Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Techniques de spectroscopie vibrationnelle'
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Kegelaer, Grégory. "Identification et caractérisation du phénotype MDR de cellules cancéreuses par techniques de spectroscopie vibrationnelle infrarouge et Raman et analyse statistique." Reims, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REIMP203.
Full textPrada, Pierre. "Apport de la spectroscopie vibrationnelle dans l'analyse plasmatique outissulaire, application en pathologies : spondyloarthrite, maladie de Crohn et cancer colorectal." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022REIMP201.
Full textThe search for new generation markers is crucial for better patient management, both in terms of diagnosis and prediction of treatment response. Contrary to standard approaches targeting a specific molecular target, vibrational spectroscopy techniques give access to the global molecular constitution of a sample. The work of the BioSpecT unit has shown that these techniques can provide information on tissue organization that is complementary to conventional histology. For example, spectral imaging analysis of tissue samples from cancerous lesions (colon, skin, lung) can highlight the heterogeneity of tumor zones and finely characterize the stroma. An inflammatory component can also be distinguished from other structures. The objective of this thesis project is to exploit the information available by vibrational spectroscopy in the context of pathologies specific to the colon, in order to extract numerical markers charac terizing the physiopathological state of the lesions studied. The identification of such markers requires the comparison of spectroscopic data with clinical, histological, biological or pharmacological reference information. More precisely, we will focus on metastatic colon cancers with the objective of identifying predictive markers of response to chemotherapy. For the analyses, we will be able to benefit not only from human tissue samples (tumor library of the Reims University Hospital) but also from xenografts performed in mice in order to have material obtained according to more standardized protocols. In a complementary way, part of the research work could be carried out within the framework of a study on chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, by focusing the experiments on the characterization of inflammation by vibrational spectroscopy. This research will be carried out in collaboration with the Digestive Oncology Department (Pr O Bouché) of the Reims University Hospital, the Biopathology Laboratory (Pr A Marchal) of the Reims University Hospital and the INSERM U1113 IRFAC unit (Dr D Guenot) of Strasbourg
Miloudi, Lynda. "Application des techniques spectroscopiques vibrationnelles couplées aux analyses statistiques multivariées pour la caractérisation et l'objectivation des produits de soins comestiques." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR3801/document.
Full textThe barrier function of the skin, which protects the body against exogenous molecules, limits the penetration of active cosmetic ingredients (ACI), thus reduce the effectiveness of molecules with a deep cellular target. Therefore, it appeared crucial to optimize the administration of existing active cosmetic in order to get the full benefits expected. Some innovations are explored to bypass this issue, including the encapsulation of existing active cosmetic in nanocarriers. In parallel, it is important to also focus on the development of analytical methodologies that could provide qualitative and quantitative information, in particular the determination of ACI contents and potentially excipients incorporated in a final form, and biological evaluation at different stages of formulation
Mançour, Billah Saïd. "Etude par spectroscopie vibrationnelle de composés." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37599413p.
Full textVuiblet, Vincent. "Contribution de la spectroscopie vibrationnelle en néphrologie." Thesis, Reims, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REIMS039.
Full textBackground: Renal biopsy is a main feature of diagnosis and prognosis in nephrology but it still have some limitation which need further techniques to be more reliable. Vibrational spectroscopy (VS) including Raman spectroscopy (RS) and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) bring out some molecular and structural data from tissue analysis. Objective: We aimed to prove VS is able to provide histologic data actually unattainable by classical techniques. Design: We searched in renal biopsies: 1) Exogenous molecules: Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 2) Endogenous molecules: Advanced glycation end-product (AGEs) 3) Reproducible quantification of interstitial fibrosis and inflammation in renal grafts. Results: 1) We reported an accumulation of HES by RS in renal biopsies from patients exposed to this molecule. Moreover, accumulation of HES in renal graft biopsies exposed to HES was dependent on good quality of graft defined by kidney donor risk index and renal function at 3 months. 2) 4 AGEs were mapped and quantified by RS in diabetic and normal glomeruli. Levels of each AGE were higher diabetic glomeruli vs controls. In diabetic glomeruli, some AGEs were collocated with collagen that was not found in normal glomeruli. 3) Interstitial fibrosis (IF) and inflammation were quantified in 166 renal graft biopsies by an automated FTIR technique. We assessed the robustness of this technique for discrimination of fibrosis and inflammation. We proved the clinical relevance of this technique by showing a good correlation of IF with renal graft function. Conclusion: Vibrational spectroscopy is a promising technique for nephrology both in basic research and in clinical practice
Plazanet, Marie. "Spectroscopie vibrationnelle pour l'étude de systèmes moléculaires organiques." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00985257.
