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Academic literature on the topic 'Telegraph process'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Telegraph process"

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NOAKES, RICHARD J. "Telegraphy is an occult art: Cromwell Fleetwood Varley and the diffusion of electricity to the other world." British Journal for the History of Science 32, no. 4 (December 1999): 421–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087499003763.

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In May 1862 Desmond G. Fitzgerald, the editor of the Electrician, lamented thattelegraphy has been until lately an art occult even to many of the votaries of electrical science. Submarine telegraphy, initiated by a bold and tentative process – the laying of the Dover cable in the year 1850 – opened out a vast field of opportunity both to merit and competency, and to unscrupulous determination. For the purposes of the latter, the field was to be kept close [sic], and science, which can alone be secured by merit, more or less ignored.To Fitzgerald, the ‘occult’ status of the telegraph looked set to continue, with recent reports of scientific counterfeits, unscrupulous electricians and financially motivated saboteurs involved in the telegraphic art. Nevertheless, Fitzgerald reassured his readers that the confidence of ‘those who act for the public’ had been restored by earnest electricians, whose ‘moral cause’ would ultimately be felt and who ‘may be safely trusted even in matters where there is an option between a private interest and a public benefit’. As a prominent crusader for the telegraph, Fitzgerald voiced the concerns of many electricians seeking public confidence and investment in their trade in the wake of the failed submarine telegraphs of the 1850s. The spread of proper knowledge about the telegraph would hinge on securing an adequate supply of backers and the construction of telegraphy as a truly moral cause – an art cleansed of fraudsters, ignoramuses and dogmatists.
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Ratanov, Nikita, and Mikhail Turov. "On Local Time for Telegraph Processes." Mathematics 11, no. 4 (February 12, 2023): 934. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11040934.

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The article consists of an introduction into the theory of passage times associated with telegraph processes. Local time for the telegraph process is defined and analysed. We provide some limited results for telegraphic local times.
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Pogorui, Anatoliy A., Anatoliy Swishchuk, and Ramón M. Rodríguez-Dagnino. "Transformations of Telegraph Processes and Their Financial Applications." Risks 9, no. 8 (August 17, 2021): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks9080147.

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In this paper, we consider non-linear transformations of classical telegraph process. The main results consist of deriving a general partial differential Equation (PDE) for the probability density (pdf) of the transformed telegraph process, and then presenting the limiting PDE under Kac’s conditions, which may be interpreted as the equation for a diffusion process on a circle. This general case includes, for example, classical cases, such as limiting diffusion and geometric Brownian motion under some specifications of non-linear transformations (i.e., linear, exponential, etc.). We also give three applications of non-linear transformed telegraph process in finance: (1) application of classical telegraph process in the case of balance, (2) application of classical telegraph process in the case of dis-balance, and (3) application of asymmetric telegraph process. For these three cases, we present European call and put option prices. The novelty of the paper consists of new results for non-linear transformed classical telegraph process, new models for stock prices based on transformed telegraph process, and new applications of these models to option pricing.
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ORSINGHER, E., and XUELEI ZHAO. "THE SPACE-FRACTIONAL TELEGRAPH EQUATION AND THE RELATED FRACTIONAL TELEGRAPH PROCESS." Chinese Annals of Mathematics 24, no. 01 (January 2003): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0252959903000050.

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Bshouty, Daoud, Antonio Di Crescenzo, Barbara Martinucci, and Shelemyahu Zacks. "Generalized Telegraph Process with Random Delays." Journal of Applied Probability 49, no. 3 (September 2012): 850–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1239/jap/1346955338.

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In this paper we study the distribution of the location, at time t, of a particle moving U time units upwards, V time units downwards, and W time units of no movement (idle). These are repeated cyclically, according to independent alternating renewals. The distributions of U, V, and W are absolutely continuous. The velocities are v = +1 upwards, v = -1 downwards, and v = 0 during idle periods. Let Y+(t), Y−(t), and Y0(t) denote the total time in (0, t) of movements upwards, downwards, and no movements, respectively. The exact distribution of Y+(t) is derived. We also obtain the probability law of X(t) = Y+(t) - Y−(t), which describes the particle's location at time t. Explicit formulae are derived for the cases of exponential distributions with equal rates, with different rates, and with linear rates (leading to damped processes).
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Di Crescenzo, Antonio, Antonella Iuliano, Barbara Martinucci, and Shelemyahu Zacks. "Generalized Telegraph Process with Random Jumps." Journal of Applied Probability 50, no. 2 (June 2013): 450–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1239/jap/1371648953.

