Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Télécommunications – Trafic – Innovations technologiques'
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Angelini, Philippe. "Contribution à l'étude de nouvelles technologies de co-packaging et de co-design appliquées à la réalisation de modules photorécepteurs pour les systèmes de télécommunications de prochaine génération." Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0023/document.
Full textThis thesis falls within the scope of high-speed short-reach optical communication where the growing need in data transfer forces the current architectures to evolve as quickly. Acces network and data-center components and subsystems must follow this growth, especially on the photoreceiver side. 40 Gb{s and beyond high-speed communications are limited by the current photoreceiver architecture, which, due to the integration of both of its main functions (photodetection[PD]/amplification[TIA]), limits the maximum achievable bandwitdh. In order to reduce the amount of components and price caused by multi-architectures, photoreceivers bandwidth must be increased. Two solutions are proposed so that the photoreceiver performances can be optimized : A co-packaging approach in which both main functions of the photoreceiver are considered as black boxes to which must be added an external circuit allowing to increase the bandwidth, and a co-design approach in which a new transimpedance amplifier (TIA) is designed, integrating a pre-equalizing function based on the photodiode characteristics, allowing an enhancement of the photoreceiver bandwitdh
Fontane, Frédéric. "Gestion des discontinuités technologiques : le cas des opérateurs de télécommunications." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX32067.
Full textFournier, Martine. "Coopération interentreprises dans le domaine de la conception et de la diffusion de technologies nouvelles : une approche évolutionniste : application dans l'industrie des télécommunications." Nancy 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN22001.
Full textVialle, Pierre. "Dynamique technologique et managériale dans le secteur des télécommunications." Paris 9, 2010. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2010PA090017.
Full textThe interaction between technological, economic, strategic and organisational and regulatory innovation has induced a high level of dynamism in the Telecommunications industry. Its evolution can be characterised by two phases: a phase of modernisation with the emergence of a model of competitive operator, followed by a phase of convergence and increased globalisation. In this context, we analyse the technological and managerial dynamics in the Telecommunications industry around two dimensions. The first is the deploying and re-configuration of relational assets enhancing competitiveness and innovation. Such relational assets allow establishing and moving positions in a context of increasing competition and convergence. The second deals with the process of internationalisation of the industry, with the internationalisation of operators, the globalisation of technologies and standards, and the technological catching-up in emerging economies
Creti-Bettoni, Anna. "Réseaux, innovations et croissance." Toulouse 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU10040.
Full textThis thesis analyses the impact of telecommunications on firms' productivity and organisation. The study is articulated around two research topics: one is mainly interested in micro-economic aspects (the theory of production and firms' organisation), while the second analyses a subject closer to macro-economic modelling (the technological progress). The thesis is composed by three principal papers: the first defines the starting point of my theoretical reflection, i. E. The modelling of the externalities of networks in the function of production; the second article analyses the relation between use of technologies of communication and firms' hierarchical organisation; finally, the third article studies the impact of telecommunications on total factor productivity and technical progress. These three papers are introduced by a review of the literature, describing the existing models on the principal topics we analyse. This review of the literature is organised in two parts. The first part focuses mainly on the competition models on firms offering goods likely to present the network externality effect; i. E. The additional value that a new subscriber brings to the community of the already existing subscribers. The second part analyses the literature on technological progress, and the most recent models on telecommunications infrastructure and growth. Two econometric works, one on telecommunications demand by firms, and the other on telecommunications and French national growth, are also presented as an illustration of the problems analysed, respectively, by the first and the second part of the thesis. Our thesis shows that the impact of telecommunications on the economy can be better analysed and measured at the micro-economic level than at the macro-economic level. The analysis of this missing link; is an interesting subject for further research
Uribe, Maza Jorge. "La régulation économique des nouvelles technologies de télécommunications." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2007. https://spire.sciencespo.fr/notice/2441/5043.
