Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Temps et mouvement'
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Negre, Richard. "Immobilité et mouvement : négocier avec le temps." Thesis, Paris 8, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA080039.
Full textOur purpose is to question our connection to time. This starts with the confrontation of immobility ofmatter and its activation by animated cinema. Drawings, paintings, and volumes have shed their ownmateriality to appear in that of shifting images. But then, the movement itself of the animated imagesaffects the practice of drawing - painting - volume. Movement and immobility evolve in such closenessthat it becomes difficult to perceive from which the shapes are emerging. From time-consuming handdrawing to photographic images which appear only for 1_25th second on screen, a true distortion oftimescales emerges with which one is to work, and soon compromise. Facing this paradox, whatstrategies of creation does one need to implement? Amongst the various interacting fields, danceacts as a developing tank and will help transform the approach into the desired poetical experience.This is when the use of digital tools and their peculiar relationship to time come to perturb this stability.Traditional design methods of animated movement have eventually become insufficient, and anotherhorizon remains to be defined, convinced as we are, that imagination holds the key
Gruet, Stéphane. "L'oeuvre et le temps. meta-physique /." Toulouse : Éd. Poïesis-AERA, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb400166610.
Full textNajnudel, Joseph. "Temps locaux et pénalisations browniennes." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00157111.
Full textpartir du mouvement brownien par différents types de changements de
probabilité (pénalisations). De cette manière, nous construisons des
processus qui sont fortement liés aux temps locaux browniens et aux
temps locaux d'intersection; en particulier, nous généralisons le
modèle d'Edwards, un modèle de polymère obtenu par pénalisation des
auto-intersections browniennes.
Willems, Sandrine. "L'instant retrouvé: temps et mouvement dialectique chez Georges Bataille." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212668.
Full textLACASSAGNE, LIONEL. "Detection de mouvement et suivi d'objets en temps reel." Paris 6, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA066252.
Full textPamart, Jean-Michel. "L’énigme Image-temps. L’Image-mouvement et L’Image-temps de Gilles Deleuze : essai de généalogie philosophique." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030084.
Full textTo what extent are the books written by Deleuze about cinéma philosophy books ? Following a genealogical reasoning, our study shows how Deleuze “captures” in different ways the works of four philosophers – Kant, Bergson, Peirce, Spinoza – in order to get ahead in his own philosophy. From his encounter with cinema as a whole, Deleuze continues his reflection about transcendental empiricism, reconsidering the issue of image ands signs and secretly revisiting Spinoza’s ethics to offer a new system of ethics which no longer answers the question “What can a body live ?” but its generalization “what can an image live ?” Following the figure of a post-kantian spinozism that we have identified in Deleuze’s work, time as an affect of the self by the self in Kant’s philosophy can be equated with the self-affections of the second kind of knowledge in Spinoza’s work : time becomes the place where spiritual life can spread in the attribute of thought. Being at the same time a genesis of sensitivity, a cosmogony, semiotics and ethics, The Movement-image and The Time-image constitute a system of genetics of image powers of which film-makers singular creations are both the landmarks and the touchstones : Deleuze’s encounter with these movies allows his philosophy to undergo the test of the real and to make it change its course each time he meets a film-maker’s thinking. Deleuze uses cinema which becomes the experimental checking of his philosophy where as cinema “captures” Deleuze and leads him to open up new ways of thinking. In this mating display, Deleuze is the wasp and cinema is the orchid
Artus, Estelle. "Dans le mouvement de l'art vidéo." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010693.
Full textGibert, Jean-François. "La temps volé à l'enfance et à l'institution scolaire : éloge du mouvement." Paris 8, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA080654.
Full textThe school institution is dependent on the evolution of life conditions, traffic and exchange, which are characterized by the explosion of time and space. The consequence is that the negative effects of the programming voluntarism which is upsetting time, turning the body into an instrument and intertering with the production of self-sufficient behaviour, are reinforced. The social and institutional treatment of this disease of time, illustrated by the "life rhythm phenomenon", presents a deceptive aspect. Essentialy, it establishes moments that are perfectly dissociated. On the other hand, the study of bodily manifestation reveals infradian, circadian and ultradian rhythmicities. They also emphasize how much movement is a supplier of tricks and a voice of rebellion. Movement has a bad press; it is banned and assigned to a space. In this respect, "to venture and take account of movement in one's daily pedagogical action" may have a sedative effect on the crippling tendencies which govern school practices
Minvielle-Moncla, Gérard. "Ajustements posturaux anticipatoires et conflit vitesse-précision dans une tâche de tir au pistolet." Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT2284.
