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Gould, Rachael, Sara Regio Candeias, and Anton Valkov. "How to Apply the Templates for Sustainable Product Development : Support for Sustainability Practitioners." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2462.
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The Templates for Sustainable Product Development (TSPD) is a tool for sustainability practitioners to assist product development teams with bringing sustainability considerations to the early phases of product development in a strategic, quick and resource-efficient way. This thesis project builds on the earlier TSPD work by investigating the ways in which sustainability practitioners could apply the TSPD in order to improve the outcomes. The factors influencing the quality of the outcomes of a TSPD application were investigated. Then, support was developed for use by sustainability practitioners to address these factors. This support was field tested and refined in four iterations. It was discovered that achieving high quality outcomes from a TSPD application is dependent on having both high quality strategic sustainable product development content and high quality facilitation of the people considering this content. The quality of both content and facilitation influences the participants’ level of engagement, which influences the quality of the outcomes of the TSPD application. The support was developed such that it assists sustainability practitioners in addressing both content and facilitation through a participatory approach. There is some evidence that use of the developed support contributed to both high level of participants’ engagement and high quality outcomes of the TSPD applications.Blog at http://sustainableproductdevelopment.blogspot.se/
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Olivier, Hervé-Bazin, Iacovino Carlo, and Ren Hanzi. "Applying the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development to Water management." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för maskinteknik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3817.
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A strategic management of water is integral for any society aiming at moving towards sustainability. This thesis aims to provide a common understanding of how water management should be considered within sustainability constraints, using ‘backcasting’ from basic sustainability principles as a compass. With a common language, a constructive dialogue is then possible to unify all stakeholders to move together towards sustainability. To answer the research question “How can an interaction with water stakeholders be strategically developed to progress toward the service of water in a sustainable society”, a methodology based on Sustainability Life Cycle Assessment, the Template for Sustainable Product Development and Multi-Stakeholder Platforms has been utilised within one domestic and one industrial water user case study in Blekinge, Southern Sweden. In this locality, water is regarded as abundant in volume. Yet it was revealed that what is consumed by society is not water as such; but the purity of water. Within this context, opportunities to move towards sustainability have arisen and the case study organizations were able to utilise improvements in reporting and operations. Economic activity such as new infrastructure, pollutant trading schemes and product accreditation are amongst the many concepts identified as potential steps towards the service of water in a sustainable society.
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Davis, Kim, Changkun Shen, and Aymeric Maratea. "Contributing to a Transition towards a Sustainable Society : Education Matters." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3062.
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This research aims to shed insights and produce supportive tools to help stimulate the design of education programs. First a characterization of opportunities and challenges for education programs is given from a global sustainability standpoint. Second a characterization of what education programs may contain and take into account from a full sustainability standpoint, as an outline of education programs in a desired future at a principle level, is provided to help inspire purpose-led education services organizations. Third an outline of possible tools and strategies to help strategically close the gap between the current unsustainable state and the desired sustainable future is provided. A special focus is put on the Template for Sustainable Product Development (TSPD) process tool, originally used to help industries in their production chain, but here adapted as the “Sustainability Potential” Express Strategic Assessment for Education Programs to benefit education programs stakeholders. The authors also propose a set of three abilities acting in synergy: Creativity, “Knowledge Making” & “Open Values” (CKMOV) that are at the heart of Strategic Sustainable Development and thus may help form three equally vital pillars, which education programs may strategically take support from while helping society transition to a sustainable equilibrium.+86 13637758331
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Saha, Polin, Salman Ahmad, Ashfaq Abbasi, and Masood Khan. "Environmental Management Systems and Sustainability : Integrating Sustainability in Environmental Management Systems." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3228.
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To check rapidly deteriorating environmental conditions, many management tools are being used by different industries. In order to address environmental issues the corporate sector has seen a drastic increase in the use of environmental management systems. There is strong need to check how these environmental management systems are rendering environmental management services. Research shows that environmental management systems are mistakenly expected to prescribe technical and environmental objectives. Without describing what goals an organization must achieve, they lay out a system for management of numerous environmental obligations. Hence environmental management systems are not strategic; they tend to reactively fix issues contingent upon their occurrence and may miss opportunities to avoid problems before they occur. Further, environmental management itself is seen in isolation of a socio-ecological context, which makes environmental management lose ground and operate in a virtual vacuum. Mostly environmental management is identified as an ’agenda’ which runs counter to the overall development of an organization. Provided, environmental management systems can be integrated with basic principles of sustainable development these management systems can be utilized as a launching pad to move organizations towards sustainability. Built to render the administrative services only through a mechanism of self regulation and continuous improvement, these management systems can be used to deliver sustainable product planning. The present study illustrates the possibilities for integration of sustainability objectives into environmental management systems. In our effort to integrate sustainability in environment management systems extensive literature reviews, interviews and a case study (Hammarplast AB) have been used. For the analysis of the current reality, a framework for strategic sustainable development and methods incorporating “backcasting from principles of sustainability” – i.e. templates for sustainable product development and strategic life cycle management – has been used. The use of tools not only illustrates contemporary sustainability gaps but also gives a concrete set of guidance to integrate sustainability in environmental management systems.
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Hallstedt, Sophie. "A Foundation for Sustainable Product Development." Doctoral thesis, Karlskrona : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Blekinge Institute of Technology, 2008. http://www.bth.se/fou/Forskinfo.nsf/allfirst2/767bf02d08e2de4cc1257442003d4593?OpenDocument.
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Holzbaur, U. D. "Sustainable development and product development - friend or foe?" Journal for New Generation Sciences, Vol 8, Issue 3: Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/569.
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Published ArticleSustainable development is the key issue for enabling the survival of human culture. Product development is sometimes seen as conflicting with the aims of sustainable development. This comes from a twofold impact: the production of new goods exploits scarce resources, and their use creates additional resource consumption and potential disparity. However, innovation and product development are important means to fulfil the needs of present and future generations and to achieve sustainable development. In this context, we must also consider the development of service products - classical services and product - related ones creating surplus value from physical products. The contribution of product development to sustainability will depend on the way sustainability issues are integrated into the development process. An important focus is on the early phases of product development and especially on the process of requirements analysis since this integrates all sustainability role players as potential stakeholders.
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Lu, Mei Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Multidimensional requirements analysis for sustainable product development." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41496.
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Product development is an essential component of a successful manufacturing business. As an interdisciplinary activity with several different actors, one of its aspects involves Product Environmental Performance considerations, and this is becoming an area where companies see opportunities for competition. In light of increasing pressures to adopt more sustainable approaches to product design and manufacture, the requirement to develop sustainable products is one of the key challenges facing manufacturing industry in the 21st century. Besides the Product Environmental Performance, there are three key requirements to be considered, which include Product Life Cycle Cost, Product Quality, and Product Lead Time. Product Life Cycle Cost and Product Quality are very traditional facets in decision-making in a design process. A product with low cost and high performance is always the objective in industry. For the last two decades, shortening the Product Lead Time to increase profits is another key requirement that has been adopted. Trade-offs among these four key requirements are necessary when choices have to be made between different alternatives. In this research, an integrated methodology is proposed to balance the environmental performance of a product against traditional design objectives, in the decision making process during the early design stage. Finally, a concept of product performance indicator was introduced to compare product design activities. In order to achieve this, a weighting system has been developed to assess the total performance of competing design alternatives. Later, this weighting system is integrated into a fuzzy model in order to compensate for the fuzziness in the available data. Additionally, the method is used to rank five important product development features, which are Technology Level of the Product, Speed of Technical Development, Product Life Cycle, Price Competitiveness, and Environmental Awareness, assisted by the weighting system. Finally, a total product performance concept is proposed in order to allow the user to carry out trade-off analysis between different design alternatives. Two case studies, which are a car sunroof and a mobile phone, were used to test the validity of the produce performance methodology proposed in this research.
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Durgin, Ron, and Scott Grierson. "Touchpoint : A Foundation for Sustainable Product Development." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för maskinteknik, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-5406.
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Much has been written on the subject of sustainable development and the urgent need for society to understand and address human impacts on socio-ecological systems. Emerging from this broad context, the concept of sustainable product development (SPD) represents an important strategy to steer human society towards sustainability. This thesis investigates strategies for integrating sustainability concepts, through organisational learning and stakeholder management, into a new product development tool entitled ‘Touchpoint’. Built on prior research, specifically Methods for Sustainable Product Development(MSPD) and Templates for Sustainable Product Development (TSPD), this could help to eliminate product development approaches that lead to reductionism and ensure that SPD is adopted rapidly and widely.
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Rota, Luca, Yanjun Zhou, and Svenja Paege. "Sustainable Product-Service System Design from a strategic sustainable development perspective." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för strategisk hållbar utveckling, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-18515.
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Although they lead to several potential sustainability benefits, product-service systems are not intrinsically sustainable. Therefore, this thesis investigates the factors designers should consider in order to ensure sustainable results. A systematic literature review on product-service system and sustainability is combined with three interviews with product-service system providers. The results are analysed through the application of the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development. The results of the systematic literature review show that there is no unified definition of sustainable product-service system and multiple approaches to address sustainability in product-service system design. By adopting the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development, a definition of sustainable product-service system and a list of design criteria are developed. This thesis suggests which overarching aspects product-service system designers should consider to integrate a strategic sustainability perspective. The outcome of this thesis supports designers in understanding what a sustainable product-service system could be and what elements it should embed. By combining the definition and the list of criteria, designers can apply a systematic and strategic approach to integrate sustainability in product-service system offerings.
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Davis, Kara, Pinar Öncel, and Qingqing Yang. "An Innovation Approach for Sustainable Product and Product-Service System Development." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2023.
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This thesis investigates the potential of User-Centered Design (UCD) and Agile to support Strategic Sustainable Development (SSD) practice in product and product-service system (PSS) design. UCD tools and concepts are used to support stakeholder and needs research. Agile provides process support for collaboration and resilience. SSD tools and concepts are used to define and work within the system boundaries for sustainability. All three practices are combined in an innovation approach that supports collaborative and cross-functional design teams as they develop products and PSS. Design teams using this approach will work to satisfy the needs of customers while considering the needs of all non-customer stakeholders and the ecosphere. The full-systems context emphasized in the approach will support innovation and encourage design teams to consider services as complements to, or substitutes for, physical products.
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Ny, Henrik. "Strategic Life-Cycle Modeling for Sustainable Product Development." Licentiate thesis, Karlskrona : Blekinge Institute of Technology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-00352.