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We consider a generalized telegraph process which follows an alternating renewal process and is subject to random jumps. More specifically, consider a particle at the origin of the real line at time t=0. Then it goes along two alternating velocities with opposite directions, and performs a random jump toward the alternating direction at each velocity reversal. We develop the distribution of the location of the particle at an arbitrary fixed time t, and study this distribution under the assumption of exponentially distributed alternating random times. The cases of jumps having exponential distributions with constant rates and with linearly increasing rates are treated in detail.
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Bshouty, Daoud, Antonio Di Crescenzo, Barbara Martinucci, and Shelemyahu Zacks. "Generalized Telegraph Process with Random Delays." Journal of Applied Probability 49, no. 03 (September 2012): 850–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002190020000958x.

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In this paper we study the distribution of the location, at time t, of a particle moving U time units upwards, V time units downwards, and W time units of no movement (idle). These are repeated cyclically, according to independent alternating renewals. The distributions of U, V, and W are absolutely continuous. The velocities are v = +1 upwards, v = -1 downwards, and v = 0 during idle periods. Let Y +(t), Y −(t), and Y 0(t) denote the total time in (0, t) of movements upwards, downwards, and no movements, respectively. The exact distribution of Y +(t) is derived. We also obtain the probability law of X(t) = Y +(t) - Y −(t), which describes the particle's location at time t. Explicit formulae are derived for the cases of exponential distributions with equal rates, with different rates, and with linear rates (leading to damped processes).
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Di Crescenzo, Antonio, Antonella Iuliano, Barbara Martinucci, and Shelemyahu Zacks. "Generalized Telegraph Process with Random Jumps." Journal of Applied Probability 50, no. 02 (June 2013): 450–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021900200013486.

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We consider a generalized telegraph process which follows an alternating renewal process and is subject to random jumps. More specifically, consider a particle at the origin of the real line at timet=0. Then it goes along two alternating velocities with opposite directions, and performs a random jump toward the alternating direction at each velocity reversal. We develop the distribution of the location of the particle at an arbitrary fixed timet, and study this distribution under the assumption of exponentially distributed alternating random times. The cases of jumps having exponential distributions with constant rates and with linearly increasing rates are treated in detail.
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D'Arrigo, A., G. Falci, and E. Paladino. "Dynamical decoupling of random telegraph noise in a two-qubit gate." International Journal of Quantum Information 12, no. 02 (March 2014): 1461008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749914610085.

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Controlling the dynamics of entanglement and preventing its disappearance are central requisites for any implementation of quantum information processing. Solid state qubits are frequently affected by random telegraph noise due to bistable impurities of different nature coupled to the device. In this paper, we investigate the possibility to achieve an efficient universal two-qubit gate in the presence of random telegraph noise by periodic dynamical decoupling. We find an analytic form of the gate error as a function of the number of applied pulses valid when the gate time is much shorter then the telegraphic process correlation time. The analysis is further supplemented by exact numerical results demonstrating the feasibility of a highly-efficient universal two-qubit gate.
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Woods, Robert O. "A Cable to Shrink the Earth." Mechanical Engineering 133, no. 01 (January 1, 2011): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2011-jan-5.

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This article discusses how the invention of the telegram revolutionized the communication process in the mid-19th century. On August 15, 1858, Queen Victoria sent a telegram to President Buchanan. It was a joint American and British effort, spearheaded from the American side by an indefatigable financier, Cyrus West Field, and on the British side by a telegraph company. The message of 98 words took sixteen and a half hours to transmit. The cable that carried Victoria’s message was laid in two sections beginning from a rendezvous point in mid-Atlantic. Two converted battleships spliced their cargoes and parted laying cable; the Agamemnon provided by the British government steered east to Ireland, and the American Niagara west to Newfoundland. Before this cable was laid, there was no direct communication between continents. No message could travel faster than the fastest steamships, which required at least 10 days to make the sea voyage between America and Europe. The submarine telegraph cable reduced communication time from days to hours.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Telegraph process"

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Iuliano, Antonella. "Analysis of a birth and death process with alternating rates and of a telegraph process with underlying random walk." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/311.

