Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Télécommunications optique en espace libre'
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Bierent, Rudolph. "Optique adaptative appliquée aux télécommunications laser en espace libre." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4356/document.
Full textFree Space Optical communications (FSO) are range limited due to atmospheric turbulence. Adaptive optics can mitigate turbulence effects by adding a phase modulation on the emitted laser beam. However, both phase and amplitude modulation are needed to perform long range FSO. Previous numerical studies have shown that iterative phase conjugation is an efficient modulation technique for lasercom systems.This PhD thesis is dedicated to the development and the realization of the first experimental demonstration of the iterative phase conjugation principle in a controlled turbulence environment. An optical bench, representative of a long range propagation through strong turbulence, has been scaled down to few-meters propagation in visible.Several methods for complex field measurement and modulation are numerically studied. Selected methods are implemented and tested, such as a novel focal plane technique for complex field measurement. Finally, iterative phase conjugation is performed and results cross-correlated with an end-to-end model representative of the optical bench.This work is the first experimental demonstration of the optical phase conjugation principle. Applications can be found in other fields than lasercoms, such as high power lasers or propagation through highly diffusing biological tissues, both in need of laser emission modulation
Schwartz, Noah. "Précompensation des effets de la turbulence par optique adaptative : application aux liaisons optiques en espace libre." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00771276.
Full textRafalimanana, Alohotsy. "Prédiction de la turbulence atmosphérique pour l'optimisation des liens optiques en télémétrie par laser et en télécommunications en espace libre." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COAZ4020.
Full textAccurate prediction of atmospheric and turbulence conditions are of interest for astronomical community and free space optical communications. The a priori knowledge of atmospheric conditions several hours before the observations allows to optimize the programmation of astronomical observations called "flexible scheduling". In the field of free space optical telecommunications, it can help to identify the optical ground station least impacted by turbulence and to identify when the optical quality of the atmosphere is favorable for transmission/reception. In this thesis, a numerical approach based on the Weather and Research Forecasting (WRF) model coupled with different optical turbulence models has been used. Optimization of the prediction by a "site learning" method has been performed, considering the importance of using local measurements to improve the turbulence model and better take into account the local specificities of a given site. This method has been tested at the Calern Observatory site, France. The results showed that the "site learning" brings an improvement of the prediction. Sensitivity studies to different model options were developed to define a standard methodology to obtain an optimal WRF configuration. This technique has been applied to the Cerro Pachón Observatory site, in Chile. Still in this quest to take into account the specificities of a site, we have developed a new experiment consisting of an instrumented drone to improve the prediction in the planetary boundary layer. Results of a measurement campaign carried out at the Calern Observatory are presented
Foucal, Vincent. "Conception d'interconnexions optiques haut débit courte distance en espace libre : prototypage de modules de communication pour applications embarquées." Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA6157.
Full textToday free space optical interconnects (FSOI) provide an alternative to the electronic interconnection limits. Data are transmitted without any physical support through the air. This kind of interconnect is limited to very short range communication (between a few millimetres to a few centimetres). This thesis presents my conception of a point-to-point free space optical interconnect at high bit data rate. Optical simulations have optimized the link in order to get the positioning tolerance of the optoelectronic modules required for a board- to-board communication within a rack. A working demonstrator has been set up to conclude this part. Moreover, this thesis present an original multiplexing technique, the optical CDMA, to achieve a reconfigurable and multi-user optical communication network with a low latency time. For this technique all the transmitters use the same wavelength and share the same medium of communication (free space or optical fiber). The optical CDMA is a method to implement the electronic CDMA into an optical network. The optical CDMA principle is shown experimentally and an estimation of multiplexing capacity is proposed at the end
Nourrit, Vincent. "Étude des fonctions de routage spatial et fréquentiel en espace libre : application à la conception de fonctions optiques pour les télécommunications." Brest, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BRES2011.