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Decision makers are challenged by complex sustainability problems within the socio-ecological system. In response, a vast range of sustainability-related methods/tools have been developed, each focusing on certain aspects of this challenge. Without a unifying theory it is, however, unclear how these methods/tools can support strategic progress towards sustainability and how they relate to each other. This need for clarity and structure urged some sustainability pioneers to start develop an overarching framework for strategic sustainable development (SSD), often called “The Natural Step (TNS) framework”, from the NGO that has facilitated its development and application, or the “backcasting from sustainability principles (BSP) framework” from its main operational philosophy. The aim of this thesis is to study if, and in that case how, this framework can aid coordination and further development of various sustainability-related methods/tools, specifically to increase their capacity to support sustainable product development (SPD). Life-cycle assessment (LCA), “templates” for SPD and systems modeling and simulation (SMS) are the methods/tools in focus. A new strategic life-cycle management approach is presented, in which the main sustainability aspects, LCA “impacts”, are identified through socioecological sustainability principles. This creates new opportunities to avoid the reductionism that often follows from traditional system boundaries or from a focus on specific impacts. Ideas of how this approach can inform the studied tools are given. This may eventually lead to a whole integrated toolbox for SPD (a “Design Space”). As part of such a Design Space, a new “template” approach for SPD is developed. A case study of a sustainability assessment of TVs at the Matsushita Electric Group indicates that this approach can create a quick overview of critical sustainability aspects in the early part of the product development process and facilitate communication of this overview between top management, product developers, and other stakeholders. A potential integration between BSP and SMS is also discussed. It is suggested that this should start with BSP to create lists of critical presentday flows and practices, ideas of long term solutions and visions, and a first rough idea about prioritized early investments. After that, SMS should be applied to study the interrelationships between the listed items, in order to create more robust and refined analyses of the problems at hand, possible solutions and investment paths, while constantly coupling back to the sustainability principles and guidelines of the BSP framework. v Decision makers seem to need more of an overview and of simplicity around sustainability issues. A general conclusion is, however, that it is important that this is achieved without a loss of relevant aspects and their interrelations. Over-simplifications might lead to sub-optimized designs and investments paths. Combining the BSP framework with more detailed methods/tools seems to be a promising approach to finding the right balance and to get synergies between various methods/tools.
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Burgess, Jonathan Neil. "Sustainable automotive design : a holistic strategy for sustainable product and materials development." Thesis, Aston University, 2016. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/33111/.
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The manufacture of cars has a significant impact on the environment. Car manufacturing companies are focused on how to make cars more efficient, they are introducing composites into their manufacturing processes. This thesis discusses the literature surrounding sustainable design, sustainability in car design, the current state of car manufacture and the composite materials that could be used to create a sustainable vehicle. This study uses a novel Materials/Design/Manufacture approach - using a holistic strategy to develop the material, design and manufacture of a sustainable product. This project leads to the conclusion that natural fibre reinforced composites could be used to create a car which is fully sustainable. However, the material needs to be designed with the application in mind, will need to be applied in a new manner, and manufacturing processes need developing for this to become a viable prospect. The programme of how this will be achieved is set out as series of experiments, prototypes and materials tests. Finally, a process has been developed resulting in a novel material and manufacturing process for a front wishbone component on a sustainably designed urban passenger car, this represents a step forward in the use of natural fibres in composites.
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Jonsson, Johanna. "Reforming Consumption Habits Through Product Design : Design for Sustainable Development through prolonging product lifetime." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-44804.
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This study, that is a research and product development process, is based on sustainable development and the negative impacts of the growing consumption, and wear-and-tear habits of today’s society. The way we handle our resources, from mine to landfill cause devastating effects on the climate. LAST, is a multi-functional table made from wooden waste materials, that represents product design that allows the user to build a strong, long-lasting relationship with the product. The table is versatile, allows easy dismantling and incorporates qualities that create an incentive for the user to build an attachment to it to increase its lifetime. This has been done through applying different strategies within emotional design, product attachment and design for sustainability as well as applying knowledge within timeless design, aesthetic nourishment. The Japanese philosophy of Wabi Sabi has acted as inspiration to help navigate the projects design proposal that could allow for the user to appreciate their product for longer and indorse product longevity. The research question for the study is as follows: How can you promote product longevity by means of product design for sustainable development?
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Koski, Joakim, and Oscar Lindskogen. "Integrating Sustainability in Product Development : An Investigation of Drivers, Challenges, and Decision Support Tools for Sustainability Integration in the Early Phases of Product Development." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-166281.
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The purpose of this study was to increase the knowledge for both academia and practitioners on how to integrate sustainability aspects in product development by studying current research and comparing these findings to empirical material retrieved from an industrial company. Seco, which functioned as the case company of this study, was used as the source for the empirical data collection. The study used a deductive research approach, which implicates that the literature has steered the collection of the empirical material. In the literature, eight key drivers and seven challenges for sustainable product development were identified to be significantly important. The drivers were categorized as either internal or external for an organization and the challenges were all categorised as internal. Of these eight drivers, one internal and one external driver was identified at Seco to be particularly important. The internal driver was the corporate sustainability strategy from Sandvik Group, which is the corporation Seco is part of, and the external driver was upcoming and existing regulations. Moreover, all six challenges were found to be relevant for Seco. These were handling trade-off situations, short-term economic thinking, lack of information in early phases of product development, measuring sustainability, sustainability strategy remains at the strategic level, and perceived risk of implementing sustainability. This study also examined what attributes that are important in decision support tools to enable the integration of sustainability aspects in product development. To identify important attributes in this study, Seco’s current decision support tools at the strategic, tactical, and operational planning levels were analysed by putting the theoretical framework in relation to the empirical material. From the analysis, the initial seven attributes from the theoretical framework were complemented with the following five attributes identified as important: a top-down approach that focuses on integrating sustainability on all planning levels of the product development process, enabling follow-up on strategic decisions, reduce the room for free interpretations, reduce the complexity and amount of time to use decision support tools, and lastly methodologies to support the collection of the required information to use decision support tools. Thus, it is emphasized that researchers and practitioners continue to develop new and existing decision support tools so that the sustainability of products can be defined and measured. A focus on developing methodologies that guides how the required information can be obtained to use decision support that incorporates all life-cycle phases of a product is also identified as important.
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Werius, Patrik, and Emma Ytterström. "Exploring frugal innovation and its enablement of sustainable product development." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för industriell ekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-22176.
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In developed countries, companies' product innovation has the problem of not incorporating sustainability in a sufficiently high degree. Companies in developed countries will however continue to innovate since it is required to stay competitive. At the same time, being considered sustainable is vital for a company to stay competitive, when market demand for such products and services increases. One way to overcome the imbalance between innovation and sustainability could be frugal innovation. Frugal innovation, according to some, is inherently sustainable and at the same time offer business opportunities and a new target group to companies in developed countries. This thesis therefore aims to explore how frugal innovation can enable companies to develop sustainable products. The study employed explorative research with a single case study on a Swedish company. Via twelve semi-structured interviews, primary data from a purposeful sampling of employees was gathered. A theoretical framework was established by performing a literature review. Analytical activities such as categorization, abstraction and data reduction were performed after transcribing and coding the recorded interviews. The analysis revealed three general findings: 1. Profit margin has been sacrificed to pursue environmental sustainability. 2. One suggestion to lower cost is moving the production outside Sweden. 3. Frugal products can be in conflict with a brand positioning that emphasizes quality. This thesis concludes that companies similar to the company in this study actively and purposefully consider environmental sustainability when developing products. Economic sustainability is built into the construction of profitable business cases, whereas social sustainability is “forgotten” and rarely talked about or considered. Outcomes from frugal innovation, in combination with an existing brand positioning that emphasizes quality, might require a new marketing strategy. Frugal innovation can be realized by setting strict limitations to resource usage and the complexity of technology. Suggested further research is to expand the study to a larger number of companies. Another research field is how frugal innovation can be measured now and in the future. It is also suggested to study how companies in developed countries can “go back” and design out of resource scarcity, and how frugal innovation will diversify business models and product portfolios.
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Thompson, Anthony. "Integrating a Strategic Sustainable Development Perspective in Product-Service System Innovation." Doctoral thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för strategisk hållbar utveckling, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-00543.
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There is an intersection of challenges where society’s social and ecological problems coincide with the industrial firm’s challenge to maintain profitability in a globalizing world. Products connect these challenges. The development of these products together with services (product-service systems) therefore provides a critical intervention point to address these challenges. This includes e.g. defining what the products and services are, how they will deliver value to users, and the business models that enable them to be realized, as well as how these can contribute to sustainable development of society. The overarching goal of this research is to contribute to sustainable development of society by better understanding how a strategic sustainable development perspective based on backcasting from basic principles for a sustainable society can be brought into and guide product-service system innovation. Interviews with industry professionals, workshops with both manufacturing companies and within student projects, and industrial cases studies, together with a review of literature and theoretical considerations, provide the methodological basis for this work. This thesis contributes to clarifying theoretical and practical possibilities and limitations for a strategic sustainable development perspective to guide product-service system innovation and provides a basis for the integration of these concepts. The findings indicate that the co-innovation of products and services in product-service systems can contribute to sustainable development of society both by supporting reduced material and energy use and by supporting improved life cycle management of materials. Further, a strategic sustainable development perspective can contribute to the refinement of existing tools and methods in product-service system innovation by providing an operational definition of sustainability articulated in the form of first-order principles that describe the boundary conditions for a sustainable society, and by providing guidelines for how to approach a vision of success inside those boundaries in a strategic way. In order to identify solutions that meet society’s pressing challenges, new solution spaces may need to be identified, and this can be enabled by a shift from product development with service as “add-ons” to their co-innovation in product-service systems. An initial approach for how this could be enabled through bringing together set-based approaches to design product-service systems with a strategic sustainable development perspective is presented.
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Schulte, Jesko. "Sustainability Risk Management in Product Development Companies - Motivating Change." Licentiate thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för strategisk hållbar utveckling, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-17631.
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Both the ecological and social system are systematically degrading, resulting in decreasing capacities to support human civilization. Product development and manufacturing companies play a key role in driving society’s transition towards a sustainable path. Besides moral arguments, the motivation for companies can be expressed as a matter of smart risk management, i.e. avoiding threats and exploiting opportunities. Such sustainability risks can be related to, for example, brand and reputation, legislative change, or attracting top-talented employees. But, more importantly, it is about understanding changes that are inevitable on markets to come. Based on Maxwell’s interactive qualitative research approach and following the structure of the Design Research Methodology, this thesis aims to contribute (i) to knowledge by increasing the conceptual understanding of what sustainability risks are; and (ii) to practice by researching decision-support for how sustainability risks can be managed in a product development company context. The first study reviewed existing literature and identified characteristics of sustainability risks, which make them particularly difficult to manage. A following exploratory and descriptive study investigated companies’ current risk management practices and preconditions for sustainability integration. It showed that the effects of uncertainty from the sustainability transition need to be identified, assessed, and managed in relation to how they can affect objectives anchored in both internal and external stakeholder value creation. In parallel, the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development was applied as a lens to understand the implications of the sustainability transition for company risk management. This resulted in a new definition, stating that sustainability risks are threats and opportunities that are due to an organization’s contribution or counteraction to society’s transition towards strategic sustainable development. A questionnaire study then investigated some case companies’ challenges and preconditions to build sustainability capabilities. Finally, a workshop method is proposed that aims to support design teams in early sustainable product development. Future research will leverage on the findings to develop and test decision support for how product development companies can manage sustainability risks on different organizational levels in practice to increase competitiveness, while taking leadership in the transition towards a sustainable society.
