Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Technological innovations'
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1
Moura, Rafael de Sousa Leal Martins. "Cataloguing technological innovations in construction." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=15712.
Abstract:
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorFrom the historical context experienced by the construction industry recently, it is noted that the introduction of technological innovation in the production means has many benefits in the sector. In general terms, innovations contribute to rationalization of procedures, increasing the products to meet the new demands and transposition the technological frontier. However, it is found that persists the necessity of more information about innovations. Despite the benefits that come with the use of innovations, it is clear that its use by companies could be more disseminated and improved. It is starting from the relevance of the use of innovations in the construction industry and the need to provide more information related to innovation to sector companies, the present study aims to draw up a catalog of technological innovations. However, preliminarily it is necessary an analysis of the kinds and classifications of innovations to draw an appropriate parameter for the cataloging and classification. To prepare the catalog, it was selected the technological innovations published between 2005 and 2015 in the TÃchne magazine's publications. The innovations were classified according to the building systems observance of NBR 15575:2013. Have been cataloged 164 innovations. One of the concerns was the search for a clear, didactic and updated catalog. Finally, it should be noted that the research is marked out by national and international literature on innovation, by theses and dissertations and the related publications in the TÃchne magazine
A partir do contexto histÃrico vivenciado pela construÃÃo civil nas Ãltimas dÃcadas, constata-se que a introduÃÃo de inovaÃÃo tecnolÃgica nos meios de produÃÃo acarretou diversos benefÃcios no setor. Em linhas gerais, as inovaÃÃes contribuem para racionalizaÃÃo dos processos, incremento dos produtos para atendimento das novas demandas e transposiÃÃo da fronteira tecnolÃgica. Contudo, verifica-se que persiste a necessidade de uma maior disponibilizaÃÃo de informaÃÃes referentes Ãs inovaÃÃes existentes. Em que pese os benefÃcios advindos com o uso de inovaÃÃes, percebe-se que o seu uso pelas empresas poderia ser bem mais difundido e aprimorado. à partindo, pois, da relevÃncia do uso das inovaÃÃes no Ãmbito da construÃÃo civil e da necessidade de disponibilizar mais informaÃÃes relacionadas à inovaÃÃo Ãs empresas do setor, que o presente trabalho volta-se à elaboraÃÃo de um catÃlogo de inovaÃÃes tecnolÃgicas. Preliminarmente, todavia, faz-se necessÃria uma anÃlise sobre os tipos e classificaÃÃes das inovaÃÃes para, em seguida, traÃar um parÃmetro adequado para sua catalogaÃÃo e classificaÃÃo. Na elaboraÃÃo do catÃlogo, selecionaram-se as inovaÃÃes tecnolÃgicas que despontaram no perÃodo de 2005 a 2015, com base nas publicaÃÃes da revista TÃchne. As inovaÃÃes foram classificadas de acordo com os sistemas da construÃÃo em que estÃo inseridas, em observÃncia à NBR 15575:2013. No final da pesquisa, catalogaram-se 164 inovaÃÃes. Registre-se que uma das preocupaÃÃes que nortearam à elaboraÃÃo do documento em comento foi a busca por um catÃlogo claro, didÃtico e atualizado. Por fim, destaca-se que a pesquisa à balizada pela bibliografia nacional e internacional sobre inovaÃÃo, por teses e dissertaÃÃes relacionadas e pelas publicaÃÃes da revista TÃchne.
2
Mannikko, Nancy Farm. "Technological innovation in forest harvesting /." This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08252008-162946/.
3
Kemeny, Tom. "International technology gaps in the age of globalization." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1723167081&sid=14&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
4
Männikkö, Nancy Farm. "Technological innovation in forest harvesting." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34764.
Abstract:
Scholars in science and technology studies have long been concerned with a variety of issues revolving around technological change, such as explaining the origins of technological innovation and arguing for or against technological determinism. This thesis reviews a number of theoretical models developed by historians, philosophers, sociologists, and other scholars to explain technological change. A case study of technological innovations in industnal forestry and timber harvesting practices provides a basis for a critique of these previously proposed models and for an argument for a new model. This model, an ecological model, suggests homeostatic pressures play a major role in the innovative processes within any technological system.Master of Science
5
Swoish, Michael Joseph. "Technological Innovations for Mid-Atlantic Cropping Systems." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104449.
Abstract:
Greater projected demand for food, fuel, and fiber will require substantial increases in global agricultural production over the next three decades. Climate change is also forecasted to make weather events more extreme and variable. Efficiency will become more important as demand for food products increases and the availability of fertilizer and land decreases. Technology may be of paramount importance for pushing the boundaries of production while remaining sustainable for generations to come. The first chapter of this dissertation investigated the importance of rate and timing of the plant growth regulator trinexapac-ethyl to malting barley in Virginia. Plant growth regulators can help plants remain upright during strong winds, thereby preserving grain quality and yield. However, this study demonstrated that risks of plant injury also exist. Application should be restricted to fields with greater risk of lodging and made only after the barley crop has broken dormancy and a substantial increase in air temperature is not forecasted in the week following application. Chapter two compared the efficacy of eight vegetation indices calculated from three satellites (Landsat 8, Sentinel 2, and Planet) for estimating cover crop biomass. Cover crops can have beneficial effects on agricultural land as well as groundwater and surface water, but only when adequate biomass is established to reduce erosion and nutrient leaching. Satellite imagery was able to estimate multi-species cover crop biomass more accurately than field-based sensors, although the most accurate vegetation index was dependent upon which satellite was being tested. Chapter three investigated the potential of Arabidopsis thaliana ipk1-, a loss-of-function mutant which exhibits decreased growth at elevated phosphorus concentration, for serving as in indicator of plant available phosphorus. An indicator crop could provide greater spatial resolution compared to soil testing, as well as represent plant available nutrients as opposed to chemically extracted nutrient estimations. Plant response exhibited a quadratic relationship with media P concentration in the range of fertilizer decision making for maize, providing valuable insight for potential yield response in agricultural fields below 'very high' phosphorus concentration.Doctor of Philosophy
Climate change, increased demand for locally sourced ingredients, and elevated pressure for environmentally responsible practices will make meeting the growing demand for food difficult for farmers to achieve over the next few decades. Similar to many other industries, implementation of advanced technology may be necessary to keep up with agricultural demand. Plant growth regulators are one such technology which when applied to plants can cause them to remain short, decreasing the chance of blowing over during windstorms. However, chapter one of this dissertation concluded that risks of plant injury also exist when applying plant growth regulator on malting barley (for brewing or distilling). Application should be restricted to fields with greater risk of wind damage (e.g. taller barley) and made only after the barley crop begins spring growth and a decrease in air temperature is not forecasted in the week following application. Chapter two compared eight spectral vegetation indices across three satellites with different image resolution for their ability to estimate cover crop biomass. Cover crops protect groundwater and surface water quality, but only when adequate growth is achieved. Satellite imagery was able to estimate multi-species cover crop biomass more accurately than field-based sensors, although the most accurate vegetation index was dependent upon which satellite was being tested. Chapter three investigated the potential of Arabidopsis thaliana ipk1-, a loss-of-function mutant which exhibits decreased growth at elevated phosphorus concentration, as in indicator of plant available phosphorus in soil. An indicator crop could help determine which areas of a field are likely to have increased crop yield if fertilized and which are not. The mutant tested could be useful as an indicator crop given its response to phosphorus concentration, warranting further research with other plant species more appropriate for field use.