Full textGourdien, Franck. "Bouclages & devenirs : être à l'écoute du temps et milieux d'implications." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010709.
Full textMenardais, Stéphane. "Fusion et adaptation temps réel de mouvements acquis pour l'animation d'humanoi͏̈des synthétiques." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN10008.
Full textZabunyan, Dork. "Voir, parler, penser au cinéma : L'Image-mouvement et l'Image-temps de Gilles Deleuze." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0084.
Full textDeleuze asserts that is two books on cinema - The Movement-Image (1983) and The Time-Image (1985) are "philosophy books". This statement is the starting point of our analysis which tries to replace this essay onmoving images within the general process and work of Deleuze. The main assumption is to insist on the importance of the "doctrine of the faculties" the author analyses since 1968 first with Difference and Repetition in a confrontation with Kant's critical philosophy. The awkward question underlining the link between the "movement-image" and the "time-image" is adressed through this assumption with a specific focus on the idea of "sighted cinema" developped by Deleuze in the interspace of the two volumes, and which formally refers to the particularities of this "doctrine of the faculties". This same doctrine mainly enables to go into the modalities of the disjunction among the visual and the word, which are investigated by Deleuze through contemporary cinema
Eisenbaum, Nathalie. "Temps locaux, excursions et lieu le plus visité par un mouvement brownien linéaire." Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA077187.
Full textBoudouani, Nassima. "Architectures reconfigurables dynamiquement : synthèse matérielle d'opérateurs de détection et d'estimation de mouvement temps réel." Cergy-Pontoise, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CERG0201.
Full textThe work described in this thesis concerns the real time implementation of motion detection and estimation operators on dynamically reconfigurable FPGA. The motion detector that we studied is based on Markov fields ; it presents variable granularity and its recursive feather prevents its real time implementation. We proposed solutions to break this recursion and we suggested two types of implementations on fine-grained reconfigurable architectures : the dynamic one evaluated on AT40K40 Atmel FPGA, and the static one evaluated on XC4000 and Virtex FPGA. For each solution we detailed the data organization and management. The motion estimators studied are based in block-matching method. The difficulty of the real time implementation of the full search block-matching motion estimator is mainly due to the high quantity of data used in calculation. We evaluated different solutions used to reduce the number of operations or the number of data to process and we demonstrated that their real time implementations are possible on fine-grained reconfigurable circuits like AT40K40. For all applications, we proposed partitioning which takes into account constraints like available computing area, data parallelism, memory bandwidth, and data dependencies between successive configurations. These operators contribute to the Ardoise (Architecture reconfigurable dynamiquement orientée image et signal embarquée) library elaboration and can be used like basics components in other applications like video compression
Hainaut, Jean-Philippe. "Influence des états d'humeur et d'anxiété sur la performance psycho-sensorimotrice." Metz, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005METZ025S.
Full textWe investigated the relationships between motor performances, changes in mood states and state anxiety, and level of trait anxiety. Motor performances were evaluated using two simple response time tasks (visual and auditory), both at reaction and movement time levels. Subjects performed the response time tasks in control and anxiogenic condition. Our results indicated that improvement of performance in response time occurred both at reaction and movement time level. This suggests that the increment of state anxiety eliciting increases in attention, could favour reaction time by improving information processing, and the movement time by increasing the muscular tension. This could reflect, from a philosophical point of view, the major role of anxiety, which could have been ‘vital’ for the survival of the human specie. Furthermore, our results suggest that in anxiogenic condition, subjects possessing different trait anxiety could allocate their attentional resources on different sensory modalities. These data highlight personality and individual differences as regards to the human/environment interaction
Cabestaing, François. "Détection de contours en mouvement dans une séquence d'images : conception et réalisation d'un processeur câblé temps-réel." Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10010.
Full textGuillet, de la Brosse Gaëlle. "De l'instant privilégié au mouvement créateur dans le théâtre de Paul Claudel." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040245.
Full textTime is of capital importance in the evolution of Paul Claudel's characters. These, avid for the absolute,attempt to capture the prime moment inscibed in their personal journey. .
