Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Television interpreting'

This study examines the broader social and political implications of sign language interpreting as a social phenomenon in China by investigating – via analysis of news reports and semi-structured interviews with Deaf Chinese people and interpreters – stakeholders’ discourses arising from the presence of sign language interpreting on television for major Chinese political conferences in 2012. Adopting a social constructionist perspective, the analysis draws from media studies, translation studies, sociology, and Deaf studies, with particular attention to the ways in which aspects of interpreting provision are described and valorised. The results show that the interpreting was framed differently, primarily in terms of its quality and social and political value, by the media and by the signing community. Close analysis suggests that the existing construction of deafness primarily as a disability influences the delivery of sign language interpreting in what the target service-users report to be a semi-intelligible form. In the current Chinese social and cultural context, however, such a service is nevertheless prized by signers; they argue that it can provide a learning opportunity for the dominant hearing society, and creates a discursive space for the linguistic and cultural dimensions of Deaf identity to emerge.

2011/2012
The doctoral thesis focuses on the output of interpreters translating the 2004 U.S. presidential debathon for Italian television (DEB.04 corpus). The contrastive qualitative analysis conducted on the corpus items aimed at identifying the infotainment elements characterising presidential debates as television genre and verifying their presence in the interpreted texts (ITs) broadcast on Italian television. More specifically, the analysis focused on discourse elements operationalising conflict (Contest-like dimension) in the question/answer group in terms of DEGREE OF CONFLICTUALITY – i.e., conflict elicitation, validation and mitigation, in both the original texts (OTs) and the ITs. The doctoral thesis was conducted within the CorIT (Italian Television Interpreting Corpus) project (Straniero Sergio & Falbo 2012) of the Department of Legal, Language, Interpreting and Translation Studies (University of Trieste). The compilation, elaboration and classification of the corpus of analysis (DEB.04) aims at providing a template for the elaboration and classification of CorIT items, using DEB.04 as a training corpus to test specific dedicated softwares.
Il presente progetto di ricerca si incentra sullo studio delle interpretazioni dei dibattiti presidenziali americani del 2004 trasmessi dalla televisione italiana (DEB.04 corpus). L’analisi contrastiva di tipo qualitativo ha avuto come obiettivo principale quello di individuare le caratteristiche del genere televisivo ‘dibattito presidenziale’ che maggiormente ne definiscono l’aspetto di ‘televisione di informazione e intrattenimento’ (infotainment television) e verificarne la presenza nel testo interpretato (TI). Nello specifico ci si è proposti di individuare gli elementi discorsuali tramite i quali l’elemento di intrattenimento (conflitto, competizione) viene operativizzato nel gruppo domanda/risposta quale cardine dell’evento comunicativo, in termini di iniziazione, mantenimento e mitigazione del grado di conflittualità dello stesso, sia a livello di testo originale (OT) che a livello di TI. La tesi dottorale si inserisce nel progetto CorIT – Corpus di Interpretazione Televisiva (Straniero Sergio & Falbo 2012) del Dipartimento di Scienze Giuridiche, del Linguaggio, dell’Interpretazione e della Traduzione, e si propone altresì di fornire una base metodologica per l’elaborazione e la catalogazione degli item di CorIT, utilizzando il corpus d’analisi, DEB.04, come training corpus per i software dedicati impiegati.
XXV Ciclo
1983

