Academic literature on the topic 'Temperate mangroves'
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Journal articles on the topic "Temperate mangroves"
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Bulmer, R. H., L. Schwendenmann, and C. J. Lundquist. "Sediment CO<sub>2</sub> efflux from cleared and intact temperate mangroves and tidal flats." Biogeosciences Discussions 12, no. 4 (February 25, 2015): 3547–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-3547-2015.
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Abstract. Temperate mangroves in Southern Australia and New Zealand have been increasing in area over the past 50 years, whereas tropical mangroves have declined by 30–50% over a similar time frame. Tropical mangroves are understood to be an important carbon sink and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions following clearance are estimated to be comparable or greater than CO2 emissions following the clearance of many terrestrial forest systems. Recreational and amenity values or perceived loss of other estuarine habitats due to expanding temperate mangrove forests have resulted in clearing of temperate mangroves. In this study, we investigated the impact of temperate mangrove clearance on CO2 efflux from the sediment to the atmosphere along with a range of other biotic and abiotic factors. Significantly higher CO2 efflux rates were measured in cleared (1.34 ± 0.46 μmol m2 s-1) and intact mangrove sites (2.31 ± 0.72 μmol m2 s-1) than in tidal flats (-0.23 ± 0.27 μmol m2 s-1). Site and sediment characteristics such as sediment carbon and nitrogen concentration, chlorophyll α concentration, grain size, mangrove height, macrofaunal abundance, sediment temperature and moisture were strongly correlated with sediment CO2 efflux. Our results suggest that carbon stored within temperate mangrove sediment is released over a period of years to decades after mangrove clearance. CO2 efflux from intact and cleared temperate mangroves was found to be comparable to rates observed in the tropics. Disturbance of the surface biofilm resulted in elevated CO2 efflux across all habitats, suggesting the important role of surface biofilm communities in mediating CO2 efflux.
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Payne, Nicholas Leslie, and Bronwyn May Gillanders. "Assemblages of fish along a mangrove - mudflat gradient in temperate Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 60, no. 1 (2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf08124.
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Mangroves are considered to support rich assemblages of fish and invertebrates. Fishes inhabiting mangrove habitats and at various distances from mangroves across mudflats were sampled to: (1) compare fish assemblages between habitats; and (2) determine the influence of mangrove proximity on fish abundance and diversity in three southern Australian estuaries between November 2005 and January 2006. Based on their distribution, fish species were classified as mangrove residents, mudflat residents, generalists or rare species. The assemblage structure of fish in mangroves differed from assemblages 500 m away; however, neither total abundance nor species richness differed significantly between mangroves and mudflats. Mangrove residents and Aldrichetta forsteri (yellow-eyed mullet) displayed strong associations with mangrove habitats, whereas mudflat residents were associated with mudflat habitats. No other fish groups or individual species occurred in higher abundances in either habitat. Total fish abundance, mangrove residents and A. forsteri were positively correlated with pneumatophore density, indicating that the structural complexity of the mangroves might influence the distributions of certain fish species. The current study demonstrated that mangrove habitats in temperate Australia support no greater abundance or diversity of fish than adjacent mudflat habitats and that mangrove proximity does not influence fish distribution at a habitat scale.
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McGregor, Steven, and Nadine A. Strydom. "The abundance, diversity and distribution of small fishes in mangrove and non-mangrove estuaries in warm temperate South Africa." Scientia Marina 82, no. 2 (July 6, 2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04744.31a.
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Mangroves in tropical and subtropical regions have been well documented in terms of the advantages they provide and their role in structuring ichthyofaunal assemblages, but little is known about their warm temperate counterparts. The study aimed to investigate the importance of warm temperate mangroves by comparing the abundance, diversity and distribution of small fishes in mangrove and non-mangrove estuaries in warm temperate South Africa. A 50x2 m (12-mm mesh) seine net was used over three summer seasons to sample small fishes in the Gonubie, Qora, Nahoon and Xhora estuaries (the latter two being mangrove estuaries). Fish abundance and diversity showed little variation among estuaries, despite the presence of mangroves. Estuaries in warm temperate areas are not only at the edge of mangrove distribution, but also offer alternative habitats which lend similar advantages to fish survival. It appears that warm temperate ichthyofauna have not yet evolved a dependence on mangrove systems in terms of the food, refuge and other ecological services they provide. Understanding the function of habitats and their value in enhancing fish survival in estuarine nursery areas is essential for fish conservation.
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Cavanaugh, Kyle C., Emily M. Dangremond, Cheryl L. Doughty, A. Park Williams, John D. Parker, Matthew A. Hayes, Wilfrid Rodriguez, and Ilka C. Feller. "Climate-driven regime shifts in a mangrove–salt marsh ecotone over the past 250 years." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 43 (October 7, 2019): 21602–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1902181116.
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Climate change is driving the tropicalization of temperate ecosystems by shifting the range edges of numerous species poleward. Over the past few decades, mangroves have rapidly displaced salt marshes near multiple poleward mangrove range limits, including in northeast Florida. It is uncertain whether such mangrove expansions are due to anthropogenic climate change or natural climate variability. We combined historical accounts from books, personal journals, scientific articles, logbooks, photographs, and maps with climate data to show that the current ecotone between mangroves and salt marshes in northeast Florida has shifted between mangrove and salt marsh dominance at least 6 times between the late 1700s and 2017 due to decadal-scale fluctuations in the frequency and intensity of extreme cold events. Model projections of daily minimum temperature from 2000 through 2100 indicate an increase in annual minimum temperature by 0.5 °C/decade. Thus, although recent mangrove range expansion should indeed be placed into a broader historical context of an oscillating system, climate projections suggest that the recent trend may represent a more permanent regime shift due to the effects of climate change.
