Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Technological innovations Social aspects Thailand'
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1
Chalustowski, Jan Francis. "Digital video communication : interpretive frameworks of key stakeholders." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1996. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36280/1/36280_Chalustowski_1996.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Digital Video Communication (DVC) is an emerging technology which ultimately extends to
include applications of "Virtual Reality" where both computers and participants interact in
created worlds: "worlds of information, hubs, data bases and networks," which overlay "the
physical manifestations of power, walls, boundaries, highways and cities" (Mulgan, 1991,
p.3). This new technology combines the power of the current visual media with the power of
the computer, creating an intelligent communication system with increased data capacity,
greater reliability and a greater potential for synergism.
The direction and development of DVC can be influenced by the key stakeholders with
interests in the business, industry service and entertainment sector of technology. Knowledge
of the interpretive frameworks that key stakeholders use to understand DVC may help to
clarify the present and future courses of DVC. In particular the possibility of public
influence on the emergence of DVC is examined.
This study, then, is an attempt to describe the ways in which key stakeholders understand the
emergence of DVC as revealed by their communication about DVC. The analysis therefore
emerges from the described experiences of the people who comprise the study group To achieve this, detailed secondary analyses of interviews with twenty of Australia's key
stakeholders in the emergence of DVC were conducted. Follow-up interviews were
conducted with twelve of the original respondents to review the original transcripts as well as
to establish a longitudinal perspective. Theoretically, the study is anchored in the debate
regarding technological determinism. The thesis takes the perspective that an extreme
determinist stance must be rejected as part of the process of making decisions and
implementation of this emerging technology.
The themes of analysis revealed in the study were:
• The Technological Mindset,
• The Economic Rationalist Mindset,
• Decision Making, Control and Knowledge,
• Participation and Consultation,
• New Technology and Information Access.
In place of a deterministic model for technology, DVC will be viewed as being socially
constructed. However, it is argued that a holistic, co-evolutionary approach be adopted for
introducing new technologies such as DVC where there is an emphasis on human values and
human actions which affect future systems outcomes (Stevenson, 1992). In sum, this thesis will argue that the process of technological development ought to be open
to the influence by the "collective will." This development should not assume the diffusion
of technology through society and thereby become a singular power of repressive interest to
enforce ownership and participation (Hill, 1988), but rather it should merge economic and
social goals with individual goals, and in doing so, recognise that different types of ends must
necessarily co-exist in any system of communication (Mulgan, 1991).
2
Young, Nora. "Mastery and enslavement as themes in modern discourses on technology." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59822.
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The author calls into question the primacy of the optimism/pessimism split within modern discourses on technology and suggests rather that the dominant thematic division in these discourses is that between mastery over and enslavement to technology. Each of these is criticized with respect to the faulty conception of control it implies. The author concludes with a view of technology as a social practice in order to move beyond mastery or enslavement.
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Lau, Chi-chung, and 劉治中. "Speed and immobility in urban space and cinema." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41508762.
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Maluke, Rethabile Olive. "Science and technology policies and structures in Southern Africa : a discussion of the concept of national system of innovation with reference to Malawi, Namibia and South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50089.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The interface between science and technology and the society has led to the notion of science as a social contract, in which scientists, politicians and the general public are called upon to acknowledge the urgency of using all fields of science and technology to address human needs. Science and technology is used as an instrument of change for a better quality of life and sustainable development for the present and future generations. The object of science and technology policies is to achieve specific development objectives. It is thus imperative to adopt science and technology policies that support the national development strategies. It is also important to set up science and technology structures to facilitate the proper functioning of the science and technology system. Competitiveness constitutes one of the most important challenges facing Southern Africa today. With globalization and the expansion of world trade competition, it has become more difficult for Southern African enterprise to keep up with the pace of technological developments. In the light of these challenges, most countries are driving towards the adoption of a national system of innovation (NSI) to encourage the interaction of policies, research and development, human resource development and industrial development. The study is induced by major science and technology set backs, which are common across countries in Southern Africa namely, poor co-ordination mechanisms, poor science and technology infrastructure and a lack of funding. The study provides background information on the theoretical framework of the concept of NSI. For the research method, a qualitative research design was followed with content analysis of existing documents. Published documents were used to provide information on the three countries, which were used as case studies namely Malawi, Namibia and South Africa. The main focus of the case studies is on the following: an outline of the policy goals of each of the three countries, the concept of the NSI as it is expressed by each of the countries and the science and technology structures in the three countries. The study identified poor co-ordination of science and technology activities as the key problem of all three countries. The structures differ slightly and in particular, the placement of the management of science and technology determines the efficiency of the system. The South African NSI is well established as its network is strengthened by the National Advisory Council for Innovation and the National Research and Development Strategy. Next is Namibia which has a system in place, while Malawi is still at the initial stages of setting up its NS!.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die koppelvlak tussen wetenskap en tegnologie en die gemeenskap het gelei tot die siening van wetenskap as 'n sosiale kontrak waarin wetenskaplikes, politici en die algemene publiek versoek word om te erken dat dit nodig geword het om alle vertakkinge van wetenskap en tegnologie aan te wend om menslike nood te verlig. Wetenskap en tegnologie word gebruik as 'n instrument om verandering teweeg te bring ter bevordering van 'n beter kwaliteit lewe en volhoubare ontwikkeling vir die huidige en toekomstige generasies. Die doel van 'n wetenskap en tegnologiebeleid is om spesifieke ontwikkelingsdoelstellings te verwesenlik. Dit is dus noodsaaklik dat hierdie beleid in ooreenstemming met die nasionale onwikkelingsstrategieë ontwerp moet word. Dit is ook belangrik om wetenskap en tegnologiestrukture in plek te stel wat die effektiewe funksionering van die sisteem kan vergemaklik. Mededingbaarheid is een van die grootste uitdagings wat Suider Afrika tans in die gesig staar. Met globalisering en die uitbreiding van wêreldhandel het dit moeiliker geword vir Suider Afrikaanse ondernemings om in pas te bly met tegnologiese ontwikkeling. In die lig van hierdie uitdagings stuur die meeste lande in die rigting van 'n Nasionale Sisteem vir Innovasie (NSI) om interaksie tussen beleid, navorsing en ontwikkeling, menslike hulpbronontwikkeling en industriële ontwikkeling aan te moedig. Wat aanleiding gegee het tot hierdie studie is die wetenskap en tegnologieprobleme wat algemeen voorkom in die lande in Suider Afrikaanse, naamlik onvoldoende koërdinasie meganismes, swak wetenskap en tegnologie-infrastruktuur en 'n gebrek aan fondse. 'n Kwalitatiewe navorsingsontwerp is gevolg waarin analise van die inhoud van dokumente as navorsingsmetode gebruik is. Die studie verskaf agtergrond-inligting oor die teoretiese raamwerk van die NSI konsep. Gepubliseerde dokumente is gebruik om inligting te verskaf oor die drie lande wat as gevallestudies dien, naamlik Malawi, Namibië en Suid-Afrika. Die hooffokus van die gevallestudies is soos volg: 'n raamwerk van die beleidsdoelstellings van elk van die drie lande, die konsep NSI soos toegepas deur elkeen en die wetenskap en tegnologiestrukture in elk van die betrokke lande. Die studie het swak koërdinasie van wetenskap en tegnologie-aktiwiteite as die sleutelprobleem van aldrie lande geïdentifiseer. Die strukture verskil effens van mekaar en veral die plasing van die wetenskap en tegnologiebestuur bepaal die effektiwiteit van die stelsel. Die Suid Afrikaanse NSI is goed gevestig omdat sy netwerk versterk word deur die Nasionale Adviesraad vir Innovasie en die Nasionale Navorsing- en Ontwikkelingstrategie. Volgende is Namibië wat 'n sisteem in plek het, terwyl Malawi nog maar in die beginstadium is van die daarstelling van hul NSI.
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Cooper, Benedict C. "The evolution of technology and adaptive economic behaviour." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6b6fece5-fdc3-4ac5-ad38-ca94f6aea127.
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This thesis studies the role of learning as a mechanism of economic change. Two areas are considered where this would seem to be important. First, how firms learn about new technology; and secondly, how agents learn to behave in interactive situations. A model of research and development is presented which models the process by which firms solve specific design problems. This may be by individual experimental search or by partial imitation. In the latter case, a close parallel is drawn between biological evolution, based on genetic reproduction, and technological evolution, based on firms blending existing technologies. Some economic implications of these processes are explored, including their application to stochastic learning curves, patent design and the transfer of technology to developing countries. The thesis continues by critically assessing the analogy between biological and cultural evolution often used to model how agents learn to behave in interactive situations. It is argued that the methods used by economists exploiting this analogy are often ill-suited to an economic context. Models are presented which deal with specific issues in the transition from a biological context to an economic context, including models of partnership formation, models of imperfect imitation, and models without payoff-monotonic dynamics. The issue of imperfect imitation is expanded upon in an evolutionary model of the infinitely repeated prisoners' dilemma, where it is shown that the problem of inter-generational copying fidelity may allow one to restrict attention to strategies with a very simple stochastic structure.
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Iacono, Carol Sue. "New technologies and transformations of work in postindustrial society: Toward a framework for meta-analysis." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185974.
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While most scholars agree that the development of increasingly sophisticated computer-based technologies over the past thirty years and their ubiquitous use in work settings are important technological transformations, it is still question whether they constitute large-scale and meaningful social transformations. In this dissertation, it is argued that transformations cannot be understood by studying technologies in isolated and circumscribed analyses, rather they must be understood in the historical and socio-political context of their development and use. Several important questions are being asked: Will social relations in work settings be transformed so that they are more collaborative and less hierarchical, as many proponents of new group support systems predict? Will workers in computer-using organizations share equally in the production and control of skills and knowledge? Or will the use of new technologies reinforce and reproduce the current distribution of power, authority and knowledge in organizations? In order to answer these questions, a meta-analytic framework is developed. It comprises a continuum from micro- to macro-social interaction contexts, including six key fields of action surrounding the use of new technologies: (1) design; (2) use; (3) infrastructure of support; (4) work group governance; (5) organizational contexts; and (6) organizational fields. Four field studies are conducted with in vivo, ongoing organizational work groups using three new computer-based information technologies. There is little indication that hierarchical forms of work group governance are being restructured along the lines of more flexible and collaborative forms of work organization. There is, however, some evidence for power shifts among relatively disenfranchised high status participants in ongoing project teams. In addition, distinctive cultures emerged in ongoing groups that used group collaboration systems. In the desktop computing and desktop group support system work groups, skills and knowledge about their own computing environment were differentially distributed, so that lower status workers were less knowledgeable. Thus, the routine use of new technologies is most likely to reinforce the current distribution of authority and power in organizations.
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James, Rina Lynne. "The Efficacy of Virtual Protest: Linking Digital Tactics to Outcomes in Activist Campaigns." PDXScholar, 2017. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4008.
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Activists are increasingly relying on online tactics and digital tools to address social issues. This shift towards reliance on the Internet has been shown to have salient implications for social movement formation processes; however, the effectiveness of such actions for achieving specific goals remains largely unaddressed. This study explores how the types of Internet activism and digital tools used by activism campaigns relate to success in meeting stated goals. To address these questions, the study builds on an existing framework that distinguishes between four distinct types of Internet activism: brochure-ware, which is oriented towards information distribution; e-mobilizations, which treats digital media merely as a tool for mobilizing individuals offline; online participation, which is characterized by wholly online actions such as e-petitions or virtual protests; and online organizing, where organization of a movement takes place exclusively via the internet with no face-to-face coordination by organizers.
Ordinal regression models were conducted utilizing cross-sectional data from the Global Digital Activism Data Set (GDADS), a compilation of information on 426 activism campaigns from around the world that began between 2010 and 2012; additional data regarding the types of Internet activism used was also appended to the GDADS using source materials provided within the data set. The findings suggest that use of the Internet for mobilizing offline actions is negatively associated with campaign success, but that this does not hold true for protest actions organized without use of digital tools. E-petition use was also found to be negatively related to achievement of campaign goals.
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Zhang, Huiqi. "Socioscope: Human Relationship and Behavior Analysis in Mobile Social Networks." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc30533/.
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The widely used mobile phone, as well as its related technologies had opened opportunities for a complete change on how people interact and build relationship across geographic and time considerations. The convenience of instant communication by mobile phones that broke the barrier of space and time is evidently the key motivational point on why such technologies so important in people's life and daily activities. Mobile phones have become the most popular communication tools. Mobile phone technology is apparently changing our relationship to each other in our work and lives. The impact of new technologies on people's lives in social spaces gives us the chance to rethink the possibilities of technologies in social interaction. Accordingly, mobile phones are basically changing social relations in ways that are intricate to measure with any precision. In this dissertation I propose a socioscope model for social network, relationship and human behavior analysis based on mobile phone call detail records. Because of the diversities and complexities of human social behavior, one technique cannot detect different features of human social behaviors. Therefore I use multiple probability and statistical methods for quantifying social groups, relationships and communication patterns, for predicting social tie strengths and for detecting human behavior changes and unusual consumption events. I propose a new reciprocity index to measure the level of reciprocity between users and their communication partners. The experimental results show that this approach is effective. Among other applications, this work is useful for homeland security, detection of unwanted calls (e.g., spam), telecommunication presence, and marketing. In my future work I plan to analyze and study the social network dynamics and evolution.
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Ploykitikoon, Pattravadee. "The Impact of Knowledge Inflows on the Performance of National Laboratories in Technological Latecomer Countries." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1071.
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The national laboratories (NLs) play a critical role in the economic and social development of technological latecomer countries, yet no academic study has ever quantified how knowledge inflows and internal knowledge impact the performance of the NLs. This dissertation identifies and ranks the importance of factors pertaining to knowledge inflows and project-internal knowledge, which determine the success or failure of research projects in the NLs of Thailand. A survey of 123 project managers in the NLs, which covers 208 R&D projects, has been conducted. It consists of a questionnaire and unstructured interviews in which the project managers discuss their project(s). Data from the questionnaire are analyzed by factor analysis, multiple regression and logistic regression; qualitative data from the interviews are used to interpret the quantitative results from the questionnaire.
The research finds that, regardless of a project's mission, knowledge inflows from outside the project group impact performance more significantly than knowledge from inside the project group does. Second, the capacity of R&D project groups within the NLs to absorb knowledge from external sources is very selective. Absorptive capacity does not just pertain to prior related knowledge; it is also a function of the source of external knowledge, the knowledge pathway into the project group, the source of complementary or substitutive knowledge that resides within the project group, and the mission to which the knowledge contributes. Third, the NLs face an ambidexterity challenge that is commonly observed in private industry--exploiting current capabilities interferes with the national laboratories' capability to explore.