6
ROSSETTI, FABRIZIO. "Technological Innovations Applied to the Winemaking Tradition." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/263710.
Abstract:
In questo lavoro è stato investigato l'utilizzo di moderne tecnologie applicate alle metodologie tipiche della tradizione enologica. Le analisi svolte mirano ad approfondire la conoscenza delle modificazioni chimiche e sensoriali che si verificano nel vino e ne influenzano la qualità.
In particolare questa tesi di dottorato si focalizza su tre diversi aspetti della vinificazione:
I) L'impatto del tipo di contenitore utilizzato in vinificazione (durante e dopo la fermentazione). Lo studio si è concentrato sul confronto tra vini Chardonnay ottenuti con anfore di terracotta e contenitori di legno. I risultati hanno mostrato che il vino in anfora si distingue per il caratteristico profilo fenolico, volatile e sensoriale permettendo di differenziarsi dal vino prodotto in contenitori di legno. L’esito di questo studio mostra la possibilità di sviluppare un nuovo stile di vino Chardonnay ottenuto attraverso anfore di terracotta.
II) L'influenza del tipo di tappo durante la conservazione in bottiglia: l'indagine ha riguardato il confronto tra vini chiusi con un nuovo tipo di tappo in microgranulo di sughero senza aggiunta di colla e tappi convenzionali in sughero. Il profilo fenolico, volatile e sensoriale è stato monitorato durante un periodo di conservazione in bottiglia di 12 mesi.
I risultati dell'analisi evidenziano l'influenza dominante del tempo di conservazione rispetto al tipo di tappo sulle caratteristiche chimico-sensoriali del vino. Tuttavia, il confronto tra diversi tipi di tappi permette una migliore comprensione dell’influenza della composizione del tappo sulla conservazione del vino.
III) L’effetto dell'associazione di proantocianidine (PAC) cicliche e non cicliche a ioni di potassio e calcio sulla stabilità chimico-fisica dei vini. Lo studio riguarda una nuova classe di proantocianidine con struttura ciclica recentemente scoperta nel vino. Sono state analizzate le proprietà chimiche di legame delle PAC con metalli di calcio e potassio per valutarne l’impatto sulla stabilità colloidale del vino. Il legame con questi metalli risulta influenzato non solo dal numero di unità monomeriche, ma anche dalla conformazione assunta dalle molecole.The use of modern technologies applied to material and methodologies typical of the winemaking tradition are investigated in this work. The analyzes performed would like to provide helpful insights for extending the knowledge about the changing occurring in wine. Especially, this PhD thesis investigates three different aspects of winemaking: I) The impact of the type of container used during and after the fermentation: the study focused on the comparison between Chardonnay wines obtained with earthenware amphorae and wooden containers. The results showed that in-amphorae wine had a peculiar phenolic, volatile and sensory profile. This discovery allowed differentiating wine obtained through earthenware amphorae from wine made in wooden containers and provided knowledge for the possible development of a new Chardonnay wine-style obtained through earthenware amphorae. II) The influence of the type of stopper during the storage in bottle: the investigation concerned the comparison between wines closed with a new type of stopper made of microgranule cork without glue addition and wines closed with conventional cork-based stoppers. The phenolic, volatile and sensory profile were monitored during a bottle storage period of 12 months. The results of the analysis highlight the dominant influence of the storage time over the type of stopper on the wine composition. However, the comparison between different types of stoppers allowed a better comprehension of their influence on the final product. III) The binding of cyclic and non-cyclic proanthocyanidins (PACs) to potassium and calcium ions, which affect the chemico-physical stability of wines: novel cyclic proanthocyanidins recently discovered in wine, are investigated in the chemical properties to evaluate their impact on the colloidal stability of wine. The binding to these metals appeared to be influenced not only by the number of monomer units, but also by the conformation assumed by the molecules.
7
Munir, Kamal A. "Technological evolution and the 'construction' of dominant designs in the imaging industry." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37793.
Abstract:
All industries occasionally experience technological shocks or 'discontinuities.' These discontinuities may be competence-enhancing or competence-destroying. Competence-destroying discontinuities threaten to render existing capabilities obsolete and lead to 'eras of ferment' in which the new technology competes with the old one. At the same time, several designs within the new technology struggle for dominance. Managers faced with such a situation need to make several important decisions, perhaps the most important of which involve the selection of technologies to adopt or develop. Existing competencies and market positions provide strong constraints on the objective of meeting evolving customer expectations. The decisions are expensive and fraught with risks. Naturally, a better understanding of how technologies tend to evolve and why particular designs become dominant, while others, equally plausible ones, do not, would help managers make more informed decisions and avoid costly mistakes or even the prospect of lock-out.This primary aim of this dissertation was the development of a better theoretical understanding of this complex process. Relying primarily on archival data, narratives were constructed around four cases of radical technology shifts in the photographic industry. When woven with existing theoretical insights, these narratives yielded a new perspective on technology dominance. It proposes that contrary to the popular perception that customers eventually adopt technologies that meet their needs 'better,' the success or failure of a new technology is dependent on the extent to which its proponent can build it into the emerging institutional context. This involves opening the design up to embody the interests of key stakeholders as well as structuring the field. At the same time associations and linkages are created between the technology and existing structures. "Enrolling" institutions in this manner stabilizes the nascent technology, reducing its disruptiveness and creating positive externalities around it. How long the design stays dominant depends upon its position in the industry architecture (Christensen, 1997). If it is positioned as an obligatory passage point (Latour, 1987), it is likely to stay dominant for much longer than if it is simply the foremost technological solution to the central problem.
8
Rieger, Bernhard Wolfgang. "Public readings of technology film, aviation, and passenger liners in Britain and Germany, 1890s to early 1930s /." Thesis, Boston Spa, U.K. : British Library Document Supply Centre, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.313461.
