Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Techniques d’allocation de puissance'
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Badran, Ibrahim Hesham Sadat. "Enhancement of Optical Wireless Communications Using Hybrid and Multiple Access Techniques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées Bretagne, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ENTA0010.
Full textVisible light communication (VLC) is a promising technology for indoor wireless connectivity, offering high-speed data transmission and alleviating spectrum congestion. This thesis explores the integration of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques to improve VLC system efficiency. We investigate various power allocation techniques, including fixed power allocation (FPA), gain ratio power allocation (GRPA), and normalized gain difference power allocation (NGDPA), to enhance resource distribution among users. Different user pairing algorithms, such as next-largest difference user-pairing algorithm (NLUPA) and uniform channel gain difference (UCGD), are also examined. The achievable sum rate for NOMAMIMO-VLC systems is analyzed in scenarios with even and odd user numbers, and results are compared with NOMA without pairing and orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA). Furthermore, we assess the bit error rate (BER) performance under diversity techniques, such as selection combining (SC), equal gain combining (EGC), and maximum ratio combining (MRC). Finally, we derive an analytic expression for BER for an arbitrary number of users. Overall, our comprehensive study provides valuable insights into NOMA-MIMO-VLC systems for indoor wireless communication
Ticlea, Alexandru Ioan. "Techniques d'immersion pour l'estimation non linéaire : application aux systèmes de puissance." Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPG0101.
Full textThis work lies within the scope of the nonlinear estimation problem. Its contributions mainly concern the transformations through immersion (for the purpose of constructing an observer), which generalize the transformations through diffeomorphism in the way that the dimension of the state spa ce is not necessarily preserved; it may increase. First, we resort to the use of output injection in order to enlarge the class of the systems that can be immersed into a state affine form and we indicate some heuristic ways to construct the immersion. Second, we show that a possibility to obtain a rigorous characterization of the immersion conditions, regardless the presence of output injection, is to tolerate in some way the nonlinearities. Without output injection, the corresponding immersion procedure is systematic. Finally, for the form that results through immersion we present a high gain observer whose synthesis does not rely on the uniform observability assumption
Li, Yiqun. "Contribution à l'optimisation des performances d'antennes de téléphones mobiles à l'aide de techniques d'adaptation." Cergy-Pontoise, 2009. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/09CERG0429.pdf.
Full textMobile telephone antenna design can be summarised as a complex “multi-objectives” problem. Hence, in the actual procedure of the mobile phone antenna design, “trial and error” method is widely used thanks to simulation software or measurement tools. Free-space bandwidth is considered as the central decision criterion. A new design approach allowing simultaneous optimization of the antenna performances in free-space and in the presence of a user is applied in this thesis. The central decision criterion is changed to the ratio of TRP / SAR. Bandwidth is compensated in other way, in particular, the matching technique. For this aim, the matching limits between the reflexion coefficient and the bandwidth with a matching network for a mono- and dual-band mobile phone antenna are deduced. The limits allow us a larger degree of freedom in the design of mobile phone antenna. This thesis leads to a practical method for obtaining a good compromise between the various constrains, by adding a matching network, with consideration on the influence of the complete radio transmission chain including the power amplifier
Cesari, Bohigas Albert. "Implémentation de techniques de linéarisation et d'amélioration du rendement pour les amplificateurs de puissance RF." Toulouse, INSA, 2008. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000239/.
Full textThe antagonism between information capacity and energetic efficiency in the context of wireless communications, more precisely : the trade-off between transmitter linearity and its efficiency ; is the main driver of this thesis. A FPGA5-based architecture for digital predistortion (DPD) linearizers for RF power amplifiers is proposed in this thesis. By means of separating the adaptation process from the predistortion itself, a convenient, simple hardware building block for the DPD architecture inside the FPGA {the Basic Predistortion Cell (BPC){ has been identified. A BPC-based architecture provides independency from the particular DPD function derivation method, and it is easily scalable and reconfigurable, depending on the operation mode and degree of impairments introduced by the transmitter chain in each particular case. In order to support those claims and provide experimental evidence, two main different prototyping scenarios have been developed. In the first one, a DPD adaptive linearizer based on the passivity theory (hyperstable systems) has been designed and implemented on a low-cost mixed FPGA/DSP platform. Besides experimental results, complementary signal proces sing techniques to DPD are also addressed, thus giving a wide insight on realistic scenarios of DPD systems. In the second scenario, an advanced, adaptive DPD system aimed at compensating not only PA's nonlinear behavior, but also its memory effects, is presented. It is based on a Nonlinear Auto-Regressive Moving Average7 structure which is mapped into hardware using a BPC grid-structure. Besides the experimental results on PA efficiency and linearity, FPGA implementation issues {such as adaptation and power consumption{ are also studied. The manipulation of the PA class of operation to improve its efficiency, provided that DPD may be unavoidable due to the impact of memory effects, is discussed as well. Finally, to further improve efficiency, a DPD linearizer with dynamic supply built-in capabilities has been proposed and implemented as discussed in the last part of this thesis. There, an efficient, bandwidth limited, switched DC-DC converter is in charge of the PA supply modulation. The thorough design procedure targeting a FPGA implementation shows how the necessary functions for commanding the supply modulator can be seamlessly integrated within the DPD processor. The experimental results highlight how the proposed solution maintains linearity and enhances the PA efficiency when compared to a DPD-only method
CORNIBERT, LAURENT. "Isolations dielectriques pour circuits microelectroniques de puissance basees sur des techniques de fusion localisee." Toulouse 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU30129.
Full textLounis, Zohra. "Apports des techniques de cablages laminaires dans un onduleur à IGBT de moyenne puissance." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPL129N.
Full textEl, Cheikh Mohamad Khair. "L'IGBT en commutation : analyse du comportement dynamique et évaluation des techniques de commande rapprochée." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX30030.
Full textCesari, Albert. "Implémentation de techniques de linéarisation et d'amélioration du rendement pour les amplificateurs de puissance RF." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00538808.
Full textOrdonez, Flores Rafael. "Contribution à l’étude des moyens techniques visant à alléger les contraintes imposées au réseau public à basse tension." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112173.