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2010 - 2011
My thesis for the Doctoral Programme in Mathematics (November 1, 2008 - October 31, 2011) at University of Salerno, Italy, has been oriented to the analysis of two stochastic models, with particular emphasis on the de- termination of their probability laws and related properties. The discussion of the doctoral dissertation will be given in 20 March 2012. The first part of the thesis is devoted to the analysis of a birth and death process with alternating rates. We recall that an extensive survey on birth- death processes (BDP) has been provided by Parthasarathy and Lenin [3]. In this work the authors adopt standard methods of analysis (such as power series technique and Laplace transforms) to find explicit expressions for the transient and stationary distributions of BDPs and provide applications of such results to specific fields (communication systems, chemical and biolog- ical models). In particular, in Section 9 they use BDPs to describe the time changes in the concentrations of the components of a chemical reaction and discuss the role of BDPs in the study of diatomic molecular chains. More- over, the paper by StockMayer et al. [4] gives an example of application of stochastic processes in the study of chain molecular diffusion. In this work a molecule is modeled as a freely-joined chain of two regularly alternating kinds of atoms. All bonds have the same length but the two kinds of atoms have alternating jump rates, i.e. the forward and backward jump rates for even labeled beads are α and β, respectively, and these rates are reversed for odd labeled beads. The authors obtain the exact timedependent aver- age length of bond vectors. Inspired by this works, Conolly [1] studied an infinitely long chain of atoms joined by links of equal length. The links are assumed to be subject to random shocks, that force the atoms to move and the molecule to diffuse. The shock mechanism is different according to whether the atom occupies an odd or an even position on the chain. The originating stochastic model is a randomized random walk on the integers with an unusual exponential pattern for the inter-step time intervals. The authors analyze some features of this process and investigate also its queue counterpart, where the walk is confined to the non negative integers. Stimulated by the above researches, a birth and death process N(t) on the integers with a transition rate λ from even states and a possibly different rate μ from odd states has been studied in the first part of the thesis. A de- tailed description of the model is performed, and the Chapman-Kolmogorov equations are introduced. Then, the probability generating functions of even and odd states are then obtained. These allow to evaluate the transition probabilities of the process for arbitrary integer initial state. Certain sym- metry properties of the transition probabilities are also pinpointed. Then, the birth and death process obtained by superimposing a reecting bound- ary in the zero-state is analyzed. In particular, by making use of a Laplace transform approach, the probability of a transition from state 0 or state 1 to the zero-state is obtained. Formulas for mean and variance of both processes are finally provided. The second part of the thesis is devoted to the analysis of a generalized telegraph process with an underlying random walk. The classical telegraph process describes a random motion on the real line characterized by two _nite velocities with opposite directions, where the velocity changes are governed by a time-homogeneous Poisson process (see Orsingher [2]). The novelty in the proposed model consists in the use of new rules for velocity changes, which are now governed by a sequence of Bernoulli trials. This implies that the random times separating consecutive changes of direction of the mov- ing particle have a general distribution and form a non-regular alternating renewal process. Starting from the origin, the running particle performs an alternating motion with velocities c and -v (c; v > 0). The direction of the motion (forward and backward) is determined by the velocity sign. The particle changes the direction according to the outcome of a Bernoulli trial. Hence, this defines a (possibly asymmetric) random walk governing the choice of the velocity at any epoch. By adopting techniques based on renewal theory, the general form of probability law is determined as well as the mean of the process. Furthermore, two instances are investigated in detail, in which the random intertimes between consecutive velocity changes are exponentially distributed with (i) constant rates and with (ii) linearly increasing rates. In the first case, explicit expressions of the transition den- sity and of the conditional mean of the process are expressed as series of Gauss hypergeometric functions. The second case leads to a damped ran- dom motion, for which we obtain the transition density in closed form. It is interesting to note that the latter case yields a logistic stationary density. References [1] Conolly B.W. (1971) On randomized random walks. SIAM Review, 13, 81-99. [2] Orsingher, E. (1990) Probability law, flow functions, maximum distri- bution of wave-governed random motions and their connections with Kirchoff's laws. Stoch. Process. Appl., 34, 49-66. [3] Parthasarathy P.R. and Lenin R.B. (2004) Birth and death process (BDP) models with applications-queueing, communication systems, chemical models, biological models: the state-of the- art with a time- dependent perspective. American Series in Mathematical and Manage- ment Sciences, vol. 51, American Sciences Press, Columbus (2004) [4] Stockmayer W.H., Gobush W. and Norvich R. (1971) Local-jump mod- els for chain dynamics. Pure Appl. Chem., 26, 555-561. NOTE The thesis consists of four chapters: Chapter 1. Some definitions and properties of stochastic processes. Chapter 2. Analysis of birth-death processes on the set of integers, char- acterized by alternating rates. Chapter 3. Results on the standard telegraph process. Chapter 4. Study of the telegraph process with an underlying random walk governing the velocity changes. [edited by author]
X n.s.
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Chien, Ming-Hung, and 簡銘宏. "The influence of different process on the Random Telegraph Noise of the NAND Flash Memory." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/zew6yr.