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Asanopoulos, Christina H., Jeff A. Baldock, Lynne M. Macdonald, and Timothy R. Cavagnaro. "Quantifying blue carbon and nitrogen stocks in surface soils of temperate coastal wetlands." Soil Research 59, no. 6 (2021): 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr20040.
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Coastal wetlands are carbon and nutrient sinks that capture large amounts of atmospheric CO2 and runoff of nutrients. ‘Blue carbon’ refers to carbon stored within resident vegetation (e.g. mangroves, tidal marshes and seagrasses) and soil of coastal wetlands. This study aimed to quantify the impact of vegetation type on soil carbon stocks (organic and inorganic) and nitrogen in the surface soils (0–10 cm) of mangroves and tidal marsh habitats within nine temperate coastal blue carbon wetlands in South Australia. Results showed differences in surface soil organic carbon stocks (18.4 Mg OC ha–1 for mangroves; 17.6 Mg OC ha–1 for tidal marshes), inorganic carbon (31.9 Mg IC ha–1 for mangroves; 35.1 Mg IC ha–1 for tidal marshes), and total nitrogen (1.8 Mg TN ha–1 for both) were not consistently driven by vegetation type. However, mangrove soils at two sites (Clinton and Port Augusta) and tidal marsh soils at one site (Torrens Island) had larger soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. These results highlighted site-specific differences in blue carbon stocks between the vegetation types and spatial variability within sites. Further, differences in spatial distribution of SOC within sites corresponded with variations in soil bulk density (BD). Results highlighted a link between SOC and BD in blue carbon soils. Understanding the drivers of carbon and nitrogen storage across different blue carbon environments and capturing its spatial variability will help improve predictions of the contribution these ecosystems to climate change mitigation.
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Bulmer, R. H., C. J. Lundquist, and L. Schwendenmann. "Sediment properties and CO<sub>2</sub> efflux from intact and cleared temperate mangrove forests." Biogeosciences 12, no. 20 (October 28, 2015): 6169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6169-2015.
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Abstract. Temperate mangrove forests in New Zealand have increased in area over recent decades. Expansion of temperate mangroves in New Zealand is associated with perceived loss of other estuarine habitats, and decreased recreational and amenity values, resulting in clearing of mangrove forests. In the tropics, changes in sediment characteristics and carbon efflux have been reported following mangrove clearance. This is the first study in temperate mangrove (Avicennia marina) forests investigating the impact of clearing on sediment CO2 efflux and associated biotic and abiotic factors. Sediment CO2 efflux rates from intact (168.5 ± 45.8 mmol m−2 d−1) and cleared (133.9 ± 37.2 mmol m−2 d−1) mangrove forests in New Zealand are comparable to rates measured in tropical mangrove forests. We did not find a significant difference in sediment CO2 efflux rates between intact and cleared temperate mangrove forests. Pre-shading the sediment for more than 30 min prior to dark chamber measurements was found to have no significant effect on sediment CO2 efflux. This suggests that the continuation of photosynthetic CO2 uptake by biofilm communities was not occurring after placement of dark chambers. Rather, above-ground mangrove biomass, sediment temperature and chlorophyll a concentration were the main factors explaining the variability in sediment CO2 efflux in intact mangrove forests. The main factors influencing sediment CO2 efflux in cleared mangrove forest sites were sediment organic carbon concentration, nitrogen concentration and sediment grain size. Our results show that greater consideration should be given regarding the rate of carbon released from mangrove forest following clearance and the relative contribution to global carbon emissions.
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Alfaro, Andrea C. "Effects of mangrove removal on benthic communities and sediment characteristics at Mangawhai Harbour, northern New Zealand." ICES Journal of Marine Science 67, no. 6 (May 18, 2010): 1087–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsq034.
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Abstract Alfaro, A. C. 2010. Effects of mangrove removal on benthic communities and sediment characteristics at Mangawhai Harbour, northern New Zealand. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1087–1104. The spread of mangroves at many locations in temperate northern New Zealand provides a stark contrast to the well-documented trend in mangrove forest decline recorded through the tropics and subtropics. To explore this difference, improved understanding is needed of New Zealand's mangrove ecosystems and how they respond to anthropogenic disturbance. The effect of mangrove removal on the community ecology of mangrove stands and adjacent habitats was investigated within Mangawhai Estuary, northern New Zealand, between March 2004 and September 2006. The vegetation, benthic macrofauna, and sediments were sampled within habitats (marshgrass, mangrove stands, pneumatophore zones, sandflats, and channels) at a treatment site (mangroves removed) and two undisturbed sites, before and after mangrove-removal activities. Mature mangrove habitats had less total abundance and fewer taxa than all the other habitats sampled and were dominated by pulmonate snails (Amphibola crenata) and mud crabs (Helice crassa). Whereas faunal composition varied seasonally as a result of life-history dynamics, temporal changes could be attributed to mangrove-removal activities. Mangrove eradication was followed by immediate changes in the sediment from a muddy to sandier environment, which favoured an overall increase in the abundance of crabs, snails, and bivalves. However, unexpected topographic catchment reconfigurations in late 2005 may have caused a subsequent increase in the delivery of silt and organic content to the study area and an overall decrease in faunal density in March and September 2006. The study provides direct evidence of the effect of mangroves on sediment and benthic faunal characteristics and the importance of catchment-derived imports to estuarine ecosystems.