Full textOur research expands the theoretical framework for regulatory policy analysis of recent reforms in network industries with high technological dynamics, the telecommunications sector in particular. The specific nature of this sector's infrastructure and demand implies prevalence of market failures such as price collusion and underinvestment. Technology adoption, asymmetric information, market access control and regional coordination on regulation are some of the main topics discussed in this dissertation. Economic regulation by market mechanisms appears as the appropriate way of handling natural oligopolies, scale and scope economies, high entry costs and network externalities. In the first part of this work we have examined the theoretical arguments on which regulatory authorities base their functioning. In the second part we propose some mathematical models representing firm's behaviour and organization in a network economy context. Choices on price and investment are thus explained as strategic reactions to market and regulatory incentives. Some empirical tests have been done to get a better understanding of links between telecoms investment and economic development in different parts of the world. Finally, we have also performed studies on regional cooperation on regulation and on the potential effects of new technologies on society as a whole
Samuelides-Milesi, Esther. "Les stratégies d'adoption technologique en présence d'innovations : éléments d'analyse économique et application aux opérateurs de télécommunications mobiles." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010035.
Full textDattée, Brice. "The Dynamics of technology substitutions and successful innovations." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ECAP1076.
Full textTechnological substitution is the process by which disruptive technologies replace the dominant ones in an industry. Such paradigmatic shifts have a great effect on the strategic planning of a firm’s technology portfolio. The time-path of the fractional rate of substitution is most often perceived as a smooth S-shape pattern. However, substitution is not a passive unified phenomenon. I review nine empirical examples of more complex substitution patterns which I identified and that are not properly replicated by current models of technological change. Hence, the overarching aim of this research is to understand the broad underlying dynamics of technological substitutions. The formulation of classical models of substitution imposes simplification constraints to reach analytical solvability. I use the system dynamics simulation methodology to build upon existing models by integrating many dynamic aspects derived from a broad theoretical framework and to explore the links between social dynamics, technological developments and substitution patterns. A very interesting pattern of “double shift” was found whereby the substitution of technology n+1 for technology n is suddenly interrupted by the emergence of a third technology n+2. Understanding the underlying dynamics of a double shift could allow a firm to follow a bold strategy of technological leapfrogging
Tavares, Ferreira Marta. "L'adoption industrielle de résultats de la recherche publique : les enseignements de dix études de cas dans les télécommunications françaises : contribution à l'étude de la dynamique des technologies." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ECAP0224.
Full textLe, Loarne-Lemaire Séverine. "Les variables structurelles dans la formation des stratégies de convergence dans les télécommunication : une recherche action chez France Telecom." Lyon 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO33032.
Full textAt the beginning of this millennium, the technical convergence is about to born. Nevertheless, how this opportunity can be transformed into innovative services by a multidivisional group, competing within the telecommunication industry. More precisely, how can we develop strategies of innovation, whose implementation requires the cooperation between the divisions of the group? This research, conducted within France Telecom, leads to two main results: Cooperation between divisions to generate new offers is multiform: It involves different kinds of divisions (product divisions, R&D division and distribution divisions), different resources. It raises different assets and is limited by different brakes. The multidivisional structure of the group limits the implementation of some strategies of innovation. This limit can be broken thanks to the coordination between the top management, middle managers from the R&D division and the distribution divisions and staff members from the distribution divisions. The role of these three different actors differs from the nature of the strategy of innovation: autonomous or deliberate. This thesis concludes that the development of strategies of innovation within multidivisional groups, whose structure is similar to France Telecom's one, can be achieved if the relation between R&D and distribution divisions and products divisions changes
Laborde, Aurélie. "Les discours accompagnant les nouvelles techniques de télécommunication : du télégraphe optique à l'internet : pour une meilleure compréhension des discours de presse contemporains sur l'internet." Bordeaux 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR30042.
Full textRésumé : The principal objective of this dissertation is the analysis of the first accounts about the internet, through the developpment of their originality or innefectivity in relation to those from the 19th century about long distance communication techniques. The historical approach ables us to differentia e how todays techniques are perceived giving us the outlook necessary in all research
Houngbonon, Georges Vivien. "Essais sur la concurrence et l'investissement dans l'industrie des télécommunications." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0168.