9
Hegde, Deepak. "Innovation and technology trajectories in a developing country context evidence from a survey of Malaysian firms /." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04112004-221116/unrestricted/hegde%5Fdeepak%5F200405%5Fmast.pdf.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004.Shapira, Philip, Committee Chair ; Hicks, Diana, Committee Member ; Lewis, Gregory, Committee Member. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 52-59).
10
Tzokas, Nikos X. "Adoption of technological innovations : towards an integrated approach." Thesis, University of Bath, 1992. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760626.
11
Ortiz, Mauricio J. 1974. "Opportunities for technological innovations in current construction practices." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84283.
12
Motawa, Ibrahim Ahmed. "Simulating the implementation of technological innovations in construction." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2001. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/33623.
Abstract:
Introducing new technologies or innovative processes can enhance construction efficiency and enable organisations to achieve objectives of lowering costs, continuous improvement and competitive advantage. New ideas have to show significant benefits before they are accepted. Despite of the differences between the construction and manufacturing industries, opportunities are still available to leam from manufacturing approaches to innovation. A fundamental challenge facing construction innovation is the way that construction organisations plan and control the implementation of innovation where many projects do not fulfil their time and cost objectives. Management should not only improve techniques for planning and scheduling but also allow managers to assess and simulate the anticipated performance resulting from innovation. According to this assessment, managers would be more able and perhaps more ready to accept new processes/products or iterate the implementation process until a satisfactory level of performance has been achieved. Intangible benefits offered by advanced construction technologies are hard to quantify using traditional economic analysis techniques. This could result in the rejection of a potentially profitable idea. Benefits to be gained from improvements in operational efficiency are measured by cost and time-savings and increasing productivity. These benefits, in addition to intangible benefits, need to be measured and quantified. Simulating the implementation process of innovation has not been addressed, although many models have been developed to describe the innovation process in construction which considered implementation as a sequential process incorporating iterations.
13
Kemp, Jacob. "U.S. Newspapers And The Adoption Of Technological Innovations." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc103344/.
Abstract:
In order to survive in a hyper-competitive media marketplace, managers must constantly evaluate new technologies and their potential impact on the industry. Using theories on innovation management in organization, this study examined the processes used by managers at daily newspaper in the U.S. during the time period of 1992-2005 to plan for publishing content online. Fourteen subjects, all of whom held management positions during this time, were interviewed at length about their experiences. Their responses reveal that the processes were generally haphazard. This was a result of several factors, some of which were external to the newspaper industry, and others which were cultural, internal forces. Despite a general level of disorganization in the processes, the responses do identify some practices that can be used as blueprints for media organizations that wish to rethink their approach to potentially disruptive technologies.
14
Samuel, Petra. "Strategies for Integrating Technological Innovations in Small Businesses." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3834.
Abstract:
The effective integration of technological innovation is vital to the success of small businesses and can catapult growth and profitability. Some business managers and supervisors, however, may not have a firm understanding of strategies for integrating technological innovations in businesses; this lack of knowledge may result in employee frustration and costly roadblocks to achieving business objectives. This case study was conducted to identify the strategies used by business managers and supervisors to integrate technological innovations in small businesses. Christensen's theory of disruptive innovation and Rogers' theory of diffusion of innovation served as the conceptual framework. Ten business managers and supervisors from Castries, St. Lucia, participated in semistructured interviews. Participants who were selected using purposive sampling worked in a small business in St. Lucia for atleast 5 years, were part of senior management, and used strategies for integrating technological innovations in a small business. Two of the themes that emerged from data analysis were integration challenges relating to technological innovation complexity, and technology cost regarding hardware, upgrades and software procurement. Findings from this study may contribute to positive social change by providing business managers and supervisors insight about strategies and innovative solutions they can use to develop better business practices, increase tax revenues, and employment opportunities, improve profitability, and boost the economy.
15
Chua-Chiaco, Barrie Wu. "Effect of bioaugmentation and diesel fuel type on soil bioremediation." Thesis, Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/21940.
Abstract:
The enhancement of bioremediation by bioaugmentation in soil contaminated with diesel fuel No. 2 and No. 6 (Bunker C) is uncertain. A clayey soil was contaminated with 6,000 mg of either diesel fuel per kg of soil and seeded (5 x 10-7 cells/g of soil) with a Hawaii soil bacterium (UH138) known to utilize several hydrocarbons. The soil was limed, fertilized, and incubated in jars at 30°C for several months. The concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in soil were measured by gravimetry and immunoassay, respectively. Poisoned controls (0.6% HgCl2) were used to determine the extent of hydrocarbon degradation due to microbial activity. A rapid first order biodegradation of TPH (84% in 23 days) occurred in soil contaminated with diesel fuel No. 2, regardless of bacterial seeding. Biodegradation of PAH was linear and reached 84% by day 98 in both seeded and unseeded treatments. Bioaugmentation had no effect on bioremediation of diesel fuel No.2. The decrease in TPH and PAH was paralleled by an increase in populations of total bacteria, phenanthrene-degrading bacteria and microorganisms capable of utilizing hexadecane and diesel fuel No. 2 as well as by an enhancement in CO2 evolution by the soil. Indigenous Zygomycetes grew profusely in diesel fuel No. 2 contaminated soil. Cunninghamella echinulata var. echinulata was isolated from the soil and was shown to be able to utilize several hydrocarbons. Thus, Zygomycetes may have contributed to the rapid decrease in contaminant.
In soil contaminated with diesel fuel No. 6, the measurements of TPH and PAH were more variable due to the uneven distribution of the product. No biodegradation of the contaminant occurred over a period of 138 days. The growth of Zygomycetes was scant. The counts of total bacteria remained unchanged after the addition of diesel fuel No. 6. However, counts of the indigenous phenanthrene-degrading bacteria increases dramatically ( 4 log units) during the first 54 days whereas the level of the seeded bacteria remained stable. The counts of mineral oil degraders decrease by 2 log units after day 2. Co2 evolution from the soil confirmed that diesel fuel No. 6 was not degraded by either the indigenous microflora or the seeded bacterium.
Thus, diesel fuel No. 2 was highly degradable by the indigenous population, however, diesel fuel No. 6 was recalcitrant.Thesis (M.S.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1998.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-117).
Available also on microfiche.
Department of the Interior; U.S Geological Survey via Water Resources Research Center
16
Ratliff, John M. "The persistence of national regimes of innovation in a globalizing economy : Japanese developmentalism in the information and telecommunications industries, 1985-1997 /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9837848.
17
Yoon, Jungwon. "Exploring regional innovation capacities of PR China: toward the study of knowledge divide." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42910.