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Mazumder, Debashish, Neil Saintilan, Fatimah M. Yusoff, and Jeffrey J. Kelleway. "Equivalence of trophic structure between a tropical and temperate mangrove ecosystem in the Indo-Pacific." Marine and Freshwater Research 70, no. 10 (2019): 1436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf18072.
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In this study we compared ecosystem trophic structure between a tropical mangrove forest at Matang, Malaysia, and a temperate mangrove forest near mangrove poleward limits at Towra Point in south-east Australia. These forests are separated by 8500km of ocean over 45° of latitude and are of contrasting size, productivity and diversity. However, we observed a marked degree of similarity in food chain length (approximately four trophic levels in both forests), the taxonomy of key intermediate members of the food chain and the isotope signature of primary carbon sources, suggesting a strong contribution of surface organic matter rather than mangrove detritus. Common families were represented among dominant grazing herbivores, zooplanktivorous fishes, decapod crustaceans and top predators. These similarities suggest that there is some consistency in trophic interactions within two mangroves on opposite sides of the Indo-Pacific, despite a degree of evolutionary divergence in the assemblage.
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Whitt, Ashley A., Rhys Coleman, Catherine E. Lovelock, Chris Gillies, Daniel Ierodiaconou, Muvindu Liyanapathirana, and Peter I. Macreadie. "March of the mangroves: Drivers of encroachment into southern temperate saltmarsh." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 240 (August 2020): 106776. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2020.106776.
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Mazumder, Debashish, and Neil Saintilan. "Mangrove Leaves are Not an Important Source of Dietary Carbon and Nitrogen for Crabs in Temperate Australian Mangroves." Wetlands 30, no. 2 (March 3, 2010): 375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13157-010-0021-2.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Temperate mangroves"
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Muller, Cuen. "Evaluating the importance of mangroves as fish nurseries in selected warm temperate South African estuaries." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/12080.
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The value of mangrove habitats as fish nurseries was assessed by comparing communities of early stage and juvenile fishes between estuaries with and without mangroves. Early stage fishes were sampled using boat-based plankton towing while juveniles were sampled by seine netting. Sampling took place at five sites spaced 1 km apart starting near the estuary mouth in four estuaries along the temperate coastline of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Four estuaries were selected based on shared similarities which included catchment area, estuarine area and shared habitats barring the presence of mangroves which occupied the river margins of two systems. Results revealed that early stage and juvenile fish communities (both marine- and estuary-spawned) were similar between systems with and without mangrove habitats. Differences in fish communities among estuaries were rather attributed to axial salinity gradients associated with greater freshwater input, while season and temperature produced significant variances in fish densities with Generalised Additive Models revealing responses of communities to these variables. A common estuarine-dependent fish, Rhabdosargus holubi (Family Sparidae), was further investigated to determine habitat use, residency and dietary patterns in different mangrove habitats. High habitat residency in this species was revealed during a short-term tagging study using Visible Implant Elastomer tags and long-term isotope analysis in juveniles sampled from two contrasting mangrove habitats. A wider feeding niche was observed in an eelgrass-red mangrove connected habitat when compared with more exposed white mangrove areas. Low dependence on mangrove habitats in temperate estuaries is likely due to their tidally dominated inundation and limited refuge potential due to smaller area coverage by mangroves in temperate estuaries. Relatively lower primary productivity in warm temperate mangrove areas, relative to their tropical counterparts, provides no significant feeding advantage or refuge opportunities relative to other available habitats in these estuaries. Warm temperate estuaries, which are both spatially and temporally highly variable, instead host species which are habitat generalists, able to capitalise on these highly dynamic environments.
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Leitholf, Susan. "ASSESSING AND MODELING MANGROVE FOREST DYNAMICS ALONG THE TEMPERATE-SUBTROPICAL ECOTONE IN EASTERN FLORIDA." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2611.
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Mangrove ecosystems are among the world's most endangered biomes; nearly one-half of the overall coverage is threatened by human activity, invasive species, and global climate change. Mangroves play an important ecosystem role through detrital production and by providing: fisheries and wildlife nursery habitat, shoreline protection, a sink for nutrients, carbon, and sediment. In addition to human activity, the Florida mangroves (Avicennia germinans, Laguncularia racemosa, and Rhizophora mangle) are being threatened by the invasive Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius). This study was performed along a 261 km stretch of the east coast of Florida from Sebastian Inlet to the northern extent of mangroves, near St. Augustine. It entailed two parts. The first examined the phenology and leafing rates of the four species and attempted to find if there was a relationship between growth and latitude or temperature. Although a correlation between peaks in temperature and phenology was observed for all species, no leafing pattern could be discerned. In terms of mangrove growth for branch diameter, a logarithmic model (y=a + b•log [Initial diameter]) best fitted the data for R. mangle and L. racemosa but neither latitude nor temperature appeared to be important. However, S. terebinthifolius' and A. germinans's branch diameter growth were best represented by a logarithmic model (y=a + b•log [Initial diameter] + c•log x2) that incorporated temperature and latitudinal respectively. In the second part, a simulation model was developed to focus on understanding the relationships between establishment and competition among the three mangrove species and the invading S. terebinthifolius. This model was run under various invasion and/or climate change scenarios to determine possible outcomes under global climate change with or without the presence of S. terebinthifolius. Conclusions were drawn that under all scenarios of invasion, other than sea level rise as part of global climate change, S. terebinthifolius would dominate the landscape if allowed to invade and establish in areas in which it is not currently present although the amount of this response is dependent on the S. terebinthifolius response curves.M.S.
