Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Technological innovation'
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1
Mannikko, Nancy Farm. "Technological innovation in forest harvesting /." This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08252008-162946/.
2
Männikkö, Nancy Farm. "Technological innovation in forest harvesting." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34764.
Abstract:
Scholars in science and technology studies have long been concerned with a variety of issues revolving around technological change, such as explaining the origins of technological innovation and arguing for or against technological determinism. This thesis reviews a number of theoretical models developed by historians, philosophers, sociologists, and other scholars to explain technological change. A case study of technological innovations in industnal forestry and timber harvesting practices provides a basis for a critique of these previously proposed models and for an argument for a new model. This model, an ecological model, suggests homeostatic pressures play a major role in the innovative processes within any technological system.Master of Science
3
BASTOS, GLAUDSON MOSQUEIRA. "TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION: CONTRIBUTIONS OF METROLOGY AND USER-LED INNOVATION." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2008. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=35471@1.
Abstract:
A dissertação de mestrado desenvolve-se em sintonia com as prioridades do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Metrologia para Qualidade e Inovação da PUC-Rio, inserindo-se na sua linha de pesquisa Negócios, Inovação e Metrologia. Dois são os objetivos do presente trabalho: (i) identificar os mecanismos de contribuição da metrologia ao processo de inovação e (ii) caracterizar o papel do usuário beneficiário da inovação nesse processo. A metodologia empregada compreende uma revisão da literatura especializada sobre os temas da pesquisa e o desenvolvimento de um estudo de caso na indústria metro-ferroviária brasileira. A amostra intencional é constituída por profissionais de PeD de algumas das principais concessionárias brasileiras de transporte ferroviário de cargas e de passageiros. O trabalho se desenvolve no contexto do papel crescente da inovação tecnológica como estratégia para competitividade empresarial e inserção externa das empresas brasileiras, um dos pilares da Política Industrial Tecnológica e de Comércio Exterior (PITCE) e de sua sucedânea Política de Desenvolvimento Produtivo (PDP) lançada em maio de 2008. Em seus resultados, o trabalho analisa, em um primeiro momento, (i) o tipo de inovação promovida na indústria metro-ferroviária e (ii) a conformidade dos projetos inovadores nesta indústria com as normas emanadas do Comitê Brasileiro de Normalização ABNT/CB-06 - Metroferroviário da Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (ABNT), para então avaliar (iii) o papel da metrologia e dos usuários no processo da inovação tecnológica propriamente dita. As conclusões destacam que a indústria metro-ferroviária no Brasil adota um viés conservador na seleção de projetos de inovação e que a prática da inovação induzida por usuários ainda não se encontra plenamente difundida, em que pese o elevado nível de acesso dos usuários ás especificações de projeto e desenvolvimento de produto. Outrossim,
o trabalho permitiu concluir que, no caso da indústria metro-ferroviária, as normas técnicas e regulamentos técnicos impulsionam e orientam o processo de inovação.The subject of the master s dissertation reflects the priorities of the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro s Graduate Program in Metrology for Quality and Innovation, particularly its research line Business, Innovation and Metrology. The research has two objectives: (i) to identify the mechanisms through which metrology contribute to innovation and (ii) to characterize the role of innovationbenefited users in the very innovation process. The methodology employed comprises a literature review of the topic and development of a case study in the Brazilian subway-railway transportation and equipment industry. An intentional sample was formed by R and D professionals of the major passenger and freight railway Brazilian concessionaire firms. The work is developed in the context of the growing role of innovation as a strategic component of business competitiveness and of innovation as one of the pillars of the country s Foreign Trade and Industrial and Technology Policy (PITCE), and its successor Productive Development Policy (PDP), launched in May 2008. The research project results analyze: (i) the type of innovation encouraged by the subway-railway industry and (ii) the conformity of innovative projects in the industry with norms issued by the National Standards Committee ABNT/CB-06 - Subway-railway of the Brazilian Technical Standards Association (ABNT), and then (iii) assesses the role of metrology and of innovation users in the very innovation process. The conclusions highlight that the subway-railway industry adopts a conservative approach in the selection of innovation projects and that the practice of user- induced innovation is not yet fully diffused, in spite of the high level of user access to project and product development specifications. Furthermore, the work allowed us to conclude that, in the case of the subway-railway industry, technical norms and regulations promote and orient the innovation process.
4
Arpaci, Ibrahim. "Technological Innovation Model For Public Sector." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610628/index.pdf.
Abstract:
Innovations in the public services have become mandatory to provide more efficient and secured services to the citizens. In today's fast changing technological environment, the sustained management of innovation is the most vital executive task for the organizations. Identification of the technological innovation process is required in order to manage innovation in the public organizations. This thesis study aims to build a technological innovation model for public organizations in Turkey identifying technological innovation process, stakeholders of the process, sources of innovation, obstacles of innovation and driving forces of innovation. In this research study, strategically important organizations, including all ministries and the pioneer public organizations that perform technological innovation projects are analyzed. In the research study, case study is used as a research strategy and interviews are used as data collection methods. Using collected data
data sets are produced and presented in tables. Data analysis results enable to identify technological innovation process, stakeholders of the process, sources of innovation, barriers of innovation, and driving forces of innovation. Consequently, in accordance with the findings of the study, a new technological innovation model that may pave the way for technological innovation projects and enable successful management of innovation process is constructed. The proposed model lights the way of managers for their innovation projects by means of determining unclear innovation process and identifying the inputs and outputs of the process. Moreover, this study is a guide for managers in public organizations identifying possible obstacles and offering solutions, identifying driving forces to accelerate the innovation process, emphasizing the importance of interaction between the stakeholders.
5
Bernardino, Joao Pedro Ramalho. "Does positional consumption generate technological innovation?" Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3143.
Abstract:
Mestrado em EconomiaPositional consumption led by wants linked to status concerns arguably does not produce welfare gains to society and is a source of economic inefficiency. While some authors propose policy remedies to bring a better collective outcome, others argue that they would cause more damage than benefits. One of the most important arguments against intervention is that positional consumption generates innovation, thereby producing wider economic benefits. This work aims to contribute to the discussion by studying the relation between positional consumption and technological innovation. It departs from commonly accepted theoretical assumptions on elements structuring the relation, and infers on its causes and possible outcomes. Besides achieving a better comprehension of the process, results indicate that positional consumption is likely to generate lower benefits from technological innovation than alternative resource allocations of material nature. This conclusion is founded on three arguments, related to the relative role of technological innovation as a marketing strategy in positional markets, the exigency of positional consumers towards the material achievements of innovations, and the ability of those innovations to deliver welfare gains.