Full textThis work consists of grouping together a three-phase Active Filter and an “uninterruptible power supply” into a single converter. This converter is then capable of reducing electromagnetic perturbations from the main AC supply and also of acting as a Backup Supply. It can adapt itself to any linear or non linear load, balanced or unbalanced. The converter is connected in parallel with the electric grid to impose optimal waveform currents on the main AC supply or to replace it. To implement the AF, the principal task has been to determine the optimal waveform of the supply currents. The objective is to obtain a maximal Power Factor. Since the supply voltages are distorted, the compensation method of "non active" power is used for reaching the maximal PF. The AF then supplies the non active power that the load absorbs. To mitigate failures from the main AC supply, a battery is connected to AF. A solution which allows minimization of the batteries encumbrance is proposed: it sets up a supplementary dc/dc converter which acts as buck/boost converter. The Active Filter – Backup Supply system works then in one of two modes according to the availability of the AC supply: 1) AC supply available, FACH (French name) mode: the AF compensates for the non active power and supplies the energy necessary for the charger (buck converter) to recharge the battery; 2) AC supply unavailable, OSE (French name) mode: the BS supplies sinusoidal voltages to load from the boost converter – battery group. The AF was validated by a 1. 5kVA experimental model and the global AF-BS system by simulation
Luan, Quoc Hung. "Etude et mise en oeuvre de techniques d'assemblages hybrides pour l'intégration tridimensionnelle en électronique de puissance." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/873/.
Full textIn Power Electronics Applications, the general trend is to develop integration leading to an increase of the power density and a decrease of volume, weight and cost while maintaining a high level of reliability. It is particularly, the case for mobile systems or systems involved in transportation (automotive, railways and aeronautics). One of the most promising issues to improve the compactness of the systems is three-dimensional (3D) integration. The shift from classic power modules (where all the chips are coplanar, and the heat only transferred by the back side) to 3D structures allows improving simultaneously the thermal performances (double sides' cooling), the electric ones (reduction of parasitic inductances and decrease of the resistances) and the electromagnetic ones. Interconnections and assembly, improperly called "packaging", play a fundamental role in this field. In this Thesis, thanks to development of nanotechnologies, a hybrid assembly method is proposed. Named " nano scratch ", it consists in a structure of nano copper wires, deposited on at least one of the surfaces to be joined. The interpenetration of these nanowires is then achieved by pressing the surfaces against each other. Hence, not only a mechanical assembly but also an electrical and a thermal connection is realized. This type of assembly is a promising candidate for the replacements of solder technology. This simple and low cost process may favor 3D integration in power electronics applications. In a first part, the different components of a power module are reminded, Then, a state of art of the different interconnection technologies and assemblies used in power modules is presented. The second chapter focuses on an evaluation of the different methods used to fabricate the nanostructures. Electroplating through a nano porous membrane appears to be the most reproducible one and will be the one studied in this thesis. The last chapter, the principle and implementation of an electro-thermo mechanical assembly are presented and tested. .
Bouafia, Abdelouahab. "Techniques de commande prédictive et floue pour les systèmes électroniques de puissance : application aux redresseurs MLI." Poitiers, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010POIT2297.
Full textThis work deals with harmonic elimination in electrical energy distribution networks. In fact, harmonic pollution has become a major field of concern in modern industry. It is usually caused by non linear loads, which draw non sinusoidal current from the network. Current harmonics are mainly caused by static converters, especially diode and thyristor rectifiers, because they have a non linear behaviour and represent the main source of currents harmonics injection. Therefore, some measures must be taken in order to reduce current harmonic distortion caused by this equipment. In this field, the advanced preventive solutions adopted, other than active filters which are curative method, is to substitute the conventional rectifiers with new structures of AC / DC non-polluting converters, which have resistive behaviour towards the network. This research work contributes to the control of PWM rectifier with sinusoidal current absorption. That is why, various control strategies have been developed for this converter in order to obtain an efficient control of the DC bus voltage and nearly sinusoidal input current waveforms. These strategies are based either on direct control of input currents or direct power control (DPC). Moreover, they are combined with advanced controls like approaches with fuzzy logic and predictive control applied to the two preceding methods. Simulations presented in this work are performed with Matlab/SimulinkTM tools, and practical implementation in real time has been done through a system controller board dSPACE 1104
Doukopoulos, Xenofon. "Techniques de la puissance pour l'estimation aveugle d'un canal dans des systèmes de communication sans fil." Rennes 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN10060.
Full textNocua, Cifuentes Jorge Alejandro. "A hybrid power estimation technique to improve high-level power models." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT278.
Full textHigh power consumption is a key factor hindering System-on-Chip (SoC) performance. Accurate and efficient power models have to be introduced early in the design flow when most of the optimization potential is possible. However, early accuracy cannot be ensured because of the lack of precise knowledge of the final circuit structure. Current SoC design paradigm relies on IP (Intellectual Property) core reuse since low-level information about circuit components and structure is available. Thus, power estimation accuracy at the system level can be improved by using this information and developing an estimation methodology that fits IP cores power modeling needs.The main contribution of this thesis is the development of a Hybrid Power Estimation Technique (HPET), in which, information coming from different abstraction levels is used to assess the power consumption in a fast and accurate manner. HPET is based on an effective characterization methodology of the technology library and an efficient hybrid power modeling approach. Experimental results, derived using HPET, have been validated on different benchmark circuits synthesized using the 28nm “Fully Depleted Silicon On Insulator” (FDSOI) technology. Experimental results show that in average we can achieve up to 70X speedup while having transistor-level accuracy. For both analyzed power types (instantaneous and average), HPET results are well correlated with respect to the ones computed in SPECTRE and Primetime-PX. This demonstrates that HPET is an effective technique to enhance power macro-modeling creation at high abstraction levels
Raynal, Carole. "Etude des techniques de linéarisation des amplificateurs de puissance dans le cadre de la télévision numérique terrestre." Limoges, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LIMO4004.
Full textAmong others, the spurious levels must be lower than the threshold imposed by regulation authorities to avoid disturbing the other channels. Taking in account the non linearity nature of power amplifiers, increase the emitted power leads to increase the efficiency but also the spurious level. Consequently, broadcasters should reach a compromise between spurious level and transmitters cost. DVB-T programs are currently amplified in mono-channel, i. E. Each multiplex is amplified by its own amplifier. The efficiency is improved using a digital predistorter and a band-pass filter. The digital predistorter minimizes in band and out of band intermodulations, and the filter cleans the spectrum. The digital predistortion method, simulated in this memory, allows a great improvement of the shoulders and the BER. Multi-channel amplification would conduce to a high profit because only one amplifier is necessary to treat several channels. However without linearization, the amplifier must be used with a very high output back-o? in order to keep the spurious level below the fixed threshold. In this thesis we present a multi-channel predistorter that highly improves the shoulders and the spurious level
Daulle, Armelle. "Conception, réalisation et caractérisation de capteurs de puissance micro-onde." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10167.