Department of Biology
Sciences
Biology MS
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Gwyther, Janet, and mikewood. "The ecology of meiofauna in a temperate mangrove ecosystem in south-eastern Australia." Deakin University. School of Ecology and Environment, 2002. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20060705.140427.
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The meiofauna of a mangrove forest in the River Barwon estuary was studied by means of surveys and field experiments. Distinctive assemblages of meiofauna were described from the sediment and pneumatophores of the ecosystem. Fine resolution of phytal habitats was demonstrated, and particular assemblages of meiofauna were characteristic within habitat provided by dominant epibionts. Distribution of the meiofauna within leaf litter revealed high turnover rates of nematodes, and some factors controlling detrital assemblages were assessed. The vertical profile of sedimentary meiofauna was examined, and changes in abundance were related to the tychopelagic habit of many taxa at high tide. Dispersal within the water column was confirmed by pelagic trapping, and colonisation of mimic pneumatophores was investigated. The amount of algal cover, effects of grazing by gastropods, and rugosity of the colonised surface were shown to influence meiofauna colonisation of mimic pneumatophores. Establishment and persistence of patchy distributions of meiofauna at scales of less than 10 m in an intertidal environment was demonstrated, and it was concluded that this was due to the dynamic nature of assemblages rather than their integrity.
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Yerman, Michelle Nerida. "Temperate urban mangrove forests : their ecological linkages with adjacent habitats /." View thesis, 2003. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20060517.092914/index.html.
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Thesis (M. Sc.) (Hons) -- University of Western Sydney, 2003."Submitted in accordance with guidelines for the Degree of Master of Science (Hons), College of Science, Technology and the Environment, University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, Richmond NSW, Australia, March 2003." Includes bibliography : leaves 229 - 254, and appendices.
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Indarjani. "Infaunal communities in South Australian temperate mangrove systems." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/37950.
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South Australian mangroves consist of only one single species Avicennia marina (Fosk.) Vierh.var australasica (Walp) Moldenke, 1960. They are distributed discontinuously within St. Vincent Gulf and Spencer Gulf and provide significant valuable habitat both in economical and ecological terms. The Fisheries Act 1971-1982 protected the existence of mangroves and the Harbour Act 1936-1981 controlled removal of mangrove areas in coastal development. To date very few ecological studies have been conducted in the South Australian mangroves, particularly on the infaunal organisms that have an important role in maintaining the ecological dynamic within the estuaries systems. As this is the first study on infaunal mangrove communities in the inverse estuaries of South Australia, there was no prior data for ecological comparison. The study was conducted at three mangroves location (Garden Island, Middle Beach and Saint Kilda) close to Adelaide in May 2000 and 2001. Overall the study has reported that the infaunal mangrove assemblages of South Australian mangroves were comparable to other temperate mangroves. The infaunal communities were characterised by lower diversity and abundance compared to the tropical or subtropical mangroves. The infaunal zonation related to the tidal gradient and habitat variation was detected. Most infauna organisms occupied the surface layers and substantially decreased towards the deeper layers. The study also suggested that sediment structure of mangrove systems were complex and infaunal communities responded differently to the change of environmental conditions both in small scale and larger scale. Thus, assessing the infaunal communities structure in mangrove systems should be based on ecological characteristics rather than geographical positions. The examination of dominant polychaetes families showed that different species have different responses to the environmental cues within mangrove systems. The study did not find that any polychaete species was restricted to mangroves only as they all were also found in the habitat adjacent mangrove forest.Thesis (Ph.D.)--School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2003.
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Yerman, Michelle N., University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College, and School of Natural Sciences. "Temperate urban mangrove forests : their ecological linkages with adjacent habitats." THESIS_CSTE_NSC_Yerman_M.xml, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/652.
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Estuarine habitats along the temperate south-eastern shores of Australia are generally made up of salt marsh, mangrove forests and seagrass beds. In urban areas these habitats have been progressively fragmented as a result of population increase and industrial expansion. Salt marshes in particular have been vulnerable to urban expansion and reclamation because of their close proximity to densely populated areas, while mangrove forests have been less often reclaimed because of frequent tidal inundation. The effect of reclamation of salt marshes on the biotic assemblages and functioning of mangrove forests with an adjacent salt marsh, park or bund wall was examined at nine separate locations on the Parramatta River, Sydney NSW. A mensurative approach was used to describe the patterns of distribution and abundance of macro fauna at several temporal and spatial scales. The implications for management are that salt marshes are an integral part of estuaries, and smaller patches of salt marsh are just as important as larger patches in maintaining the diversity of faunal assemblages and ecosystem functioning in mangrove forests in urban areasMaster of Science (Hons)
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Hoguane, Antonio Mubango. "Hydrodynamics, temperature and salinity in mangrove swamps in Mozambique." Thesis, Bangor University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318565.