Full textLaxalde, Jérémy. "Analyse des produits lourds du pétrole par spectroscopie vibrationnelle." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00687932.
Full textLovergne, Lila. "Diagnostic pré-symptomatique rapide du sepsis par spectroscopie vibrationnelle." Thesis, Reims, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REIMS026.
Full textSepsis is a dysregulated host response to an infection that causes life-threatening organ dysfunction. Each year, over 30 million cases and 5 million deaths are estimated worldwide. Diagnosis of sepsis is based on non-specific clinical signs and time consuming positive identification of the causative pathogen. The objective of this study is to develop and evaluate the potential of vibrational spectroscopy applied to human serum to improve diagnosis of sepsis. Challenges of serum spectroscopy inherent to the sample nature and preparation as well as to the technique have been assessed to determine the most suitable methodological approach. Then, some aspects of the pre-analytical phase have been addressed in order to standardise protocols in sample handling and preparation for spectral acquisitions to ensure quality and reproducibility of spectral data collected. Different methods have been tested to correct water content variations in dried serum, which can impact on data discrimination. Finally, based upon the developed methodology, patient serum samples (n=380) collected before surgery, up to 3 days before sepsis diagnosis, and on the day of sepsis diagnosis have been analysed. Control serum samples (n=353) from age/ sex/ procedure-matched patients who did not go on to develop sepsis have been also analysed over similar timeframes post-surgery as well as samples (n=180) from patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Spectral data acquired have been interrogated by chemometric methods to identify spectral zones reflecting differences in molecular composition allowing discrimination with over 70% of sensitivities and specificities despite water interferences
Chehaidar, Abdallah. "Dynamique vibrationnelle des semiconducteurs amorphes : diffusion Raman et modélisations." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30008.
Full textFoulet-Fonseca, Gloria. "Etude par spectroscopie vibrationnelle des complexes méthylcarbyniques et méthylcarbéniques de chrome." Paris 13, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA132028.
Full textCASTEX, JOELLE. "Apports de la spectroscopie vibrationnelle a l'etude des mineraux du manteau." Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA077270.
Full textMantisi, Boris. "Réponse vibrationnelle basse fréquence des verres de silice : modélisation et spectroscopie RAMAN." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00934253.
Full textHoccart, Xavier. "Dynamique vibrationnelle et orientationnelle de l'urée en solution aqueuse par spectroscopie Raman." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10086.
Full textLecellier, Aurélie. "Détection, caractérisation et identification des moisissures par spectroscopie vibrationnelle infrarouge et Raman." Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIMS023/document.
Full textMold contaminants represent a major problem in various areas such as food and agriculture, pharmaceutics, cosmetics and health. Currently, molds identification is based either on phenotypic characteristics, requiring an expertise and can lack accuracy, or on molecular methods, which are quite expensive and fastidious. In this context, the objective was to develop a simple and standardized protocol using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with a chemometric analysis, allowing to implement an alternative method for rapid identification of molds. In total, 498 fungal strains (45 genera and 140 species) were analyzed using a high-throughput FTIR spectrometer. Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), a supervised chemometrics method, was applied to each spectrum in the spectral ranges 3200-2800 and 1800-800 cm-1 for the identification process. Using 288 strains, different calibration models were constructed in cascade and following the current taxonomy, from the subphylum to the species level. Blind prediction of spectra from 105 strains at the genus and species levels was achieved at 99.17 % and 92.3% respectively. The establishment of a prediction score and a threshold permitted to validate 80.22% of the obtained results. The implementation of a standardization function (SF) permitted to increase the percentage of well predicted spectra from strains analyzed using another instrument from 72.15% (without SF) to 89.13% and permitted to verify the transferability of the method. Since sufficient mycelial biomass can be obtained at 48h culture and sample preparation involved a simple protocol, FTIR spectroscopy combined with PLS-DA is a very rapid and cost effective method, which could be particularly attractive for the identification of moulds at the industrial level. The results obtained places FTIR spectroscopy among the avant-garde promising analytical approaches, with high discriminant power and identification capacity, compared to conventional techniques
Thaunay, Florian. "Développement de champs de forces polarisables et applications à la spectroscopie vibrationnelle." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLX037/document.