Full textGovernments around the world, and the European Union in particular, have endeavored to raise the intensity of competition in the wireless market, an industry characterized by significant rate of technological progress and complex tariffs. This thesis purports to assess how this rise in competition has affected investment in the wireless network, the price of wireless services, and whether standard measures of market power are still valid in such an innovative industry. Using rich datasets on the characteristics of the wireless operators around the world, their financial performance indicators and pricing strategies, it provides a set of evidence which lend support to the relative significance of dynamic efficiencies compared to static efficiencies. In particular, it shows that : 1) as the intensity of competition, measured by 1-Lerner, is above 62%, more competition may decrease social welfare as it lowers investment. Therefore, there is a tradeoff between static and dynamic efficiencies when the profit of the average firm represents less than 38% of its revenue. 2) the entry of an additional mobile operator may decrease the price of the services based on a mature technology at the expense of raising the price of those services whose production relies on a new technology. The reverse holds in case of a merger, suggesting that dynamic efficiencies gains outweigh the static ones in the wireless industry. 3) the price-cost margin may under or overestimate firms' market power in innovative markets, such as the wireless industry due to the uncertain outcome of investment. The empirical evidence suggests that the magnitude of this bias increases, but not significantly, with investment
Traoré, Alassane Lamine. "Innovations technologiques - stratégies - institutions et création de valeur : les déterminants de la mutation des structures de marché et de la dynamique concurrentielle en questions dans les télécommunications - le cas du Mali." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA111019.
Full textLoukou, Alain François. "Télécommunications et développement en Côte d'Ivoire à l'ère de la société de l'information et de la mondialisation." Montpellier 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON30016.
Full textObservation of development policies applied in North and South shows that the processes of regional planning, local development and integration are nowadays the favorite strategies involved in development. Yet, it clearly appears that, due to the increasing importance of information in a wide range of activities, telecommunications are valuable tools that can help build development dynamics. Indeed, information, which circulates by means of telecommunications, has come to be with no doubt a strategic resource. Moreover, telecommunications raise in original terms the issue of connection between local and national economics and world economy. Knowing these facts, the study here presented aimed to show, using theoretical consideration and several practical case studies, how modern telecommunications do contribute or could better contribute to development dynamics in a poor country environment like Côte d'Ivoire
Phan, Denis. "Régimes et changements structurels : essais d'économie historique." Orléans, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ORLE0511.
Full textSchafer, Valérie. "Des réseaux et des hommes : les réseaux à communications de paquets : un enjeu pour le monde des télécommunications et de l'informatique françaises (des années 1960 au début des années 1980)." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040161.
Full textThe birth and development of packet switching networks took shape in France in the 1970s through two competing research projects, involving two different communities : the first carried out at the Cnet (Centre national d’étude des télécommunications) by the RCP and thereafter by the Transpac network, the second at the Iria (Institut de recherche en informatique et automatique), by the Cyclades network. Both communities involved in those projects (respectively the PTT community and that of computer engineers) gradually discovered what they shared and what opposed them in the technical and cultural fields. A lot can be learned about innovation, standardization, engineering “culture”, and knowledge transfer on a national as well as on a international level through a study of their development and rivalries on different scales (France, Europe, worldwide)
Belkhous, Islem. "L'impact du progrès technique sur l'évolution du concept de service public." Montpellier 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON10014.
