Journal articles: 'Temperate coast'

1

MacKinnon, Andy. "West coast, temperate, old-growth forests." Forestry Chronicle 79, no. 3 (June 1, 2003): 475–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc79475-3.

Full text

Abstract:

Canada's west coast, temperate, old-growth forests include its largest, most commercially valuable, fastest-growing, oldest, and certainly most fought-over forests. They can be divided into three main types: coastal rainforest, coastal subalpine forest, and "rain-shadow" forest. Although there is great variation within each of these broad types, coastal rainforests and subalpine forests share a wet climate and are relatively unimpacted by fire as a stand-replacing disturbance. This allows development of multi-aged, multi-canopy, old-growth forests with large volumes of living and dead wood. These forests are structurally and biologically complex. Coastal rain-shadow forests, on the other hand, have a distinctively drier climate (for the coast), and a history of frequent, low-intensity fires. Although well over half of Canada's original west coast, temperate, old-growth forests remain as old growth, there is great variation ecologically and geographically. In general, the percentage of old-growth forest remaining increases with increasing latitude and elevation. Key words: old growth, old-growth forest, coastal British Columbia, temperate rainforest, protected areas, stand structure

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Wakefield, Corey B., Ian C. Potter, Norman G. Hall, Rodney C. J. Lenanton, and Sybrand A. Hesp. "Marked variations in reproductive characteristics of snapper (Chrysophrys auratus, Sparidae) and their relationship with temperature over a wide latitudinal range." ICES Journal of Marine Science 72, no. 8 (June 16, 2015): 2341–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsv108.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The timing and duration of spawning and maturation schedules of Chrysophrys auratus were determined for populations in one subtropical (∼25°S on the upper west coast) and two temperate regions (∼32°S on the lower west and ∼35°S on the south coasts) over >2000 km of coastline along the west coast of Australia. This study thus encompassed the wide latitudinal range of this recreationally and commercially important sparid in this region. The results were used, in conjunction with previously published data, to explore traditional paradigms regarding the relationships between the reproductive characteristics and variations in water temperature. Spawning at each latitude occurred mainly at 19–21°C, but following a decline in temperature in the subtropical region and after a rise in temperature in the two temperate regions. Spawning on the upper west coast thus occurred between mid-autumn and early spring (∼7 months) as opposed to late winter to early summer on the lower west coast (∼6 months). Spawning on the south coast was mainly restricted to mid-spring to early summer (∼2–3 months) in 2003 and 2004 and did not occur in 2005 when temperatures in this period were the coldest on record. Thus, marked interannual differences in the prevalence of mature fish on the south coast probably reflect the “marginality” of the population. The length (L50) and age (A50) at which C. auratus matured increased markedly from 25 to 32°S. Studies such as this allow for latitudinal variations in reproductive characteristics to be incorporated into population models to optimize fisheries sustainable yield, and contribute towards appropriate spatial scales for sustainable management strategies (e.g. minimum legal lengths consistent with latitudinal variation in length-based maturity schedules). The narrow temperature range over which this species spawns accounts for its current latitudinal distribution and enables predictions of how this distribution might alter with climate change. This study provides relevant information for management and climate change implications for similar subtropical and temperate marine teleosts.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Short, Andrew D. "Australia's temperate carbonate coast: sources, depositional environments and implications." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 388, no. 1 (July 24, 2013): 389–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp388.5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Ndhlovu, Aldwin, Christopher D. McQuaid, Katy Nicastro, Nathalie Marquet, Marcos Gektidis, Cristián J. Monaco, and Gerardo Zardi. "Biogeographical Patterns of Endolithic Infestation in an Invasive and an Indigenous Intertidal Marine Ecosystem Engineer." Diversity 11, no. 5 (May 7, 2019): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d11050075.

Full text

Abstract:

By altering the phenotypic properties of their hosts, endolithic parasites can modulate the engineering processes of marine ecosystem engineers. Here, we assessed the biogeographical patterns of species assemblages, prevalence and impact of endolithic parasitism in two mussel species that act as important ecosystem engineers in the southern African intertidal habitat, Perna perna and Mytilus galloprovincialis. We conducted large-scale surveys across three biogeographic regions along the South African coast: the subtropical east coast, dominated by the indigenous mussel, P. perna, the warm temperate south coast, where this species coexists with the invasive Mediterranean mussel, M. galloprovincialis, and the cool temperate west coast dominated by M. galloprovincialis. Infestation increased with mussel size, and in the case of M. galloprovincialis we found a significantly higher infestation in the cool temperate bioregion than the warm temperate region. For P. perna, the prevalence of infestation was higher on the warm temperate than the subtropical region, though the difference was marginally non-significant. On the south coast, there was no significant difference in infestation prevalence between species. Endolith-induced mortality rates through shell collapse mirrored the patterns for prevalence. For P. perna, endolith species assemblages revealed clear grouping by bioregions. Our findings indicate that biogeography affects cyanobacteria species composition, but differences between biogeographic regions in their effects are driven by environmental conditions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Wakefield, Corey B., Ian C. Potter, Norman G. Hall, Rodney C. J. Lenanton, and Sybrand A. Hesp. "Timing of growth zone formations in otoliths of the snapper, Chrysophrys auratus, in subtropical and temperate waters differ and growth follows a parabolic relationship with latitude." ICES Journal of Marine Science 74, no. 1 (August 27, 2016): 180–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw137.