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Bornman, Eugin. "An appraisal of warm temperate mangrove estuaries as food patches using zooplankton and RNA: DNA ratios of Gilchristella aestuaria larvae as indicators." Thesis, Nelson Mandela University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/17908.
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Mangrove habitats are considered as the ideal fish nursery as they are known to increase the growth and survival of juvenile fishes by providing enhanced food availability and protection. However, most studies have focused on tropical mangroves with a few recent warm temperate studies finding conflicting results. Furthermore, the nursery value of South African mangroves to fishes remain understudied in subtropical areas, while warm temperate mangroves are yet to be evaluated. This study aimed to assess whether mangrove presence leads to any advantage to the larvae of an important estuarine resident fish species, Gilchristella aestuaria, by comparing the food patch quality of South African warm temperate mangrove and non-mangrove estuaries. Results indicate that larvae fed primarily on the dominant prey species, Pseudodiaptomus hessei, Paracrtia longipatella, and Acartiella natalensis. However, postflexion larvae consumed more of the larger species, P. hessei, within the two mangrove estuaries (16.09 %V in Nahoon and 13.79 %V in Xhora) than the two nonmangrove estuaries (12.20 %V in Gonubie and 7.05 %V in Qora), despite other prey species occurring at similar densities. Results indicate that mangrove habitats acted as sediment sinks, slightly reducing the turbidity of these estuaries which resulted in postflexion larvae actively selecting larger, more nutritious prey, which in turn, significantly increased their individual instantaneous growth rates (0.11 ± 0.21 Gi) when compared to postflexion larvae in non-mangrove estuaries (0.09 ± 0.12 Gi). This study found that mangrove presence was significantly related to postflexion larval densities when coupled with abiotic (such as temperature and turbidity) and biotic factors (such as predator-prey interactions). Understanding the spatial and temporal dynamics, predator-prey interactions as well as the growth and survival of G. aestuaria is particularly important as they are key zooplanktivores that are prey to other species in estuarine food webs.
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Thapa, Bina. "Spatio-temporal Analysis of Chilling Events in Mangrove Forests of South Florida." FIU Digital Commons, 2014. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1209.
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Chilling events are infrequent but important disturbances in subtropical Florida. When temperatures drop to near freezing, significant mortality often accrues in mangrove forests. Chilling events play a role in maintaining structural diversity in mangrove forests, and in limiting mangrove poleward distribution. I examined the spatio-temporal distribution of chilling events in mangrove forests of southern Biscayne Bay by using Landsat TM5 images since 1989. Damage was usually confined to dwarf mangrove forest, especially when chilling temperatures were moderate and short in duration. However, damage from extended and severe freezes such as in January 2010 impacted larger trees as well. Recovery is gradual, often extending over multiple years, depending on disturbance severity. Plant communities respond to repeated chilling with increase in the dominance of black mangrove. In the absence of chilling events, patch level dynamics might lead to prevalence of a more homogenous tall red mangrove canopy in these wetlands. Such a trajectory may result with increasing temperatures expected under current global climate change scenarios
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Novitzky, Peter. "Analysis of Mangrove Structure and Latitudinal Relationships on the Gulf Coast of Peninsular Florida." Scholar Commons, 2010. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1726.
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The coastline of Florida has been formed by geomorphic processes which have created suitable habitats for certain vegetation and organisms. One type of vegetation is the mangrove; this plant has a latitudinal range of 24° to 32° N latitude which is associated with local climatic changes (Mitsch 2000). There are three species of mangrove found in Florida: red (Rhizophora), black (Avicennia), and white (Languncularia) (USGS 2006). Mangroves have adapted overtime to live in different ecosystems which cause mangroves, along the Florida coast, of the same species not be the same.
Climatic variation causes individual mangrove trees have structural differences such as: tree height, diameter, and density; these variations are related to geographic location (Pool 1997, Schaeffer-Novelli 1990). Tree height is the measurement from the base of the tree trunk of the ground to the top of the tree. The diameter, also known as diameter at breast height (DBH), is the circumference of the tree trunk 1.21 meters from the ground. Density is the frequency of individual tress within predetermined distance. Florida's southwest coast has one of the world's biggest mangrove swamps called Ten Thousand Islands (Mitsch 2000). In northern Florida the mangrove swamps begin to mix with salt marsh vegetation, here mangroves are more like shrubs than trees (Mitsch 2000). The changes in individual mangrove structure could be a result of available freshwater and temperature.
This project was a quantitative analysis using published and original data for graph production to understand the structural variation of mangroves on Florida's gulf coast at different latitudes. Study sites were located in bays along the Gulf of Mexico. The gulf coast of Florida was the study area of this project because it is the northern latitudinal limit for mangroves and as the latitude changes mangrove plant structure changes (Mitsch 2000). The tree height, diameter, basal area, biomass, and densities were compared to the precipitation and temperature values to understand the effect climate has on mangroves.
Books on the topic "Temperate mangroves"
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McPhee, Daryl. Environmental History and Ecology of Moreton Bay. CSIRO Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486307227.
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The south-east Queensland region is currently experiencing the most rapid urbanisation in Australia. This growth in human population, industry and infrastructure puts pressure on the unique and diverse natural environment of Moreton Bay. Much loved by locals and holiday-goers, Moreton Bay is also an important biogeographic region because its coral reefs, seagrass beds, mangroves and saltmarshes provide a suitable environment for both tropical and temperate species. The bay supports a large number of species of global conservation significance, including marine turtles, dugongs, dolphins, whales and migratory shorebirds, which use the area for feeding or breeding.