Full textThis thesis is interested in the impact which arouse the technological evolutions with regard to the punctual remodelling of the industrial organization within the branches of network activities. The technological progress, present differently in the industries of telecommunications and the energy (services of public utility), have allowed the emergence of these economic areas of obvious interest for the community, as monopolized industries, which were under strong state involvement. It contributes to alter the traditional organizational configurations and regulatory modalities existent in Europe before the implementation of liberalization reforms. The innovation process creates new technologies, new products, and thereby new collective needs; it contributes consequently to revive the conception of the public utility and imposes the updating of its contents. The « capacity of innovation» becomes in the current context of « transréglementation » the key and the condition of the continuity of public utilities. It influences the paths of their evolutions. Articulated around four chapters, this work deals with theoretical and practical aspects, and has for ambition to show the role and the place of the technological progress in the « reality » of three services of general interest, telecoms, electricity and natural gas cases
Mabchour, Rachid. "Usages et appropriation des technologies de l’information et de la communication au Maroc : le cas du téléphone portable." Paris 8, 2011. http://octaviana.fr/document/168347326#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textEither « developed », « emerging » or « developing », every society is under the IT influence. Among all these technologies is the mobile phone, which through its strong growth, is a challenge both for sociability studies and IT technologies uses studies. This thesis, whose central theme is devoted to NTIC in Morocco and in particular on the mobile phone, aims for exploring, through three parts divided in chapters, the direct or indirect connection existing between the use of the mobile phone and other phenomenons. This study is intended to give parts of answers to the reasons of the strong interest the Moroccan population takes in owning this media and analyse its distribution process as a technological innovation in this society. The most significant part of our study is the surveys carried out in Morocco and France. This field research makes the link between two areas in Morocco and two others in France regarding the MRE1. So, through this contribution, we detect, after the analysis of the surveys, that the use of the Mobile phone does not only result from technologies but definitely issues from multidisciplinary behaviours. It does not only rely on age, sex or social and occupational criteria but calls for the notion of «homo situs», notion which sends back to the black box, made of the the culture, language, religion and tradition of the user
Filoche, Catherine. "Dynamique des organisations et coûts de transaction : une analyse de la relation opérateurs locaux / équipementiers des télécommunications aux États-Unis : le tournant des années 1980." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010009.
Full textGuern, François. "Les figures de l'utilisateur aux Bell Labs : analyse de la construction des représentations dans la R&D industrielle." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0052/document.
Full textIn this thesis we examine the genealogy of the concept of user and its contemporary dramaturgy in industrial research. For forty years, the literature in sciences and technology studies, in design and in strategy have been revealing the importance of users in the innovation process. This thesis is the result of a doctoral research that aims at exploring further this issue by studying the institutional, economical and socio-technical reasons that settle the user as an artefact in the research laboratory of Bell Labs. Our theorical frameword combine both semiotic (Charles S. Peirce) and symbolic (Lucien Sfez) aproaches, and the theory of actor-network (Bruno Latour). We focus on the terms of the representational system of the user and its symbolic implications in Bell Laboratories : the diffusion of the concept in the scientific journal of Bell Labs through a statistical analysis, the different types of user-model in Bell Labs history through a speech analysis, and the process of user integration through the socio-technical analysis of an innovation project. For this research, we developed a methodology designed at tracking and analyzing the birth and propagation of concepts in innovation. Finally we defend that Bell Labs, through its user-models, have established an equivalence between human and machine that make the user a symbolic picture half human, half-machine
Drissi, Mohamed Khalil. "Composants céramiques 3D innovants pour des applications spatiales de télécommunications millimétriques en bandes Q et V." Thesis, Limoges, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIMO0124/document.
Full textThis thesis focus on the development of innovative filtering technologies that enhance the performance to meet the filtering requirements for spacial communications. It is part of the ANR project ATOMIQ coordinated by Thales Alenia Space with partners (SPCTS 3D CERAM). The first chapter consists of a literature review on the Q and V band filters as well as 3D manufacturing technologies. The second chapter is devoted to the development of a new formulation of highly pure, low losses and temperature stable alumina. The third chapter presents a microwave filter design in Q and V band based on a dielectric resonant cavity. The fourth chapter is about the manufacturing of filters and presentation of various demonstrators manufactured by stereolithography and low pressure molding. It also provides a post-production correction solutions based on laser shoots. This work is original because, to the best of our knowledge, 3D ceramic stereolithography and the low pressure molding have not been used to produce small sizes Q and V band microwave filters
Kharrat, Sana. "L’innovation organisationnelle et technologique comme enjeux de la performance et de la pérennité des entreprises dans le secteur des télécoms : Le cas des opérateurs de télécommunications mobiles en Tunisie." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV119.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to identify the existence of potential links between innovation and business performance on the one hand, and innovation and sustainability of the company on the other. The use of organizational innovations and / or technology is now considered critical to the performance and the sustainability of the business. This research work studies the importance of innovation as a key element to success and business survival, while involving the three variables throughout our empirical research. The latter is performed through three case studies in the mobile telecommunications sector. Performing a qualitative analysis of the collected data and based on the theories, we found that innovation seems to have higher contribution to the sustainability than to the performance of the studied firms. This lag is mainly due to contextual elements as well as to the approach towards the potential contribution of innovation
Signorello, Salvatore. "A multifold approach to address the security issues of stateful forwarding mechanisms in Information-Centric Networks." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0109/document.
