Academic literature on the topic 'Temporal scheduler'
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Journal articles on the topic "Temporal scheduler"
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Shahsavari, Shahram, Nail Akar, and Babak Hossein Khalaj. "Joint Cell Muting and User Scheduling in Multicell Networks with Temporal Fairness." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4846291.
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A semicentralized joint cell muting and user scheduling scheme for interference coordination in a multicell network is proposed under two different temporal fairness criteria. In the proposed scheme, at a decision instant, each base station (BS) in the multicell network employs a cell-level scheduler to nominate one user for each of its inner and outer sections and their available transmission rates to a network-level scheduler which then computes the potential overall transmission rate for each muting pattern. Subsequently, the network-level scheduler selects one pattern to unmute, out of all the available patterns. This decision is shared with all cell-level schedulers which then forward data to one of the two nominated users provided the pattern they reside in was chosen for transmission. Both user and pattern selection decisions are made on a temporal fair basis. Although some pattern sets are easily obtainable from static frequency reuse systems, we propose a general pattern set construction algorithm in this paper. As for the first fairness criterion, all cells are assigned to receive the same temporal share with the ratio between the temporal share of a cell center section and that of the cell edge section being set to a fixed desired value for all cells. The second fairness criterion is based on max-min temporal fairness for which the temporal share of the network-wide worst case user is maximized. Extensive numerical results are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes and to study the impact of choice of the pattern set.
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Coles, Andrew, Maria Fox, Keith Halsey, Derek Long, and Amanda Smith. "Managing concurrency in temporal planning using planner-scheduler interaction." Artificial Intelligence 173, no. 1 (January 2009): 1–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2008.08.003.
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Muoka, Pascal, Daniel Onwuchekwa, and Roman Obermaisser. "Adaptive Scheduling for Time-Triggered Network-on-Chip-Based Multi-Core Architecture Using Genetic Algorithm." Electronics 11, no. 1 (December 24, 2021): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11010049.
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Adaptation in time-triggered systems can be motivated by energy efficiency, fault recovery, and changing environmental conditions. Adaptation in time-triggered systems is achieved by preserving temporal predictability through metascheduling techniques. Nevertheless, utilising existing metascheduling schemes for time-triggered network-on-chip architectures poses design time computation and run-time storage challenges for adaptation using the resulting schedules. In this work, an algorithm for path reconvergence in a multi-schedule graph, enabled by a reconvergence horizon, is presented to manage the state-space explosion problem resulting from an increase in the number of scenarios required for adaptation. A meta-scheduler invokes a genetic algorithm to solve a new scheduling problem for each adaptation scenario, resulting in a multi-schedule graph. Finally, repeated nodes of the multi-schedule graph are merged, and further exploration of paths is terminated. The proposed algorithm is evaluated using various application model sizes and different horizon configurations. Results show up to 56% reduction of schedules necessary for adaptation to 10 context events, with the reconvergence horizon set to 50 time units. Furthermore, 10 jobs with 10 slack events and a horizon of 40 ticks result in a 23% average sleep time for energy savings. Furthermore, the results demonstrate the reduction in the state-space size while showing the trade-off between the size of the reconvergence horizon and the number of nodes of the multi-schedule graph.
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Usip, Patience Usoro, Udoinyang Godwin Inyang, Daniel Ekpenyong Asuquo, and Enobong Umoren. "A Formal Ontology-based Framework Towards an Intelligent Temporal Scheduler." Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal 4, no. 2 (2019): 387–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.25046/aj040248.
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Liu, Ruisen, Manisha Natarajan, and Matthew C. Gombolay. "Coordinating Human-Robot Teams with Dynamic and Stochastic Task Proficiencies." ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction 11, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 1–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3477391.
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As robots become ubiquitous in the workforce, it is essential that human-robot collaboration be both intuitive and adaptive. A robot’s ability to coordinate team activities improves based on its ability to infer and reason about the dynamic (i.e., the “learning curve”) and stochastic task performance of its human counterparts. We introduce a novel resource coordination algorithm that enables robots to schedule team activities by (1) actively characterizing the task performance of their human teammates and (2) ensuring the schedule is robust to temporal constraints given this characterization. We first validate our modeling assumptions via user study. From this user study, we create a data-driven prior distribution over human task performance for our virtual and physical evaluations of human-robot teaming. Second, we show that our methods are scalable and produce high-quality schedules. Third, we conduct a between-subjects experiment (n = 90) to assess the effects on a human-robot team of a robot scheduler actively exploring the humans’ task proficiency. Our results indicate that human-robot working alliance ( ) and human performance ( ) are maximized when the robot dedicates more time to exploring the capabilities of human teammates.
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Shahsavari, Shahram, and Nail Akar. "A Two-Level Temporal Fair Scheduler for Multi-Cell Wireless Networks." IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 4, no. 3 (June 2015): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2015.2406752.
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Hussien, Hesham, Eman Shaaban, and Said Ghoniemy. "Adaptive Hierarchical Scheduling Framework for TiRTOS." International Journal of Embedded and Real-Time Communication Systems 10, no. 1 (January 2019): 119–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijertcs.2019010107.
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The complexity of embedded real-time systems has increased, and most applications have large diversity in execution times of their tasks. Therefore, most traditional scheduling techniques do not satisfy requirements of such applications. This article proposes an adaptive hierarchical scheduling framework for a set of independent concurrent applications composing of soft and hard real time tasks, that run on a single processor. It ensures temporal partitioning between independent applications with budget adaption feature, where CPU time of each application is periodically and dynamically assigned. Implemented in the kernel of TI-RTOS on a resource constrained platform, experiments show that proposed scheme provides good performance for multiple applications with dynamic tasks under overload conditions. Compared with traditional priority scheduler originally implemented in TI-RTOS and EDF scheduler, it achieves low miss ratio with minimal overhead while yielding temporal partitioning.
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Várkonyi-Kóczy, Annamária R., and Gábor Samu. "Anytime System Scheduler for Insufficient Resource Availability." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 8, no. 5 (September 20, 2004): 488–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2004.p0488.
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Anytime systems are advantageous when resource and/or data availability changes during operation and some kind of intelligent reconfiguration of the system is needed to cope with temporal data and resource access conditions. Such systems may provide an optimal tradeoff between time/resource needs and computational complexity and the quality (accuracy) of results and are designed using special models, methods, and algorithms together with applying active monitoring for being able to supervise the operation of the system on-line and making intelligent decisions based on sensory information of so-called shortage indicators. Since the monitor operates under prescribed response time requirements and the number and complexity of the executable tasks may be very high, especially in complex systems, new considerations must constantly be made to achieve optimal or acceptable performance. In software terms, this requires the application of special compilation methods dealing also with timing considerations and constraints of the underlying operating system and even with the run-time characteristics of the monitor. This must also be supported by anytime development tools and special anytime description languages. In this paper a hierarchical compilation method is introduced together with theoretical considerations about a possible anytime development tool and the basics of the anytime description meta-language ATDL are presented.
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Tekinay, Mustafa, and Cory Beard. "Reducing computation time of a wireless resource scheduler by exploiting temporal channel characteristics." Wireless Networks 25, no. 7 (July 10, 2019): 4259–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11276-019-02088-2.
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Nguyen, Cuong M., and V. Chandrasekar. "Electronic Scan Strategy for Phased Array Weather Radar Using a Space–Time Characterization Model." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 34, no. 4 (April 2017): 921–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-16-0021.1.