Environmental History and Ecology of Moreton Bay provides an interdisciplinary examination of Moreton Bay, increasing understanding of existing and emerging pressures on the region and how these may be mitigated and managed. With chapters on the bay's human uses by Aboriginal peoples and later European settlers, its geology, water quality, marine habitats and animal communities, and commercial and recreational fisheries, this book will be of value to students in the marine sciences, environmental consultants, policy-makers and recreational fishers.
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Boland, DJ, MIH Brooker, GM Chippendale, N. Hall, BPM Hyland, RD Johnston, DA Kleinig, MW McDonald, and JD Turner. Forest Trees of Australia. CSIRO Publishing, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643069701.
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Forest Trees of Australia is the essential reference for observing, identifying and obtaining information on the native trees in this country. It describes and illustrates over 300 of our most important indigenous trees, which have been carefully selected for their environmental significance, their importance to the timber industry, or their prominence in our landscape.
This new and thoroughly revised edition has been fully updated throughout and includes treatments of 72 additional species. New maps and photographs show us a wonderfully diverse range of forests, from mangrove swamps, tropical regions and deserts, to alpine areas and majestic stands of temperate forests. A colour section illustrates some of the major forest types of Australia and bark from a diverse range of species.
Forest Trees of Australia is an unsurpassed guide to identification for horticulturists, botanists, foresters, students, farmers, environmentalists and all those who are interested in our native trees.
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McCrie, Niven, and Richard Noske. Birds of the Darwin Region. CSIRO Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486300358.
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Birds of the Darwin Region is the first comprehensive treatment of the avifauna of Darwin, a city located in Australia's monsoon tropics, where seasons are defined by rainfall rather than by temperature. With its mangrove-lined bays and creeks, tidal mudflats, monsoon rainforests, savanna woodlands and freshwater lagoons, Darwin has retained all of its original habitats in near-pristine condition, and is home or host to 323 bird species. Unlike other Australian cities, it has no established exotic bird species.
Following an introduction to the history of ornithology in the region and a detailed appraisal of its avifauna, species accounts describe the habitats, relative abundance, behaviour, ecology and breeding season of 258 regularly occurring species, based on over 500 fully referenced sources, and original observations by the authors. Distribution maps and charts of the seasonality of each species are presented, based on a dataset comprising almost 120,000 records, one-third of which were contributed by the authors. Stunning colour photographs adorn the accounts of most species, including some of the 65 species considered as vagrants to the region.
This book is a must-read for professional ornithologists and amateur birders, and an indispensable reference for local biologists, teachers and students, and government and non-government environmental agencies, as well as other people who just like to watch birds.
Book chapters on the topic "Temperate mangroves"
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Yerman, Michelle N., and Pauline M. Ross. "Landscape issues for the macrofauna in temperate urban mangrove forests." In Urban Wildlife, 205–10. P.O. Box 20, Mosman NSW 2088, Australia: Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/fs.2004.099.
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Emmerson, W. D. "Aspects of the population dynamics of Neosarmatium meinerti at Mgazana, a warm temperate mangrove swamp in the East Cape, South Africa, investigated using an indirect method." In Advances in Decapod Crustacean Research, 221–29. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0645-2_24.
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"Mangroves as Fish Habitat." In Mangroves as Fish Habitat, edited by Chelsea R. Barreto, Pedram P. Daneshgar, and John A. Tiedemann. American Fisheries Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874424.ch9.
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<em>Abstract</em>.—Mangrove ecosystems are being lost globally at an alarming rate due to deforestation, reclamation, and urbanization. Not only is the loss of these ecosystems detrimental to the commercially and ecologically important marine species they support, there is also a reduction in the ecosystem services they provide, namely mitigating rising carbon dioxide levels by serving as carbon sinks. These ecosystems, labeled as “blue carbon” sinks, potentially sequester more than 10 times the carbon that tropical and temperate ecosystems do. Thus, conservation and restoration of these blue carbon sinks is imperative. We explored how much carbon is currently stored in dwarf red mangrove <em>Rhizophora </em>mangle biomass in tidal creeks of Eleuthera, Bahamas. In October of 2012, four sites were selected near Cape Eleuthera, maximizing site variability. All sampling was done from six plots established at each site. The quantity of carbon stored in mangroves was determined from plant biomass, which was extrapolated from plant volumes. Mangrove volumes were determined from growth parameters of individuals. It was observed that there were large differences from site to site in number of individuals, sediment depth, biomass accumulation, and carbon allocation of mangroves, but the total amount of carbon stored from site to site in mangroves did not differ. The site with the greatest biomass and carbon storage also had the greatest sediment depth, suggesting a correlation between the two. Regardless of the site to site variability, mangroves proved to be good stores for carbon. Future work should search for the factors that explain site to site variability.
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"Mangroves as Fish Habitat." In Mangroves as Fish Habitat, edited by Chelsea R. Barreto, Pedram P. Daneshgar, and John A. Tiedemann. American Fisheries Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874424.ch9.