Full textNajem, Mohamad. "Exploration des techniques de fouille de données pour un monitoring efficace des systèmes intégrés sur puce." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS154/document.
Full textOver the last decades, the miniaturization of semiconductor technologies has allowed to design complex systems, including today's several billions of transistors on a single die. As a consequence, the integration density has increased and the power consumption has become significant. This is compounded by the reliability issues represented by the presence of thermal hotspots that can accelerate the degradation of the transistors, and consequently reduce the chip lifetime. In order to face these challenges, new solutions are required, based in particular on the self-adaptive systems. These systems are mainly composed of a control loop with three processes: (i) the monitoring which is responsible for observing the state of the system, (ii) the diagnosis, which analyzes the information collected and make decisions to optimize the behavior of the system, and (iii) the action that adjusts the system parameters accordingly. However, effective adaptations depend critically on the monitoring process that should provide an accurate estimation about the system state in a cost-effective way. The monitoring is typically done by using integrated sensors (analog or digital). The industrial methods consist of placing one sensor per resource (static monitoring). However, these methods are usually too expensive, and require a large number of units to produce a precise information at a fine-grained resolution. This thesis proposes an innovative and ‘upstream' approach; a set of data mining techniques is used to analyze data extracted from various levels of abstractions from the design flow, in order to define the optimum monitoring in terms of cost and accuracy. Our method systematically identifies relevant information required for the implementation of effective monitoring. This thesis mainly focuses on the monitoring of the power and the temperature of the chip
Zylbersztejn, Florian. "Diagnostic des vibrations coeur dans les réacteurs de 4 ieme génération par des techniques de bruit neutronique en puissance." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENI111.
Full textThe Sodium cooled Fast Reactor (SFR) is one of the six reactor types selected by the Generation-IV international forum (GIF), and the building of an industrial prototype is planned in France. The safety standard of the future SFR has to be equivalent to the EPR's. The general improvement of the safety of the new reactor goes through the examination of all the potentially harmful scenarios and both the study and monitoring of early signs.The mechanical deformations of the core can have harmful consequences in sodium fast reactors, such as unexpected power variations due to the reactivity increase in case of core compaction, or the excessive deterioration of the mechanical structures. The monitoring of such phenomena and of their potential early signs is then needed. The monitoring of such phenomena can be done with neutron detectors placed inside and outside the tank.This PhD thesis deals with the study of the neutron noise generated by the periodic deformation of the SFR core, restricted to the so-called core compaction or core flowering phenomenon, a deformation consisting in the variation of the inter-assembly sodium width by a radial bending the assemblies (the assemblies in SFR are held by the base). The PhD thesis has been performed within a collaboration between CEA (France) and Chalmers Institute of Technology (Sweden). The work realized during the thesis led to the publication of 3 articles as first author and another as second author.This work has embraced the following topics:newlineA state of the art of the monitoring of the core deformation phenomenon by interpretation of the noise measurements in SFR has been done. The PHENIX reactor multi physics measurements database has been scrutinized to provide an interpretation of the neutron noise bringing out a mechanical vibration phenomena. An important conclusion was that the lack of theoretical knowledge about the neutron noise induced by the vibration phenomenon and the ill positioning of the neutron detectors are the key points limiting the capacities of interpretation of noise measurements.The collaboration with the Chalmers team has allowed the improvement of a calculation code solving the neutron noise equations (CORESIM). The work has started with the use of an earlier version of CORESIM code for thermal reactors and the study of the noise induced by the statistical fluctuations of the coolant temperature. That work led to a publication in Annal of Nuclear Energy. I took part in the adaptation of the CORESIM code to the specificities of fast reactors and its application to a working version of an SFR.newlineThe modeling of the core flowering phenomenon and the direct application of the code on the CP-ESFR core case were carried out. The reactivity impact specific to the CP-ESFR core was calculated for two models of core deformations. The neutron noise induced by the modeled deformation has been then calculated. The energy, space and frequency dependence of the neutron noise has been analysed and will contribute to the instrumentation positioning question.It comes out that such a phenomena could be monitored by placing several detectors outside of the core along the same axial channel at several heights. It would also be doable to identify the noise signature by the axial noise profile. One can note that the relative noise is significantly higher at the top fuel height than in the lower fuel height. This work could be continued by designing a neutron instrumentation dedicated to the core monitoring using the proposed neutron noise technique
Popescu, Radu-Mugur. "Vers de nouvelles méthodes de prédiction des performances CEM dans les convertisseurs d'électronique de puissance." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10238.
Full textMasson, Amandine. "Mise en oeuvre de techniques d'attaches de puces alternatives aux brasures pour des applications haute température." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00759411.
Full textZhao, Lei. "Beamforming and power allocation techniques for multiuser MIMO broadcast channels." Nantes, 2014. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=df1c0c06-0a3b-4813-a80d-cd2dce9e326b.
Full textThe sum rate maximization in multiuser MIMO broadcast channels is investigated in this thesis. Firstly, we give an overview of the state of the art of the different beamforming techniques in the literature, and a new beamforming method under total power constraint is proposed. Secondly, considering that the power of each antenna is limited individually by the linearity of its power amplifier in practice, we impose a more realistic per-antenna power constraint to optimize the sum rate. It can be seen that the original problem is difficult to solve. Then in this thesis, this problem is divided into two classical subproblems, one of which becomes a semidefinite programming (SDP) problem, and the other one can be solved by the maximal-ratio combining (MRC) technique. Compared with the methods in the literature, a better sum rate performance is achieved. Moreover, the proposed method works even if the number of total receive antennas is larger than that of the transmit antennas. Thirdly, if the interference is not removed completely in multiuser MIMO broadcast channels, power allocation becomes a NP hard problem. In this thesis, an efficient suboptimal power allocation method is proposed to maximize the sum rate. Compared with the methods in the literature, the computational complexity is substantially reduced, and the performance is close to the optimal value
Chabaane, Youssef. "Développement d'une plateforme matérielle pour l'implémentation des techniques de décomposition de signaux pour les amplificateurs de puissance à deux branches." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2011. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/671/1/CHABAANE_Youssef.pdf.
Full textHojeij, Marie Rita. "Resource allocation techniques for non-orthogonal multiple access systems." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IMTA0085/document.