Jung, Jae-Gon. "Les récits de rêves dans "A la Recherche du Temps Perdu" : une lecture textanalytique." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080938.
Full textGiven the importance and the originality of the vision that a la recherche du temps perdu attaches to the realm of dream, a psychoanalytic study of the narratives of dreams appearing in that text allows us to draw two points of great significance, among others. Firstly, the world of dreams described in the text is in close connection with the inner quest in work that forms the main idea of the novel. Secondly, the lecture of these narrative of dreams can throw a new light upon certain themes of the novel
Cassel, Ryan. "Analyse du mouvement humain par un système de vision : une approche globale pour l'analyse et la reconnaissance en temps réel de mouvements acrobatiques." Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA112282.
Full textAcrobatics is an area of athletics that is exacting in terms of gesture analysis and recognition. It comprises body rotations along two separate axes that result in fast and complex movements. Acrobatics intervene in multiple disciplines such as gymnastics, trampoline, ski, and diving. Devices for capturing movements based on markers and multiple cameras for movement analysis are problematic to implement in the context of training and are not exploitable in competition. A single camera may be used but the movement's complexity makes it very difficult to use traditional machine vision techniques without markers to carry out the analysis. Our approach offers a monocular system of analysis and recognition of acrobatic movements in real time, based on global measurements. Information relating to the acrobat's movements-without identifying specific body parts-constitutes our global measurements. Thus, we have developed movement models based on acrobatics characteristics and on global measurements extracted from image sequences. Moreover, we present a system capable of analyzing acrobatic movements with a view toward improvements of athletic performance, or for identifying the performance level of an acrobat. Analysis and recognition are based on measures of the movements identified by extracting and tracking the acrobat
DumontierR, Christophe. "Étude et mise en œuvre temps réel d'un algorithme de détection de mouvement par approche markovienne." Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPG0160.
Full textLin, Rey-Hong. "Vertiges du temps repassé : se perdre, se retrouver, s’inventer : image, récit, errance." Paris 8, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA083317.
Full textWhen time passes, what is our reaction? Why does it return to us? What is the interest in seeing it again? In my thesis, I aim to show the operation of the memory and its intangible and short-lived character. In relying upon hypotheses or discoveries from many disciplines, I try to present my souvenirs in images, narrations or in news. This thesis examines the aesthetic work of my personal memory, and also an examination of my personality and myself. Furthermore, in saving passed precious memories, I organize my future by taking them into account to gradually build a better life. This thesis divides into three spheres (Cinema, Literature and Traveling) which give different access leading into the universe of my creation. Through the work process in the shape of an ascending spiral turned towards the future:. . . Wandering (to lose oneself and to find oneself); to reinvent oneself (image and narration); wandering (to lose oneself and to find oneself); to reinvent oneself (image and narration); wandering. . . I continually obtain more experience which forms my self-enrichment and source of creation. When the past visits us, as a grueling vertigo sensation, we have the impression of having learned something and we feel grateful from it
Merle, Mathieu. "Résultats asymptotiques pour le super-mouvement brownien et le modèle du votant." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066205.
Full textLagrange, Frédéric. "Musiciens et poètes en Egypte au temps de la Nahda." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080978.
Full textBetween the second half of the 19th century and the 30's, egypt gave birth to a reformist intellectual movement which was to be reflected in the field of court-patronized art music. Thus appeared a school of learned music, a fusion of the arabian legacy, ottoman refinement and the traditional art of cantors. This study analyses the milieux of production and consuption of this art, focusing on the gradual shift from private circles to the stage and on the transformations provoked by the apparition of the commercial redording industry. Songs will be studied both on the literary and musicological levles. It will be shown that court poetry is the central thematic topic of learned music, whereas the hopes and questionings of modern society are only reflected in mainstream commercial popular music of the 20's, "taqtuqa". On the musical level, the decline of the ornamented improvisatory esthetics of maqamian music will be put in parallel with the gradual sanctification of the composer's role
Mansuy, Roger. "Contributions à l' étude de quelques aspects du mouvement brownien et d' autres processus stochastiques." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066327.
Full textBarthélémy, Sébastien. "Asymétries manuelles en temps de réaction : rôles de la planification du mouvement et de l'attention visuo-spatiale." Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT2315.