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AbstractThis paper presents an adaptive scan strategy concept for phased array weather radars (PAWR) with the objective of increasing the scan speed and capturing features of the storm system while maintaining the measurement accuracy. The adaptive scan strategy is developed based on the space–time variability of the storm under observation. Quickly evolving regions are scanned more often and the spatial sampling resolution is matched to the spatial scale. A model that includes the interaction between space and time is used to extract spatial and temporal scales of the medium and to define scanning regions. The temporal scale constrains the radar revisit time, while the measurement accuracy controls the radar’s dwell time. These conditions are employed in a task scheduler that works on a ray-by-ray basis and is designed to balance task priority and radar resources. The scheduler algorithm also includes an optimization procedure for minimizing radar scan time. The model and the scan strategy are demonstrated using simulation data. The results show that the proposed scan strategy can reduce the scan time significantly without compromising data quality.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Temporal scheduler"
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Halsey, Keith. "CRIKEY! : it's co-ordination in temporal planning : minimising essential planner-scheduler." Thesis, Durham University, 2004. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/2707/.
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Temporal planning contains aspects of both planning and scheduling. Many temporal planners assume a loose coupling between these two sub-problems in the form of "blackbox" durative actions, where the state of the world is not known during the action's execution. This reduces the size of the search space and so simplifies the temporal planning problem, restricting what can be modelled. In particular, the simplification makes it impossible to model co-ordination, where actions must be executed concurrently to achieve a desired effect. Coordination results from logical and temporal constraints that must both be met, and for this reason, the planner and scheduler must communicate in order to find a valid temporal plan. This communication effectively increases the size of the search space, so must be done intelligently and as little as possible to limit this increase. This thesis contributes a comprehensive analysis of where temporal constraints appear in temporal planning problems. It introduces the notions of minimum and maximum temporal constraints, and with these isolates where the planning and scheduling are coupled together tightly, in the form of co-ordination, it characterises this with the new concepts of envelopes and contents. A new temporal planner written, called СRIKЕҮ, uses this theory to solve temporal problems involving co-ordination that other planners are unable to solve. However, it does this intelligently, using this theory to minimise the communication between the sub-solvers, and so does not expand the search space unnecessarily. The novel search space that CRIKEY uses docs not specify the timings of future events and this allows for the handling of duration inequalities, which again, few other temporal planners are able to solve. Results presented show СRIKЕҮ to be a competitive planner, whilst not making the same simplifying assumptions that other temporal planners make as to the nature of temporal planning problems.
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McDevitt, Margaret A. "The role of temporal variables in preference for signalled schedules /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9728763.
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Fouilleul, Martin. "Un environnement de programmation temporelle pour le spectacle vivant et les installations artistiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS016.
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Le temps est un aspect fondamental de tout spectacle vivant, et de bon nombre d’installations artistiques. Les dispositifs techniques participent à un riche réseau d'interactions temporelles avec les interprètes humains et le public. Dans ce contexte, les techniciens et les artistes ont besoin d’outils pour planifier et contrôler les scénarios temporels de leurs œuvres. Dans ce travail, nous présentons un environnement appelé Quadrant, destiné à concevoir et mettre en œuvre des scénarios temporels. Ces scénarios peuvent être utilisés pour piloter divers aspects techniques de spectacles, comme lancer des sons ou des vidéos, contrôler des lumières, etc. Nous explorons une approche hybride entre un langage de programmation et un logiciel de conduite de spectacle. Cet environnement comporte un éditeur structuré opérant sur un arbre de syntaxe combinant des éléments textuels et graphiques. Ceci permet de spécifier algorithmiquement des scénarios, tout en exprimant des transformations temporelles continues grâce à des courbes de tempo. Les scénarios sont compilés à la volée vers un bytecode exécuté par une machine virtuelle. Un ordonnanceur coopératif organise l’exécution de flux concurrents le long d'axes temporels multiples, utilisant des dates et des délais symboliques. Le temps symbolique est traduit en temps réel par le biais de courbes de tempo, pour lesquelles nous fournissons un formalisme en termes d'équations différentielles. La machine virtuelle fournit un flux d'informations à l'éditeur, qui peut ainsi afficher ces informations directement dans le code du programme. Ceci permet à l'utilisateur de visualiser la progression du scénario pendant la performanceTemporality is a critical aspect of live shows and art installations. Technical artifacts and processes participate in a rich network of temporal interactions with the human performers and/or the audience. In this context, technicians and artists need tools to plan and control the temporal scenarios of their show or installation. In this work we present Quadrant, a programming environment for designing and performing temporal scenarios. Such scenarios can be used to drive various technical aspects of live shows and art installations, such as audio and video playback, lights, or mechatronics. We explore a hybrid approach aimed at bridging the gap between a programming language and a show controller. Our environment features a structure editor operating on a syntax tree that combines textual tokens and user interface widgets. This allows specifying scenarios algorithmically, while expressing continuous time transformations using graphical curves. Scenarios are compiled on-the-fly into a bytecode run by a virtual machine. A cooperative scheduler organizes the execution of concurrent flows along multiple time axes, using abstract dates and delays. Abstract time is mapped onto wall-clock time through the use of time transformations, specified as tempo curves, for which we provide a formalism in terms of differential equations. Tempo curves can be built from cubic Bézier curves. The virtual machine feeds back execution informations to the structure editor, which uses it to highlight executed statements and display progress wheels and status icons directly in the code. This allows an operator to easily monitor the progression and the temporality of the scenarios
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Romanowich, Paul John. "The effects of temporal context on preference in a multiple schedule with alternating concurrent-chains and simple concurrent schedule components." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3284115.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2007.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed January 9, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-80).
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Chiu, Lesley W. "Extensions to the iCalendar Data Model Hierarchical Schedules and Temporally Related Events." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/17342.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedComputer calendaring has matured to the point where peoples calendars are easily synchronized across devices, shared between other people and organizations, and used to coordinate and schedule mutually agreeable meeting times. These and other advances have made computer calendaring indispensable in peoples personal and professional lives. Despite the recent advances in the scheduling capabilities of computer calendaring software, there are still areas of scheduling that are not so well accomplished or even possible in todays computer calendaring state of the art. Non-fixed date template schedules, used in military exercise and contingency plans (e.g., POA and M), are examples of schedules that are highly flexible and reusable. Because of their unique scheduling properties and relationships, however, they cannot be modeled in mainstream computer calendaring tools. As a result, when applying these types of schedules to a computer calendar, a great deal of human calculation, manual manipulation, and data entry are required to get the schedule information into the calendar. This thesis explores extensions to the iCalendar data model. These extensions will enable schedule hierarchies and temporally related events to be modeled in mainstream calendaring applications. The results will show considerable savings in human processing effort and that reduction in data-entry errors is possible.
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Brandão, Jesse Wayde. "Analysis of the truncated response model for fixed priority on HMPSoCs." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/14836.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Electrónica e TelecomunicaçõesWith the ever more ubiquitous nature of embedded systems and their increasingly demanding applications, such as audio/video decoding and networking, the popularity of MultiProcessor Systems-on-Chip (MPSoCs) continues to increase. As such, their modern uses often involve the execution of multiple applications on the same system. Embedded systems often have applications that are faced with timing restrictions, some of which are deadlines, throughput and latency. The resources available to the applications running on these systems are nite and, therefore, applications need to share the available resources while guaranteeing that their timing requirements are met. These guarantees are established via schedulers which may employ some of the many techniques devised for the arbitration of resource usage among applications. The main technique considered in this dissertation is the Preemptive Fixed Priority (PFP) scheduling technique. Also, there is a growing trend in the usage of the data ow computational model for analysis of applications on MultiProcessor System-on-Chips (MPSoCs). Data ow graphs are functionally intuitive, and have interesting and useful analytical properties. This dissertation intends to further previous work done in temporal analysis of PFP scheduling of Real-Time applications on MPSoCs by implementing the truncated response model for PFP scheduling and analyzing the its results. This response model promises tighter bounds for the worst case response times of the actors in a low priority data ow graph by considering the worst case response times over consecutive rings of an actor rather than just a single ring. As a follow up to this work, we also introduce in this dissertation a burst analysis technique for actors in a data ow graph.