Full textSpectroscopy dissociation by absorption of infrared photons (IRPD) provides vibrational signatures of charged species in the gas phase, such as small peptides or hydrated ions in water clusters. The vibrational normal modes assignment to establish a relationship between the experimental spectrum and molecular structure is a delicate task and requires the use of molecular modeling.This manuscript presents a set of theoretical tools for calculation and assignment of vibrational spectra, based mainly on classical molecular dynamics and polarizable AMOEBA force field, and its application to gaseous ions of various sizes. Hydrated ions in water clusters M(H2O)n (n in 6-100 range) are characterized by a dynamic behavior, and their experimental spectrum can not be described by a single structure. The signature of peptides changes with temperature and dynamic anharmonicity effects. They can also be the site of proton transfer mechanisms, with a very characteristic vibrational signature.The potential energy surface of these systems is explored by classical molecular dynamics in individual trajectories or replica exchange to generate energetically stable structures. For smaller systems, quantum methods, as DFT and post-HF, are used to confirm the lowest energy structures, calculate their static IR and propose normal modes assignments. For larger systems, i.e ions in water drops of several tens of molecules, the simulation of IR spectra at finite temperature is based on the Fourier transform of the autocorrelation function of the dipole moment (DACF), calculated during a classical molecular dynamics trajectory. As this method does not allow direct access to the vibrational normal modes, we implemented a method of dynamic assigments, based on the Driven Molecular Dynamics (DMD) and coupled to the DACF. The combination AMOEBA /DACF / DMD was used to reproduce and assign the spectrum of the dipeptide Ace-Phe-Ala-NH2, and those of hydrated ions in water clusters.Finally, the vibrational signature of a proton transfer can not be described by quantum static methods or by classical dynamics. Its modeling required the development of a two states Empirical Valence Bond Model (EVB), coupled with AMOEBA polarizable force field. The two states EVB model was implemented in the software TINKER. It can reproduce the dynamic behavior of proton transfer in small peptides and deprotonated acids, as well as the spectroscopic signatures observed experimentally.An important part of the applications of these developments relates simple hydrated ions in nano-droplets, and in particular the sulfate ion of great environmental importance. We were able to reproduce satisfactorily, for the first time, the spectra of clusters containing up to 100 water molecules. The main contributor to this experimental spectroscopy is the team of E. Williams from the University of California of Berkeley. We have established cooperation with them to complete this work by modeling the IR spectra of hydrated sulfates ions [SO4(H2O) n=9-36]2-, for which they obtained experimental signatures
Kister, Guilhem. "Etude vibrationnelle de polyesters d'intérêt thérapeutique : caractérisation d'oligomères des acides lactiques et glycolique." Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON13502.
Full textRamsis, Hassan. "Analyse vibrationnelle et structurale de biomolécules en solution aqueuse : acides adipique, diglycolique, thiodiglycolique et leur sels alcalins." Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON13508.
Full textYolou, Séri. "Analyse vibrationnelle et structurale de diacides aliphatiques oxo et gem-dimethyle substitués et de leurs sels alcalins en solution aqueuse." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON13520.
Full textBielsa, Franck. "Spectroscopie vibrationnelle à deux photons de l'ion H2+: développement d'une source laser à 9,166µm." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00199877.
Full textAllosio, Ouarnier Nathalie. "Caractérisation de la transformation de l'orge en malt par des méthodes de spectroscopie vibrationnelle." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPL076N.
Full textVacque, Valérie. "Elucidation par spectroscopie vibrationnelle de mécanismes réactionnels faisant intervenir l'eau oxygénée : caractérisation in situ d'espèces intermédiaires peroxydées." Lille 1, 1997. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1997/50376-1997-65.pdf.
Full textBouslamti, Raada Najia. "Etude vibrationnelle et conformationnelle de l'ion butanoate en solution aqueuse." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20182.