Full textWith the proliferation of Internet applications, between the end of 2016 and 2022, total mobile traffic is expected to increase by 8 times. At the same time, communications networks are required to further enhance system efficiency, latency, and user fairness. To this end, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has recently emerged as a promising candidate for future radio access. By exploiting an additional multiplexing domain, the power domain, NOMA allows the cohabitation of two or more users per subcarrier, based on the principle of signal superposition. This dissertation addresses several radio resource allocation problems in mobile communication systems, in order to improve network performance in terms of spectral efficiency, through put, or fairness. Theoretical analysis and algorithmic solutions are derived. Numerical results are obtained to validate our theoretical findings and demonstrate the algorithms ability of attaining optimal or sub-optimal solutions. To this direction, the second chapter of this thesis investigates several new strategies for the allocation of radio resources (bandwidth and transmission power) using NOMA principle, where the minimization of the total amount of used bandwidth is targeted. Extensive simulation results show that the proposed strategies for resource allocation can improve both the spectral efficiency and the cell-edge user throughput, especially when compared to schemes employing only orthogonal signaling. A context where the total bandwidth is available has also been studied, in the 3rd chapter where we investigate the performance of the proportional fairness (PF) scheduler, and we propose modifications to it, at the level of user scheduling and power allocation that show to improve the system capacity, user fairness and QoS. In the 4th chapter, we proposed new pairing metrics that allow to favor the fairness at the expense of the throughput and vice versa. The proposed metrics show enhancements at the level of system capacity, user fairness, and computational complexity. Different techniques that allow a hybrid broadcast/multicast transmission on the same frequency platform are proposed in the last chapter and compared to the state of the art
Mounzer, Ralph. "New tone reservation PAPR reduction techniques for multicarrier systems." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAR0029/document.
Full textOrthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has been adopted by many telecommunication and broadcasting systems for its robustness, high transmission rates, mobility and bandwidth efficiency. However, OFDM signals are characterized by high power fluctuations, measured by the Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR), which cause distortions at the output of the non-linear High Power Amplifier (HPA) and prevent the radio frequency designer to feed the signal at the optimal point of the HPA specifications in order to reduce the energy consumption. The second generation of Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB-T2) adopted two PAPR reduction techniques, one of them is Tone Reservation (TR). TR creates a Kernel from a reserved set of subcarriers. The kernel is then iteratively added to the OFDM signal in such a way to reduce its peaks thus reducing its PAPR. In the first part of the thesis, different algorithms offering better performances compared to the DVB-T2 TR solution are proposed. A first group of solutions introduces changes and enhancements to the TR algorithm adopted in DVB-T2 TR but keeps the same kernel definition. This group includes: the Partial Oversampling and Fractional Shifted Kernels (POFSK) technique which is based on a partial oversampling of the signal, the Dynamic Threshold (DT) technique which allows better algorithm convergence by dynamically computing the PAPR reduction threshold for every OFDM symbol, and the Enhanced Peak Selection (EPS) technique which provides additional PAPR reduction by choosing the appropriate signal peaks to reduce and the peaks to skip. The second group of solutions includes the Individual Carrier Multiple Peaks (ICMP) technique which is based on a special kernel definition that changes from one algorithm iteration to another and uses a different phase calculation approach that allows the reduction of multiple peaks at a time. GICMP is an optimized version of ICMP that allows the parallelization of iterations in such a way to reduce the processing delay and the number of algorithm iterations. The simulation results and real hardware platform measurements of the proposed algorithms showed that, compared to the DVB-T2 TR version, the GICMP algorithm allows a Modulation Error Rate – MER gain of up to 2.5 dB or a 10 % reduction in HPA consumed energy with the same performances
Tuffery, Adrien. "Conception d’amplificateurs de puissance reconfigurables en technologie CMOS avancée pour une application 4G LTE." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14682/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the design of reconfigurable power amplifiers implemented in CMOS technology for 4G LTE application. For the next generation communication systems such as 4G LTE, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is employed for a wideband communication. Indeed, signal information is encoded both in amplitude and phase domains, which results in a higher peak to average power ratio than for 2G and 3G systems. Consequently, the overall power amplifier (PA) efficiency does not only depend on efficiency at maximum power, but also and mainly on efficiency at back-off level where the PA operates most of the time. Obviously, classical PA architectures do not address this problem, because it can only achieve maximum efficiency at a single power level, usually around the peak output power. Therefore, the overall efficiency of the PA is considerably low and efficiency improvement techniques are required to increase the battery life-time. This thesis exposes innovative architectures using Power Cell Switching (PCS) and Envelope Tracking (ET) techniques. The main objective of the proposed architectures is to significantly improve the average efficiency in comparison with a stand-alone power amplifier at power back-off. Consequently, a reconfigurable PA architecture using a 4-step PCS technique has been implemented in CMOS 65nm technology. A second architecture was designed to evaluate the improvement obtained with the combination of these two techniques
Labrousse, Denis. "Amélioration des techniques d’estimation des perturbations conduites : application à une chaîne de traction de véhicule électrique." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DENS0042/document.
Full textIn the transport field, whether road, rail, marine or aeronautic, the number and power of embedded electric or electronic devices are constantly increasing. New features, often developed for passengers comfort, are responsible for this increase. Moreover, many actuators which were previously mechanical, thermal or hydraulic are replaced by electrical ones. Those new actuators need an electrical power supply which most of the time rely on power electronics. It is well known that this kind of device generate high levels of disturbances. In order to take into account the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) at the design stage of a product, builders need tools adapted to EMC or specific conception rules. The work performed during this thesis is geared in order to meet these needs.The first part deals with the modeling of conducted electromagnetic interferences (EMI) of an electrical power train mainly composed by power electronics converter and a wound rotor synchronous machine. Thanks to this study, a generic model of any non-insulated structure of power electronics was developed. The second part consists in developing a new computing method which allows to reduce the time of computing. Based on the observation of signals on different time intervals, a reconstruction technique by convolution product is proposed and applied for a common mode current. The third part deals with the elaboration of sources of disturbances by transfer functions which describe the high frequency behavior of a switching cell. This modeling is directly implementable in a circuit simulation software as it allows to linearize the intrinsic non linear behavior of the semiconductor components
Feng, Xiaowen. "Efficient baseband digital predistortion techniques for linearizing power amplifier by taking into account nonlinear memory effect." Nantes, 2015. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=3619006c-f9da-4c0b-8b67-4445eda2c7b1.