This thesis presents a study on the subtitler's visibility management as manifested by their subtitling approaches. The special textuality and the recent digitization of subtitling practices make the subtitler's visibility management through subtitling an issue that is rather distinctive from the translator's visibility in general. Previous studies that directly investigate subtitler's visibility tend to focus on subtitler's relatively restricted and/or linear social interactions, while relevant discussion that examines their non-linear social interactions such as subtitling is very rare. Almost no study has provided either a conceptualization of subtitler's visibility or a systematic analytical framework specifically for analysing the subtitler's visibility management through subtitling. In the current study, the author examines the subtitler's visibility management through subtitling by comparing WHV industrial subtitlers' and YYeTs fansubbers' subtitling approaches to The Big Bang Theory. Based on Nornes's (2007) notions of corrupt and abusive subtitling and Ortabasi's critiques on the lack of multimodality in these notions, it has been hypothesized that the two groups of subtitlers' approaches differ in two dimensions and three aspects of issues. Accordingly, an analytical framework is constructed to systematically interrogate the two groups of subtitlers' visibility management as reflected by their subtitling approaches: 1) comparing their subtitling approaches to the verbal and nonverbal issues identified in the represented dimension; 2) comparing their subtitling approaches to the technical issues identified in the representing dimension; 3) comparing and discussing how their relatively different approaches in the two dimensions demonstrate their different visibility management. The findings suggest that the ways in which WHV industrial subtitlers and YYeTs fansubbers manage their visibility differently are multifaceted and bidimensional. First, the industrial subtitlers tend to adopt a relatively corrupt approach and the fansubbers tend to adopt a relatively abusive approach in the represented dimension, while the relative differences between their approaches are more drastic in the verbal aspect than in the nonverbal aspect. Second, the above-found relative differences between the two groups of subtitlers' approaches are even more explicitly consistent in the technical aspect of the representing dimension. Third, in both dimensions, the industrial subtitlers gain less visibility through the relatively corrupt approach and the fansubbers acquire more visibility through the relatively abusive approach. More profoundly, by adopting the relatively corrupt approach, the industrial subtitlers perform gatekeepers in the represented dimension and adherents in the representing dimension; by using the relatively abusive approach, the fansubbers present themselves as educators in the represented dimension and as innovators in the representing dimension. Beyond these findings, this thesis also makes broader theoretical and methodological contributions. It has demonstrated how a nonbinary and generative conceptualization of the subtitler's visibility from a sociological perspective, hitherto never provided by previous discussions, can lead to more fruitful investigations on the subtitler's visibility management. This combination of Nornes's (2007) notions of corrupt and abusive subtitling and Ortabasi's (2007) critiques on them offers us a set of analytical tools for thoroughly investigating how subtitlers manage their visibility differently through subtitling.

Der Sport ist das dominierende Phänomen der heutigen Freizeitkultur und ein wachsender Wirtschaftszweig. Ob in den Medien, beim Handel mit Sportwaren oder beim Sport selbst: Wo über Sport gesprochen wird, treffen verschiedene Sprachen aufeinander. Um Sprachbarrieren zu überwinden, sind Dolmetscher oft unverzichtbar. Das Fachgebiet Sport bringt dabei Besonderheiten mit sich, z. B. die große Rolle des Fernsehens sowie eine eigene, vielschichtige Sprache, in der Jargon nicht selten mit Fachlexik kombiniert wird. War die Sportsprache bereits Gegenstand vieler Publikationen, befasst sich diese Arbeit mit den kaum erforschten Dolmetschtätigkeiten im Sport. Im Theorieteil werden u. a. der Bedarf an Dolmetschleistungen dargelegt und die Sportsprache aus Dolmetschersicht analysiert. Grundlage des Praxisteils ist eine Umfrage unter 51 Sport-Dolmetschern, die zu sprachlichen Herausforderungen ebenso befragt wurden wie zu den häufigsten Dolmetschsituationen oder den Verdienstmöglichkeiten.