Full text

Abstract:

Chrysophrys auratus was collected from one sub-tropical and two temperate regions spanning >2400 km along the coast of Western Australia (∼23.5–35.5° S). Marginal increment analysis demonstrated that, while a single opaque zone is formed in the otoliths of C. auratus each year, the period of deposition varies among regions. An opaque zone was formed in May to early September in the sub-tropical upper west coast, and thus when water temperatures were declining to their minima. In contrast, opaque zone formation occurred 3 months later in August to December in the temperate lower west and south coasts, when water temperatures were rising from their minima. The length and age distributions differed markedly among populations of C. auratus, with the strongest year classes varying among the three regions. Thus, it is likely that year class strength of C. auratus throughout its distribution along the coast of Western Australian is mostly related to local environmental conditions. Chrysophrys auratus grew far less rapidly and attained a smaller size in the warmer upper west coast than in the cooler temperate regions of the lower west and south coasts. A collation of data on C. auratus from ten populations in Australia and three in New Zealand showed that growth is greatest towards the mid-latitudes of its geographic range, i.e. at ∼31° S. Estimates of mean lengths at specified ages thus exhibit a parabolic relationship with latitude, with reduced growth (i.e. edge-of-range effects) occurring towards the latitudinal margins of the distribution of this sparid.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Scrosati, Ricardo A., Julius A. Ellrich, and Matthew J. Freeman. "Half-hourly changes in intertidal temperature at nine wave-exposed locations along the Atlantic Canadian coast: a 5.5-year study." Earth System Science Data 12, no. 4 (November 9, 2020): 2695–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2695-2020.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Intertidal habitats are unique because they spend alternating periods of submergence (at high tide) and emergence (at low tide) every day. Thus, intertidal temperature is mainly driven by sea surface temperature (SST) during high tides and by air temperature during low tides. Because of that, the switch from high to low tides and vice versa can determine rapid changes in intertidal thermal conditions. On cold-temperate shores, which are characterized by cold winters and warm summers, intertidal thermal conditions can also change considerably with seasons. Despite this uniqueness, knowledge on intertidal temperature dynamics is more limited than for open seas. This is especially true for wave-exposed intertidal habitats, which, in addition to the unique properties described above, are also characterized by wave splash being able to moderate intertidal thermal extremes during low tides. To address this knowledge gap, we measured temperature every half hour during a period of 5.5 years (2014–2019) at nine wave-exposed rocky intertidal locations spanning 415 km of the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia, Canada. This data set is freely available from the figshare online repository (Scrosati and Ellrich, 2020a; https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.12462065.v1). We summarize the main properties of this data set by focusing on location-wise values of daily maximum and minimum temperature and daily SST, which we make freely available as a separate data set in figshare (Scrosati et al., 2020; https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.12453374.v1). Overall, this cold-temperate coast exhibited a wide annual SST range, from a lowest overall value of −1.8 ∘C in winter to a highest overall value of 22.8 ∘C in summer. In addition, the latitudinal SST trend along this coast experienced a reversal from winter (when SST increased southwards) to summer (when SST decreased southwards), seemingly driven by alongshore differences in summer coastal upwelling. Daily temperature maxima and minima were more extreme, as expected from their occurrence during low tides, ranging from a lowest overall value of −16.3 ∘C in winter to a highest overall value of 41.2 ∘C in summer. Daily maximum temperature in summer varied little along the coast, while daily minimum temperature in winter increased southwards. This data set is the first of its kind for the Atlantic Canadian coast and exemplifies in detail how intertidal temperature varies in wave-exposed environments on a cold-temperate coast.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Vespremeanu-Stroe, Alfred, and Luminiţa Preoteasa. "Beach–dune interactions on the dry–temperate Danube delta coast." Geomorphology 86, no. 3-4 (May 2007): 267–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.09.011.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Carpenter, Dunbar N., James G. Bockheim, and Paul F. Reich. "Soils of temperate rainforests of the North American Pacific Coast." Geoderma 230-231 (October 2014): 250–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.04.023.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Jung, Seung Won, and Joon Sang Park. "Two fouling Olifantiella (Bacillariophyceae) species from the northwest temperate Pacific coast." Diatom Research 34, no. 3 (July 3, 2019): 165–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0269249x.2019.1649307.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Ma, Kevin C. K., and Christopher D. McQuaid. "Review of range extensions of tropical brachyuran crabs into temperate waters of southern Africa." Crustaceana 94, no. 10 (October 27, 2021): 1235–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685403-bja10144.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract We compiled known occurrence records of seven species of crabs identified in the literature and one documented in this report as having undergone range extensions in southern Africa. Of these eight species, six (Austruca occidentalis, Neosarmatium africanum, Ocypode ceratophthalmus, Portunus segnis, Tubuca urvillei, and Varuna litterata) have extended their ranges either across a major biogeographic boundary that separates the subtropical and warm temperate ecoregions of this coast, or into estuaries that historically lack mangrove forests. For the seventh and eighth species, Charybdis smithii and Scylla serrata, we were unable to find any distributional data that supported poleward range extension. In addition, we contribute the first record of the blue swimming crab, P. segnis, from the temperate south coast of South Africa. This early detection is likely to be part of an ongoing regional trend of tropical-adapted brachyuran crab species extending their ranges into temperate ecoregions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Gehrke, Peter C., and John H. Harris. "Large-scale patterns in species richness and composition of temperate riverine fish communities, south-eastern Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 51, no. 2 (2000): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf99061.

Full text

Abstract:

Riverine fish in New South Wales were studied to examine longitudinal trends in species richness and to identify fish communities on a large spatial scale. Five replicate rivers of four types (montane, slopes, regulated lowland and unregulated lowland) were selected from North Coast, South Coast, Murray and Darling regions. Fishwere sampled during summer and winter in two consecutive years with standardized gear that maximized the range of species caught. The composition of fish communities varied among regions and river types, with little temporal variation. Distinct regional communities converged in montane reaches and diverged downstream. The fish fauna can be classified into North Coast, South Coast, Murray and Darling communities, with a distinct montane community at high elevations irrespective of the drainage division. Species richness increased downstream in both North Coast and South Coast regions by both replacement and the addition of new species. In contrast, species richness in the Darling and Murray regions reached a maximum in the slopes reaches and then declined, reflecting a loss of species in lowland reaches. The small number of species is typical of the freshwater fish faunas of similar climatic regions world-wide. Fish communities identified in this study form logical entities for fisheries management consistent with the ecosystem-focused, catchment-based approach to river management and water reform being adopted in Australia.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Gladstone-Gallagher, Rebecca V., Dean R. Sandwell, Andrew M. Lohrer, Carolyn J. Lundquist, and Conrad A. Pilditch. "Quantifying macrodetritus fluxes from a small temperate estuary." Marine and Freshwater Research 68, no. 12 (2017): 2289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf16408.