O consumo positional orientado por anseios de estatuto nao produz, de forma plausível, ganhos de bem-estar para a sociedade, e e nesse caso uma fonte de ineficiencia económica. Enquanto que alguns autores propõem políticas para corresponder a este problema, outros argumentam que estas causariam mais danos do que benefícios. Um dos argumentos mais relevantes contra a intervencao política e o de que o consumo posicional gera inovacao, dessa forma produzindo benefícios economicos mais vastos. O presente trabalho pretende contribuir para esta discussão atraves do estudo da relacao entre o consumo posicional e a inovação tecnologica. Para tal, parte-se de pressupostos teoricos comummente aceites sobre elementos que estruturam a relacao em questao, e infere-se sobre as suas causas e consequencias. Para alem de permitir uma melhor compreensãao do processo, os resultados do estudo indicam que o consumo posicional gera, provavelmente, menos benefícios sobre a inovaçcãao tecnoloígica do que alternativas de afectaçcaão de recursos de natureza material. Esta conclusaão funda-se em três argumentos, relacionados com o papel relativo da inovacão tecnolígica como estratégia de marketing em mercados posicionais, com a exigencia dos consumidores posicionais sobre o desempenho material das inovaçcãoes, e com a capacidade das in-ovacçãoes geradas pelo consumo posicional para oferecerem benefícios de bem-estar.
6
Unger, Brigitte, and Martin Zagler. "Organizational versus technological determinants of innovation." Inst. für Volkswirtschaftstheorie und -politik, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2000. http://epub.wu.ac.at/454/1/document.pdf.
Abstract:
In this paper, we analyze, estimate and compare five prototypic models of innovation, from a simple learning-by-doing model to an elaborated model that includes financial, organizational and technological determinants of innovation. From the comparison of the five models we conclude that institutions - in particular the national system of innovation - and organizations matter. The importance of networks and the importance of information flows from different economic actors add to the explanatory power and gives the best model fit among all models specified.Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
7
Kampouris, Marios. "Technological field : technological innovation in the UK marine energy technology sector." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/30989.
Abstract:
The aim of this thesis is to develop an innovative theoretical understanding of technological innovation as a social phenomenon and to demonstrate the results of its application to the sector of UK's marine energy technology. Via a creative analysis and critique of various theoretical approaches to technology, I identify several key elements of a theory capable of understanding technological change, which I then develop based on the critical juxtaposition of the approaches of Pierre Bourdieu and Cornelius Castoriadis. Technological innovation is understood as the ultimate outcome of the relations of cooperation and competition formed by radically creative agents, capable of ex-nihilo creation, who participate in private and public institutions of a quasi-regulated technological field. After arguing in favour of applying a primarily subjectivist epistemology with objectivist elements, I present a research methodology based on semi-structured interviews. The results of the data analysis highlight several key features of technological change as it takes place within the technological field of UK's marine energy technology. Firstly, I present the ways the technological field influences the agents therein and helps them develop their craft. Secondly, I explore how the agents of the field use their craft as they create ex-nihilo. Thirdly I show the interactions between the technological field and other social institutions/spaces such as the economic sector and the general public. Subsequently, I analyse the internal organization of the technological field and its impact upon the trajectories that technological innovation follows therein. Finally, I make the first tentative steps towards developing policy advice for the sector. I conclude that, as long as policy makers manage to develop a precise understanding of the technological field of marine energy technology, then they actually can design policy capable of positioning the technological innovations therein within a preferred path.
8
Ahmed, Mohi U. "Champions of collaboration in collaborative technological innovation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0025/NQ51832.pdf.
9
Kim, Jong-Deok. "University/industry collaboration (UIC) for technological innovation." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487932.
Abstract:
The primary objective of this study is to analyse aspects of university/industry collaboration in the Korean context, focusing on Engineering Research Centres (ERCs) and Regional Research Centres (RRCs). There were three main questions that were posed in this study: What has been happening with respect to university/industry collaboration since the Centre Programmes were established? How have the Centre Programmes affected university/industry collaboration in Korea? How can the programmes be made more viable in the future? In order to answer these questions, this study first conceptualised academic-industry collaboration and explored major components in the process of university/industry collaboration to provide a theoretical framework to evaluate the performance of university/industry collaboration. Based on this framework, an empirical examination of surveys and interviews was conducted for the purpose of analysing various aspects of university/industry collaboration. These aspects included: the participants' perceptions of university/industry collaboration; their motivations for collaboration; collaboration mechanisms; collaboration performance; and success factors, barriers and the assessment of the collaboration process. The survey results show that there has been a big change and development in university/industry collaboration in Korea since the Centre Programmes were initiated. The Centre Programmes have contributed to improving the collaboration culture between academia and industry which has been one of the weak points of the national innovation system of Korea. Among other things, the 'selectivity and concentration' policy has resulted in a synergistic effect in the teamwork among academics and the management of university/industry collaboration. There are, however, many differences between now and then in terms of the research environment of academic faculties and industry. This study suggested several policy measures for improving the management of Centre Programmes in the future.
10
Benson, Christopher Lee. "Technological development and innovation : selected policy implications." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74453.
Abstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; and, (S.M. in Technology and Policy)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-62).
Technological development is one of the main drivers in economic progress throughout the world and is strongly linked to the creation of new industries, jobs, and wealth. This thesis attempts to better understand how a specific technological field develops over time and to examine the policy implications resulting from that research. In order to research the specific field, we present a repeatable method to identify and describe the important innovations in an industry, using the solar photovoltaic industry as a case study. A set of 2484 patented inventions in the solar PV industry between 1961 and 2011 was selected and their metadata and textual information were analyzed using a mixture of qualitative, quantitative and objective tests. Within the patent set, a group of most highly cited patents was located and defined. We found that these highly cited patents improved on technologies across different technological hierarchy levels and that the hierarchy levels did not appear to follow any pattern over time. When compared with other patents in the set of 2484, the highly cited patents, contrary to some conjectures, did not apparently rely more on new scientific discoveries as they did not cite scientific literature more frequently than less cited patents. These findings support the theory that even the most important developments in a field are part of an integrated system and cannot be treated as standalone improvements. The work also indicates that ascribing the bulk of progress to "breakthroughs" is not seen in objective data. The thesis continues with an analysis of how these findings may apply to innovation polices in organizations. Finally, technological innovation strategies within MIT, Stanford and the United States Air Force are analyzed through the lens of the model constructed from the findings.
by Christopher L Benson.
S.M.in Technology and Policy
S.M.
11
Прокопенко, Ольга Володимирівна, Ольга Владимировна Прокопенко, Olha Volodymyrivna Prokopenko, Віталій Анатолійович Омельяненко, Виталий Анатольевич Омельяненко, and Vitalii Anatoliiovych Omelianenko. "Institutionalization of technological & innovation development strategies." Thesis, Leipzig: Baltija Publishing, 2018. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/68107.
Abstract:
Запропоновано підходи до інституціоналізації технологічних та інноваційних стратегій розвитку.Предложены подходы к институализации стратегий технологического и инновационного развития.
Approaches to the institutionalization of technological and innovation development strategies have suggested.
12
Anderson, Benjamin Christopher. "Essays on Market Structure and Technological Innovation." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1312540016.
13
Marling, Robin N. "Effective military innovation : technological and organizational dimensions." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Jun%5FMarling.pdf.
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Moura, Rafael de Sousa Leal Martins. "Cataloguing technological innovations in construction." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=15712.