Thesis (MPhil)-- Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigates subtitling in 7de Laan, comparing episodes from 2007 to episodes from 2010 with a focus on figurative language. It is a quantitative, descriptive study and aims to determine the overall adequacy or acceptability of the subtitles, the translation strategies used, how figurative language and language varieties are translated and compares findings from 2007 to those of 2010 to establish whether there has been a change in approach over this period. The source text, 7de Laan, is discussed in Chapter 1, which also outlines how the study will proceed, the research problem and the research questions. Chapters 2 and 3 are the literature review of the relevant theories. Chapter 2 covers Descriptive Translation Studies and the translation of figurative language. The challenges particular to subtitling, specifically the constraints of the medium, are discussed in Chapter 3. The following two chapters are the analysis and each begins with the methodology used for that analysis. Chapter 4 is a macrolevel analysis of the corpus and determines the acceptability/adequacy of the subtitles, their governing translation norms and analyses the translation strategies used. More specific questions are answered in Chapter 5, which analyses the translation of figurative language, the representation of language varieties in the subtitles and the influence catering for a hearing-impaired audience has on translation decisions. The findings indicate that the subtitles of 7de Laan are mostly acceptable and that acceptability increases in 2010. The translation strategies used and their frequency of usage are similar over the years. However, there are slight changes: in 2010 there is less literal translation, more omission and fewer figurative-specific translation strategies are used. The findings further show that there is less figurative language in the subtitles in 2010. Additionally, there is a tendency of levelling out figurative language in both years which increases in 2010. The analysis of language varieties indicates that for sociolects, age markers influence the subtitles more than race markers do. Idiolects are rendered but how much of an idiolect is rendered depends on its markers. The analysis also finds that subtitling for hearing-impaired audiences is a significant factor in the translation process over and above the spatiotemporal constraint of subtitling.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die onderskrifte van 7de Laan. Dit vergelyk episodes van 2007 met episodes van 2010 en fokus op figuurlike taalgebruik. Die ondersoek is kwantitatief en beskrywend en wil die algehele geskiktheid (adequacy) of aanvaarbaarheid (acceptability) van die onderskrifte vasstel, asook die vertaalstrategieë wat gebruik is en die wyse waarop figuurlike taal en taalvariëteite vertaal word. Die bevindinge van 2007 word vergelyk met dié van 2010 om vas te stel of die vertaalbenadering in die tydperk verander het. Die bronteks, 7de Laan, word in hoofstuk 1 bespreek, wat ‘n oorsig gee oor hoe die studie verloop, die navorsingsprobleem en die navorsingsvrae. Hoofstuk 2 en 3 is die literatuurstudie van die relevante teorieë. Hoofstuk 2 dek beskrywende vertaalstudies (Descriptive Translation Studies) en die vertaling van figuurlike taal. Die probleem eie aan onderskrifte, veral die beperkings in die vertaalproses, word in hoofstuk 3 bespreek. Die volgende twee hoofstukke bestaan uit die ontleding en elke hoofstuk begin met die metodologie wat gebruik is vir daardie ontleding. Hoofstuk 4 is ‘n makrovlakontleding van die korpus en bepaal die geskiktheid/ aanvaarbaarheid van die onderskrifte, oorheersende norme en ontleed die vertaalstrategieë wat gebruik is. Meer spesifieke vrae word in hoofstuk 5 beantwoord, wat betref die vertaling van figuurlike taal, die oordra van taalvariëteite in die onderskrifte en die invloed van die inagneming van gehoorgestremde kykers op vertaalbesluite. Die bevindinge dui aan dat die onderskrifte van 7de Laan meestal aanvaarbaar is en dat aanvaarbaarheid in 2010 toegeneem het. Die vertaalstrategieë en die frekwensie van die gebruik daarvan het oor die jare nie veel verander nie. Daar is egter klein veranderings: in 2010 is daar minder letterlike vertalings, meer weglatings en minder vertaalstrategieë wat spesifiek op figuurlike taalgebruik gemik is. Die bevindings dui ook aan dat daar minder figuurlike taal in die 2010-onderskrifte is. Die ontleding van taalvariëteite toon dat, ten opsigte van sosiolekte, ouderdommerkers ‘n groter invloed op onderskrifte het as rasmerkers. Idiolekte word wel verteenwoordig, maar die mate daarvan word deur die idiolek se merkers bepaal. Die ontleding dui ook aan dat onderskrifte wat gerig is op gehoorgestremde kykers, ‘n groot faktor in die vertaalproses is, benewens die tydruimtelike beperking van onderskrifte as sodanig.