Full textWe study wavelength Mux/Demux systems in free space analytically. In order to optimize the coupling we first provide analytical expressions to describe the Fresnel diffraction of a truncated Gaussian beam. We then consider the coupling of this beam in a fiber equipped with a micro-optical element such as the Gradissimo fibre. To do this, we first present an analytical model of the propagation of a Gaussian beam through this micro-optic (taking into account the beam truncation) and discuss its validity in comparison with previous works. We then recall how to obtain conventional coupling expressions for beams with a tilt or a spatial shift and we propose a way to extend the analytical model to higher order aberrations. Finally, we study the interest of the Gradissimo fibre for free space Mux/Demux systems. After having studied the input/output of these systems, we describe the propagation of a Gaussian beam in a demultiplexing 4f system, considering the presence of elements with given transmittances in the planes of the Fourier lenses and/or in the first Fourier plane. This propagation model enables us to assess the interest of such configurations with regard to a more conventional configuration (such as the Stimax) and more particularly to assess the impact of the addition of an adaptive optical element in the Fourier plane. We finally propose another less conventional lenseless configuration, allowing wavelength demultiplexing and space routing simultaneously. To do this, we analytically model the self-imaging phenomenon of Gaussian beams, taking into account the size of the aperture and the beam truncation. The analysis of the role of each parameter in the quality of the self-images allows us to derive the necessary conditions for good polychromatic self-imaging, compatible with the requirements of the WDM telecommunications environment
Rouvié, Anne. "Photodiodes à avalanche GaInAs/Al(Ga)InAs pour la détection à 1,55µm : applications aux télécommunications optiques et à la détection en espace libre." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10011.
Full textThis thesis presents the study of SAGM avalanche photodiodes, with a thin Al(Ga)InAs avalanche layer and a GaInAs absorption layer, grown on InP substrate. These APDs target two applications : optical telecommunications for 10Gb/s metro/access networks and free space detection for LIDAR profilometry. First, the ionization coefficients measurements on several Aluminium compound materials lead us to choose AlInAs as avalanche material because of its high ionization coefficients ratio. Then dark current measurements and simulations allow us on one hand, to find its origin and to reduce its level, and on the other hand, to make out a photodiode model (dark current, multiplication factor and bandwidth) which was validated through the study of various APD vertical structures and diode geometries. Finally, the APDs characterization simultaneously demonstrates a low multiplied dark current Id,M = 2nA, a high responsivity R0(M = 1) = 0,9A.W-1 at 1,55µm, a low excess noise factor f(M = 10) = 3,5 and a high gain×bandwidth product G × B = 150GHz, which put our components at the best state of the art level. System measurements such as bit error rate or sensitivity carried out on photoreceivers using our diodes validate the improvement brought by these APDs compared to competitors. Moreover, the early free space sensitivity measurements confirm the interest showed to this kind of photodiodes
Camboulives, Adrien-Richard. "Compensation des effets de la turbulence atmosphérique sur un lien optique montant sol-satellite géostationnaire : impact sur l'architecture du terminal sol." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS564/document.
Full textAn optical link based on a multiplex of wavelengths at 1.55µm is foreseen to be a valuable alternative to the conventional radio-frequencies for the feeder link of the next-generation of high throughput geostationary satellite. Considering the limited power of lasers envisioned for feeder links, the beam divergence has to be dramatically reduced. Consequently, the beam pointing becomes a key issue. During its propagation between the ground station and a geostationary satellite, the optical beam is deflected and possibly distorted by atmospheric turbulence. It induces strong fluctuations of the detected telecom signal, thus reducing the capacity. A steering mirror using a measurement from a beam coming from the satellite is used to pre-compensate the deflection. Because of the point-ahead angle between the downlink and the uplink, the turbulence effects experienced by both beams are slightly different, inducing an error in the correction. The performance criteria is the minimum detectable irradiance 95% of the time. A fast model, named WPLOT, taking into account pointing errors and their temporal evolution, is proposed to evaluate the minimum irradiance as a function of the ground station parameters and quality of the correction. The model’s results are compared to those obtained with a more physical but requiring more computation power: TURANDOT. A sensitivity study has been realized and led to a sizing of a ground station. The model also enables the generation of time series in order to optimize the forward error correction codes in order to be compliant with the targeted capacity (1Terabit/s by 2025)
Canuet, Lucien. "Fiabilisation des transmissions optiques satellite-sol." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ESAE0005/document.