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Liu, Xuelin. "Measuring sustainable development in China : a 'green' measure of national product." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266112.
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Wang, Yuan. "Supplier Involvement in Conventional and Sustainable New Product Development: Three Essays." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo15017745690405.
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Genc, Ebru. "SUSTAINABLE NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT: THE ROLE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIALIST AND ENVIRONMENTAL MARKETING STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2013. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/222864.
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Business Administration/MarketingPh.D.
Companies in the twenty first century are exposed to a variety of pressures to respond to environmental issues and responding to these pressures affects several aspects of business such as purchasing, marketing and logistics. Conventional wisdom regarding the incorporation of sustainability posits sustainability as a tradeoff with other corporate goals; however, during the last decade, this paradigm has been challenged by a view that proposes this incorporation as a complementary strategy, or even as an opportunity. Understanding how firms integrate environmental issues into their corporate agendas and how these integration strategies affect performance has become very important. The process of sustainable new product development (SNPD) is one of the core areas that these strategies focus on in order to achieve economic and environmental sustainability. This thesis investigates the integration of environmental specialists into SNPD teams and the relative influence of motivational factors of environmental strategy development and the structural relationship of how they affect the performance of SNPD. It relies on two main research streams: work on sustainable management and conventional new product development. The first essay examines the integration of environmental specialists into new product development teams that are composed of several other functional specialists such as marketing, manufacturing, and R&D personnel, and its impact on SNPD performance across three stages: (1) concept development (CD) (e.g., the generation and refinement of new product ideas, market analysis, preparation of product concepts), (2) product development (PD) (e.g., actual technical product development, execution of prototype tests, test marketing), and (3) product commercialization (PC) (e.g., market launches, training, after-sales support). In this paper, we draw upon resource dependency theory as our theoretical background. We present evidence that, integrating an environmental specialist into a new product team has a positive influence on SNPD project performance beyond what the traditional members of such a team would accomplish. Through analyzing this relationship across the stages of SNPD, we gained a clearer picture of the effectiveness of this integration. In particular, the integration of the environmental specialist was more effective on SNPD project performance in the final stage of the SNPD process when the product was being launched. This effect is even greater for high-innovative projects. The second essay investigates the different motivations that drive firms to adopt environmental marketing strategies and their relative impact on new product advantage and SNPD performance. Theoretically grounded in Stakeholder Theory and the Resource - Based View of the Firm Theory, a conceptual framework was developed that portrays the antecedents and consequences of environmental marketing strategy. In regard to the antecedents of environmental marketing strategy, we examined the drivers of environmental marketing strategy development: public concern, regulatory pressures and market opportunity. The results showed that developing environmental strategies that exceed regulations (proactive strategies) leads to better new product performance than only adhering to regulations (reactive strategies). In addition, the results showed that commitment from top management becomes critical only for proactive strategies, not for reactive strategies. Finally, in regard to the consequences, we found that environmental marketing strategies lead to new product advantage and in turn, better sustainable new product performance. This thesis fills a gap in the literature with respect to the lack of conceptual and empirical contributions on the integration of sustainability issues into the new product development process, by aiming to provide new insights into how firms are integrating environmental specialists into their new product development teams and by extending our knowledge of how firms develop environmental marketing strategies and how these strategies affect new product performance.
Temple University--Theses
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Thompson, Anthony. "Towards Sustainability-driven Innovation through Product Service Systems." Licentiate thesis, Karlskrona : Blekinge Institute of Technology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-00473.
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Increasing awareness of anthropogenic impacts on the planet has lead to efforts to reduce negative environmental impacts in product development for several decades. Benefits to companies who focus on sustainability initiatives have been put forth more recently, leading to many efforts to incorporate sustainability considerations in their product innovation processes. The majority of current sustainability considerations in industry constrain design space by emphasizing reduced material and energy flows across the product’s life cycle. However, there is also an opportunity to use awareness of sustainability to bring attention to new facets of design space and to drive innovation. Specifically there is an opportunity for product-service systems (PSS) to be a vehicle through which sustainability-driven innovation occurs. A framework for strategic sustainable development (FSSD) provides the basis for understanding sustainability in this work, and provides clarity with regard to how to think about sustainable products and service innovations. The “backcasting” approach included in this framework also provides insight into how incremental and radical approaches could be aligned within the product innovation working environment. This thesis explores how sustainability considerations can be better integrated into existing product innovation working environments in order to drive innovation processes within firms, with a specific emphasis on opportunities that occur as sustainability knowledge leads to innovation through a product-service system approach. It endeavors to contribute to both theory development within the emerging sustainable PSS design research area, and also to advance the state of practice within industry by connecting dots between the state of theory and the state of practice. Society’s opportunity to become more sustainable and industry’s desire for innovation in order to lead to or increase profitability are often in conflict. However, this thesis argues that knowledge of global social and ecological sustainability can be used to drive innovation processes, and that there are win-win opportunities that can often be achieved through a PSS approach. There is some, but not sufficient, support for the inclusion of sustainability considerations in the product innovation process, and even fewer tools to support the use of sustainability to drive innovation. In response, an approach to providing support that brings together the FSSD and various approaches to systems modeling and simulation is presented. Opportunities to use sustainability-friendly attributes of existing products through a PSS-approach are also presented.
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Prieur, Michaël. "Functional elements and engineering template-based product development process application for the support of stamping tool design /." Karlsruhe : Univ.-Verl. Karlsruhe, 2006. http://www.uvka.de/univerlag/volltexte/2006/154/.
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Chu, Wanjun. "StickyDesignSpace: Incorporating the Attachment Framework into Product Design Practice." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-262268.
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Creating and encouraging longer-lasting relationship between designed products and its users is one of the goals that researchers in Sustainable HCI trying to achieve. The attachment framework is proposed by previous study that aims to provide knowledge and insight for designers to create longer-lasting relationship between products and users. As arguments have been made that there is a gap between Sustainable HCI theory and design practice. The attachment framework is one of the well established theoretical frameworks that need effective knowledge transformation from theory to practice. The aim of the study is to design, develop and evaluate a web-based interactive tool -- StickyDesignSpace, which helps product designers to embed the attachment framework into their design background research process. The study employs a research through design approach which focuses on the creation of innovative artifacts to solve practical problems. A web-based tool was designed and developed through the grounding, ideation and iteration process. And a high-fidelity prototype was evaluated by four design participants. The results indicated that the web tool StickyDesignSpace fostered the participated designers' attachment-related thinking by providing attachment design principles and generic design properties in a two dimensional space for organizing design background research data. Furthermore, the tool promoted the participated designers' attachment design knowledge transformation from background research process to design ideation process. According to participants' design objectives and background research goals, the tool also showed flexibility to be applied in other design process such as design idea formation and design evaluation process. The study shed light on the possibility of creating interactive tools to communicate sustainable HCI design frameworks to design practitioners, and offer the insights of how design practitioners integrate the attachment framework into their design thinking and process.
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França, César Levy. "Business Model Design for Strategic Sustainable Development." Doctoral thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för strategisk hållbar utveckling, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-13674.
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Humanity confronts an existential threat without historic precedent. Environmental pressures have reached such intensity and pace of change that the earth system may be irreversibly tipped into a new and unpredictable state. The emerging global reality is, in turn, redefining overall conditions for business success. Addressing these challenges both demands and brings great opportunities for innovation. An important and sometimes neglected aspect of innovation is the design or redesign of business models, which has been identified as a greater source of lasting competitive advantage than new products and services per se. The business model has also been suggested as a new unit of analysis when discussing sustainability. However, this is still a relatively underexplored area. The aim of this work was therefore to develop an approach to business model design that supports strategic sustainable development, i.e., supports organizations to contribute to society’s transition towards sustainability in a way that strengthens the organization. To be able to design a business model that supports strategic sustainable development, it is necessary to know what sustainability is and how to develop sustainability-promoting, economically viable strategies. Therefore, the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development, which includes, e.g., an operational definition of sustainability and strategic guidelines for how to approach it, was used as an overarching framework. Specific research methods and techniques included, e.g., literature reviews, questionnaires, interviews, work with focus groups, participatory action research with partner organizations, creative problem solving techniques, modeling, and simulation. The literature reviews revealed potential sustainability benefits of developing business models in conjunction with product-service systems (PSS). However, a knowledge gap exists regarding how to effectively connect these fields. Arguably, PSS strategies can best contribute to sustainability when business models support their implementation and when both the business models and the PSS strategies are guided by an understanding of strategic sustainable development. Therefore, an integrated approach to Business Model Design for Strategic Sustainable Development was co-developed and tested in PSS innovation work with partners, e.g., companies within the energy and lighting sectors. The tests indicated that the new approach helped to clarify strengths and weaknesses of current business models from a strategic sustainability perspective; to transform an organization’s vision and strategy into a sustainability-framed vision and a sustainability-promoting strategy; and to communicate the new vision and strategy to the value network as a basis for engaging important stakeholders in the change. For example, the approach supported one of the partner companies in its transformation towards providing sustainable PSS solutions in the form of light as a service. Examples of business benefits of the new approach include improved scalability and risk avoidance, which provide a foundation for better investment strategies. Benefits also include improved differentiability and a broadened view on, and a more solid foundation for, collaboration with stakeholders that are increasingly important to sustainable business success.
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Barkan, Anna, Daniel Gunnarsson, and Olaf Postel. "Strategic Sustainable Product Development : A Case of an SME in the Sealing Industry." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3491.
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Product development is a crucial leverage point to move our society towards sustainability. The purpose of this study is to gain knowledge on how a selected strategic tool for sustainable product development (SPD), namely the Method for Sustainable Product Development (MSPD), can be adapted to integrate sustainability aspects into the Product Development Process (PDP) of an organization. A Small and Medium Sized Enterprise (SME) in the manufacturing industry with customers and office locations worldwide is used as a case study. A participatory action research approach is used throughout the study. It is shown in the case that the MSPD triggers thinking in product development by raising sustainability-related questions. In order to be answered most questions, however, require additional sustainability education in the organization and further investigation in long-term, company-wide projects, which the current PDP of the organization was not designed to provide. It was concluded that iterations of the process with the integrated MSPD tool and additional tools to supplement the MSPD are necessary to further move product development at the organization towards sustainability.
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Goworek, Helen. "Practices and implications of product development and sustainable consumption in the clothing sector." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/39162.
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This PhD examines the practices of clothing product development, particularly in connection with retail buying, and their implications with regard to sustainability. These are two fundamental dimensions of the clothing sector, yet they have not received adequate attention in the literature. My research redresses this gap in three key ways. Firstly, there tends to be an assumption in much of the literature that the US system of retail buying is applicable universally. However, my research revealed that own-label buying processes in the UK clothing sector operate differently to those referred to in US texts. Secondly, my research found that other roles that work alongside buying and design teams are significant in clothing product development (e.g. merchandisers, textile designers and technologists), although this has been under-reported or omitted in previous studies. Thirdly, sustainability is a prominent issue which is affecting product development in the clothing sector increasingly, ultimately impacting upon consumer behaviour in terms of selection, purchase, maintenance and disposal of garments, yet it was virtually absent from existing studies. The overall aims of this critical appraisal document are to introduce the two key strands of my research into clothing product development practices and their implications for sustainability, to locate my research within existing studies, and to outline the impact of my publications for my field of research.