Full textThis work illustrates how today's Internet dominant usage trends motivate research on more content-oriented future network architectures. Among the emerging future Internet proposals, the promising Information-Centric Networking (ICN) research paradigm is presented. ICN aims to redesign Internet's core protocols to promote a shift in focus from hosts to contents. Among the ICN architectures, the Named-Data Networking (NDN) envisions users' named content requests to be forwarded by their names in routers along the path from one consumer to 1-or-many sources. NDN's requests leave trails in traversed routers which are then followed backwards by the requested contents. The Pending Interest Table (PIT) is the NDN's data-plane component which temporarily records forwarded content requests in routers. On one hand, this work explains that the PIT stateful mechanism enables properties like requests aggregation, multicast responses delivery and native hop-by-hop control flow. On the other hand, this work illustrates how the PIT stateful forwarding behavior can be easily abused by malicious users to mount disruptive distributed denial of service attacks (DDoS), named Interest Flooding Attacks (IFAs). In IFAs, loosely coordinated botnets can flood the network with a large amount of hard to satisfy requests with the aim to overload both the network infrastructure and the content producers. This work proves that although countermeasures against IFAs have been proposed, a fair understanding of their real efficacy is missing since those have been tested under simplistic assumptions about the evaluation scenarios. Overall, the work presented in this manuscript shapes a better understanding of both the implications of IFAs and the possibilities of improving the state-of-the-art defense mechanisms against these attacks. The main contributions of this work revolves around a security analysis of the NDN's forwarding plane. In particular, this work defines a more robust attacker model for IFAs by identifying flaws in the state-of-the-art IFA countermeasures. This work introduces a new set of IFAs built upon the proposed attacker model. The novel IFAs are used to re-assess the most effective existing IFA countermeasures. Results of this evaluation disproves the universal efficacy of the state-of-the-art IFA defense mechanisms and so, call for different countermeasures to protect the NDN against this threat. To overcome the revealed issue, this work also defines proactive IFA countermeasures, which are novel defense mechanisms against IFAs inspired by the issues with the state-of-the-art ones. This work introduces Charon, a novel proactive IFA countermeasure, and tests it against the novel IFA attacks. This work shows Charon counteracts latest stealthy IFAs better than the state-of-the-art reactive countermeasures. Finally, this work illustrates the NDN.p4 design, that is, the first implementation of an ICN protocol written in the high-level language for packet processors P4. The NDN.p4 work is the first attempt in the related literature to leverage novel programmable-networks technologies to test and evaluate different NDN forwarding plane designs. This last contribution also classifies existing alternative forwarding mechanisms with respect to a set of PIT cardinal properties. The work outlines that it is worth to explore alternative forwarding mechanisms aiming to design an NDN forwarding plane less vulnerable to the IFA threat
Dasgupta, Abhijeet. "High efficiency S-Band vector power modulator design using GaN technology." Thesis, Limoges, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIMO0021/document.
Full textThe evolution of telecommunications systems, linked to a constantly increasing demand in terms of data rate and volume, leads to the development of systems offering very wide bandwidths, modulations with very high spectral efficiencies, increased power and frequency flexibilities in transmitters. Moreover, the implementation of such systems must be done with a permanent concern for energy saving, hence the recurring goal of the RF power amplification which is to combine the best efficiency, linearity and bandwidth. Conventional architectures of RF emitter front-ends consist in a first step in performing the frequency modulation-conversion operation (IQ Modulator) and then in a second step the DC-RF energy conversion operation (Power Amplifier), these two steps being usually managed independently. The aim of this thesis is to propose an alternative approach that consists in combining these two operations in only one function: a high efficiency vector power modulator. The core of the proposed system is based on a two-stage GaN HEMT circuit to obtain a variable power gain operating at saturation. It is associated with a specific multi-level bias modulator also design using GaN technology. The fabricated device generates, at a frequency of 2.5 GHz, a 16QAM modulation (100Msymb/s) with 13W average power, 25W peak power, with an overall efficiency of 40% and 5% EVM