Full textBaseband digital predistortion (DPD) techniques for linearizing power amplifiers (PA) with memory effects are investigated in this thesis. Firstly, the relevant elements concerning PA linearization are introduced, such as PA nonlinearity behavior, its influence on the communication systems, its modeling and characterization. . . Then some existing linearization techniques are presented, such as power backoff, feedforward, feedback, linear amplification with nonlinear components and DPD. DPD is the most promising linearization technique. After that, the implementation architecture and identification algorithms of DPD are described. In this thesis, four DPD methods are proposed. The first method (MP/LUT DPD) is to combine a memory polynomial (MP) model and a simple non-interpolated LUT. Both the amplitude and phase of the predistorted signal are calculated by LUT. The second method is to add linear interpolation technique to MP/LUT DPD. The third method improves the second one by using a quadratic interpolation technique to MP/LUT DPD. The fourth method is to combine MP DPD and feed forward neural network. The principal innovation is that the training samples of the neural networks are the predistorded signal obtained by MP DPD. Finally, simulation results and experimental results are given and analyzed. The proposed methods provide different trade-off between the linearization performance, time efficiency and complexity
Helali, Hassan. "Méthodologie de pré-dimensionnement de convertisseurs de puissance : utilisation des techniques d'optimisation multi-objectif et prise en compte de contraintes CEM." Lyon, INSA, 2005. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2006ISAL0085/these.pdf.
Full textInitial sizing of a power converter requires simple analytical models as detail and precision are not compulsory. In this work we propose a new analytical method to predict the conducted electromagnetic disturbances of a power converter. Based on causality analysis with bond graphs the proposed method leads, in a systematic way, to an analytical models that is precise enough. The method has been experimentally verified. Our work also include the optimization of a buck converter using one single objective and using multi-objectives simultaneously. Single objective techniques allow the design of converters with a high score on a sole criterion at the price of reduced performance on the other criteria. Multi-objective techniques, on their side, produces a set of several solutions of witch a choice is not obvious. We propose a method using multi-objective techniques that produces a unique solution, the closest to an ideal goal. This deal is built from the set of single objective optimizations solutions, each objective is processed independently. The method we propose for the initial sizing of power converters produces one unique solution along with the set of optimized solutions on each objective taken independently. The designer is provided with one solution that is located in relation to the achievable optimum for each objective (energy efficiency, economical cost, overall mechanical dimensions,…)
Saad, El Dine Mohamad. "Linéarisation des amplificateurs de puissance à haut rendement en combinant les techniques de pré distorsion numérique et le contrôle de polarisation." Limoges, 2011. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/159b8ebd-0d26-4b99-9c48-fc7f17ff3bf4/blobholder:0/2011LIMO4021.pdf.
Full textModern communication systems require the use of modulation schemes that lead to non envelope constant microwave signals. The peak to average power ratio (PAPR) of these signals is large. In such conditions, power amplifiers used in transmitters are critical devices because they need to be optimized in terms of both electrical efficiency and linearity which are antagonist parameters if conventional power amplifier architectures are considered. Consequently there is a major interest in research activities dealing with new power amplifier architectures that enable to obtain either high efficiency or good linearity performances. This can be reached if linearization techniques are applied to high efficiency power amplifiers designs. In such a context it is of prime interest to develop a laboratory set up that includes dynamic biasing of power amplifiers and digital predistortion capabilities to investigate novel high efficiency and linear amplification solutions. This has been accomplished in this work and applied to the optimisation of both efficiency and linearity of a 10 Watt GaN amplifier at S Band. Finally an experimental study that consists in low pass filtering the dynamic drain bias voltage is reported. The goal is to find a possible solution to enhance the efficiency of the bias modulator circuit without impacting to much linearity performances
Helali, Hassan Morel Hervé Slama-Belkhodja Ilhem. "Méthodologie de pré-dimensionnement de convertisseurs de puissance utilisation des techniques d'optimisation multi-objectif et prise en compte de contraintes CEM /." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2007. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=helali.
Full textDiallo, Mamadou Lamarana. "Contribution aux techniques dites d'ajout de signal pour la Réduction du Facteur de Crête des signaux OFDM." Thesis, CentraleSupélec, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SUPL0005/document.
Full textOne of the main drawbacks of the OFDM modulation scheme is its high Peak-To-Average Power variation (PAPR) which can induce poor power efficiency at the transmitter amplifier. The digital base band pre-distortion for linearisation of power amplifier and the PAPR mitigation are the most commonly used solution in order to deals with efficiency and linearisation at the high power amplifier. This thesis is focused on the PAPR mitigation solution, and particularly on the adding signal based techniques. The proposed solutions in this report are about improving the Tone Reservation method which is the most popular adding signal based technique for PAPR mitigation, and also the classical clipping method which is the most simple method (in terms of computational complexity) actually
Larie, Aurélien. "Conception d'amplificateurs de puissance hautement linéaires à 60 GHz en technologies CMOS nanométriques." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0210/document.
Full textThe CMOS 60GHz power amplifier (PA) remains one of the most design-challenging components. Indeed, a high linearity associated with a large back-off range are required due to complex modulated signals.In this context, this work focuses on the design of architectures and linearization techniques which are usable at millimeter-wave frequencies. First, a CMOS PA state of the art is presented to define all bottlenecks. Then, the physical phenomena impacting on passive device performances are described. Elementary PAs are implemented in CMOS 65nm and 28nm Bulk and the most suitable topologies are selected. Finally, two highly linear circuits are designed in 65nm Bulk and 28nm FD-SOI. They achieve the highest ITRS figures of merit reported to this day. In addition, the 28nm FD-SOI PA exhibits the best linearity/consumption tradeoff
Sariñana, Toledo Aarón. "Commande directe et observation des convertisseurs de puissance : application à l'onduleur de tension triphase." Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0127.
Full textThis dissertation deals with the control and observation of the voltage source inverter. It is divided into 4 main parts. The first one concerns the modeling of the power converter, and its classical représentation into différent coordinates is shown in détail. At the same time, we présent in détail the différent applications which we are interested in: the reactive power compensation and the active filtering. The second part treats the study of a direct sliding mode controUer based on the minimal simplex. This approach allows to overcome some ambiguity problems arisen in the task of selecting the inverter's switches signais. Comparisons with the classical hystérésis controUer are made in order to highlight the main properties of the proposed approach. In the third part of this dissertation we propose an approach, based on the previous one, which allows to fixe the switching frequency of the converter. Moreover, this previous resuit was enhanced by adding a compensation technique of the delays induced by the measurement process. Some expérimental results showed the validity of the analysis and simulations. The last part of this work deals with the design of two kinds of nonlinear observers (a Kalman-type observer and a sliding mode observer). When applied to the power inverter, the observers offer us the possibility of reducing the number of sensors or even of using this soft sensor as redundant for security purposes. Two cases are treated in détail: an observer for the DC-link voltage from the measurements of the currents of the main and another one which allows to observe the currents of the main from the DC-link voltage's measurement
Cheng, Xinying. "Study and mitigation techniques of RF impairments for beyond 5G multi-carrier waveforms." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUS181.pdf.