The discovery of selective absorption of knowledge provides practicing managers with a toolkit of micro-levers with which they can enhance performance as measured by a variety of metrics in highly specific ways. The dissertation also proposes and validates a theoretical framework for knowledge management that decomposes the national laboratory system into nine knowledge subsystems, which can be managed at a relatively low level of the organization. The methods by which this research has been conducted can be used as a tool to benchmark how knowledge management practices in different R&D organizations and environments impact performance. Guidelines for structural adjustments to the national innovation system, which are based on these contributions, should enable policymakers in most countries to implement an Open Innovation program for their national laboratories and enhance the ambidexterity of their organizations.
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Tapsall, Suellen Maree. "Technological talespinning : new media and higher education in the USA : an examination of technological determinism." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1998. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/35889/6/35889_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis examines the theory of technological determinism, which espouses
the view that technological change drives social change, through an analysis of
the impact of new media on higher education models in the United States of
America. In so doing, it explores the impacts of new media technologies on
higher education, in particular, and society in general.
The thesis reviews the theoretical shape of the discourse surrounding new
media technologies before narrowing in on utopian claims about the impact of
new media technologies on education. It tests these claims through a specific
case study of higher education in the USA. The study investigates whether
'new' media technologies (eg the Internet) are resulting in new forms of
higher education in the USA and whether the blurring of information and
entertainment technologies has caused a similar blurring in education and
entertainment providers. It uses primary data gathered by the author in a series
of interviews with key education, industry and media representatives in North
America in 1997.
Chapter 2 looks at the literature and history surrounding several topics central
to the thesis - the discourses of technological determinism, the history of
technology use and adoption in education, and impacts of new media
technologies on education. Chapter 3 presents the findings of the American
case study on the relationship between media and higher education and
Chapter 4 concludes and synthesises the investigation.
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Lin, Zhong Xuan. "Towards a politics of ourselves :Chinese internet celebrity's practices of self-governance." Thesis, University of Macau, 2017. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3690692.
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Ryan, John. "A uses and gratifications study of the Internet social interaction site LambdaMOO : talking with "Dinos"." Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/958777.
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One approach to studying media is uses and gratifications, a model that suggests media audiences can explain why and for what purpose they use the media. This study took a Uses and Gratifications approach to the Internet social interaction site LambdaMOO. On LambdaMOO, users log on and create an alternate persona to interact with other users. Using a set of questions, 222 selected LambdaMOO users were asked about why they use LambdaMOO, their actions as an alternate persona and their opinions on LambdaMOO. Answers from the subjects were content analyzed to find commonality against several preselected categories and sub-categories. Upon analysis, the subjects were found to use LambdaMOO for talking to other users, "building" up the site through programming and surveying the current events and political movements on the site. Also, the subjects were determined not to act different from their real life actions and preceived attitudes, although the opportunity for freedom through anonymity was everpresent.Department of Journalism
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Uys, Cornelia Susanna. "Framework for evaluating information technology benefits in local communities." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2283.
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Thesis (DTech (Informatics))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015.Governments of the developing world, including South Africa, have a strong commitment and resolve to accelerate the rollout of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to achieve developmental benefits in communities. Consequently both government and the private sector are delivering a number of interventions in South Africa based on Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D). Hard evidence regarding the development benefits of ICT4D interventions is lacking and there is little agreement on measures to evaluate the benefits of such projects. One possible reason for this is that there are no established evaluation frameworks to assess the benefits. Frameworks used in ICT4D evaluation are investigated in this study to ascertain their usefulness to identify benefits of ICT4D initiatives. Sen’s Capability Approach defines development as freedom. An example of such development can be the process of providing opportunities through ICT and meaningful ways to use these opportunities to realise various benefits. Tangible benefits are simple to identify (e.g. number of people using the public access centre, or number of people finding employment). Intangible benefits include the real ‘wins’—capabilities garnered through access and meaningful use of ICT, leading to the recognition of new opportunities for the users of the public access centres. Sen’s Capability Approach is operationalised, demonstrating the inclusion of a person’s agency and conversion factors that inhibit or enhance utilisation of opportunities and choices in realising benefits. The SmartCape initiative is a 2002 ICT4D intervention established in the libraries of Cape Town, South Africa, and is used as a case in this research study. The libraries act as public access centres that provide free ICT and Internet access to library members in the community. Surveys completed by users of these centres provided useful quantitative data. A broad spectrum of qualitative data was gleaned from interviews and focus groups with users of the ICT centre at a recently established library and with focus groups from other centres in two underserved areas of Cape Town. Quantitative data analysis techniques applied to qualitative content data was used to investigate users’ diverse perceptions. An initial framework guided the analysis of data to identify the benefits realised by the users of the public access centre. Perceptions of a changed life, aspirations for a better life, and ‘hope’ emerged as intangible benefits. On the intangible side, the effect of keyboard proficiency, greater ease in finding information, and a preference for accessing the Internet at a public access centre emerged as having a significant effect on the hopefulness of PAC users. Two theme-groups were identified through using co- occurrences of themes and the statistical techniques of cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling. The Benefits-framework, produced by this study, based on Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach, represents the relationship between all the themes, includes emergent intangible benefits and can be used to identify the benefits of ICT4D interventions in public access centres. This study also produces empirical evidence of the developmental impact of the SmartCape ICT4D programme in Cape Town and thus provides evidence of its value.
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Duffett, Rodney Graeme. "Social media as a marketing communication channel amongst Generation Y : a new paradigm for hierarchy response models." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2090.
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Thesis (MTech (Marketing))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015.The rapid growth of social media has resulted in digital information and communications technology (ICT) channels for individuals to connect with each other and the rest of their world. Consequently, social network sites (SNS) and other mobile applications have become an integral part of life, as well as a daily destination for billions of individuals, offering them novel and an instant means of communication in this interactive ICT space. Internet, social media and smartphone usage are also expanding prolifically in developing countries such as South Africa (SA). This incremental expansion of social media usage is directly related to the progression of Internet usage across the globe, primarily as a result of the irrevocable dissemination of smartphones. The use of social media has become the most common activity among modern adolescents and young adults (referred to as Generation Y or Millennials). SNS such as Facebook, Mxit, YouTube, Twitter, LinkedIn, Google+ and numerous others have grown exponentially in recent years, enabling Generation Y with a portal for entertainment and communication. The increase of social media adoption has captured the attention of marketers and consumers alike on a global scale, and with the quickly changing communication environments, marketers now confront new challenges in terms of understanding consumer behaviour, attitudinal responses and consumption patterns in the new millennium. Social media brings with it powerful opportunities for brands to engage with young consumers; create real time conversations; and provide immediate feedback via interactive marketing communications at a fraction of the cost compared to traditional media advertising. Internet and social media usage, as well as access, grown has prolifically in SA, while minimal research has been conducted regarding attitudes towards social network advertising (SNA). Millennials are sophisticated and technology savvy, therefore, social media is important to them to maintain contact with their friends, and to continually interact in the digital environment. Hence, it is important for organisations to strategically market their brands in a way that would appeal to this market, which is notoriously difficult to reach. Furthermore, Generation Y consumers have huge buying power and also exert a major influence on their household purchase behaviour, so their social media usage and attitudes towards various ICT platforms media are important to marketers. A complete knowledge base of this generation will enable brands to increase their marketing communication effectiveness when targeting this cohort. Yet, many organisations have used SNA without truly discerning the real attitudinal effect that it has on their young consumers
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Turyagyenda, Joy Kyarimpa. "Participants' perceptions of Computer-Mediated Communication: a case study of the Global Teenager Project." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003570.
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The study outlines general trends evident in Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC), participants’ perceptions and the promotion of CMC across the curriculum in a South African Secondary School. This case study focuses on the Global Teenager Project (GTP), which started as a bi-national pilot project in April 1999 between secondary schools in South Africa and the Netherlands. The study sets out to investigate how well the GTP can be incorporated into the existing school curriculum through the teacherresearcher’s direct involvement in facilitating the project at a school where she is a fulltime teacher. The main purpose of the study is to review existing literature to establish how collaborative learning could be achieved through a CMC environment between teenagers from various countries based on the research done at an international level and link the practice at this school to the existing international trends. It was found that the GTP has great potential in enhancing collaborative learning within various learning areas at Nathaniel Nyaluza Secondary School (NNSS). Despite the usefulness of the GTP and the overwhelming enthusiasm learners displayed, its success at NNSS depended on the motivation of teachers and how easily the activities of the GTP could be incorporated within day-to-day teachers’ activities.Hodgkinson, Cheryl
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Keyser, Nicolet. "The transition from an object-oriented to a systems-oriented approach in art, leading to a redefinition of the concept of sculpture." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52031.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this thesis I look at the impact of technology on the concept of sculpture. However, I am more concerned with the principles behind technological change as influence, than looking at high-technology advances. A key issue that I address is the consideration of changes in society and art, and I ask the question, to what extent does three-dimensional art remain in any traditional sense 'sculpture'? It is my objective to show these changes, indicated by the transition from an object-oriented to a systems-oriented approach in art leading to a redefinition of the concept of sculpture. Although I deal with my practical work as a separate part in the thesis, there is a close integration and mutual objectives between the practical and theoretical components. The transition occurring in sculpture can directly be traced to the technological advances in society. Scientific knowledge in any period of history reflects the way people understand their world, thus affecting human perceptions of the natural world and in turn influencing artistic creation. In Chapter One, attention is given in general to some of these scientific discoveries, for example the shift from classical science to an organismic approach with its focus on the interconnectedness of all things. Also of importance is the beginning of Chaos Theory, introducing the element of chance. In Chapter Two, more specific changes in the concept of art and sculpture are dealt with. Referring to some important predecessors earlier in the zo" century. I look at art becoming an interactive system, and find the interrelationship between sculpture and architecture useful in illustrating this, because of the foregrounding of the concept of space. In Chapter Three, I examine the different way that artists deal with the issues of urbanity', for example, the Minimalists putting emphasis on the idea of sculpture as an infinitely malleable category. Shifting definitions of urbanity were responses to specific new conditions in the environment, for example, as seen in the changing features of the city. Chapter Four deals with contemporary artists' response to these conditions, starting with examples of an object-oriented approach to sculpture, moving step by step towards a different systems-oriented approach. To conclude, I speculate on all the possibilities that the virtual environments that modern computers allow us to create may for the first time open up. We are at the beginning of a new century full of promise to artists in all fields.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie tesis kyk ek na die impak van tegnologie op die konsep van beeldhou. Maar, ek is egter meer geintereseerd in die invloed van die beginsels agter tegnologiese verandering as in die gebruik van uiters gevorderde tegnologiese instrumente. 'n Belangrike aspek vir my is die wyse waarop die veranderinge in die samelewing afgedruk work op kuns. Derhalwe vra ek tot watter mate drie-dimensionele kuns op enige tradisionele wyse steed as 'beeldhou' beskou kan word? Dit is my doelwit om hierdie veranderinge uit te wys, soos gesien kan word in die transformasie vanaf 'n objek-gerigte benadering na 'n sisteem-gerigte benadering tot die konsep van beeldhou. Hoewel ek die praktiese werk as 'n aparte deel van die tesis hanteer, is daar in nabye integrasie met gemeenskaplike doelwitte tussen die praktiese en teoretiese komponente. Die transformasie in beeldhou kan direk verbind word met die tegnologiese vooruitgang in die samelewing. Wetenskaplike kennis van enige tydperk, is 'n indikasie van die wyse waarop die mense hulomgewing verstaan. Dus affekteer dit mense se persepsie van die natuur, en in reaksie die persepsie van die kunstenaar. In hoofstuk een, word aandag gegee in die algemeen aan sommige van hierdie wetenskaplike ontdekkings, byvoorbeeld die skuif vanaf klassieke wetenskap na 'n organismiese benadering met sy fokus op die integrasie van alle dinge. Ook belangrik is die onstaan van Chaos Teorie wat klem plaas op die onvoorspelbaarheid van dinge. In hoofstuk twee kyk ek na meer spesifieke veranderinge in die konsep van kuns in die algemeen, asook beeldbou. Daar word terugverwys na sommige belangrike kunstenaars aan die begin van die 20ste eeu. Klem word geplaas op kuns as interaktiewe sisteem, en ek vind die interverhouding tussen beeldhou en argitektuur as 'n belangrike voorbeeld, as gevolg van die benadering tot die konsep van ruimte. Hoofstuk drie ondersoek die verskeie wyses waarop beeldhouers kyk na kwessies soos verstedeliking, byvoorbeeld die Minimaliste met hul beklemtoning van die idee van beeldhou as manipuleerbare kategorie. AI hierdie veranderinge is 'n reaksie op spesifieke nuwe kondisies binne die samelewing, byvoorbeeld soos gesien in die veranderende kenmerke van stede. Hoostuk vier deel dan spesifiek met hedendaagse beeldhouers se reaksie op hierdie kondisies, met die doelom voorbeelde te bespreek van van 'n objek-gerigte benadering tot beeldhou asook 'n sisteem-gerigte benadering tot beeldhou. Om af te sluit, spekuleer ek oor al die nuwe moontlikhede wat 'virtuele realiteif, daar gestel deur die moderne rekenaars, aan beeldhou kan bied. Ons staan aan die begin van 'n nuwe eeu vol potensiaal vir kunstenaars op alle gebiede.
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Ma, Yingying. "Impact of social media use on political participation : narcissism, perceived anonymity and social norms as mediators." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/677.
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Social media use is a pivotal driver for political engagement. The present study extended previous research by exploring the simple and serial mediating roles of narcissism, perceived anonymity, descriptive norms, and subjective norms in this relationship. Structural equation modeling (SEM) with bootstrapping estimation was conducted for hypothesis testing using data from 579 Hong Kong university students. Modeling results revealed that perceived anonymity, descriptive norms, and subjective norms are significant mediators of the relationship between social media use and political participation. Moreover, descriptive norms, together with perceived anonymity, were found to mediate the relationship. Likewise, narcissism combined with descriptive norms proved to be significant mediators of the relationship. Additionally, a distal mediation effect of descriptive norms and subjective norms proved to be significant. Based on these results, a subsequent parallel mediation analysis was conducted, revealing that perceived anonymity is the most influential indicator among perceived anonymity, subjective norms, and descriptive norms of the relationship of social media use and political participation. The study concluded by comparing male and female respondents in terms of political participation. The result showed that male respondents were generally more active than female respondents in both online and offline political activities, which agrees with prior research findings. Collectively, the current study provides a new perspective from which we can further understand the effects of social media use on political engagement.