Abstract:
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorFrom the historical context experienced by the construction industry recently, it is noted that the introduction of technological innovation in the production means has many benefits in the sector. In general terms, innovations contribute to rationalization of procedures, increasing the products to meet the new demands and transposition the technological frontier. However, it is found that persists the necessity of more information about innovations. Despite the benefits that come with the use of innovations, it is clear that its use by companies could be more disseminated and improved. It is starting from the relevance of the use of innovations in the construction industry and the need to provide more information related to innovation to sector companies, the present study aims to draw up a catalog of technological innovations. However, preliminarily it is necessary an analysis of the kinds and classifications of innovations to draw an appropriate parameter for the cataloging and classification. To prepare the catalog, it was selected the technological innovations published between 2005 and 2015 in the TÃchne magazine's publications. The innovations were classified according to the building systems observance of NBR 15575:2013. Have been cataloged 164 innovations. One of the concerns was the search for a clear, didactic and updated catalog. Finally, it should be noted that the research is marked out by national and international literature on innovation, by theses and dissertations and the related publications in the TÃchne magazine
A partir do contexto histÃrico vivenciado pela construÃÃo civil nas Ãltimas dÃcadas, constata-se que a introduÃÃo de inovaÃÃo tecnolÃgica nos meios de produÃÃo acarretou diversos benefÃcios no setor. Em linhas gerais, as inovaÃÃes contribuem para racionalizaÃÃo dos processos, incremento dos produtos para atendimento das novas demandas e transposiÃÃo da fronteira tecnolÃgica. Contudo, verifica-se que persiste a necessidade de uma maior disponibilizaÃÃo de informaÃÃes referentes Ãs inovaÃÃes existentes. Em que pese os benefÃcios advindos com o uso de inovaÃÃes, percebe-se que o seu uso pelas empresas poderia ser bem mais difundido e aprimorado. à partindo, pois, da relevÃncia do uso das inovaÃÃes no Ãmbito da construÃÃo civil e da necessidade de disponibilizar mais informaÃÃes relacionadas à inovaÃÃo Ãs empresas do setor, que o presente trabalho volta-se à elaboraÃÃo de um catÃlogo de inovaÃÃes tecnolÃgicas. Preliminarmente, todavia, faz-se necessÃria uma anÃlise sobre os tipos e classificaÃÃes das inovaÃÃes para, em seguida, traÃar um parÃmetro adequado para sua catalogaÃÃo e classificaÃÃo. Na elaboraÃÃo do catÃlogo, selecionaram-se as inovaÃÃes tecnolÃgicas que despontaram no perÃodo de 2005 a 2015, com base nas publicaÃÃes da revista TÃchne. As inovaÃÃes foram classificadas de acordo com os sistemas da construÃÃo em que estÃo inseridas, em observÃncia à NBR 15575:2013. No final da pesquisa, catalogaram-se 164 inovaÃÃes. Registre-se que uma das preocupaÃÃes que nortearam à elaboraÃÃo do documento em comento foi a busca por um catÃlogo claro, didÃtico e atualizado. Por fim, destaca-se que a pesquisa à balizada pela bibliografia nacional e internacional sobre inovaÃÃo, por teses e dissertaÃÃes relacionadas e pelas publicaÃÃes da revista TÃchne.
15
Haefliger, Stefan. "Permeable development : technological innovation by users across organizations /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/511123779.pdf.
16
Botta, Michael David. "Technological Innovation and Policy Responses in Health Care." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10798.
Abstract:
This dissertation consists of three papers, two quantitative and one mixed-methods. Paper 1 uses cross-sectional and logistic regression analyses of survey data to assess Americans' opinion on the use of cost effectiveness research (CER) in government health coverage decisions, and to examine the factors predicting approval or disapproval of specific decisions. I use vignettes drawn from real international decisions to assess opinions. I find that opposition to a CER agency is widespread, with partisan affiliations playing a significant role. In general, Republicans are more likely to oppose a government agency playing a role in cost effectiveness determinations. With regards to specific examples, Americans hold even greater opposition, with no significant differences by political affiliations.
17
Andersen, Hanne Birgitte. "Technological change and the evolution of corporate innovation." Thesis, University of Reading, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339495.
18
Fischer, Manfred M., and Neil Aldermann. "Innovation and Technological Change: An Austrian-British Comparison." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1990. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4225/1/WSG_DP_0890.pdf.
19
Harding, Jason. "Technological Performance Assessment Innovation for Elite-Level Snowboarding." Thesis, Griffith University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367213.
Abstract:
This thesis focuses on the introduction of sport science and engineering techniques for
performance assessment in competitive half-pipe snowboarding. Performance data was
collected over three winter seasons from 2006 to 2008 including a Winter Olympic
Games and was used to establish objective key performance indicators (KPI’s) that
account for a large percentage of the variance in subjectively judged competition
scores. These findings were then applied to customise wearable sensor technology to
develop an automated performance feedback system suitable for everyday use. This
system was subsequently used to run the first electronically judged half-pipe snowboard
competition in the world. Furthermore, the impact of sport science and new technology
on the sport of snowboarding was assessed, allowing the snowboarding community to
articulate their interests in forums that convey influence. This thesis establishes that it is
no longer a question of whether the theoretical framework or technological innovation
is there to automatically provide objective, performance-based information for halfpipe
snowboarding but rather if and how coaches, athletes and competition judges plan
to utilise such capabilities. In addition, this thesis recommends that any further
development and integration of such concepts be conducted in close association with
core community members and be ultimately controlled from within the sport.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Engineering
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
20
Sherwani, Hassan Usama Khan. "Exploring emerging technological trajectories within the innovation ecosystem." Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11385/220158.
Abstract:
Innovation and Value Creation in Business Ecosystems. Exploring Emerging Technological Trends in Automotive Ecosystem: A Patent Analysis. Analyzing the technological adoption through customers’ perceived value: A case study for Autonomous Vehicle (AV).
21
Serafini, Matteo <1982>. "Technological innovation in Emilia-Romagna: knowledge, practice, strategies." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3724/1/serafini_matteo_tesi.pdf.
Abstract:
The present study aims at assessing the innovation strategies adopted within a regional economic system, the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, as it faced the challenges of a changing international scenario. As the strengthening of the regional innovative capabilities is regarded as a keystone to foster a new phase of economic growth, it is important also to understand how the local industrial, institutional, and academic actors have tackled the problem of innovation in the recent past. In this study we explore the approaches to innovation and the strategies adopted by the main regional actors through three different case studies.
Chapter 1 provides a general survey of the innovative performance of the regional industries over the past two decades, as it emerges from statistical data and systematic comparisons at the national and European levels. The chapter also discusses the innovation policies that the regional government set up since 2001 in order to strengthen the collaboration among local economic actors, including universities and research centres.
As mechanics is the most important regional industry, chapter 2 analyses the combination of knowledge and practices utilized in the period 1960s-1990s in the design of a particular kind of machinery produced by G.D S.p.A., a world-leader in the market of tobacco packaging machines. G.D is based in Bologna, the region’s capital, and is at the centre of the most important Italian packaging district.
In chapter 3 the attention turns to the institutional level, focusing on how the local public administrations, and the local, publicly-owned utility companies have dealt with the creation of new telematic networks on the regional territory during the 1990s and 2000s.
Finally, chapter 4 assesses the technology transfer carried out by the main university of the region – the University of Bologna – by focusing on the patenting activities involving its research personnel in the period 1960-2010.