Full textOptical wavelengths are an alternative to radio-frequency links for future satellite-to-groundtransmissions. They are envisioned in the framework of payload/telemetry data transfer (opticaldownlinks from LEO satellites) or communication (bi-directional optical links with GEOsatellites). However, as it propagates through the atmosphere, the optical wave can be deeplyaffected by atmospheric turbulence which induces randomspatial and temporal variations ofits amplitude and phase. Variations in amplitude translate into fluctuations of the collectedpower (scintillation). The phase distortions affect the spatial distribution of the power at thefocal plane of the telescope causing deleterious losses when the incident flux needs to becoupled to an optoelectronic detector or to a single-mode optical fiber. Such losses result indynamical attenuations of the received signal -called fading- and hence potentially to the lossof information. The most recent feasibility studies highlight the use of two types of fadingmitigation techniques: adaptive optics systems and digital techniques (coding and interleaving).To limit the complexity and cost of such systems, the optimization of these mitigationtechniques should be conducted jointly. The main objective of this thesis is therefore theinvestigation of the complementarity of physical (adaptive optics) and digital data reliabilitymechanisms (interleaving, correcting and erasure codes in a cross-layer approach)
Sauvage, Chloé. "Impact de l'environnement atmosphérique sur les liaisons optiques sans fil pour la ville du futur." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAT027.
Full textThe free space optical (FSO) communication will be set to expand. Especially because they have easier, faster and cheaper deployment than optical fiber network. However, they present weakness in front of low visibility and beyond a range of few kilometers, thus slow down their use.The refined knowledge of the urban atmospheric channel is required in order to bring reliability solution to this technology, in particular with the choice of an appropriate wavelength.The first part of this thesis introduces the experimental FSO operation and describes the different atmospheric phenomena, such as attenuation and turbulence, which affect the laser beam propagation on few kilometers in free space.The second part presents two studies, for the first, I modeled FSO links in order to determine its availability as a function of different wavelength and atmospheric conditions. In the second study, I determined, with real measurements, the temporal evolution of an atmospheric turbulent channel. The third part validates the method Cn² reconstruction, distributed along the turbulent channel. The last part concerns the preparatory study of an experimental FSO link at λ = 4 µm which will relate the telecom performance and the channel state, in term of turbulence, characterized by the refractive index structure constant Cn². All this work constitutes a first step in the FSO links implementation under all weather conditions
Ogudo, Kingsley. "Development of edge-emitting Si/SiGe based optical sources operating in the visible and near visible range wavelength for sensing and communication applications." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1060/document.
Full textWe propose a low cost full-silicon optical links utilizing 650 – 850 nm propagation wavelengths. The creation of large-scale opto-electronic integrated circuits and optical data “highways” inCMOS integrated circuitry, utilizing Si CMOS compounds, have been envisioned and hold much promise [1] - [3] The latest attempts for realizing optoelectronic systems in CMOS technology have until now mainly been focused on utilizing wavelengths at 1550 nm [4] - [6], mainly because of the ease of design and fabrication of waveguides in this wavelength regime. However, no effective high-speed optical sources and Si detectors are available at this 1550nmwavelength. Today solutions to overcome the problem are mostly focused on the integration of group III-V elements based optical sources on Silicon through molecular bonding [7a] – [7b]. If optical sources, detectors, waveguides, and sensors could be realized on the same Si CMOS chip at, say, 750 nm wavelength, various low power consuming, light and miniature on-chip-based micro-photonic systems can be designed and realized. While Silicon optical sources may not yet be at the required performance level for very-high speed communications, the low cost “all silicon”opto-electronic systems still remain a great grail. These sources could lead as well to new field that could be appropriately named “Si photonic microsystems” opening the route to new sensing applications and products especially for the medical, biomedical optics, optical interconnect and bio-photonics field. These systems also do not require ultrahigh frequency bandwidths to transmit, and the emission powers of our avalanche Si light-emitting diodes(LEDs) may be sufficient to sustain the operation of such systems. This PhD thus deals with low cost SiGe/Si optical links using Microwave-Photonics devices such as, Bipolar integrated SiAvLED, Silicon Nitride and Silicon Oxide optical waveguides, SiGeHPTs, Si and SiGe/Si LEDs. It focuses on the combined integration of micron-scale optical sources, optical waveguides and detectors on the same chip to form a complete communication link for various applications involving short wavelength links (750nm to 950nm). The progress provided by this PhD to previous works could be synthesized as below:• Optical source, waveguide and the detector were all integrated and aligned on the same chip, in an industrial based technology, to form complete on-chip micro-optical links at750nm wavelength, with a SiGe radio frequency (RF) 0.35µm bipolar process.