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Levenda, Anthony Michael. "Configuring the Urban Smart Grid: Transitions, Experimentation, and Governance." PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3290.
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In the face of challenges of energy security, decarbonization, resilience, and the replacement of aging infrastructure systems, federal, state, and local actors are facilitating the development of smart electricity networks to transition towards a more sustainable electricity system. In the United States, development of "smart grids" is being pursued as a national policy mandate and goal, promising that the deployment of smart grid technologies -- referring in general to digital information and communication technologies that sense, monitor, control and manage the electric grid -- will make electricity systems more environmentally sustainable and reliable, and at the same time, provide opportunities for growth and innovation.
This dissertation examines and analyzes three interconnected issues relating to these sociotechnical changes in electricity infrastructure: the material and discursive construction of the smart grid, urban smart grid experimentation, and the mobility of smart grid models and knowledge. A conceptual framework is proposed for investigating sociotechnical transitions that accounts for dimensions of power and politics that are commonly overlooked in conventional analysis, and highlights how governance regimes shape and are shaped by sociotechnical change. Utilizing Foucauldian discourse analysis and relational comparative case study methodology, this dissertation analyzes the development of the smart grid as a governmental program highlighting its rationalities, techniques, and imagined subjects.
The findings of these analyses suggest that the transition to a smarter grid involves much more than top-down policy mandates; significant urban experimentation is involved, as well as inter-city learning that is shaped by local political economy and broader political rationalities. This dissertation also argues for a synthesis between policy mobilities and sociotechnical transitions theory, highlighting through case studies how urban smart grid experiments are influenced by experiences and knowledge generated from "vanguard" cities. The conclusion of this dissertation is that the creation of the smart grid is far from a purely technical infrastructural intervention, and instead, requires significant changes in the everyday social practices and conduct of energy consumers, while also reconfiguring the city, engaging in a material politics in order to govern energy transitions.
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Andjelkovic, Maja. "Mimetic processes in entrepreneurship ecosystems : the cases of mobile technology entrepreneurship networks in Nairobi, Kathmandu and London." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:935a8a55-f63f-458f-b462-17cad23c040e.
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This qualitative study of networks of entrepreneurs in the mobile technology industry in three ecosystems - Kathmandu, Nairobi and London - examines perceptions and attitudes of entrepreneurs related to their networking activities. The focus is on understanding the entrepreneurs' motivations for, and benefits and risks of networking, as well as the overall trends of development of the three ecosystems, which are very different from each other in terms of socioeconomic circumstances. The findings provide new insights into the link between the concept of a community of supportive peers and the acquisition of subjective resources, such as self-efficacy and legitimacy, while also supporting conclusions of earlier empirical and theoretical work linking networks with the acquisition of resources necessary for founding and building a new firm. A comparison of results across the three ecosystems uncovers a strong tendency towards institutional convergence of the three ecosystems based on a model inspired by the Silicon Valley experience. The mechanisms through which this is found to occur are mimesis and storytelling, motivated primarily by learning goals and the pursuit of legitimacy for entrepreneurial action in the mobile technology industry, as well as for the individual ventures. The overall finding emerging from the cases is that, despite significant differences, the three ecosystems are reliant on a shared pool of relevant information and knowledge, via the Internet and through personal and organizational connections. They resemble one another not only in terms of resources sought by entrepreneurs through their networks, but also in the ways entrepreneurs signal their purpose and value to their community, and in the way the describe their environment - through references to other entrepreneurship ecosystems. In the absence of an existing theoretical approach to analyzing convergence of diverse entrepreneurship ecosystems, the study proposes a framework based on DiMaggio and Powell's theory of institutional isomorphism, and integrating the works of Wiewel and Hunter, on legitimacy-building by association through networks, and Djelic, on the process of cross-national transfer, or export, of economic models. The type of isomorphism perceived is termed "aspirational," since it is found to occur in the context of pursuing a specific outcome previously achieved by the application of a particular institutional model. The difference between "aspirational isomorphism" and behaviours described by DiMaggio and Powell lies in the interpretation and adaptation of a model that can then be embedded in a nascent institutional environment (in this case, an entrepreneurial ecosystem). Rather than pure mimesis, aspirational isomorphism is a flexible and creative endeavor.
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Meyers, Neville Thomas. "Personal control beliefs and sustainable telecommuting : an exploration of relationships." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1999.
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Tszesnioski, Roberta Reis Bahia. "A história das invenções contada por Monteiro Lobato: um olhar sobre o progresso, trabalho e tecnologia." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2014. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1163.
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A presente dissertação tem por objetivo analisar as representações do trabalhador, trabalho, tecnologia e progresso presentes na obra infantil História das Invenções, de Monteiro Lobato, publicada em 1935. Considera-se que as representações de tecnologia, progresso e trabalho, presentes na obra, demonstram o processo de recontextualização, realizado por Monteiro Lobato, ao adaptar a obra de Hendrik van Loon, ao contexto brasileiro, o qual é marcado por novos tensionamentos políticos, econômicos e ideológicos. Para tanto, faz-se necessário verificar que perspectiva de progresso está contemplada na obra, uma vez que, para o escritor brasileiro, o progresso está associado a alguns tipos de invenções, que impactaram o universo do trabalho. São apresentadas duas óticas de progresso apresentadas na narrativa: em um primeiro momento como processo evolutivo pelo qual o ser humano passou, ideia fortemente relacionada às teorias evolucionistas. Em um segundo momento, o autor mostra o progresso como instrumento de modernização, estando estreitamente relacionado com as invenções, consideradas como aparatos tecnológicos, são extensões dos organismos humanos. Também discute-se a abordagem de Monteiro Lobato sobre a utilização da maquinaria e sua relação com o trabalhador. Será visto que, para o escritor brasileiro, a máquina veio para tornar o trabalho do homem eficiente e completo, sendo instrumento fundante do progresso humano e mecanismo de racionalização e aperfeiçoamento do trabalhador. Procuramos demonstrar que a ideia de progresso em Lobato está associada à mecanização do trabalho, que traria modernização à estrutura social e econômica do país.The present dissertation aims to analyze the representations of the worker,work, technology and progress in child labor ―História das Invenções‖, of Monteiro Lobato, published in 1935. It is considered that the representations of technology, progress and work, present in the work, demonstrate the process of recontextualization, directed by Monteiro Lobato, by adapting the work of Hendrik van Loon, to the Brazilian context, which is marked by new political, economic and ideological tensions. To this end, it is necessary to verify that the perspective of progress is included in the work, since, for the Brazilian writer, progress is associated with some types of inventions, which impacted the world of work. Two progress concepts are presented in the narrative: at first the evolutionary process by which the human being passed, idea strongly related to evolutionary theories. In a second moment, the author shows the progress as a tool of modernization, being closely related to inventions. The inventions considered as a technological apparatus, are extensions of human bodies. Also discusses the approach of Monteiro Lobato on the use of the machinery and its relationship with the employee. It will be seen that, for the Brazilian writer, the machine came to make work efficient and complete man, being a fundamental instrument of human progress and a mechanism of rationalization and improvement of the worker. We will seek to demonstrate that the idea of progress in Lobato is associated with the mechanization of the work, which would bring modernization to the social and economic structure of the country.
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Savarese, Josephine. "The gifts of the chip? : the regulation of occupational health and safety in the post-industrial age." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30324.
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In the face of the extensive changes resulting from the Post-Industrial Age, many are questioning "the gifts of the chip," or, more specifically, the ability of computer technologies to deliver the comfort predicted. The objective of this thesis is to examine the law's response to computer technology concerning occupational health and safety. This inquiry is necessary due to the dramatic changes that have occurred in the workforce, altering the profile of workplace health.The thesis begins with a reference to The Gift of Stones, a fictional account of the difficulties that stone workers experienced when the Bronze Age arrived. Modern labourers face parallel struggles due to the arrival of the Post-Industrial Age characterized by technological innovation and restructuring. The legitimacy and effectiveness of occupational health and safety law is challenged by changes to social institutions and by computer related work injuries.
In many jurisdictions, the state has responded to these changes by enacting ergonomic standards that seek to minimize the harmful effects of computer use. The thesis examines the trend towards ergonomic standards with particular focus on Canadian initiatives. In conclusion, it argues that ergonomic regulations are an important means of promoting safer computer practices. Additionally, ergonomic standards provide a mechanism for continued state regulation of occupational health and safety. The challenge for rule makers is ensuring that the standards are a component of comprehensive legal reforms.
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Chan, In San. "A comparative study on the perceived responsibility of Internet speech between university students in Macao and US." Thesis, University of Macau, 2011. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2272600.
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Hallage, Mariana Leonhardt. "Comunicação digital de moda: entre o visível e o volátil na construção de imagens de marca." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21159.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This study intends to understand how fashion brands keep their strategies of branding and its own stories, while being internet’s social agents, through real time communication in digital social medias. The analysis is based by the view of the conflicting dynamic between the need showed by brands to be always visible and the scheduled volatility of images and videos produced in the cyberspace, particularly in social medias which its premise surrounds the idea of producing content units that lasts in visibility only for only day after being created and started its disclosure. To achieve this main reflection of thoughts, we intend to analyze the ephemeral audiovisual content production that three brands, being in the market as fast-fashions, besides of observing how they hand with their own image complexities by passing information of branding for volatile images. The logic of digital communication in real time and the one of fashion system are incredibly like each other, in terms of language and expressions of the needs of these brands, which will be also included here, in conclusion of this study. It will be elaborated case studies analyzing the brands C&A Brasil, Forever21 and Topshop, in their activities on digital social medias Snapchat and Instagram Stories, by collecting sixty days of image production. Talking about results, we could found content units which helps on the creation of a singular narrative strategy for each brand, maintaining their media visibility to their spectators
O presente estudo busca entender como algumas marcas de moda reiteram suas narrativas, enquanto agentes sociais na internet, através da comunicação em tempo real nas redes sociais digitais. A análise é balizada tendo em vista a dinâmica conflitante entre a necessidade que possuem, de estarem sempre visíveis, e a volatilidade programada das imagens e vídeos produzidos no ciberespaço, especificamente em redes sociais digitais, cuja premissa é que se produzam unidades de conteúdo, que durem por até um dia após o início de sua veiculação. Para atingir essa principal reflexão, analisa-se a produção de conteúdo audiovisual efêmero que três marcas em regime fast-fashion elaboraram, além de observar como lidam com complexidades imagéticas, na passagem de informação de imagem de marca para imagens voláteis. As lógicas de comunicação digital em tempo real e do sistema de moda apresentam pontos de convergência e similaridades, em termos de linguagem e expressão dos anseios dos agentes do mercado, que também serão abordados na dissertação. A análise dos dados percorre sessenta dias das marcas C&A Brasil, Forever 21 e Topshop, nas redes sociais digitais Snapchat e Instagram Stories, avaliando suas produções imagéticas. Como resultados, são evidenciados conteúdos que visam criar estrategicamente algumas narrativas, para auxiliarem as marcas na construção de uma imagem própria, singular
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Sedumedi, Boitshoko Kaelo. "Organisational and industrial practice in the steel industry : a sociology of science study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50053.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The study investigated the nature of a steel production process in South Africa. The Iron and Steel Corporation of South Africa (Iscor) was analysed within various theoretical approaches within the sociology of science and technology. Iscor follows the production processes that are based on a particular paradigm practiced throughout the world by steel-making organisations. The study aims to unlock this paradigm by using specific theoretical (ANT, SCOT and SSR) and disciplinary (MOT) approaches. Each approach provides a unique analytical dimension to the study: the influence of various human and non-human actors, the influence of social pressures, the historical evolution of the current practices and the management of risk. The study explores how Iscor adheres to mainstream scientific work. Hence there is a focus on endogeneous approaches - "processes of technological change and their outcomes are part of what has to be explained and understood" (Rip et ai, 1995). It is also noted that the technologies are derived from practical experiences and processes of scientific research. There is an ongoing attempt to formulate an understanding between technical and social content of steel-making processes because automated plant machinery continue to replace manual labour. Finally, the study investigates how dominant steel-making technologies within lscor's Vanderbijlpark (VP) and Saldanah Bay (SB) plants have evolved to achieve a position of stability.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie het oorsake van die staal produksie proses in Suid Afrika geondersoek. Die Yster en Staal Korperasie van Suid Afrika (Yskor) was geanaliseer binne die verskillende teoretiese benaderings in die sosiologie van wetenskap en tegnologie. Yskor volg 'n produksie wat gebaseer is op 'n spesifieke paradigm wat deur alle staal vervaardigde organisasie wereld wyd gepraktiseer word. Die studie beoog om hierdie paradigm te ontbloot, deur spesifieke teoretiese (ANT, SCOT and SSR) en disiplinere (MOT) benaderings te gebruik. Elk van hierdie benaderings sal 'n unieke analiese demensie voortbring aan die studie: die invloed van verskillende menslike en nie-menslike aspekte, die invloed van sosiale druk, die geskiedkundige evolusie van die huidige praktyke en die bestuur van risikos. Die studie ondersoek hoe Yskor riglyne volg in die wetenskaplike veld. AI te mits is daar 'n mikpunt op endogeniese benadering - "tegnologiese prosese verandering en die resultate wat deel vorm van hoe die proses verduidelik word en verstandbaar moet wees" (Rip et al, 1995). Dis is dus duidelik dat die tegnologie verkry word deur praktiese ondervinding en wetenskappe navorsing prosese. Daar is voortdurend pogings om die verwantskap tussen tegniese en die sosiale inhoud van die staal vervaardigings prosese te formuleer, deurdat auto-matiese mashienerie all deurgans oorneem van werkers. Laastens die studie ondersoek hoe die dominante staal vervaardigde tegnologie binne in Yskor Vanderbijlpark (VP) en Saldanha Baai (SB) verander het om 'n stabiele stands poort te verkry.
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Caswell, Thomas Hubbard. "Designing an online support community for novice computer users." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2504.
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This project seeks to identify characteristics of successful online communities and apply them to designing and prototyping an online discussion forum where novice computer users can share computer questions and answers. Usability and sociability are identified as essential goals in the development of online communities. Appropriate and effective Computer Mediated Communication (CMC) software is evaluated and selected to run the discussion forum.
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Ruhode, Estery. "ICTS for empowering women in SMEs in the Cape Metropolitan area, Western Cape." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1774.