22
Serafini, Matteo <1982>. "Technological innovation in Emilia-Romagna: knowledge, practice, strategies." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3724/.
Abstract:
The present study aims at assessing the innovation strategies adopted within a regional economic system, the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, as it faced the challenges of a changing international scenario. As the strengthening of the regional innovative capabilities is regarded as a keystone to foster a new phase of economic growth, it is important also to understand how the local industrial, institutional, and academic actors have tackled the problem of innovation in the recent past. In this study we explore the approaches to innovation and the strategies adopted by the main regional actors through three different case studies.
Chapter 1 provides a general survey of the innovative performance of the regional industries over the past two decades, as it emerges from statistical data and systematic comparisons at the national and European levels. The chapter also discusses the innovation policies that the regional government set up since 2001 in order to strengthen the collaboration among local economic actors, including universities and research centres.
As mechanics is the most important regional industry, chapter 2 analyses the combination of knowledge and practices utilized in the period 1960s-1990s in the design of a particular kind of machinery produced by G.D S.p.A., a world-leader in the market of tobacco packaging machines. G.D is based in Bologna, the region’s capital, and is at the centre of the most important Italian packaging district.
In chapter 3 the attention turns to the institutional level, focusing on how the local public administrations, and the local, publicly-owned utility companies have dealt with the creation of new telematic networks on the regional territory during the 1990s and 2000s.
Finally, chapter 4 assesses the technology transfer carried out by the main university of the region – the University of Bologna – by focusing on the patenting activities involving its research personnel in the period 1960-2010.
23
Fernando, Madhu. "Innovation in project management factors influencing the success of innovation strategies /." Swinburne Research Bank, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/34820.
Abstract:
Thesis (DBA) -- Swinburne University of Technology, Australian Graduate School of Entrepreneurship, 2006.Dissertation submitted to Australian Graduate School of Entrepreneurship in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Doctor of Business Administration, 2006. Typescript. Bibliography: p. 157-166.
24
Li, Chuen-Yueh. "Global sourcing in innovation." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1619148901&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
25
Karakuzu, Miray. "Determinants Of Innovation Behaviour: Analysis Of 2004-2006 Technological Innovation Survey Of Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12611897/index.pdf.
Abstract:
Main purpose of this thesis is to analyse the main determinants affecting innovation behaviour by utilizing the results of Technological Innovation Survey of Turkey for the periods 2004-2006 combined with the results of Annual Business Statistics Surveys conducted for the year 2003. The total number of the observations of the matched data of the two Surveys is 947. Main underlying reason for the time lag introduced between the two surveys is to be able to relate firm and sector characteristics to the innovation behaviour in following years.
Logit model is established with three main dependent variables as firms doing product innovation, process innovation and either one of them. According to result of the analysis, four main areas are found to be promoting the innovation behaviour in firms. Firstly, as the firm size increases, the probability of engaging in innovation is found to be affected positively. Secondly, firms having foreign share also has more tendency for innovation. This result is surprising and disproof the initial assumption related with foreign share, since foreign investment is found to be a hindering factor in some previous studies in developing countries. Thirdly having intellectual property rights is positively related with innovation behaviour. Last positively affecting factor is engaging in R&D, which is presumable. Three factors are found to be insignificant as Export Status, Import Penetration and Tariff Rate. The relationship between foreign trade and innovation behaviour could not be justified which is mainly due to lack of data reliability.
26
Torbett, Richard David. "Technological collaboration and innovation in the UK : evidence from the Community Innovation Survey." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393214.
27
Warren, Matthew Paul. "The management of innovation in the UK ceramics industry : case studies in product and process innovation." Thesis, Keele University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269124.
28
Bachmann, Astrid. "Technological capabilities in large science-based British and German chemical-pharmaceutical companies : changing patterns of corporate technological specialisation, leadership and diversification." Thesis, University of Reading, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298853.
29
Hegde, Deepak. "Innovation and technology trajectories in a developing country context evidence from a survey of Malaysian firms /." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04112004-221116/unrestricted/hegde%5Fdeepak%5F200405%5Fmast.pdf.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004.Shapira, Philip, Committee Chair ; Hicks, Diana, Committee Member ; Lewis, Gregory, Committee Member. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 52-59).
30
Van, Zyl Hillet. "Innovation models and the front-end of product innovation." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1280.
31
Samuel, Petra. "Strategies for Integrating Technological Innovations in Small Businesses." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3834.
Abstract:
The effective integration of technological innovation is vital to the success of small businesses and can catapult growth and profitability. Some business managers and supervisors, however, may not have a firm understanding of strategies for integrating technological innovations in businesses; this lack of knowledge may result in employee frustration and costly roadblocks to achieving business objectives. This case study was conducted to identify the strategies used by business managers and supervisors to integrate technological innovations in small businesses. Christensen's theory of disruptive innovation and Rogers' theory of diffusion of innovation served as the conceptual framework. Ten business managers and supervisors from Castries, St. Lucia, participated in semistructured interviews. Participants who were selected using purposive sampling worked in a small business in St. Lucia for atleast 5 years, were part of senior management, and used strategies for integrating technological innovations in a small business. Two of the themes that emerged from data analysis were integration challenges relating to technological innovation complexity, and technology cost regarding hardware, upgrades and software procurement. Findings from this study may contribute to positive social change by providing business managers and supervisors insight about strategies and innovative solutions they can use to develop better business practices, increase tax revenues, and employment opportunities, improve profitability, and boost the economy.
32
Yoon, Jungwon. "Exploring regional innovation capacities of PR China: toward the study of knowledge divide." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42910.
Abstract:
This study investigates the underlying factors influencing the large variances in innovation performance among the Chinese regions. What is specified in the study is the issue of the knowledge divide in China as existing regional inequalities have appeared in conjunction with the production of knowledge and innovation in its transformation into an innovation-driven economy. While the Chinese innovation system has achieved some promising developments at the aggregate level over the past few years, the inequality between the coastal and inland regions are widening with substantial disparities in the level of innovation capacity. In order to understand the major reasons for this new trend in regional divergence, the study explores the different levels of innovation activities among the provincial-level regions of China and analyzes the determinants of regional innovation capacity, employing a comprehensive and unified framework of a regional innovation system. The overall results suggest that while the Chinese regional innovation systems have evolved over time, increasing human and capital resources in innovation and accumulated knowledge stock/the level of economic development, together with the development of innovation-enhancing policies, industrial cluster environment, and linkages between innovation actors, are all crucial determinants of regional innovation capacity, leading to significant disparities in the level of innovation capacity among Chinese regions.
33
Gilbert, Myrna. "Technological change as a knowledge transfer process." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307571.
34
Hong, Shangqin. "Innovation and the New Zealand Manufacturing Sector." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Economics, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1869.
Abstract:
This thesis investigates the determinants of innovation in the New Zealand manufacturing sector by addressing the issue in three main parts. First, an extensive literature review is undertaken to identify definitions of innovation. A number of hypotheses are then proposed based on the international literature. Secondly, supported by the New Zealand Manufactures and Exporters Association (NZMEA), a unique dataset was collected via an Internet-based instrument, the Innovation Survey of the Manufacturing Sector. A series of regression models were then used to test the proposed hypotheses. The final part of the research involved a number of in-depth company interviews that approached the topic from a different perspective and complemented the qualitative analyses by further investigating issues that were unresolved from the survey. The research results suggest that “micro” (i.e. very small) firms may not be very innovative, and identified that practical skills and co-operation are crucial factors influencing innovation in the New Zealand manufacturing sector.