Mafia e interpretazione sembrano concetti irrimediabilmente separati, per vocazione e contesto d'azione. Lo scopo di questo elaborato è portare alla luce i legami che sono sorti tra questi due ambiti della vita umana. Partendo da un'analisi storica e delle fonti, spiegheremo come la mafia sia cambiata nel corso del tempo e come sia riuscita a sopravvivere all'era della globalizzazione. Cercheremo, inoltre, di sfatare alcuni miti che riguardano il crimine di stampo mafioso mettendo a confronto la realtà dei fatti con le interpretazioni romanzate del fenomeno che spesso costruiscono l'opinione pubblica. L'elaborato proseguirà con un'analisi della comunicazione mafiosa, basata su uno studio condotto da Salvatore Di Piazza, docente presso l'Università degli Studi di Palermo e ricercatore presso il Centro di studi e iniziative culturali “Pio La Torre”, per arrivare a capire quali siano le particolarità. La terza parte di questo lavoro, invece, mira a dare una prospettiva sull'interpretazione giuridica, in termini di metodologie, tecniche, difficoltà e deontologia. In ultima analisi, tireremo le fila di una lunga analisi costruita su elementi apparentemente sconnessi e approderemo alla domanda che ha sostenuto questo lavoro nella sua interezza: è possibile per gli interpreti, al netto di tutte le particolarità e le incertezze della comunicazione mafiosa e dell'interpretazione giuridica, tradurre il linguaggio mafioso?

As my thesis, I have made an adaptation for film of Suddenly Last Summer by Tennessee Williams. The play tells the story of a young woman, Catharine Holly, who has been institutionalized shortly after her return to New Orleans from a vacation on the island of Cabeza de Lobo. Her cousin, Sebastian, a wealthy poet and gay sex-tourist died on this trip. He was killed and partially eaten by a group of impoverished young men (at least some of these men were his former sexual partners). Sebastian's mother, Violet Venable - in the hopes of suppressing the true circumstances surrounding the death of her son - attempts to persuade an ambitious young doctor to lobotomize Catharine as the play opens. It should be noted that the horror film genre has greatly affected my thinking about this project, and I will be discussing three sub-genres of horror at some length: body horror, the slasher film, and race horror. The horror films and trends to be discussed come, in the main, from the period ranging from the late 1970s to the early 1990s and will, I think, be of great help in explaining certain choices I have made in the course of making this film. My main interest is determining whether the themes present in Williams's original text can be explored and expanded upon via recourse to the horror genre. Additionally, my film moves the action of Suddenly Last Summer from the New Orleans of the early half of the twentieth century to modem-day Cape Town. However, the action takes place in a sort of netherworld or blank space that serves as metaphor for both cinema and the white cube of the gallery. This choice of staging is meant to refer to Catharine's mention of the "blazing white wall" against which her cousin's body was thrown after his death. In fact, all throughout Catharine's description of how and why Sebastian died-and it must be remembered that it is this description that serves as the denouement of the play-mentions of white light, white heat, Sebastian's whiteness (as opposed to simply saying he looked pale), and the whiteness of the day itself are employed as a sort of leitmotif That Catharine uses "whiteness" in describing an incredibly violent chapter in her past is crucial to my understanding of the text and has helped me craft a cinematic strategy for my adaptation of this play. The violence and savagery that has marked Catharine's past has followed her into the present, just as it has followed her from the impoverished island of Cabeza de Lobo to the wealthy Garden District of New Orleans, and-if Violet Venable has her way-it will follow Catharine into her future. Taking the key descriptive element of that violent day in Cabeza de Lobo and using it to paint the world of Catharine's present will, I hope, make this connection clear.

The media play a major role in every part of American society by distributing content that has value to individuals, and a National Football League (NFL) sports fan club is no different. This study examines how members of a Kansas City Chiefs' fan club use media to stay connected to their team and socialize with fellow members. Social identification theory explains that when an individual comes together with one or more individuals with like-minded interests, they form social bonds. Their shared interests allow them to disseminate Chiefs' information through content gathered from media usage. To understand how the Chiefs' fans use media, the author conducted research at a Kansas City Chiefs' sports club at a local bar in a large Southeastern city in the United States. The researcher used observation, participation, and interviews to collect information on the media usage of fan club members. The results find that the majority of members logged on to KCStar.com and KCChiefs.com when they wanted to read about the team from sources that lived in the Kansas City Region. When the members wanted to follow the games live, one person listened to play-by-play on their cellular phone, while others followed Internet updates on sports Web sites, or watched the games on television with the other fan club members.

