Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ted FLOWERS'
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Sullivan, June Eileen Marie 1957. "Seeding dates and field establishment of ten southwestern desert wildflower species." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276818.
Full textWang, Jiang. "Etude de l'effect thermoélectrique magnétique en solidification directionnelle d'alliages Al-Cu." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00965543.
Full textLangstaff, Will. "A strategy for planting a multicultural church in metropolitan north Texas." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2000. http://www.tren.com.
Full textHagman, Derek Kristian. "Reproductive dynamics of coral reef biota at the Flower Gardens /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3008347.
Full textFERREIRA, Luciana Domingues Bittencourt. "Características fitotécnicas e acúmulo de nutrientes em cultivares de crisântemo para vaso, em Goianira - GO." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/430.
Full textThe market of chrysanthemum has grown in recent years, mainly due to its versatility as a product, which gives color and shape varied, and affordable to many consumption patterns. But there is a need for adequacy of technical and scientific information on culture, especially depending on the opening of new producing areas in Brazil and the introduction on the market of new cultivars. The objective was evaluate the performance of three cultivars of chrysanthemum in pot grown in the Goianira - GO between the months of August and October 2007. Plant characteristics were evaluated, quality, and determined to the nutrient uptake rate of the cultivars. Worked with the cultivars White Diamond, Eugene Yellow and Durban in five phenological stages, 20, 34, 48, 62 and 76 days after the planting - DAP. Treatments were arranged in a 3x5 factorial in completely randomized design with five replications. The results found that the cultivar White Diamond presented the lowest dry matter accumulation in all plant organs analyzed. Eugene Yellow showed the highest dry matter accumulation of leaves and stems, and accumulated more in Durban and plant flowers. With respect to phenological stages, the dry matter accumulation in different organs has been growing throughout the production cycle, reaching accumulations of 6.02, 8.75 and 9.55 for g.plant-1 White Diamond, Eugene Yellow and Durban, respectively. The scale of marks for the classification standard of quality, the cultivars had values within the limits pre-established by standards. The accumulation of nutrients in various organs of the plants differed between cultivars. In cultivar White Diamond, the N, K and S are accumulated in larger quantities by inflorescences, P, Ca, Mg and Mn in leaves and Cu and Zn in the stems. The highest accumulation of nutrients in Eugene Yellow were N, K, Mg, Mn and Zn in leaves, P, Ca and Cu in stems and flowers in S. Cultivar in Durban, the largest accumulation of N, P, K, Mg and S were observed in the inflorescences, and Ca in the leaves. Demand for nutrients has been increasing throughout the production cycle with the maximum observed 76 DAP. The total accumulation of macronutrients for the cultivars showed the following order: K> N> Ca> P> Mg> S. And to cultivate White Diamond and Eugene Yellow was the sequence of micronutrientes Mn> Zn> Cu.
A comercialização de crisântemos tem crescido nos últimos anos, principalmente à sua versatilidade como produto, já que apresenta cor e formato diversificados, e ao preço acessível a vários padrões de consumo. Mas há necessidade de adequação de informações técnicas e científicas sobre a cultura, principalmente em função da abertura de novas regiões produtoras no Brasil e do lançamento constante de novas cultivares. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento de três cultivares de crisântemo em vaso cultivado no Centro-Oeste brasileiro, no município de Goianira GO, entre os meses de agosto e outubro de 2007, quanto às técnicas de cultivo e a fertilização empregada. Avaliaram-se características fitotécnicas, qualidade das plantas e acumulo de nutrientes das cultivares White Diamond, Eugene Yellow e Durban em cinco estádios fenológicos (20; 34; 48; 62 e 76 dias após o plantio). Os tratamentos foram arranjados em esquema fatorial 3x5, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco repetições. A cultivar White Diamond apresentou os menores acúmulos de matéria seca em todos os órgãos vegetais analisados. Eugene Yellow apresentou o maior acúmulo de matéria seca de folhas e hastes e, Durban acumulou mais nas inflorescências e na parte aérea total. Com relação aos estádios fenológicos, o acúmulo de matéria seca nos diferentes órgãos foi crescente durante todo o ciclo de produção, atingindo acúmulos de 6,02; 8,75 e 9,55 g.planta-1 para White Diamond, Eugene Yellow e Durban, respectivamente. Segundo a escala de notas para classificação do padrão de qualidade, as cultivares obtiveram valores dentro dos limites pré-estabelecidos pelas normas vigentes, White Diamond e Eugene Yellow obtiveram nota 4 e Durban nota 5, demonstrando que o manejo empregado na propriedade foi eficiente. A acumulação de nutrientes nos diferentes órgãos das plantas diferiram entre as cultivares. Na cultivar White Diamond, o N, K e S foram acumulados em maiores quantidades pelas inflorescências, P, Ca, Mg e Mn nas folhas e Cu e Zn nas hastes. Na Eugene Yellow foram de N, K, Mg, Mn e Zn nas folhas; P, Ca e Cu nas hastes e de S nas inflorescências. Na cultivar Durban, os maiores acúmulos de N, P, K, Mg e S foram observados na inflorescências, e Ca nas folhas. A demanda por nutrientes foi crescente durante todo o ciclo de produção com máximos observados aos 76 dias após o plantio. Os acúmulos totais dos macronutrientes na parte aérea para as cultivares apresentaram a seguinte sequência: K > N > Ca > P > Mg > S. As cultivare White Diamond e Eugene Yellow, apresentaram, ainda, a seguinte sequência para micronutrientes Mn > Zn > Cu
Hirao, Yasmin Vidal. "Morphological and ontogenetic studies with inflorescences and flowers of Lepidagathis Willd. (Acanthaceae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41132/tde-15012016-160446/.
Full textA filogenia de Acanthaceae, sobretudo baseada em dados moleculares, confirma a monofilia da família, no entanto, ainda não se conhece uma sinapomorfia morfológica que a caracterize. Apesar de estar bem representada em nossa flora, a identificação de suas espécies é dificultada por problemas taxonômicos e pela falta de estudos morfológicos. A família apresenta muitas inconstâncias morfológicas dentro dos gêneros, por exemplo no padrão de inflorescências. Lepidagathis Willd. serve como exemplo, apresentando três tipos de inflorescências e morfologias florais divergentes que tem dificultado sua sistemática. Assim, explorando a morfologia, anatomia, vascularização e desenvolvimento das inflorescências e flores, foi possível encontrar homologias entre as espécies estudadas a especular sobre sua evolução. Descobriu-se que os padrões das inflorescências são formas enriquecidas ou escassas da mesma arquitetura. Em algumas espécies, existem mais ou menos meristemas reprodutivos nas axilas das brácteas e, portanto, mais ou menos possibilidades de desenvolvimento de flores e inflorescências parciais. A filogenia disponível para o grupo sugere que há uma probabilidade igual de ganho ou perda dos meristemas reprodutivos nas inflorescências. O desenvolvimento dos verticilos florais nas espécies estudadas é igual, apesar das diferenças na morfologia externa. No entanto, a vascularização revelou aspectos importantes sobre a evolução floral no gênero, mostrando que a anatomia pode reter características ancestrais que relacionam as espécies. Portanto, a disposição e o volume de flores por inflorescência e o tamanho e arranjo das flores tem mais chances de estarem relacionadas com a síndrome de polinização de cada espécie. Os resultados corroboram a circunscrição atual de Lepidagathis e encorajam mais investigações com as espécies de Acanthaceae que possam levar a descobertas importantes sobre homologias e ajudar nos estudos filogenéticos com a família
Bonora, Flávia Sarti. "Prospecção de compostos químicos presentes nos óleos essenciais das folhas e flores de eucalipto." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11150/tde-13012016-111437/.
Full textThe planted eucalyptus forests have been very important to supply material for a variety of purposes, mostly from wood. The genus is also known to have an important range of potential species to source essential oils from the leaves. In Brazil, however, essential oil production has been restricted to a few species. Hence, it is important to conduct studies that may extend the number of new materials to obtain essential oil. In order to meet such demand, this study was proposed, which sought to assess new materials, including not only the leaves but also the flowers of trees of different species and clones of eucalyptus, for the production of essential oils. Essential oil extractions were performed by steam distillation, to determine their yield, and chromatographic analysis to identify their chemical components. The results indicated: a) the highest yields in essential oils of leaves were observed for E. staigeriana (1,599%) and C. citriodora (1,262%), and the lowest for C. ptychocarpa (0,021%); b) E. exserta (0,613%) and E. resinifera (0,587%) had potential for use of their essential oils, due to their high yields and the important presence of 1,8 cineole; c) the highest yields in essential oils of flowers were observed for GFMO 03 (0,518%) and the lowest for E. exserta (0,109%); d) the clone GFMO 03 showed flowers with highest yield in essential oil than the leaves, which may be related to genetic improvement done in order to favor their flowering characteristics; e) the substances in essential oils of leaves may assist the identification and differentiation of species; f) the essential oils of flowers had 6 substances that were not found in the leaves; g) many of the substances in essential oils of flowers are present in propolis, suggesting that they have connection with pollinators activities linked to beekeeping; h) the high concentration of substances of interest in essential oils of eucalyptus demonstrate its importance as suppliers of raw materials for industry; i) the species were grouped by the chemical composition in essential oils of their leaves, which resulted in 4 groups and 6 subgroups, which may be related to the area of natural occurrence of the studied species; j) GFMO 03 and GFMO 10 are, respectively, in the same group of E. grandis and E. tereticornis, species which compound the genetic material of the clones, indicating that the essential oil features are probably preserved even after hybridization.