Abstract:
This study investigates the underlying factors influencing the large variances in innovation performance among the Chinese regions. What is specified in the study is the issue of the knowledge divide in China as existing regional inequalities have appeared in conjunction with the production of knowledge and innovation in its transformation into an innovation-driven economy. While the Chinese innovation system has achieved some promising developments at the aggregate level over the past few years, the inequality between the coastal and inland regions are widening with substantial disparities in the level of innovation capacity. In order to understand the major reasons for this new trend in regional divergence, the study explores the different levels of innovation activities among the provincial-level regions of China and analyzes the determinants of regional innovation capacity, employing a comprehensive and unified framework of a regional innovation system. The overall results suggest that while the Chinese regional innovation systems have evolved over time, increasing human and capital resources in innovation and accumulated knowledge stock/the level of economic development, together with the development of innovation-enhancing policies, industrial cluster environment, and linkages between innovation actors, are all crucial determinants of regional innovation capacity, leading to significant disparities in the level of innovation capacity among Chinese regions.
18
Parayil, Govindan. "Conceptualizing technological change : technology transfer in the green revolution /." Diss., This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08232007-112133/.
19
Weisenbach, Keller Eileen. "Anatomy of disruptive technologies analyses and comparison /." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1133196965.
Abstract:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2005.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed July 25, 2006). Advisors: William L. Shanklin, Marvin Troutt. Keywords: disruptive technologies, radical technological change, incremental technological change, case study methodology, strategic response. Includes bibliographical references (p. 144-149).
20
Hatrisse, Xavier. "New components for passive optical network and cable television." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15002.
21
Cho, Li Wei, and 朱丽薇. "Systematic review of the effectiveness of telehealth diabetes management programme in improving diabetes care and its applicability to Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193772.
Abstract:
Background
Telehealth is a communication technology that allows exchange of data between patients and health care providers. Disease management is a structured multifaceted intervention to patient care that promotes self-management skills and improves patient-doctor communication. This systematic review aims to determine the effectiveness of “telehealth diabetes management programmes” for patients with type-2 diabetes (T2DM) in improving outcomes such as glycaemic control, diabetes related mortality, hospital admissions and overall cost-effectiveness of programme. Its applicability to Hong Kong will be reviewed.
Methods
A literature search of electronic bibliographic databases was performed to identify relevant articles. Both randomised control trials and observational studies on patients with T2DM published up to March 2013 were included in the analysis.
Results
A total of 14 articles were eligible (n=9708 subjects). Eight were randomised controlled trials and six observational studies. Ten studies reported on mean change in HbA1c level, three on health care utilization and three on cost-effectiveness of telehealth management programme. No studies had diabetes related mortality as their outcome measure. Across these trials, telehealth diabetes management programme resulted in an improvement in glycaemic control, likely reduction in health service utilization and a probable cost-effective programme.
Discussions
The current Hong Kong’s health care system faces challenges from long wait-list for medical consultations and rising health care costs. The applicability of the results from this review to the setting in Hong Kong, and feasibility of implementation will be discussed.
Conclusion
Telehealth disease management programmes had clinically modest but significant improvement in HbA1c among adults with T2DM and likely to be cost-effective. The results of this review have potential important implications for policy makers in the allocation of health care resources.published_or_final_version
Public Health
Master
Master of Public Health
22
Chen, Yun-Chung. "A new stage in the development of global innovation networks? the localization of R&D centers of multinational corporations in Beijing and Shanghai /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2004. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1707210421&sid=15&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
23
Soil, Christophe. "Essays on organizations and technological progress." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211096.
24
Khohliso, Sylvester Mziwonke. "Improving technological entrepreneurship of first-year students at universities." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6476.
Abstract:
A challenge facing higher education institutions is the level of technological entrepreneurship of first-year students in the field of technological programmes. This challenge has put pressure on management of higher education institutions to introduce an entrepreneurial mindset and encourage innovation. According to Development Policy Research Unit (2007:18), 23 percent of students choose qualifications mainly for the employment opportunities. According to Shein, Crous, and Schepers (2010:1), not only in growing economies such as South Africa‟s, entrepreneurship contributes to a national growth and contributes to job creation. Shein, et al. (2010:1), further claim that recent studies have shown a shift towards studying entrepreneurship in an attempt to uncover its fundamentals and its importance in adding to the well-being of the country.
25
Leiringer, Roine. "Technological innovations in the context of public-private partnership projects." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industrial Economics and Management, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3616.
Abstract:
The idea that the private sector can play an important partin the financing and creation of built assets and thesubsequent operation of public services has gained ground overthe last decade. This development has contributed to the risein public-private partnership (PPP) projects in many countriesand within many areas in the public sector. From theconstruction perspective, these projects are usually creditedas providing real incentives for the actors involved, as wellas creating a business environment that is conducive toinnovation and improved practices, especially in theconstruction phase. This thesis examines the validity of thesestatements in the context of the PPP procurement route and theextent to which the actors involved in the design andconstruction phases are presented with, and able to exploit,opportunities for technological innovation. A multiple- casestudy approach was adopted for the empirical part of theresearch. Four major projects, containing significantconstruction work and completed between 1997 and 2002, werestudied: three in the UK and one in Sweden. Project personnelthe principal actors in the design and constructionphaseswere interviewed at length. Within the findingsthere is evidence that the existence of certain conditions onprojects, and particular actions arising in relation thereto,can lead to a marked propensity towards innovative behaviour.The conclusion is reached that it is possible to implementtechnological innovations successfully on PPP projects, butthat there is reason to be cautious in promoting thisprocurement route as a prescription for success in theconstruction sector. There are inhibitors in the process thathave the potential to limit the amount of innovation achievedon a project. The thesis discusses this matter and identifiesthree key areascommunication and information, achievingtransparency in the applied framework and risk managementin which actions could be taken in order to improve theprospects for realising technological innovation on PPPprojects.
Keywords:Public-private partnerships, technologicalinnovation, construction procurement, project management,risk
26
Watt, Kathleen Ann. "Nineteenth century brickmaking innovations in Britain : building and technological change." Thesis, University of York, 1990. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4248/.
27
Sokolenko, A. P. "Economic and technological business methods in the era of innovations." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/49034.
Abstract:
Nowadays, business technologies present equipment and services, which ensure the company’s work. Also, an integral part of the business is communication.
The spread of the internet, cloud computing, networks and wireless communication in the 21st century gives more opportunities for advertising and conversations.
28
Hong, Jhea-Whan. "The puzzles of Korean technological development, 1960-97." view abstract or download file of text, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p9998036.
Abstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2000.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 270-288). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
29
Matthews, Rolf Benjamin. "The technological economics of glass recycling." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3539.