In questo lavoro confronto l’interpretazione simultanea e il doppiaggio di due episodi della serie tv americana "In treatment", al fine di evidenziare le differenze e le regolarità tra le due traduzioni dello stesso testo inglese, a livello di lingua, stile, strategie. Non mi è stato possibile registrare l’interpretazione simultanea autentica di un/una interprete professionista ad un festival cinematografico perciò, riproducendone sperimentalmente le condizioni, ho registrato l’interpretazione simultanea di una studentessa finalista di interpretazione del DIT di Forlì. Nei due capitoli iniziali della tesi descrivo il doppiaggio e l'interpretazione simultanea per i media. Dopo aver presentato la serie "In treatment" e le condizioni in cui si è svolto l’esperimento di simultanea (terzo capitolo), nella quarta e ultima parte analizzo e commento alcuni esempi di fenomeni linguistici e culturali, tratti dalle trascrizioni dell'originale e delle due versioni italiane, riprendendo le categorie di analisi dalle ricerche di Tiziana Labriola (2002) e Cecilia Wadensjö (1998).

This thesis examines a queer fan community for the television show Once Upon a Time (OUAT) that utilizes the social networking site Tumblr as their primary base of fan activity. The Swan Queen fan community is comprised of individuals that collectively support and celebrate a non-canon romantic relationship between two of the female lead characters of the show rather than the canonic, heterocentric relationships that occur between the two women and their respective male love interests. I answer two research questions in this study: First, how are members of the Swan Queen fan community developing counter narratives of love by engaging in meaning-making processes and interpretations of OUAT? And secondly, how do they talk about the purpose and importance of their narratives for themselves or the Swan Queen fan community? In order to answer my research questions, I consider how the Swan Queen fandom developed and how they convey their meaning-making strategies online. To do this, I have analyzed the Tumblr blog of one Swan Queen fan and have used their blog as a nexus between other Swan Queen fans that use the website for their fan activities. Swan Queen fans argue that the show runners of OUAT use subtextual codes within canonical storylines in an effort to queerbait the show’s queer audience members. Moreover, the show runners refute the notion that they are queerbating queer fans at all by arguing that the fans’ perceptions are baseless and that any perceived queering of the characters Emma Swan and Regina Mills is purely “unintentional.” This response has only served to alienate the show’s queer fan base further as it led to increased complaints that the show runners were gaslighting the entire queer fandom. Additionally, Swan Queen fans maintain that the show’s introduction of canonical storylines featuring romantic relationships between Regina and Robin Hood and Emma and Captain Hook are heterosexist and dangerous. The storylines between Emma and Captain Hook, queer fans argue, often promote rape culture, thus perpetuating violence against both queer and non-queer audiences through storylines grounded in fairytale concepts of “True Love” and “Happily Ever After”. As such, Swan Queen fans push back against and reject this violence through their own interpretations and counter narratives of “True Love”. In accordance with previous research, I have found that historically marginalized groups such as the queer community continue to experience widespread and often aggressive attacks by queerphobic individuals and hate groups that are intent on preserving traditionally heterocentric institutions in our society, including (but not limited to) mainstream media broadcasting. Furthermore, fandom has become institutionalized in the same manner and typically operates within hegemonic, heterocentric standards. Conversely, queer fandoms such as the Swan Queen fandom operate outside of these standards, and fans respond to antagonistic efforts to silence them or cast them in an inaccurate manner by creating close-knit social communities to combat these actions and provide a space wherein individuals are able to counter dominant narratives that serve to further marginalize them. This study elucidates how this effort may occur and questions the effect this membership has on those who participate within a queer fandom. It is imperative that such research takes place, as there are very few accounts of how queer fans navigate the complex intersection between fandom and queerness.

碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
翻譯研究所
93
Need for television interpreting has increased since the Gulf War of 1991. Breaking news in other parts of the world has also generated greater demand for use of television interpreting services. As television interpreting is considered to be a highly difficult type of interpreting, it is important to establish a standard for quality in television interpreting, and to determine if special training is required to provide quality television interpreting services. There have been many empirical studies and discussions about live television interpreting, most of which approach television interpreting from the perspective of users, i.e. television audiences. This study intends to explore views of quality and hiring decisions from the perspective of television news translators and interpreters. A questionnaire survey of 11 television news translators and interpreters shows that (1) Television news stations prefer in-house translators to professional interpreters for breaking news interpreting. (2) Training of interpreting is recommended for potential television news interpreters. (3) Special training focusing on television interpreting should be offered by educational institutions. The study also shows that working experience and training in interpreting affect the views of quality and hiring decision in television interpreting. The study also presents lists of quality standards and training curriculum from the perspective of television news translators and interpreters.

碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
翻譯研究所
92
In view of the imperativeness of context in the evaluation of interpreting activities, this study identifies two television news contexts in which simultaneous interpreting from English into Chinese was frequently used in Taiwan during the US attacks on Iraq in 2003, i.e. speeches given by political figures at news conferences and live reports by Cable News Network (CNN) journalists. The view of TV management and that of the audience are represented by eight news department directors and 79 undergraduate students respectively, and are investigated on seven interpretation criteria and five questions regarding the expected roles of interpreters in the two contexts.

This master's thesis describes media interpreting in the public service media in the Czech Republic - in both Czech Television and Czech Radio. The theoretical part presents media interpreting as a distinctive part of interpreting research, including the type of media interpreting, the role of the interpreter, the question of stress or quality of media interpreting and media interpreting in various countries. It also looks at the history and public service of Czech Television and Czech Radio and in particular programmes in these media. The second part of the thesis maps interpreted programmes and types of interpreting in the public service media in the Czech Republic and the working conditions of the interpreters. The research is based on semi-structured interviews with seven active media interpreters and on archive materials of Czech Television and Czech Radio. Key words: Czech Republic, Czech Television, Czech Radio, media, interpreting

Der Sport ist das dominierende Phänomen der heutigen Freizeitkultur und ein wachsender Wirtschaftszweig. Ob in den Medien, beim Handel mit Sportwaren oder beim Sport selbst: Wo über Sport gesprochen wird, treffen verschiedene Sprachen aufeinander. Um Sprachbarrieren zu überwinden, sind Dolmetscher oft unverzichtbar. Das Fachgebiet Sport bringt dabei Besonderheiten mit sich, z. B. die große Rolle des Fernsehens sowie eine eigene, vielschichtige Sprache, in der Jargon nicht selten mit Fachlexik kombiniert wird. War die Sportsprache bereits Gegenstand vieler Publikationen, befasst sich diese Arbeit mit den kaum erforschten Dolmetschtätigkeiten im Sport. Im Theorieteil werden u. a. der Bedarf an Dolmetschleistungen dargelegt und die Sportsprache aus Dolmetschersicht analysiert. Grundlage des Praxisteils ist eine Umfrage unter 51 Sport-Dolmetschern, die zu sprachlichen Herausforderungen ebenso befragt wurden wie zu den häufigsten Dolmetschsituationen oder den Verdienstmöglichkeiten.

碩士
世新大學
傳播研究所(含博士班)
94
Drawing upon Stanley Fish’s idea of interpretive communities, this study explains that journalists as interpretive communities are united through their collective interpretations. This thesis aims mainly to explore the shared interpretations of journalistic interpretive community. Then, it realizes further that how journalists comment on the performance of their colleagues in television talk show by using shared meanings. This study does not start with a traditional approach, news professionalism, to evaluate journalists’ performance, but with the perspective of culture as a tool-kit, proposed by Ann Swidler, to probe into the cultural givens in journalistic practice. And this offers a new direction for news production research. My investigation focuses on journalists’ beliefs on their roles and news work, their appraisal of journalists’ performance in television talk show, and the interpretive strategies taken by journalists in the show. I conducted in-depth interviews to collect data from the three following groups: (1) the journalists who are the guests of television talk show, (2) the journalists who haven’t participated in television talk show, and (3) the talk show’s hosts who were reporters and talk-show guests in the past. The interviewees in this study are 14 people in total. The results show that, first of all, journalists are indeed the members of interpretive communities. They share the same beliefs and values regarding their profession. They particularly value the accuracy and completeness of information they obtain, whether a reporter eyewitnesses a news event or not, the extent to which a reporter specializes in the knowledge of a beat, and the conduct of objective reporting. Based on the above shared beliefs, journalists make sense of their daily work and appraise or criticize the performance of their own or their colleagues in television talk show. Secondly, when interviewees appraise journalists’ performance in television talk show, they are divided into two interpretive communities based on their different experience with television talk show. One community is formed by the journalists who participate in television talk show. the other is constituted by those who do not participate in the show. These two interpretive communities hold different normative beliefs on whether journalists should attend television talk show. Therefore, the interpretive viewpoints and evaluation criteria that the two groups employ to comment on journalists’ performance in television talk show are not consistent. For those interviewees that attend television talk show, they hold different views on their roles in journalists’ practice and in television talk show. Although they still possess firm beliefs on what journalists should stand for and how journalists should do, these journalists employ different interpretive strategies to elaborate their role in television talk show and to comment the performance of other journalists in the show. They usually don’t make evaluation in terms of the professional ideology of journalism. However, the performance of journalists attending television talk show tends to follow two journalistic standards: speaking on the facts and drawing upon on-the-spot interview. For journalists attending the show, speaking on the facts is especially important because it provides them with three advantages: It can avoid the criticism and labeling from audiences. It can avoid revilement among the guests. It can redeem a lack of on-the-spot interview.