Full textMercier, Maxime. "Abondance et signification de l’eau dans les magmas mafiquesDéveloppement de la spectroscopie vibrationnelle (Raman et FTIR)." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112297.
Full textWater has a major effect on the properties of magmas. Melt inclusion hosted in minerals is very usefull to quantify the pre-eruptive content of water in magmas. However, many studies dedicated to water in the melt inclusions have demonstrated 1) the necessity of having a large dataset to decipher the magma water evolution and 2) that post-tapping processes may affect their original signature. In this work, we sought to use the micro-Raman spectroscopy for quantitative analyses of water in silicate melts, a method with a good spatial resolution suitable for the study of small-sized melt inclusions. A large part of this manuscript is dedicated to the development of the Raman spectroscopy. We propose a method which allows to control, quantify and predict the matrix effects that affect the water content determination. This method has been tested on a large range of natural compositions (melt inclusions) from trachy-andesite to basalt and basanite and validated with an infrared spectroscopy comparison. The new molar absorptivity coefficients determined for mafic composition and literature data allow us to identify the evolution of this coefficient with composition. Then, we have specifically studied the water significance in basanitic melt inclusions trapped in olivine from products of La Sommata cone (Vulcano, Aeolian Arc). After a sampling field work, an accurate study of major and volatiles elements in melt inclusions and of the chemistry of their host mineral have been performed in natural state and after heating experimentation (1200-1275°C) at 1 atmosphere. The chemical and isotopic results (δD) show the melt inclusions reliability to trace the primary and hydrated nature of arc-magmas, when the history of crystallisation is simple
Andanson, Jean-Michel. "Etude de la liaison hydrogène par spectroscopie vibrationnelle et simulation de dynamique moléculaire d'alcools en condition supercritique." Bordeaux 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR13078.
Full textVigué, Hélène. "Etude vibrationnelle de surfaces d'alumines de transition gamma, brutes et traitées par des ions Cl-." Limoges, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIMO0020.
Full textBellencontre, Frédéric. "Contributions au développement d'un champ de forces classique pour la spectroscopie vibrationnelle de bio-molécules." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EVRY0005.
Full textMolecular dynamics simulations is the proper tool giving a precise interpretation and comprehension of vibrational spectroscopy experiments. As our interests lie in the vibrational spectroscopy of biomolecules, classical molecular dynamics simulations should be performed, thus relying on empirical classical force fields. This thesis is thus dedicated to the development of a biomolecular classical force field specifically to be used in the context of vibrational infrared spectroscopy. To that end, we have developed an electrostatic model, in which the parameters are fitted from ab initio Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics simulations, which is the strength of the present developments. We have more specifically developed an electrostatic fluctuating charge model in which the charges linearly fluctuate with the molecular internal coordinates. Our method has been applied on Alanine polypeptides, and is shown to reproduce the ab initio reference spectra in the 1000-2000 cm-1 spectral domain which is characteristic of the Amide I, II and III modes of peptides and proteins
Bielsa, Franck. "Spectroscopie vibrationnelle à deux photons de l'ion H2+ : développement d'une source laser à 9.166 microns." Paris 6, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00199877.
Full textDelarbre, Jean-Louis. "Analyse vibrationnelle et structurale de dérivés mono et disubstitués de l'acide malonique et de ses sels alcalins en solution aqueuse." Montpellier 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985MON13502.
Full textThon, Raphaël. "Dynamique vibrationnelle de métaux-carbonyles pièges en matrice cryogénique." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00842721.
Full textJoyeux, Marc. "Étude vibrationnelle expérimentale et théorique du composé 4-nitropyridine N-oxyde." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ECAP0074.
Full textLeroy, Marie. "La microspectroscopie vibrationnelle comme outil de caractérisation de la peau normale humaine et reconstruite : application à la peau psoriasique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25838.