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碩士
國立清華大學
積體電路設計與製程開發產業碩士專班
106
In the past two decades, flash memory has played an important role in the storage market, and NAND flash memory has become the best solution for massive storage due to its low cost and high density. However, as the medium CMOS technology progresses, the size of a memory cell becomes smaller and smaller, and the developers face with severe challenges in terms of memory durability, reliability, and device lifetime, when experience frequent erasing and programming during oper-ation. In programming and erasing cycle tests, defects are created on the channel oxide film. These defects occur at the interface between the oxide layer and the substrate which converse to phase noise that affects the per-formance of memory array. The above behavior caused the capture and re-lease of electrons, which in turn changed the current of the channel, lead-ing to random telegraph noise. Also, as the chip size shrinks, signal to noise ratio decreases which cause additional challenges in readout circuit design much more difficult. Therefore, analysis on the influence of process and experiment on random telegraph noise is very important. With the miniaturization of devices, the impact of random telegraph noise cannot be ignored. Therefore, this study employed 1X nanometer NAND flash memory as test subject, and discuss under the circumstances which one can induced random telegraph noise the most easily. Moreover, the effects of different manufacturing processes on RTN on 2D NAND flash memory arrays.
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Liao, Chen-Hsuan, and 廖晨瑄. "Modeling the Statistical Variability of Process and Random Telegraph Signals Induced Threshold Voltage Shifts in Nanoscale MOSFETs and FinFETs." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33925910257458133100.

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碩士
國立交通大學
電子研究所
105
The trapping and de-trapping of a single electron at the Si-SiO2 interface of planar bulk metal -oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) and fin-shape field effect transistors (FinFETs), which is called random telegraph signals (RTSs), has been a well-known issue for the reliability of the nanoscale device. In this work, with the help of Matlab and 3-D technology-aided design (TCAD), we not only reproduce RTS experimental data but also make a prediction of possible worst case threshold-voltage fluctuation amplitude in both MOSFETs and FinFETs. We also propose a mloc-σloc boundary where mloc and σloc are the mean and the standard deviation, respectively, of the channel local current density. The critical mloc-loc curve divides the plot into the allowed and forbidden region. The allowed region includes all possible (mloc, σloc) sets that help us to reproduce experimental data. Furthermore, we take metal gate granularity (MGG) percolation into account. RTS under MGG percolation causes the device threshold-voltage fluctuating more serious. Necessarily, a large number of simulation tasks are carried out to investigate it. Different device sizes and different average metal grain sizes are considered in this work. By statistics, we can finely reproduce Intel’s data and even give a next-generation guide-line for circuit designers.
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Sparre, Kirsten. "Peacemaking journalism at a time of community conflict: The Bradford Telegraph & Argus and the Bradford Riots." 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/2317.