Full textAbstract:
<em>Abstract</em>.—Mangrove ecosystems are being lost globally at an alarming rate due to deforestation, reclamation, and urbanization. Not only is the loss of these ecosystems detrimental to the commercially and ecologically important marine species they support, there is also a reduction in the ecosystem services they provide, namely mitigating rising carbon dioxide levels by serving as carbon sinks. These ecosystems, labeled as “blue carbon” sinks, potentially sequester more than 10 times the carbon that tropical and temperate ecosystems do. Thus, conservation and restoration of these blue carbon sinks is imperative. We explored how much carbon is currently stored in dwarf red mangrove <em>Rhizophora </em>mangle biomass in tidal creeks of Eleuthera, Bahamas. In October of 2012, four sites were selected near Cape Eleuthera, maximizing site variability. All sampling was done from six plots established at each site. The quantity of carbon stored in mangroves was determined from plant biomass, which was extrapolated from plant volumes. Mangrove volumes were determined from growth parameters of individuals. It was observed that there were large differences from site to site in number of individuals, sediment depth, biomass accumulation, and carbon allocation of mangroves, but the total amount of carbon stored from site to site in mangroves did not differ. The site with the greatest biomass and carbon storage also had the greatest sediment depth, suggesting a correlation between the two. Regardless of the site to site variability, mangroves proved to be good stores for carbon. Future work should search for the factors that explain site to site variability.
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Morrisey, Donald J., Andrew Swales, Sabine Dittmann, Mark A. Morrison, Catherine E. Lovelock, and Catherine M. Beard. "The Ecology and Management of Temperate Mangroves." In Oceanography and Marine Biology, 43–160. Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/ebk1439821169-2.
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Morrisey, Donald, Andrew Swales, Sabine Dittmann, Mark Morrison, Catherine Lovelock, and Catherine Beard. "The Ecology and Management of Temperate Mangroves." In Oceanography and Marine Biology, 43–160. CRC Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/ebk1439821169-c2.
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Banda, Sinegugu P., Janine B. Adams, Anusha Rajkaran, Jaime Leigh Johnson, and Jacqueline L. Raw. "Blue carbon storage comparing mangroves with saltmarsh and seagrass habitats at a warm temperate continental limit." In Dynamic Sedimentary Environments of Mangrove Coasts, 447–71. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-816437-2.00008-2.
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Young, Kenneth R., and Paul E. Berry. "Flora and Vegetation." In The Physical Geography of South America. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195313413.003.0013.
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South America’s shape, size, and geographic position, now and in the past, have acted to influence the development of diverse coverings of land surfaces with plants of different sizes, adaptations, and origins. Underlying geologic structures have been exposed to weathering regimes, thereby resulting in a multiplicity of landforms, soil types, and ecological zones. The most notable large-scale features are the Andes, which curl along the western margin of the continent, and the broad swath of the Amazon lowlands in the equatorial zone. However, there are also extensive, more ancient mountain systems in the Brazilian Shield of east-central Brazil and the Guiana Shield in northern South America. The interplay of environmental factors has given rise to a panoply of vegetation types, from coastal mangroves to interior swamplands, savannas, and other grasslands, deserts, shrublands, and a wide array of dry to moist and lowland to highland forest types. The narrower southern half of South America is also complex vegetationally because of the compression of more vegetation types into a smaller area and the diverse climatic regimes associated with subtropical and temperate middle latitudes. Alexander von Humboldt began to outline the major features of the physical geography of South America in his extensive writings that followed his travels in the early nineteenth century (von Humboldt, 1815–1832). For example, he first documented the profound influences of contemporary and historical geologic processes such as earthquakes and volcanoes, how vegetation in mountainous areas changes as elevation influences the distributions of plant species, and the effect of sea surface temperatures on atmospheric circulation and uplift and their impacts on precipitation and air temperatures (Botting, 1973; Faak and Biermann, 1986). His initial insights, in combination with modern observations (Hueck and Seibert, 1972; Cabrera and Willink, 1973; Davis et al., 1997; Lentz, 2000), still serve to frame our synthesis of the major vegetation formations of South America. In this chapter, we relate vegetation formations to spatial gradients of soil moisture and elevation in the context of broad climatic and topographic patterns.
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"Mangroves as Fish Habitat." In Mangroves as Fish Habitat, edited by Karen J. Murchie, Sascha Clark Danylchuk, Andy J. Danylchuk, and Steven J. Cooke. American Fisheries Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874424.ch6.
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<em>Abstract</em>.—Three adjacent tidal creek systems (Page, Kemps, and Broad creeks) on Cape Eleuthera, The Bahamas were studied to quantify the variation in fish community structure and habitat characteristics over small (<5 km) spatial scales. Snorkeling transects were used to census the fish community on a summer new moon during slack high tide and involved the simultaneous assessment of each creek and each zone within the creek (i.e., mouth, middle, and upper) replicated over three consecutive days. The simultaneous assessment (involving large teams) was done to enable direct comparison without spatial sampling being confounded by time. Habitat assessments included measurements of water quality parameters, sediment sampling, and vegetation surveys. Despite their close proximity, creeks differed in both fish community structure and habitat characteristics. Broad Creek had the greatest fish species richness (<em>n </em>= 15), followed by Kemps Creek (<em>n </em>= 14) and Page Creek (<em>n </em>= 10). Mangrove habitats had significantly greater fish species diversity in Broad Creek while sea grass habitats resulted in higher species richness in Page Creek, relative to other habitat types. Mangrove and algal plain habitats had the highest fish species diversity in Kemps Creek. Within creeks, fish abundance was dependent on zonation, with the largest number of fish being found in creek mouths compared to upper sections. Water quality parameters (i.e., temperature, dissolved oxygen, and salinity) differed among the creeks, presumably reflecting creek morphology. Out of the 10 different species of vegetation observed, 60% were found in all tidal creeks. Coarse sand was the predominant particle size for all creeks, with variation in the second most abundant particle size between Page Creek and the others. This study reveals the great heterogeneity of tidal creek fish community and habitat characteristics and illustrates that conservation and management strategies along with monitoring programs must recognize the variation that can occur among and within coastal creeks over relatively small spatial scales.