Full textResearch in the field of bioengineered skin substitutes is motivated by the need to find new dressings for people affected by skin injuries (burns, diabetic ulcers), and to develop adequate skin models to test new drug formulations developed in vitro. It is possible to produce human skin substitutes (HSS) consisting in a dermis and a stratified epidermis (living epidermis, LE, and stratum corneum, SC), using the self-assembly method developed by the Laboratoire d’Organogénèse Expérimentale (LOEX). In the present work, vibrational microspectroscopy analyses (infrared, IR, and Raman) were performed to obtain in-depth morpho-spectral characterization of the three characteristic layers of HSS as compared with normal human skin (NHS). Concerning the lipid distribution and organization, IR microspectroscopy results suggest that lipids in the SC are more ordered than those in the LE. Raman microspectroscopy results confirm that the SC is a layer rich in lipids which are well-ordered in both NHS and HSS. The amount of lipids decreases and more disorder appears in the LE for both NHS and HSS. However, the results also show that there are fewer lipids in the HSS and that the lipids are more organized in the NHS. Concerning the secondary structure of proteins and protein content, the data show that they are similar in the HSS and in NHS (keratin in the epidermis and collagen in the dermis). Finally, the lipid organization as well as the protein composition in the different layers are similar for HSS and NHS, confirming that the HSS reproduce essential features of real skin. This study also investigates psoriatic human skin (PHS) and provides a deep understanding of its molecular organization and composition. IR and Raman microspectroscopies reveal a similar distribution of lipids and collagen for NHS and PHS. However, PHS exhibits various characteristics showing a global decrease of the structural organization that is compatible with a reduction in its barrier properties. It is the first characterization of the molecular structure of these HSS, which are already considered as a promising biological wound dressing for clinical applications. The characterization of PHS could be the starting point of the characterization of the pathological substitutes.
Foulet-Fonseca, Gloria. "Etude par spectroscopie vibrationnelle des complexes méthylcarbyniques et méthylcarbéniques de chrome et leurs dérivés partiellement deutériés." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37605171c.
Full textDa, Silva Cécile. "Études structurales et vibrationnelle des liaisons hydrogène en solution aqueuse supercritique." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10213.
Full textThe main difference between water and other solvents comes frome the special role of the hydrogen bond. More precisely, we study the persistence of hydrogen bond in supercritical aqueous solution, particularly between 647 and 773 K and 22. 1 and 40 MPa. A vibrational study by Raman spectroscopy on mixtures of water and heavy water allow us to observe on one side numerous oscillators whose frequency is the one of the isolated molecule and on the other side a few oscillators linked by hydrogen bounds to other molecules. Our study by small angle X-ray scattering on water and water with ions added (such as LiBr and CsBr) shows that those hydrogen bonds should be present in high density inhomogeneities, whose size and contrast increases with the presence of ions and the atomic number of the cation. These ions are still solvated in high density area, thanks to higher "local" values of the dielectric permittivity. This fact has been demonstrated by a study by X-ray absorption spectroscopy of ZnBr2 in solvent with a fixed value of polarity but variable dielectric permittivity (water, methanol and ethyl acetate). The manuscript ends with a perspective of scientific and experimental study of the oxygen K edge of water by X-ray Raman scattering ath high temperature and high pressure
BERTHOMIEU, CATHERINE. "Etude par spectroscopie vibrationnelle infrarouge a transformee de fourier du transfert d'electron dans le photosysteme ii des plantes." Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066033.
Full textDelaval, Jean-Marie. "Structure et durées de vie radiatives de composés diatomiques du fer et du cuivre : étude théorique de l'autoionisation vibrationnelle dans CO." Lille 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL10073.
Full textTine, Modou. "Etude à haute résolution des spectres infrarouges d'un isotope rare HTO de la vapeur d'eau et des états excités de H2Te présentant un comportement en modes locaux." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112206.
Full textIn the first part of this thesis an analysis of the high-resolution spectrum of the HTO molecule nu3 band, from 3500 to 3890 cm-1, was undertaken. The rotational transitions of this band were assigned using combination differences. Their wavenumbers were analyzed with a least squares fit program in order to obtain spectroscopic parameters. A perturbing state was evidenced. With a view towards building a spectroscopic data base for this band, a calculation of the dipole moment function was undertaken. In the second part of this thesis, an analysis of the high-resolution spectrum of H2Te was carried out in the 4500 to 6000 cm-1 region. Two vibrational bands were observed which were assigned as the (30±,0) ? (00+,0) et (20±,1) ? (00+,0) bands. Rotational transitions were afterwards assigned. For the (30±,0) ? (00+,0) band, wavenumbers could be reproduced using only one set of rotational constants plus a Coriolis coupling term for the the upper vibrational state. In agreement with local mode theory, this clearly shows that the (30±,0) states displays a local mode behavior. This was not the case for the (20±,1) states characterized by lower energies
Mercier, Maxime. "Abondance et signification de l'eau dans les magmas mafiques. Développement de la spectroscopie vibrationnelle (Raman et Ftir)." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00457937.
