Academic literature on the topic 'Technopolitical struggles'

This article refers to the concept of nuclearity as a broader technopolitical phenomenon that implies a political and cultural configuration of technical and scientific matters. The nuclear media discourses become a site of tensions, struggles, and power relations between various institutions, social groups, and agents who seek to frame nuclear issues. The Bourdieusian concept of a field as a domain of social interaction is employed by the authors of this article seeking to reveal interactions and power configurations within and between several fields: journalism and media, economy, politics, and cultural production fields (cinematography, literature, and art). Commercial and political pressures on media raise a question about the autonomy of this field. Media coverage of nuclear issues in Lithuania during the period 2018–2020, includes media framing produced by different sponsors of the nuclear media discourses and agents from the above-mentioned fields of journalism, nuclear industry, politics, cinematography or arts. The media coverage includes the news and press releases produced within PR and public communication of the atomic energy industry by representing the decommissioning of the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant, articles written by journalists about the atomic city Visaginas, and challenges faced by the local community due to the closure of the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant. The nuclear discourse includes debates by politicians around the topic of the lack of safety of the construction of the Astravyets Nuclear Power Plant in Belarus, and media coverage of the HBO series <em>Chernobyl</em> representing a strong antinuclear narrative by portraying the Chernobyl disaster crisis and expressing strong criticism of communism. The authors of this article carried out a qualitative content analysis of media coverage on nuclear issues and revealed features of the discourse: interpretative packages, frames, framing devices (Gamson &amp; Modigliani, 1989), and dominating actors and institutions supporting the discourse.

This article draws on the notion of technopolitics to analyze the reconfiguration of collective networked action of eco-social activism, based on the study of #SOSPuebloShuar on Twitter. Through the method of social network analysis, the main political actors and their relationships are mapped, as a strategy to characterize the connective action that preconfigures a collaborative and convergent activism, based on ethno-cultural, ecological-territorial and human rights claims.

AbstractThe Iranian government's decision to nationalize its British-controlled oil industry in 1951 was a landmark case in international law. The Anglo-Iranian Oil Company and the Iranian government clashed over whether international authorities had the right to arbitrate for them in disputes over the terms of the oil concession. Scholarship in Middle East studies has overlooked the role of concession terms in shaping political disputes in the 20th century. Rather than seeing legal studies of the oil industry on one side and power struggles and resources on the other, this article examines international court proceedings at The Hague to argue that Anglo-Iranian oil transformed international law. Novel mechanisms of economic and legal governance, set up to deal with an expanded community of nation-states, worked as techniques of political power that equipped the oil corporation with the power to associate Iran's oil with foreign control while generating new forms of law and contract that undermined resource nationalism.

Abstrak Era new media yang membaawa dunia baru yang disebut dengan dunia virtual. Pada dunia virtual baru yang dibawanya, mengharuskan manusia setiap orang untuk meniscayakan dirinya mampu berinteraksi dengan berbagai media baru secara aktif. Hal ini bukan semata dilakukan sebagai penyaluran ekspresi identitas individu atau kelompok, akan tetapi yang lebih penting adalah bagaimana setiap individu atau kelompok memanfaatkan media baru sebagai tempat untuk melakukan bermacam gerakan dan pembebasan atas dirinya. Fenomena media baru tidak dapat sepenuhnya dipahami tanpa membawa masalah gender di dalamnya. Kebebasan yang ditawarkan media baru di tengah struktur sosial masyarakat memberikan pengaruh kepada produktifitas ruang dan gender. Feminisme telah menemukan peluang dalam media baru sebagai jalan perjuangan mereka menembus patriarkhi dan dominasi maskulinitas dengan merealisasikannya sebagai cyberfeminism. Cyberfeminism berupaya memberi gambaran yang jelas mengenai relasi antara teknologi dengan peran perempuan di dalamnya. Media baru telah memberikan ruangan besar dan luas bagi cyberfeminism dengan arenanya cyberspace. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptis, dengan menjadikan sumber-sumber kepustakaan (library research) sebagai sumber data primer dan sekundernya, maka tulisan ini bertujuan hendak memberikan gambaran mengenai konsep cyberfeminism baik di dunia maupun cyberfeminism di Indonesia khususnya berikut dengan isu, tantangan dan peluang yang dapat diambil perempuan dalam memainkan perannya di tengah iklim teknopolitik modern. Kata Kunci: Cyberfeminism, Feminism, New Media, Cyberspace, Gender Abstract The new media era brought a new world called the virtual world. In the new virtual world that it brings, it requires everyone to be able to interact with various new media actively. This is not only done as an expression of individual or group identity, but what is more important is how each individual or group uses new media as a place to carry out various movements and liberate themselves. The phenomenon of new media cannot be fully understood without bringing gender issues into it. The freedom that new media offers in the midst of the social structure of society has an influence on the productivity of space and gender. Feminism has found opportunities in new media as a way of their struggle to penetrate patriarchy and masculinity domination by realizing it as cyberfeminism. Cyberfeminism seeks to provide a clear picture of the relationship between technology and the role of women in it. New media has provided a large and wide room for cyberfeminism with the arena of cyberspace. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, using library research sources as the primary and secondary data sources, this paper aims to provide an overview of the concept of cyberfeminism both in the world and cyberfeminism in Indonesia in particular along with issues, challenges and opportunities that can be taken. women in playing their role in the midst of the modern technopolitical climate. Keywords: Cyberfeminism, Feminism, New Media, Cyberspace, Gender

This introduction to the special issue on ‘the technopolitics of security’ outlines key concepts and engages debates pertaining to the relationship between techno-materiality, security governance and struggles over sovereignty. ‘Technopolitics’ refers to the strategic practice of designing and using technologies to enact political goals, producing hybrid forms of power that combine cultural, institutional and technological dimensions. These technopolitical practices give rise to new forms of agency, producing effects unintended by their designers that may alter logics of political contestation and allow technologies to be reappropriated for different political purposes. To illustrate the distributed forms of agency and contingent encounters that the technopolitics approach evokes, the article develops three key aspects of technopolitics in its relationship to security governance: (1) an understanding of agency as distributed between human and non-human actors, but also asymmetric in that human intentionality plays an assembling role that is frequently overrun by the unintended effects; (2) the temporal horizons of imagination and action over which technopolitical interventions unfold, identifying the importance of logics of anticipation and eventization; and (3) the relationship between technopolitics and sovereignty, arguing that it encourages a decentred and materialized understanding of how claims to sovereignty are made and contested.

En este artículo presentamos los resultados del análisis de las movilizaciones feministas ocurridas en México alrededor del 8 de marzo de 2021 a partir del seguimiento de tres hashtags que articularon una serie de acciones tecnocomunicativas de intervención y discusión sociodigital: #LeyOlimpia, #UnVioladorNoSeráGobernador y #TomaLasCallesNoCalles. El objetivo fue mostrar el despliegue de estas formas de tecnopolítica a través de una etnografía en red que nos permitió identificar nodos, actores, núcleos de relaciones y narrativas clave. Frente a contextos políticos y sociales de violencia, normalización e impunidad, mediante lo que proponemos denominar contiendas multicampo, las acciones feministas nombran y visibilizan problemas superpuestos que forman parte de una agenda urgente de interpelación al poder en los espacios en y fuera de línea. Los resultados nos permiten reflexionar sobre los muros ante las protestas.