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Watz, Matilda. "Utilizing requirements to support sustainable product development : Introductory approaches for strategic sustainability integration." Licentiate thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för strategisk hållbar utveckling, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-18807.
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The attention to sustainability impacts arising during the lifecycle of products is growing as industry wants to increase its contribution to a sustainable society. To do so, companies must find ways to navigate the complexity of the needs within the socio-ecological system in which they operate. In engineering design projects, the interpretation of needs into requirements is essential, as they represent the collective understanding of the design problem to be solved. Ideally, requirements are possible to verify and validate, which makes it challenging for industry to integrate socio-ecological considerations, often based on qualitative models, into requirements. Sustainability then tends not to be prioritized in trade-offs with traditionally identified requirements for engineering design. A qualitative research approach within design research methodology framed a sequence of studies guided by the research question ‘How can requirements be utilized to support Sustainable Product Development?’ First, a research gap was identified from a literature review which indicated a lack of socio-ecological systems contextualization in the identification, as well as the traceability of sustainability criteria to integrate into requirements. Secondly, a conceptual model was established for how management of requirements can be improved to facilitate traceability, as well as how contextual socio-ecological systems perspective can be introduced in the selection, of sustainability criteria for engineering design projects. For this purpose, the results from a multiple-case study based on semi-structured interviews with seven design and manufacturing companies was triangulated with findings of an in-depth literature analysis. Five key elements of management of sustainability in requirements were proposed in a profile model corresponding to different levels of sustainability maturity. A third study explored, based on literature and prototype causal loop diagramming, the potential of a group model building approach to enhance contextual understanding of strategically identified, i.e., company-tailored, sustainability criteria in relation to traditional requirements in early phases of the product innovation process. A final study investigated how a strategic sustainability perspective can be integrated with engineering design methods and value modelling to create a decision support for concept selection. The studies together indicate that key constituents of good requirements, traceability and systems contextualization, can be achieved also for socio-ecological sustainability considerations. This requires organizational commitment and will be reflected in the design of the operational management system for their product innovation process. Following the proposed five key elements of sustainability integration in requirements, a company is expected to increase the organizational sustainability maturity, and hence its capability to contribute to a sustainability transition. This research also shows that there is a gap in current methods and tools for enhanced socio-ecological systems contextualization. The two last studies of this thesis give promising approaches of tools and methods to be further developed and analyzed, namely group model building, system analysis and value modelling.
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Bakirlioglu, Yekta. "Biomimicry For Sustainability: An Educational Project In Sustainable Product Design." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614721/index.pdf.
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The notion of sustainability has become an extensive area of research ever since the term emerged in the late 1980s, due to the negative effects of unsustainable production and consumption patterns on environmental stewardship, social equity and economic development. There have been various approaches developed for product design and education within the context sustainability. Biomimicry is one of those approaches, and its implications for product design education have recently started to be explored. In this study, an educational tool - Biomimicry Sketch Analysis (BSA) - was developed and integrated into the idea-generation phase of an educational design project at the undergraduate level in the Department of Industrial Design at the Middle East Technical University (METU). This integration is analyzed throughout the graduate thesis study, to understand and explore the implications of the biomimicry approach for sustainability in product design education. The educational tool within this approach was found as influential among the third year industrial design students for the idea-generation phase, yet the results of this study included both pros and cons for the incorporation of the BSA exercise.
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SOHLSTRÖM, ELIN. "Is Swedish Public Procurement Ready for Sustainable Product Development? : An Investigation on Barriers in Public Procurement that Prevents the Diffusion of Sustainable Innovations." Thesis, KTH, Hållbarhet och industriell dynamik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-199207.
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The current focus on sustainability entails an extension of companies focus beyond economicobjectives to an approach that also take into account economic, ecological as well as societal performance (Hollos, Blome and Foerstl, 2012). In this context, purchasing and supply has been transformed to have a strategic role in sustainability (Meehan and Bryde, 2011). The European Union point to a rising interest for policies that aim at a reorientation of public procurement to achieve solutions that promotes consideration of social policies and that supports sustainable innovation (European Commission, 2016).Public procurement processes have according to Oruezabala and Rico (2012) only been studied in a few empirical studies. Furthermore, Rolfstam et al. (2011) emphasizes that diffusion is an area that have been neglected in the public procurement of innovation. The need for sustainable innovations makes it relevant to address a gap in the literature, which beyond exposing hinders for sustainable public procurement accounts for their effect on the diffusion of sustainable innovations. Wastewater treatment is important for public procurement due to its significant environmental impact and therefore the wastewater treatment industry is the focus of this thesis. The importance of the study is supported by actors such as AxFlow that supplies the wastewater treatment industry with technical solutions. This company experiences that hinders in public procurement prevents diffusion of sustainable innovations.The purpose with this research is to investigate what barriers for sustainable procurement that prevents the diffusion of sustainable innovations. To fulfill this purpose a case study was conducted where data was collected through interviews with individuals with varying roles and experiences within public procurement to waste water treatment plants. In order to achieve the purpose it was necessary to determine that public procurement play a role in achieving a sustainable development. It was also crucial to find evidence on the existence of barriers for sustainable procurement and what these are. The results indicate that public procurement could play a significant role in promoting sustainable development. However, it is possible to conclude that the actual contribution is significantly small or nonexistent due to the fact that there are several barriers in place that prevents public procurement from having a significant impact. Findings suggests that barriers to sustainable procurement exists and that these relate to all three pillars of sustainable development, which are the economic, social and environmental pillar. By analyzing barriers to sustainable procurement found in the empirical study it was possible to identify which specific barriers that prevents the diffusion of sustainable innovations. It is concluded that the diffusion of sustainable innovations is prevented by the following barriers: 1. Public procurement failing to create economic incentives for sustainable product development. 2. An insufficient base of stake holders involved in the policy formulation process. 3. Policies not being formed on consensus and dialogue. 4. A lack of policy integration over different environmental media. 5. A lack of a strategic plan in public procurement. 6. Procurers given insufficient support and mutual measures necessary for evaluation.
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Tchouanguem, Djuedja Justine Flore. "Information modelling for the development of sustainable construction (MINDOC)." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0133.
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Au cours des dernières décennies, la maîtrise de l'impact sur l'environnement par l'analyse du cycle de vie est devenue un sujet d'actualité dans le secteur du bâtiment. Cependant, il y a quelques problèmes d’échange d'informations entre experts pour la réalisation de diverses études telles que l’évaluation environnementale du bâtiment. Il existe une hétérogénéité entre les bases de données de produits de construction car elles n'ont pas les mêmes caractéristiques et n'utilisent pas la même base pour mesurer l'impact environnemental de chaque produit de construction. En outre, il est encore difficile d'exploiter pleinement le potentiel de liaison entre le BIM, le Web sémantique et les bases de données de produits de construction, car l'idée de les combiner est relativement récente. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'accroître la flexibilité nécessaire pour évaluer l'impact environnemental du bâtiment au moment opportun. Premièrement, notre recherche détermine les lacunes en matière d’interopérabilité dans le domaine AEC (Architecture Engineering and Construction). Ensuite, nous comblons certaines des lacunes rencontrées par la formalisation des informations du bâtiment et la génération de données du bâtiment aux formats Web sémantique. Nous promouvons l'utilisation efficace du BIM tout au long du cycle de vie du bâtiment en intégrant et en référençant les données environnementales sur les produits de construction dans un outil BIM. De plus, la sémantique a été affiner par l'amélioration d'une ontologie bien connue basée sur le bâtiment ; à savoir ifcOWL pour le langage d'ontologie Web (OWL) des IFC (Industry Foundation Classes). Enfin, nous avons réalisé une expérimentation d'une étude de cas d'un petit bâtiment pour notre méthodologieIn previous decades, controlling the environmental impact through lifecycle analysis has become a topical issue in the building sector. However, there are some problems when trying to exchange information between experts for conducting various studies like the environmental assessment of the building. There is also heterogeneity between construction product databases because they do not have the same characteristics and do not use the same basis to measure the environmental impact of each construction product. Moreover, there are still difficulties to exploit the full potential of linking BIM, SemanticWeb and databases of construction products because the idea of combining them is relatively recent. The goal of this thesis is to increase the flexibility needed to assess the building’s environmental impact in a timely manner. First, our research determines gaps in interoperability in the AEC (Architecture Engineering and Construction) domain. Then, we fill some of the shortcomings encountered in the formalization of building information and the generation of building data in Semantic Web formats. We further promote efficient use of BIM throughout the building life cycle by integrating and referencing environmental data on construction products into a BIM tool. Moreover, semantics has been improved by the enhancement of a well-known building-based ontology (namely ifcOWL for Industry Foundation Classes Web Ontology Language). Finally, we experience a case study of a small building for our methodology
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Masera, Diego. "Eco-production : sustainable product development in small furniture enterprises in the Purepecha region of Mexico." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263054.
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Prieur, Michaël [Verfasser]. "Functional elements and engineering template-based product development process : application for the support of stamping tool design / von Michaël Prieur." Karlsruhe : Univ.-Verl. Karlsruhe, 2006. http://d-nb.info/982085311/34.
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Wolf, Anna [Verfasser]. "An Analysis and Evaluation of the Development of the QRD Human Product Information Template used in Package Leaflets / Anna Wolf." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1077289561/34.
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Gehrold, Tatjana Sophie. "A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR SUSTAINABLE PRODUCT DESIGN IN THE TEXTILE AND FASHION INDUSTRY : Based on Ted’s 10 & UN Sustainable Development Goals." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-23515.
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Purpose The purpose of this thesis is to develop a theoretical framework for sustainable product design, targeting aesthetic design elements, as part of product development by applying the Ted’s 10 methodology for textile environment and the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Design/Methodology/approach The thesis follows a deductive and inductive multi – method approach. A systematic literature review gives insights into existing literature on product design; the interviews with two experts evaluate the theoretical framework based on the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the implications and applicability of findings in practice. Findings It is found that, in comparison to the UN Sustainable Development Goals, the aesthetic design elements in product design from literature have no clear guidelines to restrict environmentally unsustainable practices/ decisions, apart from EU regulations. The theoretical framework, which is built on these gaps by applying the Ted’s 10 design methodology, shows suggestions concerning the aesthetic design elements, which have the possibility to reduce the need to consume, chemical impact, waste, and energy and water consumption. Two expert interviews validate the theoretical framework and discuss implications and applicability. Originality/value It is stated that product design, especially the aesthetic design elements, have a major impact on the environmental sustainability of the final product. Therefore, decision making regarding these elements have the potential to greatly reduce the environmental impact. Moreover, the analysis of the Ted’s 10 may contribute to the realization of several UN Sustainable Development Goals. It could communicate the positive environmental impact textile and fashion designers and businesses can have when applying the Ted’s 10.