• A series of second generation of on-chip optical communication links of 50µm length, utilizing 650 – 850 nm propagation wavelengths, have been designed and realized inSiGe. Micron dimensioned optical sources, waveguides and detectors were all integrated ion the same chip to form a complete communication on-chip micro-optical links. Avalanche based Si LEDs (Si Av LEDs), Schottky contacting, TEOS densification strategies, Silicon-Nitride based waveguides, and state of the art SiGe bipolar detector technologies were used as key design strategies.• R-soft simulation software (Beam Prop) was used as a mathematical capable simulation tool to model various Silicon-Nitride optical waveguide structures, before the designing, the fabrication, characterization and testing of the device. Various device structures were modeled, simulation iterations were performed on several optical waveguide designed structures before the device design, and the devices were tested experimentally.• Best performances of the designed on-chip optical links show a conversion loss as low as30dB from source to detector with up to 500MHz in cut off frequency. The good alignment and the good efficiency of each device are then clearly achieved. Higher frequency performances are also envisaged from preliminary measurements
Li, Longguang. "On the capacity of free-space optical intensity channels." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLT028/document.
Full textFree-space optical intensity (FSOI) communication systems are widely used in short-range communication such as the infrared communication between electronic handheld devices. The transmitter in these systems modulates on the intensity of optical signals emitted by light emitting diodes (LEDs) or laser diodes (LDs), and the receiver measures incoming optical intensities by means of photodetectors. Inputs are nonnegative because they represent intensities. Moreover, they are typically subject to both peak- and average-power constraints, where the peak-power constraint is mainly due to technical limitations of the used components, whereas the average-power constraint is imposed by battery limitations and safety considerations. As a first approximation, the noise in such systems can be assumed to be Gaussian and independent of the transmitted signal. This thesis focuses on the fundamental limits of FSOI communication systems, more precisely on their capacity. The major aim of our work is to study the capacity of a general multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) FSOI channel under a per-input-antenna peak-power constraint and a total average-power constraint over all input antennas. We present several capacity results on the scenario when there are more transmit than receive antennas, i.e., nT > nR > 1. In this scenario, different input vectors can yield identical distributions at the output, when they result in the same image vector under multiplication by the channel matrix. We first determine the minimum-energy input vectors that attain each of these image vectors. It sets at each instant in time a subset of nT − nR antennas to zero or to full power, and uses only the remaining nR antennas for signaling. Based on this, we derive an equivalent capacity expression in terms of the image vector, which helps to decompose the original channel into a set of almost parallel channels. Each of the parallel channels is an amplitude-constrained nR⇥nR MIMO channel, with a linear power constraint, for which bounds on the capacity are known. With this decomposition, we establish new upper bounds by using a duality-based upper-bounding technique, and lower bounds by using the Entropy Power Inequality (EPI). The derived upper and lower bounds match when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) tends to infinity, establishing the high-SNR asymptotic capacity. At low SNR, it is known that the capacity slope is determined by the maximum trace of of the covariance matrix of the image vector. We found a characterization to this maximum trace that is computationally easier to evaluate than previous forms
Moignard, Renaud. "Les composants à cristal liquide ferroélectrique sur circuit intégré : application à la commutation optique en espace libre." Brest, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BRES2010.
Full textAbaza, Mohamed. "Cooperative MIMO techniques for outdoor optical wireless communication systems." Thesis, Brest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BRES0073/document.