35
Filipescu, Diana-Andreea. "Internationalisation and technological innovation: empirical evidence on their relation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/42016.
Abstract:
Internationalisation and innovation of the firms have been considered two of the most
important factors determining business success over the last decade (Buckler and Zien,
1996; Wind and Mahajan, 1997; Zahra and George, 2002; Vila and Kuster, 2007).
The purpose of this dissertation is to understand better the relation which exists between
these two factors. To do so, we undertake empirical investigation which consists of
three studies (an initial qualitative and two consequent quantitative ones). We first part
from a general idea of the relation extracted from a combination between earlier
evidence and academic literature, trying to explore it more in-depth through the
application of qualitative methodology. Next, parting from the results, a large sample of
manufacturing firm is analysed (data provided by the Spanish Survey of Business
Strategy), employing different variables related to both the international and innovative
activities of the firm. Last, we address the direction of this relation also to a special type
of firms, precisely we separate our sample in family and non-family firms, having the
objective to observe how much different is their behaviour in terms of the two processes
of the firm discussed in this dissertation.
Results outlined the existence of a reciprocal relation between internationalisation and
technological advances, as it follows: 1) firms acquired different types of international
knowledge and therefore behaved differently in terms of innovation advances once they
choose a certain entry mode in the foreign market; 2) product and process innovations
are the result of and lead to exports; 4) innovation “Granger causes” internationalisation
and internationalisation “Granger causes” innovation; 3) family firms do not have a
conservative attitude and are not risk adverse, taking more advantage of their presence
abroad in order to reach a higher level of technological advances than non-family ones.
Moreover, the dissertation offers various contributions to the literature (theoretical,
empirical and methodological) as well to the managers and public policies.
36
Cuntz, Alexander N. "Three essays on open innovation, technological and institutional change /." kostenfrei, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:83-opus-23169.
37
Harrigan, Paul. "Technological innovation in marketing : E-CRM in Irish SMEs." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529534.
38
Seidle, Russell James. "The implications of organizational learning types for technological innovation." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121124.
Abstract:
Organizations engage in a number of activities designed to foster effective learning. Three forms of learning with important implications for the innovation process are experiential (whereby firms gain relevant insights through direct experience with routines and patterns of action), vicarious (the observation of external activities, with inference and other attributions being employed to reconstruct the underlying processes), and inter-organizational (direct contact with outside entities or formal partnering initiatives). The papers in this thesis examine the relative influence of these forms of learning throughout the process of technological innovation. The first empirical paper ("Sequences of Learning in Technological Innovation – Towards a Process Model") employs interview and archival data from eleven innovation projects in the biopharmaceutical and medical device sectors. I find evidence of three distinct learning sequences operating throughout the innovation process: 1) intensive-externalizing; 2) intensive-internalizing; and 3) expansive-internalizing. The sequences vary both in the breadth of learning forms utilized early in the innovation project and in the degree to which the resultant knowledge is internalized as subsequent innovations are pursued. These findings offer useful insights into the locus and sources of learning related to innovation processes in technologically complex settings. In my second paper ("Learning and Innovative Performance – A Longitudinal Study of U.S. Medical Device Approvals"), I analyze a panel dataset of new product approvals for U.S.-based publicly traded companies in the medical device industry. There is evidence for the independent effect of geographically proximate vicarious learning on innovation outcomes (number of approved medical devices) as well as for the interactive effect of experiential and geographically proximate vicarious learning on innovation outcomes.The thesis contributes to current organizational research on learning sequences associated with technological innovation (Bingham & Davis, 2012) and to the literature on the role of vicarious learning within the innovation process by examining vicarious and other forms of learning in new product development (Srinivasan, Haunschild & Grewal, 2007).Les organisations se livrent à diverses activités visant à favoriser un apprentissage efficace. Trois formes d'apprentissage avec des implications importantes pour le processus d'innovation sont expérientiel (où les entreprises acquièrent des solutions pertinentes à travers l'expérience directe avec les routines et les habitudes de l'action), vicariant (l'observation des activités extérieures, avec inférence et les autres attributions étant employées pour reconstituer les processus sous-jacents ) et inter-organisationnel (contact direct avec des entités extérieures ou des initiatives de partenariat officielles). Les études dans cette thèse examinent l'influence relative de ces formes d'apprentissage tout au long du processus d'innovation technologique. La première étude («Séquences d'apprentissage dans l'innovation technologique - Vers un modèle de processus»; traduction de "Sequences of Learning in Technological Innovation – Towards a Process Model") emploie les entrevues et les données d'archives reliés à onze projets d'innovation dans les secteurs des dispositifs médicaux et produits biopharmaceutiques. Je trouve preuves de trois séquences d'apprentissage distinctes opérant à travers le processus d'innovation: 1) intensive-externalizing; 2) intensive-internalizing; et 3) expansive-internalizing. Les séquences varient à la fois dans l'ampleur des formulaires utilisés au début du projet d'innovation dans l'apprentissage et le degré dans lequel la connaissance qui en résulte est intériorisée lorsque les innovations subséquents sont poursuivis. Ces résultats offrent des indications utiles sur le lieu et les sources d'apprentissage liées aux processus d'innovation dans les milieux technologiques complexes. Dans ma deuxième étude («Apprentissage et la performance innovatrice - une étude longitudinale de l'approbation des appareils médicaux aux États-Unis»; traduction de "Learning and Innovative Performance – A Longitudinal Study of U.S. Medical Device Approvals"), j'analyse un ensemble de données reliés aux approbations de nouveaux produits pour les entreprises publics américaines dans l'industrie des dispositifs médicaux. Il existe des preuves de l'effet indépendant de l'apprentissage vicariant géographiquement axé sur les résultats d'innovation (nombre de dispositifs médicaux approuvés) ainsi que de l'effet interactif de l'apprentissage expérientiel et vicariant géographiquement axé pour la réussite innovante. La thèse contribue à la recherche organisationnelle actuelle sur l'élaboration détaillée des séquences d'apprentissage associées à l'innovation technologique (Bingham & Davis, 2012), et à la littérature sur le rôle de l'apprentissage vicariant dans le processus d'innovation par l'examen de l'apprentissage vicariant et d'autres formes d'apprentissage dans le développement de nouveaux produits (Srinivasan, Haunschild & Grewal, 2007).
39
Campbell, Georgina A. (Georgina Amy). "Incentive competitions as a policy tool for technological innovation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65500.
Abstract:
Thesis (S.M. in Technology and Policy)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 76-78).