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Sundvall, David, and Pontus Åberg. "Sustainable Clothes Development : The Development of a Model for Production of Sustainably Produced Clothing." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-62091.
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If you are living in Sweden, you´re likely to consume around 15 kg textile every year (Palm, 2011). Of those 15 kg, 10.5 kg are most likely produced in Asia (IPCC, 2014). When producing textile, greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane are emitted. These greenhouse gases are a big cause for the global warming and are having a direct effect on people. 17% of all deaths in China 2015 could be correlated to polluted air (Rohde & Muller, 2015). If people knew the consequences of their consumption it´s in our opinion that they would consume less. More awareness leads to less consumption and ultimately less destruction. Organizations/corporations try to get people to understand but the message doesn’t seem to reach out quite strong enough. In this thesis another approach is investigated. The approach is about spreading a message through sustainable produced clothes with an appealing design, and encouraging consumption. By choosing our sustainable clothes instead of other non-sustainable options the consumer helps solving a social problem, which the (appealing) design is inspired of. The design is not only appealing but also designed to educate the consumer which leads to a more aware person who consumes less. We have worked with and Agile Iterative process which enable us to quickly see results and make changes. The project started with a goal to produce fictive clothes with our approach in mind. This goal was changed along the process and the final result ended up as a model. The model guides the user through two major parts. Part One is to enable a sustainable base for the production of the product where one step is to find a social problem. Part Two is an iterative process which uses the social problem established in Step One as a source of inspiration when designing the product itself. The model encourages the user to iterate the product design process around different aspects of the product. The model can be used by itself as well as a part of a developing process. Our recommendations for further work is to develop the model so it can be used for other types of products.Om du bor I Sverige så konsumerar du troligtvis ca 15 kg textilier per år (Palm, 2011). Av dessa 15 kg så är 10.5 kg producerat i Asien (IPCC, 2014). Vid produktion av textilier släpps miljöfarliga växthusgaser ut. Utsläppen består mestadels av koldioxid och metan och bidrar till den globala uppvärmningen och har en direkt påverkan på människor. I Kina kunde 17% av alla dödsfall registrerade 2015 relateras till förorenad luft (Rohde & Muller, 2015). Om människor visste konsekvenserna av deras konsumtion så skulle de i vår mening konsumera smartare och mindre. Mer medvetna konsumenter leder till mindre konsumtion och i slutändan mindre förstörelse. Det finns organisationer som försöker få människor att förstå och agera men budskapet verkar inte nå ut starkt nog. I detta examensarbete har en annan vinkel undersökts. Vinkeln handlar om att sprida ett budskap genom globalt och humant hållbart producerade kläder med attraktiv design som uppmuntrar till konsumtion. Genom att välja dessa hållbara kläder istället för andra icke-hållbara alternativ hjälper konsumenterna också ett utvalt samhällsproblem som designen är inspirerad av. Designen är inte bara attraktiv utan är även utformad för att utbilda konsumenten vilket leder till en mer medveten person som konsumerar mindre. Vi har arbetat med en Agil iterativ process vilket har låtit oss snabbt se resultat och göra ändringar. Projektet startade med ett mål att skapa fiktiva kläder som var designade kring ett samhällsproblem dit en del av försäljningsvinsten skulle gå till att försöka hjälpa. Denna vision ändrades under projektets gång och resultatet av projektet blev till slut en modell som kan användas vid produktutveckling av kläder. Modellen guidar användaren genom två faser. I den första fasen skapas en grund för hållbar produktion, den hjälper även användaren välja ett socialt problem som designen senare baseras på. Den andra fasen är iterativ process där själva produktutvecklingen äger rum. Modellen uppmanar användaren att iterera designprocessen kring olika designaspekter som fokuserar på en utbildande design. Modellen kan användas för individuellt eller som ett komplement i utvecklingsarbete. Vid fortsatt arbete skulle modellen kunna göras om för att passa andra typer av produkter.
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Jin, Yanya. "Development of materials criticality profiling methodology at product level." Thesis, Troyes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TROY0004/document.
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Les impacts causés par la crise des terres rares en 2010 mettent en évidence l’importance des matériaux et ont conduit en un intérêt accru dans la recherche sur leur criticité. Cette thèse s’ouvre par un état de l’art qui présente et évalue les travaux existants dans ce domaine et met en évidence trois lacunes de la recherche sur la criticité des matériaux (l’absence d’un véritable diagnostic de criticité; l’absence d’une méthodologie d’évaluation de la criticité au niveau produit; le défaut de lien bien établi entre mécanisme de criticité, méthode d’évaluation et solutions proposées). En conséquence, la thèse comble les deux premières lacunes et offre plusieurs pistes à l’égard de la troisième. Concernant le diagnostic de la criticité d’un matériau, la thèse propose d’illustrer le mécanisme de criticité par quatre dimensions : le déséquilibre entre offre et demande ; l’importance du matériau pour le produit ; l’accessibilité de l’approvisionnement ; et les facteurs dynamiques. Une définition de la criticité est proposée. Le mécanisme de criticité étant au centre de la recherche, une méthodologie permettant de déterminer la criticité matérielle à l’échelle « produit » est développée et complétée par un modèle applicatif quantitatif. La méthodologie offre un raisonnement général pour conduire une étude de la criticité ; le modèle illustre une de ses possibilités d’être appliqué à des cas réels pour déterminer quantitativement la criticité. A la fin, l’application du modèle à deux produits (l’aimant permanent et la diode électroluminescente) est présentéeRare earth crisis in 2010 showed the importance of some materials and whipped up interest in the research on material criticality. A review work was first conducted in order to get a better understanding of the existing work in this research area and to see where more work is needed. Based on this review, three research gaps were identified (lack of a comprehensive diagnosis of criticality; lack of evaluation methodology at the product level; lack of links between the mechanism of criticality, the evaluation methodology and the solutions offered. This thesis focuses on the two first research gaps and offers several ideas for the last one. Regarding diagnosis of criticality, the mechanism is illustrated under four dimensions: imbalance between supply and demand, importance of the material to product, supply accessibility and dynamic factors. A definition of criticality is also put forward. Considering the established mechanism as research core, a methodology to evaluate the criticality of materials at the product level has been developed and is completed with a concrete and quantitative model. The methodology offers guidance on how to assess criticality and sets a framework for evaluation. The model illustrates a way to use this methodology through a tool that assigns a ‘criticality score’ to materials and shows how the score is contributed. The calculations were automated in Excel. Two applications, one for permanent magnet and the other for light emitting diode, were conducted to demonstrate and improve the methodology and the model
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Persson, Andreas, and Daniel Holmberg. "How to create affordable and sustainable facilitites for companies." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för maskinteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-12840.
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Summary Kruthusen Företagsfastigheter AB is a company that rent industrial facilities, mainly to smaller companies and startup companies. Most of their facilities today are already rented which creates the opportunity to expand and build new facilities. The problem is that the building methods and materials commonly used today will require a rent that is unaffordable for these companies. Therefore a new way of creating these facilities is needed to be able to reduce costs, to allow a lower rent. In the current facilities big costs are connected with companies’ changing facilities which often require reconstruction or similar. Some needs extra bathrooms, other need a kitchen and a few do not need any of it. Therefore, to save a lot of money on reconstruction a common area will be built where there will be a dressing room with showers, WC and a kitchen. There are many different ways to save energy which also reduces costs. Research has been made to see if there are other alternatives to heat the building. District heating is available in the area where the new facility will be built. District heating is considered a sustainable choice and therefore was selected. Heat losses for the new building were calculated to estimate if it is enough to target operational costs to be able to secure a low rent. The result was that a high amount of the heat losses can be reduced but it is not enough to allow affordable rents. The total cost of the building could not be estimated by us. This is the reason why other measures like common areas cannot be proven to lower the rent to the targeted value. If the concept is affordable will be known when the concept is sent to a construction company for cost estimation. The final building will include a common area in the middle connected with the entrance and 10 industrial facilities for renting that will be 8x13 square meters. To make it easier for the customers a parking lot will be built in front of the building. On the back side every company will have an area for their work-related vehicles. Also a spot for containers will be included for extra storage for each renting company.Sammanfattning Kruthusen Företagsfastigheter AB är ett företag som hyr ut lokaler till främst mindre och nystartade företag. Idag är nästan alla av deras lokaler redan uthyrda vilket möjliggör utbyggnad av nya lokaler. Problemet med detta är att användning av dagens byggnadsmetoder och material kommer ge en väldigt dyr hyra, som dessa små företag inte kan betala. Därför behövs det nya sätt som fokuserar på att få ner kostnader när dessa typer av lokaler ska byggs, för att få en låg hyra. I dagens lokaler tillkommer stora kostnader i ombyggnader eller liknande när företag byter lokaler. Vissa har behov av extra badrum, andra behöver tillgång till kök och några behöver inte tillgång till något. För att undvika de största kostnaderna i samband med detta kommer en gemensam avdelning byggas där det finns omklädningsrum med dusch, toaletter och kök. Det finns många sätt att spara energi på som också minskar kostnader. En undersökning har gjorts för att se om det finns några andra alternativ till uppvärmning av lokalerna. Fjärrvärme är tillgängligt i det valda området för byggnaden, därför valdes detta som värmekälla då det anses vara ett hållbart alternativ. Värmeförluster beräknades för den nya byggnaden för att uppskatta om det är tillräckligt att fokusera på driftkostnader för att erhålla en låg hyra. Resultatet blev att en väldigt hög andel av värmeförlusterna kunde minskas, men det var inte tillräckligt för att ensamt säkerställa en låg hyra. Den totala kostnaden för byggnaden kunde inte uppskattas av oss. Detta är anledningen till att andra åtgärder som gemensamma utrymmen inte kan bevisas vara tillräckligt för att få en låg hyra. Först när ett byggföretag har gjort sin kostnadsuppskattning kommer det visa sig om konceptet är tillräckligt konstandseffektivt. Den slutgiltiga byggnaden kommer bestå av en gemensam avdelning i mitten sammanlänkat med entrén och 10 industrilokaler i storleken 8x13 meter för uthyrning. För att underlätta för kunder finns det en parkering framför byggnaden. På baksidan finns det utrymme för varje företag att ha sina fordon. Det kommer även finnas utrymme för containrar som extra utrymme för företagen.
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Wiil, Madelene. "Exploring the Misalignment in the Sustainable Packaging Realization Process." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-413354.