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"Mangroves as Fish Habitat." In Mangroves as Fish Habitat, edited by Karen J. Murchie, Sascha Clark Danylchuk, Andy J. Danylchuk, and Steven J. Cooke. American Fisheries Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874424.ch6.
Full textAbstract:
<em>Abstract</em>.—Three adjacent tidal creek systems (Page, Kemps, and Broad creeks) on Cape Eleuthera, The Bahamas were studied to quantify the variation in fish community structure and habitat characteristics over small (<5 km) spatial scales. Snorkeling transects were used to census the fish community on a summer new moon during slack high tide and involved the simultaneous assessment of each creek and each zone within the creek (i.e., mouth, middle, and upper) replicated over three consecutive days. The simultaneous assessment (involving large teams) was done to enable direct comparison without spatial sampling being confounded by time. Habitat assessments included measurements of water quality parameters, sediment sampling, and vegetation surveys. Despite their close proximity, creeks differed in both fish community structure and habitat characteristics. Broad Creek had the greatest fish species richness (<em>n </em>= 15), followed by Kemps Creek (<em>n </em>= 14) and Page Creek (<em>n </em>= 10). Mangrove habitats had significantly greater fish species diversity in Broad Creek while sea grass habitats resulted in higher species richness in Page Creek, relative to other habitat types. Mangrove and algal plain habitats had the highest fish species diversity in Kemps Creek. Within creeks, fish abundance was dependent on zonation, with the largest number of fish being found in creek mouths compared to upper sections. Water quality parameters (i.e., temperature, dissolved oxygen, and salinity) differed among the creeks, presumably reflecting creek morphology. Out of the 10 different species of vegetation observed, 60% were found in all tidal creeks. Coarse sand was the predominant particle size for all creeks, with variation in the second most abundant particle size between Page Creek and the others. This study reveals the great heterogeneity of tidal creek fish community and habitat characteristics and illustrates that conservation and management strategies along with monitoring programs must recognize the variation that can occur among and within coastal creeks over relatively small spatial scales.
Conference papers on the topic "Temperate mangroves"
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"Temperature Influencing on Carbon and Nitrogen Ratio in Mangrove Soil." In March 2017 Singapore International Conferences. EAP, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/eap.eap317215.
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Zhang, Xue-Hong. "Improving Remote Sensing Identification Accuracy of Mangrove Using Temperature and Moisture Information." In 2012 Fifth International Conference on Information and Computing Science (ICIC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icic.2012.30.
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Balbin, Jessie R., and Mary Joy S. delos Reyes. "Development and implementation of low cost salinity and temperature monitoring system for mangrove forest." In 2017 IEEE 9th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hnicem.2017.8269437.
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Utami, Rizka, Dwi Gustiono, Nendar Herdianto, Seto Roseno, Mochammad Dachyar Effendi, and Helga Dwi Fahyuan. "Synthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite bioceramic from waste of serai snail shells and mangrove crabs for the Coast of West TanjungJabung: Effects of sintering temperature." In 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMISTRY, CHEMICAL PROCESS AND ENGINEERING (IC3PE). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0062624.
Full textReports on the topic "Temperate mangroves"
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Solaun, Kepa, Gerard Alleng, Adrián Flores, Chiquita Resomardono, Katharina Hess, and Helena Antich. State of the Climate Report: Suriname. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003398.
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Suriname is highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. Among the factors that exacerbate its vulnerability are its dependency on fossil fuels, the degradation of important ecosystems (e.g., mangroves), and the fact that 87% of the population, and most of the countrys economic activity is located within the low-lying coastal area. Many sectors are at risk of suffering losses and damage caused by gradual changes and extreme events related to climate change. For Suriname to develop sustainably, it should incorporate climate change and its effects into its decision-making process based on scientific- evidence. The State of the Climate Report analyzes Surinames historical climate (1990-2014) and provides climate projections for three time horizons (2020-2044, 2045-2069, 2070-2094) through two emissions scenarios (intermediate/ SSP2-4.5 and severe/ SSP5-8.5). The analysis focuses on changes in sea level, temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, and winds for the seven subnational locations of Paramaribo, Albina, Bigi Pan MUMA, Brokopondo, Kwamalasamutu, Tafelberg Natural Reserve, and Upper Tapanahony. The Report also analyzes climate risk for the countrys ten districts by examining the factors which increase their exposure and vulnerability on the four most important sectors affected by climate change: infrastructure, agriculture, water, and forestry, as well as examining the effects across the sectors. The State of the Climate Report provides essential inputs for Suriname to develop and update its climate change policies and targets. These policies and targets should enable an adequate mainstreaming of climate change adaptation and resilience enhancementinto day-to-day government operations. It is expected that the Report will catalyze similar efforts in the future to improve decision-making by providing science-based evidence.