Full text

Abstract:

Empirical measurements of estuary-to-coast material fluxes usually exclude the fraction of primary production that is exported as macrodetritus (marine plant litter), potentially leaving a gap in our understanding of the role of estuaries as outwelling systems. To address this gap, we sampled water and suspended material seasonally from the mouth of Pepe Inlet, Tairua Estuary, New Zealand. From samples collected hourly over 24h, we calculated the lateral tidal fluxes (import, export, net flux) of macrodetritus, particulate and dissolved forms of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Annually, the inlet was a net exporter of N and P (5145 and 362kg respectively). However, macrodetritus accounted for <13 and <3% of seasonal N and P exports respectively. Macrodetritus is an obvious and visible source of estuary-to-coast subsidy, but our derived nutrient budgets suggest the dissolved and particulate forms dominate the net export of N and P (>87%). Nevertheless, seasonal pulses in the source and supply of macrodetritus may have consequences for the temporal scales over which this resource subsidy affects receiving ecosystems (e.g. intertidal sandflats). These mensurative investigations are useful to inform estuarine nutrient budgets that quantify the ecosystem services provided by temperate estuaries (e.g. contribution to fisheries food webs).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Albright, L. J., and S. K. McCrae. "Annual Bacterioplankton Biomasses and Productivities in a Temperate West Coast Canadian Fjord." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 53, no. 6 (1987): 1277–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.53.6.1277-1285.1987.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Child, C. Allan. "Deep-sea Pycnogonida from the temperate west coast of the United States." Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, no. 556 (1994): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.556.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Kim, Taihun, Taeho Kim, Hyun-Sung Yang, Sun Kyeong Choi, Young Baek Son, and Do-Hyung Kang. "Alveopora japonica Conquering Temperate Reefs despite Massive Coral Bleaching." Diversity 14, no. 2 (January 26, 2022): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14020086.

Full text

Abstract:

Alveopora japonica is restricted to the Asia-Pacific region, ranging from subtropical to temperate waters. In 2016, a massive bleaching event of an A. japonica population was observed at the south coast of Jeju Island, South Korea, which is within its northernmost limit. After the bleaching event, most of the colonies had recovered by 2017.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Huang, Shan, Kaustuv Roy, James W. Valentine, and David Jablonski. "Convergence, divergence, and parallelism in marine biodiversity trends: Integrating present-day and fossil data." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 16 (April 21, 2015): 4903–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1412219112.

Full text

Abstract:

Paleontological data provide essential insights into the processes shaping the spatial distribution of present-day biodiversity. Here, we combine biogeographic data with the fossil record to investigate the roles of parallelism (similar diversities reached via changes from similar starting points), convergence (similar diversities reached from different starting points), and divergence in shaping the present-day latitudinal diversity gradients of marine bivalves along the two North American coasts. Although both faunas show the expected overall poleward decline in species richness, the trends differ between the coasts, and the discrepancies are not explained simply by present-day temperature differences. Instead, the fossil record indicates that both coasts have declined in overall diversity over the past 3 My, but the western Atlantic fauna suffered more severe Pliocene−Pleistocene extinction than did the eastern Pacific. Tropical western Atlantic diversity remains lower than the eastern Pacific, but warm temperate western Atlantic diversity recovered to exceed that of the temperate eastern Pacific, either through immigration or in situ origination. At the clade level, bivalve families shared by the two coasts followed a variety of paths toward today’s diversities. The drivers of these lineage-level differences remain unclear, but species with broad geographic ranges during the Pliocene were more likely than geographically restricted species to persist in the temperate zone, suggesting that past differences in geographic range sizes among clades may underlie between-coast contrasts. More detailed comparative work on regional extinction intensities and selectivities, and subsequent recoveries (by in situ speciation or immigration), is needed to better understand present-day diversity patterns and model future changes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

SOKOLOVER, N., P. D. TAYLOR, and M. ILAN. "Bryozoa from the Mediterranean coast of Israel." Mediterranean Marine Science 17, no. 2 (March 15, 2016): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.1390.

Full text

Abstract:

The impact of global warming on the composition of marine biotas is increasing, underscoring the need for better baseline information on the species currently present in given areas. Little is known about the bryozoan fauna of Israel; the most recent publication concerning species from the Mediterranean coast was based on samples collected in the 1960s and 1970s. Since that time, not only have the species present in this region changed, but so too has our understanding of bryozoan taxonomy. Here we use samples collected during the last decade to identify 47 bryozoan species, of which 15 are first records for the Levantine basin. These include one new genus and species (Crenulatella levantinensis gen. et. sp. nov.), two new species (Licornia vieirai sp. nov. and Trematooecia mikeli sp. nov.), and two species that may be new but for which available material is inadequate for formal description (Reteporella sp. and Thalamoporella sp.). In addition, Conopeum ponticum is recorded for the first time from the Mediterranean Sea. Non-indigenous species make up almost one-quarter of the 47 species identified. All of the non-indigenous species are native to tropical and subtropical regions, implying a change of the Levant bryozoan biota from a temperate to a more tropical state, probably related to both higher temperature and salinity and to the opening of the Suez Canal connecting the Red Sea and the Eastern Mediterranean.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Homma, Y., S. Okuda, M. Kasahara, F. Takahashi, S. Yoshikawa, and S. Uwai. "Phenological shifts and genetic differentiation between sympatric populations of Sargassum horneri (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) in Japan." Marine Ecology Progress Series 642 (May 28, 2020): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13332.

