Books on the topic 'Temporal Phases'
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1
Åhas, Rein. Spatial and temporal variability of phenological phases in Estonia. Tartu: Tartu University Press, 1999.
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2
Surkova, Galina. Atmospheric chemistry. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1079840.
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The textbook contains material corresponding to the course of lectures on atmospheric chemistry prepared for students studying meteorology and climatology. The basic concepts of atmospheric chemistry are given, its gaseous components, as well as aerosols and chemical processes related to their life cycles, which are important from the point of view of the formation of the radiation, temperature and dynamic regime of the atmosphere, as well as its pollution, are considered. The main regularities of the transport of impurities in the atmosphere and the role of processes of different spatial and temporal scales in this process are presented. The concept of approaches of varying degrees of complexity used to model the transport of matter in the atmosphere, taking into account its chemical transformations, is presented. The processes in the gaseous and liquid phases that affect the chemical composition and acidity of clouds and precipitation are described. Modern methods of using information about the concentration and state of chemical compounds, including their radioactive and stable isotopes, to obtain information about the meteorological regime of the atmosphere in the present and past are considered.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of higher educational institutions studying in the field of training "Hydrometeorology".
3
Sim, Edmund Joseph. The application of monaural phase sensitivity testing to the study of temporally-based hearing mechanisms. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1991.
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4
Mazo, Aleksandr, and Konstantin Potashev. The superelements. Modeling of oil fields development. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1043236.
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This monograph presents the basics of super-element modeling method of two-phase fluid flows occurring during the development of oil reservoir. The simulation is performed in two stages to reduce the spatial and temporal scales of the studied processes. In the first stage of modeling of development of oil deposits built long-term (for decades) the model of the global dynamics of the flooding on the super-element computational grid with a step equal to the average distance between wells (200-500 m). Local filtration flow, caused by the action of geological and technical methods of stimulation, are modeled in the second stage using a special mathematical models using computational grids with high resolution detail for the space of from 0.1 to 10 m and time — from 102 to 105 C.
The results of application of the presented models to the solution of practical tasks of development of oil reservoir. Special attention is paid to the issue of value transfer in filtration-capacitive properties of the reservoir, with a detailed grid of the geological model on the larger grid reservoir models.
Designed for professionals in the field of mathematical and numerical modeling of fluid flows occurring during the development of oil fields and using traditional commercial software packages, as well as developing their own software. May be of interest to undergraduate and graduate students studying in areas such as "Mechanics and mathematical modeling", "Applied mathematics", "Oil and gas".
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Birkenholtz, Jessica Vantine. The Making of Modern Hinduism in Medieval Nepal. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199341160.003.0004.
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Chapter 4 focuses on the first two of three key phases in the development of the Svasthānīvratakathā textual-narrative tradition in which select stories culled from the Sanskrit Purāna corpus were woven into the “original” fabric of the Svasthānī narrative. The beginning of the text’s Purānicization, or transformation from local vrat kathā to authoritative Purāna text, occurred between the mid-eighteenth and early nineteenth century. It is during this period that the Svasthānīvratakathā domesticated the Shiva-Satī Devī-Daksha Prajāpati narrative cycle and the Madhu-Kaitabha creation story. These narratives expanded the geographical, temporal, and ideological parameters of the Svasthānī tradition in a manner that articulated and reinforced Nepal’s emergent identity as a united Hindu kingdom.
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Sedelmeier, Ulrich. 17. Enlargement. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780199689675.003.0017.
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This chapter examines the main phases of the European Union’s enlargement policy process — association, pre-accession, and accession — and the key decisions involved in each of these stages, how they are made, and how policy practice has evolved over time. It first considers the EU rules, procedures, and policy for the accession of new members before discussing association agreements, a long-standing instrument for the EU’s external relations: these include the European Economic Area agreement, Europe agreements, and stabilization and association agreements. It then explores enlargement as a tool of foreign policy and external governance as well as the development of the EU’s accession conditionality. It concludes with an assessment of the EU’s ‘enlargement fatigue’ after the 2007 enlargement and the limits of the success of accession conditionality, both temporal and geographical.
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Eiselt, B. Sunday. Vecino Archaeology and the Politics of Play in New Mexico, USA. Edited by Sally Crawford, Dawn M. Hadley, and Gillian Shepherd. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199670697.013.21.