Large incentive competitions are becoming increasingly popular amongst policymakers and philanthropists as a mission-orientated tool for inducing innovation, particularly in areas of national priority where market incentives and conventional tools such as patents and procurements tend not to be sufficient. Using inducement mechanisms (motivators) such as a large financial reward, demanding deliverables, and technical support, incentive competitions seek to motivate innovators to exert effort and develop creative solutions to pre-defined problems. According to the literature, these motivators can be powerful mechanisms for influencing effort and creativity but their effectiveness very much depends on the combination of motivators used and conditions under which they are executed. There is a serious lack of empirical evidence on the motivators and conditions of large incentive competitions and their effectiveness to influence behaviour and outcomes. Therefore, we cannot fully appreciate the role of large incentive competitions in the innovation policy tool kit. A small body of empirical data exists on the impact of motivators within small online prizes but these prizes are very different to large incentive competitions in terms of the intended motivators incorporated and the competition environment. Through qualitative and quantitative analysis of one large incentive competition- the Progressive Automotive XPRIZE (PIAXP), this thesis aims to explore the motivators incorporated into PIAXP and their ability to orient people towards a specified mission and induce innovative behaviour. In turn, this thesis aims to 1) better understand the role incentive prizes as an innovation tool and 2) identify the motivators and prize design that can be used in incentive competitions to promote desired outcomes. My research identifies two unique features of PIAXP, which can provide insight into large incentive competitions in general. 1) PIAXP effectively attracted and focused a diverse set of solvers on a specific problem, who otherwise would not or could not pursue the prize objective(s). For example, 35% of teams did not exist before. Of those teams that did exist, 30% were informal and 17% were non-vehicle- related, all turning to formal vehicle teams for the PIAXP; 2) PIAXP facilitated the development of participating teams and ideas, and actively induced innovative behaviour during the competition. These findings emphasize the important of motivators and prize design to attract and support the development of solvers and solutions. In terms of competition design, participants and organizations were influenced in different ways. Influential motivators included: recognition (validation, publicity, and personal pride), performance accelerators (business and personal), and intrinsic passion for the cause. Other elements of design that influenced entry levels and behaviour included: structure (length/ barriers to entry), categories (broad, specific or multiple), collaborative events, and support (for the organization and individual). Success within PIAXP was positively correlated with compensation and competition but negatively correlated with recognition. Effort was positively correlated with reputation but negatively correlated with fun.
by Georgina A. Campbell.
S.M.in Technology and Policy
40
Baxter, Jenifer. "Technological innovation systems : the case of hydrogen from waste." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2013. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/59170/.
Abstract:
Actor characterisation using Q methodology and three case study investigations of regional technological innovation systems using novel interaction matrices. This thesis addresses regional aspects of the technological field of hydrogen production from waste. It develops the characterisation of experts involved in the innovation of hydrogen from waste technologies through the use of Q methodology; and a new model (IM-TIS) for the analysis of technological innovation systems. The literature review revealed that the sustainable production of hydrogen from waste processes was not well represented. Truffer et al. (2012) identified a need to further investigate the relationships between functions of innovation and how a technological innovation system may change over time. This was reflected in other innovation and transitions literature. Q methodology revealed three different group identities associated with actors involved in the technological innovation system for hydrogen from waste. These identities are, Hydrogen from Waste Advocates, Cautionary Environmentalists and Hydrogen Technologists. The IM-TIS model developed for this research was applied to three case study regions in the field of hydrogen production from waste in the UK. The model is an adaptation of two existing conceptual models, Rock Engineering Systems (RES) and Functions of Innovation. The thesis identifies and reports on the characteristics of groups of experts involved in hydrogen production from waste and their potential importance. The application of IM-TIS to the three regional case studies of Tees Valley, London and South Wales is presented. A further application of the IM-TIS model using pathway analysis is applied to the case study region of London and results are presented in a worked example. This is the first time a model of this type has been applied to technological innovation system case studies in the UK. It is also the first time a variation of the RES model has been applied in the ways presented in this thesis. The new model provides the opportunity to examine the relationships between functions of innovation and identify what may change within the system over time. It is concluded that the IM-TIS model offers an analysis tool for technological innovation systems that can incorporate the relationships and interactions that occur within the system in a non-linear fashion. Evidence from the research suggests that these interactions have not been adequately addressed in previous studies. A further conclusion is that by addressing the production of hydrogen from waste using these methods, hydrogen technologies are shown to be still in an emergent state.
41
Лапшин, Віктор Васильович, Виктор Васильевич Лапшин, Viktor Vasylovych Lapshyn, Віталій Анатолійович Омельяненко, Виталий Анатольевич Омельяненко, Vitalii Anatoliiovych Omelianenko, Наталія Олексіївна Вернидуб, Наталия Алексеевна Вернидуб, and Nataliia Oleksiivna Vernydub. "Foresight for optimization of international innovation and technological cooperation." Thesis, Wydawca «Diamond trading tour», 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/44579.
Abstract:
One of the most important aspects of the application of foresight in IITC is the need for a state corresponding to an integrated policy that takes into account the selected priorities of innovation development, because the main purpose of foresight is not only to forecast technological development, but also the need to take account of future trends in planning and decision-making.
42
Gelvan, Dan Jacob. "Technological entrepreneurship and the utilization of external resources : realizing the potential /." Roskilde : Department of Economics and Planning, University of Roskilde, 1995. http://www.rub.ruc.dk/epublisher/indhold_technological.pdf.
43
Köllinger, Philipp. "Technological change." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15417.
Abstract:
Die vorliegende Dissertation beschäftigt sich hauptsächlich mit zwei Fragen: Erstens, welche Faktoren beein-flussen den Prozess, durch den sich neue Technologien unter Firmen verbreiten? Zweitens, welche Konsequen-zen ergeben sich aus der Verbreitung neuer Technologien? Beide Fragen beschäftigen sich mit der Dynamik des technologischen Wandels. Die Analyse wird am konkreten Beispiel von e-Business Technologien durchgeführt. Dabei werden insbesondere die Konsequenzen von interdependenten Technologien untersucht. Es wird ge-zeigt, dass es zu steigenden Erträgen der Adoption kommen kann, wenn verwandte Technologien sich nicht in ih-ren Funktionalitäten substituieren. Dies kann zu einer endogenen Beschleunigung der technologischen Entwick-lung führen. Dies bedeutet, dass die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Adoption einer Technologie mit der Anzahl der zu-vor adoptierten, verwandten Technologien ansteigt. Diese Theorie wird empirisch getestet und in vier verschie-denen Untersuchungen mit zwei verschiedenen, großen Datensätzen bestätigt. Die Existenz einer wachsenden di-gitalen Kluft in der e-Business Technologie-Ausstattung der Unternehmen wird für den Zeitraum von 1994-2002 nachgewiesen. Außerdem wird argumentiert, dass die Adoption neuer Technologien in Firmen strategische Bedeutung hat da sich daraus Möglichkeiten zur Durchführung von Innovationen ergeben. Diese können sich entweder durch redu-zierte Produktionkosten für bestehende Produkte, neue Produkte und Dienstleistungen, oder neue Distributions-kanäle manifestieren. Empirische Evidenz zeigt, dass e-Business Technologien derzeit wichtige Enabler von In-novationen sind und dass innovative Firmen mit höherer Wahrscheinlichkeit wachsen. Außerdem wird gezeigt, dass durch e-Business Technologien induzierte Innovationen gegenüber anderen Innovationsarten nicht inferior sind in Bezug auf deren gleichzeitiges Auftreten mit finanziellen Leistungsindikatoren. Die Arbeit diskutiert die Implikationen dieser Ergebnisse aus volks- und betriebswirtschaftlicher Perspektive.This dissertation primarily deals with two questions: First, what determines the process by which new tech-nologies spread among enterprises over time? Second, what are the consequences of the spread of new technolo-gies? Both questions concern the dynamics of technological change. They are analyzed considering the diffusion and implications of e-business technologies as a concrete example. Particular attention is given to technological interdependencies. It is shown that increasing returns to adoption can arise if related technologies do not substitute each other in their functionalities. This can lead to an endoge-nous acceleration of technological development. Hence, the probability to adopt any technology is an increasing function of previously adopted, related technologies. The theory is empirically tested and supported in four inde-pendent inquiries, using two different exceptionally large datasets and different econometric methods. The exis-tence of a growing digital divide among companies is demonstrated for the period between 1994 and 2002. In addition, it is argued that the adoption of new e-business technologies by firms has strategic relevance be-cause this creates opportunities to conduct innovation, either to reduce production costs for a given output, to create a new product or service, or to deliver products to customers in a way that is new to the enterprise. Empiri-cal evidence is presented showing that e-business technologies are currently an important enabler of innovations. It is found that innovative firms are more likely to grow. Also, e-business related innovations are not found to be inferior to traditional kinds of innovations in terms of simultaneous occurrence with superior financial perform-ance of enterprises. Implications of these findings are discussed both for economists and management researchers.