This study investigates factors hampering comprehension of sign language interpretations rendered on South African TV news bulletins in terms of Deaf viewers’ expectancy norms and corpus analysis of authentic interpretations. The research fills a gap in the emerging discipline of Sign Language Interpreting Studies, specifically with reference to corpus studies. The study presents a new model for translation/interpretation evaluation based on the introduction of Grounded Theory (GT) into a reception-oriented model. The research question is addressed holistically in terms of target audience competencies and expectations, aspects of the physical setting, interpreters’ use of language and interpreting choices. The South African Deaf community are incorporated as experts into the assessment process, thereby empirically grounding the research within the socio-dynamic context of the target audience. Triangulation in data collection and analysis was provided by applying multiple mixed data collection methods, namely questionnaires, interviews, eye-tracking and corpus tools. The primary variables identified by the study are the small picture size and use of dialect. Secondary variables identified include inconsistent or inadequate use of non-manual features, incoherent or non-simultaneous mouthing, careless or incorrect sign execution, too fast signing, loss of visibility against skin or clothing, omission of vital elements of sentence structure, adherence to source language structures, meaningless additions, incorrect referencing, oversimplification and violations of Deaf norms of restructuring, information transfer, gatekeeping and third person interpreting. The identification of these factors allows the construction of a series of testable hypotheses, thereby providing a broad platform for further research. Apart from pioneering corpus-driven sign language interpreting research, the study makes significant contributions to present knowledge of evaluative models, interpreting strategies and norms and systems of transcription and annotation.
Linguistics
Thesis (D. Litt.et Phil. (Linguistics)

碩士
明道大學
產業創新與經營學系碩士班
100
Taiwan's cable TV industry from illegal to legitimate business, evolution of today's convergence of telecommunications, information and entertainment in of the important role. Cable TV in the development process, the consortium centralized of resulting in gradually market structure industry competition, lead to the gradual centralization of market structure. The customer dissatisfied the quality of service of the cable television industry, it has been some scholars have called for the quality of service should face up to cable, to ensure the interests of the customer ratings.　　 In this study, explore the literature of the cable television customer satisfaction at home and abroad, the degree of influence will affect customer cable satisfaction dimensions: Reliability, Responsiveness　Assurance , Tangibles, Empathy, the survey of individual dimensions of variables to provide independent system, cable companies, as the improvement of service quality, so that the cable companies can improve the overall satisfaction of viewing households, the realm of creating a win-win and customers, to ensure that new entrants to competitors from entering the market of the same district to retain a competitive advantage. In this study, to build a hierarchical model for an objective assessment for analysis the use of interpretive structural modeling. First of all references and Cable television through expert interviews, to construct a suitable criteria for assessing the quality of customer service, followed by the use of interpretive structural model for the industry overall service quality assessment. Finally, the assessment of development hierarchical model used in the service quality expectations of consumers on the innovative model of service quality levels, in assessing and improving the quality of reference providing the industry for future innovative services.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1996.
Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 180-187).