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In the discussion that follows, I explore the effects of modernity on Hispano (Vecino) children on the Ranchos de Taos Plaza in northern New Mexico (United States of America) from the late 1800s American invasion of the Southwest up to the present infiltration of the village by tourists and travellers. Data are derived from archaeological excavations and survey at two households in the St Francis of Assisi Parish that have been continuously occupied by one extended family, the Tafoyas, for more than a century. The temporal distributions of toys and other childcare products are charted and related to major social changes in the village over four successive phases; Village, Vintage, Retro, and Contemporary. The potential influence of globalization and modernity on children’s lives and identities is revealed within the context of this largely indigenous and Spanish-speaking community.
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Peters, Alan R. Oliver & Daniel - Return to Netherworld: The Temporal Phase Shift Adjuster. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2012.
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9
Sterelny, Kim. The Pleistocene Social Contract. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197531389.001.0001.
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No human now gathers for himself or herself the essential resources for life: food, shelter, clothing and the like. Humans are obligate co-operators, and this has been true for tens of thousands of years; probably much longer. In this regard, humans are very unusual. In the living world more generally, cooperation outside the family is rare. Though it can be very profitable, it is also very risky, as cooperation makes an agent vulnerable to incompetence and cheating. This book presents a new picture of the emergence of cooperation in our lineage, developing through four fairly distinct phases. Our trajectory began from a baseline that was probably fairly similar to living great apes, who cooperate, but in fairly minimal ways. As adults, they rarely depend on others when the outcome really matters. This book suggests that cooperation began to be more important for humans through an initial phase of cooperative foraging generating immediate returns from collective action in small mobile bands. This established in our lineage about 1.8 million years ago, perhaps earlier. Over the rest of the Pleistocene, cooperation became more extended in its social scale, with forms of cooperation between bands gradually establishing, and in spatial and temporal scale too, with various forms of reciprocation becoming important. The final phase was the emergence of cooperation in large scale, hierarchical societies in the Holocene, beginning about 12,000 years ago. This picture is nested in a reading of the archaeological and ethnographic record, and twinned to an account of the gradual elaboration of cultural learning in our lineage, making cooperation both more profitable and more stable.
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Post, Robert M. The Neurochemistry and Epigenetics of PTSD. Edited by Frederick J. Stoddard, David M. Benedek, Mohammed R. Milad, and Robert J. Ursano. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190457136.003.0014.
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This chapter reviews the neurochemistry and epigenetics of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Traditional views of the neurochemistry of PTSD focus on alterations in classical central nervous system neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine and pathological reactivity in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and these are only briefly noted here. Instead, the chapter emphasizes a series of new conceptualizations and neurochemical data that have recently been elucidated. One is the recognition of the symptoms and neurobiology of PTSD as a moving target, being very different in different stages of illness evolution. Differences are apparent in the neurochemistry involved in early life stressor-related vulnerabilities to PTSD, the acute stress reaction, compensation and resolution phases, or ongoing chronicity with sleep disturbance, nightmares, flashbacks, hyperarousal, and dulling and depression. The neurochemical abnormalities vary as a function of this temporal unfolding and the common acquisition and progression of comorbid syndromes of alcohol and substance abuse.
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Reissman, Dori B., Maryann M. D’Alessandro, Lisa Delaney, and John Piacentino. Protecting Disaster Rescue and Recovery Workers. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190662677.003.0034.
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This chapter describes disaster worker protection strategies and health surveillance activities in terms of temporal phases to address disaster safety management before, during, and after a disaster event. The protective strategies discussed in the chapter integrate assessments of on-scene hazards and health or safety impacts and require pre-event planning and coordination across multiple entities. The chapter also addresses the integration of physical, psychological and behavioral health approaches. The chapter addresses the complexities of hazard assessment and control, worker education and training, worker illness and injury surveillance, and access to healthcare services, along with a box on community preparedness. These activities are performed by diverse groups of occupational and environmental health professionals. Various illustrative examples are presented to describe how basic concepts of protection and medical evaluation are applied in specific situations. The U.S. federal system for protecting disaster rescue and recovery workers is described in detail.
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Stiller, Birgit, Ulrich Seyfarth, and Gerd Leuchs. Temporal and spectral properties of quantum light. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198768609.003.0004.