44
Petetin, François. "Decision-making in disruptive technological innovation projects : a value approach based on technical and strategic aspects." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ECAP0017/document.
Abstract:
L’innovation, bien que clé pour le développement des entreprises peut être extrêmement compliquée. L’incertitude associée à la valeur qu’elle peut générer est souvent très dissuasive. Pour des petites entreprises, gérer un projet d’innovation de rupture technologique représente un challenge important. Dans ce travail de thèse, nous nous concentrons sur cette problématique. Dans le cadre d’une recherche-action menée dans la PME L’Hotellier, nous avons mis au point une méthode permettant de faciliter la prise de décisions critiques dans les projets d’innovation de rupture technologique pour de petites entreprises. Cette approche est basée sur l’étude des valeurs créées par l’innovation et sur l’analyse des risques menaçant cette création de valeur. Ce travail se concentre sur l’étude des petites et moyennes entreprises (PMEs). A travers une analyse bibliographique, nous mettons en évidence certains handicaps de ces structures : leurs faibles ressources (humaines et financières) et leurs difficultés à accéder à certaines connaissances spécifiques. Cette faiblesse peut être rédhibitoire pour le développement d’innovation dans ces structures également caractérisées par une faible formalisation des connaissances et des processus. Le second élément de contexte considéré est le type d’innovation développée. Ce que nous appelons ici innovations de rupture technologique sont des innovations qui présentent une haute incertitude technologique et qui mettent en jeu une discontinuité vis-à-vis du marché par rapport aux pratiques traditionnelles de l’entreprise. En conséquence, ces innovations sont caractérisées par un manque de connaissance vis-à-vis de la technologie et du marché. Cette analyse du contexte nous permet de souligner que pour une PME, un des plus importants défis des projets d’innovation de rupture technologique est l’identification et l’accès à ces connaissances clés. En plus de cette analyse, nous avons listé et identifié les forces et faiblesses des principaux modèles des processus d’innovation existants dans la littérature, tant dans le champ du management d’innovation que dans celui des sciences de la conception. Nous mettons en évidence que ces modèles décrivent généralement les processus d’innovation comme une succession d’activités et de décisions éventuellement mettant en œuvre des boucles de rétroaction. A cause de l’incertitude induite par les projets d’innovation de rupture technologique, nous soulignons que la gestion des phases de décisions constitue une problématique peu couverte par la littérature. Notre modèle vise à faciliter la prise des décisions critiques dans les différentes étapes du processus de conception. Nous définissons ces décisions comme des décisions ayant un impact important sur le projet d’innovation (qualité, coûts, délais) et ayant une incertitude significative concernant leurs alternatives. Ces décisions peuvent être liées au produit, au processus de fabrication ou au marché. L’objectif de l’innovation étant de créer de la valeur, nous montrons que deux informations sont nécessaires pour une prise de décision de qualité : la connaissance de la valeur qui va être créée pour les parties prenantes du projet pour chaque alternative ainsi que le niveau de risque associé à cette création de valeur. Nous en retirons l’hypothèse suivante : la prise de décision critique dans des projets d’innovation de rupture technologique en PME est plus facile, rationnelle et robuste lorsque les décideurs connaissent l’impact en termes de création de valeur et de risque de chaque alternative de la décision. Cela nous a conduits à définir un modèle en quatre étapes pour aider à la décision dans de tels projets. Une pose du problème consiste à définir les objectifs et contraintes liées à la décision et à les traduire en termes de création de valeur. [...]Innovation, however key for the development of companies, can be a real adventure. The uncertainty related to the value it can create is often an important dissuasive factor. For small companies dealing with disruptive technological innovation it represents an important and specific challenge. In this thesis we tackle this particular issue. In a research action conducted in the SME “L’Hotellier”, we devised a method that aims to helpmanagers to pilot disruptive technological innovation projects in SMEs through the control of the criticaldecisions of the project. This approach is based on the study of the values created by the innovation and of the risks threatening this value creation. This thesis is divided in five main parts. We begin by studying the context of our research. Then we identify and analyze our problematic. Based on the results of this analysis, we propose a model for the management of these critical decisions. This model is then experimented twice in an innovation project in L’Hotellier. The results of these experimentations are analyzed in order to assess the validity and value of our model. Finally, a conclusion summarizes our contribution to the scientific field of design sciences and discusses the limits and perspectives of our work
45
Rayfield, Blake K. "Technological Diversity in Finance." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2018. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2488.
Abstract:
The dissertation consists of two chapters on measuring firms technological profile. Patent data can be grouped into two primary generations. The first generation lead by the work of Schmookler (1966), Scherer (1982), and Griliches (1984), and the second generation led by Trajtenberg, Jaffe, and Henderson (1997) and Kogan et al. (2016). When combined, both generations data spans from nearly 1926-2010 and has made a meaningful impact on innovation research. In the first chapter, I propose a third generation of patent data. The third generation of patent data has two distinct contributions. First, it extends patent-firm ownership information beyond 2010 to 2016. The new dataset uses the established connections of previous datasets and builds on that information with additional data on firm names gathered from EDGAR. Second, it takes advantage of the information contained in the text of patents using text analysis. Using text analysis allows for greater flexibility over traditional measures. The second chapter investigates how ownership structure affects firm value. The previous literature has assumed more innovation is better, meaning the more innovation a business creates; the better off it is in the long-run. However, not all innovations are created equal. We contribute to the literature by investigating how institutional investors change future innovation, not in quantity, but diversity. Using several unique measures of technological diversification created from firm-level patent data, we show that institutional investors increase the focus on a firm’s future innovation. Our results are robust to the classification scheme. Ultimately, our results indicate institutional investors create value by encouraging firms to build on prior knowledge.