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Thesis (MTech( Business Information))-- Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011Women, being important stakeholders of the community, are lagging behind in terms of economic empowerment. Their opportunity to participate actively in business in the past was hindered by various discriminatory policies that were in place. ICTs have the forte to empower and increase the knowledge base of the women in SMEs through information dissemination. The argument is that women in South Africa and indeed in many other developing countries have not embraced technology in their everyday businesses as much as their male counterparts. This study therefore explores how women in SMEs in the Cape Metropolitan, Western Cape are utilising ICTs to empower themselves to overcome the economic discrimination they have suffered in the past.In order to collect relevant data and obtain deep insights about the utilisation of ICTs by women in SMEs, a qualitative research method was applied enabling respondents to articulate their experiences concerning the use of ICTs in their businesses. Women of all races were selected using the snowball sampling method and were interviewed. The population involved women in SMEs from the five suburbs of Claremont, Rondebosch, Gardens, Pinelands and Mowbray.The findings of the study are that women in SMEs in the Cape Metropole are utilising various ICTs to empower themselves in their businesses. They are exchanging business documentation with other business resulting in marketing of their entities. Women in SMEs are taking advantage of the fast growing social and business networking technologies such Facebook, LinkedIn, Flickr, Twitter, Skype and blogs to promote marketing of their various products and services, gaining mileage in publicity and also managing their expenditures.ICTs enable women to work anytime, anywhere affording them the opportunity to take care of their families which they could not do while they were employed in the corporate world. Some of the women in SMEs reported that they can now independently negotiate business deals due to increase in their self-esteem and also have access to available information in their areas of expertise.
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Waghid, Faiq. "Towards the democratisation of senior phase school science through the applicatin of educational technology." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85577.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this dissertation I report on an action research study in relation to the democratisation of science education in a Grade 10 life sciences classroom at a local high school through the application of educational technology, more specifically social network media such as Facebook. I argue that action research for social justice with the support of educational technology can contribute towards cultivating critical teaching and learning in the science classroom, thus contributing to the democratisation of science education in schools. In the main, this study shows that educational technology can contribute to the democratisation of science education in classrooms in relation to teaching contentious issues in the current life sciences school curriculum on three levels: firstly, learners and educators can experience enhanced levels of participation, collaboration and deliberation through Facebook; secondly, learners can construct personal learning contexts as a testament to the sense of autonomy they have (and can acquire) in learning about life sciences, particularly as they endeavour to nurture their critical and problem-solving skills, construct and apply life sciences knowledge, and integrate understandings of life sciences into the context of societal change; and thirdly, learners and educators can cultivate equal partnerships in the sense that equality refers to their insistence to „rupture‟ and „disrupt‟ pedagogical activities in the life sciences classroom. Finally, this study also reveals that critical teaching and learning in the life sciences classroom cannot be oblivious to poststructuralist thought on learning to think and act rhizomatically as opposed to hierarchically and linearly, and that exercising one‟s individual autonomy through a claim to intellectual equality can simply be pedagogical ingredients that can further enhance democratic science education in schools.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie proefskrif doen ek verslag oor ‟n aksienavorsingstudie in verband met die demokratisering van wetenskaponderwys in ‟n Graad 10 lewenswetenskappe- klaskamer in ‟n plaaslike skool deur die toepassing van onderwystegnologie, meer spesifiek sosiale netwerkmedia soos Facebook. Ek argumenteer dat aksienavorsing vir sosiale geregtigheid met die ondersteuning van onderwystegnologie kan bydra tot die kultivering van kritiese onderrig en leer in die wetenskapklaskamer, wat dus bydra tot die demokratisering van wetenskaponderwys in skole. Hierdie studie bewys hoofsaaklik dat onderwystegnologie op drie vlakke kan bydra tot die demokratisering van wetenskaponderwys in klaskamers met verwysing na omstrede vraagstukke in die huidige lewenswetenskappe-skoolkurrikulum: eerstens kan leerders en opvoeders hoë vlakke van deelname, samewerking en beraadslaging deur Facebook ervaar; tweedens kan leerders persoonlike leerkontekste konstrueer as bevestiging van hulle sin van outonomiteit wat hulle bekom (en kan aanleer) deur leer oor die lewenswetenskappe, veral soos hulle poog om kritiese en probleemoplossingsvaardighede uit te bou, wetenskapskennis te konstrueer en toe te pas, en betekenisse van lewenswetenskappe in die konteks van sosiale verandering kan integreer; en derdens kan leerders en opvoeders gelyke verhoudings kweek in soverre gelykheid verwys na hulle aandrang daarop om pedagogiese aktiwiteite in die lewenswetenskappe-klaskamer te „verbreek‟ en te „ontwrig‟. Ten slotte wys hierdie studie dat kritiese onderrig en leer in die lewenswetenskappe-klaskamer nie onbewus kan wees van poststrukturalistiese denke oor die aanleer van risomatiese eerder as hiërargiese en liniêre denke en optrede nie, en dat die uitleef van individuele outonomie deur aanspraak te maak op intellektuele gelykheid die pedagogiese inspuiting kan wees wat benodig word om demokratiese wetenskaponderwys verder in skole te bevorder.
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Versino, Mariana Selva. "Analise socio-tecnica de processos de produção de tecnologias intensivas em conhecimento em paises subdesenvolvidos : a trajetoria de uma empresa nuclear e espacial argentina (1970-2005)." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286781.
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Orientador: Hernan Eduardo ThomasTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias
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Resumo: A tese analisa como tem sido possível o desenvolvimento de tecnologias intensivas em conhecimento bem sucedidas em termos comerciais, em países em que existe escassa relação entre pesquisa e produção e onde o usual é a manufatura de bens com pequeno valor agregado. O estudo focaliza-se em processos concretos de criação e incorporação de conhecimentos à produção, desde uma abordagem sócio-técnica que integra as dimensões sociais, econômica, política e ideológica, analisadas de forma isolada e como ¿fatores externos¿ à produção da tecnologia na literatura existente. A pesquisa analisa as estratégias desenvolvidas pelos diferentes atores (engenheiros, pesquisadores, técnicos, empresários, clientes, fornecedores, funcionários etc.) participantes dos processos de construção de tecnologias intensivas em conhecimentos.Para isso, se estuda a trajetória sócio-técnica de uma empresa Argentina de capital nacional, exportadora de tecnologia nos setores espacial e nuclear, com uma permanência no mercado há mais de uma descada, e que baseia sua vantagem competitiva no uso intensivo do conhecimento. Utilizam-se categorias teóricas da sociologia da tecnologia e da economia da inovação, a partir de uma triangulação conceitual e de uma análise crítica para a compreensão da realidade latino-americana. A metodologia do trabalho é qualitativa e histórica. Utiliza fontes secundárias além da realização de trabalho de campo com entrevistas na empresa. A tese leva a compreender os processos de aprendizagem, produção e utilização do conhecimento em países subdesenvolvidos e ao enriquecimento das ferramentas teórico-conceituais do campo Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS) para a análise dos processos de mudança tecnológica e inovação na América Latina. Ao mesmo tempo, os resultados da pesquisa são um insumo de interesse para o desenho e planejamento das políticas de C&T e de inovação nacionais e regionais
Abstract: The thesis analyzes how has been possible the development of knowledge-intensive technologies comercially suscessful, in countries where there is a weak relationship between research and production and where the usual is the manufacture of goods with small joined value. The study is focused in concrete processes of criation and incorporation of knowledge to production, from a sociotechnical approach that integrates the social, economical, political and ideological dimensions considered in an isolated way and as ¿external factors¿ to the production of technology in the existent literature. The research seeks to understand the strategies developed by the different actors (engineers, researchers, technicians, entrepreneurs, customers, suppliers, employees etc.) participants of the processes of construction of knowledge-intensive technologies. For that, it is studied the sociotechnical trajectory of an Argentinean company of national capital, technology exporter in the space and nuclear sectors, with a permanence in the market of more than one decade and that bases its competitive advantage on the intensive use of knowledge. Theoretical categories of the sociology of technology and the economy of innovation are used, based on a conceptual triangulation and on a critical analysis for the understanding of the Latin-American reality. The methodology of the work is qualitative and historical. It uses secondary sources besides the accomplishment of field work with interviews in the company. The thesis intends to understand the learning processes, production and use of knowledge in underdeveloped countries and contribute to the enrichment of the theoretical tools of Science and Technology Studies (STS) for the analysis of the processes of technological change and innovation in Latin America. At the same time, the results of the research are an interesting input for the drawing and planning of Science, Technology and Innovation national policies
Doutorado
Doutor em Política Científica e Tecnológica
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Kativu, Tatenda Kevin. "A framework for the secure consumerisation of mobile, handheld devices in the healthcare institutional context." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18630.
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The advances in communication technologies have resulted in a significant shift in the workplace culture. Mobile computing devices are increasingly becoming an integral part of workplace culture. Mobility has several advantages to the organisation, one such example is the “always online” workforce resulting in increased productivity hours. As a result, organisations are increasingly providing mobile computing devices to the workforce to enable remote productivity at the organisations cost. A challenge associated with mobility is that these devices are likely to connect to a variety of networks, some which may insecure, and because of their smaller form factor and perceived value, are vulnerable to loss and theft amongst other information security challenges. Increased mobility has far reaching benefits for remote and rural communities, particularly in the healthcare domain where health workers are able to provide services to previously inaccessible populations. The adverse economic and infrastructure environment means institution provided devices make up the bulk of the mobile computing devices, and taking away the ownership, the usage patterns and the susceptibility of information to adversity are similar. It is for this reason that this study focuses on information security on institution provided devices in a rural healthcare setting. This study falls into the design science paradigm and is guided by the principles of design science proposed by Hevner et al. The research process incorporates literature reviews focusing on health information systems security and identifying theoretical constructs that support the low-resource based secure deployment of health information technologies. Thereafter, the artifact is developed and evaluated through an implementation case study and expert reviews. The outcomes from the feedback are integrated into the framework.
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Haenssgen, Marco Johannes. "Mobile phone diffusion and rural heathcare access in India and China." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3f48fc8b-5414-4851-926b-07a57eed6cfe.
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Three decades of mobile phone diffusion, thousands of mobile-phone-based health projects worldwide ("mHealth"), and tens of thousands of health applications in Apple's iTunes store, but fundamental questions about the effect of phone diffusion on people's healthcare behaviour remain unanswered. Empirical, theoretical, and methodological gaps in the study of mobile phones and health reinforce each other and lead to simplifying assumptions that mobile phones are a ubiquitous and neutral platform for interventions to improve health and healthcare. This contradicts what we know from the technology adoption literature. This thesis explores the theoretical link between mobile phone diffusion and healthcare access; develops and tests a new multidimensional indicator of mobile phone adoption; and analyses the effects of phone use on people's healthcare-seeking behaviour. My mixed methods research design - implemented in rural Rajasthan (India) and Gansu (China) - involves qualitative research with 231 participants and primary survey data from 800 persons. My research yields a qualitatively grounded framework that describes the accessibility and suitability of mobile phones in healthcare-seeking processes, the heterogeneous outcomes of phone use and non-use on healthcare access, and the uneven equity consequences in this process. Quantitative analysis based on the framework finds that mobile phone use in rural India and China increases access to healthcare, but it also invites more complex and delayed health behaviours and the over-use of scarce healthcare resources. Moreover, increasing phone-aided health action threatens to marginalise socio-economically disadvantaged groups further. I present here the first quantitative evidence on how mobile phone adoption influences healthcare-seeking behaviour. This challenges the common view that mHealth interventions operate on a neutral platform and draws attention to potential targeting, user acceptance, and sustainability problems. The framework and tools developed in this thesis can support policy considerations for health systems to evaluate and address the healthcare implications of mobile phone diffusion.
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Andrade, Tiago Pereira. "Desafios na educação juvenil: a aprendizagem fraturada." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21252.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
We observe a crisis of higher education in the contemporary world. The goal of this thesis is to investigate in literatures and statements about what we understand by education, learning, knowledge, and how we are dealing with the training of young people in an individualistic society, steeped in bureaucracy, digital and neoliberal. Some among the various challenges found in this crisis will be covered in this research: the overvaluation of reason and science to the detriment of other forms of learning in the world, such as the arts, the poetry, the feelings, the myths; the fragmentation of knowledge that contributes to the lack of a sense in education today; and also, the immediacy of information in a society conected in social networks by means of the gadgets (cell phones and laptops). All these challenges articulate in how knowledge is produced and question the contemporary role of the teacher, the student and all agents in the educational institutions. The results are obtained as an open system in a dialogue with images, poetry and ih the end with testimonials, in a transdisciplinary way
Observamos uma crise da educação superior no mundo contemporâneo. O objetivo desta tese é investigar em literaturas e depoimentos o que entendemos por educação, aprendizagem, produção de conhecimento e como estamos lidando com a formação de jovens em uma sociedade individualista, imersa nas burocracias, digitalizada e neoliberal. Alguns desafios, dentre os diversos encontrados nessa crise, serão abordados nesta pesquisa: a supervalorização de um conceito de razão e da ciência em detrimento das outras formas de aprendizagem do mundo, como as artes, a poesia, os sentimentos, os mitos; a fragmentação dos saberes, que contribui para a falta de um sentido na educação dos dias de hoje; e também a instantaneidade das informações em uma sociedade conectada às redes sociais por meio dos gadgets (telefones celulares e computadores portáteis). Todos esses desafios se articulam na forma como o conhecimento é produzido e questionam o papel contemporâneo do professor, do estudante e de todos os agentes nas instituições de ensino. Os resultados são obtidos como um sistema aberto de conhecimento, dialogando com imagens, poesias e, ao final, com depoimentos, de uma forma transdisciplinar
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Ferreira, Marco Aurélio. "Comunicação em rede e alternativas democráticas: um estudo sobre junho de 2013 e novas formas de atuação política." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21340.