Full textFundamental research towards beyond 5G cellular networks is ongoing and the vision of 2020 and beyond includes a significant amount use cases considering a massive number of devices with a wide range of characteristics and demands. On the one hand, the good spectral efficiency gives more capacity for the transmission while on the other hand, building compact and low-cost flexible and high-quality radio equipment is a very challenging task. The context of this thesis is the study of massive MIMO techniques with the presence of radio frequency (RF) imperfections, in particular, the non-linear (NL) power amplifiers (PA). The large number of PAs equipped in the base station (BS) creates various constraints which lead to strong degradation of the transmission quality both in the band and out of band. On the other hand, 5G standardization introduced the concept of different numerologies together with the massive MIMO technique. The influence of the different numerologies used by the different users will also be studied in this thesis
Ben, mabrouk Mouna. "PA efficiency enhancement using digital linearization techniques in uplink cognitive radio systems." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0296/document.
Full textFor a battery driven terminal, the power amplifier (PA) efficiency must be optimized. Consequently,non-linearities may appear at the PA output in the transmission chain. To compensatethese distortions, one solution consists in using a digital post-distorter based on aVolterra model of both the PA and the channel and a Kalman filter (KF) based algorithm tojointly estimate the Volterra kernels and the transmitted symbols. Here, we suggest addressingthis issue when dealing with uplink cognitive radio (CR) system. In this case, additionalconstraints must be taken into account. Since the CR terminal may switch from one subbandto another, the PA non-linearities may vary over time. Therefore, we propose to designa digital post-distorter based on an interacting multiple model combining various KF basedestimators using different model parameter dynamics. This makes it possible to track thetime variations of the Volterra kernels while keeping accurate estimates when those parametersare static. Furthermore, the single carrier case is addressed and validated by simulationresults. In addition, the relevance of the proposed approach is confirmed by measurementscarried on a (300-3000) MHz broadband PA
Grosick, Emmanuele. "Techniques avancées de traitement d'antennes pour la localisation de sources : application à la localisation de mobile : cas du système UMTS." Paris, ENST, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENST0045.
Full textMobile location is a growing practice in cellular communication systems and many applications are already forecasted : localizing traffic in order to balancethe network, emergency interventions. . . The thesis has focused on the main approaches proposed in the literature to locate a mobile : strength measures, Time-Of-Arrival (TOA), Angle-Of-Arrival(AOA) or Joint AOA-TOA techniques. This study done within the framework of UMTS-FDD norm, has highlighted two main difficulties : - The first one is the near-far problem (NFE) which corresponds to the difficulty for a base-station (BS) (resp. Mobile) to hear far-located mobiles(resp. BS) because of the interference generated by close-located mobiles(resp. BS) which is particularly important in UMTS-FDD systems - The second one concerns the absence of LOS path (NLOS problem) in radio-mobile environments due to the presence of obstacles between the mobile and the BS. Solutions both efficient and simple have been proposed in order to reduce the impact of these problems on mobile localization
Alam, Muhammad Mahtab. "Power-Aware adaptive techniques for wireless sensor networks." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1S049/document.
Full textWireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are a fast emerging technology with potential applications in various domains of daily-life, such as structural and environmental monitoring, medicine, military surveillance, robotic explorations etc. WSN devices are required to operate for a long time with limited battery capacity, therefore, the most important constraint in WSN is energy consumption. In this thesis, we propose algorithmic-level dynamic and adaptive optimization techniques for energy reduction in WSN. First, an accurate energy model is presented. This model relies on real-time power measurements of various scenarios that can occur during communication between sensor nodes. It is concluded that MAC layer plays a pivotal role for energy reduction. Then, a traffic-aware dynamic MAC protocol is presented which dynamically adapts the wake-up schedule of sensor nodes through traffic estimation. An adaptive algorithm is designed for this purpose that is heuristically modeled to understand the convergence behavior of algorithmic parameters. The proposed protocol is applied to body area networks and it outperforms other low-power MAC protocols in terms of latency as well as energy consumption and consequently increases the lifetime from three to six times. Finally, an SNR-based adaptive transmit power optimization technique is applied under time-varying channels. The output power is dynamically tuned to best power level under slow varying channel, which results in an average gain by two times
Arabi, Faical. "Étude de vieillissement et caractérisation d’assemblage de module de puissance 40 kW pour l’aéronautique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0603/document.
Full textThis work is part of “GENOME” project which focuses on high-temperature packaging solutions for electronic power modules. Its mission is to study the reliability of power modules, in particular, the die attach layer. Due to the physical properties of silver and gold-tin, they were selected as die bonds to assess the evolution of their reliability during ageing. In order to achieve this, an appropriate methodology of the power modules reliability has been defined in order to guarantee the results exploitability. Destructive and non-destructive analyzes were carried out on samples aged by different profiles of thermal cycling. These analyzes allowed us to compare the influence of each cycling profile on the reliability of samples. A study of the thermomechanical behavior of power assemblies was carried out using finite element modeling (FEM). A methodology for evaluating the reliability of assemblies during accelerated ageing is developed. A second axis allows us a better understanding of the failure modes and their effects. It also highlights the limitations of severe accelerated ageing. Consequently, the choice of temperature profile is questioned and a limitation of the temperature profile severity must be considered, in order to avoid producing degradations that are not actually found in mission profile
Mandrillon, Vincent. "Réduction de la puissance de commande de microactionneurs au voisinage d'une instabilité magnétique ou élastique : application au bilame magnétostrictif." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10212.
Full textDebreux, Philippe. "Correction numérique des non-linéarités dans les émetteurs de radiodiffusion numérique terrestre." Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10307.
Full textLabrousse, Denis. "Amélioration des techniques d'estimation des perturbations conduites : application à une chaîne de traction de véhicule électrique." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00595296.
Full textFerreira, Esteves Paulo Alexandre. "Techniques d'acquisition à haute sensibilité des signaux GNSS." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ESAE0016/document.