Silva, José Wilson Pereira da. "Visitantes florais de clones precoces do eucalipto urograndis (Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla) e as características de néctar como indicativo de seu potencial apícola." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11146/tde-25052010-081831/.
Full textThe community of insect flower visitors of eucalyptus urograndis clones (Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla) was studied in an plantation located at Areão farm, in Piracicaba, São Paulo state, Brazil (22° 41 41 S e 47° 38 53 W ). Weekly collections were conducted using hand net during the bloom periods of 2007 and 2008 in order to characterize the potential for beekeeping by determining the associated apifauna and the nectar characteristics produced by the flowers.The anthophilous community in the two-year survey was represented by 29,492 individuals belonging to 6 orders, 21 families, 43 genera and 52 species. The apidofauna was represented by 24,882 individuals belonging to 11 genera and 10 species. The Africanized honey bee Apis mellifera. This species was the most effective visitor throughout the survey (80.96%) followed by the syrphid Ornidia obesa (5.29%) and the mantispid Zeugomantispa virescens (4.26%). The diversity (H\') and equitability (E) indices were different between the two surveys showing that species distribution was more uniform in the collecting of 2007 when compared to the 2008. Among the other dominant species, the bees Trigona spinipes (Irapuá bee), Tetragonisca angustula (jataí bee), and Nannotrigona testaceicornis (Iraí bee) were the main ones. The differences found between some clones were possibly influenced by the height of some plants.
Pereira, Daniel Santiago. "Estudo do Potencial de Produção de Néctar da Jitirana Branca (Merremia Aegyptia) em Área de Caatinga no Sertão Central em Quixeramobim-Ce." Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, 2008. http://bdtd.ufersa.edu.br:80/tede/handle/tede/321.
Full textNéctar; entomofauna; Merremia aegyptia
O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de investigar se os diferentes horários de coleta de néctar em áreas apícolas influenciam no volume, concentração de açúcar e açúcar total produzido por suas flores, no momento da antese, bem como verificar possíveis alterações nas características do néctar ao longo do tempo e discutir as conseqüências no potencial apícola das áreas de jitirana-branca (Merremia aegyptia). E ainda, a relação entre esta produção de atrativos florais e o comportamento dos polinizadores potenciais, dentre estes a Apis mellifera L. (abelha africanizada), e os requerimentos de polinização da jitirana branca. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma área de preservação de Caatinga, no Campus da FATEC Sertão Central, Quixeramobim-Ceará. Foi constatado que: A jitirana branca é uma cornucópia; sua densidade floral por m² foi em média 33,7 flores; apresentou ampla gama de visitantes florais (hymenopteros, coleópteros, hemípteros, dípteros, e pássaros); seu volume de néctar variou de acordo com o horário de coleta e não há reposição de néctar na flor após as 11:00 horas (A.M.); e a polinização mais eficiente corresponde a autopolinização.
Allard, Jérémie. "FlowVR : calculs interactifs et visualisation sur grappe." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00120650.
Full textUn nouveau modèle de couplage est présenté, conçu selon des critères de modularité, simplicité, efficacité et extensibilité. La construction des applications repose sur une séparation entre la programmation de modules parallèles réutilisables et la définition de l'application sous forme de graphe de flux de données contenant des mécanismes de filtrage et de synchronisations, permettant d'exprimer des schémas de communication collective et des politiques de couplage avancées.
Ce travail sur le couplage interactif est complété par une extension haut niveau concernant le rendu distribué. En exploitant une description modulaire de la scène 3D en primitives indépendantes basées sur l'utilisation de shaders, des réseaux de filtrage permettent de combiner plusieurs flux pour acheminer efficacement les informations aux machines de rendu. Ce système est très extensible et permet la création de nouvelles applications exploitant la puissance des cartes graphiques pour décharger certains calculs des processeurs et réduire les transferts réseau.
De nombreuses applications nouvelles sont ainsi développées, combinant des algorithmes de vision parallélisés immergeant l'utilisateur dans l'environnement virtuel, et des interactions avec des objets contrôlés par des simulations physiques distribuées (poterie, collisions, fluides).
Silva, Keyla Rodrigues da. "Estruturas secretoras e desenvolvimento floral em espécies de Apocynaceae." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41132/tde-09032016-143948/.
Full textApocynaceae circumscription led to several discussions throughout its history because of the morphological similarities of their flowers with those of Asclepiadaceae and currently these two families are united, being subdivided into five subfamilies. In this new concept, Apocynaceae presents an unusual synorganization of floral structures and, only through a comparative analysis of different subfamilies, is possible to understand how this group reached this high degree of floral complexity. In this context, this study aimed to characterize anatomically the floral secretory structures of three representatives of different subfamilies: Tabernaemontana, Mandevilla and Ditassa. This comparative analysis showed that the analyzed genera have different strategies to attract the pollinator and that there was structural and position shifts in Apocynoideae in relation to Asclepiadoideae. While the Mandevilla nectary is a glandular projection around the ovary, in Ditassa only the epidermis on the filaments tube is nectariferous. This change of position is related to different pollen dispersal strategies: monads in Mandevilla and pollinia in Ditassa. The pollen dispersal in monads or pollinia depends directly on the secretion produced by the style head which has distinct shape and function in the different subfamilies. The study of Tabernaemontana and Mandevilla showed that the style head produces a viscous and fluid secretion that aids in the adhesion of pollen to the pollinator, while collecting nectar at the bottom of the floral tube, and retaining the grains in the stigma level after the visitation of another flower. On the other hand, the style head of Ditassa produces a rigid secretion that adheres to pollinia and to pollinator, being moved together while collecting nectar which is in androecium. In addition to these glands, colleters osmophores were found in Ditassa, demonstrating a greater diversity of secretory structures associated with a further elaboration of floral morphology within the group.
Calaboni, Cristiane. "Utilização de malhas coloridas em cultivo protegido no desenvolvimento de duas espécies de helicônias em vaso." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11144/tde-23042015-094302/.
Full textA new agro technology concept in greenhouse was the use of colored shade nets, which allow to combine the physical protection with the selection of spectral wavelengths of solar radiation to promote physiological responses regulated by light. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of colored shade nets, blue, red and black, in the development of two species of heliconias grown in pots: Heliconia H-01 and Heliconia ortrotricha Total Eclipse. The agronomic characteristics were studied for both species as plants height and number of leaves at the end of the experiment; number of shoots; number of stomata per square millimeter and spectral reflectance of leaves. There were no differences on the number of leaves between the treatments, but blue and red nets exhibited higher plants. Plants of blue net showed a greater number of shoots, and there were not statistically different from black net in the number of shoots during the study, and the red net plants showed fewer shoots than the other colored shade nets. The greater number of stomata per square millimeter was found in plants grown in red net, and blue and black nets did not showed significant differences. The spectral reflectance of H. H01 leaves showed significant differences in the absorption of visible wavelengths by the photosynthetic pigments. H. ortrotricha showed no significant difference on the number of leaves, but the plants of the blue net were highest and black net the lowest. There was no significant difference on the number of new shoots during the study, but the red net exhibited a greater number of shoots in the end of the study. All the treatments showed no significant difference in the number of stomata per square millimeter. There were significant differences in the spectral reflectance of leaves, mainly in the visible wavelengths.
Jordà, Capdevila Dídac. "Water flows to multiple stsakeholders: an ecosystem services-based approach to conflicts in the Ter River basim." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/393917.
Full textConflicts related to water flows are the subject of abundant intellectual outputs. However, analysis of their relation to the appropriation of instream flow–dependent ecosystem services (ES) is missing. Such analysis, undertaken with a proper regard for stakeholders’ views and interests, is the objective of this thesis. As happens in other Mediterranean contexts, multiple water withdrawals from the Ter River (NE Catalonia, Spain), in particular for hydropower production and the supply of the metropolitan Barcelona, disrupt instream flows and hence damage the river ecosystem. Traditionally, this situation has triggered local and regional disputes, becoming a main issue for water management in the basin district. This dissertation involves three types of ES applications. First, we identify and characterise multiple ways people use, enjoy and feel the river. This is done by a scrutiny of those hydrological alterations and components of nature that have an effect, positive or negative, on them. Second, an ES provision model is coupled with a water allocation model in order to quantify and establish a valuation of the ES under different water management and climate scenarios. Finally, the ES provision is studied for a period of 65 years, by analysing who has been who in the exercise of power for controlling the access to water flows and the ensuing ES. That historiographical research combines qualitative data from the archives (e.g., letters, news) and quantitative data of instream flows and dam management. In the course of the study, the engagement of all types of stakeholders – both key informants and water activist organisations – has been an essential aspect of the methodology. Field research undertaken between 2011 and 2015 included dozens of interviews with key stakeholders, the organisation of five workshops and two surveys. The results show that, with the proper provisions, our ecosystem services-based approach: 1) helps to engage with stakeholders, reconnecting people to water management; 2) unveils less conspicuous ES, whose beneficiaries are usually misrepresented in decision-making spheres; 3) disentangles the complexity of societal-ecological relationships and shows the adaptation of river users to different levels of river alteration; 4) illustrates unequal distribution of benefits among different ES, over time and space and under different water management and climate scenarios; and 5) when used with a critical historical perspective, it discloses those power relationships that hamper the implementation of management measures that reduce the water extraction pressure on the river in support of an environmental flow regime.