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The ideas generated in any locality soon accede the virtual space. They spread and are concretized in different places, be it a business room, a factory floor, a schoolyard, a family house or even in streets and public spaces. At the turn of the century, several large-scale protest demonstrations took the streets of urban centers around the world and an unprecedented element could be perceived among its agents: the intensive association of protesters with communication networks, which have as main characteristic the abundance and high-speed circulation of information. However,in the midst of so many transformations and novelties, digital information and communication technologies remain, to some extent, surrounded by unknowns about their potentialities, properties and functions in the context of contemporary democracy, as well as the cultural consequences of their application, reason which expresses the urgency to reflect on its nature and form of participation in collective dynamics, political mobilizations and social movements. This research analyzes the role played by digital communication networks in protests occurred in the city of São Paulo in June 2013, in order to delineate, analyze and understand some of the characteristics of its successful way to disseminate information and its power to persuade and engage citizens that were not previously linked to cultural-political groups or social movements. In sum, it is proposed to investigate how and why the ICTs used in digital communication networks have assumed a preponderant role in June’s disputes and to raise interpretations about their nature and the issues ofcommunicationin contemporary society. The methodology of the work assumes hybrid formulation between bibliographic research, documentary analysis and, consequently, conceptual articulation, from which the analyzes were carried out
As ideias geradas em qualquer localidade logo acedem ao espaço virtual. Disseminam-se e se concretizam em diferentes lugares, seja uma sala de empresa, um chão de fábrica, um pátio de escola, um cômodo da casa ou, ainda, as ruas e espaços públicos das cidades. Na virada do século, diversas manifestações reivindicatórias de grandes proporções tomaram as ruas de centros urbanos em todo o mundo e um elemento inédito pode ser percebido entre seus agentes: a associação intensiva das redes de comunicação, cuja marca característica versa sobre a abundância e aceleração da circulação de informações. Em meio a tantas transformações e novidades, entretanto, as tecnologias de informação e comunicação digitais permanecem, em certa medida, cercadas por incógnitas a respeito de suas potencialidades, propriedades e funções no contexto da democracia contemporânea; além das consequências culturais de sua aplicação, motivo pelo qual se expressa a urgência da necessidade de refletir sobre sua natureza e forma de participação nas dinâmicas coletivas, mobilizações políticas e movimentos sociais. Esta pesquisa analisa o papel desempenhado pelas redes de comunicação digitais nas manifestações ocorridas na cidade de São Paulo, em junho de 2013, a fim de delinear, analisar e compreender algumas das características desse modelo exitoso na difusão de informações, convencimento e engajamento de manifestantes não vinculados diretamente a coletivos político-culturais ou membros dos movimentos sociais. Em suma, propõe-se investigar como e porque as TICs utilizadas em redes digitais de comunicação assumiram papel preponderante nas disputas de junho e levantar interpretações acerca de sua natureza e de questões comunicacionais da sociedade contemporânea. A metodologia do trabalho assume formulação híbrida entre pesquisa bibliográfica, análise documental e, consequentemente, articulação conceitual, a partir das quais foram realizadas as análises
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Chatur, Noorin. "Political outcomes of digital conversations : case study of the Facebook group "Canadians against proroguing parliament"." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Political Science, 2011, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3100.
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Since the emergence of the Internet, scholars have had mixed opinions regarding its role in influencing levels of political participation. Two frameworks, the mobilization and the reinforcement theses, were created from these opposing views. The introduction of social networking websites (such as Facebook) offers new platforms with which to test these opposing theories on.
This study investigates the Facebook group ―Canadian‘s against Proroguing Parliament,‖ to determine: 1) what the members' motivations were for participating in the group, 2) whether the group attracted formerly marginalized voices to participate on the group, or simply reinforced those who were already active in the political process, and 3) whether the participation of members on the group translated into offline or real world political participation. The findings suggest that the group‘s members had a variety of reasons for joining the group. As well, the findings suggest that the group both mobilized reinforced its participants. Finally, the data indicates that in some instances, the group‘s members translated their online participation into real world political activity.171 leaves ; 29 cm
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Muzi, Adilson Cláudio. "Na sala de aula com as tecnologias da informação e comunicação: percepções e vivências docentes." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2013. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/712.
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O objetivo geral desta dissertação é o de investigar as percepções de professoras e professores sobre o uso das TICs no cotidiano da sala de aula. Essa discussão considerou na análise dos dados uma perspectiva de gênero, compreendida a partir das relações sociais que se desenvolveram entre estas/es profissionais no âmbito dos espaços público, da escola, e privado, do lar. A opção metodológica pautou-se por uma pesquisa qualitativa de natureza interpretativa, permitindo a análise dos depoimentos das/os entrevistadas/os. A investigação contou com a participação de dezenove docentes, mulheres e homens, que responderam a um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada com questões abertas. Verificou-se que a maioria das/os docentes não teve em sua formação acadêmica inicial e na pós-graduação uma disciplina que abrangesse uma discussão teórica/prática sobre a utilização das tecnologias. Verificou-se, também, a falta de cursos de formação continuada e de oficinas pedagógicas com uma abordagem ao uso das TICs em sala de aula. Ficou evidenciado que existem dificuldades no manuseio dessas tecnologias no cotidiano da sala de aula, e analisadas sob a perspectiva de gênero, revelou que apesar da maioria dos professores em seu discurso afirmarem que homens e mulheres são iguais diante dessas tecnologias, ele é contraditório. A maioria das professoras assume ter dificuldades com o uso das TICs, já os professores negam tê-las, evidenciando o discurso patriarcal de que as mulheres não são iguais aos homens para a manipulação das TICs. A pesquisa revelou ainda uma extensa carga horária de aulas, distribuídas em diferentes estabelecimentos de ensino e, também, a existência da dupla jornada de trabalho para todas/os elas/es. Entretanto, ficou evidenciado que essa dupla jornada é marcada pela diferença entre atividades para essas/es profissionais. Nela, a maioria dessas mulheres assumem atividades especificamente na esfera doméstica limpando a casa, lavando e passando roupas, lavando louça, cozinhando e cuidando dos filhos, sem remuneração, por estas, serem desenvolvidas em seus lares. Apesar dos homens admitirem dividir as tarefas domésticas com suas companheiras, seus discursos retratam uma divisão com o sentido de “ajuda”, reforçando o discurso patriarcal de que as mulheres são responsáveis pelas tarefas domésticas. Essas diferenças estão associadas à divisão sexual do trabalho nos espaços público e privado e se mantém, sobretudo, por representações de gênero que associam a mulher ao espaço privado, ao cuidado e à delicadeza e, os homens, ao espaço público, ao provimento da família e ao trabalho pesado. Evidenciou-se, portanto, que as relações sociais entre estas/es professoras/es, na vida profissional e no âmbito do lar, são relações permeadas por poder, e que, apesar dessas mulheres experienciarem situações de igualdade em alguns espaços no âmbito do colégio e do lar, de certa forma, ainda estão subordinadas ao discurso patriarcal capitalista, que ainda hoje reproduz desigualdades de gênero, e condiciona essas mulheres a uma posição de subordinação e desvalorização.The main objective of this dissertation is to investigate the perceptions of teachers on the use of ICTs in the classroom. The discussion considers a gender perspective in data analysis, understood from social relationships developed between those professionals, in relation to a public space, the school, and private space, the home. The methodological option is based on a qualitative research with interpretative nature, which permits the analysis of interviews. The investigation counts with the participation od ninetenn teachers, male and women, who answered an semi- estructured interview script with open questions. It was verified that in most cases the teachers didn´t have a discipline which covered the technologies utilization in their initial academic formation or post-graduation. Also, It was verified the lack of initial and continuing courses and pedagogical workshops towards the use of ICT´s in the classroom. It was evidenced the difficulties in the handling of technologies in daily classes, and under the gender perspective, although teacher´s discourse affirm the equality between men and women towards those difficulties, the discourse remains contradictory. Most of the female teacher´s assume difficulties in handling ICT´s, but male teacher´s deny it; which evidenced the patriarchal discourse that states that women are different from men at handling ICT´s. The research reveals that most of the teachers work extensive hours of classes, in different schools, even the double working day. However, it´s evidenced the differences between those double working day: most of women assume domestic activities like cleaning houses, washing and ironing clothes, doing the dishes, cooking and caring for their children, without remuneration because they are developed in their houses. Even though men assume that they are dividing domestic tasks, their discourse shows that they “help”, which reinforces the patriarchal discourse that states that only women are responsible for domestic tasks. These differences are associated to sexual division of work in public and private spaces, which maintain itself because of the gender representations which associates women to private space, to caring, to sensitivity; and man to public space, to family provision and to hard work. It was evident, therefore, that the social relationships between those teacher´s in professional and family life are permeated by power, and, spite those women experiences equality in some spaces at school and home, they are still subordinated to the capitalist patriarchal discourse, which still today reproduces gender inequalities, conditioning these women to a position of subordination and devaluation.
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Souza, Fernando Artur de. "A construção cultural da fotografia como discurso na arte contemporânea." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2013. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/680.
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Este trabalho apresenta uma discussão acerca de relações estabelecidas entre a fotografia e a arte contemporânea, a partir de um viés em que a produção artística dialoga com a produção fotográfica de âmbito familiar. A fotografia é assumida como um processo mediador culturalmente construído, levando em conta aspectos de sua conformação tecnológica, bem como de seus usos sociais, ambas dimensões consideradas preponderantes para a produção de significado para estas imagens. Para estabelecer estas relações através de uma perspectiva interdisciplinar, o texto busca integrar pontos de vista de áreas do conhecimento que contribuíram para um entendimento mais complexo da fotografia em seu diálogo com a sociedade, com a tecnologia, com a história e com as artes visuais. Finalmente, elencamos algumas obras dos artistas contemporâneos Nan Goldin, Rosângela Rennó e Sascha Pohflepp que evidenciam estas relações entre as artes visuais e os instantâneos do cotidiano familiar, seja através da imagem fotográfica, da materialidade da fotografia ou dos novos circuitos de circulação e novas práticas oriundas das tecnologias digitais.This work presents a discussion of relations between photography and contemporary art, where the artistic production dialogue with the photography in the family field. the photograph is assumed as a mediating process culturally constructed, taking into account its technological aspects, as well as their social uses, both dimensions considered preponderant for the production of meaning to these images. to establish these relationships through an interdisciplinary perspective, the text seeks to integrate views of areas of knowledge that contributed towards a more complex comprehension of photography in his dialogue with society, with the technology, with the history and the visual arts. finally, we list some works of contemporary artists nan goldin, rosangela rennó and sascha pohflepp that demonstrate these relationships between the visual arts and snapshots of daily family life, either through the photographic image, the materiality of the photograph or the new circuits and new practices coming of digital technologies.
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Atinuke, Jimoh Rashidat. "Investigating the use of social networking via mobile phone as an extension tool in small-scale (emerging) agriculture in selected farming communities in the Cacadu District." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18398.
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We live in the era in which the internet is now available on the majority of mobile phones at a very cheaper rate. This advancement in technology has created a boom in the use of mobile phone social networking as a primary communication tool - not only for individuals but also commonly used by professionals in most fields. The trends and growing usage of social networking via mobile phone indicate a potentially effective new platform for increasing production especially in agricultural sectors. In this age of information technology, farming communities can be empowered with the latest information and knowledge through mobile phone social networking to enhance agricultural development. The study investigates the use of mobile phone social networking as an extension tool in small-scale (emerging) farmers in selected farming communities in the Cacadu District Municipality of the Eastern Cape of South Africa. Specifically, the study investigates the use of available mobile phone social networks; what they are used for; and the importance and benefits of social networking both generally and to the farming communities. The study further identifies problems inhibiting the use of mobile phone social networking. Other channels through which the small-scale (emerging) farmers acquire agricultural information, aside from via mobile phone, and the type of agricultural information these farmers acquire, are also investigated. This study focuses on the use - and not the testing or adoption of - mobile phone social networking in small-scale (emerging) agriculture. In the exercise to investigate the use of social networking apps via mobile phone, data was collected from 40 small-scale (emerging) farmers using a purposive sampling method. This study used a survey design, exploratory and descriptive research methodologies. Data was captured by administering a questionnaire through personal face-to-face interviews. Descriptive statistics such as simple frequency tables, percentages and bar graphs were used. From the Chi-square testing, it was found that agricultural knowledge levels, internet access and size of production farm land influence the use of social networking by the small-scale (emerging) farmers. However, the result of this study showed that gender, age, other income and educational level of the small-scale (emerging) farmers are not statistically significant determinants of social networking use. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was found to be 0.95. To establish the strength of associations of the variables, Cramer’s V ranging between 0.04 and 0.9 (signifying relationships from negligible to very strong association) was used. The findings showed that different social networks are used by the farming communities, such as WhatsApp, Facebook, and Blackberry messenger, MXit, Twitter and YouTube. The various uses of these social networks by the farmers are discussed. The benefits and problems inhibiting their use are also outlined. Other sources of acquiring agricultural information by the farmers aside from social networking via mobile phone are examined. The result of the study shows that [agricultural extension officers, other farmers, farmers’ discussion groups, friends and family,] are major sources of agricultural information to the small-scale (emerging) farmers while other sources are television, radio, print media and result demonstrations. The study suggests that to enhance mobile phone social networking to ensure that timely and effective agricultural information is readily accessible to the small-scale (emerging) farmers. These include agricultural extension officers making optimal use of social networking via mobile phone, due to the strong interaction and trust between them and the farmers. This interaction can be instrumental in the effective use of this technology as a resourceful medium for accessing agricultural information to enhance productivity. Proper awareness and understanding of the potential and benefits of mobile social networking by the farmers will motivate the small-scale (emerging) farmers to use the technology for effective agricultural purposes. Also, ensuring the availability of agricultural information to small-scale (emerging) farmers by setting up on-line pages or websites to discuss matters of interest and educate and update farmers on agricultural issues should be encouraged. This may attract the younger generation and the youth to participate fully in agricultural activities - thereby enhancing agricultural development.
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Machado, Juliana de Toledo. "Global Fórum América Latina: edição virtual: um exemplo da chamada Nova Era da Colaboração?" Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2012. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1071.
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Nesta dissertação foi realizado um estudo de caso acerca da Conferência Business as An Agent of World Benefit, BAWB – GLOBAL FORUM edição virtual que aconteceu no ano de 2011 com o propósito de buscar e entender se esta se configura como uma inovação social, bem como em um possível exemplo na era da cooperação e generosidade coletiva. Optou-se por realizar uma pesquisa qualitativa, utilizando a metodologia de estudo de caso por meio de observação participante, uma vez que a autora do estudo trabalhou diretamente no processo de concepção e execução da conferência estudada. Buscou-se entender como a tecnologia auxilia na formação das redes sociais, que neste caso, se mobilizaram para divulgar e compartilhar todo o conhecimento que estava sendo exposto. Verificou-se também o poder das redes sociais, uma vez que quando o tema faz sentido para as pessoas, estas abraçam a causa e se engajam, twitando, facebookando e compartilhando. Para entender a conferência em si, precisamos entender o mundo globalizado, as redes sociais, o uso das mídias sociais, o conceito de inovação social e a sociedade em rede e, para tanto, utilizados autores como Franco (2008), Giardelli (2011), Castels (1999), Canclini (2005) entre outros citados. Uma vez que os estudos das redes sociais e dos temas abordados são relativamente novos, vários sites foram consultados na elaboração deste trabalho. A análise do discurso dos palestrantes selecionados para este estudo se configurou em importante ferramenta de trabalho. A utilização da tecnologia (mídias sociais) para estreitar e fortalecer as redes sociais foi abordada no presente estudo e se configura como um reforço para a afirmação de que as mudanças na sociedade e a era da cooperação e da generosidade coletiva está sendo construída pelas pessoas e que quanto melhor estas utilizarem os aparatos tecnológicos, por consequência essa nova era se fortalece.This dissertation was a case study on a Conference on Business as Na Agent of World Benefit, BAWB - GLOBAL FORUM online edition that took place in 2011 in order to seek and understand if this format can be configured as a social innovation and as a possible example in the era of cooperation and collective generosity. We decided to conduct a qualitative research methodology using a case study with a participative observation, since the study’s author worked directly in the process of designing and implementing the conference. We sought to understand how technology could help in the establishment of social networks, which in this case, were mobilized to disseminate and share all the knowledge that was being exposed. The research also attempts to verity the power of social networks, considering the fact that when the subject makes sense for people, they embrace and engage on it through twitter and facebook. To understand the conference itself, we must understand the globalized world, social networks, the use of social media, the concept of social innovation and the network society and, therefore, the authors used as Franco (2008), Giardelli (2011), Castels (1999), Canclini (2005) and others cited. Since the studies of social networks and the issues are relatively new, several sites were consulted in preparing this work. The analysis of the speech of speakers selected for this study was set up as an important working tool. The use of technology (social media) to tighten and strengthen social networks was addressed in this study and is configured as a boost for the claim that changes in society and the era of cooperation and collective generosity is being built by people and the better use of these technological devices, therefore this new era is strengthened.