Abstract:
This thesis examines the technological economics of glass recycling in Britain. Attention was focused on recovery schemes operated within Scotland, comparisons being made with schemes in the rest of Britain and in Europe. An examination was made of general recycling problems and of glass recycling problems in particular. The various systems for glass recycling were reviewed and were put in the context of the waste management system as a whole. A survey was undertaken of Local Authorities operating glass recycling schemes. The aim was to provide a comprehensive data set to enable a consistent assessment of glass recovery schemes to be taken. This emphasised the importance of taking a standard approach to assessing the viability of recovery schemes. This needs to be done in terms of both private and social costs and benefits to provide a full economic assessment of the system. A general computer model has been developed to allow local authorities to check the viability of their on-going operations. As they operate under different conditions this model was split into separate assessment of a Bottle Bank scheme and a trade collection scheme. In addition, an investment appraisal model was developed to cover both situations. These allow managers to assess the viability of their schemes and can be used to highlight key costs. An International review was undertaken to see what lessons may be learned and what actions may be taken by the local authorities, industry, the general public, and by central government.
30
Nasiriyar, Maryam. "Technological platforms, business diversification and performance." Aix-Marseille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX32075.
Abstract:
Dans cette thèse, j'ai effectué trois études qui analysent la façon dont les entreprises peuvent profiter des services latente sous-jacente des ressources technologiques dans différents contextes. L'analyse identifie les principales caractéristiques des actifs technologiques qui fournissent des plateformes 1) en tant que la capacité à générer des activités innovantes utiles, 2) à développer des businesse nouvelles et 3) à soutenir la performance économique. Dans la première étude, nous examinons la relation entre les caractéristiques de base des connaissances techniques d'une entreprise et ses capacités à innover. J'explique comment distincts domaines de la connaissance technologique se comportent différemment et fournissent des contributions hétérogènes quand elles sont appliquées dans les contextes productifs. La recherche analyse comment les possibilités d'organiser des différents ensembles de connaissances au sein de la base de connaissances conditionnent l'exploitation de leurs services latente sous-jacente et affectent les capacités d'innovation. La deuxième étude prolonge cette idée et lie ces capacités à des comportements de diversification marchant de l'entreprise. Il examine comment les caractéristiques des ressources technologiques et les capacités d'exploiter efficacement leurs services productifs conduisent les choix stratégiques des entreprises dans les activités en aval. Enfin, la troisième étude aborde la question de savoir comment ces compétences contribuent à la performance économique de l'entreprise et atténuent les effets négatifs de la diversification des activitésThe thesis comprises three essays which examine firm behavior in the exploitation of their technological resources. It explains how the firm can drive value of their technological knowledge assets as a platform to improve innovative and economic performance and to develop new businesses. In the first essay (chapter two), I examine the impact of their properties of technological knowledge base on firm's innovative performance in the semiconductor industry from 1968 to 2002. I characterize the organization of the knowledge base, based on the nature of relatedness between knowledge components, complmentarities and similarities. The results suggest that coherence, as the overall level of complementarity between components makes a positive contribution to innovative capabilities, while cohesion, which stands for the overall level of similarity of components, generally has the opposite impact. However, in unfamiliar situations, where the firm engages in activities, cohesion is found to be beneficial for innovations. The main contribution, therefore, is to emphasize that beshond the diversity of technological knowledge and the intensity R&D, the nature of relatedness between knowledge components in the context of application is a key determinant of innovative performance. In the second essay (chapter three), I analyse how firms can take advantage of their technological resources as a platform to diversify into new markets. While technological resources and competencies are widely accepted to be a basis for related business diversification, few works have identified or analysed their characteristics in order to explain why such resources often determine diversification decisions. Chapter 3 proposes that the potential productive services underlying technological resources can be characterized in two dimensions: the level of applicability of technologies in new contexts and their potential complementarities when combined. Using a sample of the world's largest manufacturing companies, the study demonstrates that both potential productive services explain the likelihood of market entry and provide platforms for business development. However, the exploitation of complementary technologies is subject to decreasing returns. There is a curvilinear relationship with the propensity to diversify and the value of diversification for complementary technogies which diminishes over time. Chapter 4 completes the idea by studying the importance of firms' capability to combine technological components in productive configuration i. E. Combinative capability, as a source of heterogeneity in diversified firms. It explores the moderating impact of combinative capability on the relationship between diversification and firms' economic performance in a sample of 111 world's largest manufactures in 1979-2003. Regression results show that firms can mitigate the negative impact of diversification on productivity by exploiting effective technological combinations and enforcing their combinative capabilities. However this effect of combinative capability is depreciable suggesting that when a firm continues to diversify into new business lines, the performance increase due to greater combinative capability does not last long
31
Warren, Matthew Paul. "The management of innovation in the UK ceramics industry : case studies in product and process innovation." Thesis, Keele University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269124.
32
Cheong, Tat Man. "Money laundering data analysis and visualization." Thesis, University of Macau, 2011. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2492978.
33
Motsoeneng, Thato Simon. "An investigation into the extent of focus by Metropolitan Retail, South Africa on the technology innovation capabilities and perspectives." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/415.
Abstract:
This paper reviews the literature on innovation in order to build an agenda for an investigation into the extent to which Metropolitan Retail, within Metropolitan Life Pty in South Africa, focuses on technology innovation capabilities and perspectives. The research was conducted in the areas of, technology innovation capabilities, perspectives guiding the business strategy to integrate and accelerate innovation and contextual aspects influencing innovation perspectives. The extent of focus by the firm on capabilities and perspectives was measured. Data gathered was disseminated and processed by means of Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. The results on current focus indicate that the firm’s focus is mostly on improving core business, although the extent is less than adequate. In other words, generate incremental innovations that can be developed and implemented rapidly and inexpensively. This approach of implementing innovation is in line with the business strategy, more specifically, with the objective of reducing costs and making profits. The findings of the research further suggest that the firm should consider focusing mostly on exploiting strategic advantages. In many firms the fundamental emphasis on technology innovation in developing products, processes and services is thought to determine their ability to cope with never ending customer demands and competitive practices. Coupled with this thought is a reality of high failure rate of technology innovation projects. Against this backdrop, general managers are faced with strategic innovation options, which can make or break firms. Changes in the economic and government environments influence the innovation approach of the firm most. These changes have undoubtedly presented firms with opportunities as well as risks. Possibly the greatest challenge confronting general managers in this context is the building of critical capabilities to enhance the firm’s agility. This challenge presents opportunity for further research.
34
Pinfold, Laura. "Innovative practices for effective management of building production processes within urban centres." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2173.