Vosskuhle, Michel. "Particle collisions in turbulent flows." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00946618.
Full textPillu, Hugo. "Knowledge flows through patent citation data." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00458678.
Full textAlmeida, Júlia Martella de. "Avaliação de três variedades de lisianthus em ambiente protegido com telas de sombreamento de diferentes espectros de cor." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-09102017-170006/.
Full textThe search for new technologies for flower and ornamental plants production in greenhouses that result in increased efficiency of the productive structure use, to increase production and quality is constantly evolving. This study aimed to analyze the effects of different shading nets (30%) red and blue on the cultivation of three varieties of Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum), variety of rose flower (Flare Deep Rose), white flower (Allemande White Bl) and purple flower (Echo Blue Bl) regarding to plant growth, development of culture and coloring and pigmentation of leaves and petals. The control treatment, called net control was conducted under a common transparent plastic cover used in commercial productions. The results of the statistical analysis demonstrated that, red net had better results, with significant difference between the other treatments, for plant height, lenght of pair of leaves (leaf expansion), higher content of chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids, net control is highlighted by plants with higher levels of anthocyanins in the petals and blue net, with signficant difference from the others, with worse results for carotenoids concentrations, stem weight, average number of buds per stem, thinner rod along the cultivation and harvesting, the lower length of pair of leaves and harvest as compared to other treatments was delayed by 10 days.
Wang, Xiujuan. "A Probabilistic Model of Flower Fertility and Factors Influencing Seed Production in Winter Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)." Phd thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00635536.
Full textSá, Camila Dias de. "Propriedade intelectual na cadeia de flores e plantas ornamentais: uma análise da legislação brasileira de proteção de cultivares." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-11012011-131954/.
Full textThe flower market usually follows international fashion and design trends, which brings a need for constant innovation. In Brazil, innovation in plants benefited from the Variety Protection Act (Lei de Proteção de Cultivares, LPC), which recognized intellectual property rights over new plant varieties. The Brazilian act observes the farmers privilege which covers the agricultural tradition of farmers saving part of their harvest for the seeding or propagation of the next crop. This custom arose as a means of ensuring future harvests and thus safeguarding the financial situation of small family farms. However, the flower market has a different dynamic from food crops, where there is no concern about food safety. It is alleged that the manner which the farmers privilege provision is settled in the Act does not ensure true protection for asexually propagated species, as is the case of most cut flowers. This work analyzes the impacts of LPC implementation on the Brazilian cut flower chain with the aim to contribute to the understanding of the relations between the institutional environment in which this chain is inserted and its development thereof. Such analysis is based upon the theoretical approach of the New Institutional Economics; it is focused mainly in the role of property rights and institutions in the markets organization and performance. The research methodology adopts semi-structured interviews with flower breeders, flowers growers and flowers wholesalers and also examines three cut flower genera grants of protection: rose, gerbera (Transvaal daisy) and alstroemeria (Peruvian lily). It was found that the Acts implementation in Brazil meant the recognition of intellectual property in plant breeding and therefore it was crucial to the entrance of breeding companies in the country. In turn, the introduction of new plant varieties by these companies, is modernizing the Brazilian flower market in terms of varieties range, quality and availability of up to date varieties. However, as suggested by hypothesis 1, the farmers privilege provision prevent the widely achievement of the benefits that a plant variety protection regime can promote. According to the way this provision is settled, the property rights allocation is not clearly defined at the LPC, in this way, transaction costs are created due to the need of designing monitoring structures and contracts, which provide breeders better property rights appropriation. It was verified that there are cases where agreements between the parties play a more important role than the law in disciplining the market. The growers who do not fulfill the contracts are excluded from access to modern varieties. Besides, the way the farmers privilege is settled, may also limit the breeders investment level in Brazil as well serving small family farmers due to the lack of credibility caused by this provision .It was also noted that the property rights appropriation by means of a protection title is not always feasible concerning the market size of several varieties from certain flowers genera. In other words, the lower demand for the protection of some varieties is explained by the lower demand of the market, refuting what was supposed in the hypothesis 2 that the farmers privilege would affect the flowers in different manners according to its biological different characters. Thus, it was demonstrated that to use a protection title as a tool to seek property rights appropriation, breeders need to recognize value on it. Conclusions demonstrate the importance of legislation improvement in the sense to guarantee the asexually propagated flowers protection appropriated level. This research aims to provide contributions to this propose.
Ben, Nasr Ouissem. "Numerical simulations of supersonic turbulent wall-bounded flows." Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01059805.
Full textPedersoli, Giseli Donizete. "Desenvolvimento floral de Parkia multijuga e Stryphnodendron adstringens, espécies andromonoicas de Leguminosae (Mimosoideae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59139/tde-07082013-150119/.
Full textDiclinous flowers originate by functional/structural absence of one of the reproductive whorls, from the inception or by abortion in the development. This study aims to compare the floral development of two andromonoecious legumes, Parkia multijuga and Stryphnodendron adstringens, in order to verify which process acts in the staminate flower formation (carpel absence from inception or by abortion). Flowers and flower buds of various sizes were collected and processed for observations in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM). The development of floral organs begins with the emergence of five sepal primordia in the floral meristem from the abaxial side (P. multijuga) and from the adaxial side (S. adstringens) in which in some buds, a sixth primordia arises late; five petal primordial simultaneously in P. multijuga and bidirectionally in S. adstringens, a carpel primordium emergence concomitantly to five antesepalous stamens primordia in P. multijuga, and after the petal formation in S. adstringens, and five antepetalous stamen primordium. In the final stages of the development, the stamens initiated in two whorls, one outer (antesepalous) and the other innermost (antepetalous), are arranged in a single whorl. However, the antesepalous stamens, which emerged first, are a little more elongated than the antepetalous ones. In P. multijuga the fillets join in the base while its elongation, forming a tube, which thereafter becomes adnate to the petals. In hermaphrodite flowers, in both species, the carpel primordium emerges, stretches, the carpel cleft closes and, soon after, the style begins its differentiation. In staminate flowers, the carpel primordium begins and stretches, but the carpel cleft does not close and the carpel does not end its development. In the mature stage, the hermaphrodite flowers present fully differentiated stigmas, while in the staminate flowers, the carpel primordium remains as a rudiment at the base of the bud. In this case, there is no initiation of any ovule. We conclude that staminate flowers in both species arise by carpel abortion and not from inception, alike the other members of Mimosoideae.
Tiedt, Caio Luiz. "RG flows e sistemas dinâmicos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2019. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-18032019-151627/.
Full textIn the context of Wilsonian Renormalization, renormalization group (RG) flows are a set of differential equations that defines how the coupling constants of a theory depend on an energy scale. These equations closely resemble thermodynamical equations and how thermodynamical systems are related to temperature. In this sense, it is natural to look for structures in the flows that show a thermodynamics-like behaviour. The mathematical theory to study these equations is called Dynamical Systems, and applications of that have been used to study RG flows. For example, the classical Zamolodchikov\'s C-Theorem and its higher-dimensional counterparts, that show that there is a monotonically decreasing function along the flow and it is a property that resembles the second-law of thermodynamics, is related to the Lyapunov function in the context of Dynamical Systems. It can be used to rule out exotic asymptotic behaviours like periodic flows (also known as limit cycles). We also study bifurcation theory and index theories, which have been proposed to be useful in the study of RG flows, the former can be used to explain couplings crossing through marginality and the latter to extract global information about the space the flows lives in. In this dissertation, we also look for applications in holographic RG flows and we try to see if the structural behaviours in holographic theories are the same as the ones in the dual field theory side.
Junqueira, João Gabriel Moraes. "Estudo químico de Annona coriacea Mart. E Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart. (Annonaceae)." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/5169.