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This chapter starts from the classical optics description of a light field and its spectral densities, their measurement, and their interpretation, and discusses how these aspects are related to the quantum properties of a single light mode. It reviews ways to measure these quantum properties. Emphasis is placed on Gaussian states of a light mode, i.e. states for which the Wigner function has a two-dimensional Gaussian shape. The discussion continues with a description of more than one mode, and a unifying approach to quadratic Hamiltonians is presented, including phase conjugation, which is related to time reversal.
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T, Herlihy A., United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Research and Development, and Utah State University, eds. Temporal variability in lakewater chemistry in the northeastern United States: Results of phase II of the eastern lake survey. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 1990.
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14
Mather, George. Two-Stroke Apparent Motion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0073.
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“Two-stroke” apparent motion is a powerful illusion of directional motion generated by alternating just two animation frames, which occurs when a brief blank interframe interval is inserted at alternate frame transitions. This chapter discusses this illusion, which can be explained in terms of the receptive field properties of motion-sensing neurons in the human visual system. The temporal response of these neurons contains both an excitatory phase and an inhibitory phase; when the timing of the interframe interval just matches the switch in response sign, the illusion occurs. Concepts covered in this chapter include four-stroke as well as two-stroke apparent motion, motion aftereffect, and motion detection.
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Congendo, Marco, and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva. Event-Related Potentials. Edited by Donald L. Schomer and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0039.
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Event-related potentials (ERPs) can be elicited by a variety of stimuli and events in diverse conditions. This chapter covers the methodology of analyzing and quantifying ERPs in general. Basic models (additive, phase modulation and resetting, potential asymmetry) that account for the generation of ERPs are discussed. The principles and requirements of ensemble time averaging are presented, along with several univariate and multivariate methods that have been proposed to improve the averaging procedure: wavelet decomposition and denoising, spatial, temporal and spatio-temporal filtering. We emphasize basic concepts of principal component analysis, common spatial pattern, and blind source separation, including independent component analysis. We cover practical questions related to the averaging procedure: overlapping ERPs, correcting inter-sweep latency and amplitude variability, alternative averaging methods (e.g., median), and estimation of ERP onset. Some specific aspects of ERP analysis in the frequency domain are surveyed, along with topographic analysis, statistical testing, and classification methods.
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Dieter, Fleck. Part V Case Studies, 41 The Law of Stationing Forces in Germany: Six Decades of Multilateral Cooperation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198808404.003.0041.
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This chapter describes the different phases of legal regulation of the stationing of visiting forces in Germany until today. World War II has led to the stationing of a large number of foreign forces, first as occupiers but soon as allies playing an active role in the maintenance of external security. When occupation was terminated in 1955, there were Soviet forces in the German Democratic Republic and forces from six permanent Sending States in the Federal Republic of Germany. In addition, in both German States further Allies, too, were hosted on a temporary basis. In this context, the chapter assesses both the right to stay in the country (jus ad praesentiam) and the status regulation (jus in praesentia).
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Denecke, Wiebke, and Nam Nguyen. Shared Literary Heritage in the East Asian Sinographic Sphere. Edited by Wiebke Denecke, Wai-Yee Li, and Xiaofei Tian. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199356591.013.33.
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This chapter traces the origins and nature of the shared literary heritage in the East Asian “Sinographic Sphere,” namely China, Korea, Japan, and Vietnam, focusing on developments before the early modern period, in keeping with the temporal and thematic scope of this handbook. It explores modes of cross-cultural communication and textual culture conditioned by the Chinese script, including gloss-reading techniques, “brush talk,” and biliteracy; surveys shared political and social institutions and literary practices, sustained by the flourishing book trade; and touches on the rise of vernacular literatures, the dynamic between Literary Chinese and local vernaculars, and the role of women. With the recent death of Literary Chinese as the lingua franca of East Asia we are facing a new phase in world history. The Chinese-style literatures of East Asia point to cultural commonalities and tell stories of creative engagement with Chinese literary history that offer insights about Chinese literature.
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DeJonge, Michael P. The Directly Political Word of the Church. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824176.003.0008.