Full text

Abstract:

Marked seasonality, especially in sexual reproduction, is common among seaweed species along temperate coasts and increases the possibility of successful fertilization in outcrossing species. A phenological shift in reproductive seasons, therefore, could be an effective isolation barrier between conspecific seasonal populations, although its power has not been verified in algae. Sargassum horneri, a major component of seaweed beds along the temperate coast of Japan, is known for variability in its reproductive phenology. To understand the significance of phenological shift as an isolation barrier in seaweed species, phenological investigations of S. horneri seasonal populations on the Sea of Japan coast of central Honshu, Japan, were combined with Bayesian cluster analysis based on a nuclear simple sequence repeat genotype. Results from these analyses concordantly suggest a genetic differentiation between the seasonal populations, although almost 20% of field-collected plants were estimated to be hybrids or have a hybrid origin based on results of Bayesian cluster analyses using experimental hybrids. A collapse of seasonal isolation was also detected at the site of the field investigation, and a high percentage of putative hybrids in the following generation at the site (41%) suggested significant seasonal isolation in the differentiation observed in this study.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Hutchings, K., and S. J. Lamberth. "Likely impacts of an eastward expansion of the inshore gill-net fishery in the Western Cape, South Africa: implications for management." Marine and Freshwater Research 54, no. 1 (2003): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf01209.

Full text

Abstract:

Current South African government policy aims to create more equitable access to marine resources and there is pressure to increase the inshore gill-net fishing effort. At present, the gill-net fishery in the Western Cape is confined to the cool temperate west coast. In order to ascertain the potential catch if the fishery was to expand along the warm temperate south-west coast, a program of experimental netting was conducted. Estuarine and coastal marine sites were sampled bimonthly, using a range of commercial gill-nets (44–178 mm stretch-mesh). Although the target species, Liza richardsonii, dominated the catches, at least 33 of the by-catch species caught were also targeted by the commercial or recreational line-fish sectors. The number of species captured and the line-fish (by-catch) catch per unit effort (CPUE) were greatest in areas currently closed to the commercial gill-net fishery. Multivariate analysis indicated significant differences in catch rates and composition between exploited west coast and unexploited south-west coast sites. A combination of natural biogeographical trends and the impact of over 100 years of commercial gill-netting on the west coast are the likely causes of these differences. A spatial expansion of the gill-net fishery could have a detrimental impact on overexploited line-fish stocks and lead to increased user conflict.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Stegenga, H., H. R. Engledow, J. J. Bolton, and R. J. Anderson. "The distribution of the family Erythropeltidaceae (Rhodophyta) along the temperate Southern African coast, with the description of Erythrotrichia platyphylla nov. spec." Nova Hedwigia 73, no. 3-4 (December 3, 2001): 367–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/nova.hedwigia/73/2001/367.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Copertino, Margareth, Sean D. Connell, and Anthony Cheshire. "The prevalence and production of turf-forming algae on a temperate subtidal coast." Phycologia 44, no. 3 (May 2005): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2216/0031-8884(2005)44[241:tpapot]2.0.co;2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Freiwald, Jan. "Movement of adult temperate reef fishes off the west coast of North America." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 69, no. 8 (August 2012): 1362–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f2012-068.

Full text

Abstract:

Movement of reef fishes has important consequences for the demography, spatial structure, and connectivity of their populations and their conservation and management. I synthesized and analyzed the available data on the movement of adult temperate reef fishes along the west coast of North America to summarize our current knowledge and identify future research needs. For 80% of analyzed species, the 75th percentile movement distance was less than 1.5 km. Movement distances of examined species are characterized by positively skewed frequency distributions and discrete movement ranges rather than unbounded diffusive or directional movement. There is no relationship between species body size and movement distance, but shallower living species move much shorter distances than deeper dwelling reef fishes. Such limited movement suggests that ecological neighborhoods of adult individuals are small, and finite movement ranges will have important consequences for understanding and modeling population connectivity in ecological and management contexts. Future research should focus on effects of habitat heterogeneity and population parameters on movement to investigate variability in movement patterns and its consequences for species’ ecology and management.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Garcia, Maximiliano D., and María Sonia Barría de Cao. "Anthropogenic pollution along the coast of a temperate estuary: effects on tintinnid assemblages." Hydrobiologia 809, no. 1 (December 14, 2017): 201–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-017-3465-z.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Borges, Rita, Ricardo Beldade, and Emanuel J. Gonçalves. "Vertical structure of very nearshore larval fish assemblages in a temperate rocky coast." Marine Biology 151, no. 4 (December 16, 2006): 1349–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-006-0574-z.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Jiao, Jun Ting, Ying Hua Ye, Chen Fei Wang, and Guo Chen Ye. "The Reliability Analysis of the Initiation Time for RC Members under Chlorine Salt Ingress and Local Micro-Climate." Materials Science Forum 866 (August 2016): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.866.134.

Full text

Abstract:

The initiation time of reinforcement was researched for reinforced concrete (RC) members along coast regions under chlorine salt ingress and local micro-climate. Based existing chlorine erosion model, when local temperature and relative humidity were considered, the initiation time of reinforcement for RC members were calculated by using Monte-Carlo method, and the influence parameters of the initiation time were researched. According to probability theory, the probability distribution and density of the initiation time was given for RC members in tropical, subtropical and temperate zone along coast in china, for example Haikou City, Shanghai City, and Tianjin City. The research results showed: The impact on the initiation time from local temperature and relative humidity should not be ignored. It should be reasonable to consider when RC members were designed. This would be useful for structure strengthening, maintenance, and remaining life prediction.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Villafaña, Jaime A., and Marcelo M. Rivadeneira. "Rise and fall in diversity of Neogene marine vertebrates on the temperate Pacific coast of South America." Paleobiology 40, no. 4 (2014): 659–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/13069.