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Packaging have become an environmental problem since mishandling causes pollution, and end-of-life treatments contribute to climate change. Even so, packaging is still necessary in our market system as they protect, distribute and prolong the life of various products. Policy-makers, companies, and the scientific community, are therefore working on different ways to combat the negative impacts of packaging, creating frameworks and strategies to facilitate a sustainable development. However, there seems to be a misalignment in the process of developing packaging with sustainable characteristics, since the realization of sustainable packaging is limited. The aim of this study is therefore to explain the limitation of realized sustainable packaging, by exploring the misalignment in the realization process through a single case study. The empirical data was collected from a company with the ambition of realizing sustainable packaging. Primary data was gathered through open-ended interviews with employees, and through internal and public documents. Furthermore, secondary data regarding the context of sustainable packaging and also scientific studies about packaging, sustainability and product development were reviewed and analyzed. The process of realizing sustainable packaging is regarded as a system that is dependent on outputs from different levels: i) its surrounding environment- the context, ii) the system goal- the strategy, and iii) the internal rules- operational aspects. The study results in three propositions that explain how a misalignment of the different levels causes a limitation of realized sustainable packaging. P1) A misalignment between the sustainable packaging context, and the sustainability strategy, results in a strategy that points in the wrong direction, P2) a misalignment between the sustainability strategy and the requirement specification, might result in greenwashed packaging, and P3) qualitatively ill formulated sustainability requirements might result in a missed target. This study argues that in order to increase the capability of the realization process the levels need to be aligned. Also, that creating qualitatively well formulated requirements might be seen as a tool in the process of realizing sustainable packaging.
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Maila, Reetta. "Sustainable Lighting - Designed Considering Emotional Aspects." Thesis, University of Kalmar, School of Communication and Design, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-459.
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Global warming challenges designers to pay attention to environmental effects of manufacturing when designing new products. This examination project was a personal challenge to uphold ethical responsibility as a designer and consider emotional aspects of design while aiming to create a pleasurable lighting for the home environment.
The underpinning idea for the project was to promote the use of recycled materials and an environmentally friendly light source aiming to create a sustainable everyday commonplace product that it is possible to manufacture. High power LED-technology was chosen because of its energy efficiency, flexibility and a particularly long life-cycle. Recycled plastic and fibre cardboard were chosen to be applied as the shades of the lamps. Both these recycled materials can be broken down and recycled again after use.
Emotional design aspect was the leading theory in the design process. The intention was to consider different levels of emotional aspects when defining the main characteristics of the lamp to create pleasurable lighting: Among usability and aesthetics the concentration was on the semiotics of the product and its usage context. It was designed with the aim of evoking pleasurable feelings in users who desire to lead an active and urban life-style but who are simultaneously worried about global warming.
Both of the lighting designs are for a dining context. They are supposed to create a pleasurable atmosphere around a dining table while separating the party around the table from the rest of the space. Other lights can be dimmed or switched off when it is time to gather around the table to accentuate the illumination and feeling of togetherness.
Inspiration for the project came from sustainability, contemporary thoughts and trends embodied into maps. The products turned out to be silent statements of today’s global world; Antarctica refers to glacial retreat while Town symbolises the importance of people’s own origin in this globalised world.
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Uppvall, Lars. "The Collaborative Challenge of Product Development : Exploring Sustainable Work Systems Through Critical Incidents in R&D Alliances." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Avd.), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11191.
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The aim of this thesis is to empirically study challenges and opportunities in the operational work in contract-based R&D alliances in order to increase the understanding of this type of work system and explore how these work systems could be sustainable. Based on the concept of sustainable work systems, this thesis addresses issues of how work in R&D alliance should support both the competitiveness of the firm as well as regeneration of human resources. In the area of product development, the main drivers for creating alliances are often strategic and concern the globalization of today’s business environment. Issues such as increased cost-based competition, shorter product life cycles, and a greater need for flexibility to tackle technological or strategic shifts have all been argued to motivate companies to form R&D alliances. No doubt adopting the firm’s development of new products to an R&D alliance strategy has a substantial impact on the operational work. However, despite the vast research on why companies engage in R&D alliances, the knowledge of operational work and how they are operationally managed is still limited. Several scholars have recently reported that failed operations may be one of the most important reasons for situations where R&D alliances do not reach their goals. An empirical investigation covering 14 R&D alliances has been conducted based on the Critical Incident Technique. The findings – supported by 158 critical incidents, which have been identified by operational leaders – reveal new knowledge about the R&D alliance operational work with implications for both competitiveness and regeneration of human resources. A central contribution stems from the specific insights given to challenges and opportunities that operational leaders face in the R&D alliance work, in five perspectives on the R&D alliance process: Formation, Formal R&D process, Informal relationships, Embeddedness, and Exit. Further examination of the critical incident data showed several implications for operational leaders with direct contributions to both product development and alliance theory. First, four critical roles for operational leaders in R&D alliances have been suggested: Facilitating, Finishing, Ambassadoring, and Trustkeeping. Secondly, a framework of trust formation mechanisms has been applied and tested. This concluded that process-based, characteristic-based, and institutional-based mechanisms represent important aspects in alliance operation; the relevance of these trust formation mechanisms contributes both to the knowledge of micro-processes of trust formation and specific managerial abilities in R&D alliances. Third, we examine the influence of two types of contextual risks that have been addressed in previous alliance research: relational and performance risks. The comparative analysis of a sub-sample of alliances shows that these risks influence the operational work in R&D alliances for which operational leaders could be specifically trained and prepared. Lastly, a framework that addresses support from HRM in inter-organizational context has been developed and analyzed. This has indicated that HRM represents an important, although unexploited, resource when engaging in R&D alliances. Furthermore, we have suggested a tentative framework for the R&D alliance as a sustainable work system. The overall findings from this study have been synthesized from a sustainable work systems perspective, based on three organizational principles that have been drawn from practice-centered product innovation: broadened roles and responsibilities, work as a collaborative process, and decentralization of strategic information. A fourth principle has been incorporated as well: support systems for sustainable work. This concluded that, in order to be sustainable, companies that engage in R&D alliances should carefully manage and reassess the consequences of these organizational principles in order to simultaneously support the goals that are involved in this type of work system: to simultaneously support innovation, inter-organizational relationships, and the regeneration of human resources.QC 20100813
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Sipan, Kandemir, and Sahin Mazlum. "Utveckling av det framtida fiberfiltret : Ett produktutvecklingsarbete i samarbete med ÖMV AB." Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad maskinteknik (KTH Södertälje), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-232163.
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I samarbete med Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan har uppdragsgivaren ÖMV AB utformat ett uppdrag som berör en av deras tidigare huvudprodukter, fiberfiltret. ÖMV AB ingår i OSTP Group Company. Genom engagemang och modern teknologi konstruerar, tillverkar och utvecklar ÖMV AB avancerad process utrustning som bidrar till en hållbar framtid. Företagets huvudprodukter är reaktorer, värmeväxlare, cisterner, tankar. Planer om att återuppta tillverkningen av fiberfiltret som är en av företagets tidigare produkter är aktuell, men det tidigare konceptet bör ses över och utvecklas för att uppfylla kundens önskemål. Det nuvarande konceptet anses innehålla brister och områden som potentiellt behöver förbättras, utvecklingen kommer att utföras med hänsyn till både konstruktion och även hur produkten anpassas för användarens säkerhet. Dagens fiberfilter används inom papper- och massaindustrin, dess syfte är att separera massa till fibrer och vatten för att förhindra fibrerna från att släppas ut i vattendrag. Målet med detta arbete är att ta fram minst tre alternativa lösningar för en förbättrad stödkonstruktion, även utveckla fiberfiltrets luckor som i nuläget anses utsätta användaren för risker, minst två koncept ska tas fram som uppfyller maskindirektivets föreskrifter. Utvecklingen av fiberfiltret kommer ske med hjälp av ett antal systematiska produktutvecklingsmetoder, de olika lösningarna kommer att analyseras och modelleras i ett datorstött designverktyg kallat Creo PTC.In collaboration with the Royal Institute of Technology, the commissioner ÖMV AB has designed an assignment relating to one of their former main products, the fiber filter. ÖMV AB is part of OSTP Group Company. Through commitment and modern technology, ÖMV AB designs, manufactures and develops advanced process equipment that contributes to a sustainable future. The company's main products are reactors, heat exchangers, cisterns and tanks. Plans to resume fiber filter manufacturing as one of the company's previous products are current, but the previous concept should be reviewed and developed to meet the customer's wishes. The current concept is considered to contain shortcomings and there are areas that may need to be improved, development will be carried out with regard to both design and also how the product is adapted for user safety. Today's fiber filters are used in the paper and pulp industry, its purpose is to separate pulp into fibers and water to prevent the fibers from being released into watercourses. The aim of this work is to develop at least three alternative manufacturing methods for an improved support structure, including developing the fiber filter gaps that are currently considered to expose the user to risks, at least two concepts must be developed that comply with the Machinery Directive. The development of fiber filters will be done using a number of systematic product development methods, the different solutions will be analyzed and modeled in a computer-aided design tool called Creo.
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Karlsson, Louise. "A product-oriented Product Service System for tracing materials on autonomous construction sites : A product development for today’s and future construction sites." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för maskinteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-16039.
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The global population is growing, and more people than before are moving to cities. This creates a need for increased building efficiency and possibility to work in remote environments. On today’s construction sites, there is a need to able to organize the site in a better way. In the future, autonomous vehicles will instead find it difficult to localize materials on a construction site. The autonomous vehicles can localize themselves with cameras and sensors, but they do not know how to localize the materials and items. This report is based on a project where Volvo Construction Equipment acted as a customer and the project was performed by students from Blekinge Institute of Technology and Stanford University. The prompt for this project was “From elephants to ants – from Earth to Mars” and would later be interpreted as finding a solution for the future that will be able to function without human’s intervention. From this project, this report was created. The following research questions for this report were: • How can workers locate building materials on today’s construction sites? • How will autonomous vehicles be able to locate material without human assistance in future construction sites? To solve these problems a design-process started, using an engineering design method. This method was chosen because of the type of problem. In engineering, the problem is identified to create a solution to the problem, comparing to when studying science, a question should be answered. The outcome from this report is a Product Service System (PSS) for a tracking system and a device for materials on today’s and future construction sites. When this solution was created no economic aspects were considered. Also, the focus of this report is the first steps of going from today’s construction sites to the future construction sites where autonomous vehicles will be used. The result from this research shows that the same problem of organizing a construction site is a pattern that can be seen in the majority of the sites that were visited during field works. Also, the workers today have little trust in the autonomous vehicles which is a result of lacking information and communication within companies. Furthermore, to be able to move to an autonomous future the mindset and attitude has to be changed. The collected data was analysed, and the outcome was a tracing system that will enable, both humans and machines, to localize materials on today’s and future construction sites. With this solution, today’s workers can track their materials wherever it is placed, without any need of changing the site. The autonomous vehicles will be able to use the tags to localize materials when there are no humans around.Den globala befolkningen växer och fler flyttar till städerna än tidigare. Detta skapar ett behov av ökad effektivitet i byggbranschen och möjlighet till arbete i avlägsna miljöer. På dagens byggarbetsplatser är det nödvändigt att kunna organisera platsen på ett bättre sätt. I framtiden kommer de autonoma fordonen få det svårare att lokalisera material på en byggarbetsplats. De autonoma fordonen kan lokalisera sig med kameror och sensorer, men de vet inte hur man lokaliserar material och föremål. Rapporten bygger på ett projekt där kunden var Volvo Construction Equipment och projektet utfördes av studenter från Blekinge Tekniska Högskola och Stanford University. Prompten för projektet löd "Från elefanter till myror - från jorden till mars" och som senare tolkades till att finna en lösning för framtiden som kommer att kunna fungera utan mänsklig påverkan. Från detta projekt skapades denna rapport. Följande forskningsfrågor skulle besvaras: • Hur kan arbetare lokalisera byggmaterial på dagens byggarbetsplatser? • Hur kommer autonoma fordon kunna lokalisera material utan mänsklig hjälp på de framtida byggarbetsplatserna? För att lösa dessa problem startades en designprocess, med vald ingenjörsmetod. Denna metod valdes på grund av typen av problem. I ingenjörsmetoden identifieras problemet för att skapa en lösning till problemet, jämfört men en vetenskaplig metod, där en fråga besvaras. Resultatet från denna rapport är ett produkttjänstesystem (PSS) för ett spårningssystem för att kunna spåra material på dagens och framtida byggarbetsplatser. När denna lösning skapades togs det ingen hänsyn till de ekonomiska aspekterna. Fokus på denna rapport är de första stegen för att gå från dagens byggarbetsplatser mot de framtida byggplatserna där autonomiska fordon kommer att användas. Resultatet av forskningen visade att det finns ett stort behov av att organisera de olika byggarbetsplatserna som besöktes under studiebesöken. Arbetarna har idag ett litet förtroende för de autonoma fordonen som är ett resultat av bristande information och kommunikation inom företagen. För att kunna gå till en autonom framtid måste tankesätt och attityd ändras. Den samlade data analyserades och resultatet var ett spårningssystem som gör det möjligt för både människor och maskiner att lokalisera material på dagens och framtida byggarbetsplatser. Med denna lösning kan dagens arbetare enkelt spåra materialet, utan att behöva omstrukturera arbetsplatsen. De autonoma fordonen kommer kunna använda spårningssystem för att kunna lokalisera material när det inte finns några människor till hands.