Full textWhen pointing to targets, right-handers often exhibit a left hand advantage in response preparation. The aim of this thesis is to better understand these manual RT asymmetries. A literature review about studies dealing with relations between cerebral asymmetries and manual performance revealed methodological and theoretical controversies. To solve both of them, experiments which allow controlling biomechanical constraints, movement planning and visuospatial attention were performed. On the one hand, results show that the Poffenberger paradigm, which was recently challenged, can be used to study manual RT asymmetries. On the other hand, they prove that faster left hand RTs observed in fast aiming movement can be attributed, at least partly, to a right hemisphere dominance in both movement planning and visuospatial attention processes
Garcia, Parrilla Tiffany. "Temporalités et agricultures. Identités et objets en mouvement. Une approche croisée France - Brésil." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA034.
Full textHow do Brazilian and French family farms create innovative temporal practices to respond to ecological transition?This thesis explores in a context of the social acceleration of ecologisation, the diversity of practices and representations as an expression of fracture within the modernist agricultural model. It proposes focussing on temporal experiences of socio-professional identities, elements of nature and technical artefacts. Our three ields of research- La Genétouze, Saints en Puisaye and Rio Veado- encompass the development of organic farming and of the animated debates that arise from its «conventionalisation.» Controversies over its identity _ question the numerous cultural connections between the different agricultural models and the tensions conveyed around their links with the past, the present and the future.Our transversal approach in both France and Brazil proposes to cross-examine the temporalities experienced by farmers who use reasoned agriculture, conservation agriculture or agrobiologic farms alongside their local trajectories. It shows that social acceleration hegemony is illusory: the inversion of progressive and linear time or its deceleration symbolize cultural resistances. Rather, we are part of the coexistence of multiple, opposing and even contradictory temporalities within the same territory. The challenging questions for family farming are then civilizational: they reveal temporal crises questioning the researcher on the capacity of the actors to reverse the arrow of time, offering possible reconciliations between the linearity of technical progress and life cycles
Ruiz, Gutiérrez Tania. "Études sur le temps et l'espace dans l'image en mouvement : tissage vidéo, objets spatio-temporels, images prédictives et cinéma infini." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010705.
Full textDiel, Roland. "Temps local et diffusion en environnement aléatoire." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00590440.
Full textRanalli, Marceline. "Le traitement du temps dans l'œuvre romanesque d'Alessandro Baricco." Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE2027.
Full textSince 1991 Alessandro Baricco has been one of the most present and famous Italian contemporary writers. His unprecedented, audacious, daring, twirling around and dancing style of writing is probably the first of the many reasons of his success. Through a corpus made of Baricco’s six novels, this stylistic study explores his writing on three different levels and tries to highlight the importance of the treatment of time in a perpetual scriptural motion. The exploration is divided in four parts. The first part is an approach of Baricco’s literary position. It shows the evolution of his trajectory and the undergone influences on the one hand, and his adherence or not to literary movements in the Italian panorama on the other hand. Initiating a slow return to the surface of the text, the second part works on words and observe the use of the verbal tenses and its effects. The third part concentrates on the punctuation, the typography and the layout, between and around the words. It shows the importance of the rhythm in this singular writing. The fourth part, at the text and sentence level, on the surface of the text, strives to discern the mechanisms of the temporal narrative movement. From the angle of the treatment of time, one can see an interdependence between strategies apparently clear but complex, and Baricco’s odd management of words. All levels of language are involved in a temporality expressing paradoxically the refusal and the research of the time
Hostettler, Alexandre. "Modélisation et simulation patient-dépendante, préopératoire, prédictive, et temps-réel du mouvement des organes de l'abdomen induit par la respiration libre." Strasbourg 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STR13218.
Full textThe aim of this PhD thesis is to model and simulate in real-time the viscera motion during free breathing using a 3D CT acquisition. Indeed, many medical applications (radiotherapy) do not compensate variations in organ position and lead potentially to ill adapted treatments. We use a deformation field computed from the knowledge of the skin position (optical tracking) and a patient specific modelling of the diaphragm (from 3D CT acquisitions in inhale and exhale position). Viscera are assimilated to a single incompressible entity sliding along the peritonea and the pleurae. The originality of the method is to take the cranio-caudal viscera motion into account, as well as the anteroposterior and lateral motion due to the asymmetry of the motion. The new viscera position is computed at 50 Hz, and its accuracy has been evaluated on two patients within 2 and 3 mm
Nikeghbali, Cisakht Ashkan. "Temps aléatoires, filtrations et sousmartingales : quelques développements récents." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066341.
