Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Techniques chromatographiques'
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ROYER, ALAIN. "Authentification de l'origine des huiles d'olive par techniques chromatographiques et isotopiques." Nantes, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NANT2085.
Full textDodi, Alain. "Influence des complexants organiques sur le relâchement des métaux. Intérêt des techniques chromatographiques et électrophorétiques pour leur recherche." Aix-Marseille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX30075.
Full textOrganic complexants constitute a particular family of organic molecules, characterised by the property to form more or less stable complexes with metal cations. The first part of the thesis shows how these complexants support the mobilisation of the metal species, for example those which are present in a disposal of radioactive waste, or how they allow the remediation of polluted soils. In the second part of the document, we will show how certain complexants can be formed by radiolysis of organic materials present in nuclear waste packages. Thus, we show for example that 22 % in mass of cellulose constituting the cotton blouses is radiolysed in the form of leachable organic carbon, after an irradiation under 4,2 MGy. The third part describes the methodologies developed in order to allow the measurement of these organic complexants at low level. The implemented techniques are : - ionic chromatography which is applied to the measurement of mono and poly carboxylates and also to the breakdown products of tributylphosphate (TBP) : mono and dibutyl phosphate (MBP, DBP). Ion chromatography is also applied to the measurement of the amines resulting from the radiolytic degradation of ion exchange resins. - ion exclusion chromatography was primarily applied to carboxylate ions. - ion suppression chromatography and ion pairing chromatography were implemented in order to measure aminopolycarboxylic chelating molecules such as EDTA, NTA, DTPA and CDTA. - reverse phase liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry through electrospray (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI) interfaces, was applied to the measurement of TBP, EDTA and to the degradation products of TBP (DBP and MBP). - capillary electrophoresis was applied to the measurement of carboxylic complexants and amines. The last part of the thesis relates to the development of a test which allows an assessment of the global complexing capacity of an aqueous solution. This test consists in the addition of a metallic cation weakly hydrolysable (Co2+) which will be complexed with the possible chelating molecules present in the solution. The metal complexes thus formed are anionic or neutral species in solution, and are thus retained over an anion exchanging resin, whereas uncomplexed Co (II) is eluated from the resin. The measurement of this eluated Co (II) then makes it possible to know the quantity of complexed Co (II) and consequently to determine the global complexing power (or capacity) of the solution. This complexing power being expressed for example in mmole (or mg) of Co complexed per litre of aqueous solution
BRENNER, CATHERINE. "Mise au point de techniques chromatographiques de purification de la spiraline et contribution a l'etude topo-fonctionnelle de la proteine." Rennes 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN10149.
Full textMiège, Cécile. "Nouvelles techniques d'extraction et de purification appliquees aux boues issues du traitement des eaux usees pour la determination de polluants organiques par les methodes chromatographiques." Paris 6, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA066330.
Full textDat, Manon. "Evaluation et modélisation du taux de libération à partir de diffuseurs pour le biocontrôle et développement d'une méthode de mesure de phéromones dans l'air ambiant." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PAUU3008.
Full textTo meet the national objective of reducing the use of pesticides in agriculture, biocontrol strategies such as mating disruption are favored. The key to the successful application of this strategy is a controlled release of pheromone to maintain a sufficient and constant concentration in the air during the pest's period of activity (several days to several months). Various treatments and technologies have been developed, notably by M2i Group, where the pheromone is encapsulated in a solid matrix called "Press". However, there are still a few drawbacks to current dispensers, such as the difficulty of maintaining a sufficient release rate over an extended period, and the difficulty of assessing the concentrations around the dispenser. As a result, the mode of action of the compound(s) on target insects and the dose/concentration relationship are often poorly understood. To address these issues, the release kinetics of the dispenser were studied both in the field, by extracting and quantifying the pheromone remaining in the dispenser, and in the laboratory, using emission chamber tests under controlled conditions. The results led to the development of a predictive model based on a model pheromone (close to the structure of the pheromone of the butterfly Lobesia botrana) which describes the release of the pheromone from the matrix as a function of abiotic factors (temperature, air velocity) and diffuser geometry. In addition, the development of an active sampler on Tenax TA cartridges, followed by GC-MS thermodesorption analysis, enabled us to determine concentrations ranging from 16 ng/m3 to 0.1 µg/m3 in the air after diffuser installation in a greenhouse. Thus, the rate of pheromone release per diffuser (1.6 mg/day) is above the quantity emitted by a female of the pest Lobesia botrana, which is 7.2 ± 0.1 ng/day, thus enabling mating disruption. Thanks to this work, a correlation was demonstrated between emission rates and air concentrations. Concentration levels in a treated area can therefore be determined simply by recording environmental parameters (temperature and air speed) and estimating the emission rate by using the model. All this work make possible optimization to M2i group strategy, not only in terms of the distribution and number of diffusers per hectare, but also in terms of optimizing the diffusion systems to induce the desired lure
JACQUIER, JEAN-CHRISTOPHE. "Electrophorese capillaire : technique chromatographique pour la determination de parametres physico-chimiques ?" Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066597.