Full textFree-space optical (FSO) communication has been the subject of ongoing research activities and commercial attention in the past few years. Such attention is driven by the promise of high data rate, license-free operation, and cheap and ecological friendly means of communications alternative to congested radio frequency communications. In most previous work considering multiple transmitters, uncorrelated channel conditions have been considered. An uncorrelated channel requires sufficient spacing between transmitters. However, this can be difficult and may not be always feasible in some applications. Thereby, this thesis studies repetition codes (RCs) and orthogonal space-time block codes performance in correlated log-normal FSO channels using intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD). Furthermore, the effect of different weather conditions on the average bit error rate (ABER) performance of the FSO links is studied. Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) FSO communication systems using space shift keying (SSK) modulation have been also analyzed. Obtained results show that SSK is a potential technique for spectral efficiencies equal or greater than 4 bits/s/Hz as compared to RCs with multiple pulse amplitude modulations. The performance analysis of a multi-hop decode and forward relays for FSO communication system using IM/DD is also considered in this thesis. It is shown that multi-hop is an efficient technique to mitigate atmospheric turbulence and different weather attenuation effects and geometric losses in FSO communication systems. Our simulation results show that multiple-input single-output (MISO) multi-hop FSO systems are superior to direct link and MISO systems over links exhibiting high attenuation. Meeting the growing demand for higher data rates communication networks, a system with full-duplex (FD) relays is considered. For such a system, the outage probability and the ABER performance are analyzed under different turbulence conditions, misalignment error and path loss effects. FD relays are compared with the direct link and half-duplex relays. Obtained results show that FD relays have the lowest ABER and the outage probability as compared to the two other systems. Finally, the obtained results in this thesis are very promising towards the next generation of FSO systems
Blary, Karine. "Matrices de commutation optique sur InP." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-341-342.pdf.
Full textSUDARYANTO. "Reseaux hybrides de communication optique, numeriques et analogiques, en fibre et en espace libre. Materiels, logiciels et interfacage pour la conception et l'exploitation." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR13187.
Full textMartel, Gilles. "Etude de l'effet photoréfractif dans la tellure de cadmium : application à l'interconnexion en espace libre par double miroir à conjugaison de phase." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUES076.
Full textScheer, Patrick. "Projet synoptique : étude et validation expérimentale de l'apport des interconnexions optiques dans le calculateur massivement parallèle symphonie." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ESAE0017.
Full textYang, Guowei. "Systèmes de communication optique aérienne utilisant la diversité spatiale: analyse de performances en considérant des évanouissements corrélés." Ecole centrale de Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECDM0005.
Full textHmamouche, Yassine. "Applications of stochastic geometry in the modeling and analysis of wireless networks." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IMTA0212.
Full textNext generation wireless networks, i.e., fifth generation (5G) and beyond (B5G), are expected to be highly heterogeneous, multilayered, with embedded intelligence at both thecore and edge of the network. In such a context, system-level performance evaluation will be very important to formulate relevant insights into tradeoffs that govern such a complex system and then prevent the need for onerous and timeconsuming computer simulations. Over the past decade, stochastic geometry has emerged as a powerful analytical tool to evaluate system-level performance of wireless networks and capture their tendency towards heterogeneity. This dissertation reviews first novel stochastic geometry models and techniques developed during the last decade in modeling and analysis of modern wireless networks. The discussions are refined enough to be accessible for non-specialist readers and help new, intermediate, or advanced readers familiarize quickly with this field of research. Next, we leverage stochastic geometry frameworks to investigate several aspects of 5G and B5G wireless networks and then illustrate its mathematical flexibility and ability to capture the analysis of the rather unconventional scenarios. Also, new perspectives that will breathe new life into the use of stochastic geometry during this crucial decade are discussed. In a nutshell, extensive discussions were held on broader topics such as free space (FSO) optical communications, visible light communications, unmanned aerial vehicle systems, fog radio access architecture (F-RAN) , artificial intelligence and machine learning, and molecular communications
Fracasso, Bruno. "Des interconnexions holographiques à l'aiguillage dynamique pour les réseaux de communications optiques." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Bretagne Sud, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00691577.
Full textOunnas, Badreddine. "Étude et optimisations de jets photoniques pour des applications non conventionnelles dans les domaines optique et hyperfréquences." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STET4009/document.