Com a natureza cada vez mais ubíqua de sistemas embutidos e as suas aplicações cada vez mais exigentes, como a decodicação de áudio/video e rede, a popularidade de MultiProcessor Systems-on-Chip (MPSoCs) continua a aumentar. Como tal, os seus usos modernos muitas vezes envolvem a execução de várias aplicações no mesmo sistema. Sistemas embutidos, frequentemente correm aplicações que são confrontadas com restrições temporais, algumas das quais são prazos, taxa de transferência e latência. Os recursos disponíveis para as aplicações que estão a correr nestes sistemas são finitos e, portanto, as aplicações necessitam de partilhar os recursos disponíveis, garantindo simultaneamente que os seus requisitos temporais sejam satisfeitos. Estas garantias são estabelecidas por meio escalonadores que podem empregar algumas das muitas técnicas elaboradas para a arbitragem de uso de recursos entre as aplicações. A técnica principal considerada nesta dissertação é Preemptive Fixed Priority (PFP). Além disso existe uma tendência crescente no uso do modelo computacional data flow para a análise de aplicações a correr em MPSoCs. Grafos data flow são funcionalmente intuitivos e possuem propriedades interessantes e úteis. Esta dissertação pretende avançar trabalho prévio na área de escalonamento PFP de aplicações ai implementar o modelo de resposta truncatedo para escalonamento PFP e analisar os seus resultados. Este modelo de resposta promete limites mais estritos para os tempos de resposta de pior caso para atores num grafo de baixa prioridade ao considerar os tempos de resposta de pior caso ao longo de várias execuções consecutivas de um actor em vez de uma só. Como seguimento a este trabalho, também introduzimos nesta dissertação uma técnica para a análise de execuções em rajada de atores num grafo data flow.
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Back, Flávio Augustino. "Padrão temporal de exposição ao ciclo claro/escuro natural e expressão dos cronotipos em uma região rural." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-15092008-124927/.
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Sabemos que a expressão dos cronotipos resulta de influências genéticas e ambientais. Existem evidências na literatura que nos permitem supor a participação do padrão temporal de exposição ao ciclo claro/escuro natural no estabelecimento dos cronotipos. Neste estudo nosso objetivo principal foi comparar a distribuição de cronotipos de dois grupos que vivem na mesma região rural, mas que apresentam padrões temporais de exposição ao ciclo claro/escuro muito distintos. Ao mesmo tempo, avaliamos a satisfação dos voluntários com seus horários de início de trabalho. Para isso estudamos dois grupos: Grupo de Trabalhadores em Ambiente Aberto (GTAA) e Grupo de Trabalhadores em Ambiente Fechado (GTAF). O GTAA foi composto por 29 voluntários com idade média de 30,8 ± 10,0 anos, enquanto o GTAF foi composto por 20 voluntários com idade média de 30,8 ± 9,8 anos. Aplicamos o questionário de matutinidade e vespertinidade e um questionário sobre os horários de trabalho para todos os voluntários, na maioria das vezes, em suas casas. Medidas das intensidades luminosas dos ambientes de trabalho dos voluntários foram coletadas. Comparamos a pontuação do questionário de cronotipos e a diferença entre o horário em que os voluntários trabalham e o horário em que gostariam de trabalhar entre os dois grupos. Usamos o teste estatístico de Kruskal-Wallis para essas comparações. Fizemos também uma regressão linear entre a pontuação do questionário de matutinidade e vespertinidade e a idade dos voluntários, um coeficiente de correlação foi obtido. Sugerimos com nossos resultados que o contexto fótico associado às naturezas espacial e temporal da ocupação laboral (contexto não-fótico) dos indivíduos pode modular a expressão dos cronotipos. Devido ao contexto fótico associado ao contexto não-fótico dos voluntários, o GTAA parece se ajustar melhor aos seus horários diurnos de trabalho. Finalmente, discutiremos neste trabalho a importância de se contextualizar socialmente a sincronização fótica de humanos para se estudar a expressão dos cronotipos.It is known that the expression of the chronotypes results from both genetic and environmental influences. There are evidences in the literature which allow us to believe in the participation of the temporal pattern of exposition to the natural light/dark cycle in the establishment of the morningness/eveningness tendencies. In this study, our specific goal was to compare the distribution of the chronotypes in two groups of people sharing the same rural region for living, but with very different temporal patterns of exposition to the light/dark cycle. We also evaluated the satisfaction of the volunteers with their work schedule. Two groups were studied: Indoor Environment Group of workers (IEG) and Outdoor Environment Group (OEG) of workers. The OEG comprised 29 volunteers with average age of 30.8 ± 10.0 years old and the IEG 20 volunteers with average age of 30.8 ± 9.8 years old. We applied the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire and other questionnaire about the working time for all volunteers, most of times, in their homes. Measures of the light intensity of the volunteers\' working places were collected. We compared the scores of the questionnaire of chronotypes and the difference between the time in which the volunteers work and the time in which they would like to work, between the two groups. We used the statistic test of Kruskal-Wallis for these comparisons. We also applied a linear regression model between the score of the morningness-eveningness questionnaire and the age of the volunteers, obtaining a correlation coefficient. We suggest with our results that the photic context associated with the spacial and temporal natures of the working occupation, non-photic context, may modulate the expression of peoples\' chronotypes. Because of the photic context associated to the non-photic context of the volunteers, the OEG seems to have a better adjustment to the morning shift. Finaly, we discuss the importance of taking social context in consideration in studies of photic synchronization of humans.
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Gerbier, Emilie. "Effet du type d’agencement temporel des répétitions d’une information sur la récupération explicite." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20029/document.
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La façon dont une information se répète au cours du temps a une influence sur la façon dont nous nous souviendrons de cette information. Les recherches en psychologie ont mis en évidence l’effet de pratique distribuée, selon lequel on retient mieux les informations qui se répètent avec des intervalles inter-répétitions longs que celles qui se répètent avec des intervalles courts. Nos travaux ont porté spécifiquement sur les situations où l’information se répète sur plusieurs jours, et nous avons comparé l’efficacité relative de différents types d’agencement temporel des répétitions. Un agencement uniforme consiste en des répétitions se produisant à intervalles réguliers, un agencement expansif en des répétitions se produisant selon des intervalles de plus en plus espacés, et un agencement contractant en des répétitions se produisant selon des intervalles de plus en plus rapprochés. Les Expériences 1 et 2 consistaient en une phase d’apprentissage d’une semaine et ont révélé la supériorité des agencements expansif et uniforme après un délai de rétention de deux jours. L’Expérience 3 consistait en une phase d’apprentissage de deux semaines, et les sujets étaient ensuite testés lors de trois délais de rétention différents (2, 6 ou 13 jours). La supériorité de l’agencement expansif sur les deux autres agencements est apparue progressivement, suggérant que les différents agencements induisaient des taux d’oubli différents. Nous avons également tenté de tester différentes théories explicatives des effets de l’agencement temporel des répétitions sur la mémorisation, en particulier les théories de la variabilité de l’encodage (Expérience 4) et de la récupération en phase d’étude (Expérience 2). Les résultats observés tendent à confirmer la théorie de la récupération en phase d’étude. Nous insistons sur l’importance de la prise en compte des apports des autres disciplines des sciences cognitives dans l’étude de l’effet de pratique distribuéeHow information is repeated over time determines future recollection of this information. Studies in psychology revealed a distributed practice effect, that is, one retains information better when its occurrences are separated by long lags rather than by short lags. Our studies focused specifically on cases in which items were repeated upon several days. We compared the efficiency of three different temporal schedules of repetitions: A uniform schedule that consisted in repetitions occurring with equal intervals, an expanding schedule that consisted in repetitions occurring with longer and longer intervals, and a contracting schedule that consisted in repetitions occurring with shorter and shorter intervals. In Experiments 1 and 2, the learning phase lasted one week and the retention interval lasted two days. It was shown that the expanding and uniform schedules were more efficient than the contracting schedule. In Experiment 3, the learning phase lasted two weeks and the retention interval lasted 2, 6, or 13 days. It was shown that the superiority of the expanding schedule over the other two schedules appeared gradually when the retention interval increased, suggesting that different schedules yielded different forgetting rates. We also tried to test major theories of the distributed practice effect, such as the encoding variability (Experiment 4) and the study-phase retrieval (Experiment 2) theories. Our results appeared to be consistent with the study-phase retrieval theory. We concluded our dissertation by emphasizing the importance of considering findings from other areas in cognitive science–especially neuroscience and computer science–in the study of the distributed practice effect
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Aureliano, Lívia Ferreira Godinho. "Os efeitos do tempo de exposição do sujeito às atividades sem reforço programado sobre a efetividade do desempenho em esquema temporal de reforçamento." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2008. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16823.