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Sartor, Angela Kalckmann Romanó. "Sustentabilidade da vida humana e as possibilidades da divisão sexual do trabalho doméstico." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2011. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/432.
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A sustentabilidade da vida humana, entendida como conjunto de atividades necessárias para o processo de reprodução social e manutenção da vida, por não ser considerada como trabalho produtivo, não tem sido tratada como prioritária para o desenvolvimento da sociedade e do indivíduo. Desenvolvida basicamente por mulheres no ambiente doméstico, é palco de desigualdades e conflitos, onde mulheres que não conseguem dividir responsabilidades vivem a dupla, tripla jornada de trabalho. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo conhecer quais as estratégias as mulheres curitibanas, que possuem trabalho remunerado fora do lar com exigência de escolaridade de nível médio, estão utilizando para enfrentar este desafio, com quem e com o que podem contar. É uma pesquisa qualitativa-interpretativa, que entrevistou 15 mulheres e procurou entender o significado da divisão sexual do trabalho, isto é, como o trabalho doméstico é dividido entre homens e mulheres de uma mesma família, e qual é a participação do Estado e do empregador. Através dos discursos das entrevistadas percebe-se que o momento é de avanços e permanências, onde a reprodução de comportamentos convive com mudança de valores e atitudes. O modelo predominante da divisão sexual do trabalho, definido por Hirata e Kergoat, é o da conciliação, embora apareçam os modelos tradicionais e de parceria em menor escala. Destaca-se também a participação das avós na emancipação das mulheres mães trabalhadoras, que podem contar com as suas próprias mães, sobretudo quando não conseguem o apoio do Estado e do empregador, por meio de creches para seus filhos. No que se refere às inovações tecnológicas notou-se que contribuíram significativamente como poupadores de tempo e esforço para realização das tarefas domésticas, mas não representam o foco principal na divisão sexual do trabalho.The sustainability of human life, meaning the activities necessary for the process of social reproduction and life maintenance, as not conceived as productive work has not been treated as a priority for the development of the individual or the society. Performed basically by women in the domestic environment, it is the scene of inequalities and conflicts, in which women who cannot divide responsibilities face a double or triple day work. The object of this research is to know which strategies the working women of Curitiba, holders of a high school diploma, are using to go through this challenge, what services they can be provided and who they can count on. This qualitative and interpretative research has interviewed 15 women and tried to understand the meaning of the gender division of labour i.e. how is domestic work divided between men and women of the same family, and what is the role of the Government and the employer. Their testimonies evidence they are facing times of change and persistency, where the reproductive behaviour coexists with change of values and attitudes. The prevalent model of gender division of labor, defined by Hirata and Kergoat, is the conciliation, although traditional and partnership models also occur in a smaller degree. Grandmothers play a substancial role on the emancipation of the working women. They can count on their own mothers mostly when they cannot get the Government and employer’s support through day-cares for their children. Technological innovations have significantly contributed as time and effort savers for the accomplishment of domestic tasks, but do not quite picture the main focus in the gender division of labour.
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Velasco, Junior Estanislau. "Processo judicial eletrônico: novos tempos para o trabalho da advocacia?" Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2013. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/568.
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Esta pesquisa investiga como se dão as interações e as relações entre a tecnologia e o trabalho do(a) Advogado(a). O estudo tem o objetivo de analisar as condições atuais do trabalho na advocacia a partir das modificações trazidas pelo Processo Judicial Eletrônico – PJE. Busca-se apresentar o quantum o PJE tem condicionado a práxis cotidiana da atividade da advocacia. Temse como pressuposto teórico que o trabalho e a tecnologia não determinam o agir humano, sendo, pois, o ser humano livre para direcionador as facilidades trazidas pela tecnologia, as quais deveriam, em tese, proporcionar a melhoria nas condições materiais da vida das pessoas. Trata-se de pesquisa realizada a partir de questionários abertos que permitem, tanto uma análise qualitativa dos conteúdos de depoimentos escritos, quanto certa quantificação, via consolidação das respostas obtidas. São analisadas as transformações provocadas pela informatização do processo judicial em sua nova forma eletrônica – mudanças estas ocorridas a partir do advento da Lei 11.419/2006 – e a reestruturação do trabalho na advocacia brasileira nestes últimos anos. O problema que se pretende responder, em última análise, é o seguinte: Qual a potencialidade emancipatória da tecnologia para o trabalho do(a) advogado(a)? Ao final do estudo são apresentados os resultados obtidos na pesquisa quanto a: intensificação no trabalho do(a) advogado(a); modificações observadas na estrutura dos escritórios de advocacia; principais dificuldades dos(as) advogados(as) com o PJE; alterações na produtividade no trabalho dos(as) advogados(as); percepção dos(as) advogados(as) quanto aos impactos da implantação do PJE na saúde, e; algumas implicações de gênero, entre advogados e advogadas, para se para trabalhar com o Processo Judicial Eletrônico.This research investigates how interactions occur and the relationship between Technology and the Work of the Lawyer. The study aims to analyze the current conditions of work of advocacy from the changes brought by Judicial Process Electronic - PJE. We seek to present the quantum the PJE has conditioned the daily praxis of advocacy activity. It has as theoretical assumption that the Work and Technology does not determine human action and therefore humans free to control the facilities brought by technology which should in theory provide the improvement in the material conditions of life people. This is research from open questionnaires that allow both a qualitative analysis of the content of the written reports, as some quantification via consolidation of replies. It analyzes the transformations caused by computerization of the judicial process in your new electronic form, these changes occurred since the enactment of Law 11.419/2006 and the restructuring of the work of Brazilian advocacy in recent years. The problem we intend to answer is the following: What is the emancipatory potential of technology to the work of the lawyer? At the end of the study presents the results obtained in the research regarding: intensification of labor lawyer, modifications in the structure of advocacy firms, lawyers 'main difficulties with the PJE, changes in work productivity of lawyers, lawyers' perception regarding impacts of the implementation of PJE in health and some gender implications between men and women lawyers to get to work with the Judicial Process Electronic.
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Padilha, Ana Caroline de Bassi. "Tecnologias do lar e pedagogias de gênero: representações da “dona de casa ideal” na revista Casa & Jardim (anos 1950 e 1960)." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2014. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/798.
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CAPESNeste trabalho, temos como objetivo investigar as associações entre tecnologias domésticas e tipos de feminilidades na revista Casa & Jardim como mídia de pedagogias de gênero. O recorte de estudo tem como foco os discursos textuais e imagéticos sobre tecnologias do lar veiculados na revista Casa & Jardim durante as décadas de 1950 e 1960. Neste período, as revistas direcionadas para públicos femininos buscavam criar uma identificação das mulheres com o espaço e o consumo domésticos, apresentando as tecnologias do lar, especialmente os eletrodomésticos, como recursos capazes de garantir o conforto doméstico, facilitando as rotinas das donas de casa e proporcionando maior bem-estar às famílias. Neste registro, as tecnologias do lar tanto favoreciam quanto glamourizavam as atividades cotidianas. Contudo, em paralelo, os padrões de limpeza, organização e administração do lar também tornaram-se significativamente mais exigentes. A partir de uma abordagem qualitativa de natureza interpretativa, visamos compreender como eram configuradas as representações da “dona de casa ideal” na revista Casa & Jardim. Percebemos que, nos discursos do periódico, as tecnologias do lar assumiram um papel importante na construção de expectativas sociais acerca das práticas de consumo das donas de casa das camadas médias, cuja identidade social estava estreitamente vinculada às imagens de esposa e mãe.
This paper proposes to investigate the associations between domestic technologies and types of femininity in the magazine Casa & Jardim (House & Garden) as gender pedagogies media. The outline of the study focuses the discourses of textual and image about domestic technologies in the magazine Casa & Jardim during the 1950s and 1960s. In this context, the magazines aimed at female audiences sought to create an identification of women with space and domestic consumption, presenting the home technologies, especially appliances, as resources that could ensure domestic comfort, facilitating the daily routines of housewives and providing more welfare families. In this record, the household technologies both favored as charmed everyday activities. However, in parallel, the standards of cleanliness and organization of homes also become significantly more demanding. From a qualitative interpretative approach, will understand how they were configured representations of "ideal housewife" in the magazine Casa & Jardim. We point out that the discourses in the magazine of the household technologies played an important role in the generated expectations regarding the middle class modern housewife role, whose social identity was closely tied to images of wife and mother.
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Lambotte, François. "From traditional to IT mediated interorganizational relationships: sensemaking of the internet." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210770.
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“We provide a solution that allows saving 15 to 20 euros per invoice.It is very important in a strategy of service and cost reductions for our customers and for us.”“For us, it is very important as we generally reduce our inventories by 30%, thus we recover cash flow. It is not negligible.”
These quotes out of my case studies show that the primary goal of the implementation of Web-based applications is the achievement of transaction cost efficiencies: cost cutting, time saving, and information integration. But do they achieve such results? Sometimes they do sometime they don’t. In order to understand why, I consider it is necessary to take a different perspective from the one taken until now.
Indeed, existing studies on interorganizational information systems focus on economical and strategic issues and consider organizations as opaque entities. First, issues at hand may not be economic or strategic but social or legal. Next, they neglect that inter-organizational relationships imply a number of long-standing social interactions between individuals of each organization. Moreover, these individuals interpret the mediation project and act taking decision, implementing, or using the mediating technology – that these individuals make sense of the IT mediation project. In the present research, I propose to open the black box of organizations and explore how people sensemaking conditions the achievement of transaction cost benefits and is conditioned by the interorganizational context. My overarching research question is: How do people make sense of the Internet mediation of long-standing interorganizational relationships?
Doctorat en sciences de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Cele, Mlungisi B. Gabriel, and Johann Mouton. "The utility of university-industry partnerships : a case study of the University of Cape Town (UCT) and SASOL." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4480.
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116 leaves single sided printed, preliminary pages i-viii and numbered pages 1-106. Includes bibliography.Scanned using a Hp Scanjet 8250 Scanner to pdf format (OCR).
Thesis (MPhil (Sociology)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In South Africa few systematic studies have been done on university-industry partnerships. This research investigated the evolution of the University of Cape Town (UCT) and SASOL partnership involving heterogeneous catalysis. As part of this investigation, I analysed the driving force and sought to determine the motivations and benefits that UCT and SASOL have since accrued as a result of their partnership. I also analysed knowledge transmission or technology transfer processes such as the hiring of graduates, intellectual property etc. In light of all of these I sought to draw lessons that could be learnt from UCT-SASOL partnership for future purpose. I followed four themes or sections in order to situate the study. These were, (a) the socio-economic context (global and knowledge economy, innovation, knowledge society etc.), the changing modes of knowledge production ("Mode 2") and the changing ways of interactions among stakeholders industry, university and government (Triple Helix). The key argument here is that the university industry partnership cannot be seen as an independent development, but is interrelated or partly the consequence of changes in the socio-economic, science, technology and higher education fields, (b) The driving force behind the partnership, (c) motivations, benefits, and (d) knowledge or technology transfer/transmission processes. I used the case study research design. I conducted interviews with the UCT Chemical Engineering Department, UCT Centre for Research and Innovation and SASOL officials. I collected several documents related to the study and also visited the laboratories in which UCT-SASOL partnership research activities were happening. Some of the findings of the study include the following. The partnership demonstrates the significant role of an individual academic, who steered transformation in terms of research activities and culture in the Chemical Engineering Department. The legacy of the individual academic's strong personality and commitment to research is evident and continues to stimulate high levels of research interest and teamwork among staff members which is characteristic of this department. A strong link is maintained between the basic disciplinary "Mode 1" teaching and research on the one hand and the multidisciplinary "Mode 2" applied and strategic research and training on the other: This is evident in the strong emphasis on the solid undergraduate disciplinary education as a basis for a high quality multidisciplinary postgraduate education. All staff members are involved in both teaching and research. A strong link is maintained between academic, research and postgraduate activities: The department utilizes surpluses generated through industrial-oriented research to cross-subsidize the academic and postgraduate activities.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Daar is weinig sistemiese studies in Suid-Afrika reeds uitgevoer oor universiteit-industrie samewerking. Hierdie studie ondersoek die ontwikkeling van 'n vennootskap tussen die Universiteit van Kaapstad (UK) en SASOL wat heterogene katalise insluit. Ek analiseer in hierdie studie die dryfkrag van die vennootskap, en probeer die motivering en voordele bepaal wat beide die UK en SASOL toegekom het as deel van hulle vennootskap. Ek analiseer ook die oordrag van kennis of oordrag van tegnologiese prosesse, die aanstelling van graduandi, intellektuele eiendom, ens. Ek probeer op grond hiervan lesse van die UK-SASOL vennootskap uitlig vir toekomstige doeleindes. Ek het vier temas of afdelings gebruik om hierdie studie te vestig. Dit is, (a) die sosio-ekonomiese konteks (globale en kennis ekonomie,innovasie, kennis samelewing ens.), die veranderende modus van kennis produksie ("Modus 2") en die veranderende wyses van interaksie tussen belanghebbendes - industrie, universiteit en regering (Triple Helix). Die sleutel argument hier is dat die universiteitindustrie vennootskap nie gesien kan word as 'n onafhanklike ontwikkeling, maar dat dit verband hou met of deel is van die gevolge van die veranderinge in die sosio-ekonomiese, wetenskap, tegnologie en hoer onderwys arenas; (b) die dryfkrag agter die vennootskap; (c) motivering en voordele; en (d) die oordrag van kennis of tegnologie/oordrag van prosesse. Ek gebruik die gevallestudie metodologie in hierdie studie. Ek het onderhoude gevoer met die UK Chemiese Ingenieurswese Departement, die UK Sentrum vir Navorsing en Innovasie, asook die SASOL betrokkenes. Ek het die projekdokumentasie versamel en het ook die laboratoriums besoek waarin die navorsingsaktiwiteite van die UK-SASOL vennootskap plaas vind. Die bevindinge van hierdie sluit dus die volgende in. Die vennootskap demonstreer die belangrike rol van 'n individuele akademikus wat transformasie bewerkstellig het in terme van navorsingsaktiwiteite en die kultuur in die Chemiese Ingenieurswese Departement. Die nalatenskap van die individuele akademikus se sterk persoonlikheid en toewyding tot navorsing is duidelik en stimuleer steeds hoe vlakke van belangstelling in die navorsing en spanwerk in die departement. Dit is ook een van die kenmerke van hierdie departement. Daar is 'n sterk skakel gehandhaaf tussen die basiese dissiplinere "Modus 1" onderrig en navorsing aan die een kant, en die multidissiplinere "Modus 2" toegepaste en strategiese navorsing en onderrig aan die ander kant. Dit is duidelik in die sterk kleim wat gele word op die stewige voorgraadse dissiplinere onderrig as 'n basis vir 'n hoe kwaliteit multidissiplinere nagraadse onderrig. Alle personeel is betrokke by beide onderrig en navorsing. 'n Sterk skakel is behou tussen akademiese, navorsings- en nagraadse aktiwiteite: die departement gebruik die oorskotte van industrieverwante navorsing om akademiese en nagraadse aktiwiteite te kruissubsideer.