Full textMichoud, Brice. "Reconstruction 3D à partir de séquences vidéo pour l'acquisition du mouvement de personnages en temps réel et sans marqueur." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00603786.
Full textGréa, Hélène. "Planification et contrôle en temps réel d'un mouvement de pointage ou de saisie d'une cible visuelle : une approche pluridisciplinaire." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO1T008.
Full textCaplier, Alice. "Modele markovien de detection de mouvement dans les sequences d'images : approche spatio-temporelle et mises en uvre temps reel." Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0170.
Full textMichoud, Brice. "Reconstruction 3D à partir de séquences vidéo pour l’acquisition du mouvement de personnages en temps réel et sans marqueur." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10156/document.
Full textWe aim at automatically capturing 3D motion of persons without markers. To make it flexible, and to consider interactive applications, we address real-time solution, without specialized instrumentation. Real-time body estimation and shape analyze lead to home motion capture application. We begin by addressing the problem of 3D real-time reconstruction of moving objects from multiple views. Existing approaches often involve complex computation methods, making them incompatible with real-time constraints. Shape-From-Silhouette (SFS) approaches provide interesting compromise between algorithm efficiency and accuracy. They estimate 3D objects from their silhouettes in each camera. However they require constrained environments and cameras placement. The works presented in this document generalize the use of SFS approaches to uncontrolled environments. The main methods of marker-less motion capture, are based on parametric modeling of the human body. The acquisition of movement goal is to determine the parameters that provide the best correlation between the model and the 3D reconstruction.The following approaches, more robust, use natural markings of the body extremities: the skin. Coupled with a temporal Kalman filter, a registration of simple geometric objects, or an ellipsoids' decomposition, we have proposed two real-time approaches, providing a mean error of 6%. Thanks to the approach robustness, it allows the simultaneous monitoring of several people even in contacts. The results obtained open up prospects for a transfer to home applications
Truchot, Pierre. "Peinture et durée : l'évolution sémantique du mouvement et du temps dans l'histoire de la peinture occidentale (de l'icône à la peinture contemporaine)." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010582.
Full textLallouche-Boiron, Linda. "Etude des processus de programmation et d'inhibition des ajustements posturaux anticipés : approche chronométrique et electromyographique chez l'homme." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT2278.
Full textThe aim of the present thesis is to contribute to the advance of theoretical knowledge about the control of anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) by the central nervous system. APAs refer to changes in the activity of postural muscles that occur just before or simultaneously with the onset of a voluntary movement. The assumed role of APAs is to counteract in advance the disturbance to balance and posture induced by the forthcoming voluntary movement. The purpose of the first experiment carried out in this work, was to investigate the processes of inhibition of APAs using a stop-signal paradigm. The results obtained suggest that the processes of inhibition of APAs operate in the same way and follow the same rules as the processes of inhibition of the “focal” voluntary movement. The results of the second experiment suggest that in a specific situation, in which it is possible to have to inhibit the forthcoming movement during its preparation, there is a change in the pattern of generated APAs compared to a standard situation. The first two experiments have enabled us to tackle a new topic of investigation: APAs and the (possible) inhibition of the movement. The aim of the third experiment was to examine a more general question. This question is about the mode of programming of APAs. This question was examined using the motor control theory proposed by Schmidt (1988) as a reference. However, the results obtained do not allow us to decide categorically between the two modes of programming of APAs currently put forward in the literature on the subject
Sauder, Christopher. "Mouvements et modalités : l’interprétation et la transformation de la dunamis et de l’energeia chez Hegel et chez Heidegger." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040099.
Full textThis study constructs a dialogue between Hegel and Heidegger, within the framework of the Aristotelian conceptuality of the processual fulfilment of being. The fundamental divergences between the two German philosophers concerning movement, modality and time are analyzed in terms of their interpretations, adaptations, and transformations of the notions of potentiality and actuality. I begin by developing two contrasting conceptions of potentiality and actuality – immanent acts and transitive movements – that serve to mark out the different trajectories of interpretations made by Hegel and Heidegger. I then turn to an analysis of the numerous lecture courses both philosophers gave on Aristotle. Finally, I show how certain of their fundamental philosophical breakthroughs rely on the kinetic conceptuality of the Stagirite, even if the limitations of those Aristotelian paradigms ultimately force Hegel and Heidegger to transgress them. It turns out that Hegel, taking his point of depart from the priority and immanence of energeia, understood as the circular and atemporal movement of the dialectic, ends up with a theory of modality bearing close resemblance to that of the Megarians. Heidegger, on the other hand, understands the Aristotelian production discourse as a proto-phenomenology, which he nevertheless finds insufficient for conceptualizing the essential movement of Dasein, due to its overriding teleological orientation. Nevertheless, Heidegger remains Aristotelian in his insistence on the intrinsic relation between the movement of phenomenological appearing and time
Kontogianni, Eleni. "Aristote, Heidegger : substance et temporalité, ou une histoire ancienne du temps." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022STRAC004.