Full textSauvage, Eric. "Utilisation d'un fluide à l'état supercritique en technique d'extraction couplée à une technique d'analyse chromatographique." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10245.
Full textMOUDDI, LAHCEN. "Comparaison de deux techniques de dosage de la ciclosporine a dans le sang : methode radioimmunologique et methode chromatographique." Strasbourg 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994STR15075.
Full textMorey, Céline. "Optimisation des procédés chromatographiques multicolonnes continus : développement d'un système de contrôle avancé." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL003N.
Full textMulticolumn continuous chromatographic processes became a key separation technology in the areas of pharmaceutical industry thanks to high productivity and short process development times. Today, modeling, design, and optimization of SMB and Varicol, are well established. However a robust and optimized operation of processes is still an open issue. The common practice is to operate processes under suboptimal operating conditions in order to gain the necessary robustness. The operating parameters are tuned manually by experienced operators in order to maintain the product specifications. Therefore, as chromatographic applications spread, process control problem becomes increasingly important. Recently, several control methodologies of SMB process have been proposed. This thesis work introduces a new advanced control system approach. This system adjusts operating parameters thanks to two kinds of measurements : an in-line measurement and an at-line measurement. The performance of this control scheme is demonstrated through several experiments on Varicol. The reported results aim to demonstrate that the controller is able to deliver the products within the specifications, to optimize the process performance and to answer to disturbances while protecting the key product
Laforet, Valérie. "Etude chromatographique de phénomènes de coalescence. Techniques d'espace de tête : contribution aux aspects théorique et pratique des méthodes de quantification." Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES051.
Full textBOYEAU, ERIC. "Adaptation d'une technique chromatographique pour le dosage de la creatinine dans le serum et les liquides de dialyse peritoneale." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STR15012.
Full textBruneau, Cyrille. "Validation d'une technique de chromatographie liquide bi-dimensionnelle pour une étude sur les protéines microsomiales hépatiques et développement de colonnes chromatographiques en silicium mésoporeux." Besançon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BESA2087.
Full textThis work was carried out within the Département de Physique et de Métrologie des Oscillateurs (L. P. M. O. ) of the institut FEMTO-ST, CNRS UMR 6174, in collaboration with the U. F. R. Des Sciences Médicales et Pharmaceutiques of the Université de Franche-Comté. This PhD has been supervised by Prof essor Lysiane RICHERT and Dr Wilfrid BOIREAU (CNRS Research Scientist). The first part of this thesis was devoted to the design and fabrication of mesoporous silicon chromatographic columns using different clean room techniques (RIE, Cathode sputtering, photolithography. . . ). 1 carried out the various fabrication stages starting from a silicon substrate doped with phosphorus. The colurons characterization was performed using SEM imaging and optical microscopy. A chromatographic separation of two molecules was managed by using silica as stationnary phase. The second part of this work dealt with a Cellular study on Biology and proteomic. The effects of Nafenopine (a peroxisomes proliferator) on the microsomiales proteins of the hepatics cells ofrodents were studied in collaboration with the U. F. R. Des Sciences Médicales et Pharmaceutiques. After the lysis of the hepatic cells of the subjects and the recovery of their microsomiales proteins, the sample was injected into a two-dimensional liquid chromatography device conceived for proteomic, the ProteomeLab PF2D. This apparatus separates proteins according to two types of liquid chromatography: their isoelectric point, by chromatofocusing, as weIl as their hydrophobicity, by RP-HPLC. After differential study of the proteins map, a bio-marker was discovered and identified by Westem Blotting. This is the Cytochrome P450 4Al
Zhou, Li. "Development of oxidation models and analytical techniques specific to phospholipids and their degradation products in functional foods." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00804705.
Full textGaillard, Isabelle. "Mise en œuvre de la chromatographie liquide haute performance dans le cadre du suivi hors ligne et en ligne des protéines de cultures d'hybridomes : caracterisation de la méthode chromatographique et comparaison avec le test ELISA." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL022N.
Full textLadjimi, Hamed. "Mise au point d'une technique de dosage chromatographique des principaux dérivés foliques : application à l'étude des folates tissulaires chez le rat en régime normal et supplémente en acide folique, effets des cobalamines et de la phénytoi͏̈ne." Paris 11, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA114818.
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