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Schoon, Alette Jeanne. "Raw phones: the domestication of mobile phones amongst young adults in Hooggenoeg, Grahamstown." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002937.
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This dissertation examines the meanings that young adults give to their mobile phones in the township of Hooggenoeg in Grahamstown in the Eastern Cape. The research was predominantly conducted through individual interviews with nine young adults as well as two small gender-based focus groups. Participant observation as well as a close reading of the popular mobile website Outoilet also contributed to the study. Drawing on Silverstone, Hirsch and Morley’s (1992) work into the meanings attributed to the mobile phone through the domestication processes of appropriation, objectification, incorporation and conversion, the study argues for the heterogeneous roles defined for mobile phones as they are integrated into different cultural contexts. The term ‘raw phones’ in the thesis title refers to a particular cultural understanding of respectability in mainly working-class ‘coloured’¹ communities in South Africa, as described by Salo (2007) and Ross (2010), in which race, class and gender converge in the construction of the respectable person’s opposite – a lascivious, almost certainly female, dependent, black and primitive ‘raw’ Other. The study argues that in Hooggenoeg, the mobile phone becomes part of semantic processes that define both respectability and ‘rawness’ , thus helping to reproduce social relations in this community along lines of race, class and gender. A major focus of the study is the instant messaging application MXit, and how it assists in the social production of space, by helping to constitute both private and dispersed network spaces of virtual communication, in a setting where social life is otherwise very public, and social networks outside of cyberspace are densely contiguous and localised. In contrast, gossip mobile website Outoilet seems to intensify this contiguous experience of space. My findings contest generalised claims, predominantly from the developed world, which assert that the mobile phone promotes mobility and an individualised society, and show that in particular contexts it may in fact promote immobility and create a collective sociability.
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Rocha, Rozane de Fátima Zaionz da. "A tecnologia no processo ensino-aprendizagem na percepção dos professores das escolas de tempo integral da rede pública municipal de Curitiba." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2018. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/3098.
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O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o papel da tecnologia no processo ensino e aprendizagem, na percepção dos professores das escolas de tempo integral da rede pública municipal de Curitiba. A revisão da literatura discute conceitos do determinismo e da Teoria Crítica e as implicações dessas teorias para a sociedade e estudos na área; discute a escola e a tecnologia, ou seja, a escola como elemento participante da sociedade consumidora e produtora de tecnologias; a formação de professores para o uso das novas tecnologias com os alunos e questões relacionadas às escolas que ofertam ampliação do tempo de permanência/dia nesse ambiente. A metodologia utilizada foi o delineamento misto sequencial exploratório composto de duas fases: uma primeira fase com abordagem qualitativa e uma segunda fase com abordagem quantitativa. A escolha da abordagem qualitativa para iniciar o estudo se deu em virtude de ser uma abordagem oportuna para explorar com mais profundidade situações cotidianas em um novo contexto. A técnica de coleta de dados foi a entrevista individual semiestruturada (conversação gravada e depois transcrita, tendo apenas um roteiro inicial com perguntas abertas) realizada com quinze professores de diferentes escolas localizadas em oito regionais no município de Curitiba. Da análise dos dados emergiram quatro categorias: formação de professores – inicial e continuada; uso da tecnologia em sala de aula; dificuldades encontradas pelos professores no uso da tecnologia e também as implicações da tecnologia nas escolas de tempo integral. Na segunda fase foi utilizado a pesquisa descritiva do tipo levantamento quantitativo. A opção em realizar uma fase quantitativa foi permitir a análise em dimensão maior que na abordagem qualitativa. A amostra foi composta de duzentos e dez professores que ministram aulas em escolas de tempo integral em oito regionais do município de Curitiba. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário constituído por um conjunto de escalas de dois a cinco pontos do tipo Likert para avaliar diferentes aspectos da utilização da tecnologia no contexto das escolas de tempo integral. Os itens para a elaboração do questionário emergiram da análise dos resultados obtidos na primeira fase do estudo. O instrumento foi validado por especialistas da área e testado em estudo-piloto com trinta e cinco professores de trinta e cinco escolas de tempo integral. A partir deste processo, o questionário final constituiu-se de cinco blocos que trataram sobre a formação inicial dos professores, apropriação da tecnologia, confiança dos professores na tecnologia, estrutura das escolas e frequência das atividades baseadas na tecnologia. Os dados quantitativos foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva (distribuição de frequência, média e desvio padrão), análise não-paramétrica (Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney), comparação de escores médios, análise fatorial e análise Multivariada de Variância – (MANOVA - Multiple Analysis of Variance). Os principais resultados mostraram que a formação inicial dos professores sofreu mudanças históricas no tempo e no espaço. Em relação à formação continuada, as evidências mostraram que os temas trabalhados nos cursos oferecidos pela mantenedora não se articulam com o tema tecnologias, ou seja, são abordados separadamente. Os dados também mostraram que há divergência entre os professores no que diz respeito ao uso da tecnologia nas escolas de tempo integral, pois há professores que consideram que os alunos matriculados em tempo integral têm mais acesso às tecnologia, como também, demonstram apresentar melhor oralidade e argumentação em relação aos alunos que ficam em tempo regular. Outros professores consideram que a ampliação da jornada diária não implica maior acesso à tecnologia e melhor desempenho no processo ensino-aprendizagem. As diferentes percepções dos professores sobre o processo ensino-aprendizagem dos alunos das escolas de tempo integral mostraram também que a ampliação de tempo em que as crianças ficam na escola não traz implicações relevantes para a aprendizagem.The objective of the study was to analyze the role of Technology in the teaching and learning process according to the perception of teachers of full-time schools from the public municipal network of Curitiba. The theoretical framework of this study was based on Determinism and in Critical Theory, as well as on the implications of these theories for society; it also discusses the school and the technology, i.e., the school as a participant element of the technology producing and consuming society; the training of teachers for the use of new technologies with students and issues related to schools that offer extension of the time of permanence/day in this environment. The methodology used was the exploratory sequential mixed design consisting of two phases: a first phase with a qualitative approach and a second phase with a quantitative approach. The qualitative approach was chosen to start the study for being a timely approach to explore in more depth situations in a new context. The technique for data collection was a semi-structured individual interview (conversation recorded and then transcribed, featuring only one initial roadmap with open questions) performed with fifteen teachers from different schools located in eight regional boards in the municipality of Curitiba. From the data analysis, four categories emerged: teacher training - initial and continuing; the use of technology in the classroom; the difficulties faced by teachers in using the technology and also the implications of technology in full-time schools. In the second phase, a descriptive research of the quantitative survey type was used. The option to perform a quantitative phase was to allow the analysis in a larger scale than the qualitative approach. The sample was composed of two hundred and ten teachers, who teach classes in full-time schools, from eight regional boards of the municipality of Curitiba. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire consisting of a set of five-point scales of the Likert type to assess the different aspects of the use of technology in the context of full-time schools. The items to prepare the questionnaire emerged from the analysis of the results obtained in the first phase of the study. The instrument was validated by experts in the field and tested in a pilot study with thirty-five teachers from thirty-five different full-time schools. From this process, the final questionnaire consisted of five blocks that dealt with the initial training of teachers, appropriation of technology, teachers' confidence in the technology, school structure and the frequency of activities based on technology. The quantitative data was then submitted to descriptive statistical analysis (distribution of frequency, mean and standard deviation), non-parametric analysis (Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney), comparison of means scores, factor analysis and MANOVA - Multiple Analysis of Variance. The main results showed that the initial training of teachers has undergone historic changes in time and space. In relation to continuing training, the evidence showed that the topics addressed in courses offered by the maintainer do not articulate with the technologies topic, i.e., they are addressed separately. The data also showed that there is disagreement among teachers with respect to the use of technology in full-time schools, since there are teachers who believe that students that are enrolled in full-time programs have more access to technology, as well as display greater speaking and argumentation skills when compared to those under standard- time programs. Other teachers believe that the extension of daily hours does not imply greater access to technology and improved performance in the teaching and learning process. The different perceptions by part of teachers in regards to the teachinglearning process of students from full-time schools have also shown that the extension of time in which children remain in school does not bring relevant implications in learning.
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Manyuchi, Killian Tendai. "Technology and people : an analysis of the forest workforce, technology and the sourcing decision in forest harvesting in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53082.
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Thesis (MScFor)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Technology and People: an analysis of the forest workforce, technology and the sourcing decision in forest harvesting in South Africa. M.Sc. Forestry thesis, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa. 124pp. This thesis looks at the profiles of the workforce in forest harvesting in the forestry industry in South Africa. It provides methods and models to measure and understand people (human capital) and technology. It highlights some of the current and strategic challenges in: employee conditions of employment; occupational health and safety; worker nutrition; training; worker dynamics (employee absenteeism and labour turnover); and the technology in forest harvesting. This study puts additional emphasis towards measuring and understanding the grower company/contractor interface (i.e., the contractoring philosophy, contractor profiles and competitive strategies) and discusses the contracting decision by the grower companies. The latter, the contracting decision is important because it forms the foundation and framework upon which forest harvesting contractor businesses are built and the background for both the people and technology dynamics. Forest harvesting employees in South Africa are working in forestry because they cannot get other jobs elsewhere. They have the following profiles and mobility characteristics: median age, 34 years; median completed school level, Standard 3; median time spent working for forest contractors and grower companies, 2 and 7 years, respectively (contractors have been in the business for a median period of 7.5 years); and median labour turnover and absenteeism, 4 % and 6 %, respectively. The employee median daily wage is R24.00 and the budgeted employee training cost per year per employee is R41.40. There is a high level of occupational safety awareness amongst both the contractors and the employees and significantly high injury rates in forest harvesting. Contractors and staff from grower companies believe that the current and future forest harvesting technology depends on the type and nature of contracts between the grower companies and the harvesting contractors, backup services from machine suppliers, the exchange rates between the Rand and other major currencies and worker health linked to HIV/AIDS. The study shows that in forest harvesting, there is a need to develop approaches and business strategies to define and manage the workforce since it is the people and the technology that work together to generate results. The thesis concludes that, human skill and knowledge should form the base of an industry along with logic of systems or operations. The study challenges forest harvesting organisations to measure and integrate human capital and technology with business objectives. Thus, sustainability in forest harvesting in South Africa will depend on the ability of forest harvesting organisations to handle the human dimension and to develop/acquire, exploit and manage technology.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Tegnologie en die Mens: 'n Ontleding van technnology, die dinamika van uitkontrakteer en bosontginnings arbeid in Suid Afrika. M.Sc in Bosbou tesis, Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Suid Afrika. 124 bl. Tegnologie en die mensepotensiaal is van uiters belang in alle industrieë. Technologie moet toepasbaar wees en die mens moet van 'n geskikte gehalte wees met 'n paslike profiel. Hierdie proefskif focus op die tegnologie en die menslikehulpbron in bosontginning en evalueer Suid Afrikaanse Bosbou maatskappye se besluit om uit te kontrakteer. Dit bied metodes en modele aan om die menslikepotensiaal en tegnologie te evalueer en te verstaan. Die klem word geplaas op huidige en strategiese uitdagings in: diensvoorwaardes, beroepsgesondheid en -veiligheid, voiding, opleiding, arbeidersdinamika (arbeidsafwesigheid en -omset) en tegnologie in bosontginning. Hierdie studie plaas verdere klem op die ondersoek en begrip van die interaksie tussen bosbou maatskappy en kontrakteur (b.v. kontrakteur's filosofie, profiel van kontrakteurs en mededingende strategie) en om die bosbou maatskappye se besluit, om oor te skakel na kontrakteurs, te evalueer. Laasgenoemde, is van uiter belang, aangesien dit die fondament en raamwerk daarstel waarom die kontrakteurs se besigheid ontwikkel en dit gee agtergrond tot die dinamika van beide die mens en die tegnologie. Die grootste gedeelte van die arbeid in diens van die Suid Afrikaanse bosbou industrie het daarop gewys dat hulle slegs in die industrie werk omdat daar nie ander werksgeleenthede beskikbaar is nie. Kenmerke aspekte van die arbeidersmag in die Suid Afrika se bosbou industrie is die volgende: middellyn vir ouderdom - 34 jaar; middellyn vir skool qualifikasies - standard 3; middellyn vir dienstydperk by bosbou kontrakteurs - 2 jaar, en by bosboumaatskappy - 7 jaar (middellyn vir tydperk as kontakteur - 7.5 jaar); arbeidsomset en -afweesigheidis 4 % en 6 %, onderskeidelik. Daaglikse arbeidsloon is R24.00 en die begrotte opleidingskoste is R41.40 per arbeider per jaar. Beroepsveiligheid geniet 'n hoë vlak van bewustheid by beide die kontrakteurs en arbeiders. Kontrakteurs en maatskappy bestuurders glo dat die huidige en toekomstige tegnologiese ontwikkeling afhanklik is van die aard van kontrakte, ondersteuning en diens van verskaffers, die wisselkoers en arbeiders se gesondheid (gekoppel aan HIVNIGS). Aangesien die mens en tegnologie gesamentlik bydra tot werksproduksie, bestaan daar 'n behoefde in bosonginning vir die ontwikkeling van naderings en besigheids strategieë om die bestuur van mense en tegnologie te defineer. Die werkstuk beslis dat die menslike kennis en vermoeë, saam met logika van stelsels of activiteite, die fondament van die industie daarstel. Bosontginnings maatskappye word aangespoor om die gebruik van tegnologie te ondersoek, en die menslike hulpbron en tegnologie te meet en met die maatskappy se doelstelling te integreer. Ten slotte, die standhoudenheid van bosonginning in Suid Afrika sal afhang van die vermoeë van bosontginnings maaskappye om die menslike dimensie korrek te kan bestuur en om tegnologie effektief te ontwikkel (of aan te koop), te gebruik en te bestuur.