Full text

Abstract:

Even though Neogene outcrops along the temperate Pacific coast of South America harbor a rich marine vertebrate fossil record, no studies have examined the diversification patterns of these taxa. Here, we analyze diversification trends based on the stratigraphic ranges of 86 genera of marine vertebrates, including sharks, rays, chimaeras, marine mammals, and seabirds. The richness of genera shows a hump-shaped trend, with maximum values around the late Miocene, driven by a large pulse of origination during mid-Miocene and higher extinction rates during the Pliocene. Trends varied markedly among taxa and departed largely from expectations based on global diversification patterns. Moreover, these trends cannot be explained solely as a sampling artifact derived from sampling intensity (i.e., number of occurrences) or sedimentary rock availably (i.e., number of geologic maps). A large fraction of genera (42%) went globally extinct by the late Pliocene–Pleistocene, and the extinction was highly selective according to different ecological and life-history traits. An analysis using “randomForest” showed that taxonomic structure and the geographic midpoint of distribution could explain up to 83% of extinction of genera. The extinction was taxonomically clumped (i.e., disproportionally high in Cetacea and very low in Carcharhiniformes) and concentrated in the northern area of the temperate Pacific coast of South America. Our results suggest that the particular paleogeographic, paleoclimatic, and paleoceanographic events that took place during the Neogene along the temperate Pacific coast of South America had a significant effect on the structure of marine biodiversity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Welicky, Rachel L., Maryke L. Ferreira, Paul Sikkel, and Nico J. Smit. "Diurnal activity patterns of the temporary fish ectoparasite,Gnathia africanaBarnard, 1914 (Isopoda, Gnathiidae), from the southern coast of South Africa." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 98, no. 7 (August 23, 2017): 1715–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315417001369.

Full text

Abstract:

Gnathiid isopods are one of the most common fish ectoparasites, and are found in both temperate and tropical oceans. On coral reefs, gnathiids are most active at dusk and dawn, and contribute significantly to trophic dynamics, as they are a prey resource for cleaner fish and parasitize numerous fishes. Gnathiids also inhabit temperate intertidal waters, but their activity patterns and contribution to intertidal trophic dynamics remain unstudied. To provide the first ecological data on temperate intertidal gnathiid activity patterns, 172 gnathiid-freeClinus superciliosuswere set in an intertidal system in Tsitsikamma National Park, South Africa, during early morning, morning, afternoon, early evening, and evening, high and low tide, and within the inter- and infra-tidal zone to examine gnathiid infestation levels. After exposure, gnathiids from each fish were identified to the species level, counted, and their developmental stage was recorded. All gnathiids were identified asGnathiia africana. On average, 1 ± 5SD gnathiids were collected from each fish, and the majority of gnathiids collected were stage 1. Significantly more gnathiids were collected during morning and afternoon compared with all other time periods. The number of gnathiids collected was not influenced by the fish's exposure to high or low tide, or placement within the tide zone. AlthoughG. africanais free from cleaner fish predation because cleaner fish do not reside in temperate intertidal habitat,G. africanaabundance is surprisingly small. Future studies should examine what regulatesG. africanapopulation size and the role they play in temperate intertidal food webs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

VALÉRIO-BERARDO, MARIA TERESA. "Description of three new species of Ampelisca (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Ampeliscidae) from Southwestern Atlantic, with a key of the genus for Brazilian species." Zootaxa 1626, no. 1 (October 31, 2007): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1626.1.2.

Full text

Abstract:

Ampelisca species are inhabitant of soft bottom marine benthic communities of tropical to cold – temperate zones. Prior to this paper, 11 species of the genus were recognized from Brazilian coast. Three new species of Ampelisca are herein described: Ampelisca longipropoda, Ampelisca meridionalis and Ampelisca youngi. The specimens were dredged from the continental shelf of Southwestern Atlantic Ocean between the latitudes 22°06’S and 34°32’S. A key to the Ampelisca species of the Brazilian coast is provided.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

van Kooten, G. Cornelis, and Erwin H. Bulte. "How much primary coastal temperate rain forest should society retain? Carbon uptake, recreation, and other values." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 29, no. 12 (December 15, 1999): 1879–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x99-173.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study, average and marginal approaches for determining optimal preservation of primary forests on British Columbia's coast are compared. When the market values from timber, mushrooms, etc., and nonmarket benefits (e.g., carbon sink, preservation values) of preserving old-growth forests are considered (where the opportunity cost of preserving such forests are the benefits of commercial forestry foregone), the average method recommends harvest of all remaining old growth. For the marginal approach, a deterministic optimal control model is solved to compute socially optimal stocks of old growth. In this case, the numerical results indicate that large-scale conversion of old-growth forests cannot be justified on economic grounds.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Signorelli, Javier H., Berenice Trovant, and Federico Márquez. "A cryptic species of Ensis (Bivalvia: Pharidae) from the southeastern Pacific coast revealed by geometric morphometric methods." Scientia Marina 86, no. 2 (June 15, 2022): e032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05241.032.

Full text

Abstract:

A new cryptic species of Ensis from the Pacific coast of South America based on geometric morphometrics is revealed. Ensis macha (Molina, 1782) is one of the most important shellfish resources in South America. It was historically reported from San Matías Gulf, Argentina in the Atlantic Ocean to the Peruvian coast in the Pacific. A recent study analysed the intraspecific variation of this species along its distribution range and the genetic results indicated the presence of cryptic diversity. Two evolutionary clades were found: a southern clade (from cold-temperate waters) and a northern clade (from warm-temperate waters). New results based on geometric morphometrics supported the description of Ensis loboi n. sp. for the northern clade. The southern clade retains the name due to type locality of E. macha in Chiloé, Chile. The description of Ensis loboi n. sp. for the southeastern Pacific Ocean has important implications for future studies focused on fisheries management and biogeographical radiation of the group.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Peinado, Manuel, Juan Luis Aguirre, FranciscoM Oca�a-Peinado, and Jos� Delgadillo. "A phytosociological survey of the halophytic vegetation of North America's temperate-boreal Pacific coast." Phytocoenologia 46, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 357–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/phyto/2016/0107.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Rivadeneira, Marcelo M., and Pablo A. Marquet. "Selective extinction of late Neogene bivalves on the temperate Pacific coast of South America." Paleobiology 33, no. 3 (2007): 455–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300026397.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractWe assessed selective extinction patterns in bivalves during a late Neogene mass extinction event observed along the temperate Pacific coast of South America. The analysis of 99 late Neogene and Quaternary fossil sites (recorded from 7°S to 55°S), yielding ∼2800 occurrences and 118 species, revealed an abrupt decline in Lyellian percentages during the late Neogene–Pleistocene, suggesting the existence of a mass extinction that decimated ∼66% of the original assemblage. Using the late Neogene data set (n = 59 species, 1346 occurrences), we tested whether the extinction was nonrandom according to taxonomic structure, life habit, geographic range, and body size. Our results showed that the number of higher taxa that went extinct was not different than expected by random. At first sight, extinction was selective only according to life habit and geographic range. Nevertheless, when phylogenetic effects were accounted for, body size also showed significant selectivity. In general, epifaunal, small-sized (after phylogenetic correction), and short-ranged species tended to have increased probability of extinction. This is verified by strong interactions between the variables herein analyzed, suggesting the existence of nonlinear effects on extinction chances. In the heavily decimated epifaunal forms, survival was not enhanced by widespread ranges or larger body sizes. Conversely, the widespread and large-sized infaunal forms tended to have lower probability of extinction. Overall, the ultimate extinction of late Neogene bivalve species along the Pacific coast of South America seems to have been determined by a complex interplay of ecological and historical (phylogenetic) effects.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Oosthuizen, A., and M. J. Smale. "Population biology of Octopus vulgaris on the temperate south-eastern coast of South Africa." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 83, no. 3 (April 9, 2003): 535–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315403007458h.

Full text

Abstract:

Population structure and biology of Octopus vulgaris was investigated along the south-eastern coast of South Africa. Samples were collected inter- and sub-tidally as a precursor to the establishment of an experimental octopus fishery in the region. In total, 300 (intertidal) and 147 (subtidal) O. vulgaris were collected over a two year period. Females were found to dominate the intertidal area (sex ratio 2:1), while no difference was found subtidally (sex ratio 1:1). Of those collected intertidally, immature females were most prevalent while males ranged from immature to mature. Mature females were only found subtidally. A marked size difference was apparent, with the subtidal octopus being substantially larger. Although brooding females were found throughout the year, numbers peaked in summer. Individual fecundity ranged between 42,000–790,000 eggs. The total number of eggs produced and the number of eggs per egg string were correlated to female size. Diet did not vary greatly between the inter- and sub-tidal areas, with the main prey items being crustaceans, teleosts and octopus. It appears that the immature females use the intertidal area to feed and grow, before migrating to deeper areas to mature and spawn.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Rivadeneira, Marcelo M., and Pablo A. Marquet. "Selective extinction of late Neogene bivalves on the temperate Pacific coast of South America." Paleobiology 33, no. 3 (2007): 455–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/06042.1.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractWe assessed selective extinction patterns in bivalves during a late Neogene mass extinction event observed along the temperate Pacific coast of South America. The analysis of 99 late Neogene and Quaternary fossil sites (recorded from 7°S to 55°S), yielding ∼2800 occurrences and 118 species, revealed an abrupt decline in Lyellian percentages during the late Neogene–Pleistocene, suggesting the existence of a mass extinction that decimated ∼66% of the original assemblage. Using the late Neogene data set (n = 59 species, 1346 occurrences), we tested whether the extinction was nonrandom according to taxonomic structure, life habit, geographic range, and body size. Our results showed that the number of higher taxa that went extinct was not different than expected by random. At first sight, extinction was selective only according to life habit and geographic range. Nevertheless, when phylogenetic effects were accounted for, body size also showed significant selectivity. In general, epifaunal, small-sized (after phylogenetic correction), and short-ranged species tended to have increased probability of extinction. This is verified by strong interactions between the variables herein analyzed, suggesting the existence of nonlinear effects on extinction chances. In the heavily decimated epifaunal forms, survival was not enhanced by widespread ranges or larger body sizes. Conversely, the widespread and large-sized infaunal forms tended to have lower probability of extinction. Overall, the ultimate extinction of late Neogene bivalve species along the Pacific coast of South America seems to have been determined by a complex interplay of ecological and historical (phylogenetic) effects.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Paiva, Melquíades Pinto, and Jean Yves Le Gall. "CATCHES OF TUNAS AND TUNA LIKE FISHES, IN THE LONGLINE FISHERY AREAS OFF THE COAST OF BRAZIL." Arquivos de Ciências do Mar 15, no. 1 (May 2, 2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32360/acmar.v15i1.32040.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper we try to estimate the annual catches of tunas and tuna like fishes in the longline fishery areas off the coast of Brazil, during the years 1956/1971. These areas comprise tropical and South temperate waters, in the Western part of the Atlantic Ocean.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Joergensen, Morten. "First photographed observation of the harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) in Svalbard." Polar Record 43, no. 1 (January 2007): 73–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247406236064.