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This study investigated the effects of duration exposure to activities without programmed reinforcers on performance under a temporal schedule of reinforcement. Two other questions guided this study: (a) Are there any changes in the patterns of activities that occur without programmed reinforcers dependent on the duration of exposure to these activities? (b) What would be the effect of the duration of this exposure over responding under a DRL schedule of reinforcement when subjects are placed in a standard operant chamber without access to other activities? Subjects were 4 male food deprived rats and 2 chambers were used: a standard operant chamber (1 compartment with lever and food recipient) and a 7 compartment chamber (activity chamber) in which subjects could engage on different activities: as bar pressing, eating, drinking, wood-chewing, and running. Bar presses were reinforced with food according to a DRL schedule that varied from 5 to 10 to 21s, but 2 subjects were exposed to this schedule on the standard chamber and the others on the activity chamber. Experimental sessions lasted 2 hours and bar presses, reinforce deliveries, and compartments visited were recorded. Results indicated performances in teach environment when DRL 10s or higher was in effect. On DRL 10s response and reinforcer rates and percentage of reinforced responses were higher, and time between reinforcements was lower for subjects on the standard chamber. In DRL 21s, however, these measures were reversed, suggesting that the availability of other activities could facilitate the acquisition and maintenance of performance on higher values DRL. There was indication of an increase on the percentage of reinforced bar pressing responses as a function of time of exposure to the experimental contingency in each session for all subjects. There were no significant differences on the percentages of reinforced responses of subjects on the standard or activity chamber box as a function of successive experimental sessions. However, percentages of reinforced responses were lower for subjects in the standard chamber at the beginning of the first sessions on each DRL value. Sequences of compartment visits, that seemed to be patterns were identified and the beginning of this patterns coincided with the increased effectiveness of the bar pressing responses. Results are discussed taking into account the differences between the criteria used in studies reported on the literature. The possible roles of the activities on the performance submitted on DRL schedules are also discussed
O presente estudo pretendeu investigar os efeitos do tempo de exposição dos sujeitos às atividades sem reforço programado sobre a efetividade do desempenho submetido a um esquema temporal de reforçamento. Duas outras perguntas nortearam o trabalho: (a) ocorreria alguma mudança nos padrões das atividades sem reforço programado em função do tempo de exposição a estas atividades? (b) qual o efeito do tempo de exposição aos diferentes valores do esquema DRL sobre o desempenho dos sujeitos na caixa padrão? Foram sujeitos 4 ratos machos, privados de alimento, que trabalharam em duas caixas experimentais, uma com 7 compartimentos nos quais havia a possibilidade de engajamento em atividades (pressionar a barra, comer, beber, roer madeira, correr na roda de atividades) e uma caixa operante padrão. As respostas de pressão à barra dos 4 sujeitos foram submetidas a um esquema DRL5s, 10 e 21s : 2 sujeitos foram expostos aos esquemas na caixa padrão e os outros dois na outra caixa. Todas as sessões experimentais tiveram a duração de 2 horas. Foram registradas as pressões à barra, os reforços obtidos e o tempo de permanência nos compartimentos. Os resultados indicaram que as maiores diferenças entre os desempenhos nos dois ambientes ocorreram a partir do DRL 10s, quando as taxas de respostas, de reforços e as porcentagens de respostas reforçadas foram maiores, e o tempo entre reforços foi menor para os sujeitos na caixa padrão. Em DRL 21s, no entanto, a situação se inverteu, sugerindo que a disponibilidade de outras atividades poderia facilitar a aquisição e adaptação do desempenho em valores mais altos do DRL. A análise dos efeitos do tempo de exposição à contingência em cada sessão sobre a efetividade da resposta de pressão à barra indicou que as porcentagens de respostas reforçadas aumentaram em função do tempo da sessão para os 4 sujeitos e não houve diferenças expressivas entre as porcentagens de respostas reforçadas ao longo das sessões experimentais. No entanto, para os sujeitos na caixa padrão, os percentuais alcançados no início das primeiras sessões em cada fase foram mais baixos do que para os sujeitos em ambiente aberto. Em relação ao padrão das atividades, uma seqüência de visita a compartimentos foi identificada e o início deste padrão coincidiu com o aumento da efetividade das respostas de pressão à barra. A discussão dos resultados leva em consideração as diferenças entre os critérios utilizados nos estudos relatados, além dos possíveis papéis das atividades sobre o desempenho submetido ao esquema de DRL
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Kose, Jenny Izumi. ""A organização do trabalho de taquígrafos parlamentares: um estudo sobre o desenvolvimento de LER/DORT (Lesões por esforços repetitivos/Distúrbios osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho)"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6134/tde-30012007-194810/.