Full textThe present study focuses on the concept of time, thematized by Aristotle who bequeathed to us the earliest concept of time with regard to its completeness, and by Heidegger who integrates Aristotle’s concept into the elaboration of a new concept of time, inseparable from the question of being as such, designated as temporality. One the one hand, the reconstruction of the Aristotelian concept of time is carried out under the double prism of Aristotelian cosmology and psychology, and leads to see that for Aristotle: 1) time is the formal aspect of movement, 2) time is the mathematical expression of the endurance of the substrate of movement. On the other hand, Heidegger’s opposition to the mathematization of movement by means of time signals the originality of his approach: time is prior to movement as the foundation of the constitution of the existing entity, the bearer of movement. However, the connection that Heidegger makes between time and being as such turns out to be problematic, insofar as the question of being implies the omission of the factor of matter on which the existing entity depends. The parallel study of these two concepts of time leads to discover in Aristotle a research that we may qualify as phenomenological physics: ‘physics’ because it takes matter into account; ‘phenomenological’ because it highlights the co-belonging of men and the universe as well as the complementarity between all its members
Decety, Jean. "Simulation mentale du mouvement : approche neuro-cognitive : analyse chronométrique d'actions exécutées mentalement et étude du métabolisme cérébral par mesure du débit sanguin cérébral régional." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1T165.
Full textBesson, Grégoire. "Le temps du voyage : rythmes et perception du temps dans les pratiques du voyages en Europe entre Lumières et romantisme (1750-1850)." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAH026.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to analyse the articulation between time and mobility in the context of the more or less brutal evolutions that Europe underwent between the middle of the 18th and the 19th centuries. The study is based on the analysis of travels, more precisely on the examination of emotions and perceptions felt by a hundred travellers of different nationalities and social conditions across Europe. In the context of the industrialisation of the old world, which is leading to a profound change in societies and in particular in social times, we propose an archaeology of the modern temporalities of travel. After having overcome the obstacles of self-writing in the travel narrative to understand as closely as possible the emotions experienced by travellers, it will be necessary to study the evolution of travel frameworks : the transport. From the horse-drawn carriage to the steam revolution from the 1830s onwards, the speed of travel increased considerably in a few decades. In conjunction with the evolution of aesthetic and philosophical conceptions, such as the transition from the Enlightenment to Romanticism, the perception of the environment and landscapes brings new emotions to travellers. As the use of travel guides is almost systematic, the study of these books highlights viatical temporal models and their mutations, in parallel with travel practices that tend towards modern tourism. All these political, technical, cultural and social developments led to a modernisation of Europe between the mid-18th and mid-19th centuries. This modernization is characterized in particular by an evolution of social temporalities, including the more specific temporalities of travel, towards more precision, rationalization and an increased awareness of time
Davy, Axel. "Modélisation de fonds complexes statiques et en mouvement : application à la détection d'événements rares dans les séries d'images." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLN048/document.
Full textThe first part of this thesis is dedicated to the modeling of image or video backgrounds, applied to anomaly detection. In the case of anomaly detection on a single image, our analysis leads us to find five different families of structural assumptions on the background. We propose new algorithms for single-image anomaly detection, small target detection on moving background, change detection on satellite SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) images and cloud detection on a sequence of satellite optical images.In the second part, we study two further applications of background modeling. To perform video denoising we search, for every video patch, similar patches in the video sequence, and feed their central pixels to a convolutional neural network (CNN). The background model in this case is hidden in the CNN weights. In our experiments, the proposed method is the best performing of the compared CNN-based methods. We also study exemplar-based texture synthesis. In this problem texture samples have to be generated based on only one reference sample. Our survey classifies the families of algorithms for this task according to their model assumptions. In addition, we propose improvements to fix the border behavior issues that we pointed out in several deep learning based methods.In the third part, we propose real-time GPU implementations for B-spline interpolation and for several image and video denoising algorithms: NL-means, BM3D and VBM3D. The speed of the proposed implementations enables their use in real-time scenarios, and they are currently being transitioned to industry
Ruset, Séverine. "Au-delà du naturalisme : les métamorphoses de l'espace et du temps dans les dramaturgies anglaises contemporaines." Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030128.