Full textPaquet-Mercier, François. "Étude de la structure de fibres de soie et de la soie en solution par spectroscopie vibrationnelle." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29530/29530.pdf.
Full textSZUMILO, CLAUDE. "Etude par spectroscopie vibrationnelle de l'interaction de molecules organiques (epoxydes, anhydrides, acides) avec des substrats de zinc polycristallins." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066445.
Full textAlvarez, Laurent. "Mécanismes de croissance et étude vibrationnelle par spectroscopie Raman des nanotubes de carbone produits par la méthode solaire." Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20073.
Full textLaref, Slimane. "Vers une description théorique des propriétés d'adsorption et de spectroscopie vibrationnelle de molécules aromatiques aux interfaces solvant/métal." Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENSL0573.
Full textThe main goal of the thesis is the determination of the adsorption structures of complex aromatic molecules (quinoline and one of its chiral derivatives, cinchonidine) on the Pt(111) surface from density functional theory calculations. These properties are expected to improve our understanding of the role of cinchonidine in the enantioselective hydrogenation of α-keto-esters in heterogeneous catalysis. First the competitive adsorption structures of these molecules have been calculated through a classical gas/metal interface model. Then the measured vibrational spectra have been interpreted from our simulations. Second the influence of the CCl4 solvent on quinoline adsorption has been studied explicitely from two models (static and dynamic), by correcting DFT with dispersion forces (semi-empirical approach). The calculations show that the presence of the solvent does not change the stability order of the adsorption forms. However it affects the adsorbate vibrations in strong coupling with the variations of the electrostatic potential at the interface, and the agreement between experience and theory is significantly improved
Bomers, Mario. "Fonctionnalisation de surface de résonateurs plasmoniques à base de semi-conducteur III-V pour la spectroscopie vibrationnelle exaltée." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS013/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the surface functionalization of nanostructured plasmonic III-V semiconductors for surface-enhanced vibrational spectroscopy relevant to identify minute amounts of analyte molecules.The first chapter outlines the theoretical foundations of surface-enhanced vibrational spectroscopy based on plasmonics. Comparing the plasmonic properties of the degenerate semiconductor InAs(Sb):Si and of metals, here gold and gallium, it is found that the degenerate semiconductor is especially suited for surface-enhanced infrared (SEIRA) spectroscopy and that gallium with its plasmonic potential in the UV-VIS range is apt for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Both alternative plasmonic materials theoretically outperform gold in their respective spectral ranges. Nevertheless, gold and its chemical inertness remain interesting for enabling plasmonic enhanced vibrational spectroscopy in different chemical environments. The influence of aqueous environments on the material properties of III-V semiconductors is addressed in the second and in the third chapter. It is found that InAs(Sb):Si is chemical stable in water, but GaSb is not. A GaSb/InAsSb:Si compound layer structure was used to demonstrate that the depletion of antimony and the incorporation of oxygen at the GaSb-water interface transform 50 nm of crystalline GaSb to a gallium oxide in less than 14 hours. The gallium oxide has a mid-IR refractive index in the order of n=1.6 and thus less than half of the value of the mid-IR refractive index of GaSb. This change in refractive index upon oxidation can be exploited to blue-shift the localized plasmonic resonance of InAsSb:Si gratings on GaSb-substrates in the range from 5 µm to 20 µm by pedestal formation.In Chapter 4, the controlled chemical bonding of organic molecules to the approximately 3 nm thin native oxide layer of III-V semiconductor surfaces by phosphonic acid chemistry is presented. This paves the way for plasmonic enhanced all-semiconductor mid-IR biophotonic applications. In chapter 5, two different, but equally successful strategies to combine III-V based plasmonic resonators with microfluidic circuits are described. These results demonstrate that lab-on-the-chip applications based on III-V semiconductors are possible. Finally, the possibility to integrate plasmonic Gallium nanoparticles onto the III-V material platform for a potential combination of SEIRA and SERS applications is presented in chapter 6
Fillaux, Clara. "Etude structurale et vibrationnelle du chlorure de zinc à hautes pressions et hautes températures." Paris 6, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007985.