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CHAPTER 01: CHEMICAL STUDY OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Annona coriacea Mart. AND Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart (Annonaceae) - In this research was performed the study of the chemical profile of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of flowers and leaves of species Annona coriacea and Xylopia aromatica (Annonaceae) by means of extraction in vivo and in vitro, through the techniques headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME), hydrodistillation and characterization by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). By the analysis of the volatile fraction of flowers and leaves of A. coriacea it was observed different VOCs, according to the coatings utilized, since the selection of the fiber becomes one of the main factors for VOCs analysis in different vegetables parts. The chemical profile of the flowers of X. aromatica was obtained through HS-SPME, which compared the efficiency of in vivo and in vitro extractions, due to the higher number of VOCs present in the floral aroma. Once were obtained various chemical data, the multivariate analysis of the data was performed, which provided relevant information, contributing to the optimization of some conditions, such as selection of fiber, extraction time and extraction temperature yielded the characterization of the most number of VOCs. In this context, the conditions that presented the most promising results were: fibers CAR/PDMS and PA, extraction time equal the 60 min and extraction temperature of 29 °C. The essential oil of the flowers of X. aromatica was obtained by hydrodistillation and chemically characterized by GC-MS. The major compound present was the pentadecan-2-one (16.38%). The extraction techniques utilized were helpful, however there was qualitative and quantitative variation of VOCs, which is expected due to the extraction process be different. Thus, it is observed that depending on the objective of the survey or that searches for in the volatile fraction, it is necessary to use the technique to give the most promising results for the investigation held or in order to complement each other. In this way, the study of A. coriacea and X. aromatica contributed to the knowledge of the chemical profile of VOCs present in these species, seen from these investigations that the same can be applied in several industrial areas, for example cosmetic, food, among others.
CAPÍTULO 01: ESTUDO QUÍMICO DOS COMPOSTOS ORGÂNICOS VOLÁTEIS DE Annona coriacea Mart. E Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart (Annonaceae) - Nesta pesquisa realizou-se o estudo do perfil químico dos compostos orgânicos voláteis (COVs) das flores e folhas das espécies Annona coriacea e Xylopia aromatica (Annonaceae), por meio da extração in vivo e in vitro, através das técnicas de headspace-microextração em fase sólida (HS-SPME), hidrodestilação e caracterização via cromatografia gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massas (CG-EM). Pela análise da fração volátil das flores e folhas de A. coriacea observou-se COVs diferentes, de acordo com os revestimentos usados, visto que a seleção da fibra se torna um dos principais fatores para a análise de COVs em partes vegetais diferentes. O perfil químico das flores de X. aromatica foi obtido via HS-SPME, em que se comparou a eficiência das extrações in vivo e in vitro, em função do maior número de COVs presentes no aroma floral. Uma vez que foram obtidos vários dados químicos, foi realizada a análise multivariada dos mesmos, a qual forneceu informações relevantes, contribuindo para a otimização de algumas condições, tais como seleção da fibra, tempo de extração e temperatura de extração que rendessem a caracterização do maior número de COVs. Neste contexto, as condições que apresentaram os resultados mais promissores foram: fibras de CAR/PDMS e PA, tempo de extração igual a 60 min e temperatura de extração de 29 oC. O óleo essencial das flores de X. aromatica foi obtido por hidrodestilação e caracterizado quimicamente por CG-EM. O composto majoritário presente foi a pentadecan-2-ona (16,38%). As técnicas de extração utilizadas foram úteis, entretanto houve variação quali e quantitativa dos COVs, o que é esperado devido ao processo de extração ser diferente. Assim, observou-se que dependendo do objetivo da pesquisa ou do que se procura na fração volátil, faz-se necessária a utilização da técnica que dê os resultados mais promissores para a investigação realizada ou de forma que se complementem. Desta maneira, o estudo de A. coriacea e X. aromatica contribuiu para o conhecimento do perfil químico dos COVs presentes nestas espécies, visto que a partir destas investigações os mesmos podem ser aplicados em várias áreas industriais, por exemplo cosmético, alimentos, dentre outros.
Herzog, Neusa Francisca Michelon. "Fenologia reprodutiva e produção de sementes de Jatropha curcas L." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2012. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1441.
Full textPinhão-manso (Jatropha curcas L.) belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family from Americas has been disseminated in tropical and sub-tropical regions in the globe and also largely distributed in Asiatic and African continents. This specie has its seeds as the main way of spreading itself. Generally the reproductive material (seeds and fruit) is strongly influenced by the genitor plants, by the local climatic conditions that act on the development that comprises since the pollination process, the physiological maturity of the seed, to the plantation success. Due to its importance, this research aimed to characterize the flower and fruit production of the specie in an intercropped and monocultivation system, as well as to determine the production, the physical quality of the Jatropha curcas L. seeds, in Pato Bragado city in West of Paraná state. The study assessment period took 13 months and started in December 2010. The field experiment was set in areas of intercropped with Tifton and in a monocultivation system. The emission of floral buds and the flower and fruit abortion were weekly registered computing the formed fruit and quantifying the developed seeds. The number of locules was evaluated with formed seeds in fruitage, and some aspects related to the seeds were measured such as: the weight in grams, the length and the width in centimeters. The quality tests in the seeds were: germination in sand, germination speed index and tetrazolium test. The variance was analyzed by the Sisvar program, and the statistic difference between the average were compared by the Tukey test of 5% of error probability. The monocultivation favored the productivity. Four periods of flourishing were observed and the most expressive one occurred during the August to November period. The tendency to concentrate a bigger number of female flowers was noticed since the trees got older, and the most vigorous seed were produced during August to November period
O pinhão-manso (Jatropha curcas L.) pertencente à família Euphorbiaceae, é nativo das Américas, apresenta-se disseminado nas regiões tropicais e subtropicais do globo e amplamente distribuído nos continentes Asiático e Africano. Esta espécie tem as sementes como principal forma de dispersão. De modo geral, sabe-se que o material reprodutivo (sementes e frutos) é bastante influenciado pelas características das plantas genitoras, pelas condições climáticas do local em que atua sobre o desenvolvimento, que compreende desde a polinização, maturidade fisiológica da semente, ao sucesso do plantio. Dada a sua importância, esta pesquisa objetivou caracterizar a produção de flores e frutos da espécie, em cultivo consorciado e monocultivo, determinar a produção, a qualidade física e fisiológica das sementes de Jatropha curcas L., no município de Pato Bragado no Oeste do Paraná. O período das avaliações compreendeu 13 meses, tendo início em dezembro de 2010. O experimento à campo, foi realizado em áreas de cultivo consorciado com tifton e sistema de monocultivo. Semanalmente, a emissão de botões florais e abortamento de flores e frutos, foram anotados, computando os frutos formados, abortados e quantificando as sementes desenvolvidas. Em frutos, avaliou-se o número de lóculos com sementes formadas. Mensurou-se nas sementes: massa em gramas; comprimento e largura em centímetros. Os testes de qualidade em sementes foram: germinação em areia, índice de velocidade de germinação e teste de tetrazólio. Para a análise estatística, realizou-se análise de variância pelo programa Sisvar, no caso de diferença estatística entre as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade de erro. A monocultura favoreceu a produtividade. Foram observados quatro períodos de florescimento, sendo que o mais expressivo ocorreu no período de agosto a novembro. Houve tendência a concentrar maior número de flores femininas á medida que as árvores ficaram mais velhas. As sementes mais vigorosas, foram produzidas no período de agosto a novembro
Zimmermann, Robert. "How large spheres spin and move in turbulent flows." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00737746.
Full textVela, Saavedra Emir Augusto. "Non-Contact Microscale Manipulation using laser-induced convection flows." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00647226.
Full textSilva, Luecya Alves de Carvalho. "Bioprospecção de Anacardium occidentale como produto anti-Leishmania e cicatrizante." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2016. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1734.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA)
The plant species Anacardium Occidentale known in Brazil as cashew tree represents a great economic, social and medical relevance. This study aims to perform the synthesis of the emulsion-type formulation with extract of flowers from A. occidentale L. and evaluates its cicatrizant effect (Chapter I); evaluates the leishmanicidal activity in vitro and in vivo from the extract and base formulation of the flowers from A. occidentale L. (Chapter II); develops and testes a biotech product with biological activity, based on the extract from the flowers of A. occidentale (Chapter III). After developing the biotechnological product, a formulation of emulsion-type based extract of A. occidentale flowers, physicochemical stability tests were performed. It was found, that the formulation showed more stability at room temperature showing no phase separation, loss of viscosity or any of its desirable characteristics throughout the study. In addition, it was shown that the formulation has important cicatrizing activity, possibly related to the IL-6 increase. Furthermore, in vitro antiLeishmania tests were performed using infected macrophages Raw and promastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis, and in vivo using BALB / c mice infected with this protozoan. The results show that the extract of A. occidentale flowers inhibits the growth of promastigotes of L. amazonensis, in vitro and in vivo, as it reduces the viability of promastigotes and infection in macrophages, and reduce the parasitic load of the infection in vivo, possibly by direct action of the extract on the protozoa. Isolated compounds present in plant species, on the other hand, do not exhibit Leishmanicidal effect against L. amazonensis promastigotes. In the same manner, the formulation emulsion-type containing A. occidentale extract has no Leishmanicidal effect while reducing the size of the lesion, when compared to treatment with standard drugs. In conjunction, the results indicate that Anacardium occidentale has pharmacological potential for mining products to be used in the treatment of leishmaniasis and scarring.