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Objetivo: analisar a organização do trabalho no desenvolvimento das Lesões por Esforços Repetitivos/ Distúrbios Osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho - LER/DORT, em taquígrafos de ambos os sexos, de duas Casas Parlamentares na região metropolitana de São Paulo. Método: estudo qualitativo; os instrumentos de coleta utilizados foram: entrevista individual, observação do trabalho e questionário de saúde e trabalho, composto de questões de identificação, estilo de vida, dados ocupacionais e de morbidade e o Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares. Resultados: Identificaram-se fatores biomecânicos como prováveis causas de LER/DORT, tais como: manutenção de postura estática e movimentos repetitivos de digitação / manuseio de gravador; e aspectos da organização do trabalho, como por exemplo: divisão de tarefas por ciclos de tempo, pessoal reduzido, horários e pausas irregulares. Os taquígrafos relataram: exigências física, cognitiva, sensorial e psicológica do treinamento/ trabalho, pressão temporal, receio de errar, sobrecarga de trabalho nos períodos de pico e desgaste motivado pela disponibilidade integral de horários. Os trabalhadores identificaram como causas de LER/DORT: as dimensões temporal, ambiental, e da ação do trabalho, bem como aspectos individuais e condições fora do trabalho. Conclusões: (a) A taquigrafia parlamentar caracteriza-se pela fragmentação das tarefas, ritmo imposto e prazos rígidos, semelhante a uma linha de montagem; (b) aspectos da organização do trabalho podem influenciar a sobrecarga biomecânica e o aumento no tempo de exposição ao risco para LER/DORT entre taquígrafos; (c) para serem eficazes, medidas preventivas devem considerar os aspectos biomecânicos, bem como as características da organização do trabalho e a participação dos trabalhadores.Objective: to analyze some of the relevant aspects of work organization in the development of Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders- WRMSD among male and female shorthand typists, in two parliamentary institutions in the metropolitan area of the city of São Paulo. Method: qualitative study; the instruments used to collect data have been: individual interview, observation of the work and questionnaire of health and work, composed of identification, occupational and morbidity questions and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Results: Biomechanical factors such as the maintenance of static posture and the repetitive movements of typing / handling the voice recorder have been identified as probable WRMSD causes; as well as some aspects of work organization, such as: task division in time cycles, reduced staff, irregular schedules and breaks. The shorthand typists have spoken about: physical, cognitive, sensorial and psychological requirements of training/work, time pressure, fear of making mistakes, work overload in rush periods and strain caused by the full-time availability schedule. The workers have come up with WRMSK causes: time, environmental and action dimensions of their work, as well as individual aspects and extra-work conditions. Conclusions: (a) The parliamentary shorthand typing work is characterized by divided tasks, rigid work rhythm and deadlines, like a factory assembly-line; (b) several elements of work organization may influence the biomechanical overload and it may also increase the exposure to WRMSD risk among shorthand typists; (c) effective preventive measures must consider the biomechanical elements, as well as the aspects of organization of the work and workers participation.
Books on the topic "Temporal scheduler"
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Gao, Hong. Building robust schedules using temporal protection - an empirical study of constraint based scheduling under machine failure uncertainty. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1996.
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Authority, Massachusetts Bay Transportation. Health st. Loop - lechmere via Huntington ave. (temporary). 1990.
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Sullivan, Meghan. The Arbitrariness Argument (Again). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812845.003.0007.
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This chapter presents a non‐arbitrariness argument against future bias: (1) At any given time, a prudentially rational agent’s preferences are insensitive to arbitrary differences. (2) Being past rather than future is an arbitrary difference between events. (3) If you are future‐biased, your preferences are sensitive to when an event is scheduled relative to the present. (C) So, at any given time, future‐biased preferences are not rational. The chapter defends (2) by considering a variety of ways in which being past rather than future might be normatively significant. These include asymmetries in temporal properties, emotional reactions, attachment, control, andmetaphysical possibility. Thechapter argues that none of these asymmetries are normatively significant.
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Sullivan, Meghan. Time Biases. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812845.001.0001.
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You are time-biased if you have systematic preferences about when events happen. There are different varieties of time bias. Near-biased agents discount events as they are scheduled further in the future. Future-biased agents discount events because they have already occurred. This book argues that it is irrational to be time-biased. In the process it develops the theory of temporal neutrality for rational planning. The first part (Chapters 1–4) describes two arguments against near bias: one based on well-being and one based on arbitrariness. It also develops a theory of egoistic concern. The second part (Chapters 5–7) argues that structurally similar arguments can be mounted against future bias. In the process it diagnoses issues we have understanding and measuring past discounting. The final part (Chapters 8–11) explains why we are time-biased and shows how the theory of temporal neutrality can help us determine when to stick to our past commitments, how to value an afterlife, and how to discover meaning in life even if we cannot make a permanent difference in the world.
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de Bie, Robertus M. A. Beyond Tremor, Slowness, and Stiffness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190607555.003.0004.
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Parkinson’s disease may be accompanied by a variety of nonmotor symptoms, such as autonomic, cognitive, psychiatric, sensory, and sleep disorders. These may even precede the motor symptoms, and in a considerable proportion of patients nonmotor symptoms are the major determinant of disability, especially in the more advanced stages of the disease. The patient in this chapter is experiencing two nonmotor symptoms—pain and insomnia. If present, it should be determined whether nonmotor symptoms fluctuate, because many are worse in the “off” period. The most common cause for insomnia is untreated or undertreated nocturnal parkinsonism, which is very responsive to levodopa therapy. If a medical condition requiring further evaluation is excluded and a temporal relationship between pain and the medication schedule is recognized, the emphasis should be on adjusting dopaminergic medication accordingly.
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Zeppetella, Giovambattista. Clarifying the concept of breakthrough pain. Edited by Paul Farquhar-Smith, Pierre Beaulieu, and Sian Jagger. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834359.003.0054.
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The 1990 publication ‘Breakthrough pain: Definition, prevalence and characteristics’ was the first to study to describe breakthrough pain as a discrete pain state. Using the definition that ‘breakthrough pain is a transient increase in the intensity of moderate or severe pain, occurring in the presence of well-established baseline pain’ the authors interviewed 90 cancer pain patients and identified 51 types of breakthrough pain; these varied widely with respect to severity, location, temporal characteristics, relationship to scheduled analgesia, precipitating events, predictability, pathophysiology, aetiology, and palliative factors. As a result of Portenoy and Hagen’s survey, breakthrough pain has been studied as a discrete pain state for almost 30 years, and recognized as an important clinical problem in its own right. An increasing number of published studies exist, with ongoing debate about the breakthrough pain definition, pain assessment, and pain management.
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Szücs, Luca,. Occupational safety and health and the future of work in retail in the post-COVID-19 context. ILO, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54394/icgw1164.
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This brief explores the profound impact of recent technological advancements, climate crises and the COVID-19 pandemic on OSH within the retail and commerce value chain. The retail sector is witnessing an increase in contract work, temporary employment, irregular work schedules and platform workers. These transformations, coupled with the ongoing digitalization and widespread use of automated decisions and smart wearable technology in the sector, present new challenges, but also opportunities, when it comes to ensuring safety and health.In delving into those challenges, this brief not only identifies potential risks to retail workers’ safety and health but also highlights opportunities for overcoming them. It carefully examines the existing policy options that can pave the way towards safe and healthy work in the retail sector of the future. The analysis encompasses large retail chains as well as micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), in both the formal and informal economies, while emphasizing the diverse OSH challenges faced by workers and employers.
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Wickerson, Erica. The Architecture of Narrative Time. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793274.001.0001.
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Time matters to all of us. It dominates everyday discourse: diaries, schedules, clocks, working hours, opening times, appointments, weekdays and weekends, national holidays, religious festivals, birthdays, and anniversaries. But how do we, as unique individuals, subjectively experience time? The slowness of an hour in a boring talk, the swiftness of a summer holiday, the fleetingness of childhood, the endless wait for pivotal news: these are experiences to which we all can relate and of which we commonly speak. How can a writer not only report such experiences but also conjure them up in words so that readers share the frustration, the excitement, the anticipation, are on tenterhooks with a narrator or character, or in melancholic mourning for a time long since passed which we never experienced ourselves? This book suggests that the evocation of subjective temporal experience occurs in every sentence, on every page, at every plot turn, in any narrative. It offers a new template for understanding narrative time that combines close readings with analysis of the structural overview. It enables new ways of reading Thomas Mann, but also suggests new ways of conceptualizing narrative time in any literary work, not only in Mann’s fiction and not only in texts that foreground the narration of time. The range of Mann’s novels, novellas, and short stories is compared with other nineteenth- and twentieth-century works in German and in English to suggest a comprehensive approach to considering time in narrative.
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Lysack, Krista. Chronometres. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198836162.001.0001.