Full textSatellite navigation (GNSS) is a constant in our days. The number of applications that depend on it is already remarkable and is constantly increasing. With new applications, new challenges have also risen: much of the new demand for signals comes from urban areas where GNSS signal processing is highly complex. In this thesis the issue of weak GNSS signal processing is addressed, in particular at the first phase of the receiver processing, known as signal acquisition. The first axe of research pursued deals with the analysis and compensation of the Doppler effect in acquisition. The Doppler shift that is experienced by a user is one of the main design drivers for the acquisitionmodule and solutions are proposed to improve the sensitivity-complexity trade-off typical of the acquisition process. The second axe of research deals with the characterization of differential GNSS detectors. After a first step of coherent integration, transition to post coherent (noncoherent or differential) integration is required for acquiring weak signals. The quantification of the sensitivity of differential detectors was not found in literature and is the objective of this part of the research. Finally, the third axe of research is devoted to multi-constellation Collective Detection (CD). CD is an innovative approach for the simultaneous processing of all signals in view. Severalissues related to CD are addressed, including the improvement of the CD search process and the hybridization with standard acquisition. Finally, the application of this methodology in the context of a multi-constellation receiver is also addressed, by processing simultaneously real GPS and Galileo signals
Deniéport, Romain. "Amélioration du rendement énergétique et de la dynamique d'entrée de convertisseurs d’énergie isolés par l’utilisation de techniques analogiques et numériques de commande." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112381.
Full textPower converters are present in virtually every embedded system, but many standards of DC networks exist: the supply voltage is depending on how the power is generated (battery, alternator …) and can range from 12V to more than 115V. When an equipment must comply with a 110V main supply and 12V back-up supply, the use of a wide input voltage range DC/DC converter is mandatory. Since classical switched mode power converters cannot achieve simultaneously high efficiency and wide input voltage range, manufacturers rarely propose DC/DC converters with an input voltage range greater than 10. This work tackles the issue of wide input voltage power conversion. After discussing about designs trade off and problems that stem from a wide input range, we try to improve the overall efficiency of a classical buck-boost converter, by using non dissipative switching-aid circuits. We also proposed a novel two stages power converter capable of dealing with very wide input voltage ranges (more than 20), without a reduction of the power efficiency. Since those new converters are far more difficult to control, some theoretical analysis was performed and some practical tests were done using complex controls laws
Liu, Siyang. "Efficient machine learning techniques for indoor localization in wireless communication systems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPAST188.
Full textWith rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT), the need of indoor location-based services such as asset management, navigation and tracking has also grown overtime. For indoor localization, navigation satellite systems such as GPS has limited usage since a direct line-of-sight to satellites is unavailable.Various solutions have been proposed for indoor localization such as trilateration, triangulation, dead reckoning, but their performance is limited by indoor channel conditions, such as shadowing and multipath fading. By exploiting the mapping between wireless signal feature measurements and positions, fingerprinting based methods have shown the potential to provide good localization performance with sufficient data. However, indoor localization still faces challenges like scalability, cost and complexity, privacy, etc.The focus of this thesis is to improve efficiency of indoor localization using machine learning techniques. We divide the localization process into two phases: offline radio mapping phase and online localization phase. During the offline phase, we introduce dataset analysis as an intermediate step between dataset creation and localization. We propose two numerical dataset quality indicators which can provide feedback to improve the radio map. Moreover, feature extraction and dataset processing using machine learning tools are integrated to improve efficiency by reducing the data size and computation complexity while improving localization performance. We propose a k-means based radio mapping method which can reduce the number of fingerprints by over % without losing useful information in the radio map or degrading localization performance. By exploring the hierarchical nature of large datasets, we propose a hierarchical feature extraction method which can further reduce localization complexity without compromising localization performance.For the online localization phase, we explore both traditional machine learning and deep learning. We first introduce several traditional machine learning methods and compare the localization performance on public datasets. We aim to improve localization performance of traditional methods.To cope with privacy and complexity issue, we introduce federated learning framework for indoor localization problem. In this framework, the clients share only their local models to the central server instead of the fingerprinting data. We first compare the performance with federated and centralized learning. Then, we further study the impact on different client numbers and local data size. To reduce communication cost during the training process, we evaluate different measures including client selection, gradient accumulation and model compression. An efficient compression method is proposed to compress local models which can reduce the uplink communication cost by 91.5% without compromising localization performance. At last, we consider a limit on uplink capacity and evaluate different compression strategies
Hamoud, Houssam Eddine. "Linéarisation par pré-distorsion numérique d'amplificateurs de puissance pour les nouvelles générations des systèmes de télécommunications." Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0110.
Full textModern communications systems converge towards multi-standard operation combined with high PAPR modulation formats where the power amplifier must first be optimized in efficiency and where linearity will then be corrected by adding a predistorter. If this solution seems functional, it seems inadequate and ineffective on 5G systems where the targeted bandwidths pose both architectural problems (complexity of the observation path) and problems of accuracy of the usual behavioural models based on a simplification of the Volterra series in its discrete form (GMP, DDR) in the face of exacerbated memory effects but also of energy efficiency of the linearized system (DPD+PA). In this context, it becomes necessary to move towards a predistorter model less dependent on the characteristics of the signal to be linearized, in particular by the TPM (Two path Memory) model developed at XLIM, based on a simplification of the Volterra series in its continuous form, is independent of the characteristics of the signal to be linearized.Our work focused on evaluating the linearity performance of the classical models (GMP, DDR) and the TPM model on different power amplifiers either from simulations or from physical measurements of the PA. To do this, we have set up a simulation environmentand an evaluation bench for predistortion models with physical PA in order to quantify ACPR performance according to the variation in signal characteristics (power, frequency, statistics). All these experiments made it possible to verify, on the one hand,the poor robustness of traditional approaches (GMP/DDR) and, on the other hand, the stability of the performance of the TPM approach, whatever the scenario envisaged. This study therefore paves the way for a new generation of pre-distributor which, if extracted once and for all, would only require an update on slow dynamic phenomena (ageing) and would make it possible to consider a simplified architecture of the DPD observation path; thus improving the overall energy efficiency of the linearizedsystem
Al, Ameri Ahmed. "Méthodes analytiques d'étude pour la diminution des pertes de puissance dans les réseaux électriques maillés en utilisant des techniques d'optimisation pour le dimensionnement et l'emplacement des générateurs décentralisés." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMLH06/document.