A espécie vegetal Anacardium occidentale, conhecida, no Brasil, como cajueiro é uma árvore que apresenta grande relevância econômica, social e medicinal. Este trabalho teve como objetivos: realizar a síntese de formulação do tipo emulsão com extrato das flores de A. occidentale L e avaliar seu efeito cicatrizante (CAPÍTULO I); avaliar a atividade leishmanicida in vitro e in vivo do extrato e formulação a base das flores de A. occidentale L. (CAPÍTULO II); desenvolver e testar um produto biotecnológico com atividade biológica, tendo como base o extrato das flores de A. occidentale (CAPÍTULO III). Após o desenvolvimento do produto biotecnológico, uma formulação do tipo emulsão a base do extrato de flores de A. occidentale, foram realizados testes de estabilidade físico-química. Constatou-se que a formulação demonstrou maior estabilidade na temperatura ambiente não apresentando separação de fases, perda de viscosidade ou de qualquer uma das suas características ideais durante todo o estudo. Em adição, mostrou-se que a formulação possui importante atividade cicatrizante, possivelmente associada ao aumento de IL-6. Ademais, foram realizados ensaios anti-Leishmania in vitro, utilizando macrófagos Raw infectados, bem como formas promastigotas de Leishmania amazonensis, e in vivo utilizando-se camundongos Balb/c infectados com este protozoário. Os resultados obtidos mostram que o extrato das flores de A. occidentale inibe o crescimento das formas promastigotas de L. amazonensis, in vitro e in vivo, pois reduz a viabilidade de promastigotas, bem como a infecção em macrófagos, além de diminuir a carga parasitária na infecção in vivo, possivelmente por ação direta do extrato sobre os protozoários. Compostos isolados presentes na espécie vegetal, por outro lado, não apresentam efeito leishmanicida contra as formas promastigotas de L. amazonensis. Do mesmo modo, a formulação do tipo emulsão contendo extrato de A. occidentale não apresenta efeito leishmanicida embora reduza o tamanho da lesão, quando comparado ao tratamento com droga padrão. Em conjunto os resultados indicam que Anacardium occidentale apresenta potencial farmacológico para prospecção de produtos a serem utilizados no tratamento das leishmanioses e cicatrização.
Marques, Roberta Wanderley da Costa. "Avaliação da sazonalidade do mercado de flores e plantas ornamentais no estado de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-20082002-143906/.
Full textThis dissertation has the main objective to evaluate an eventual seasonal behavior of volumes and price series at floriculture in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. For this reason, a selection of products and trade centers was necessary. The chosen products were: rose, chrysanthemum and violet. Data refering to the decade of 1990 were got from the trade centers selected in the state of São Paulo: CEAGESP-SP - Companhia de Entrepostos e Armazéns Gerais de São Paulo - , Veiling Holambra - a cooperative which trades directly from producers through eletronic auction - and CEASA-Campinas - a permanent market of flowers in Campinas. Apart from this principal aim, the identification and characterization of the seasonal period of volumes and prices, and the comparison of market characteristics of main flowers and ornamnetal plants traded in the selected facilities in the state of São Paulo were made. The results of the research pointed distinct periods for the volumes and presented similarity for the price periods. For example, the period of 12 months was found to the price of rose in every trade center. Moreover, it was observed that there are links between comercialdates and the found periods for volumes and prices. Therefore, like for the most agricultural products, it is believed that information about seasonal periods is extremelly important for the trade system of each product. With this knowledge, both, producers and consumers, can benefit themselves. Knowing the seasonal periods, producers can organize their production to make it meet consumers demand; consequently, they can create more peaks during the whole year. Increasing the trade peaks, the anual revenue also increases being better distributed during the period.
Rodrigues, Marcelo Antonio. "Crescimento e marcha de absorção de nutrientes de crisântemo (Dendranthema grandiflora, Tzvelev.) cultivado em vaso." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-17122013-125254/.
Full textThe chrysanthemum cultivated in pot is one of the best seller floristic products in the Brazilian floriculture, having high colors diversity, forms and sizes of inflorescences, besides present high post-harvest durability. Therefore, it is necessary to attend the plant nutrition requirement for enabling to express its ornamental potential. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the plant growth and to characterize the nutrients uptake curve of chrysanthemum, cv. ,,Fine Time\", cultivated on pot. The experiment was carried out at greenhouse of the Floriculture Section, Polytechnic College, Federal University of ,,Santa Maria\" (UFSM), Santa Maria, ,,Rio Grande do Sul\" state, Brazil, from September to December 2012. The statistical design was complete randomized with eight treatments and six replications. The plants were sampled and analyzed in intervals of 7 to 14 days according to the plant development stage. The evaluated growth parameters were: length of stems, leaves and roots; number of leaves, roots, sproutings, buds and inflorescences; width and area of leaves; dry matter of leaves, roots, buds, inflorescences, stems and plants. In relation to the nutrients content, accumulation and uptake curve, the N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn on the roots, leaves, stems, buds and inflorescences were evaluated. The parameters stem and root length, number of leaves and roots, dry matter of plant, stems and roots were crescent as function of time, presenting a tendency of stability at end of the crop cycle. The parameters length and width of leaves decrease as function of cultivation time. The decrescente order of organ dry matter accumulation was: leaves > stems > roots > inflorescences > buds. The needs of N, P, S and Cu are equal during the vegetative phase and flowering. The needs of K, Mn and Zn in the plants are higher on the flowering phase. The plant demand of Ca, B, Fe and Mg is higher on the vegetative phase. The needs of macronutrients during vegetative phase and flowering obey, respectively, the following order: Ca > Mg > N > S > P > K and K > P > S > N > Mg > Ca. The needs of micronutrients during vegetative phase and flowering obey, respectively, the following decrescent order: B > Fe> Cu > Zn > Mn and Mn > Zn > Cu > Fe > B. The decrescent sequence of nutrient accumulation on the chrysanthemum plants as function of time was: N > K > P > Ca > S > Mg > Fe > Mn > B > Zn > Cu.
Vidarte, José Humberto Bravo. "Smooth pertubations of Lorenz-like flows." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55135/tde-15072014-155326/.
Full textDado um Fluxo Geométrico de Lorenz X em \'R POT. n+2\' de classe \'C POT. k+1\'; por definição, existe uma aplicação de Poincaré \'P IND. X\'\' de classe \'C POT. k+1\'; frequentemente chamado aplicação do tipo Lorenz [ABS83]. O objetivo principal desta tese é mostrar que, sob certas condições a aplicação do tipo Lorenz \'P IND. X\' pode ser associado a ele uma transformação unidimensional \'f IND. X\' de classe \'C POT. k\' (definida em um intervalo). Esta associação é chamada de transformação de redução R; assim temos que , \'RP IND. X\' = \'f IND. X\'. Esta associação nos permitiria estudar as propriedades dinâmicas do fluxo original utilizando técnicas da dinâmica unidimensional de classe \'C POT. k\'
Xiujuan, Wang. "Un modèle probabiliste de fleur de fertilité et facteurs influant sur la production de semences en colza d'hiver." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00612716.
Full textFosas, De Pando Miguel Ángel. "Tonal noise generation in flows around aerofoils : a global stability analysis." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2012. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00816987.
Full textThe generation of discrete acoustic tones in the compressible flow around an aerofoil is addressed in this thesis by means of nonlinear numerical simulations and global stability analyses. To this end, a nonlinear simulation code featuring a novel technique for gaining access to the linearized direct and adjoint dynamics has been developed and applied to the flow around an aerofoil. The nonlinear simulations confirm the appearance of discrete tones in the acoustic spectrum, and for the chosen flow case, the global stability analyses of the mean-flow dynamics reveal that the linearized operator is stable. However, the flow response to incoming disturbances exhibits important transient growth effects that culminate into the onset of aeroacoustic feedback loops, involving instability process on the suction- and pressure-surface boundary-layers together with their cross interaction by acoustic radiation at the trailing edge. The features of the aeroacoustic feedback loops and the appearance of discrete tones are then related to the features of the least stable modes in the global spectrum: on the one hand, the spatial structure of the direct modes display the growth of hydrodynamic instabilities on the suction surface and the near wake; on the other hand, the associated adjoint modes display increased receptivity of the flow on the pressure surface. Finally, the analysis of the wavemaker region highlights, in agreement with previous experimental investigations, the sensitivity of the flow to the pressure-surface boundary layer
Zou, Ziqiang. "A sharp interface method for low Mach two-phase flows with phase change Toward asymptotic-preserving low-Mach correction for sharp interface two-phase flows with capillary effects An Accurate Sharp Interface Method for Two-Phase Compressible Flows at Low-Mach Regime." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03178310.