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What does it mean to feel time, to sense its passing along the sinews and nerves of the body as much as the synapses of the mind? And how do books, as material arrangements of print and paper, mediate such temporal experiences? Chronometres: Devotional Literature, Duration, and Victorian Reading is a study of the time-inflected reading practices of religious literature, the single largest market for print in Victorian Britain. It examines poetic cycles by John Keble, Alfred Tennyson, Christina Rossetti, and Frances Ridley Havergal; family prayer manuals, Sunday-reading books and periodicals; and devotional gift books and daily textbooks. Designed for diurnal and weekly reading, chronometrical literature tuned its readers’ attentions to the idea of Eternity and the everlasting peace of spiritual transcendence, but only in so far as it parcelled out reading into discrete increments that resembled the new industrial time-scales of factories and railway schedules. Chronometres thus takes up print culture, affect theory, and the religious turn in literary studies in order to explore the intersections between devotional practice and the condition of modernity. It argues that what defines Victorian devotional literature is the experience of its time signatures, those structures of feeling associated with its reading durations. For many Victorians, reading devotionally increasingly meant reading in regular portions and often according to the calendar and workday in contrast to the liturgical year. Keeping pace with the temporal measures of modernity, devotion became a routinized practice: a way of synchronizing the interior life of spirit with the exigencies of clock time. This kind of devotional observance coincided with the publication, between 1827 and 1890, of a diverse array of largely Protestant books and print that shared formal and material relationships to temporality. By dispensing devotion as daily or weekly doses of reading, chronometrical literature imagined and arranged time in relation to time’s materiality. But in so doing, it also left open temporal spaces that could be filled by readers, some of whom marked temporality through their own practices like annotation and scrapbooking, which publishers were then quick to emulate. Chronometrical literature likewise produced a host of embodied cognitions that could include moments of absorption but, equally, ones of boredom and mental drift. Such texts therefore did not necessarily discipline Victorian readers according to the demands of the clock or even of religious doctrine. For their regular yet malleable temporal arrangements also meant that readers might discover their own agencies and affects through encounters with print, such that devotional readers themselves came to participate in a reciprocal process of both reading and writing in time. Chronometres considers how the deliverances afforded through time-scaled reading are persistently materialized in the body, both that of the book and of the reader. Recognizing that literature and devotion are not timeless abstractions, it asks how the materiality of books, conceived as horological relationships through reading, might bring about the felt experience of time. Even as Victorian devotion invites us to tarry over the page, it also prompts the question: what if it is “Eternity” that keeps time with the clock?
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Taking Stock of Global Democratic Trends Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31752/idea.2020.66.
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This GSoD In Focus provides a brief overview of the global state of democracy at the end of 2019, prior to the outbreak of the pandemic, and assesses some of the preliminary impacts that the pandemic has had on democracy globally in 2020. Key findings include: • To address the COVID-19 pandemic, starting in March 2020, more than half the countries in the world (59 per cent) had declared a national state of emergency (SoE), enabling them to take drastic temporary (and in most cases necessary) measures to fight the pandemic. These measures have included in most cases temporarily curbing basic civil liberties, such as freedom of assembly and movement, and in some cases postponing elections. • International IDEA’s Global Monitor of COVID-19’s Impact on Democracy and Human Rights finds that more than half the countries in the world (61 per cent) had, by the end of November 2020, implemented measures to curb COVID-19 that were concerning from a democracy and human rights perspective. These violated democratic standards because they were either disproportionate, illegal, indefinite or unnecessary in relation to the health threat. • Concerning developments have been more common in countries that were already non-democratic prior to the pandemic (90 per cent) and less common, although still quite widespread, in democracies (43 per cent). • The democracies that have implemented democratically concerning measures are those that were already ailing before the pandemic. More than two-thirds were democracies that were either backsliding, eroding or weak prior to the pandemic. • Almost a year since the first outbreak of COVID-19, the pandemic seems to have deepened autocratization in most of the countries that were already non-democratic. However, in at least 3 of those countries (Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, Thailand), the pandemic has also tapped into existing simmering citizen discontent and may have been the tipping point in unleashing massive protest waves demanding democratic reform. The pandemic has also seemingly deepened democratic backsliding processes and exposed the democratic weakness and fragility of new or re-transitioned democracies (Malaysia, Mali, Myanmar, Sri Lanka). In a few cases, the pandemic has also exposed countries that showed no apparent sign of democratically ailing prior to the pandemic, but where concerning democratic developments have occurred during the pandemic and which risk seeing a significant deterioration in their democratic quality as a result (i.e. Argentina, El Salvador). • The aspects of democracy that have seen the most concerning developments during the pandemic are freedom of expression, media integrity, and personal integrity and security. However, the freedoms that have been restricted across most countries are freedom of movement and assembly. Another core democratic process that has been heavily affected by the pandemic is the electoral, with half the elections scheduled between February and December 2020 postponed due to the pandemic. • The pandemic has also shown democracy’s resilience and capacity for renovation. Innovation through accelerated digitalization has occurred across most regions of the world. And democratic institutions, such as parliaments, courts, electoral commissions, political parties, media and civil society actors, have fought back against attempts at executive overreach and democratic trampling or collaborated to ensure effective responses to the pandemic. The review of the state of democracy during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 uses qualitative analysis and data of events and trends in the region collected through International IDEA’s Global Monitor of COVID-19’s Impact on Democracy and Human Rights, an initiative co-funded by the European Union.
Book chapters on the topic "Temporal scheduler"
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Cyre, Walling. "Acquiring temporal knowledge from schedules." In Conceptual Graphs for Knowledge Representation, 328–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-56979-0_18.
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Wong-Toi, H., and D. Dill. "Synthesizing processes and schedulers from temporal specifications." In Computer-Aided Verification ’90, 177–86. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/dimacs/003/13.
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Eastman, C. I. "Bright Light in Work-Sleep Schedules for Shift Workers: Application of Circadian Rhythm Principles." In Temporal Disorder in Human Oscillatory Systems, 176–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72637-8_20.
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Reilly, James, and Maurizio Abate. "Scheduled connections: Managing temporal constraints on broadband network resources." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 425–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0056987.
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Eder, Johann. "Computing History-Dependent Schedules for Processes with Temporal Constraints." In Future Data and Security Engineering, 145–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35653-8_11.
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Rajan, S. Irudaya, Kunal Keshri, and Priya Deshingkar. "Understanding Temporary Labour Migration Through the Lens of Caste: India Case Study." In IMISCOE Research Series, 97–109. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34194-6_7.
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AbstractTemporary labour migration is known to be one of the most important livelihood options used by the poorest sectors of society in a variety of contexts, in developing countries, including India. Using large-scale data from the Indian National Sample Survey, 2007–2008, this chapter tries to explain the structure and flow of temporary labour migration, and its relationship with caste. The results suggest that the highest share of temporary labour migrants is found among rural to urban migrants (63%), and that there is a dominance of inter-state migration, particularly from the under-developed states of Bihar, Jharkhand, and Uttar Pradesh. Our analysis corroborates earlier studies and shows that temporary labour migration rates are higher at the national level among the most disadvantaged social groups, namely the Scheduled Tribes (STs) and the Scheduled Castes (SCs) (45 and 24 per 1000 respectively) compared to Other Backward Classes (19 per 1000) and Others (12 per 1000). Our analysis shows that temporary labour migration rates were twice as high among the poorest of the poor as any other caste group. The findings point to a strong link between caste and temporary migration in India.
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Johansson, Mikael, Mattias Roupé, and Mikael Viklund Tallgren. "Collaborative Site Layout Planning Using Multi-Touch Table and Immersive VR." In CONVR 2023 - Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality, 81–90. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0289-3.08.