Full textThe work of this thesis is devoted to the study and optimization of a particular case of the scattering of electromagnetic waves. Particularly, it is about a phenomenon called the "photonic jet or electromagnetic jet (EM jet)". This is a narrow light beam concentrated in near-field with remarkable physical characteristics. In this work, a waveguide terminated by a tip with special form is used to generate the photonic jet. This thesis performs the electromagnetic modeling, the experimental characterization and the optimization of photonic jets for applications in optic and microwave field. A robust and fast method was developed to calculate the electromagnetic field generated by a dielectric object or by a waveguide terminated with a tip. It is based on the boundary integral equation method (BIEM) which uses the second Green identity. Experimental characterization of photonic jets was conducted in the microwave field around 30 GHz. The ability to generate a single and double EM jet using a tipped waveguide has been shown experimentally and theoretically by BEIM method. The single and double EM jets were used for the detection of metal objects with a size smaller than the wavelength and for imaging through opaque structures in near field. An optimization procedure based on the coupling between the BEIM and genetic algorithms has been developed to generate photonic jets with properties well defined. Optimizations of photonic jets generated by a dielectric object and by a tipped waveguide have been realized for laser micro-etching and RF imaging
Aziz, Fatima. "Approche géométrique couleur pour le traitement des images catadioptriques." Thesis, Limoges, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIMO0080/document.
Full textThis manuscript investigates omnidirectional catadioptric color images as Riemannian manifolds. This geometric representation offers insights into the resolution of problems related to the distortions introduced by the catadioptric system in the context of the color perception of autonomous systems. The report starts with an overview of the omnidirectional vision, the different used systems, and the geometric projection models. Then, we present the basic notions and tools of Riemannian geometry and its use in the image processing domain. This leads us to introduce some useful differential operators on Riemannian manifolds. We develop a method of constructing a hybrid metric tensor adapted to color catadioptric images. This tensor has the dual characteristic of depending on the geometric position of the image points and their photometric coordinates as well.In this work, we mostly deal with the exploitation of the previously constructed hybrid metric tensor in the catadioptric image processing. Indeed, it is recognized that the Gaussian function is at the core of several filters and operators for various applications, such as noise reduction, or the extraction of low-level characteristics from the Gaussian space- scale representation. We thus build a new Gaussian kernel dependent on the Riemannian metric tensor. It has the advantage of being applicable directly on the catadioptric image plane, also, variable in space and depending on the local image information. As a final part in this thesis, we discuss some possible robotic applications of the hybrid metric tensor. We propose to define the free space and distance transforms in the omni- image, then to extract geodesic medial axis. The latter is a relevant topological representation for autonomous navigation, that we use to define an optimal trajectory planning method
Coudert, David. "Algorithmique et optimisation de réseaux de communications optiques." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008087.
Full textDans un premier temps, nous étudions l'implantation en espace libre optique de réseaux de communications à l'aide de l'architecture OTIS (Optical Transpose Interconnection System), proposé dans [MMHE93]. Nous proposons une modélisation de ces réseaux par les graphes H(p,q,d) que nous cherchons ensuite à caractériser. Nous étudions en particulier les isomorphismes entre ces graphes et des graphes connus (de Bruijn, Kautz et autres graphes à alphabet). Nous développons une famille de graphes à alphabet contenant de nombreux graphes isomorphes au de Bruijn, que nous utilisons pour obtenir une implantation optimale, au sens de la minimisation du nombre de lentilles, du de Bruijn avec OTIS. Nous étudions aussi une famille de réseaux modélisés par des hypergraphes orientés, appelées stack-Kautz, pour laquelle nous donnons un algorithme de routage et des protocoles de contrôles.
Dans un deuxième temps, nous nous intéressons au problème de la sécurisation par protection dans les réseaux WDM, qui consiste à utiliser des ressources prédéterminées et dédiées pour assurer la continuité du trafic lors de la rupture d'un faisceau de fibres dans le réseau. Nous décrivons de nombreuses stratégies de protection de l'instance et du réseau. Nous étudions plus particulièrement la protection par sous-réseaux qui consiste au partage de ressources de protection par un ensemble de requêtes formant un sous-réseau particulier (circuit). Nous donnons une solution optimale au problème de la protection par sous-réseaux dans le cas où le réseau est un cycle et les requêtes représentent un échange total.