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TACI, YLLI. "Il palazzo delle Poste e Telegrafi. Considerazioni sul processo tipologico di un edificio speciale contemporaneo." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1295246.

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La storia dell’evoluzione della posta da una realtà locale e circoscritta, con mete raggiungibili a piedi in giornata, ad una rete strutturata, internazionale ed unificata, costituisce lo spunto per ricostruire l’evoluzione dei relativi edifici predisposti al servizio. Dai semplici alloggi intermedi di sosta dei romani, i mansiones, passando per le stazioni antiche, le positae, si passa ai piccoli uffici postali dei sette Stati preunitari ed all’articolazione, sotto il Regno, in una struttura gerarchica, che passa dalle direzioni centrali agli uffici ed alle distribuzioni. La ricerca, attraverso lo studio analitico di casi studio, rappresentativi delle diverse fasi storiche e tipologiche, tenta di ricostruire l’evoluzione organico-processuale del Palazzo delle Poste e dei Telegrafi, dalla matrice di riferimento alla maturazione del tipo. I progressi nel campo scientifico, dall’invenzione del telegrafo e del telefono alla radio, l’inserimento della fascia della sportelleria e del vano nodale per il pubblico, la separazione dei flussi e nuovi aspetti legati alla ventilazione, alla luce ed alla limitazione del rumore prodotto dalle apparecchiature, innescano un processo di evoluzione e complessificazione del tipo, con la conseguente proliferazione degli spazi necessari al complesso di funzioni integrate richieste, alla rifunzionalizzazione di percorsi in origine scarichi o di percorrenza ed all’annodamento delle corti interne. Da una prima fase transitoria, in cui gli uffici postali venivano posti nella preesistenza senza interventi di adeguamento tipologico–strutturale, considerando gli edifici come contenitori nei quali inserire le funzioni, si passa alla riconfigurazione distributiva, strutturale ed organica di edifici esistenti, palazzi signorili e conventi, acquisiti grazie all’esproprio per pubblica utilità e scelti per la loro rispondenza alle esigenze di decoro, di accessibilità e di vicinanza al centro storico e/o ai nuovi assi amministrativi. Il processo di distillazione del tipo, guidato dalle direttive dell'ufficio tecnico del Ministero, si codifica, nei primi anni del ‘900, negli edifici innalzati su aree sottratte al tessuto stratificato, grazie all’arma dell’esproprio od ai piani di risanamento del centro storico, che ripropongono la matrice del tipo edilizio del palazzo, adattata ed aggiornata al nuovo complesso di funzioni integrate richieste. Lo studio di alcuni casi emblematici, analizzati nella loro componente urbanistica, evolutiva e tipologica, permette di riepilogare le mutazioni e le varianti sincroniche e diacroniche del tipo, giungendo alla definizione di alcune varianti, in funzione del rapporto tra vani seriali, sportelleria e salone del pubblico, sintetizzati in schemi riepilogativi. Le mutazioni tipologiche, indotte dall’architettura del regime e dalle nuove correnti internazionali, portano alla creazione di impianti caratterizzati dal decentramento del pubblico verso la periferia dell’edificio, a contatto con la città, e dalla progressiva coincidenza tra atrio e salone, che assume la configurazione di una galleria, parallela alla facciata, ad espansione virtuale della piazza urbana prospiciente. Sotto l’aspetto linguistico la politica monumentale e celebrativa fascista, porta all’inserimento di motivi estranei al carattere funzionale dell’edificio, ma rispondenti all’esigenza simbolica e propagandistica del regime, che, ricorrendo all’affidamento diretto degli incarichi agli architetti degli uffici tecnici del Ministero, quali Mazzoni o Narducci, o ad artisti in linea con la politica nazionale, come Piacentini e Bazzani, costruiva volumi imponenti e squadrati, simboli dell’efficienza del governo. Contro il monopolio costruttivo dei palazzi postali, da parte dell’ufficio tecnico del Ministero delle Poste si muovevano le nuove leve, da Vaccaro, a Samonà, Libera e Ridolfi, i quali ebbero la possibilità di esprimersi solo attraverso la pratica del concorso. Se il linguaggio razionalista appare sommessamente nei quattro edifici postali del concorso di Roma degli anni Trenta, affiancando l’utilizzo della struttura a telaio cementizio alle pareti in muratura tradizionale, irrompe, invece, nel palazzo postelegrafico eretto a cavallo della seconda guerra mondiale dai BBPR all’E42 a Roma nelle facciate, attraverso la manifestazione dell’ossatura portante trilitica ed in planimetria, dove l’adozione di un metodo funzionale, comporta la disgregazione dell’organismo edilizio unitario e simmetrico e la sua scomposizione in blocchi funzionali fisicamente separati e formalmente distinti, in relazione alla destinazione seriale o nodale inserita. Dopo la seconda guerra mondiale, accanto alla permanenza delle sedi centrali, nei palazzi costruiti nei cinquant’anni precedenti, si sviluppa, seguendo la progressiva espansione della città verso le periferie, una diffusione capillare degli uffici postali di quartiere, che, come nel periodo preunitario, occupano interamente o anche parzialmente, il livello terreno di edifici già esistenti. La progressiva digitalizzazione dei servizi, l’estensione dell’area commerciale e l’inclusione del settore bancario e finanziario, hanno innescato dei processi ancora in atto di evoluzione funzionale e tipologica del palazzo postale, che potrebbero, potenzialmente, portare alla scomparsa od alla riduzione della sportelleria, in favore di spazi di consulenza individuali col cliente, trasformando il palazzo in un vano nodale policentrico.
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Books on the topic "Telegraph process"