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Building Information Modeling (BIM) is changing the way architects and engineers produce and deliver design results, and object-oriented 3D models are now starting to replace traditional 2D drawings during the construction phase. This allows for a number of applications to increase efficiency, such as quantity take-off, cost-estimation, and planning, but it also supports better communication and increased understanding at the construction site by means of detailed 3D models together with various visualization techniques. However, even in projects with a fully BIM-based design, there is one remaining part that is still done primarily using 2D drawings and sketches – the construction site layout plan. In addition to not take advantage of the benefits offered by 3D, it also makes it difficult to integrate site layout planning within the openBIM ecosystem. In this paper we present the design and evaluation of a user-friendly, IFC-compatible software system that supports collaborative, multi-user creation of construction site layout plans using both multi-touch table and immersive VR. By allowing temporary structures, machines, and other components to be easily added and updated it is possible to continuously produce and communicate 3D site layout plans that are aligned with the schedule and supports integration with other BIM-tools
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Johansson, Mikael, Mattias Roupé, and Mikael Viklund Tallgren. "Collaborative Site Layout Planning Using Multi-Touch Table and Immersive VR." In CONVR 2023 - Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality, 81–90. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/10.36253/979-12-215-0289-3.08.
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Building Information Modeling (BIM) is changing the way architects and engineers produce and deliver design results, and object-oriented 3D models are now starting to replace traditional 2D drawings during the construction phase. This allows for a number of applications to increase efficiency, such as quantity take-off, cost-estimation, and planning, but it also supports better communication and increased understanding at the construction site by means of detailed 3D models together with various visualization techniques. However, even in projects with a fully BIM-based design, there is one remaining part that is still done primarily using 2D drawings and sketches – the construction site layout plan. In addition to not take advantage of the benefits offered by 3D, it also makes it difficult to integrate site layout planning within the openBIM ecosystem. In this paper we present the design and evaluation of a user-friendly, IFC-compatible software system that supports collaborative, multi-user creation of construction site layout plans using both multi-touch table and immersive VR. By allowing temporary structures, machines, and other components to be easily added and updated it is possible to continuously produce and communicate 3D site layout plans that are aligned with the schedule and supports integration with other BIM-tools
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Ukil, Arijit. "Advanced Scheduling Schemes in 4G Systems." In Wireless Technologies, 2108–57. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61350-101-6.ch809.
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The deterministic factor for 4G wireless technologies is to successfully deliver high value services such as voice, video, real-time data with well defined Quality of Service (QoS), which has strict prerequisite of throughput, delay, latency and jitter. This requirement should be achieved with minimum use of limited shared resources. This constraint leads to the development and implementation of scheduling policy which along with adaptive physical layer design completely exploit the frequency, temporal and spatial dimensions of the resource space of multi-user system to achieve the best system-level performance. The basic goal for scheduling is to allocate the users with the network resources in a channel aware way primarily as a function of time and frequency to satisfy individual user’s service request delivery (QoS guarantee) and overall system performance optimization. Advanced scheduling schemes consider cross-layer optimization principle, where to fully optimize wireless broadband networks; both the challenges from the physical medium and the QoS-demands from the applications are to be taken into account. Cross-layer optimization needs to be accomplished by the design philosophy of jointly optimizing the physical, media access control, and link layer, while leveraging the standard IP network architecture. Cross-layer design approaches are critical for efficient utilization of the scarce radio resources with QoS provisioning in 4G wireless networks and beyond. The scheduler, in a sense, becomes the focal point for achieving any cross-layer optimization, given that the system design allows for this. The scheduler uses information from the physical layer up to the application layer to make decisions and perform optimization. This is a fundamental advantage over a system where the intelligence is distributed throughout the all entities of the network. In this chapter, the authors present an overview of the basic scheduling schemes as well as investigate advanced scheduling schemes particularly in OFDMA and packet scheduling schemes in all-IP based 4G systems. Game theoretic approach of distributed scheduling, which is of particular importance in wireless ad hoc networks, will also be discussed. 4G wireless networks are mostly MIMO based which introduces another degree of freedom for optimization, i.e. spatial dimension, for which scheduling in MIMO systems is very much complicated and computation intensive. MIMO resource allocation and scheduling is also covered in this chapter. The key research challenges in 4G wireless networks like LTE, WiMAX and the future research direction for scheduling problems in 4G networks are also presented in this chapter.
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Reid, Alliston K., and J. E. R. St Add On. "Mechanisms of schedule entrainment." In Neurobiology of Stereotyped Behaviour, 200–231. Oxford University PressOxford, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198521600.003.0008.
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Abstract If hungry rats are placed on a fixed-time (FT) schedule of food delivery in which food pellets are delivered every, say, 60 seconds independent of the rat’s behaviour, and if supporting apparatus such as a running wheel and a water dispenser are available, the sequence of the activities between food deliveries becomes strikingly stereotyped. Fig. 8.1 shows a second-by-second summary of an entire 45-min session for a rat on an FT 60-s schedule. Each row represents a single interfood interval, and each character or space represents one second of an activity. ‘F’ corresponds to ‘head-in-feeder’, ‘D’ to drinking, ‘R’ to wheel running, ‘C’ to chewing an oak block, blank spaces to unmeasured activities, and the lower case letters correspond to various inoperative levers in the apparatus. The ‘l’ in the first column is the number of food pellets beginning the interval, and the ‘60’ in the last column represents the duration of the interfood interval.When data are depicted in this format, the most striking aspect is the temporal entrainment of the various activities by food presentation. With few exceptions most interfood intervals contained a relatively stereotyped temporal pattern of activities: eating the food pellet, then drinking from the water spout, running in the wheel, and finally returning to the feeder area in anticipation of the next food delivery. But there is another striking aspect of these data.
Conference papers on the topic "Temporal scheduler"
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Uykan, Zekeriya. "A Temporal Round Robin Scheduler." In 2008 IEEE 68th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2008-Fall). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vetecf.2008.393.
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Zou, Xingliang, Albert M. K. Cheng, Yu Li, and Yu Jiang. "A Temporal Partition-Based Linux CPU Scheduler." In 2014 IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC), 2014 IEEE 6th International Symposium on Cyberspace Safety and Security (CSS) and 2014 IEEE 11th International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems (ICESS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hpcc.2014.124.
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Teylo, Luan, Luciana Arantes, Pierre Sens, and Lucia Maria de A. Drummond. "A Bag-of-Tasks Scheduler Tolerant to Temporal Failures in Clouds." In 2019 31st International Symposium on Computer Architecture and High Performance Computing (SBAC-PAD). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sbac-pad.2019.00033.
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Marwaha, Sudeep, Mohit Gupta, Manisha Bansal, and Punam Bedi. "Semantic Web Enabled Resource Scheduler: An Approach Using Temporal Extensions to Ontologies." In International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Multimedia Applications (ICCIMA 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccima.2007.177.
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Cavallero, Sara, Nicol Sarcone Grande, Francesco Pase, Marco Giordani, Joseph Eichinger, Roberto Verdone, and Michele Zorzi. "A New Scheduler for URLLC in 5G NR IIoT Networks with Spatio-Temporal Traffic Correlations." In ICC 2023 - IEEE International Conference on Communications. IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icc45041.2023.10279558.
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Yun Niu and Guanzhong Dai. "Scheme of state feedback scheduler for the shared controller in remote control system with temporal QoS guarantee." In 2009 4th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciea.2009.5138346.
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Kasperovics, Romans, Michael H. Bohlen, and Johann Gamper. "Representing Public Transport Schedules as Repeating Trips." In 2008 15th International Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME '08). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/time.2008.26.
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Deb, Rohan, Meet Gandhi, and Shalabh Bhatnagar. "Schedule Based Temporal Difference Algorithms." In 2022 58th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing (Allerton). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/allerton49937.2022.9929388.