Abstract:
Thesis (MTech (Construction Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015.Urbanisation and globalisation are the foremost trends propelling the growth and development of cities and towns in the world today. The Cape Town central business district is an example of an urban centre that is required to deal with rapid urbanisation. The increasing number of inner-city developments evoked the congested construction sites and are rapidly becoming the norm within the industry. Innovative building production management is crucial in driving productivity which includes reducing cost at all stages, from planning to completion. However, from several literatures, construction firms are not significantly proactive towards innovative technology that could enhance the efficient delivery of building production. The improved building production management is advancing at a slow pace both in South Africa and internationally. Hence, this research analyse the strategies that could significantly enhance current building production processes and establish the effective management systems that could enhance efficient building production in the urban centres. Innovative methods of stimulating building production processes are needed to ensure that building projects are completed within timeframes and budgets. The research method is both quantitative and qualitative using surveys for data collection. This type of research aims to record an accurate and adequate description of the problem statement and the sub-question. Data for the study are collected through observations, semi-structured and unstructured qualitative interviews and quantitative close-ended questionnaires administered to construction stakeholders working in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. This research focuses on the City of Cape Town to gain an understanding of the dynamics of innovation in building production processes within the building industry. The population of this research include building project managers, registered contractors as well as consultants. Quantitative data obtained from the structured questionnaire design was analysed with descriptive statistics, Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software 21 and content analysis are used to analyse the qualitative data obtained through interviewees.
35
Maestrejuan, Andrea Rene. "Inventors, firms, and the market for technology during the Kaiserreich, 1877-1914." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1722415401&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
36
Cang, Yuqing "Jenny." "A Deep Dive into Technological Unemployment: A State-Level Analysis on the Employment Effect of Technological Innovations." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1660.
Abstract:
Ever since the first Industrial Revolution, during which many textile artisans lost their jobs to weaving machines, the relationship between technological progress and unemployment has been explored and examined by researchers and policy makers. Existing empirical research, mostly at the microeconomic level, has presented ambiguous results. Procuring data on 51 U.S. states for a period of 19 years and a large number of controls, this paper studies the employment effect of technological innovations with a novel state-level macroeconomic analysis. Using commercially-supplied Research and Development expenditure as a proxy, this paper finds that although technological innovations have a non-significant effect on employment at the general state level, there are a few factors that determine how well each state’s labor market responds to technological changes. More specifically, non-urbanized, non-tech-savvy, or states with a large number of workers employed in Manufacturing or Accommodation and Food Services industry experience a more severe unemployment effect than the other states. The results also suggest that unemployment rate is more negatively affected by technological innovations during the Obama Administration, compared with the Clinton and Bush Administration. This paper adds to the limited, macroeconomic literature on technological unemployment, and provides policy makers with important implications on how to prepare citizens for the imminent waves of technological changes.
37
Lee, Yender 1953. "Three essays on aspects of patent-related information as measures of revealed technological capabilities." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38216.
Abstract:
This dissertation consists of three papers on the theme of technological capabilities. Patent information can be viewed as indicators of inventive activities emanating from a certain underlying technological capability. Cumulative patents may, therefore, be considered as the r&barbelow;evealed manifestations of those t&barbelow;echnological c&barbelow;apabilities (hereafter abbreviated as RTC) Patent databases have stored a wealth of publicly-held and verified knowledge. Each of the papers in this thesis takes-up the challenge of examining some particular aspects of RTC based on patents; and will advance our knowledge of the subject modestly in a different direction, by taking advantage of invaluable competitive information contained in patent databases. In the sense of data-mining into knowledge, we formulate and introduce a series of concepts, measurements and a methodology under the title of " patent calculation" in the first paper to mine this invaluable information. We apply this methodology, with multiple indicators, to detect the existence of technological capabilities and examine it in relation to the pattern of global collaboration in patented inventions. In the second paper we study the over time, patterns of technological capabilities in a number of countries in relation to their market and industrial structure. In the third paper we search for' potential patterns of selective concentration and specialization in the patent-intensive industries of newly industrializing countries by using the index of revealed technological advantage (RTA), which has been used as the conventional indicator in advanced countries since 1960s in technology-oriented studies. We also examine if the inherent complexities of this measure impacts the remits. In summary, we develop concepts, measures and tools, in the three essays, to take advantage of patent information to characterize the patterns of revealed technological capabilities and its variations in relation to collabor
38
Trotman, Tamara. "Improving Canada's innovative capacity through international patenting /." Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2006. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2689.
39
Sneddon, Joanne. "Innovation in the Australian wool industry : a sensemaking perspective." University of Western Australia. Graduate School of Management, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0010.
Abstract:
Achieving the successful development, transfer and adoption of new agricultural technology is a popular issue in the innovation literature. Innovation diffusion and economic theory has informed this literature by emphasising the central role that technology attributes and economic rationality play in the adoption of new technology. In agricultural innovation context, research has traditionally taken a technological determinist perspective, assuming that technologies shape society and that all technological change is positive and progressive. As a result of limitations of the linear, determinist perspective of agricultural innovation to explain how new technologies are adopted and diffused, social constructivist approaches to agricultural innovation have emerged as a complement to this approach. However, a unifying framework of the social construction of new agricultural technologies has not been presented in the agricultural innovation literature. In this study Karl Weicks seven properties of sensemaking are used as the foundation for the development of a unifying conceptual framework for the examination of the social construction of agricultural technology. This thesis is a study of sensemaking in the context of agricultural innovation. It examines how participants in the Australian wool industry make sense of new technologies and how that sensemaking shapes their use of new technologies over time. The focal innovation initiative studied in this thesis is the development, transfer, adoption and abandonment of objective wool fibre testing technologies. This initiative commenced in the 1960s and has resulted in significant changes in the way that Australian wool is produced, marketed and processed. An interpretive research paradigm is adopted in this study. A theory-building case study approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis is used to capture the ongoing, iterative, enactive and social actions and interactions that occur throughout the agricultural innovation process. The case study is divided into three separate but interlocking empirical analyses which examine how industry participants' sensemaking shaped their use of wool testing technologies at the industry, technological system and individual farm level. The findings and implications of the three empirical studies in this thesis are discussed in relation to (1) the interpretation frameworks of agricultural industry participants and technology enactment, (2) the sensemaking process, (3) the social construction of shared technology frames, and (4) the social construction of industry belief systems. This study contributes to the debate on the social construction of agricultural technology and sensemaking in the innovation process by exploring the development, transfer, adoption and abandonment of new wool fibre testing technologies by industry participants over time. It builds on theoretical and empirical agricultural innovation and sensemaking research, and draws on a theoretical framework sensitive to the social construction of technology at the individual, group and industry levels. In doing so this study develops the concept of sensemaking in the agricultural innovation process as a way of deepening our understanding of how new agricultural technologies are transferred, adopted and diffused.
40
Muller, Annette. "Communicating technological change." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1998. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36322/1/36322_Muller_1998.pdf.