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Ma, Shaoling. The Stone and the Wireless. Duke University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/9781478013051.

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In the final decades of the Manchu Qing dynasty in China, technologies such as the phonograph, telephone, telegraph, and photography were both new and foreign. In The Stone and the Wireless Shaoling Ma analyzes diplomatic diaries, early science fiction, feminist poetry, photography, telegrams, and other archival texts, and shows how writers, intellectuals, reformers, and revolutionaries theorized what media does despite lacking a vocabulary to do so. Media defines the dynamics between technologies and their social or cultural forms, between devices or communicative processes and their representations in texts and images. More than simply reexamining late Qing China's political upheavals and modernizing energies through the lens of media, Ma shows that a new culture of mediation was helping to shape the very distinctions between politics, gender dynamics, economics, and science and technology. Ma contends that mediation lies not only at the heart of Chinese media history but of media history writ large.
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Headrick, Daniel R. When Information Came of Age. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195135978.001.0001.

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Although the Information Age is often described as a new era, a cultural leap springing directly from the invention of modern computers, it is simply the latest step in a long cultural process. Its conceptual roots stretch back to the profound changes that occurred during the Age of Reason and Revolution. When Information Came of Age argues that the key to the present era lies in understanding the systems developed in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries to gather, store, transform, display, and communicate information. The book provides a concise and readable survey of the many conceptual developments between 1700 and 1850 and draws connections to leading technologies of today. It documents three breakthroughs in information systems that date to the period: the classification and nomenclature of Linnaeus, the chemical system devised by Lavoisier, and the metric system. It shows how eighteenth-century political arithmeticians and demographers pioneered statistics and graphs as a means for presenting data succinctly and visually. It describes the transformation of cartography from art to science as it incorporated new methods for determining longitude at sea and new data on the measure the arc of the meridian on land. Finally, it looks at the early steps in codifying and transmitting information, including the development of dictionaries, the invention of semaphore telegraphs and naval flag signaling, and the conceptual changes in the use and purpose of postal services. When Information Came of Age shows that like the roots of democracy and industrialization, the foundations of the Information Age were built in the eighteenth and early nineteenth century.
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Book chapters on the topic "Telegraph process"

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Kolesnik, Alexander D., and Nikita Ratanov. "Functionals of Telegraph Process." In Telegraph Processes and Option Pricing, 45–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40526-6_3.

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Ratanov, Nikita, and Alexander D. Kolesnik. "Functionals of Telegraph Process." In Telegraph Processes and Option Pricing, 223–96. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65827-7_5.

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Kolesnik, Alexander D., and Nikita Ratanov. "Telegraph Process on the Line." In Telegraph Processes and Option Pricing, 19–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40526-6_2.