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Hwang, Chan-Soo, Wooyul Lee, and John M. Cioffi. "Randomized Scheduler for Temporally-Correlated Channels." In 2007 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2007.366462.
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Tsumoto, Shusaku, Shoji Hirano, and Haruko Iwata. "Temporal Data Mining for Nursing Schedule Management." In 2012 3rd International Conference on Innovations in Bio-Inspired Computing and Applications (IBICA). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ibica.2012.64.
Full textReports on the topic "Temporal scheduler"
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Haeckel, Matthias, and Peter Linke. RV SONNE Fahrtbericht/Cruise Report SO268 - Assessing the Impacts of Nodule Mining on the Deep-sea Environment: NoduleMonitoring, Manzanillo (Mexico) – Vancouver (Canada), 17.02. – 27.05.2019. GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/geomar_rep_ns_59_20.
Full textAbstract:
Cruise SO268 is fully integrated into the second phase of the European collaborative JPI-Oceans project MiningImpact and is designed to assess the environmental impacts of deep-sea mining of polymetallic nodules in the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCZ). In particular, the cruise aimed at conducting an independent scientific monitoring of the first industrial test of a pre-protoype nodule collector by the Belgian company DEME-GSR. The work includes collecting the required baseline data in the designated trial and reference sites in the Belgian and German contract areas, a quantification of the spatial and temporal spread of the produced sediment plume during the trials as well as a first assessment of the generated environmental impacts. However, during SO268 Leg 1 DEME-GSR informed us that the collector trials would not take place as scheduled due to unresolvable technical problems. Thus, we adjusted our work plan accordingly by implementing our backup plan. This involved conducting a small-scale sediment plume experiment with a small chain dredge to quantify the spatial and temporal dispersal of the suspended sediment particles, their concentration in the plume as well as the spatial footprint and thickness of the deposited sediment blanket on the seabed.
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Brown, Candace, Chudney Williams, Ryan Stephens, Jacqueline Sharp, Bobby Bellflower, and Martinus Zeeman. Medicated-Assisted Treatment and 12-Step Programs: Evaluating the Referral Process. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0013.
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Purpose/Background Overdose deaths in the U.S. from opioids have dramatically increased since the COVID-19 pandemic. Although medicated-assisted treatment (MAT) programs are widely available for sufferers of opiate addiction, many drop out of treatment prematurely. Twelve-step programs are considered a valuable part of treatment, but few studies have examined the effect of combining these approaches. We aimed to compare abstinence rates among patients receiving MAT who were referred to 12-step programs to those only receiving MAT. Methods In this prospective study, a cohort of participants from a MAT clinic agreeing to attend a 12-step program was compared to 15 controls selected from a database before project implementation. Eligible participants were diagnosed with OUD, receiving buprenorphine (opiate agonist), and at least 18. Participants were provided with temporary sponsors to attend Narcotics Anonymous, Alcoholics Anonymous, and Medication-Assisted Recovery meetings together. The primary endpoint was the change in positive opiate urine drug screens over 6 months between participants and controls. Results Between March 29, 2021, and April 16, 2021, 166 patients were scheduled at the clinic. Of those scheduled, 146 were established patients, and 123 were scheduled for face-to-face visits. Of these, 64 appeared for the appointment, 6 were screened, and 3 were enrolled. None of the participants attended a 12-step meeting. Enrollment barriers included excluding new patients and those attending virtual visits, the high percentage of patients who missed appointments, and lack of staff referrals. The low incidence of referrals was due to time constraints by both staff and patients. Implications for Nursing Practice Low enrollment limited our ability to determine whether combining medication management with a 12-step program improves abstinence. Failure to keep appointments is common among patients with OUD, and virtual meetings are becoming more prevalent post-COVID. Although these factors are unlikely to be controllable, developing strategies to expedite the enrollment process for staff and patients could hasten recruitment.
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Ruschau and Tossey. L52209 Application of Repair Coatings to Wet Surfaces. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), June 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010377.
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The field application of pipeline repair and rehabilitation coatings can be greatly dependent upon the ambient conditions on the day of the scheduled repair. In some cases, such as the application of FBE at girth welds, temporary shelters can be built over the girth weld area to protect pipe from the elements. However, for the majority of pipeline applications, coatings must be applied to a pipe surface that is not optimized for coating application. Specifically, pipelines which are in service during the repair coating operation will be at the temperature of the product flowing through them regardless of the ambient temperature. This poses a very large problem when the temperature of the pipeline is below the dew point of the ambient air, because condensation will occur continuously on the pipe surface. The objective of this work was to determine the performance implications of applying pipeline repair coatings to wet or damp surfaces. Six liquid repair coatings were applied to steel substrates with varying degrees of surface wetness. Three coatings were standard epoxies; three were specially formulated for wet surface tolerance. The coatings were tested for cathodic disbondment resistance, mechanical strength, and how each coating interacts with water during curing. FTIR and DSC analysis of each coating when mixed and cured in wet conditions (water added to the mix) showed no evidence of water interacting with the coating and changing the chemical structure or the chemical properties. Thus it was concluded that the wet surface tolerant coatings, while manufacturers may claim that they were formulated to absorb and accommodate water, in reality just have a better ability to displace water than standard repair coatings.
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Kull, Kathleen, Craig Young, Jennifer Haack-Gaynor, Lloyd Morrison, and Michael DeBacker. Problematic plant monitoring protocol for the Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network: Narrative, version 2.0. National Park Service, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293355.
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Problematic species, which include invasive, exotic, and harmful species, fragment native ecosystems, displace native plants and animals, and alter ecosystem function. In National Parks, such species negatively affect park resources and visitor enjoyment by altering landscapes and fire regimes, reducing native plant and animal habitat, and increasing trail maintenance needs. Recognizing these challenges, Heartland Inventory and Monitoring (I&M) Network parks identified problematic plants as the highest-ranking vital sign across the network. Given the need to provide early detection of potential problematic plants (ProPs) and the size of network parks, the Heartland I&M Network opted to allocate available sampling effort to maximize the area searched. With this approach and the available sampling effort in mind, we developed realistic objectives for the ProP monitoring protocol. The monitoring objectives are: 1. Create a watch list of ProPs known to occur in network parks and a watch list of potential ProPs that may invade network parks in the future, and occasionally update these two lists as new information is made available. 2. Provide early detection monitoring for all ProPs on the watch lists. 3. Search at least 0.75% and up to 40% of the reference frame for ProP occurrences in each park. 4. Estimate/calculate and report the abundance and frequency of ProPs in each park. 5. To the extent possible, identify temporal changes in the distribution and abundance of ProPs known to occur in network parks. ProP watch lists are developed using the best available and most relevant state, regional, and national exotic plant lists. The lists are generated using the PriorityDB database. We designed the park reference frames (i.e., the area to be monitored) to focus on accessible natural and restored areas. The field methods vary for small parks and large parks, defined as parks with reference frames less than and greater than 350 acres (142 ha), respectively. For small parks, surveyors make three equidistant passes through polygon search units that are approximately 2-acres (0.8 ha) in size. For large parks, surveyors record each ProP encountered along 200-m or 400-m line search units. The cover of each ProP taxa encountered in search units is estimated using the following cover scale: 0 = 0, 1 = 0.1-0.9 m2, 2 = 1-9.9 m2, 3 = 10-49.9 m2, 4 = 50-99.9 m2, 5 = 100-499.9 m2, 6 = 499.9-999.9 m2, and 7 = 1,000-4,999.9 m2. The field data are managed in the FieldDB database. Monitoring is scheduled to revisit most parks every four years. The network will report the results to park managers and superintendents after completing ProP monitoring.