Full textCuisset, Arnaud. "Dynamique vibrationnelle sondée par échos de photons de DCl et des complexes (DCl)x(N2)n piégés en matrice cryogénique." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112323.
Full textVibrational dynamics in the ground electronic state of molecules trapped in cryogenic matrices is a relevant approach for the description of the specific interactions between a molecule and its surrounding. This vibrational dynamics was probed by photon echoes experiments using the Free Electron Laser of C. L. I. O (Centre Laser Infrarouge d'Orsay). Theses experiments make it possible on the one hand a direct measurement of the vibrational dephasing time T2, extremely sensitive to the interactions with the environment and on the other hand, a study of the spectral diffusion induced by vibrational energy transfer processes between the trapped molecules. We have chosen a simple system with a well-known spectroscopy: DC1 trapped in matrices. With this system, we are able to study within the same sample different species and to probe different interactions. In solid N2, photon echoes give a complete decription of monomer vibrational dynamics. The time-resolved signals obtained by excitation of dimers and trimers exhibit a clear influence of hydrogen bond on vibrational dynamics. In addition, experiments in argon matrix were realized probing mainly the (DC1)X-(N2)n complexes. The comparison with the results in solid nitrogen points out the strong difference between complexation effects and matrix effects on vibrational dynamics
Burgin, Julien. "Etude femtoseconde de la dynamique électronique et vibrationnelle de nano-objets métalliques et de l'ordre local dans les verres." Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13419.
Full textCostanzo, Salvatore. "Synthèse, caractérisation et spectroscopie de nanoparticules de Co et (coeur) Co / (coquille) CoO auto-organisées." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066190/document.
Full textOne of the present challenges in the field of nanomaterial chemistry is to develop strategies aimed at controlling not only the growth of metal nanoparticles (NPs), but also their long-distance organization. Another important goal is controlling the oxidation of NPs and especially the formation of complex oxides having a core (metal) @ shell (metal oxide) architecture. In this context, by revisiting micellar synthesis, a strategy based on the modification of solvent-controlled ligand-ligand interactions was established, following the modeling of the Hansen solubility, of controlling the size of cobalt NPs (3.8 nm to 9.1 nm). Dodecanoic acid NPs passives and protects from oxidation and coalescence (TEM & SAXS control). Hexagonal lattice monolayers and face-centered 3D fcc superlattices were obtained. Using two oxidation strategies combined with annealing, dry and in solution, core / shell NPs: Co (ferro) @CoO (antiferromagnetic)/ were prepared with a polycrystalline metal core cfc or monocrystalline hcp. The preliminary study of the magnetic properties (SQUID) shows that the Co / CoO interface favors a moderate ferromagnetic / antiferromagnetic exchange interaction. Raman spectroscopy, a non-invasive method, under different laser excitations allows the simultaneous analysis of the metal particle (phase control and measurement of diameters from Lamb's modes), coating agent and its interaction with the NP and the possible oxide shells (CoO/CoOH, CO3O4) as well as the dynamics of the dodecanaote chains. Infrared analysis indicates hydroxylation of the unoxidized NPs. The vibrational techniques appear well adapted to the multi-scale control of NPs assemblies and supracrystals
Hantz-Brachet, Edith. "Etude d'émulsions et de vésicules unilamellaires d'intérêt biologique ou pharmaceutique par diffusion quasiélastique de la lumière et spectroscopie vibrationnelle." Paris 13, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA132009.
Full textHalut, Desportes Sabine. "Etude de complexes du MG2+ avec le méthanol et la pyridine par diffraction des rayons X et spectroscopie vibrationnelle." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066408.
Full textHalut-Desportes, Sabine. "Etude de complexes de Mg²⁺ avec le méthanol et la pyridine par diffraction des rayons X et spectroscopie vibrationnelle." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37598182f.
Full textHantz-Brachet, Edith. "Etude d'émulsions et de vésicules unilamellaires d'intérêt biologique ou pharmaceutique par diffusion quasiélastique de la lumière et spectroscopie vibrationnelle." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376142739.
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