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Ratanov, Nikita, and Alexander D. Kolesnik. "Symmetric Telegraph Process on the Line." In Telegraph Processes and Option Pricing, 31–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65827-7_2.

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De Gregorio, Alessandro, and Claudio Macci. "Large Deviations for a Damped Telegraph Process." In EAA Series, 275–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06653-0_17.

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Meoli, Alessandra. "Some Results on Generalized Accelerated Motions Driven by the Telegraph Process." In SEMA SIMAI Springer Series, 223–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69236-0_12.

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Kolesnik, Alexander D., and Nikita Ratanov. "Asymmetric Jump-Telegraph Processes." In Telegraph Processes and Option Pricing, 69–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40526-6_4.

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Ratanov, Nikita, and Alexander D. Kolesnik. "Asymmetric Jump-Telegraph Processes." In Telegraph Processes and Option Pricing, 65–188. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65827-7_3.

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Kolesnik, Alexander D., and Nikita Ratanov. "Preliminaries." In Telegraph Processes and Option Pricing, 1–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40526-6_1.

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Kolesnik, Alexander D., and Nikita Ratanov. "Financial Modelling and Option Pricing." In Telegraph Processes and Option Pricing, 89–125. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40526-6_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Telegraph process"

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Rizk, C., P. Julian, A. Pasciaroni, H. Radhakrishnan, J. Wilson, and P. Pouliquen. "Device Mismatching and Random Telegraph Signal In Digital Pixel Imagers On 90-nm CMOS Process." In 2020 Argentine Conference on Electronics (CAE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cae48787.2020.9046364.

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Zhao, Chunshan, Bai Kang, Wuzhi Zhang, Yamin Cao, and Wei Zhou. "Reduction of random telegraph signal noise by optimizing deep trench isolation process for backside illuminated CMOS image sensor." In 2021 China Semiconductor Technology International Conference (CSTIC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cstic52283.2021.9461499.

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Jo, B. S., H. J. Kang, S. M. Joe, M. K. Jeong, S. K. Park, K. R. Han, B. G. Park, and J. H. Lee. "Characterization RTN(Random Telegraph Noise) Generated by Process and Cycling Stress Induced Traps in 26nm NAND Flash Memory." In 2012 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.2012.b-2-2.

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Mulder, Randal. "Time Domain Nanoprobe Analysis of RTS Popcorn Noise in Analog Circuits." In ISTFA 2018. ASM International, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2018p0403.

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Abstract Random Telegraph Signal (RTS), also described as popcorn noise in semiconductor analog circuits occurs when there is a sudden step in threshold voltage for a MOSFET or sudden step in base current for a bipolar transistor. The causes of popcorn noise can be process-related in semiconductor manufacturing. This paper presents a nanoprobe analysis methodology that was able to detect popcorn noise issues in discrete transistors causing analog circuit failure. The results presented for two different devices obtained similar results proving that the analysis methodology is viable for detecting popcorn noise issues in semiconductor MOSFET transistors. From a failure analysis perspective, the purpose of this paper is to provide the ability and a methodology to detect a signal that differentiates a failing transistor (popcorn noise) from a non-failing transistor (no popcorn noise). In this regard, the ability to obtain these results was not only unexpected but also very successful.
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Chen, Yuqi, James M. McDonough, and Kaveh A. Tagavi. "A Hyperbolic Phase-Field Approach for Solidification With Supercooling." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-1026.

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Abstract This report concerns the solidification of a “supercooled” liquid, whose temperature is initially below the equilibrium melt temperature, Tm of the solid. A new approach, the phase-field method, will be applied for this Stefan problem with supercooling, which simulates the solidification process of a pure material into a supercooled liquid in a spherical region. The advantage of the phase-field method is that it bypasses explicitly tracking the freezing front. In this approach the solid-liquid interface is treated as diffuse, and a dynamic equation for the phase variable is introduced in addition to the equation for heat flow. Thus, there are two coupled partial differential equations for temperature and phase field. In the reported study, an implicit numerical scheme using finite-difference techniques on a uniform mesh is employed to solve both Fourier phase-field equations and non-Fourier (known as damped wave or telegraph) phase-field equations. The latter gurantees a finite speed of propagation for the solidification front. Both Fourier (parabolic) and non-Fourier (hyperbolic) Stefan problems with supercooling are satisfactorily simulated and their solutions compared in the present work.
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Scherer, P. O. J. "Noise induced intramolecular electron transfer processes in polar media." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.1992.fc4.