46
Negro, Simona O. "Dynamics of technological innovation systems : the case of biomass energy /." Utrecht : Koninklijk Nederlands Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, 2007. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0803/2008400373.html.
47
Lundgren, Anders. "Technological innovation and industrial evolution : the emergence of industrial networks." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics [Ekonomiska forskningsinstitutet vid Handelshögsk.] (EFI), 1991. http://www.hhs.se/efi/summary/332.htm.
48
Baines, Susan. "Technological innovation and social innovation : women's disadvantage and the 'Technologisation' of home-based distance learning." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332815.
49
Chan, Ngai Yin. "The empirical study of technological innovation in HK manufacturing industry." access full-text access abstract and table of contents, 2005. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/ezdb/dissert.pl?msc-meem-b19913023a.pdf.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.Sc.)--City University of Hong Kong, 2005.Title from title screen (viewed on Jan. 10, 2006) "This dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering Management." Includes bibliographical references.
50
Cruz, Cázares Claudio. "Analysis of the Technological Innovation Process: Determinants, Consequences and Efficiency." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/83964.
Abstract:
A pesar de la gran importancia que se le han atribuido a las innovaciones
tecnológicas como la principal fuente de ventaja competitiva y como un motor del buen
desempeño económico, aún no ha surgido en la literatura un marco analítico sobre las
técnicas o enfoques que permitan entender el comportamiento de las actividades de
investigación y desarrollo (I+D) y varios temas demandan una investigación más
profunda. En este contexto surge esta tesis cuyo principal objetivo es analizar las
actividades de innovaciones tecnológicas siguiendo una perspectiva analítica de
proceso. Caracterizando a la innovación como un proceso que consta de las fases de
buscar, seleccionar, implementar y capturar, esta tesis desarrolla cuatro investigaciones
empíricas para entender cada una de las etapas del proceso de innovación.
El Capítulo II se enfoca en las fases de búsqueda y selección y tiene como objetivo
incrementar nuestro conocimiento en el comportamiento de las empresas que determina
la selección de la estrategia de I+D. Las estrategias de innovación son definidas en esta
tesis como la estrategia de hacer, que representa el desarrollo interno de actividades de
I+D; la estrategia de comprar que constituye la externalización de las actividades de
I+D y; la estrategia de hacer-comprar que combina el desarrollo interno y externo de
I+D. Contrariamente a la literatura previa, este Capítulo considera que los recursos
internos de la empresa y las condiciones de la industria determinan la selección de la
estrategia de I+D. El Capítulo III también explica la selección de la estrategia de I+D
pero con un especial énfasis en el papel que desempeñan las ayudas públicas. El
Capítulo IV, analiza las fases de seleccionar e implementar, busca analizar cuál es el
efecto que tienen las diferentes estrategias de I+D en el desempeño innovador de las
empresas. Finalmente el Capítulo V se enfoca en las últimas dos fases del proceso
innovador, implementar y capturar. El propósito de este Capítulo es el de proponer un
nuevo enfoque para analizar la relación, entre innovación y desempeño económico de la
empresa. En esta investigación se sugiere que el uso indistinto de los inputs u outputs de
la innovación para medir el grado de innovación de una empresa no está libre de
problemas y que más bien éstos deberían de considerarse simultáneamente siguiendo
una perspectiva productiva.
Todos los análisis econométricos realizados en esta tesis se han realizado utilizando
una muestra tomada de la Encuesta Sobre Estrategias Empresariales. Esta encuesta es de
tipo panel (1992-2005) y recoge información sobre empresas manufactureras españolas.
Los resultados muestran que la estrategia de comprar es principalmente
seleccionada por empresas con bajos recursos organizativos y es evitada por empresas
que compiten en mercados con altos niveles de incertidumbre. Sus efectos en el
desempeño innovar de la empresa son los menores y tienen un efecto a corto plazo. Por
el contrario, la estrategia de hacer-comprar suele ser seleccionada por empresas con
altos recursos tecnológicos y con operaciones en mercados con un alto grado de
incertidumbre tecnológica. Respecto a sus efectos en el desempeño innovador, los
resultados muestran que ésta produce el mayor efecto y genera un impacto a largo
plazo. Adicionalmente, los resultados muestran que los efectos de las estrategias en el
desempeño innovador está moderado por la intensidad tecnológica en la cual las
empresas se desempeñan. Finalmente, los resultados obtenidos brindan soporte a
nuestro argumento de que la mejor manera de medir el impacto de las actividades de
I+D en el desempeño de la empresa es a través de la eficiencia del proceso de
innovación tecnológica.Despite the great importance attributed to technological innovations as the main source of competitive advantages and as the driver of firm performance, a comprehensive picture of the techniques and approaches for understanding firms’ R&D behavior has not yet emerged and several issues require further investigation. In this context, the aim of this dissertation is to analyze, in a broader sense, the technological innovation activities following a process-based perspective. Categorizing innovation as a process which embraces the phases of searching, selecting, implementing and capturing, this dissertation develops four empirical studies in order to capture and understand each of the innovation process phases. The first empirical Chapter accounts for the searching and selecting phases of the innovation process and aims at increasing our knowledge of firm innovative behavior by analyzing the factors that determine firm R&D strategy selection. Three R&D strategies are defined and represent the internal development of R&D (make), the externalization of R&D (buy) and the combination of internal and external R&D (makebuy). Contrary to previous studies, we consider the joint effect of firm internal resources, industry characteristics and appropriability conditions as determinants of R&D strategy selection. The second empirical Chapter also explains the determinants of the R&D strategy selection but with an emphasis on public R&D funding. The third empirical Chapter aims at ascertaining the effects of the different R&D strategies on firm innovative performance, which accounts for the selecting and implementing phases. In order to evaluate RDSs effects in a broader sense and looking for robust results, we consider different measures of product and/or process innovations as indicators of firm innovative performance. Finally, the fifth chapter accounts for the implementing and capturing phases of the innovation process. It proposes a new approach to tackle the innovation-performance relationship; its objective is to cope with the, so far, mixed and inconclusive results of studies analyzing this relationship. We argue that the indistinctly use of the innovation inputs or outputs in order to measure firm innovativeness is not trouble-free; they should be, rather, jointly considered from a productive perspective. All empirical studies are carried out using the Survey of Business Strategies of Spanish manufacturing firms which is a panel dataset from 1992 to 2005. Results show that the buy strategy is mainly selected by young firms lacking organizational resources and it is avoided by firms competing in uncertain markets and characterized by major technology shifts. Its effects on firm innovativeness are weaker and last less than that of any other R&D strategy. On the opposite side, the make-buy strategy is selected by firms possessing high technological resources and acting in highly uncertain markets. Regarding its effects on firm innovativeness, we observe that they are stronger and last longer. In addition, we find empirical support for our proposed argument that the effects of the R&D strategies on firm innovativeness are moderated by the technological intensity level. Finally, results of the last empirical Chapter support our arguments that the better measurement of outcomes of the technological innovations is through the efficiency whereby they are developed. Moreover, we test the moderating effect of the technological intensity level and firm size on the efficiency-performance relationship.