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Lu, Di. "Environmental life cycle driven decision making in product design." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34843.
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There is growing interest in the assessment of products from a life cycle perspective. Product life cycles are often dominated by extensive chemical supply chains that lead up to the materials contained in the products and the overwhelming contribution that the production of these chemicals make to the overall life cycle due to their energy intensity. Hence, chemical engineers are uniquely positioned to carry out significant components of this assessment because of their skills in chemical process design and analysis. Furthermore, the complexity and extent of life cycle concerns creates opportunities for new process systems tools to be developed to support product design and analysis.
The specific thesis objectives are threefold. The first is to develop a systematic methodology to optimize material selections for a product based on life cycle inventory (LCI) characteristics. The second is to use this methodology combined with sustainability assessment standards to assess whether these standards are congruent with life cycle assessment. The third is to develop an approach to design product sustainability assessment standards that are clear and consistent with life cycle principles. The overall contributions will be in the applied domain of life cycle assessment and its integration into standards setting, and in contributions to optimization tools and methods.
The three objectives will be illustrated in the domain of carpet systems. Previous research has generated a substantial database of gate-to-gate (GTG) life cycle inventories for various chemicals that make up carpet, extending from the inputs to the final carpet mill back to the natural resources such as oil, natural gas and mined calcium carbonate. Carpet recycling is a promising alternative approach for reducing life cycle impacts and is being practiced at a growing scale in the U.S. This thesis uses the specific individual LCI gate-to-gate blocks for virgin materials and for important carpet recycling and general polymer recycling processes. A database for the GTG LCI will be used to construct a virtual chemical tree that automatically that represents the potential cradle-to-gate (CTG) use of resources. The alternatives for each possible route for the product will be generated, and optimization approaches will be applied to optimize the performance of the carpet system according to life cycle objectives.
Sustainability assessment standards are currently being developed for a range of building products, such as carpet, resilient flooring, commercial textile coverings and office furniture. This activity has been stimulated through the considerable success of the U.S. Green Building Council's (USGBC) LEED standard. The LEED Standard is points-based: the building design and construction earns points for having certain attributes or promoting certain activities. The points are totaled and then the building earns a rating based on the total being above a certain threshold. The second thesis objective is met through extending the LCI optimization methodology to represent point-based standards. A product can then be optimized to maximize the number of points it earns or to minimize its life cycle attributes. This approach can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of an emerging carpet sustainability standard, NSF-140, in integrating LCI into the standard.
The last objective, standard design, is approached through designing the tables that award points in the standard to be consistent with life cycle information. Certain minimum principles of consistency are articulated and then the designs shown to be consistent with these principles in the case that the life cycle impact assessment method maps the life cycle inventory to impact through a linear weighting.
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Grönvik, Lovisa, and Majken Domicelj. "Creating a Sustainable Water Access in Guinea-Bissau." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-228974.
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In Guinea Bissau, one of the third most underdeveloped countries, there are many areas that are hard to reach by any other kind of vehicles than motorcycles – cars struggle with the poor road conditions. This means that many smaller communities, that are at a considerable distance from a larger road or city, become isolated and vulnerable. When the water pumps break down, one of the main issues in the repair process is that the pump mechanics simply struggle to transport their tools and spare parts to these areas. The consequence is that the water pumps are left broken and out of use and people go back to using the water holes instead, where the water normally is of significantly worse quality and often contaminated. This leads to sickness, diseases and loss of workforce in the entire country. This project aims to develop a prototype of a monotrailer that can be used by the pumpmechanics in Guinea Bissau. A monotrailer is a transport vehicle which is attached behind a motorcycle. Motorcycles have very limited loading options, but with a monotrailer the possibilities can be extended. The road conditions are rough, the area of usage is hard to define and the manufacturing possibilities are limited. Given this, the challenges of this project is to develop the monotrailer in a way that it can be manufactured on site and fulfil its purpose. The project has been carried out in both Stockholm aa well as in Guinea Bissau and is acooperation between KTH and Unicef Wash Section.I Guinea Bissau, som är ett av världens tredje mest underutvecklade länder, finns många landområden som är svåra att nå med något annat fordon än motorcyklar – vägarna är så undermåliga att bilar har stora svårigheter att ta sig fram. Det innebär att många mindre samhällen och byar som ligger på betydande avstånd från en större väg eller stad, blir isolerade och lätt hamnar i en sårbar position. När vattenpumpar i byarna går sönder, har det visat sig att ett av de största problemen kring reparationsprocessen är att pumpmekanikerna helt enkelt har svårt att transportera sina verktyg och reservdelar till dessa platser. Påföljden blir att vattenpumparna står oanvända och befolkningen återgår till att hämta vatten i vattenbrunnarna, där vattnet är av betydligt sämre kvalitet och ofta kontaminerat. Detta ledertill ohälsa, sjukdomar och bortfall av arbetskraft i hela landet. Detta projekt syftar till att utveckla en prototyp av en monotrailer för bruk av pumpmekaniker i Guinea Bissau. En monotrailer är ett transportfordon som fästs bakom en motorcykel. Motorcyklar har väldigt begränsade lastmöjligheter och med en monotrailer kan dessa utökas. Vägförhållandena är tuffa, användningsområdet för monotrailern är svårt att definiera och tillverkningmöjligheterna är begränsade. Givet detta, ligger därför utmaningen i detta projekt att utveckla monotrailern så att den går att tillverka på plats och fyller sitt syfte. Projektet har utförts både i Stockholm och på plats i Guinea Bissau och är ett samarbetemellan KTH och Unicef Wash Section.
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Barreflod, Tom-Oskar, and Matilda Nilsson. "Designing Sustainable Alpine Skis : Combining user needs with ecological, social, and economical sustainablility." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79718.
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As alpine skiing is becoming more and more popular the need for sustainable products are increasing in order to enable great skiing and snowy winters in the future. The ski industry is unfortunately far behind many other industries when it comes to sustainability and the shift towards sustainable skis is going slow. Norse Skis is a unique ski manufacturer as they have a sustainable profile and are always in the lookout for new possibilities to take that forward. The goal in this master thesis project is to develop a pair of sustainable skis that will widen Norse Skis’ product catalog. The project was conducted in collaboration with Norse Skis as a master thesis project within the degree of Industrial Design Engineering at Luleå University of Technology. During the development of the skis, the user-centered design process Design Thinking Process was used. The process was divided into three phases; Inspiration, Ideation, and Implementation. During the design process, most of the energy was put on creating a ski that meets the user needs and is as sustainable as possible. Through constant dialog with the users, feedback and evaluation were gained to customize the product to the needs and opinions of the users. To develop skis that are as sustainable as possible, the project has had its base in the three aspects of sustainability; ecological, economic, and social, which are defined in the Brundtland report (World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987). At the beginning of the project, a deep understanding of alpine skis and alpine skiing was gathered. This was followed by a thorough examination of the users through surveys and user observations. It was identified that the users spent most of their time skiing on the piste, but had a vision of being an off-piste skier. This led to the conclusion of designing a ski that is high performing on-piste but also gives the user the possibility to great off-piste skiing. In a benchmarking, Norse Skis’ current skis were compared to their competitors’ to identify Norse Skis’ strengths and what could be improved. When an understanding of the product and the users was gained, the project proceeded into the ideation phase. In the ideation phase solutions on lengths, shapes, names, colors, graphics, and materials were created. Through user surveys, three concepts were created which eventually resulted in one final design. The project result is a pair of 90 mm wide skis with focus on sustainability that are high performing and playful in the piste while providing a nice off-piste ride as well. From the social aspect, they are created with the skier in mind instead of either men, women, or some specific age group. By using materials that are more environmentally friendly than what is used in Norse Skis’ skis today and that either have the same or lower price, the skis are more sustainable from both an ecologic and economic perspective. The design has been approved by the users which led to the recommendation of broadening Norse Skis’ current product catalog with the ski that was the result of this master thesis project.Samtidigt som skidåkning blir mer och mer populärt för var dag som går så ökar behovet av hållbara produkter som möjliggör framtida snöiga vintrar och bra skidåkning. Tyvärr ligger dagens skidtillverkare långt bakom många andra branscher när det kommer till hållbarhet och skiftet mot hållbara skidor går trögt. Norse Skis är en unik skidtillverkare då de har en hållbar profil och ständigt letar efter möjligheter att komma ännu längre fram i utvecklingen. Målet i detta examensarbete är att utveckla ett par hållbara skidor som kan bredda Norse Skis produktkatalog. Projektet utfördes i samarbete med Norse Skis som ett examensarbete på Civilingenjör Teknisk Design med inriktning produktdesign vid Luleå Tekniska Universitet. Under utvecklingen av skidorna användes den användarcentrerade designprocessen Design Thinking Process som är uppdelad i tre faser; Inspiration, Ideation, och Implementation. Under designprocessen låg fokus på att skapa en skida som uppfyller användarbehoven och samtidigt är så hållbar som möjligt. Genom att hela tiden återkoppla med användarna för utvärdering och feedback kunde produkten anpassas efter deras behov och tycke. För att utveckla en så hållbara skida som möjligt har projektet utgått från de tre perspektiven av hållbarhet; ekologisk, ekonomisk, och social som identifieras i Brundtlandsrapporten (World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987). I projektets startskede införskaffades en djup förståelse alpina skidor och alpin skidåkning. Detta följdes av djupdykning i användaren genom enkäter och användarobservationer. Det identifierades att användaren spenderar mest tid i pisten, men har en vision om att vara en off-pist åkare. Detta ledde fram till slutsatsen att designa en skida som är högpresterande i pisten med också ger användaren möjlighet till bra off-pist åkning. I en benchmarking jämfördes sedan Norse Skis nuvarande skidor med konkurrenternas för att identifiera Norse Skis styrkor och vad som kunde göras bättre. När en förståelse över produkten och användarna skapats gick projektet in i idégeneringsfasen. Där skapade olika lösningsförslag på längder, former, namn, färg, grafik, och material. Genom användarundersökningar kunde tre slutkoncept tas fram som slutligen resulterade i ett slutgiligt resultat. Projektresultatet är ett par 90 mm breda skidor med fokus på hållbarhet som är högpresterande och lekfulla i pisten som även ger en härlig åkning utanför. Ur den sociala aspekten är de gjorda för skidåkare istället för enbart män, kvinnor eller någon specifik åldersgrupp. Genom användning av material som är miljövänligare än de som Norse Skis tidigare använt och antingen har samma eller lägre pris så är skidor både hållbarare ur både ett ekologisk och ett ekonomiskt perspektiv. Designen har bekräftats av användarna vilket ledde till att rekommendationen att bredda Norses Skis produktkatalog med skidorna som var resultatet av detta examensarbete.