Full textThe research presented in this thesis aims at providing a strategic vision for the integration of distributed generators (DGs) into grid networks. This work focuses the optimal location of the connection point, dimensioning and type of production in order to maximize the benefits of DGs and minimize power losses in the networks. The work also concerns the impact of the variability of the load and the production in the planning and the operational management of the networks. First, algorithms have been developed for power flow studies in power systems using the Schur complement method and the "Run Length Encoding" method. Then, losses were estimated in the calculation of power output by developing a simple, efficient and flexible linear model. Subsequently, decentralized outputs connected to the electrical networks were modeled using a method that merges Kalman filters and graph theory in order to estimate the optimal size of decentralized production. A method which consists of two steps is proposed. In the first step, the graphical method is used to generate the incident matrix to construct the linear model and in the second step a Kalman algorithm is applied to obtain the optimal decentralized production size for each busbar. The challenges of using decentralized production have been addressed to minimize the objective function (real power losses) by taking into account the capacity of the decentralized productions, transmission line capacity and voltage profile constraints. The genetic algorithms and optimization techniques such as the method of interior points have been proposed to determine locally and globally the optimal dimensioning and the optimal location of the decentralized productions in the electrical networks. Finally, an active load model was designed to study different types of load curves (residential, commercial and industrial). We have also developed simulation algorithms to study the integration of wind farms in power grids. We have designed analytical methods to select the size and location of a wind farm, based on the reduction of active power losses. We have shown that variations in the mean annual wind speed could have a significant effect on the calculations of active power losses. Analytical methods and simulation algorithms were developed under Matlab / Simulink
Debruyne, Hervé. "Caractérisation et localisation de sources de décharges partielles dans un enroulement." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10053.
Full textTristant, Fabrice. "Etude des problèmes CEM liés à l'évolution vers les hautes fréquences des parasites électromagnétiques : application au couplage des micro-ondes de forte puissance et ultra large bande sur les structures externes des navires." Limoges, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIMO0016.
Full textSnyder, Aaron Francis. "Les mesures synchronisées par GPS pour l'amortissement des oscillations de puissance dans les grands réseaux électriques interconnectés." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG0135.
Full textAt the present time, power Systems are being operated closer and closer to their stability limit. This. Condition is due to current économic, political and ecological constraints, under which power System operators are Iimited to serving the actual power demand by pushing the operating point closer to the generation and tie-line stability limits. However, due to the weakness of these tie-lines, oscillations are often, created between the different generating stations in the power system. These so called inter-area oscillations are visible on the rotors of the generators, as well as in the fie-line power, and may create severe stability problems To damp the inter-area oscillations and avoid the stability problems, a Remote Feedback Controller (RFC) is used. The RFC uses input signals from the generator where it Ls installed and alsoltom a remote generator. Thèse inpuî signais, both local and remote, are sytichronized via the Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites. The RFC is tuned via the use of residues, as well as recent convex programming techniques that include the application of linear matrix inequality (LMÏ) constraints. The work presented in this dissertation deals with the problem of damping the inter-area oscillations present in two test Systems (4- and 29-machines) via the optimal siting of a RFCs containing local and remote input signal synchronized by GPS satellites. The iRFCs are then tuned through the use of a method based on residues and LME constrained convex programming algorithm. These techniques yield RFCs that are robust for a wide range of operating conditions (up to the limit of the power System) and that have a higher degree of performance (damping) than typically installed controllers. Tbe RFCs are also capable of functioning when faced with the problems of input signal delay or input signal loss
Bulusu, Sri Satish Krishna Chaitanya. "Performance Analysis and PAPR Reduction Techniques for Filter-Bank based Multi-Carrier Systems with Non-Linear Power Amplifiers." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CNAM1042/document.
Full textThis thesis is part of the European FP7 EMPHATIC project (Enhanced Multicarrier Techniques for Professional Ad-Hoc and Cell-Based Communications) including various European universities and two main industrial partners: THALES Communications Security and CASSIDIAN. The EMPHATIC objective is to develop, evaluate and demonstrate the capability of enhanced multi-carrier techniques to make better use of the existing radio frequency bands in providing broadband data services in coexistence with narrowband legacy services. The project addresses the Professional Mobile Radio (PMR) application. The main idea is to analyze the viability of broadband systems based on filter-bank multi-carrier (FBMC) clubbed with o ffset quadrature amplitude modulation (OQAM) in the context of the future 5th Generation (5G) radio access technology (RAT). Increasingly, the FBMC-OQAM systems are gaining appeal in the probe for advanced multi-carrier modulation (MCM) waveforms for future communication systems. This advanced modulation scheme o ers numerous advantages such as excellent frequency localization in its power spectral density (PSD), a robustness to phase noise, frequency off sets and also to the multi-user asynchronism; making it more appealing than OFDM for PMR, cognitive radio (CR) and 5G RAT. However, like any other MCM technique, FBMC-OQAM suff ers from high PAPR. When the power amplifi er (PA) non-linearity, which is realistic radio-frequency impairment, is taken into account; the good frequency localization property is severely compromised, due to the spectral regrowth. The first objective of this PhD thesis is, to predict the extent of the spectral regrowth in FBMC-OQAM systems, due to the PA non-linearity. The second objective is to probe techniques for FBMC-OQAM systems, such as PAPR reduction and PA linearization, in order to mitigate the NL eff ects of PA. By cumulant analysis, spectral regrowth prediction has been done for FBMC-OQAM systems. Also, some algorithms for PAPR reduction, which are based on probabilistic approach and adding signal methods, have been proposed. The coexistence capability of the FBMC-OQAM based broadband system with the narrowband PMR systems in the presence of PA has been analyzed and it has been found that coexistence is possible, provided there is a symbiotic combination of PA Input Back-off (IBO), PAPR reduction and PA linearization. Finally, a novel PA linearization technique has been proposed for FBMC-OQAM
Caron, Yves. "Contribution de la loi de Zipf à l'analyse d'images." Tours, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUR4012.
Full textOur work concerns the application to image analysis of a statistical model adapted from linguistic analysis known as Zipf law. First we present the main power law models, their different interpretations and their main applications. Then we present their application to images, their properties and the characteristics of images they can put into evidence. We also present an application of Zipf law for quality evaluation of compressed images. Another application is the use of Zipf law and inverse Zipf law for object and region of interest detection in images. The different results obtained show the interest of this model. By all these applications we show that our approach can contribute to the resolution of image analysis problems which are still open