Full textA sharp interface approach is presented for computing two-phase flows with surface tension and phase change in low Mach regime. To develop such a model, where slight compressible effects are taken into account as well as correct thermodynamical closures, both the liquid and the gas are considered compressible and described by a precise compressible solver. This compressible solver adopt a splitting technique called "acoustic-transport splitting" which splits the Euler system into two parts: acoustic and transport. Based on the acoustic subsystem, an approximate Riemann solver that accounts for surface tension and phase change effects is developed. The interface between two-phase flows is captured by the Level Set method that is considered to be sharp. The interface capturing issue of the Level Set method within the Eulerian framework is the key point of the two-phase flow simulations, and in this work we propose and adopt high-order approaches for interface advection, redistancing and curvature estimation. In low Mach regime, conventional compressible solvers lose accuracy and a low Mach correction is then necessary to reduce the numerical dissipation. For a sharp interface method, the interface is treated as the shock-wave contact discontinuity via the Ghost Fluid method. Without a smooth region at the interface, such discontinuity existing at the interface presents a huge challenge to the design of a numerical scheme. The well-known low Mach fix in literature could lead to significant truncation error, especially for two-phase flows with large density and sound speed ratios. To recover a good asymptotic-preserving property, we propose a new low Mach correction with rigorous asymptotic analysis. Several numerical test cases have been employed to validate the present numerical approach and enlighten its good performance
Britto, Erika Pessôa Japhyassu. "Taxonomia de Ascidae sensu Lindquist e Evans (1965) (Acari: Mesostigmata), biologia e ecologia de espécies brasileiras selecionadas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11146/tde-14022012-085903/.
Full textMites of the family Ascidae sensu Lindquist and Evans (1965) are found in various habitats, especially in litter, stored products and flowers. They are best known for their predatory habits on mites, other small arthropods and nematodes, but many are also known to feed on fungi, pollen and nectar, and some have been reported in association with cockroaches and moths. Given the potential of this mite group in the control of pests in the soil, on plants or stored products, detailed studies on their taxonomy are warranted. These studies can help further development of biological and ecological studies to enable their use in control pest. The aim of the present study was to list the world species of Ascidae sensu Lindquist and Evans (1965), to develop a dichotomous key to assist in the separation of the genera of the family, identify species deposited in the mite reference collection of ESALQ and describe new species found in the study, redescribe a species of Lasioseius Berlese of possible importance in biological control of pests, and to evaluate the potential of this species in the control of the broad mite, Polyphagortarsonemus latus (Banks) (Tarsonemidae). A total of 901 valid species belonging to 40 genera were cited in the species list and a dichotomous key was developed for the separation of the genera of this family. Two new species, one of Blattisocius and another of Proctolaelaps, were described. The former was collected in association with Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Acaridae) on a commercial dog food, in Charqueada, while the latter was collected from flowers of Heliconia angusta Vellozo, in Registro, both in the State of Sao Paulo. Blattisocius keegani Fox and Lasioseius floridensis Berlese were redescribed based on specimens collected from Gerbera sp. (Asteraceae) in the State of Sao Paulo. A key to the separation of world species of Blattisocius was prepared. The biology of L. floridensis was studied for its potential importance as a biological control agent. The possible limitation of this predator under low humidity was determined in the study. The diversity of Ascidae sensu Lindquist and Evans (1965) species was studied in tropical flowers in various parts of Brazil. A total of 23 species belonging to Asca, Cheiroseius, Iphidozercon, Lasioseius, Proctolaelaps and Tropicoseius were identified, the largest numbers of specimens referring to Proctolaelaps n.sp and Tropicoseius venezuelensis Baker and Yunker. The population dynamics of mites of this family was studied in Piracicaba, determining that the prevalent species was T. venezuelensis, and that the highest population level of the mite species occurred at the end of one year and the beginning of the following year.
Pessoa, Cleucione de Oliveira. "Cálcio e silício via foliar na qualidade de gérbera de corte." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-12092011-153352/.
Full textNutritional management is one of the factors that affect cut gerbera quality and longevity of postharvest flower. Many studies have demonstrated the successful calcium and silicon application in the quality of numerous crops, including cut flowers, such as chrysanthemum and sunflower. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the foliar application effect of Ca and Si in the growth, development, production and some postharvest longevity aspects of cut gerbera. The experiment was conducted in a commercial greenhouse in the period between September 2009 and June 2010 in Holambra, São Paulo, Brazil. Weekly foliar applications containing 0, 23.75, 47.5 and 95 mg Ca L-1 and 0, 42.8, 85.6 and 171.2 mg L-1 of Si solutions were carried out 49 days after seedling transplanting in a factorial scheme (4x4), a total of 16 treatments distributed in a randomized block design with three replications. At the beginning of the application, weekly it was registered number of flower stems. At the end of the vegetative phase, it was evaluated number of leaves, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of leaves and nutrient content in leaves. Gerbera growth and production in the reproductive phase, in February and June 2010 were evaluated by the number of leaves, leaf area, fresh and dry leave mass, and fresh and dry weight of flower stems. In those periods, it was also determined nutrient contents in leaves and flower stems, stem curvature in the postharvest period, vase longevity and fresh mass loss, besides flower stem quality on its harvest point. The commercial quality was evaluated by the diameter and length stem, flower diameter and petals coloration (L *, C * and Hue). At 204 days after transplanting, the flower diameter increased with Si application in presence of 95 mg L-1 Ca. In postharvest, reduction of fresh mass floral stem loss was maximum with the application of 73.7 mg L-1 Ca in the absence of Si or with the application of 128 mg L-1 of Si in the absence of Ca.
Bettiol, Renato Ghini. "Generic properties of semi-Riemannian geodesic flows." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45131/tde-21072010-170243/.
Full textSeja M uma variedade suave possivelmente não compacta. Estuda-se a genericidade na topologia C^k (3<=k<=+infty) de propriedades de não degenerescência de fluxos geodésicos semi-Riemannianos em M. A saber, provase uma nova versão do Teorema de Métricas Bumpy para uma tal M e também a genericidade de métricas que não possuem geodésicas degeneradas cujos pontos finais satisfazem certas condições. Isso estende resultados anteriores de Biliotti, Javaloyes and Piccione para geodésicas com extremos fixos para o caso onde os extremos variam em uma subvariedade compacta P de M ×M que satisfaz uma condição de admissibilidade. Consequências imediatas são genericidade de não conjugação entre dois pontos e não focalidade entre um ponto e uma subvariedade (ou também entre duas subvariedades).
Pereira, João Pedro de Castro Nunes. "A concentração geográfica de empresas no agronegócio de flores: uma análise das localidades de Holambra e Mogi das Cruzes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3136/tde-08012008-143324/.
Full textThis thesis aims to understand the phenomenon of geographical and sectional concentration of companies (clusters), whose importance in the creation of competitive advantages and also in the regional development have been studied and reported in specialized literature. Considering the importance of agribusiness in the Brazilian social-economic context and the lack of academic studies concerning with, agribusiness clusters, the present research was performed in two localities of State of São Paulo: Holambra and Mogi das Cruzes, both characterized by the flowers and ornamental plants agribusiness concentration. The main objectives of this thesis are the following: elaborate a theoretic-conceptual structure for flowers agribusiness cluster; identify the main inductive factors inducing for the establishment joint action between the actors of the productive chain; and, verify the inductive factors in innovation and in local collective competences building. Due to the complexity of the studied phenomenon, the field research design encompasses both qualitative and quantitative (survey) approaches. The main results founded show that: the adequacy of the framework analysis proposed; the ethnic factor influences in the cooperation and local competitive advantages building related issues; the joint actions among the actors of the locality, specially agricultural producers, did not depended on the public power coordination; the studied geographical cluster allows to increase joint actions, specifically among the agricultural producers, stimulated by the agricultural producers associations and by the cooperative societies.
Silva, Júnior Uilton Pereira da. "Partições pluviométricas nos cultivos de soja, milho e braquiária no município de Jataí (GO)." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3276.
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The aim of this work is to study the rainfall partitions in three cultures under different soil managements: soya (Glycine max (L) Merrill) in no-tillage, corn (Zea Mays) in conventional tillage and brachiaria (brachiaria decumbens Stapf cv Comum) in no-tillage. The work was conducted from October 2011 to June 2012. This search was carried on in experimental area of the Federal University of Goias (UFG), campus Jataí, state of Goiás (Brazil). Pluviometers were installed above each culture, on the soil surface, between lines of each culture, in the soil body at 5 cm of soil depth and at 30 cm of soil depth. We used digital and handle pluviometers tools, with 3 (three) repetitions. Aimed calculating the partitions rainfall using datas given by pluviometers installed, based on numbers proposed by Kojac, et al. (2007). Worthed the precipitation intercepted by the canopy (Pf), the direct precipitation (Pd), the flow through the canopy (Ef), retained by the rain canopy (Rf), water saved in the deepth of until 5 cm of soil (Rs5), water saved in the deepth until 30 cm of soil (Rs30), runoff (RO) and the precipitation deep (Pp), over the total precipitation (Pt). To conclusion, the numbers of interceptation and saved by soya, corn and brachiaria canopy were low in negative stage, growing up with the development of foliar areas of farm. In corn culture, approximately 53% of precipitation fall down the soil of target way, in relation to total rain. In soya and brachiaria cases, the most part of rain was intercepted by the canopy before of fall down the soil, with numbers of 81,8% and 54,2% respectively. Understood that, for the three crops, only numbers of rain upper to 3 mm accepted dates of flow through the canopy. Corn presented 0,7% deep precipitation in contrast to total rains and 14% of runoff. The percentage of precipitation and runoff depth for soybeans were 7,2% and 3,7% respectively. To brachiaria was recorded 24% and 2,4% deep precipitation runoff. In tests conducted in the middle stages of vegetative brachiaria and corn, there were significant differences in precipitation retained at a depth of 30 cm soil depth in precipitation and runoff in relation to these crops. In tests conducted in the middle stages of vegetative brachiaria, and corn, there were significant differences in precipitation retained at a depth of 30 cm soil depth in precipitation and runoff. The brachiaria grown in no-till system, showed better water infiltration into the soil and less runoff. Analyzing these dates, it's possible to conclude about importance of maintenance of organic layer in the soil to reduce the runoff and elevating in the percentages of infiltration of soil water. Both the cultivated vegetable species, as the system of land management, were important in determining the values of rainfall partitions.