Full textThe naturalistic tradition is deeply rooted in English contemporary theatre, where numerous writers – anxious not to impede the clarity and the relevance of the critical examination to which they subject the problems of their time – attempt to reproduce scrupulously the reality they observe. Others choose on the other hand to distort and remould it. They create strange, heterogeneous and mobile space-times ; not to offer the audience an escape, but rather to energise the relationship between the fictional world and the real world. Our thesis investigates the forms and stakes involved in the metamorphosis of space and time in English contemporary drama. Through a corpus of seventeen plays written after 1968, we examine how the renewal of space and time structures undertaken by some writers influences the representation of reality and the spectatorial experience. Hence the treatment of time appears as a determining factor. Contrary to the naturalistic chronotope, which gives priority to space, the free forms which come under our scrutiny have made time the variable of the theatrical equation
Ackermann, Christophe. "Processus associés à l'équation de diffusion rapide. Indépendance du temps et de la position pour un processus stochastique." Nancy 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NAN10186.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is twofold. First, we give a stochastic modelisation of a partial differential equation known as equation of "fast" diffusion. The latter describes a diffusion phenomenon which occurs in the plasma physics. Thus, we study the solution of a differential stochastic equation, the density of which satisfies the equation of "fast" diffusion: we treat in particular the case when the initial measure is the Dirac measure at 0. Secondly, we deal with the question of the independence of time and position for a stochastic process. We consider a random walk S(n) with independent identically distributed increments and we study the standard stopping times T such that T and S(T) are independent. We give a description of the stopping distributions of S(T) in the case of a Bernoulli symmetric random walk. We finally complete this work by giving a characterization of the stopping distributions of the Brownian motion
Sarda, Laure. "CONTRIBUTION A L'ETUDE DE LA SEMANTIQUE DE L'ESPACE ET DU TEMPS : ANALYSE DES VERBES DE DEPLACEMENTTRANSITIFS DIRECTS DU FRANÇAIS." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00067804.
Full textDuhalde, Jean-Pierre. "Sur des propriétés fractales et trajectorielles de processus de branchement continus." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066029/document.
Full textThis thesis investigates some fractal and pathwise properties of branching processes with continuous time and state-space. Informally, this kind of process can be described by considering the evolution of a population where individuals reproduce and die over time, randomly. The first chapter deals with the class of continuous branching processes with immigration. We provide a semi-explicit formula for the hitting times and a necessary and sufficient condition for the process to be recurrent or transient. Those two results illustrate the competition between branching and immigration. The second chapter deals with the Brownian tree and its local time measures : the level-sets measures. We show that they can be obtained as the restriction, with an explicit multiplicative constant, of a Hausdorff measure on the tree. The result holds uniformly for all levels. The third chapter study the Super-Brownian motion associated with a general branching mechanism. Its total occupation measure is obtained as the restriction to the total range, of a given packing measure on the euclidean space. The result is valid for large dimensions. The condition on the dimension is discussed by computing the packing dimension of the total range. This is done under a weak assumption on the regularity of the branching mechanism
Degas, Augustin. "Auto-structuration de trafic temps-réel multi-objectif et multi-critère dans un monde virtuel." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30058.