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In two recent papers the photoinduced electron transfer process within a porphyrin quinon cyclophane complex has been studied experimentally /1/ and theoretically /2/ as a model system for the photosynthetic reaction center. The observed rate of the charge separation process depends strongly on the solvent polarity. This dependence could be described analytically using macroscopic models for the dielectric behavior of the solvent. In general, however, such systems may show nonexponential behavior /3/ and the solvent dynamics has to be considered explicitly in a microscopic model. This is the aim of the present paper. We present a microscopic model for the solvent induced transition from the optically excited state (P*) to the charge separated state (CT). Due to its large permanent dipole moment the CT state energy fluctuates strongly in a polar environment. These fluctuations are modeled by a dichotomic process. The energy difference Δ=E(CT)-E(P*) is described as a random telegraph signal which switches between two values Δ+>0 and Δ−<0 . This process is characterized by its correlation time and the probability of finding Δ<0. As long as Δ<0 the transition P* −> CT takes place whereas in the opposite case Δ>0 the CT state may either decay into the ground state or the transfer may be reversed (see fig.1). The combination of solvent fluctuations plus intramolecular transitions is described by a master equation which can be solved analytically. The general solution shows multi exponential behavior. It contains the two limiting cases of slow and fast dielectric relaxation (as compared to the intramolecular transition rates) as special cases and is also able to describe the intermediate region where the timescales of solvent dynamics and intramolecular transitions are comparable.
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Sonoda, Ken'ichiro, Motoaki Tanizawa, Kiyoshi Ishikawa, and Yasuo Inoue. "Modeling statistical distribution of random telegraph noise magnitude." In 2011 International Conference on Simulation of Semiconductor Processes and Devices (SISPAD). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sispad.2011.6035039.

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Vinogradova, Anna Y. "TELEGRAM IMPLEMENTATION POTENTIAL IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING ENGLISH IN HIGHER EDUCATION." In Люди речисты - 2021. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-49-5-2021-354-358.

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Jun-Myung Woo, Hong-Hyun Park, Hong Shick Min, Young June Park, Sung-Min Hong, and Chan Hyeong Park. "Statistical analysis of random telegraph noise in CMOS image sensors." In 2008 International Conference on Simulation of Semiconductor Processes and Devices (SISPAD 2008). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sispad.2008.4648241.

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Sonoda, Ken'ichiro, Kiyoshi Ishikawa, Takahisa Eimori, and Osamu Tsuchiya. "Modeling of Discrete Dopant Effects on Threshold Voltage Shift by Random Telegraph Signal." In 2006 International Conference on Simulation of Semiconductor Processes and Devices. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sispad.2006.282851.

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Reports on the topic "Telegraph process"

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Priadko, Andrii O., Kateryna P. Osadcha, Vladyslav S. Kruhlyk, and Volodymyr A. Rakovych. Development of a chatbot for informing students of the schedule. [б. в.], February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3744.

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The article describes the process of developing a chatbot to provide students with information about schedules using the Telegram mobile messenger. During the research, the following tasks have been performed: the analysis of notification systems for their use in the educational process, identification of problems of notifying students about the schedule (dynamic environment, traditional presentation of information, lack of round-the-clock access), substantiation of the choice of mobile technologies and Telegram messenger, determination of the requirements to the software, generalization of the chatbot functioning features, description of the structure, functionality of the program to get information about the schedule using a chatbot. The following tasks have been programmatically implemented: obtaining data from several pages of a spreadsheet (faculty / institute, red / green week, group number, day of the week, period number, discipline name, information about the teacher); presentation of data in a convenient form for the messenger (XML); implementation of the mechanism of convenient presentation of data in the messenger (chatbot). Using Python and the Telegram API, the software has been designed to increase students; immediacy in getting the information about the schedules, minimizing the time spent, and optimizing of planning of student activities and higher education institution functioning.
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