Abstract:
The literature suggests that communication is important in all aspects of organising, and
therefore important in the successful introduction of organisational change. It also suggests that
Communication Style, in particular, is important in the uptake of technological change by employees;
or alternatively that Communication Style is worthy of investigation as a likely source of beneficial
influence.
Based on the literature review, the study advanced the research question: Are workers'
preferred communication styles associated with their level of appropriation of new technologies? In
order to examine the research question three hypotheses were tested, namely:
♦ HI: Respondents, when rating communication items on the basis of
effectiveness, will implicitly identify four communication styles.
♦ H2: Acceptors and rejectors of new technologies will be divided into two distinct
groups.
♦ H3: There is a relationship between organisational members preferred
communication styles and their appropriation of new technology.
The hypotheses were examined by developing one survey instrument that measured
communication style, and another instrument that measured appropriation of technology.
In order to develop the Communication Style instrument, Dixon's (1998) items were modified
to reflect a formal organisational context and the judgement criterion changed from richness to
effectiveness. To develop the Appropriation instrument, items were developed that measured worker
perception of the adoption of the technology in the organisation and also worker evaluation of general
acceptance or rejection of the technology. A convenience sample was used, as it was considered adequate for an exploratory study.
Exploratory factor analysis was used to reduce the data complexity of both the communication and the
appropriation items. As well, the factor analysis was used to identify factors corresponding to
communication styles and levels of appropriation.
The study confirmed Dixon's 1998 study. The study lends some support towards the position
that acceptors and rejectors of new technologies will be divided into two distinct groups, although not
enough to allow its acceptance, as the distribution is too small to demonstrate a distinct bimodal
distribution. The study identified those items that loaded most strongly on each communication factor to
use as illustrative archetypes of the factor. Respondents were assigned to a communication style based on
the factor on which they had the largest factor score. The mean scores of respondents assigned to
communication styles for each archetypal item were obtained, and it was demonstrated that these scores
were significantly different, using t-tests. Thus archetypal items for each communication style were
identified, a result with important theoretical and practical implications. The study identified extreme
appropriation factor scores, and crosstabulated these groups against Communication Style to examine
whether there was an association between the two variables. The crosstabulation established such an
association. That is, people who strongly accept or strongly reject technology tend to have different
communication styles.
The researcher conducted a focus group of four people chosen to represent a vertical slice
through a university school. The purpose of the group was to help the researcher to reflect on the
research project, its successes and failures, its strengths and weaknesses, with the aim of giving advice
and direction to other researchers.
41
Sadoway, David. "From associations to info-sociations : civic environmentalism and information communication technologies in three Asian tiger cities." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193516.
Abstract:
This multi-year, multi-city investigation seeks to examine how and why civic associations are employing information communication technologies (ICTs) in their work and the extent to which these uses are transforming urban ‘civic space.’ Rather than being passive non-state actors shaped by technologies in the ‘networked city,’ civic environmental associations are treated in this study as co-evolving ‘actor-networks’ that are both shaping and shaped by their ICT practices. This study systematically examines how ICT-linked tools or platforms are reconfiguring civic associations and civic space in the three ‘tiger city’ settings of Hong Kong, Singapore and Taipei.
This investigation employs grounded theory, case study methods, and actor-network theory to examine the co-evolution of ICTs and civic environmental associations. The concept of info-sociations (ICT-associations) is employed in constructing a socio-technical model for analysis of the fast-evolving ICT practices of civic associations. Such an approach suggests that diverse forms of ICT-linked praxis—where civic ideals and knowledge are being put into practice—involves multimodal digital practices; alongside blended or multiplexed physical and virtual practices; and multiscalar practices. The info-sociational model compares ICT-linked organizational, participatory and spatial practices at the associational level by examining digitally-linked: internal and external organizational change; reconfigurations in the public sphere and cyberactivism; scalar transformations and associational alliance formations. Analyses of city-specific ‘civic space’ storylines; alongside a discussion of the problems and potentialities of ICT-linked practices also contributes to an integrated info-sociational model. An info-sociational approach therefore serves to examine transformations in knowledge, power and space as civic environmentalists employ ICTs.
The info-sociational model supports an analysis of three pairs of age-distinct civic environmental associations in Hong Kong, Singapore and Taipei. These six cases (as units of analysis) were selected for their diverse civic environmental activities; their differences in age; and their variety of ICT-linked practices, including uses for: public deliberations, and mobilizing activism; networked alliance formations; identifying environmental and spatial issues in city regions; and creating alternative green media.
Employing the info-sociational model in analyses of the six civic environmental associations led to the observations that: ‘externally-oriented’ ICT-linked practices were of greater importance than ‘internal practices’ amongst civic associations; that groups prioritized ‘digital green public sphere’ practices compared to ‘cyberactivism’; and these associations employed ICTs more frequently for ‘alliance-building’ than for ‘spatial transformations.’ Several of the cases illustrated how ICTs can enhance or augment existing alliances and potentially support new types of civic-cyber formations.
By touching on questions of knowledge, power and space an info-sociational approach therefore can contribute to integrated explanations of how and why civic associations are using and (re)shaping ICTs in pursuit of their diverse aims for more livable and just cities.published_or_final_version
Urban Planning and Design
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
42
Chalustowski, Jan Francis. "Digital video communication : interpretive frameworks of key stakeholders." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1996. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36280/1/36280_Chalustowski_1996.pdf.
Abstract:
Digital Video Communication (DVC) is an emerging technology which ultimately extends to
include applications of "Virtual Reality" where both computers and participants interact in
created worlds: "worlds of information, hubs, data bases and networks," which overlay "the
physical manifestations of power, walls, boundaries, highways and cities" (Mulgan, 1991,
p.3). This new technology combines the power of the current visual media with the power of
the computer, creating an intelligent communication system with increased data capacity,
greater reliability and a greater potential for synergism.
The direction and development of DVC can be influenced by the key stakeholders with
interests in the business, industry service and entertainment sector of technology. Knowledge
of the interpretive frameworks that key stakeholders use to understand DVC may help to
clarify the present and future courses of DVC. In particular the possibility of public
influence on the emergence of DVC is examined.
This study, then, is an attempt to describe the ways in which key stakeholders understand the
emergence of DVC as revealed by their communication about DVC. The analysis therefore
emerges from the described experiences of the people who comprise the study group To achieve this, detailed secondary analyses of interviews with twenty of Australia's key
stakeholders in the emergence of DVC were conducted. Follow-up interviews were
conducted with twelve of the original respondents to review the original transcripts as well as
to establish a longitudinal perspective. Theoretically, the study is anchored in the debate
regarding technological determinism. The thesis takes the perspective that an extreme
determinist stance must be rejected as part of the process of making decisions and
implementation of this emerging technology.