Este trabalho avalia as partições pluviométricas em três cultivos: soja (Glycine max (L) Merrill) cultivada no sistema de plantio direto, milho (Zea Mays) cultivado no sistema de plantio convencional e pastagem de braquiária (Brachiaria decumbens Stapf cv Comum) cultivada no sistema de plantio direto. O período de estudo foi de outubro de 2011 a junho de 2012. A pesquisa foi conduzida no campo experimental da Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), campus Jatobá, no município de Jataí (GO). Foram instalados instrumentos pluviométricos acima de cada cultura, sobre a superfície do solo, a 5 cm de profundidade do solo e a 30 cm de profundidade. Utilizou-se aparelhos pluviométricos manuais e digitais, com 3 repetições. Objetivou-se estimar as partições pluviométricas por meio dos dados fornecidos pelos pluviômetros instalados. Estimou-se a precipitação interceptada pelo dossel (Pf), a precipitação direta (Pd), o escoamento pelo dossel (Ef), a chuva retida pelo dossel (Rf), a água retida na profundidade de até 5 cm do solo (Rs5), a água retida na profundidade de até 30 cm do solo (Rs30), o escoamento superficial (RO) e a precipitação profunda (Pp). Os valores foram estimados em relação à precipitação total (Pt). Concluiu-se que os valores de interceptação e retenção pelo dossel da soja, milho e braquiária foram menores na fase vegetativa, aumentando conforme o desenvolvimento da área foliar dos cultivos. No cultivo do milho, 47% da precipitação foram interceptadas pelo dossel em relação à chuva total. Na soja, 81,8% da chuva foi interceptada pelo dossel antes de atingir o solo, e na braquiária 54,2%. O valor estimado da precipitação retida pelo dossel do milho foi de 28,6%, pelo dossel da soja de 22,7% e pelo dossel da braquiária de 24,7%. Verificou-se que, para os três cultivos, apenas valores de chuvas superiores a 3 mm permitiram registros de escoamento pelo dossel. O milho apresentou 0,7% de precipitação profunda em relação às chuvas totais e 14% de escoamento superficial. Os percentuais de precipitação profunda e escoamento superficial para a soja foram de 7,2% e 3,7% respectivamente. Para a braquiária, foram registrados 24% de precipitação profunda e 2,4% de escoamento superficial. Nos testes de médias realizados nas fases vegetativas da braquiária e do milho, observaram-se diferenças significativas na precipitação retida na profundidade de 30 cm do solo, na precipitação profunda e no escoamento superficial. A braquiária, cultivada no sistema de plantio direto, apresentou maior infiltração de água no solo e menor escoamento superficial em relação ao milho sob plantio convencional. Confirmando, assim, a importância da cobertura vegetal e da manutenção da camada de resíduos orgânicos no solo, para diminuição do escoamento superficial e aumento nas taxas de infiltração de água. Tanto a espécie vegetal quanto o sistema de manejo do solo foram importantes para determinar os valores das partições pluviométricas.
Holocheski, Cleverson. "Implicações da relação solo versus relevo na instalação e evolução de túneis." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2011. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/120.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Whereas erosion is a process that detracts from the soil, reducing its productivity or even making impossible the food production in it, it is worth emphasizing the importance of studies on this topic, especially with explanations and solutions to problems found in areas that are degraded by erosive processes. The installation and evolution of this process depends on a number of factors, all of them related to the pedological cover and the shapes of slopes, such as those linked to the hydrology of the hillside. With emphasis on this type of erosion phenomenon, this work takes as its main objective to recognize the factors correlated with onset and progression of tunnels, particularly those concerning the characteristics of soils and landforms in a hillside of Rio das Pombas, in the city of Guarapuava, South Center of the Paraná State. To this end, the research was developed from a comprehensive pedological system approach, identifying and individualizing the units of soil through surveys, and also monitoring the rainfall and hydrological flows in order to observe the dynamics of subsurface water in that slope. The methodology used in the study was divided into four phases with the first phase was consisted basically of bibliographic content to be worked, then the second part of the research was carried out on field work, and in this phase samples for laboratory analysis were collected; the piezometers for monitoring of subsurface flows were installed and it was also installed the weather station to the collections related to rainfall. In the third phase, the work was focused on laboratory and office, where were then carried out the sizing analysis and also the preparation of cartographic material combined with the tabulation of data for the construction of graphs. The fourth and final phase was the analysis of integrated data, from which, through the analysis the results were achieved. In the case studied, the results indicated that the main factors of installation and maintenance of erosion of those tunnels were that related to the physical properties of pedologic cover, such as the particle size, the shape of the slope and mainly the hydrological conditions. Regarding the evolution of the erosion on that slope, it can be said that the tunnels in the future may finally become a crater, damaging the use of the area.
Considerando que a erosão é um processo que deprecia o solo diminuindo a sua produtividade ou até mesmo impossibilitando a sua produção de alimentos, cabe ressaltar, a importância de estudos sobre essa temática, principalmente, com explicações e soluções para os problemas encontrados em áreas degradadas por processos erosivos. A instalação e evolução da erosão em túneis depende de uma série de fatores, tanto aqueles relativos à cobertura pedológica e as formas das vertentes, como aqueles vinculados à hidrologia da encosta. Com destaque para esse tipo de fenômeno erosivo, o presente trabalho, adota como objetivo principal reconhecer os fatores correlacionados a instalação e evolução de túneis, particularmente, aqueles relativos às características dos solos e das formas de relevo, em uma encosta do Rio das Pombas, Município de Guarapuava, Centro Sul do Estado do Paraná. Para tanto, a pesquisa desenvolveu-se a partir de uma abordagem detalhada do sistema pedológico, identificando e individualizando as unidades de solo através de sondagens e também, monitorando as precipitações e os fluxos hidrológicos, a fim de, observar à dinâmica subsuperficial da água na referida encosta. A metodologia utilizada na pesquisa dividiu-se em quatro fases, sendo que a primeira fase consistiu basicamente no levantamento bibliográfico do conteúdo a ser trabalhado, em seguida na segunda parte da pesquisa realizou-se os trabalhos de campo, sendo que nessa fase foram coletadas as amostras para análises em laboratório; instalados os piezômetros para o monitoramento dos fluxos subsuperficiais e também instalada a estação meteorológica, para as coletas referentes às precipitações. Na terceira fase os trabalhos concentraram-se em laboratório e em gabinete, onde então foram realizadas as análises granulométricas e também a confecção do material cartográfico juntamente com a tabulação dos dados para confecção dos gráficos. Na quarta e última fase ocorreu à análise integrada dos dados, de onde então através dessa análise chegou-se aos resultados da pesquisa. No caso estudado, os resultados apontam que os principais fatores de instalação e manutenção de erosão dos túneis foram àqueles referentes às propriedades físicas da cobertura pedológica, tais como, a composição granulométrica, a forma da encosta e principalmente as condições hidrológicas. No que diz respeito à evolução do processo erosivo na referida encosta, pode-se afirmar que os túneis futuramente poderão chegar a se tornar uma voçoroca, prejudicando utilização da área.
Bolognesi, Guido. "Optical studies of micron-scale flows : holographic microscopy, optical trapping and superhydrophobicity." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00870942.
Full textMollo, Renato Alejandro Tintaya. "Fluxos de Anosov de codimensão um que são suspensões." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55135/tde-25082009-104623/.
Full textO objetivo principal desta dissertação é mostrar um resultado obtido por Plante em [12] o qual estabelece que: qualquer fluxo de Anosov de codimensão um sobre uma variedade diferenciável compacta M de dimesão maior o que 3 com grupo fundamental solúvel é topologicamente equivalente à suspensão de um automorfismo hiperbólico do toro. Este resultado mostra a conjectura de Verjovsky no caso que o grupo fundamental da variedade é um grupo solúvel. A prova deste resultado é baseada no célebre resultado de Schwartzman [15], Teorema 2.17, o qual fornece um critério para garantir a existência de seção transversal global para um fluxo não singular
Freire, Adriana Bomeny. "A arte japonesa e a Ikebana na produção de Toshiro Kawase." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/93/93131/tde-24042015-165315/.