Full text

Abstract:

The first photographed observation of the harbour porpoise in Svalbard is reported. The harbour porpoise is not normally found in the high Arctic as it is a temperate and sub Arctic species, the nearest frequent location for the species being the north coast of Norway.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Mendoza González, A. Catalina, Luz Elena Mateo-Cid, Deisy Yazmin García López, and Julio Adulfo Acosta-Calderón. "Diversity and Distribution of articulated Coralline algae (Rhodophyta, Corallinales) of the Atlantic coast of Mexico." Phytotaxa 190, no. 1 (December 24, 2014): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.190.1.6.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper provides the first critical revision of the articulated coralline algae Amphiroa and Jania along the Atlantic coast of Mexico and Mexican Caribbean, based on morphological and anatomical characters of numerous specimens both genera. We found six species of Amphiroa, including one new record for this region: Amphiroa valonioides. In the other hand, Amphiroa fragilissima and A. rigida have the wider distribution along the Atlantic coast of Mexico. Jania to encompass six species, J. capillacea and J. cubensis are the best represented along the Atlantic coast of Mexico. Male and female reproductive structures of several species are recorded for first time in the study area. The distribution of A. valonioides and A. vanbosseae seems to be the warm temperate and tropical coast of the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean. Macro and microscopic characteristics and relevant photographs and descriptions are provided for each species. Data on the distribution of taxa along the Atlantic and Caribbean coast of Mexico are included.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Alejo-Plata, María del Carmen, Miguel A. Del Río-Portilla, Oscar Illescas-Espinosa, and Omar Valencia-Méndez. "Red Octopus, Octopus rubescens Berry, 1953 (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae), in the Mexican tropical Pacific." Check List 17, no. 4 (August 4, 2021): 1107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/17.4.1107.

Full text

Abstract:

“Octopus” rubescens Berry, 1953 is an octopus of temperate waters of the western coast of North America. This paper presents the first record of “O.” rubescens from the tropical Mexican Pacific. Twelve octopuses were studied; 10 were collected in tide pools from five localities and two mature males were caught by fishermen in Oaxaca. We used morphometric characters and anatomical features of the digestive tract to identify the species. The five localities along the Mexican Pacific coast provide solid evidence that populations of this species have become established in tropical waters.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Plavan, Alicia Acuña, Cecilia Passadore, and Luis Gimenez. "Fish assemblage in a temperate estuary on the uruguayan coast: seasonal variation and environmental influence." Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 58, no. 4 (December 2010): 299–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592010000400005.

Full text

Abstract:

The seasonal dynamics of the fish community in the Pando estuary on the Uruguayan coast were studied in relation to environmental sampled monthly between May 2002 and June 2003. Individuals collected were identified, and classified into stages (juveniles, adults) and functional groups. Relationships between community dynamics and environmental variables were evaluated using uni- and multivariate techniques. Twenty-one species, mostly freshwater stragglers, estuarine and marine migrants were collected. The most abundant species were Micropogonias furnieri, Mugil platanus, Paralichthys orbignyanus and Brevoortia aurea and were represented by juveniles. The community varied seasonally with rapid shifts in spring and autumn associated with changes in temperature and salinity. Significant correlations between abundance and temperature may be related to the timing of life cycle events. In this estuary, the salinity appears to play a key role in the functional structure and in the use of the habitat by juveniles. This is relevant for the definition of estuaries as nursery areas: this definition is context-dependent and is determined by the salinity conditions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Heck, Nadine, Philip Dearden, and Adrian McDonald. "Insights into marine conservation efforts in temperate regions: Marine protected areas on Canada's West Coast." Ocean & Coastal Management 57 (March 2012): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2011.11.008.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Pearson, Audrey F. "Natural and logging disturbances in the temperate rain forests of the Central Coast, British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 40, no. 10 (October 2010): 1970–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x10-137.

Full text

Abstract:

Natural disturbances frame the spatial and temporal processes of ecosystems and are the foundation for ecosystem-based management. In the coastal temperate rain forests of British Columbia, landscape patterns of natural disturbances and their contrasts with logging are not well documented. Stand-replacing disturbances over the past 140 years were investigated for the Central Coast (1.5 million ha) at regional and local scales using a combination of aerial photograph interpretation and forest management GIS databases. At the regional scale, stand-replacing natural disturbances affected 3.1% of the forested area. The extent of natural disturbances was not strongly affected by the scale of analysis. In contrast, spatial pattern and scale were essential for discerning the full impact of logging. At the regional scale, logging affected 5.4% of the forested area. Within watersheds, however, logging occurred primarily in valley bottoms (81% ± 4%) with 59% ± 10% of valley bottom areas logged, 10 times the area of natural disturbances. Watershed size strongly affected riparian zones, with active floodplains comprising 53% ± 5% of valley bottom area in large (>20 000 ha) watersheds. In physiographically diverse landscapes, geomorphic features (such as watersheds, valley bottoms, and fluvial landforms) are crucial for determining disturbance processes and effects of logging at ecologically relevant scales.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Connell, S. D., and M. P. Lincoln-Smith. "Depth and the Structure of Assemblages of Demersal Fish: Experimental Trawling Along a Temperate Coast." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 48, no. 4 (April 1999): 483–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ecss.1998.0438.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Ishii, Hiroaki, and E. David Ford. "Persistence ofPseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas-fir) in temperate coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest Coast, USA." Folia Geobotanica 37, no. 1 (March 2002): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02803191.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Prochazka, Kim. "Seasonal patterns in a temperate intertidal fish community on the west coast of South Africa." Environmental Biology of Fishes 45, no. 2 (February 1996): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00005226.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Vellinga, Else C. "Book Reviews and Notices." Mycotaxon 134, no. 3 (October 2, 2019): 583–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/134.583.

Full text

Abstract:

Books reviewed include: An introduction to the edible, poisonous and medicinal fungi of northern Laos by Laessøe, Sparre Pedersen, and Sysouphanthong (2019), Mushrooms of the Gulf Coast States (A field guide to Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida) by Bessette, Bessette, and Lewis (2019), and Fungi of temperate Europe (volumes 1 & 2) by Laessøe & Petersen (2019).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Bartsch, Ilse. "THALASSARACHNA BASTERI AND T. AFFINIS (ACARI, HALACARIDAE), HISTORY, CHARACTERS, BIOLOGY, AND DISTRIBUTION." Ecologica Montenegrina 2, no. 3 (May 7, 2015): 228–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2015.2.27.