Full textIn many areas, simulation is a powerful tool to learn, visualize, and understand the impact of a decision at a given time on the entire system. The area of air navigation is not an exception. Air traffic simulation tools are essential in air traffic management, and must be able to generate a wide variety of realistic scenarios while taking into account different constraints observable by a simulation user, called situations such as traffic density, a flow typology, collisions, a weather event, or any other emerging event. Structuring traffic simulation to achieve realism and different situations is a complex task, given the many objectives and criteria to meet, the diversity of mobile entities and their multiple interactions, and the dynamics of the environment. In the field of air navigation, this complexity is very often managed by humans, whether by the scriptwriter expert who generates the traffic scenario after several hours of trial and error, or by human actors during the simulation that manage the real-time adaptation of the traffic if needed. Traditional resolution approaches have shown their limits to face the complexity of these applications. In this thesis, we propose to solve real-time structuring of a multi-objective traffic simulation by using the AMAS theory (Adaptive Multi-Agents Systems). In these systems, agents pursue local goals and interact in a cooperative manner. By their local interactions, the system is more robust and self-adapt to the dynamics of the environment, allowing the global function to emerge. After several studies, this theory has shown its adequacy to solve complex and dynamic problems. The objective of this work is to model and specialize this theory for the real-tile structuring of multi-objective and multi-criteria traffic simulation. For this purpose, the AGATS agent model with cooperative and local behaviors and interactions has been defined. This model is composed of two sub-models, AGEAS, for structuring the simulation according to a scenario, and CAAMAS, for enabling mobile entities to self-adapt to the scenarios and dynamics of the simulation. The results of the instantiation of these two models for air traffic simulation show the adequacy of the proposed approach for autonomous scenario generation
Kiss, Dóra. "La saisie du mouvement : de l'écriture et de la lecture des sources de la belle danse." Thesis, Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE2047.
Full textThis thesis defines if dance could be grasps, and how. Belle danse is taken as a "cas d'école" for unswering this question. Belle danse's origin, contextualisation and definition are given in the first chapter. The second chapter embraces the scriptwriter perspective to analyse Beauchamps-Feuillet notation. The third chapter adopts the reader's perspective (if "reading" can mean "decode", " analyse", "interpret" and "perform".) This chapter explicits some of belle danse's rules that are implicitly explained in the sources. It analyses the "Türkish Dance" (c. 1725). This score —and this dance— has been choreographed by Antony L'Abbé, and notated by François le Roussau. This thesis is written in reference to Guillemette Bolens researches that takes in acount the use of kinesthesis for writing and reading actions. It points to Etienne Darbellay's research based both on "théorie de la métaphore" (Lakoff and Johnson) and memory's process understanding (Croisile), and to crucial researches on belle danse writing and reading, particularly those of Marina Nordera
Girondel, Vincent. "Contribution à l'analyse et à l'interprétation du mouvement humain : application à la reconnaissance de postures." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00156572.
Full textL'analyse du mouvement humain fait intervenir plusieurs processus de traitement d'images tels que la segmentation d'objets en mouvement, le suivi temporel, la détection de peau, les modèles de corps humain et la reconnaissance d'actions ou de postures. Nous proposons une méthode de suivi temporel en deux étapes permettant de suivre au cours du temps une ou plusieurs personnes même si elles s'occultent entre elles. Cette méthode est basée sur un calcul d'intersection de boîtes englobantes rectangulaires et sur un filtrage partiel de Kalman. Puis nous explicitons une méthode de détection de peau par une approche couleur afin de localiser leurs visages et leurs mains. Toutes ces étapes préliminaires donnent accès à de nombreuses informations bas-niveau. Dans une dernière partie, nous utilisons une partie de ces informations pour reconnaître les postures statiques de personnes parmi les quatre postures suivantes: debout, assis, accroupi et couché. De nombreux résultats illustrent les avantages et les limitations des méthodes proposées, ainsi que leur efficacité et robustesse.
Papahagi, Cristiana. "Les prépositions de la trajectoire en français et en roumain : étude synchronique et diachronique." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030114.
Full textThe present dissertation is a study of path prepositions in French and Romanian: Fr. De, depuis, par, jusqu'à. . . , Rom. De, pe, pânæ. . . These prepositions make up a distinct class of state prepositions defined by their ability to transform the contexts in which they appear (movement, perception, etc. ) into a path. This is the case even in these two verb-framed Romance languages. Moreover, path prepositions do not configure the landmark they introduce, as is shown by the fact — optional in French, grammatical in Romanian — that they can determine prepositional phrases and topological adverbs: Fr. De sous, par où. . . , Rom. De la, pânæ unde. . . It is also noteworthy that the category of path prepositions is a recent innovation in these two languages. The previous marking of path was made by verbal satellites in Latin, and by prepositional compounds in Low Latin, Old French and Old Romanian. The existence of path prepositions is thus a peculiarity of Romance languages, which nevertheless brings them closer to the satellite-framed languages (e. G. The Germanic ones)