Full textThis research intends to show Ikebana by being an esthetic manifestation of art, that been walking side by side with all stages of Art History. To understand the esthetic of Ikebana, will be demonstrated by example, the contemporary artist Toshiro Kawase, the Zen study and its characteristics. Toshiro Kawase is an artist specialized in Ikebanas Art, and his production inspired two international books: Inspired Flower Arrangements (1990) and The Book of Ikebana (2000). The Japanese art is based on emotions and expression simplicity that motivated this people to use the nature like a support to execute memorable works of art. In all parts of history of the art, in occident and in the orient at the same way, the beauty of flowers added grace and charm in peoples life. The question is: Why do Ikebanas art appeared only in Japan or related to Japanese? This research, analyses the Japanese art and its unbreakable link with religiosity, often the sacred aspect, the definition of beauty and the real functionality of the artist. This research also presents aspects of the principal objective of art, and how to do its communication purposing the perpetuation of his human experiences.
Barthelm��, Thomas. "A new Laplace operator in Finsler geometry and periodic orbits of Anosov flows." Phd thesis, Universit�� de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00742836.
Full textThalabard, Simon. "Contributions to the statistical mechanics of ideal two and a half dimensional flows." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00920982.
Full textBarthelmé, Thomas. "A new Laplace operator in Finsler geometry and periodic orbits of Anosov flows." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00660059.
Full textKoike, Amanda Cristina Ramos. "Compostos bioativos em flores comestíveis processadas por radiação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85131/tde-17082015-102839/.
Full textEdible flowers are increasingly being used in culinary preparations, being also recognized for their potential valuable effects in human health, which require new approaches to improve their conservation and safety. These highly perishable products should be grown without using any pesticide. Irradiation treatment might be the answer to these problems, ensuring food quality, increasing shelf-life and disinfestation of foods. Irradiation treatment might be the answer to these problems, to ensure food quality, to increase shelf-life and disinfestation of foods. Tropaeolum majus L. (nasturtium) and Viola tricolor L. (johnny-jump-up) flowers are widely used in culinary preparations, being also acknowledged for their antioxidant properties and high content of phenolics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dose-dependent effects of gamma and electron beam irradiation (doses of 0, 0.5, 0.8 and 1 kGy) on the antioxidant activity, phenolic compounds, physical aspects and antiproliferative potential of edible flowers. Kaempferol-O-hexoside-O-hexoside was the most abundant compound in all samples of Tropaeolum majus flower while pelargonidin-3-O-sophoroside was the major anthocyanin. In general, irradiated samples gave higher antioxidant activity, probably due to their higher amounts of phenolic compounds, which were also favored by the 1.0 kGy dose, regardless of the source . The Viola tricolor samples displayed flavonols as the most abundant phenolic compounds, particularly those derived from quercetin. In general, gamma-irradiated samples, independently of the applied dose, showed higher amounts in phenolic compounds, which were also favored by the 1.0 kGy dose, regardless of the source. The antioxidant activity was also higher among irradiated samples. The two species of edible flowers have not provided the samples did not show potential antiproliferative and cytotoxicity. Accordingly, the applied irradiation treatments seemed to represent a feasible technology to preserve the quality of edible flower petals, considering the requirements imposed by their increasing uses.
Sampaio, Pedro Ramualyson Fernandes. "Malhas fotoconversoras e concentrações de potássio via fertirrigação no cultivo de Costus lasius Loes. em ambiente protegido." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11152/tde-18012019-161826/.
Full textTropical plants have been participating of a growing portion in brazilian floriculture and in international markets, because of its exuberant and colorful forms. In this sense, the Costus lasius Loes. has stood out among ornamental plants because of its more attractive characteristics: small yellow-gold inflorescences and slightly spiraled stem, attributes that give lightness to the potted plants. However, there are few studies about this species in Brazil and mainly regarding the environmental conditions of cultivation, nutrition and fertirrigation management. The goal of this work is to evaluate the effect of different photoconverters meshes and different concentrations of potassium in the cultivation of Costus lasius in greenhouse. The experiment was conducted in an experimental area of the Plant Production Department at the School of Agriculture \"Luiz de Queiroz\", in Piracicaba, SP. Treatments were composed by a combination of five potassium concentrations in the fertigation solution (40, 80, 120, 160 and 200 mg L-1) in three different meshes (Polysak Plastic Industries Ltd): red, blue and black, with shading capacity of 50%. For each meshe color twenty-five pots were used, 75 pots in total, with two plants per pot, arranged in aluminum benches already available at the place. In this experiment were evaluated the plants growth, number of leaves, stems and inflorescences, dimensions of stems and inflorescences, leaves and inflorescences health, vessel filling index, fresh and dry matter, leaf area index, crop water stress index, chlorophyll index and accumulation of macronutrients concentrations in plant tissue. The shading with the red mesh improved the growth characteristics, number of leaves and increased the production of fresh and dry mass of costus. The K+ concentration of 200 mg L-1 in the fertigation solution is recommended to increase the fresh mass and to achieve the highest number of inflorescences, which are relevant characteristics for the specie Costus lasius as ornamental plant. The highest levels of accumulated potassium in costus inflorescences are provided by the concentration of 200 mg L-1 on the red and blue meshes; and by the concentration of 160 mg L-1 in the environment shaded with the black mesh. The dose of 200 mg L-1 of K+ associated with black mesh leads to the best results in terms of stem and inflorescence production. The cultivation of costus on the blue mesh has greater efficiency in the use of chlorophyll and in the photosynthetic process, indicating the basal layer leaves as reference for this type of evaluation. The CWSI shows great variability throughout the cycle and indicates the red mesh environment as the most likely to cause hydric stress to plants in most of the months studied.
Guy, Aurélien. "Collisional-radiative and macroscopic models for the thermochemical relaxation of non-equilibrium hypersonic flows." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00978518.
Full textFrench, Joseph Jerome. "Linkages between U.S Cross-border Portfolio Equity Flows and Equity Markets." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2007. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1075.
Full textCardin, Céline. "Etude expérimentale des phénomènes physico-chimiques de l'allumage dans des écoulements laminaires et turbulents." Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00942320.
Full textFélix, Marcel Carlos Lopes. "A ROTULAGEM AMBIENTAL COMO INSTRUMENTO DE EFETIVAÇÃO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2015. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/2749.
Full textThis dissertation has as central theme the Environmental Labeling as a tool to effectuation of Sustainable Development. The objective of this research was to discover if Environmental Labeling is an effective tool for the realization of Sustainable Development. Hypothetico-deductive method, bibliographical research and field study were used starting from the hypothesis that Environmental Labeling is known as an effectuation tool for Sustainable Development. To analyze the way in which Environmental Labeling is currently used, it was made an evolutionary history of the environmental issue and its treatment in the past years, going through a study of the environmental crisis whose objective is exclusively the Economic Growth (increase of the economy numbers), to a new model called Sustainable Development. It was presented the Sustainability concept and, then, the study of how to actualize it began. Thus, the use of two tools for the Sustainability implementation was analyzed: The Environmental Management System and the Environmental Labeling. A deeper study was performed regarding the Environmental Labels and its classifications to analyze 02 (two) Labels, the European Green Seal, The Flower, and the Brazilian one, Colibri (Hummingbird), to verify whether they intend to achieve the Sustainable Development. It was shown that the undue use of Environmental Labeling brings what is called logojungle and greenwashing, considered harmful attitudes to the environment and against Sustainability. It was concluded that the analyzed labels fulfill all the Sustainable Development s dimensions, and is a prominent factor the fact of not being mere unilateral self-declarations and having certification by a reliable state organization.
Esta Dissertação tem como tema central a Rotulagem Ambiental como instrumento de efetivação do Desenvolvimento Sustentável. O objetivo da pesquisa era descobrir se a Rotulagem Ambiental é uma efetiva ferramenta de concretização do Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Utilizou-se do método hipotético-dedutivo, pesquisa bibliográfica e estudo de campo partindo-se da hipótese de que Rotulagem Ambiental é tida como instrumento de efetivação do Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Para analisar a forma como a Rotulagem Ambiental é utilizada atualmente, fez-se um histórico evolutivo da questão ambiental e seu tratamento nos últimos anos, passando por um estudo da crise ambiental da atualidade cujo objetivo é exclusivamente o Crescimento econômico (aumentos dos números da economia), para um novo modelo chamado de Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Apresentou-se a conceituação de Sustentabilidade e passou-se ao estudo de como efetivá-la. Analisou-se, dessa forma, o uso de duas ferramentas para implementação da Sustentabilidade: o Sistema de Gestão Ambiental e a Rotulagem Ambiental. Fez-se um estudo mais aprofundado a respeito dos Rótulos Ambientais e suas classificações para que então analisar 02 (dois) Rótulos, o Selo Verde europeu A Flor (The Flower) e o brasileiro Colibri (Beija-flor), a fim de verificar se se propõem a alcançar o Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Demonstrou-se que a utilização indevida da Rotulagem Ambiental ocasiona o que se denomina logojungle e greenwashing, consideradas atitudes prejudiciais ao meio ambiente e contrárias a Sustentabilidade. Concluiu-se que os rótulos analisados preenchem todas as dimensões do Desenvolvimento Sustentável, e é um fator de destaque o fato de não serem meras autodeclarações unilaterais e terem certificação por organismo confiável estatal.