Full text

Abstract:

Thalassarachna basteri and T. affinis are known since more than a century. Though frequently found in shallow water areas, there exist only very few descriptions of their external characters. These and distinguishing characters are outlined, data of habitat, life cycle, feeding, and distribution are given. Adults and nymphs of T. basteri and T. affinis can be discriminated on the basis of the shape of the frontal spine and number of spines on leg I. Thalassarachna basteri is regularly found in cold-temperate and polar areas, both on the eastern and western coast of the North Atlantic whereas most records of T. affinis are from the warm-temperate eastern North Atlantic.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Frigola-Tepe, Xènia, Marta Caballero-Huertas, Jordi Viñas, and Marta Muñoz. "Influence of Thermal Regimes on the Relationship between Parasitic Load and Body Condition in European Sardine along the Catalan Coast." Fishes 7, no. 6 (November 28, 2022): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060358.

Full text

Abstract:

The small pelagic European sardine presents high commercial and ecological values. Due to its cold-temperate water affinity, stocks are affected by global warming. Water temperature rise may change primary productivity patterns, negatively affecting fish condition and increasing parasite incidence. In this context, sardine health status was evaluated through the annual cycle on the Catalan Coast using thermal regimes comparison. Morphogravimetric parameters, sex and gonadal stages were assessed; infection by nematodes was characterised, and body condition was estimated by the Le Cren Factor and lipid content measured using a fish fat meter. Significant statistical differences were observed in spawning dynamics, body condition, and parasite infection between thermal regimes. Sardines from the colder north area had better condition and an earlier spawning, with lower parasite incidence (in terms of total prevalence, mean intensity and abundance) than those from the southern coast. Hysterothylacium spp. was the most abundant nematode, while Anisakis spp. prevalence was null in the two locations. Seasonal differences in nematode load were observed along the Catalan Coast, with lower prevalence during the summer and higher in winter-spring. Although previous studies have underestimated parasite influence on sardine health status, parasite abundance and sardine condition were negatively correlated. Seawater temperature and primary productivity are the proposed factors promoting differentiation in nematode infection and fish condition throughout the annual cycle and between locations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Afanasev, V. V., and A. V. Uba. "The shores of the contact zone of the Subarctic and moderately cold seas." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 946, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/946/1/012033.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Longitude sectorality and latitudinal zonality of morpholithogenesis on the coast of Sakhalin is the result of the unique geographical position of the island, which is a zone of mutual influences and interactions of neighboring geosystems of the subarctic Sea of Okhotsk and the moderately cold northern part of the Sea of Japan – a contact geographical structure. Based on the digitizing of maps of morphogenetic types of shores, modern morpholithodynamic settings and lithological complexes of the coast, geomorphological and morphodynamic differences of the shores of Sakhalin Island are shown, the eastern shores of which have a subarctic appearance, and the western shores are washed by the temperate sea.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Ramos-Rodríguez, A., D. B. Lluch-Cota, S. E. Lluch-Cota, and A. Trasviña-Castro. "Sea surface temperature anomalies, seasonal cycle and trend regimes in the Eastern Pacific coast." Ocean Science 8, no. 1 (February 15, 2012): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-8-81-2012.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. We used the extended reconstruction of sea surface temperature (ERSST) to analyze the variation of surface temperature and the seasonal cycle along the coast of the eastern Pacific (60° N–60° S, 61 pixels alongshore) from 1950 to 2010 (732 months). First, we analyzed the monthly anomalies and looked for a relationship of such anomalies with total solar irradiance (TSI) and then the Regime Shift Detector (RSD) was applied to detect possible temperature regimes in the series. Afterwards, we calculated a yearly temperature range per pixel (amplitude of seasonal cycle) and through the subtraction of a latitudinal theoretical curve of temperature based on solar irradiance, the residuals of the seasonal cycle were obtained. The results showed an almost complete spatial synchrony and dominance of negative anomalies from 1950 to mid-late 1970's, with a switch to near-zero and positive anomalies that lasted up to late 1990's when a new shift to negative values was detected. Such a shift lasted until the early 2000's when positive anomalies appeared again but there was a change to negative anomalies in the late 2000's. These results were supported by the RSD. The TSI variability shows a clear relationship with that of sea surface temperature anomalies and with the regime changes. This is probably due to a difference in the amount of energy received from the sun. Comparing the "cool regime" versus the "warm regime", the second one received 0.39% more energy (approximately 3 × 108 J m−2) from the sun. Seasonal cycles show larger ranges at northern latitudes (>40° N), northern tropical-temperate transition zone (20°–26° N) and in the tropical-equatorial band (0°–30° S). The smallest ranges occur at 0°–16° N and 50°–60° S. The residuals (seasonal minus the theoretical curve) indicated a clear modulation due to advection by ocean currents.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Choi, Sung-Kook, Kyungsik Kim, Eun-Kyoung Jeong, Kazuo Terada, Mitsuo Suzuki, and Houhei Uematsu. "Fossil Woods from the Miocene in the Yamagata Prefecture, Japan." IAWA Journal 31, no. 1 (2010): 95–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000009.

Full text

Abstract:

Eighty-two silicified fossil woods were collected from Miocene formations on the western coast of the Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. Twenty-two taxa (5 conifers and 17 dicotyledons) were identified. Five new species (Chamaecyparis parathyoides, Pterocarya parvipora, Populus soyaensis, Schima protowallichii, Lagerstroemia odaniense) and two species not previously known from the Miocene of Yamagata are described. This brings the number of fossil wood taxa from the Miocene of Yamagata to 39. Warm temperate elements such as Keteleeria, Liquidambar, Distylium and Lagerstroemia were found in the formations studied. The fossil wood assemblages from four Miocene formations (except Onisakatoge Formation from which only one sample was collected) suggest that the woody flora changed gradually during the Miocene from a mixture of cool and warm temperate elements to a warm temperate assemblage. These changes agree well with the vegetation changes during the Miocene in Japan; from the Aniai type to the Daijima-type.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Temperate coast'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles