Journal articles on the topic 'Technological spillover'
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1
Carlisle, E. R. "Spillover Asymmetries and a Comparative Technological Advantage." American Economist 36, no. 1 (March 1992): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/056943459203600103.
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This paper offers a framework for examining technology spillovers extant between research teams. A policy-relevant finding is that firms' research organizations must strive to absorb foreign technology. The result of a technology spillover imbalance or asymmetry is that from a country or policy perspective, even for countries sustaining a superior number of world-class research teams, a comparative technological advantage may be lost if the domestic R/D teams fail to absorb and exploit technology as aggressively as foreign rivals.
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Usman, Muhammad, Gulnaz Hameed, Abdul Saboor, and Khuram Nawaz. "Technological Spillovers, Manufacturing Growth and Transboundary Pollution in Case of Pakistan." Journl of Applied Economics and Business Studies 4, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.34260/jaebs.422.
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Role of technological spillover in manufacturing sector growth and climate change is the running debate in the world to avoid the problem of production inefficiency and environmental damages. Environment friendly technological spillover plays pivotal role in manufacturing sector growth which leads to economic growth. In order to investigate the inconclusiveness of the major issues of production inefficiency and climate change in Pakistan the current research was aimed at finding the relationship between technological spillovers, manufacturing growth and climate change. To meet the objectives, the study investigated both short run and long run dynamics by employing Autoregressive Distributive Lagged (ARDL) model. An annual time series data over the period of 1973 to 2017 was collected for comparative analysis of technological spillover performance in manufacturing sector and environmental condition of the country. The results of CUSM test and Bound test validated the existence of long run co-integration relationship among estimated models. The results demonstrated that technological spillover performs significantly positive role in manufacturing growth with less absorptive ability. The empirical analysis proved that technological spillover and imported technology have affirmative role in reducing amount of net Carbon emission over the long run. It is suggested that the firms should adopt innovative technologies and try to improve absorptive capacity while government must opt country specific policies to control negative externalities.
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Wang, Mengzhen, and Baekryul Choi. "An Analysis of the Impact of International R&D Spillovers and Technology Innovation in China." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (January 19, 2023): 1968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15031968.
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To test the impact of international R&D spillovers on China’s technological innovation, we collect and use province-country-level data from 23 provinces from 2001 to 2020 to fill a measurement gap of international R&D spillovers, so that our measurement can avoid ‘aggregation bias’ unlike the calculation methods in previous studies. We find that imports act as an effective international R&D spillover channel for improving technological innovation. Meanwhile, international R&D spillover through inward FDI and imports positively promotes China’s innovation performance. It suggests to policymakers that continuing to open up the economy and attract high-quality inward FDI is still required. Moreover, our results confirm that the eastern region enjoys a more significant international R&D spillover effect because of a more effective innovation environment. Hence, we suggest that given the inherent short board in the central and western regions, preferential policies to make up for this short board should be proposed to improve the innovation environment in the inland regions so as to enjoy a more significant international R&D spillover effect. Finally, we also observe that different periods of economic growth and the development levels of source countries also result in heterogeneous innovation impacts of international R&D spillover effects.
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Keller, Wolfgang. "Geographic Localization of International Technology Diffusion." American Economic Review 92, no. 1 (February 1, 2002): 120–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282802760015630.
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Income convergence across countries turns on whether technological knowledge spillovers are global or local. I estimate the amount of spillovers from R&D expenditures on a geographic basis, using a new data set which encompasses most of the world's innovative activity between 1970 and 1995. I find that technology is to a substantial degree local, not global, as the benefits from spillovers are declining with distance. The distance at which the amount of spillovers is halved is about 1,200 kilometers. I also find that over time, technological knowledge has become considerably more global. Moreover, language skills are important for spillover diffusion.
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Sabbadin, Elisa, Ivan De Noni, and Fiorenza Belussi. "Cross-border acquisitions and technological spillover: evidence from European regional clusters." Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal 32, no. 5 (November 10, 2022): 821–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cr-11-2021-0166.
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Purpose Relying on mergers and acquisition transaction-level data set and adopting a more region-specific approach with a focus on industry-region pairs, this paper aims to examine how cross-border acquisitions (CBAs) have an effect, in terms of technological spillover and collaboration, on European regional clusters. Design/methodology/approach Adopting an industry-region pair approach, this study is based on a quantitative analysis of regional clusters belonging to 262 European regions and 25 patenting industries. Different thresholds of industrial specialization are used to identify clustering industries within a region. Invention performance at the regional cluster level is defined through two sets of different measurements to assess the impact of CBAs on invention quantity performance and internal and external technological collaboration. Findings The results reveal that CBAs have a positive and significant impact on the number of patents as well as the number of internal and external technological collaborations and that this effect is persistent over time. Furthermore, through exploring the interindustry technological spillover effect of CBAs registered in the same region of a cluster but outside the cluster itself, the authors found that CBAs in a regional cluster are inclined to produce technological spillovers within the cluster but no significant effects in the other industries of the region. Originality/value This paper is an attempt to empirically explore CBAs and technological spillover in European regional clusters. Therefore, it contributes to the debate, thanks to the use of an industry-region pair approach.
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Liao, Tsai-Ju. "Clusters, technological knowledge spillovers, and performance." Management Decision 53, no. 2 (March 16, 2015): 469–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-09-2014-0560.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the cluster effect by decomposing the broad category of “clusters” into cluster size and technological knowledge spillovers. Further, this study questions whether all foreign firms benefit equally from participation in geographic clusters. Specifically, the paper examines the moderating roles of local ownership ties and a local market orientation with respect to the benefits of cluster size and technological knowledge spillover. Design/methodology/approach – Using the Database of Enterprises in China, this study examines a sample of 2,200 Taiwanese manufacturing firms operating in China from 2005 to 2007. Findings – The paper found that increased cluster size and technological knowledge spillovers help to enhance foreign firms’ financial performance. The analysis also shows that local ownership ties and a local market orientation have a positive moderating effect on the relationship between cluster size, technological knowledge spillovers, and performance. Originality/value – This study distinguishes between the effects of cluster size and technological knowledge spillovers, which is an important step toward demystifying the “black box” of cluster benefits. Further, due to the liability of foreignness and the lack of legitimacy that foreign firms face when operating in emerging economies, this study integrates the cluster perspective and the legitimacy perspective to discuss whether foreign firms can actively adopt strategic behaviors that will help to improve their legitimacy and enable them to better capture potential cluster benefits.
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Pradeep, V., Mita Bhattacharya, and Jong-Rong Chen. "Spillover Effects of Research and Development, Exports and Foreign Investment on Productivity." Journal of South Asian Development 12, no. 1 (April 2017): 18–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973174117700467.
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The economic reforms in India since the early 1990s have aimed to improve the productivity and competitiveness of major industries. This article examines direct and indirect (spillover) effects from research and development (R&D), exporting activities and foreign direct investment (FDI) on the productivity of foreign and domestic manufacturing firms. Our empirical model employs data from over 1,000 Indian manufacturing firms between 1994 and 2008. With a balanced panel, robust estimation techniques including generalized method of moment (GMM) and system-GMM (sys-GMM) are employed for our empirical analysis. In most cases, our findings indicate that foreign presence has a significant positive spillover effect on the productivity of Indian manufacturing firms when compared to alternative spillovers from R&D and export initiatives. The spillover effects may vary due to R&D efforts and exporting activities. We also find that spillovers may vary between FDI and non-FDI firms and with the technological advances of industries.
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Pittiglio, Rosanna, Filippo Reganati, and Edgardo Sica. "Vertical spillovers from multinational enterprises: Does technological gap matter?" Panoeconomicus 63, no. 3 (2016): 313–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan1603313p.
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Foreign direct investment (FDI) from Multinational enterprises (MNEs) can augment the productivity of domestic firms insofar as knowledge ?spills over? from foreign investors to local producers. The capacity of local companies to exploit knowledge from MNEs can be affected by the technology gap between foreign and local enterprises at both horizontal (in the same industry) and vertical (in different industries) level. Whereas most of the empirical literature has focused exclusively on the analysis of horizontal and backward spillovers (i.e. between MNEs and local suppliers), the present paper also examines the relationship between FDI-related spillovers and technological gap in the Italian manufacturing sector at forward level (i.e. between MNEs and local buyers). Results suggest that at both intra-industry and forward level, the technological gap is of considerable importance for the spillover effect, particularly in the case of low-medium gap.
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Aldieri, Luigi, and Concetto Paolo Vinci. "Firm Size and Sustainable Innovation: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis." Sustainability 11, no. 10 (May 15, 2019): 2775. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11102775.
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This paper explores the relationship between firm size and sustainable innovation in large international firms. To this end, we develop a labor demand framework. The contribution to the literature is to explore external knowledge in determining the employment impact of sustainable innovation. Our investigation is based on firms in three economic areas: Europe, Japan, and the United States. In this way, we will appreciate the extent to which the technological spillovers are important from a geographical perspective. The findings provide evidence of the significance of spillover effects on a firm’s size; however, these effects depend on the spillover stock type.
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Yang, Xiao Wei. "Research on the Technology Spillovers Effect of Import in the Yangtze Delta Region." Applied Mechanics and Materials 631-632 (September 2014): 1263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.631-632.1263.
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Import is an effective way to absorb technology spillovers. This paper firstly uses cointegration theory to analyze the technology spillover effect of import in the Yangtze Delta Region. The results show that import plays an important role in technological progress in the Yangtze Delta Region. Finally, this paper points out the policy implications of the above findings.
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He, Ming, Yang Chen, and Ron Schramm. "Technological spillovers in space and firm productivity: Evidence from China’s electric apparatus industry." Urban Studies 55, no. 11 (August 31, 2017): 2522–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098017720338.
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Using a spatial econometric model this article studies the determinants and spatial spillovers of firm productivity in China’s electric apparatus industry over the period of 1999–2007. We apply Kelejian’s FE-2SLS procedure to a higher-order spatial autoregressive model and estimate the spatial dependence of firm-level TFP within and across regional borders. The model demonstrates positive and significant intra-regional technological spillovers among firms. It also provides direct evidence that technological spillovers attenuate rapidly in spatial distance. We find that firm productivity benefits from own R&D and export activities, employment density, market competition and public expenditure. Further analyses show that the strength of spillover effects is affected by a broad range of factors, including the surface area of the region, administration type, border effect, transport and ICT infrastructure, FDI intensity, the financial sector, the utility service sector, and human capital. Factors that facilitate long-distance economic connections in general make inter-regional spillovers stronger but intra-regional spillovers weaker.
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Yang, Yong-cong, and Pu-yan Nie. "Subsidy for clean innovation considered technological spillover." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 184 (November 2022): 121941. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121941.
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Xu, Quan Sheng. "Comparative Study on Regional Differences of FDI Technology Spillover Effects and Influencing Factors." Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (June 2014): 3076–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.3076.
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as a complex of capital, technology and management, FDI has become the focus of attention of many scholars. It is important for technological progress, industrial upgrading and economic growth mode transformation to optimize the quality of foreign investment and enhance FDI technology spillovers, On the base of foreign direct investment theories, it empirically analyzes regional differences of FDI technology spillover effects and explores the causes, and then finds the problems in the use of FDI in China's three major regions, particularly in central and western regions, and ultimately provide a reference for optimizing the use of FDI and enhancing the spillover effects of FDI on domestic enterprises.
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Markauskas, Mantas, and Asta Baliute. "Modelling Technological Progress Evaluation: Case of Lithuanian Manufacturing Industry." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 11, no. 6 (November 21, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/mjss-2020-0058.
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The goal for this research is to build a framework for analysis of technological spillover effect between sectors in Lithuanian manufacturing industry and assess whether predictors of the created model closely follow dynamic fluctuations of technological progress assessed values. Analysis of academic literature suggested using Granger causality test and vector autoregression (VAR) model to analyze intersectoral technological progress spillover effect in any manufacturing industry. Granger causality test can suggest a potential relationship between technological progress values of particular sectors in manufacturing industry while VAR model can define the exact form and extent of spillover effect. VAR models identify presence of intersectoral technological spillover effect in case of 15 out of 18 sectors in Lithuanian manufacturing industry. In case of a few sectors error terms of VAR models are not stationary suggesting that additional exogenous variables need to be included to increase accuracy of estimated coefficients before these models can be used in further analysis. After minor changes presented VAR models can be used for sensitivity analysis analyzing how changes in different sectoral level parameters affect economic development of manufacturing industry as a whole.
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Ren, Xiaosong, Xuting Wu, Yujia Liu, and Sha Sun. "The Spatial Spillover Effect of Environmental Regulation and Technological Innovation on Industrial Carbon Productivity in China: A Two-Dimensional Structural Heterogeneity Analysis." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (October 27, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5613525.
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Environmental regulation and technological innovation are two crucial factors for improving industrial carbon productivity. However, prior research ignored the spatial spillover effects of these factors, and heterogeneity caused by industrialization level and resource dependence did not acquire attention either. Thus, we use the STIRPAT model and spatial panel Durbin model to study the spatial spillover effects of two independent variables. Then, a two-dimensional structural heterogeneity analysis is conducted according to the industrialization level and resource dependence. The results are as follows: improving environmental regulation and technological innovation is good for industrial carbon productivity. Simultaneously, there are obvious regional differences under two-dimensional structural heterogeneity. From the perspective of space, industrial carbon productivity has high spatial autocorrelation, and it can be enhanced through local environmental legislation, as well as technological innovation. Environmental regulation’s spatial spillover impact inhibits the improvement of industrial carbon productivity in surrounding provinces, resulting in a pollution haven effect. However, there is no evident regional spillover effect of technological innovation. Therefore, we provided new perspectives from spatial spillover and structural heterogeneity to optimize low-carbon policies.
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Cheng, Pengfei, Xiaofeng Wang, Baekryul Choi, and Xingang Huan. "Green Finance, International Technology Spillover and Green Technology Innovation: A New Perspective of Regional Innovation Capability." Sustainability 15, no. 2 (January 6, 2023): 1112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15021112.
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Regional green technological progress is an important driver of regional green technology innovations. To explore in depth the impact of green finance and international technology spillover on regional green technology innovation, this study incorporates green finance, international technology spillover, and green technology innovation into the same analytical framework. In addition, based on a new perspective of regional innovation capabilities, this study analyzes the impact of green finance and international green technology spillovers on green technology innovation. The data were collected in 30 Chinese provinces from 2003 to 2019 and analyzed by a panel fixed-effects model. The interaction between green finance, international technology spillover, and regional innovation capability was investigated to understand the impact of each interaction on green technology innovation. Second, regional innovation capability was used as an intermediary variable to identify its underlying mechanism. Finally, the spatial spillover effect of green technology innovation was analyzed using the spatial Durbin model. We found that: (1) green finance, import trade, outward foreign direct investment (OFDI), and regional innovation capability can promote regional green technology innovation, while inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) has an inhibitory effect on the innovation; (2) the interaction of green finance, international technology spillovers, and regional innovation capacity positively impacts green technology innovation; (3) green finance and international technology spillovers can promote green technology innovation by promoting regional innovation capabilities; (4) and green technology innovations have spatial spillover effects, and innovations in one region can promote the growth of green technologies in adjacent regions. This study provides a reference not only for China but also for other developing countries to promote green technology advancement and achieve sustainable development goals.
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Vinci, Concetto Paolo, and Luigi Aldieri. "Firms’ Innovation in Waste Management and Land Fertilizers within the Triad." International Journal of Business and Management 12, no. 8 (July 18, 2017): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v12n8p120.
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In this paper we investigate agricultural innovation in three economic areas: the USA, Japan and Europe, taking into account simultaneously both the spatial and technological dimensions.In particular, we introduce a theoretical framework and an empirical analysis based upon a dataset composed of worldwide R&D-intensive firms to discuss the role of spillover components in the waste management efficiency at firm level. The technological relatedness between the firms is computed through an original Mahalanobis Environmental industry weight matrix, based on the construction of technological vectors for each firm. Methodologically, from one hand, we explore the extent to which knowledge spillovers are important through spatial analysis procedure and from the other hand, we measure the effects of technology spillovers on firms’ productivity through econometric methods to handle heterogeneity and endogenous explanatory variables. The findings show a positive impact of Jacobian R&D spillovers on firms’ productivity and environmental performance and this result can be relevant repercussions in terms of policy implications.
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Markauskas, Mantas, and Asta Baliute. "Technological progress spillover effect in Lithuanian manufacturing industry." Equilibrium 16, no. 4 (December 10, 2021): 783–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/eq.2021.029.
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Research background: Various methods for technological progress assessment and evaluation exist in the context of economic development. Each of the methods possesses distinct advantages and disadvantages in analysis of technological progress fluctuations. For most neoclassical growth theories, technological progress measures are included as exogenous variables, thus excluding evaluation of factors influencing technological progress variation throughout time.
Purpose of the article: The aim of this article is to offer improvements on classical technological progress evaluation methodologies for manufacturing industries, separating effect of intersectoral technological progress spillover effect from internal factors influencing technological progress growth and perform analysis in the case of Lithuanian manufacturing industry.
Methods: Earlier research papers used linear time series regression and vector autoregression methods to assess technological progress values and define equations explaining effect of different manufacturing level indicators on technological progress measure growth. This research paper uses results of previously mentioned methods and performs simulation analysis applying agent-based modelling framework.
Findings & value added: The conducted vector autoregression analysis has showed that two variables which influence technological progress most significantly are labor productivity measure and gross profit value. Sensitivity analysis emphasizes that effect of these two variables on technological progress growth is substantially different. Increase in gross profit value affects technological progress growth for wider range of sectors from Lithuanian manufacturing industry (15 out of 18 analyzed sectors? technological progress measure values are affected by changes in gross profit, while changes in labor productivity influence technological progress values in the case of 9 sectors). Rising gross profit values also produce intersectoral technological progress spillover effect more significantly, while growth in labor productivity measure has stronger effect on technological progress fluctuations for sectors which are able to exploit this effect. Presented research suggests improved methodology for intersectoral technological progress spillover effect assessment in the context of manufacturing industries.
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Liu, Chengliang, and Qingbin Guo. "Technology Spillover Effect in China: The Spatiotemporal Evolution and Its Drivers." Sustainability 11, no. 6 (March 21, 2019): 1694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061694.
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Under the background of global economic integration, the technology spillover effect is playing a more and more important role in the technological progress of developing countries. In this circumstance, this paper conducted an in-depth analysis on the 12-year spatial-temporal evolution of the international technology spillover effect and its driving determinants in China during the period of 2003 to 2014. Analytical results highlighted that: (1) As a whole, the international technology spillover effect in general has shown an upward trend in China, except in 2008 and 2012, which are observed as deep-V plunge variations. The plunge in 2008 was more dramatic. After 2011, the growth rate of international technology spillover effect from international import trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) respects slowed obviously down. (2) The spatial distribution of the international technology spillover effect from FDI in China transferred from the ribbon-like pattern to the flake-like pattern, while the effect from import trade held steady with little difference in regional spatial distribution. (3) From the drivers, human capital, economic development, trade openness, and institutional factors promoted the technological spillover effect of import trade channels positively, and financial development, human capital, economic development, and institutional factors promoted the technological spillover effect of FDI channels positively.
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Chen, Jing, and Liyuan Hu. "Does Environmental Regulation Drive Economic Growth through Technological Innovation: Application of Nonlinear and Spatial Spillover Effect." Sustainability 14, no. 24 (December 8, 2022): 16455. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142416455.
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Based on provincial dynamic panel data from 2010 to 2019, this paper constructs a panel threshold model and explores the nonlinear relationship between environmental regulation and economic growth through channels of technological innovation. In addition, a spatial panel Durbin model is constructed to test the spatial spillover effects of environmental regulation and technological innovation on economic growth. The results show that environmental regulation has a significant positive impact on economic growth through channels of technological innovation. The interaction between environmental regulation and technological innovation has a single threshold effect on economic growth. When the intensity of environmental regulation exceeds the critical value, environmental regulation will change from promoting economic growth to inhibiting economic growth through channels of technological innovation. Environmental regulation has negative spatial spillover effect on economic growth of neighboring regions, while technological innovation has positive spatial spillover effect on economic growth of neighboring regions.
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Mohamad Yunus, Norhanishah, and Norehan Abdullah. "EFFECT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ON LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY." Malaysian Management Journal 26 (July 31, 2022): 55–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/mmj2022.26.3.
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This study has utilised the Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) estimator method to explore the spillover effects of “technology” and “knowledge” from foreign direct investment (FDI) on Malaysian labour productivity. The study focus was on Malaysian medium-low technology and low-technology industries from 2000 to 2018. The findings showed that the presence of FDI spillovers as diffusion channels that increased labour productivity were greater through “technology effects” compared to “learning effects” for both types of industries. A cross-comparison of the results on technological spillovers between investor countries revealed that Singaporean and Japanese multinational corporations (MNCs) contributed the most significant technological effects in increasing Malaysian labour productivity, with the effects being most noticeable was in low-technology industries. These findings seem to suggest that the spillover effects of FDI are still concentrated in sectors with low-capacity technologies that commensurate with the required level of workforce capability. The negative relationship between “knowledge” spillovers and productivity found in this study seems to illustrate that the absorptive capacity of local workers to absorb high-skill-based technology from MNCs is still at a low level in both types of industries. This study has recommended that strategies and mechanisms should be devised accordingly to assist MNCs in their effort to improve knowledge and technology transfers, while simultaneously acknowledging the constraints of human factors, absorptive capacity, competition for resources or ethical dilemmas and cultural barriers.
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Untura, Galina A., Maria A. Kaneva, and Olga N. Moroshkina. "Phenomenon of Structural-Technological Proximity and Knowledge Spillovers between Russian Regions." Economy of Region 16 (December 2020): 1254–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2020-4-17.
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International theoretical and empirical studies have shown that regional development and economic growth largely depend on spatial and non-spatial proximity of regions, which generates knowledge spillovers. We developed a methodological approach to measuring and visualising spatial and structural-technological proximity affecting regional knowledge spillovers. Moreover, we tested the techniques of the cartographic visualisation of the proximity of Russian regions. Further, we analysed foreign and domestic approaches to studying spatial and non-spatial proximity and obtained new results. We described the stages constituting a methodology for the quantitative assessment of different types of regional proximity. Additionally, we proposed a method for constructing a typology of regions based on the coefficients of the non-spatial proximity matrix, calculated according to the indicator “gross value added” for 15 sectors of the Russian National Classifier of Economic Activities (OKVED) for Russian regions. Using the data for the Novosibirsk region in 2005 and 2016, we applied methodological techniques for measuring and visualising geographical and structural-technological proximity (STB) of a region in relation to other constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The Novosibirsk region is located in the middle of the country and has a diversified structure of economic activities and science. For this particular region, there has been an increase in the likelihood of the emergence of knowledge spillover channels with various European regions of Russia and some regions of the Urals and the Far East. Proximity matrices can be used in econometric studies to test hypotheses about the impact of different forms of proximity on regional economic growth. Recommendations to enhance knowledge spillover coincide with the proposals to support the areas of innovative development stated in The Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025.
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Untura, Galina A., Maria A. Kaneva, and Olga N. Moroshkina. "Phenomenon of Structural-Technological Proximity and Knowledge Spillovers between Russian Regions." Economy of Region 16 (December 2020): 1254–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2020-4-17.
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International theoretical and empirical studies have shown that regional development and economic growth largely depend on spatial and non-spatial proximity of regions, which generates knowledge spillovers. We developed a methodological approach to measuring and visualising spatial and structural-technological proximity affecting regional knowledge spillovers. Moreover, we tested the techniques of the cartographic visualisation of the proximity of Russian regions. Further, we analysed foreign and domestic approaches to studying spatial and non-spatial proximity and obtained new results. We described the stages constituting a methodology for the quantitative assessment of different types of regional proximity. Additionally, we proposed a method for constructing a typology of regions based on the coefficients of the non-spatial proximity matrix, calculated according to the indicator “gross value added” for 15 sectors of the Russian National Classifier of Economic Activities (OKVED) for Russian regions. Using the data for the Novosibirsk region in 2005 and 2016, we applied methodological techniques for measuring and visualising geographical and structural-technological proximity (STB) of a region in relation to other constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The Novosibirsk region is located in the middle of the country and has a diversified structure of economic activities and science. For this particular region, there has been an increase in the likelihood of the emergence of knowledge spillover channels with various European regions of Russia and some regions of the Urals and the Far East. Proximity matrices can be used in econometric studies to test hypotheses about the impact of different forms of proximity on regional economic growth. Recommendations to enhance knowledge spillover coincide with the proposals to support the areas of innovative development stated in The Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025.
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Li, Wu Wei. "Do International Technological Spillovers Facilitate Regional Innovation Performance in China? Evidence from the Provincial Panel Data." Advanced Materials Research 108-111 (May 2010): 1308–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.108-111.1308.
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Based on the provincial panel data put forward by National Bureau of Statistics of China, over the period 2000-2006, this paper empirically investigates the impacts of different channels for international technological spillovers on regional innovation performance, using regional innovation performance as dependent variable, and the channels for international technological spillovers as independent variables. The empirical results in this paper indicate that learning-by-exporting and learning-by-importing have positive effects on regional innovation performance in China, and that foreign R&D activities by multinational enterprises in China have positive and statistically significant effects on regional innovation performance. In addition, absorptive capability is an important driving factor for increasing the regional innovation performance in China. Research results indicate that both international technological spillover sources and indigenous efforts, including domestic R&D intensity and absorptive capacity jointly determine the regional innovation performance in China.
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Chen, Pei-Pei, and Rangan Gupta. "Openness, technological spillovers in the r&d sector and economic growth." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 13, no. 1 (May 4, 2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v13i1.194.
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Recent studies have pointed out that trade liberalisation leads to technological spillovers, which tend to improve the efficiency of the domestic research and development (R&D) sector, and ultimately boost economic growth. In this paper, we theoretically formalise the above mentioned relationship between trade openness and growth, via knowledge spillover in the R&D sector. We show that, under certain conditions, an increase in the degree of openness not only enhances growth, but also improves the standard of living. The study, thus, prescribes policies of developing and improving the domestic R&D sector in order to reap the benefits of trade liberalisation.
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Yang, Liming, Yanxia Chen, and Xiuju Gao. "Spatial Spillover Effect of Digital-Finance-Driven Technology Innovation Level Based on BP Neural Network." Sustainability 15, no. 2 (January 6, 2023): 1052. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15021052.
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The spillover effect of technological innovation has a huge role in promoting the development of the regional economy. In the process of economic development, financial agglomeration is becoming increasingly common. Based on the back-propagation neural network, this paper analyzed the spatial spillover effect of technological innovation driven by digital finance. This paper proposed the use of Matlab for the training analysis of back-propagation neural networks. Results show that the previous warning analysis results are reasonable. Conclusion analysis was then conducted. The mechanism and influence of digital finance in promoting regional technological innovation were analyzed in terms of supply and demand. The supply side mainly alleviated the problem of financing constraints, while the demand side mainly affected the consumption behavior of residents, and both sides jointly promoted regional technological innovation. Among the regional differences in the degree of financial agglomeration, the differences within and between groups were calculated and compared, and they comprehensively reflected the development status of financial agglomeration. The results show that the total number of patents in city D was less than that in city C in the past four years, but the annual growth rate was very fast, especially in 2020, reaching 40%. Therefore, the innovation environment of City D was continuously improving, and the innovation activities are becoming increasingly active. Moreover, data and financial innovation technology have a strong spatial spillover effect. This paper aimed to study the spatial spillover effect of digital-finance-driven technological innovation based on BP neural network, which contributes to the spatial spillover effect of digital-finance-driven technological innovation.
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Guo, Jin, Bingmei Gu, Xialing Sun, Jinli Xue, and Baiyun Yuan. "Communication Barrier, Spillover Effect and Industrial-Technological Innovation." Sustainability 11, no. 18 (September 5, 2019): 4841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11184841.
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Industrial-technological innovation (ITI) has far-reaching significance for China’s sustainable development. In this study, we construct an ITI model to analyze the impact of communication barrier and spillover effects in ITI system from the perspective of system by means of system dynamics. Statistical data of smartphone industry were collected to verify the authenticity of the model, which show that the model has higher goodness of fit with the real-world. Simulation experiments were carried out and the results showed that: (1) Spillover effects have obvious effects on ITI in both positive and negative radiation directions, and deeper exchanges and cooperation should be encouraged to carry out among firm. (2) Communication barrier play an important role in regulating ITI. Under the condition of non-barrier and complete-barrier, the completion time of the whole process has increased by 76.5%, it is urgent to reduce communication carrier. The research puts forward suggestions to help improve ITI from institutional, market, and government.
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Masahiro Nakagawa and Chihiro Watanabe. "Roles of Exogenous Technologies in Vehicle Innovation: Cases from a Japan’s Automotive Parts Manufacturing Firm." Journal of Technology Management for Growing Economies 8, no. 1 (April 26, 2017): 93–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/jtmge.2017.81004.
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This paper explores the roles of technological innovations in the growth of Japan’s motor vehicle industry, mainly from technology spillover perspective from the early 2000s to today. An empirical analysis focusing on business performances, R&D investments, and patent applications taking a noteworthy unique case in Japan was attempted. Empirical analyses on the productivity of patent to technology stock, use of exogenous technologies for their own technological innovation on its Automotive Business Unit elucidated that innovation capabilities, incorporation of exogenous technologies, and profit generation makes a virtuous cycle of continuous technological innovation. Furthermore, we found that the range of technology spillovers is not only expanding along with the development of information communication technology but also superposing itself intricately between organizational (industry– firm–business unit) layers.
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Fedorova, E., and Y. Barikhina. "Assessing horizontal and Vertical Spillover Effects from Foreign Direct Investment in Russia." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 3 (March 20, 2015): 46–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2015-3-46-60.
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FDI is believed to be very helpful for the national economy’s development. It is expected to increase the profitability and productivity of domestic companies. The analysis of balance sheets of Russian enterprises shows that for the period2004-2012 foreign investment caused horizontal and vertical spillovers in economic sectors. But this impact is ambiguous. Econometric modeling establishes the significant positive role of backward spillover. This means that national suppliers gain benefits from international interaction and become more effective due to technological and knowledge inflow from abroad.
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Karahan, Özcan, and Olcay Çolak. "Foreign Direct Investment and Productivity Growth in Eastern European Countries." International Journal of Business and Economic Sciences Applied Research 14, no. 3 (January 2022): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.25103/ijbesar.143.02.
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Purpose: Our study aims to investigate the technological spillover effects of Foreign Direct Investment flows to Eastern European Countries. This study has guided by new growth theories arguing that Foreign Direct Investment has a significant potential for improving the productivity growth rate of host countries through technology transfer. Design/methodology/approach: The impact of potential spillover effects associated with FDI flows on productivity growth has been examined by constructing the baseline specification of which Gersl et al. (2007) and Stancik (2009) based on Cobb-Douglas type production function. Through the baseline model, we performing conventional linear panel data models namely the fixed effect and random effect. For the robustness of the empirical findings, we also employ a dynamic panel data estimator in the framework of the GMM technique. Findings: Results based on the fixed effect estimator show that there are no horizontal and forward spillovers while positive backward spillovers prevail in both manufacturing and services sectors, that is also confirmed by the findings of the dynamic panel data (GMM) estimator. Research limitations/implications: Our findings regarding the presence of positive backward spillovers versus the absence of horizontal and forward spillovers are consistent with the results of most empirical studies dealing with Eastern European Countries. However, our study has also revealed that these results do not differ between the manufacturing and service sectors in Eastern European Countries. Originality/value: In the literature focusing on Eastern European Countries, many studies investigate the presence of the spillover effect by not making a distinction between the manufacturing and services sectors. Our study is one of the first to examine how spillovers from FDI affect domestic firms in two different sectors namely manufacturing and services. Thus, this study contributes to related literature by showing whether the spillovers from FDI exist differently in the manufacturing and services sector or not.
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Liu, Yunlong, Leiyu Chen, and Chengfeng Huang. "Study on the Carbon Emission Spillover Effects of Transportation under Technological Advancements." Sustainability 14, no. 17 (August 25, 2022): 10608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141710608.
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Regional transportation emissions reduction is the key to realizing deep emission reduction and the neutralization of transportation. Transportation development is accompanied by technological progress, and inter-regional transportation technological progress and carbon emission spillover effects are issues worthy of study. Based on the 2011–2020 provincial data of 30 provinces and cities in China, a spatial Durbin model was constructed to explore the impact of technological progress on regional spillovers of carbon emissions and the driving effect of emissions reduction. The conclusions show that the “community effect” causes direct interactions between transportation carbon emissions reduction practices in various provinces; the “acquired effect” and “leakage effect” drive technological progress between regions and cause indirect interactions between transportation carbon emissions reduction practices; transportation technology progress is more likely to occur between regions with similar transportation development. Finally, some suggestions are put forward in terms of establishing a mechanism for the coordinated reduction of regional carbon emissions, strengthening the interactions and economic connections between inter-regional transportation technologies, optimizing the spatial layout of transportation infrastructure, and building a low-carbon transportation system, so as to lay a solid foundation for the coordinated reduction of regional transportation carbon emissions.
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TSAI, BI-HUEI, and HUANG WEN CHEN. "INNOVATION CHARACTERISTICS, INDUSTRIAL CLUSTERS, AND INTRA-INDUSTRY SPILLOVER EFFECTS IN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT INDUSTRY." International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management 10, no. 04 (August 2013): 1350020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021987701350020x.
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Since Taiwan and U.S. integrated circuit (IC) industries cluster in Hsinchu Science Industrial Park (HSIP) and Silicon Valley, respectively, these IC firms can easily imitate any innovation through the interactions among intra-industry firms. The contribution of intra-industry innovation development to firms' technological advancement is defined as the "spillover effect". This paper compares how the innovation characteristics and industrial clustering influence the spillover effects. The results show the research and development (R&D) spillover effects in IC manufacturing, packaging and testing industries appear evidently greater than those in IC design industry, while the patent spillover effect exhibits greater for IC design industry than for the other IC industries. Similar production stages in IC manufacturing, packaging and testing industries enable firms to easily imitate R&D outcomes within the same industry. By contrast, the production process of IC design firms is diversified, so they hardly upgrade their technical skills through the interchange of R&D information within the same industry. Hence, the IC design firms, which focus on product innovation, rely more on patent licensing to develop core technology innovation. Finally, R&D spillover effect is evidently greater in U.S. IC design industry than in Taiwan IC design industry, while patent spillover effect appears greater in Taiwan IC design industry than in U.S. IC design industry. The IC design industry in U.S. free-rides intra-industry R&D outcomes more easily than that in Taiwan. Consequently, Taiwan IC design firms rely on patent spillovers to develop IC elements, which are compatible with the incumbent IC products.
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Dogan, Ergun, Koi Nyen Wong, and Michael M. C. Yap. "Vertical and Horizontal Spillovers from Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from Malaysian Manufacturing." Asian Economic Papers 16, no. 3 (November 2017): 158–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/asep_a_00560.
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Given developing countries’ dependence on foreign direct investment (FDI) in manufacturing, it is important to assess the benefits that accompany FDI, given the cost of incentives that are used to attract foreign investments. We empirically analyze FDI spillover effects in Malaysia using unpublished establishment-level data, accounting for domestic firm size, the market orientation of local firms and foreign multinationals, and firm technology level and absorptive capacity. We find weak evidence of horizontal spillovers; backward and forward spillovers are negative in most cases. Because these results raise concerns about the technological capability of local firms, government policies on technology, human resource, education, and R&D should address this.
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Zhou, Yingying, Yaru Xu, Chuanzhe Liu, Zhuoqing Fang, and Jiayi Guo. "Spatial Effects of Technological Progress and Financial Support on China’s Provincial Carbon Emissions." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 10 (May 16, 2019): 1743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16101743.
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The spatial autocorrelation analysis method was applied to panel data from the provinces of China (including autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) for the period 2003 to 2016 in order to construct a spatial Durbin model of technological progress and financial support in relation to reductions in carbon emissions. The results show that China’s carbon intensity presents significant spatial spillover effects under different spatial weights, which indicates that the carbon intensity of a province is influenced not only by its own characteristics, but also by the carbon emission behaviors of geographically adjacent and economically similar provinces and regions. Financial structure, financial scale, and financial efficiency all have significant effects on carbon intensity within a province, while financial structure is also linked to carbon intensity in other regions, but financial scale has no significant spillover effect on carbon intensity in space. Areas with high financial efficiency can reduce their own carbon intensity as well as that of surrounding areas. The inter-regional spillover effect of technological progress on carbon intensity is stronger than the spillover effect, but there is a time lag.
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Li, Weibao, Weiwei Wu, Yexin Liu, and Bo Yu. "How China’s manufacturers achieve technological catch-up." Chinese Management Studies 11, no. 1 (April 3, 2017): 139–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cms-12-2016-0256.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how China’s manufacturers catch up with the forerunners through R&D cooperation by developing a new mode of latecomer–forerunner R&D cooperation, i.e. the periphery–core mode, which provides a viable way for China’s manufacturers to obtain forerunners’ core knowledge from their periphery knowledge via knowledge spillover and knowledge transfer. Design/methodology/approach The paper first reviews the literature on R&D cooperation process in the catching-up context and knowledge management in R&D cooperation. Then, three cases of R&D cooperation between China’s advanced technology manufacturers and their forerunners are introduced, with emphasis on interactivities in R&D cooperation and knowledge spillover. On the basis of the multi-case study, the periphery–core mode of R&D cooperation between latecomers and forerunners is conducted. Findings The paper finds that the latecomers can catch up with their forerunners by acquiring forerunners’ core technology used in periphery R&D activities. Through formal and informal interactions, the forerunners’ core technology can be extracted and transferred to latecomers, which the latecomers can then absorb and further develop. Thus, it can be concluded that the periphery–core mode of R&D cooperation is a viable way for the latecomers to get access to forerunners’ core technology. Originality/value The paper contributes to the literature on the catching-up theory by developing the periphery–core mode as a new mode for the latecomers to catch up with the forerunners. It expands the understanding of the latecomer–forerunner R&D cooperation by focusing on the way that China’s manufacturers as latecomers catch up with the forerunners by accessing the forerunners’ core knowledge from their R&D cooperation in periphery knowledge. The paper shows the mechanism of knowledge transfer and spillover in R&D cooperation. The role of communications, especially informal communication between cooperation partners, is emphasized in this process. This study also provides a new perspective for cooperation partner selection by arguing that latecomers can choose their cooperation partners according to the periphery and core knowledge they possess, other than the relationship between them. Besides, this paper emphasizes the mutual support between knowledge transfer, knowledge spillover and knowledge absorption, which is necessary for latecomers to achieve successful catching up in periphery–core R&D cooperation.
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Wersching, Klaus. "Schumpeterian competition, technological regimes and learning through knowledge spillover." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 75, no. 3 (September 2010): 482–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2010.05.005.
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Kleynhans, Ewert P. J. "Factors Determining Industrial Competitiveness And The Role Of Spillovers." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 32, no. 2 (March 1, 2016): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v32i2.9594.
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This article applied regressions and panel data analysis to determine how micro-economic spillovers enhance the competitiveness of firms and industries. What made this study unique was that it considered the interactions between various spillover factors working simultaneously and their effect on competitiveness and also investigated possible harmful effects of spillovers. Data from the Manufacturing Firm Survey of the World Bank was used, which covered the first decade of the third millennium, including world economic crises. The investigation on sales used cross-sectional regressions, following a survey conducted on sales and competitiveness. The general findings were that FDI and technological expenses offered little spillover advantages to firms, but that spillovers from research and development do enhance competitiveness. Managerial expertise and education of the workforce restrict spillovers and enhance competitiveness, while a larger and less educated workforce increases leakages of information and spillovers, suppressing competitiveness. The results further revealed that exports and spending on communication, machinery and equipment, a trained work force and innovation all enhanced sales, but the numbers of new firms and the number of privately owned businesses suppress competitiveness. Concerning the negative effects of spillovers, corruption, crime, theft and disorder increase spillovers and curb competitiveness. More spending on security decreases these negative spillovers, as does support from well-known suppliers. A larger workforce causes more negative spillovers, as do the number of new and temporary workers, more competitors and new suppliers. The findings of this study will be of special value to managers and project planners.
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Arora, Nitin, and Preeti Lohani. "Does foreign direct investment spillover total factor productivity growth? A study of Indian drugs and pharmaceutical industry." Benchmarking: An International Journal 24, no. 7 (October 2, 2017): 1937–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-09-2016-0148.
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Purpose Foreign firms have certain advantages which may spillover to domestic firms in the form of improvements in total factor productivity (TFP) growth. The purpose of this paper is to empirically observe the presence of TFP spillovers of foreign direct investment (FDI) to domestic firms through analyzing source of TFP growth in Indian drugs and pharmaceutical industry. Design/methodology/approach This paper examines the sources of TFP spillovers of FDI in Indian drugs and pharmaceutical industry over the period 1999 to 2014. The data of 304 firms has been used for estimation of the growth rates of TFP and its sources under stochastic frontier analyses based Malmquist productivity index framework. For frontier estimation, the Wang and Ho (2010) model has been executed using translog form of production function. Findings The results show that there exists significant TFP spillover effect from the presence of foreign equity in drugs and pharmaceutical industry of India. The results also show that the major source of TFP fluctuations in the said industry is managerial efficiency that has been significantly affected by FDI spillover variables. In sum, the phenomenon of significant Intra-industry (horizontal) efficiency led productivity spillovers of FDI found valid in case of Indian drugs and pharmaceutical industry. Research limitations/implications The number of foreign firms is very less to imitate the significant impact of foreign investment on TFP growth of Indian pharmaceutical industry at aggregated level; and the Wang and Ho (2010) model is failing to capture direct impact of FDI on technological change under Malmquist framework. Practical implications Since, there exists dominance of domestic firms in Indian drugs and pharmaceutical industry, the planners should follow the policy which not only attract FDI but also benefit domestic firms; for example, developing modern infrastructure and institution which will further help domestic firms to absorb spillovers provided by the Multinational Corporations and also accelerate the growth and development of the economy. Social implications In no case, the foreign firms should dominate the market share otherwise the efficiency spillover effect will be negative and the domestic firms will be destroyed under the self-centric approach of foreign firms protected by the recent patent laws. Originality/value The study is a unique attempt to discuss the production structure and sources of TFP spillovers of FDI in Indian drugs and pharmaceutical industry with such a wide coverage of 304 firms over a period of 16 years under Wang and Ho (2010) model’s framework. The existing studies on TFP spillovers are using either a small sample size of firms or based upon traditional techniques of measuring spillover effects.
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Miremadi, Tahereh, and Mahdi Baharloo. "A technological innovation system approach to analysis knowledge spillover, the case of rotary-wing technology in Iran." Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management 11, no. 4 (July 20, 2020): 537–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstpm-09-2019-0086.
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Purpose This paper aims to contribute to the debate of knowledge spillover by presenting a new application for the approach of the technological innovation system (TIS). Design/methodology/approach Based on the evolutionary economics of the TIS approach, a new framework for knowledge spillover is built and applied to a case. To collect data in studying the case, a mix of quantitative–qualitative methods are used. Findings TIS approach can help build a framework to analyze knowledge spillover from defense to the civil sector. This framework shows the direct relationship between the functional dynamics of the system and the spillover mechanism.. Research limitations/implications Sharing the same weakness as TIS, the suggested framework does not pay attention to the contextual factors. Practical implications This framework is an analytical tool. It could be used for educational and research purposes, but it has limited power to devise policy guidelines. Social implications This framework is an analytical tool. It could be used for educational and research purposes. But it has limited power to devise policy guidelines. Originality/value The paper deviates from the conventional literature of knowledge spillover which uses national level of system analysis. Based on TIS, it adds a new perspective to the literature which had suffered from a limited value of generalizability.
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Ma, Ning, Puyu Liu, Yadong Xiao, Hengyun Tang, and Jianqing Zhang. "Can Green Technological Innovation Reduce Hazardous Air Pollutants?—An Empirical Test Based on 283 Cities in China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 3 (January 30, 2022): 1611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031611.
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Based on the panel data of 283 cities in China from 2009 to 2018, this paper analyzes the effect of urban green scientific and technological innovation enhancement on hazardous air pollutants using the GS2SLS method, which simultaneously controls for model endogeneity and spatial spillover effects and reveals the transmission mechanism of urban green scientific and technological innovation level. It was found that (1) There is a significant spatial spillover effect of hazardous air pollutants between regions, both in China as a whole and in the eastern, central, and western parts of the country, and the spatial spillover effect of hazardous air pollutants is significantly greater in the eastern and central parts of China than in the western parts. (2) Green technological innovation has a significant inhibitory effect on hazardous air pollutants in cities in eastern and central China. An extended study found that the improvement in green technology levels in innovative cities has a better effect on controlling hazardous air pollutants than in non-innovative cities. (3) The energy- saving and green economy effects have a mediating influence on the effect of green technological innovation on hazardous air pollutants in cities, and the simultaneous occurrence of these two effects in green technological innovation serves to enhance the transmission of hazardous air pollutants in order to facilitate the long-term management of haze.
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Gopal Das, Gouranga. "Ability-Biased Technical Change and Productivity Bonus in a Nested Production Structure: A Theoretical Model with Endogenous Hicks-Neutral Technology Spillover." Scientific Annals of Economics and Business 66, no. 3 (2019): 415–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.47743/saeb-2019-0030.
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This paper develops a model of endogenous trade-mediated productivity spillover in which jointly trade-intensity, capital-intensity of production, and skill-intensity for adoption of technology from an exogenously available stock of world knowledge determine firm’s productivity. The representative firm, in the process of maximising profit (or minimising costs), takes into account the benefits of technological improvements embodied in imported intermediates. Sectors with higher skilled labour intensity will have an advantage in extracting the ‘bonuses’ from spillovers. The framework is useful for exploring technology adoption, considering wage premium, investigating innovative changes in sectors, and analysing productivity differences.
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Sun, Huaping, Bless Kofi Edziah, Anthony Kwaku Kporsu, Samuel Asumadu Sarkodie, and Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary. "Energy efficiency: The role of technological innovation and knowledge spillover." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 167 (June 2021): 120659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.120659.
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PANDENG, SHEN, HE LIN, ZHANG JIANLEI, and CHENG LONGDI. "The impact of technological innovation from domestic innovation, import and FDI channels on carbon dioxide emissions of China's textile industry." Industria Textila 73, no. 04 (August 31, 2022): 426–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.073.04.202149.
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Technological innovation is the key to reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. In order to analyse the role of technological innovation from domestic innovation, import and FDI channels in the CO2 emissions reduction of China's textile industry (CTI), this study uses OLS models to study the impact of domestic innovation, import technology spill over and FDI technology spillover on CO2 emissions and CO2 emission intensity of CTI respectively. The research results show that domestic innovation has significantly reduced CTI’s CO2 emissions and CO2 emission intensity, while import technology spillover has increased them. FDI technology spillover has increased CO2 emission intensity, but its impact on CO2 emissions isn’t significant. Therefore, China should take domestic R&D investment as the key measure to reduce CTI’s CO2 emissions in the future and continue to improve the level of independent innovation. China should also attract more low-carbon and green international investment and avoid becoming the "pollution heaven" for high-emission capital. The level of technology embedded in the imported textile products should be improved further. The use of various technological innovation strategies not only reduces CTI’s CO2 emissions but also makes positive contributions to China's goal of "carbon peaking and carbon neutralization".
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Liu, Chengliang, Tao Wang, and Qingbin Guo. "Does Environmental Regulation Repress the International R&D Spillover Effect? Evidence from China." Sustainability 11, no. 16 (August 12, 2019): 4353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11164353.
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The inconsistent direction between environmental regulation and technological progress is receiving increasing attention, but scholars have neglected the relationship between the two in the open economy. Against this background and based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2003 to 2015, we examined the effect of environmental regulation on the international research and development (R&D) spillover effect and its regional differences in three economic regions: The Bohai Rim, Pan-Yangtze River Delta, and Pan-Pearl River Delta economic regions. The results show that (1) at China’s macro level, and at that of the three economic regions, the level of environmental regulation and international R&D spillover from import trade or foreign direct investment channels show an inverted N relationship; that is, in all provinces the weak environmental regulation initially inhibited the international technology spillover. However, as the intensity of environmental regulation increased, the level of international R&D spillovers continually rose, but overly harsh environmental regulation was not conducive to the overflow of international technology; (2) the adoption of different environmental regulations will affect the international R&D spillover effect and the inverted N relationship of environmental regulation, thus changing the inflection point of environmental regulation; and (3) currently, the level of environmental regulation is relatively low, as most provinces have not yet broken through the first turning point of the inverted N, and only a few provinces are within the rising stage of the inverted N curve. This paper provides corresponding policy suggestions according to the above conclusions.
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WIBOONCHUTIKULA, PAITOON, CHAYANON PHUCHAROEN, and NUCHIT PRUEKTANAKUL. "SPILLOVER EFFECTS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ON DOMESTIC MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN THAILAND." Singapore Economic Review 61, no. 02 (June 2016): 1640028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590816400282.
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This study investigates technological spillovers of foreign direct investment (FDI) in horizontal, upstream, and downstream industries on domestic manufacturing firms in Thailand, using firm level data from the 2012 industrial census conducted by the National Statistical Office. First, we measure total factor productivity (TFP) and estimate stochastic production frontier to find technical efficiency of firms. Next, we examine impacts of the FDI and other factors on the TFP and technical efficiency of domestic firms. The results provide no evidence on spillover effects of the FDI in horizontal industries on either the TFP or technical efficiency of domestic firms. While the FDI in upstream industries shows negative spillover effects, the FDI in downstream industries reveals positive and significant spillover effects on firms in all industry groups. Firm-specific characteristics such as age, size, availability of imported raw materials, location at industrial estates, and R&D activities all had positive effects on firms’ TFP and technical efficiency in total industries. Although export capability had a positive impact on total factor productivity and technical efficiency of domestic firms in the capital and technology-intensive industries, the effect was insignificant in the labor-intensive ones. The findings imply limited spillover effects of the FDI on domestic firms but highlight favorable effects of the openness policy (affecting availability of imported raw materials and exports), infrastructural investment (available in the industrial estates), and R&D activities. Incentives should be given to the FDI with vertical linkages with domestic input suppliers in order for local firms to gain the most from FDI technology transfers.
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Zhang, Yongli. "THE REGIONAL DISPARITY OF INFLUENCING FACTORS OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION IN CHINA: EVIDENCE FROM HIGH-TECH INDUSTRY." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 27, no. 4 (May 27, 2021): 811–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/tede.2021.14828.
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Accurate analysis of technological innovation mechanism in different regions is the key to promoting China’s technological innovation, economic transformation and upgrading. This paper collected statistical data of high-tech enterprises in 27 provinces in China from 2009 to 2016, established a novel PSO-GRNN model, and applied sensitivity analysis to explore the influencing factors and regional differences of enterprise technological innovation in Eastern, Central and Western China. The empirical results showed that the influencing factors were innovation investment, market environment, government support and foreign technology spillover sorting by impact size. Innovation investment was the decisive factor of technological innovation, but innovation resources mainly concentrated on Eastern China, severely insufficient in Central and Western China. Market environment was favorable to Eastern and Central China, but unfavorable to Western China, which restricted greatly the development of Western China. The principalagent problem of state-owned enterprise and the crowding out effect of government research and development funds jointly led to the negative influence of government support on technological innovation. Foreign technology spillover had significant positive effects on technological innovation in Western China. This paper clarifies some disputes about influencing factors of technological innovation and provides a new research perspective for related issues.
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Meng, Fan Jun. "Comparative Study of R&D Spillover Effect for High Technology Industry and Traditional Industry." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 5278–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.5278.
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Based on economic distance weights matrix, using the R&D input-output panel data sets of high technological industry and traditional industry in 29 provinces in China from 2001 to 2010 and spatial econometric method,this paper analyzes their R&D spillover effects respectively between provinces. The results indicate: Even though R&D in the high technology industry in China are active, the R&D spillover in this industry is lower than that in the traditional industries; R&D capital contributes to R&D output more than R&D labor for high technological industry, while the traditional industry is just the opposite.
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Qu, Ying, and Fei Guo. "Tripartite Game Analysis of Military-Civilian Technology Transfer from the Perspective of Technology Characteristics." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (April 30, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4888360.
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Given the enterprise technology corporation technological learning problem of challenging to reduce the efficiency of technology transfer based on evolutionary game theory, from the nature of technical knowledge, military field, and civilian field of technology spillover, recessive and technical complexity, and other technical features, construction of bounded rationality under the condition of the private enterprise, the enterprise, and the government's three evolutionary game models, the influence of different technical characteristics on the three parties is analyzed by Matlab numerical simulation. The results show that intratechnological recessive only negatively inhibits the cooperative behavior of private enterprises. Both technology spillover and technology complexity promote the evolution of noncooperative behavior between military and civilians. The evolution speed of government support behavior is faster under high-intensity technology spillover. Finally, it is suggested that the technology transfer can be effectively promoted by strengthening the technology level of the private military enterprises, improving the technology transferability of the military enterprises, and perfecting the property right incentive mechanism of technological innovation.
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Hu, Peiqi, Kai Zhou, Haoxi Zhang, Zhong Ma, and Jingyuan Li. "The Cause and Correlation Network of Air Pollution from a Spatial Perspective: Evidence from the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region." Sustainability 15, no. 4 (February 16, 2023): 3626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15043626.
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Based on the Spatial Durbin Model (SDM), this study evaluates the spatial spillover effect of PM2.5 concentration in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) and its surrounding areas from 2000 to 2016, analyzes its main influencing factors and verifies the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). In addition, Social Network Analysis (SNA) is used to measure the regional air pollution transmission network. The results are as follows: (1) A significant inverted U-shaped EKC with spatial spillover effect between the sampled 48 cities was verified. (2) Industrial structure had both local and spillover effects on air pollution with a U-shaped curve; technological progress exerted a negative spillover effect on air pollution, while traffic evidenced positive local and spillover effects; meteorological conditions showed different impacts on air pollution. (3) Heze, Tianjin, Xingtai, Shijiazhuang and Liaocheng are the top five cities in the centrality of the air pollution correlation network, indicating air pollution in these cities have significant impacts on other cities within the network; while Sanmenxia, Weihai, Yuncheng, Langfang and Zhumadian are the bottom five cities, which indicates that the air pollution of these cities has the least correlation with other cities. The policy suggestions for 48 cities involve: building up a regional joint prevention and control mechanism, enhancing the supervision of cities located in the centrality of the air pollution correlation network, accelerating high-tech and service-oriented industrialization, encouraging technological innovation in energy conservation and environmental protection and implementing vehicle regulation.
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Lee, June Y., and Dongwoo Yang. "The Study on Effects of Foreign Ownership on Innovation." Asian Business Research 1, no. 2 (October 28, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/abr.v1i2.78.
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In developing countries, government actively promotes foreign investment in order to adapt the new and latest technology. This leads to greater R&D activities, thus this creates knowledge and technology spillover. In this paper, we look at Korea where the R&D has been the main factor of rapid growth. We study the effects of foreign ownership on technological performance by looking at 756 R&D intensive Korean firms from 1999 to 2009. We look the number of applied and registered patents are dependent variables (as a technological performance) and observe statistically significant and positive correlation with foreign ownership due to three main reasons: (a) knowledge and technology spillover, (b) relatively more risk-taking investment behavior of institutional investors, and (c) cherry-picking strategy of investing in firms that perform well. Furthermore, we also observe the R&D expenditure has a strong and positive correlation with the number of applied and registered patents, and R&D expenditure could serve as a proxy variable for technologically advanced industries. Lastly, we observe that the coefficients increase for applied and registered patents for different technology index sub-groups.