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Okursoy, Mehmet Ercin. "Barriers And Opportunities For Integrating Sustainable Product Design Into Ankara Small And Medium-sized Furniture Enterprises." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614114/index.pdf.
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The increasing impact of mass production and consumption behaviours have made sustainable product design an important issue in design literature in the last two decades. Studies in the early period focussed on research projects carried out in collaboration with multinational large-sized enterprises, owing to pressures from non-governmental organizations. However, recent studies about sustainable development have pointed out that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) rather than multinationals have a greater share of manufacturing and employment in both industrialized and industrializing countries. Unfortunately, in spite of the important role of SMEs, there is inadequate data and literature relating sustainable design practices to these firms. A lack of information and collaboration, caused partially by communication problems, has resulted in an absence of proper sustainable product design tools for these companies.
Furniture enterprises in Ankara are the focus of this study because of the impact of product design in market possibilities and the spread of employment of product designers in the sector. Attitudes of staff and consultants of furniture SMEs regarding barriers and opportunities of sustainable product design are explored, and contrasted with overlapping points of existing product development methods and strategies in the literature. This work is intended to contribute to improved understanding and application of sustainable product design among furniture sector SMEs. To this end, interviews were conducted with 16 furniture manufacturing enterprises from the furniture industry, based in Ankara region and 5 freelance furniture designers cooperating with these enterprises.
According to the results of the study, furniture sector SMEs are interested more in economic opportunities of sustainable product design rather than environmental and social aspects. Furthermore, a lack of information about environmental issues is observed in micro and small-sized enterprisesto overcome this situation, it is recommended that training sessions are organized to bring together researchers and practitioners.
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López, Itziar. "A PSS-based process : Towards the participation of elderly in co-development of sustainable habitat solutions." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4454.
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In response to the Ageing of our Society, a new paradigm is evolving that promotes healthy ageing and independency through self-care and wellbeing. The role of the living environments is crucial in the Ageing Society to promote wellbeing. Besides, elderly contribution through social participation is essential for their integration and inclusion in society. This thesis explores the case of Cooperative Housing for elderly in Sweden, a concept that promotes the participation of elderly in the design of their habitats. The research is oriented towards a smoother inclusion of elderly in participatory processes aimed at developing sustainable and need-satisfying habitat solutions for elderly. To do this the author explored how the concepts of PSS, Design Thinking, Human Needs and Needfinding could inform the design of those participatory processes. Based on the results of interviews, questionnaires and three case studies on Cooperative Housing, a set of three distinguished types of recommendations was developed to guide the design of future participatory processes: overarching models, process enablers and specific methods and tools for each of the process phases. Mainly, the discussion focuses on the concepts of PSS, human needs-centered design and sustainability, and how those can enable a smoother inclusion of elderly.Joaquin Collar 8 8ºE, 01002 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain +34690666663
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Vu, Anh Tuan, Thi Tam Do, Anh Ngoc Vu, Van Lang Pham, and Feng Chyuan Feng. "Application of EHD-enhanced drying technology: a sustainable approach for Vietnam’s agricultural product processing in the future." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-190780.
Full textAbstract:
Drying contributes a significantly important role in processing of agricultural products in Vietnam, particularly for high-value agricultural exports. Conventionally thermal-based drying techniques have remained critical disadvantages in term of enhancing product quality and process efficiency. The typical disadvantages include deterioration of organoleptic and nutritional properties, highenergy consumption, expensive costs yet low efficiency and hazards to environment change due to the consumption of fossil fuel sources. Electrohydrodynamics (EHD) drying technology has been demonstrated as an innovative solution for drying enhancement in various applications. This paper aims at an overview of the state-of-the-art EHD drying technology to enhance heat and mass transfer in agricultural drying processes. A case study is then presented to demonstrate an even better process efficiency, compared to the state-of-the-art EHD drying technology, and to shorten the gap “research-to-market”. Finally, this study shows obviously potential applications of this innovative technology in sustainable development of food and post-harvesting agricultural processing for Vietnam in the futureSấy khô đóng một vai trò quan trọng trong việc chế biến và bảo quản nông sản sau thu hoạch tại Việt Nam, đặc biệt đối với các mặt hàng nông sản cao cấp phục vụ xuất khẩu. Các phương pháp sấy khô bằng nhiệt truyền thống tồn tại nhiều nhược điểm trong việc nâng cao hiệu quả sấy và bảo đảm chất lượng nông sản. Những nhược điểm nổi bật bao gồm: biến đổi thành phần hóa học và giảm giá trị dinh dưỡng của nông sản sau sấy do sử dụng nhiệt trong quá trình sấy, tiêu hao nhiên liệu lớn, chi phí nhiên liệu, lắp đặt và duy trì hệ thống sấy cao nhưng hiệu suất thấp và đặc biệt ảnh hưởng tới môi trường do sử dụng các nguồn nhiên liệu hóa thạch. Công nghệ sấy cải tiến khíđiện động lực học (EHD) hiện tại đã cho thấy tiềm năng thay thế các phương pháp sấy truyền thống. Bài báo tập trung giới thiệu cơ chế sấy các sản phẩm nông sản bằng công nghệ EHD; qua đó tác giả giới thiệu một mô hình sấy đã chế tạo thành công cho hiệu quả thậm chí còn cao hơn các mô hình hiện tại, đồng thời dễ dàng triển khai trong ngành công nghiệp sấy khô nông sản. Nghiên cứu này chỉ ra tiềm năng ứng dụng to lớn của công nghệ EHD trong phát triển bền vững các quá trình sấy khô nông sản cao cấp tại Việt Nam trong tương lai
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Friman, Klara. "Designing a sustainable product from electronic plastic waste : A study in how an environmentally friendly product can be developed with a discarded material as the starting point." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Maskinkonstruktion, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-110384.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the thesis was to show that it is possible to develop a sustainable product of a discarded material and provide a framework for how to do that. A great amount of discarded material is today put on landfill due to its low value and difficulties to use. But putting the waste on landfill is the least preferred way of handling it, especially when the resources in the world are not infinite. It is therefore of importance that we find another way of handling the discarded material, which is why this thesis was written. During the work has a qoute by McDonough and Braungart (2002) been kept in mind, reminding us, as product designers, of the responsibilty we have for future generations well-being. “How can we love the children of all species– not just our own – for all time?” – McDonough and Braungart. 2002. Remaking the way we want things, pp 168. This thesis consisted of three phases. In phase 1 the plastic WEEEBR (a recycled plastic blend from waste from electrical and electronic equipment) was evaluated and a suitable product for it was found. Phase 2 started with a market research trying to find a market opportunity for that product. Thereafter several concepts for the product was developed. The last phase, phase 3, analyzed and evaluated the two previous phases in order to summarize the process and develop a method for how to put requirements on future products. Phase 1 and 2 are shortly described, thereafter follows the analysis of them. The proposed method are exemplified with concepts and results from phase 1 and 2. The result of the thesis was a method based on following 6 steps: Agree to the company’s vision Evaluate what available material you have Evaluate your technical possibilites with the material Highlight a market possibility Set product requirements Develop the concept This method is generic and shall be used as a guide when developing sustainable products. Developing sustainable products include thinking about what material you have. It is worth thinking about if the product shall be produced locally, with local material and also how the material should be handled after it is used and at last where it ends up.Waste to Design
Closing the loop
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Larsson, Emma, and Maja Nilsson. "Towards sustainable sanitation in slum areas : A field study in Mumbai." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Maskinkonstruktion, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-96362.
Full textAbstract:
Globally, there are 2.5 billion people who do not have access to improved sanitation. One third of these people are living in India. Bad sanitation is both undignified and causes the spread of diseases like diarrhoea. It is a large challenge to handle the problematic situation with sanitation, especially in urban areas. Sustainable sanitary systems that are energy self-sufficient and do not require sewage system are needed. There are new techniques with this in mind that are under development. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the possibilities to implement a sustainable sanitary system in slum areas of Mumbai. The chosen area and existing sanitary techniques is investigated in the literature study. To understand the user requirements and their living situation, a field study is performed in slum areas of Mumbai. Interviews are held with experts from organisations working with the sanitary situation in the area to get a deeper understanding about their experiences. The sanitary situation today is not well functioning, a new way of solving the problem is needed and it has to happen soon. Through an analysis of the empirical findings, three different sanitary situations are presented. It is important that each area is investigated to identify what situation there is, before building new sanitary facilities. To achieve a more sustainable sanitation, one system for each of the three situations should be developed. Requirements for each of the situations are presented and they all have two things in common, the toilet is shared between a determined amount of people and the user has the responsibility for the maintenance. From a cross mapping between the investigated sanitary techniques and the requirements for the three situations, it is clarified what techniques that are suitable in which context. No one of the investigated techniques is a perfect match and further development is needed. One of the sanitary situations is taken further through concept development. The concepts are compared against the requirements to identify the best concept. The best concept with modifications is visualised to exemplify how it may be designed. In the comparison between the requirements and concepts, gaps in the design and issues for further development are identified. The core of this master thesis is to emphasise the importance of having a holistic approach concerning the sanitary situation. It is important that new techniques are being developed with a close connection to the users and the specific environment. By investing money in more sustainable systems, the situation for the slum residents in Mumbai can be improved and at the same time contribute to a more sustainable society.