The themes of analysis revealed in the study were:
• The Technological Mindset,
• The Economic Rationalist Mindset,
• Decision Making, Control and Knowledge,
• Participation and Consultation,
• New Technology and Information Access.
In place of a deterministic model for technology, DVC will be viewed as being socially
constructed. However, it is argued that a holistic, co-evolutionary approach be adopted for
introducing new technologies such as DVC where there is an emphasis on human values and
human actions which affect future systems outcomes (Stevenson, 1992). In sum, this thesis will argue that the process of technological development ought to be open
to the influence by the "collective will." This development should not assume the diffusion
of technology through society and thereby become a singular power of repressive interest to
enforce ownership and participation (Hill, 1988), but rather it should merge economic and
social goals with individual goals, and in doing so, recognise that different types of ends must
necessarily co-exist in any system of communication (Mulgan, 1991).
43
Theodorakopoulou, Irini. "National innovation systems as analytical frameworks for knowledge transfer and learning in plant biotechnology : a comparative study /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9946303.
44
Shaw, Melanie 1962. "Anticipating the market for technological innovations in the home building industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44662.
45
Eshraghi, Ali. "Technological innovations in voluntary organisations : towards a sociology of relaxed infrastructures." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25836.
Abstract:
This thesis is motivated by the need to explore the relationships between technology and volunteerism. Despite the fact that information and communication technologies (ICTs) proliferate within voluntary organisations and have an obvious effect on volunteering practice, the literature on the relationships between such technologies and voluntary contexts is scant. This is particularly in terms of its insights with regard to the actual processes of production and consumption of these technologies within the sector. This interdisciplinary research project was carried out to answer a central research problem: how do information technologies interrelate with human activities in voluntary settings? In throwing light on this problem, an ethnographic case-oriented study was conducted in a Scottish community-based sports organisation over the course of two years. This research has utilised insights from the Sociology of Technology, Information Systems Research and Organisational Sociology to find out how human actors’ interactions with technology play out in the context of volunteer-involving organisations, and to conceptualise the complexity of the unfolding of technology in relation to the specific characteristics of volunteering activities. To unpack the core research question, three types of sociotechnical interactions were identified as the most relevant: these were ‘service’, ‘identity’ and ‘ecological’. My analysis of the empirical data suggests that there are different domains within which these critical interactions are assembled. In my research, three different domains (drifting, conditioning and imbricating) have thematically emerged when sociotechnical interactions were being mapped out in (a) shadowing a technology project, (b) analysing technological non-use and (c) rethinking organisational persistence in the selected observed case. This thesis argues for an ‘infrastructural’ approach when studying technology so as to extend our understanding about technology-initiated improvement projects in the sector. This research argues that accomplishing volunteer work requires complicated mixture of sociomaterial assemblages, including ICTs, which are embedded in the everyday life of volunteers, paid staff and their community. Furthermore, this study discusses that existing analytical infrastructural approaches developed in relation to artefact-oriented, large-scale sociotechnical networks need some modification to be satisfyingly applied in low-tech, mundane settings such as volunteer work in amateur sports.
46
Snyder, Kimberly S. "A Study Of Public School Employees' Adoption Behavior Regarding Technological Innovations." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1339185895.
47
Li, Chuen-Yueh. "Global sourcing in innovation." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1619148901&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
48
Hong, Shangqin. "Innovation and the New Zealand Manufacturing Sector." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Economics, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1869.
Abstract:
This thesis investigates the determinants of innovation in the New Zealand manufacturing sector by addressing the issue in three main parts. First, an extensive literature review is undertaken to identify definitions of innovation. A number of hypotheses are then proposed based on the international literature. Secondly, supported by the New Zealand Manufactures and Exporters Association (NZMEA), a unique dataset was collected via an Internet-based instrument, the Innovation Survey of the Manufacturing Sector. A series of regression models were then used to test the proposed hypotheses. The final part of the research involved a number of in-depth company interviews that approached the topic from a different perspective and complemented the qualitative analyses by further investigating issues that were unresolved from the survey. The research results suggest that “micro” (i.e. very small) firms may not be very innovative, and identified that practical skills and co-operation are crucial factors influencing innovation in the New Zealand manufacturing sector.
49
Лапшин, Віктор Васильович, Виктор Васильевич Лапшин, Viktor Vasylovych Lapshyn, Віталій Анатолійович Омельяненко, Виталий Анатольевич Омельяненко, Vitalii Anatoliiovych Omelianenko, Наталія Олексіївна Вернидуб, Наталия Алексеевна Вернидуб, and Nataliia Oleksiivna Vernydub. "Foresight for optimization of international innovation and technological cooperation." Thesis, Wydawca «Diamond trading tour», 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/44579.
Abstract:
One of the most important aspects of the application of foresight in IITC is the need for a state corresponding to an integrated policy that takes into account the selected priorities of innovation development, because the main purpose of foresight is not only to forecast technological development, but also the need to take account of future trends in planning and decision-making.
50
Lim, Dong-Joon. "Technological Forecasting Based on Segmented Rate of Change." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2220.
Abstract:
Consider the following questions in the early stage of new product development. What should be the target market for proposed design concepts? Who will be the competitors and how fast are they moving forward in terms of performance improvements? Ultimately, is the current design concept and targeted launch date feasible and competitive?
To answer these questions, there is a need to integrate the product benchmarking with the assessment of performance improvement so that analysts can have a risk measure for their R&D target setting practices. Consequently, this study presents how time series benchmarking analysis can be used to assist scheduling new product releases. Specifically, the proposed model attempts to estimate the "auspicious" time by which proposed design concepts will be available as competitive products by taking into account the rate of performance improvement expected in a target segment.
The empirical illustration of commercial airplane development has shown that this new method provides valuable information such as dominating designs, distinct segments, and the potential rate of performance improvement, which can be utilized in the early stage of new product development. In particular, six dominant airplanes are identified with corresponding local RoCs and, inter alia, technological advancement toward long-range and wide-body airplanes represents very competitive segments of the market with rapid changes. The resulting individualized RoCs are able to estimate the arrivals of four different design concepts, which is consistent with what has happened since 2007 in commercial airplane industry.
In addition, the case study of the Exascale supercomputer development is presented to demonstrate the predictive use of the new method. The results indicate that the current development target of 2020 might entail technical risks considering the rate of change emphasizing power efficiency observed in the past. It is forecasted that either a Cray-built hybrid system using Intel processors or an IBM-built Blue Gene architecture system using PowerPC processors will likely achieve the goal between early 2021 and late 2022. This indicates that the challenge to improve the power efficiency by a factor of 23 would require the maximum delay of 4 years to reach the Exascale supercomputer compared to the existing performance curve.