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This chapter continues the examination of Bonhoeffer’s first phase of resistance through exposition of “The Church and the Jewish Question,” presenting the second kind of word-resistance, the directly political word of the church (type 4). It is this type of resistance that Bonhoeffer describes as “jam[ming] a spoke in the wheel itself” or “seiz[ing] the wheel itself.” The necessity for this directly political word arises when the state “unscrupulously” governs with “too little” or “too much” order. The logic of this word is best captured by what Bonhoeffer elsewhere calls a concrete commandment. This is the church’s temporary intervention into the political exercise of the law, which under normal conditions would fall under the authority of the properly functioning state.
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Weninger, Bernhard, and Lee Clare. 6600–6000 cal BC Abrupt Climate Change and Neolithic Dispersal from West Asia. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199329199.003.0003.
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Recent advances in palaeoclimatological and meteorological research, combined with new radiocarbon data from western Anatolia and southeast Europe, lead us to formulate a new hypothesis for the temporal and spatial dispersal of Neolithic lifeways from their core areas of genesis. The new hypothesis, which we term the Abrupt Climate Change (ACC) Neolithization Model, incorporates a number of insights from modern vulnerability theory. We focus here on the Late Neolithic (Anatolian terminology), which is followed in the Balkans by the Early Neolithic (European terminology). From high-resolution 14C-case studies, we infer an initial (very rapid) west-directed movement of early farming communities out of the Central Anatolian Plateau towards the Turkish Aegean littoral. This move is exactly in phase (decadal scale) with the onset of ACC conditions (~6600 cal BC). Upon reaching the Aegean coastline, Neolithic dispersal comes to a halt. It is not until some 500 years later—that is, at the close of cumulative ACC and 8.2 ka cal BP Hudson Bay cold conditions—that there occurs a second abrupt movement of farming communities into Southeast Europe, as far as the Pannonian Basin. The spread of early farming from Anatolia into eastern Central Europe is best explained as Neolithic communities’ mitigation of biophysical and social vulnerability to natural (climate-induced) hazards.
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Power, Sally, ed. Civil Society through the Lifecourse. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447354833.001.0001.
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This edited collection explores the temporal dimensions of civil society through examining how different lifecourse stages and events trigger or hinder engagement with civil society. There is increasing concern about declining levels of participation, and fears that young people today are far less civically engaged than older generations. Some believe that an already-weakened civil society looks set to enter a phase of terminal decline. However, these gloomy predictions do not consider the possibility not only that the nature of civic engagement may be changing, but that participation may wax and wane over the lifecourse. Drawing on a range of empirical data, including cross-sectional analyses, longitudinal data and interviews, this book investigates not changing levels of engagement, and the shifting priorities of citizens as they manage the contingencies of career, family and old age. Largely chronological in organisation, this book explores civic participation over the lifecourse – from school to later life. The book includes chapters on young people’s civil and political participation and the role of universities in promoting civic engagement. It also examines the challenges of parenthood and grandparenthood – as well as the opportunities for volunteering in later life. Finally, the examines how older people balance the competing claims of charities and family when thinking about their legacy.
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Alram-Stern, Eva, Kostas Gallis, and Giorgos Toufexis. Platia Magoula Zarkou The Neolithic Period. Environment, Stratigraphy and Architecture, Chronology, Tools, Figurines and Ornaments. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/978oeaw90363.
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The publication presents the excavation of the Neolithic settlement strata of the tell Platia Magoula Zarkou, situated in the Peneios Plain in Western Thessaly (Greece). The tell is characterized by an uninterrupted settlement sequence which, according to the radiocarbon data, dates to the 6th millennium BC and includes the Middle Neolithic and early Late Neolithic of Greece. Geological and geophysical analyses situate the tell in its natural environment. They show that during the Neolithic period, this part of the Peneios Valley was characterized by a temporary lake, the settlement being situated on the bank of a narrow gulf. The tell was surrounded by ditches which clearly defined the settlement area. Based on the stratigraphy and building development, the radiocarbon data, the tools, the ritual objects – including the well-known house model – as well as the ornaments, the cultural development and change during this period are analysed. The nine building phases show an alternation of built and unbuilt areas. Clear change is seen in the character of the finds from the late Middle Neolithic onwards, which inter alia is evident in the use of raw materials as well as the connected acquisition network. The house model is interpreted as a symbol of a buried household, the figurines as its inhabitants, being characterized by special roles in this household.