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Matiello, Catiane. "A organização de movimentos sociais de expropriados nas trajetórias sociotécnicas de implantação de hidrelétricas no Brasil (1974-2016)." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2016. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2760.
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CAPES: Fundação AraucáriaA tese tem como objetivo principal analisar como as populações atingidas pela implantação de hidrelétricas no Brasil têm se articulado e organizado nas trajetórias sociotécnicas que conduzem à concretização desses projetos. Para tanto, se estudarão as trajetórias de implantação de três casos, que conformam o período de 1974 a 2016: Itaipu, construída no rio Paraná, na fronteira entre Brasil e Paraguai; Baixo Iguaçu, no rio Iguaçu, no estado do Paraná; e o complexo de Garabi e Panambi, projetado para o rio Uruguai, em trecho de fronteira entre Brasil e Argentina. A análise dos casos selecionados ocorreu a partir de ferramentas teórico-conceituais do campo de estudos em Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS) – em especial da Sociologia da Tecnologia. A metodologia de trabalho é qualitativa e contou com pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, além de documentação produzida através de observações em pesquisa de campo e entrevistas orientadas pela metodologia da história oral de vida. Parte-se, portanto, de uma abordagem sociotécnica para a observação das dinâmicas de interação entre movimentos sociais, instituições políticas, empresas estatais e privadas e tecnologias. Por meio de uma análise descritiva e também voltada a compreender causalidades e explorar relações explicativas, buscou-se a identificação de padrões de interação entre as trajetórias sociotécnicas que constituem os casos analisados. Observou-se que na implantação da usina de Itaipu, caso que apresenta a primeira experiência de resistência organizada a esse tipo de projeto, os agricultores se organizaram a partir de espaços de troca de informação; incluíram solidariamente em suas reivindicações as demandas de todos os tipos de ocupações de terra, combatendo a estratégia patrimonialista e desagregadora da empresa e; colocaram suas demandas em pauta a partir de práticas como ocupações e acampamentos. Nos processos constituídos nas primeiras fases das trajetórias de Baixo Iguaçu, Garabi e Panambi, os movimentos de resistência conquistaram a suspensão dos projetos articulando experiências anteriores de organização política; o estabelecimento de alianças com setores da comunidade regional; a realização de práticas de resistência antes da fase de projeto básico; o desenvolvimento de práticas de resistência que impediam os trabalhos dos técnicos; e a pressão sobre o ator responsável pelos projetos, à época, a Eletrosul. Nas fases recentes das trajetórias, as conquistas se relacionam a práticas de resistência anteriores à fase de projeto básico, bem como à articulação dos componentes ambientais dos projetos. Concluiu-se, portanto, que ao longo das trajetórias houve o fortalecimento dos movimentos sociais, com acúmulo e transmissão de experiências, mas que dadas às características de estruturação do processo de implantação de hidrelétricas atuais, que não reservam momentos de participação para a sociedade nem garantias institucionais aos atingidos, a experiência de luta precisa ser retomada e atualizada a cada processo de implantação de hidrelétrica.
The main objective of this thesis is to analyze how populations affected by implantation of hydroelectrics in Brazil have articulated and organized throughout the socio-technical trajectories which led to the implementation of such projects. To that end, the implantation trajectories of three cases will be studied, which correspond to the period from 1974 to 2016: Itaipu, built into the Paraná river, on the Brazil – Paraguay borders; Baixo Iguaçu, on the Iguaçu river at Paraná state; and the Garabi and Panambi complex, projected for the Uruguai river, on a section of the border between Brazil and Argentina. The analysis of the selected cases occurred by using theoretical-conceptual tools from the field studies of Science, Technology and Society (STS) - particularly of Sociology of Technology. The methodology is qualitative and used bibliographical and documental research, as well as documents produced by observation on field research and interviews oriented by oral history methodology. Therefore, it results from a socio-technical approach to the observation of interaction dynamics between social movements, political institutions, state and private companies and technologies. The identification of patterns of interaction in socio-technical trajectories which constitute the analyzed cases are searched through a descriptive and also targeted analysis focused on understanding causalities and exploring explanatory relations. It was observed that on the implantation of Itaipu, a case which represents the first experience of organized resistance to this kind of project, farmers organized themselves through information exchange spaces; in solidarity, they included in their claims the demands of all kind of land occupation movements, fighting the patrimonial and disaggregating strategy of the company; they put their demands on the agenda by using practices such as occupations and encampments. In the processes constituted in the early stages of Baixo Iguaçu, Garabi and Panambi trajectories, the resistance movements conquered the suspension of projects by articulating previous experiences of political organization; the establishment of alliances with regional community; the conduction of resistance practices before the basic design phase; the development of resistance practices which prevented the technicians work; and the pressure over the actor responsible for the projects, Eletrosul at the time. On the recent trajectories phases, achievements are related to resistance practices previous to the basic project phase, as well as articulation on environmental components of projects. It was concluded, therefore, that the strengthening of social movements happened along the trajectories, with experience accumulation and transmission, but given the structuring characteristics of the current hydroelectric deployment process, which do not reserve moments to the participation of the society, nor provides institutional guarantees to those affected, the struggle experience must be resumed at each hydroelectric deployment process.
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Padovani, Ednéia Botelho. "A saúde do trabalhador na engrenagem automotiva: um panorama dos adoecimentos e acidentes de trabalho nas plantas montadoras instaladas no Brasil." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2016. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1989.
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Os acidentes e o adoecimento no trabalho têm sido objeto de grande atenção por parte de instituições públicas vinculadas à seguridade social, de pesquisadores nas universidades e de entidades de classe como os sindicatos. Sobretudo, em se tratando de setores de alta capacidade tecnológica, instalados em países de economia dependente, situações em que, geralmente, a extração de mais-valor atinge patamares extraordinários, como é o caso, por exemplo, da indústria automotiva. Seus métodos de organização do trabalho associados ao complexo padrão tecnológico estimulam o crescimento da economia e o desenvolvimento de outros setores, mas, será que o legado positivo da indústria automotiva se estende também na saúde dos trabalhadores brasileiros? O objetivo deste estudo é elaborar um panorama dos empregos, da produção e dos benefícios previdenciários concedidos por adoecimentos e acidentes de trabalho no período temporal 2005-2013, especificamente nas montadoras de automóveis, comerciais leves, caminhões, ônibus, máquinas agrícolas e rodoviárias instaladas no Brasil. A implicações práticas advindas do estudo da saúde do trabalhador na engrenagem automotiva, contribuirão, de forma inédita, para a visualização do processo saúde-doença dessa classe trabalhadora. A pesquisa exploratória permitirá a aproximação da realidade e possibilitará a identificação de padrões ou hipóteses de expressão das manifestações da questão social.Accidents and illness at work have been an issue of great importance to public institutions associated to social security, university researchers and professional associations as trade unions. Especially, when it comes to high-capability technological areas installed in economically-dependent countries where in situations like that, the extraction of value generally reaches extraordinary levels, such as, for instance, the automotive industry. Its methods of work organization associated with the complex technologic pattern stimulate the growth of economy and the development of others sectors, but will be the positive legacy of the automotive industry also extends health of Brazilian workers? The goal of this study is to develop a broader view of illnesses and work accidents in the Brazilian automotive industry, throughout the 2005-2013 time frame, having as guiding the information provided by the National Association of Automobile Manufacturers – ANFAVEA and the National Institute of Social Security – INSS. The practical implications resulting from The worker’s health in the automotive industry cog, will contribute in a unique way, to visualize the health-disease process of this working class. Exploratory research will allow a closer reality and will enable the identification of patterns or hypotheses that comes from the expression of the manifestations of the social question.
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Jacinski, Edson. "Sentidos das interações entre tecnologia e sociedade na formação de engenheiros." Florianópolis, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/100813.
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Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Científica e TecnológicaMade available in DSpace on 2013-06-25T22:54:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 308140.pdf: 1622771 bytes, checksum: 68b1e63e48d69e4418f16d1136ba2eaa (MD5)
O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar como dois cursos de Engenharia da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR) estão respondendo às exigências socioeducacionais preconizadas pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais de Engenharia (DCNs) (BRASIL, 2002b), que estabeleceram, entre outros aspectos, a necessidade da construção de outra identidade profissional mais sintonizada com os desafios políticos, econômicos, culturais e ambientais da realidade brasileira e mundial. Em especial, nosso olhar investigativo se voltou para entender os sentidos construídos sobre as relações entre tecnologia e sociedade nos cursos de Engenharia. Considerando, de um lado, a necessidade de um olhar que acompanhe o caráter heterogêneo, fronteiriço, coconstruído e negociado do processo de revisão curricular e, de outro, a relevância do enfrentamento da tensão determinista e dos desafios sociotécnicos regionais para a configuração do novo perfil de engenheiro, buscamos articular um quadro conceitual-metodológico fundado na perspectiva teórica da análise sociotécnica, nos Estudos Latino-Americanos de Tecnologia Social, bem como na perspectiva discursivo-dialógica do Círculo de Bakhtin. O corpus foi constituído por documentos legais e institucionais relacionados à implementação das DCNs nos dois cursos de Engenharia, bem como por entrevistas semiestruturadas com professores e estudantes desses dois cursos. Os resultados mostraram duas configurações curriculares nas quais as relações entre tecnologia e sociedade são entendidas e dimensionadas com diferentes enfoques: no primeiro curso analisado, constatou-se uma significativa perspectiva determinista tecnológica, traduzida em uma organização curricular disciplinar, em que prevalece uma ênfase voltada predominantemente para a formação tecnológica no seu sentido mais estrito, sendo que o mercado e o setor industrial aparecem como principais interlocutores sociais da atuação do futuro engenheiro; no segundo curso de Engenharia pesquisado, percebeu-se, de um lado, uma tensão dialógica entre uma formação voltada para a problematização dos aspectos sociais da tecnologia em diversos setores da sociedade e, de outro, uma organização curricular disciplinar que enseja desafios consideráveis para a superação da tensão determinista.
The objective of this study is to analyze how two undergraduate Engineering courses at the Federal Technology University at Paraná (UTFPR) are attending the socio-educational recommended by the Brazilian National Engineering Curricular Directives (Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais de Engenharia - DCNs) (BRASIL, 2002b). Among other aspects, they established the need to construct a professional identity which is more synthesized with political, economic, cultural, and environmental challenges of the current Brazilian and international reality. Our investigative perspective was especially directed to better understand the senses constructed concerning relationships between technology and society within Brazilian Engineering courses. On the one hand is the need to look at what accompanies the heterogeneous, frontier-based, co-constructed character negotiated from the curricular review process. On the other hand is the relevance of facing the determinist tension and regional socio-technical challenges to configuring the new engineering profile. As such, we seek to articulate a conceptual-methodological framework based on the Socio-technical Analysis theoretical perspective in Social Technology Latin-American Studies, as well as Bakhtin's discursive Circle dialogue perspective. The corpus was constituted upon legal and institutional documents related to implementing the DCNs within the two Brazilian Engineering courses, as well as semi-structured interviews with professors and students from these courses. Results show two curricular configurations in which the relationships between technology and society are understood to be dimensioned on different emphases: the first course analyzed showed a significant determinist technology-based perspective, translated into a curricular disciplinary organization, in which the emphasis geared predominantly to technological formation in its strictest sense, given that the market and industrial sector appear as the principle social players of the future engineer's contribution; while the second course studied revealed a dialogical tension between formal education geared to discussing the social aspects of technology in various sectors of society and a disciplinary curricular organization which gives rise to considerable challenges to overcoming such determinist tension.
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Dlutu, Bongiwe Agrienette. "The impact of social network sites on written isiXhosa : a case study of a rural and an urban high school." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011826.
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The use of cellphones has increased all over the world. That invites many academics to conduct research on the usage of these devices, especially by young people, since young people join Social Network Sites (Facebook, Mxit, 2go, Whatsapp) and use a shorthand language. Most studies are related to the use of English and other languages that are recognised by computer software. There are few studies, if any, that have been done in relation to the use of African Languages on these sites. This research therefore aims to seek to explore the use of African Languages, especially isiXhosa, in assessing how technology might help in language development through the usage of SNSs that learners already use to equip them with educational material in their mother tongue. This study was conducted in two high schools, Nogemane Senior Secondary School in a disadvantaged and remote rural community with limited access to additional educational material such as magazines, newspapers, and television. The school also lacks basic study materials such as textbooks from the Education Department and they have no access to a library and laboratory. They also only have very few subjects to choose from. Nombulelo Senior Secondary School is in Grahamstown. This school has good infrastructure and learners have access to different technological devices and they can access libraries. What is common between learners in both schools is that they are all doing isiXhosa as a first language and are using SNSs to interact with each other. This study has found that learners enjoy using SNSs rather than reading the printed books. Furthermore, they enjoy and prefer interacting in isiXhosa in their conversations. Learners also use the web to post and show their creative writing, regardless of the shorthand form writing they use on the SNSs. This study has found that learners are not well equipped with basic isiXhosa skills when reaching the FET phase. They lack the understanding of standard isiXhosa idioms and proverbs. That clearly means that they are equipped in the more modern forms of literature rather than the traditional oral forms. IsiXhosa teachers also see SNSs as the better platform to engage with learners and they suggest that there must be a section in the subjects at school that teaches about cyber bullying and being safe online. This thesis also presents examples of new and contemporary forms of SNS-speak that are used by learners in both the rural and urban schools. This study is more concerned with SNSs for literacy development and to assess whether the shorthand writing has negative or positive effects in writing isiXhosa. This is done against the backdrop of a literature review which explores new literacies, computer mediated communication, social identity models as well as language policy and planning.