Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Technique Bronzees'
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Veber, Cécile. "Les dépôts de bronze du bronze final IIIb en Lorraine, Sarre et Luxembourg : approche technique." Dijon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DIJOL021.
Full textLehoërff, Anne. "Le bronze des dépositions volontaires en Italie centrale (1200-725 environ avant notre ère) : recherches pour une histoire des techniques." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010677.
Full textLorance, Cheryl A. "The exploration of metal patination on cast bronze sculpture." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1164838.
Full textDepartment of Art
Saint-Sever, Guillaume. "De la production à l’utilisation des poteries à l’âge du bronze final : dynamiques inter-régionales et évolutions locales en Quercy et Basse Auvergne." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20065/document.
Full textThis doctoral research is a comparative study of the late bronze age ceramics from two areas located in West and North of the Massif Central: the Quercy and the Basse Auvergne. The materials analyzed are all dated of the middle phase of the late bronze age and come from various contexts (high ground settlements, lowland pits, and burial caves). At first, we develop a typo-chronological classification method based on quantitative and statistical processing of morphological and decorative attributes of the ceramics that allows distinguishing two regional stylistic variants. Their chronological boundaries indicate that some shape and decorative changes occurred with a slight time lag. Secondly, we question the utilization of these different types. We identified several classes based on use wear and technological features. These vessel classes all together with their metallic equivalent when available were analyzed in regards to site function. In burial cave contexts, food and liquid consumption vessels prevailed; numerous connections with metallic items indicate a distinction with habitation contexts and attest of ceremonial banquet. Ceramic assemblages from high ground contexts can be distinguished from the lowland ones by a larger proportion of collective table vessel. We finally conduct an analysis of ceramic manufacturing following a "chaîne opératoire" approach. We identified same chronological changes in the two research areas based on paste preparation, shaping and finishing techniques, and heating procedures. On the contrary, several technical choices indicate a regional patterning and the existence of local specificities. Nevertheless, a fine vessel equivalent to the metallic one, involved greater skills and possibly denotes the emergence of craft specialization. Based on these results, we stress the need for a multi-scale approach in the interpretation of the extension and spread of typological and technological traits because their accuracy and integration level can vary
Kanhoush, Yasmin. "L’habitat urbain de Syrie au Bronze moyen : analyses technique, fonctionnelle et sociologique." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2122.
Full textWhilst houses are certainly a work of architecture, they are also Man’s lived environment that reflect their technical expertise, home comforts, customs, way of life and their relationship with death. However, this type of vestige is often overlooked in favour of large, prestigious buildings of greater interest. Furthermore, Syria's Middle Bronze Age habitat has not yet been the subject of any detailed study, despite the strategic importance of this region and the period from an urban development perspective. In fact, the end of the third millennium (or Early Bronze) saw the abandonment of many sites, or at least a very significant reduction in their size and complexity, whereas the Middle Bronze II (between 1800 and 1500 B.C.), the period which concerns us, appears to have been a flourishing time.Our thesis is divided into two distinct parts. The first focuses on a thorough and critical analysis of the available materials from 36 sites located in four separate regions, these being Northwest Syria, the Middle Orontes Valley, the Middle Euphrates Valley and Northeast Syria. This research has been enriched by unpublished data from previous German excavations on the site of Tell Halawa A on the Middle Euphrates valley, and archaeological work that we conducted on the site of Tell Mishrifeh / the ancient Qatna in Western Syria.All the available archaeological data has been used (architectural surveys, excavation photographs, field notes, articles already published, etc.), as well as certain pieces of textual data (notably those found in Area T at Qatna). These were interesting points of comparison that helped us to reconstruct more fully the history and the volumetry of the ancient houses.The second part of our work is based on the comparison and cross-referencing of the various results obtained, which enabled us to uncover the main technical, typological and functional characteristics of the houses of that period. We have highlighted regional differences and a possible evolution of the types of buildings and their uses. We have also sought, as far as is possible, to consider housing in its urban environment and to restore the social dimension of domestic architecture through the hierarchy and neighbourhood relations that it is likely to reveal
Makaroun-Bou, Assaf Yasmine. "Techniques constructives et organisation architecturale à Byblos au Bronze ancien (Liban)." Paris, EPHE, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EPHE4047.
Full textDevogelaere, Jonathan. "Les couleurs du mobilier d'apparat en bronze dans le monde gréco-romain, du IIe siècle avant notre ère au IIe siècle de notre ère : de la caractérisation technique aux valeurs symboliques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0602.
Full textMy thesis aims to study the colours of bronze ceremonial furniture produced by the Greco-Roman world between the 2nd century BCE and the 2nd century CE in the Mediterranean. The main objective is to characterize of colours, their technical properties, and symbolic values associated with specific production and reception contexts.Consequently, by using archaeological contexts, techno-typological and iconographic studies, the objective of this research is to characterize the specificity and originality of the use and visual impact of bronze in the elaboration of the discourse of the Greco-Roman elite, owner of this ostentatious furniture; this discourse is also aimed at this elite as other classes of Roman society.My thesis explores as much the history of techniques as that of arts and mentalities. It combines archaeological, archaeometric, and sociological methodologies for an interdisciplinary approach. 538 pieces of bronze furniture with polychrome decorations are identified and divided into different categories. Furthermore, these multiple data are also collected and linked through the creation and use of a relational database named “Iris”.The convergence of these methods has a single purpose: to appreciate the significance of colours and to investigate other surface treatments on Greek inspired luxury furnishings. The gradual acculturation of “the Greek world” as a result of Roman expansion is evident in a study of this furniture, its colours, and other treatments using the same historical perspective as defined by Paul Veyne as: an Empire where “la culture y était hellénique et le pouvoir était romain”
Azéma, Aurélia. "Les techniques de soudage de la grande statuaire antique en bronze : étude des paramètres thermiques et chimiques contrôlant le soudage par fusion au bronze liquide." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00918829.
Full textBenitez, Alberto. "Dynamique en fretting : influence du type d'asservissement et apport de la technique d'émission acoustique." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016INPT0059/document.
Full textMost fretting studies analyze material’s responses using criteria directly issued from characteristic parameters of the fretting loops (loop aperture, dissipated energy, contact stiffness...). The first part of this study concerns the influence of the device, first element of the tribological triplet, on the gross slip response of a ball-on-flat contact. The role of the static and dynamic device stiffness (vibratory analysis), of the control system mode (imposed displacement or imposed actuator force) and of the material type (ductile, brittle or non-adherent) on the loop shape is analyzed in order to distinguish the respective contributions of devices and materials. The second part of this study concern the analysis of the influence of operating parameters (normal force, displacement, frequency, current intensity) for CuSn6-CuSn6 pairs for low current onboard connectors applications. An analysis of variance allowed to prioritize and identify existing linkages between the operating parameters and the tribology and electrical responses. An examination of acoustic emission signals (amplitude AE, emissivity, absolute energy, centroid frequency…) and the electrical resistance of contact allowed a temporal understanding of local mechanisms of degradation synthesized by an approach third body
Saint-Sever, Guillaume. "De la production à l’utilisation des poteries à l’âge du bronze final : dynamiques inter-régionales et évolutions locales en Quercy et Basse Auvergne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20065.
Full textThis doctoral research is a comparative study of the late bronze age ceramics from two areas located in West and North of the Massif Central: the Quercy and the Basse Auvergne. The materials analyzed are all dated of the middle phase of the late bronze age and come from various contexts (high ground settlements, lowland pits, and burial caves). At first, we develop a typo-chronological classification method based on quantitative and statistical processing of morphological and decorative attributes of the ceramics that allows distinguishing two regional stylistic variants. Their chronological boundaries indicate that some shape and decorative changes occurred with a slight time lag. Secondly, we question the utilization of these different types. We identified several classes based on use wear and technological features. These vessel classes all together with their metallic equivalent when available were analyzed in regards to site function. In burial cave contexts, food and liquid consumption vessels prevailed; numerous connections with metallic items indicate a distinction with habitation contexts and attest of ceremonial banquet. Ceramic assemblages from high ground contexts can be distinguished from the lowland ones by a larger proportion of collective table vessel. We finally conduct an analysis of ceramic manufacturing following a "chaîne opératoire" approach. We identified same chronological changes in the two research areas based on paste preparation, shaping and finishing techniques, and heating procedures. On the contrary, several technical choices indicate a regional patterning and the existence of local specificities. Nevertheless, a fine vessel equivalent to the metallic one, involved greater skills and possibly denotes the emergence of craft specialization. Based on these results, we stress the need for a multi-scale approach in the interpretation of the extension and spread of typological and technological traits because their accuracy and integration level can vary
Lomax, Lawrence Talbot. "The development of a self-disintegrating core-body for use in an art bronze-casting foundry which employs the ceramic-shell investment technique." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/219.
Full textLagarde, Céline. "Production métallique en Aquitaine à l'âge du Bronze moyen : Techniques, usages et circulation." Bordeaux 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR30086.
Full textThe focus of this study is the metallic material culture and its craft industry as a socio-cultural production of communities occupying the Aquitaine region in the Middle Bronze Age (17th-14th century BC). The metallic artefacts were analysed according to several research methods : typological, technological and contextual. The reconstruction of the environmental context highlights transformations (on the scale of human life), wich took place in the estuary area, playing a role in the development of the technical and economic systems of societies. Functional and morpho-typological examination of copper-based alloy artefacts enabled several classifications to be established. Morphometric and weight comparisons can be made by looking at common criteria of differentiation. Determination and interpretation of traces made on the metal or upstream (model, mould), allow the reconstruction of technical processes and some insight into the "chaînes opératoires. " Even within the same categoryof objects, the "chaînes opératoires" differ according to the moulding technology, the material, and the series of gestures, etc. The results of the metallographic examinations provide information of some of the technical processes used on axes and bracelets. For example, the plastic deformation sequence in cold/annealing is frequently used. The correlation of technical practices and fonctional and typological classifications highlights the various parallels existing in metallic prodcution and renews the interpretation of the practices of deliberate burial
Graham, Lisa Marie. "Necropolis of Kissonerga-Ammoudhia : techniques of ceramic production in Early-Middle Bronze Age Western Cyprus." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33300.
Full textCastelle, Manon. "Les techniques de fabrication de la grande statuaire en bronze 1540-1660 en France." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV097/document.
Full textAt the end of Antiquity, the manufacture of largebronzes is progressively abandoned. It reappears during the16th century in France, under the reign of Francis I, after morethan a millennium of quasi absence. At the heart of thisphenomenon, casting techniques play a major role and raisesseveral questions. First, the technical identity of large bronzescasted during this period must be investigated. Indeed, castinga statue involves numerous steps, from the model to the finalform in bronze: are those technical steps identifiable throughthe bronze statues characteristics? Are those featurescharacteristic of the craftsmanship of 16th century? Second,can we identify particular ways of bronze crafting associatedwith different schools, composed by sculptors and, or, foundrymen? The origins of technical skills are also to be questioned,especially the provenance of forgotten techniques: Europeanneighborhood or influence of metallurgical techniquesassociated to other kind of objects?In order to answer those questions, technical studies have beencarried out. A representative body of statues has beeninvestigated: the bronze copies of antique marble statues byPrimaticcio at the Fontainebleau palace, the Virtues and theroyal praying statues from the funerary monument of Henry IIand Catherine de’ Medici and the three Personifications thatdecorate the hearth monument of Constable Anne deMontmorency. Several isolated statues have also been studiedin order to complete the body of statues: Diana the huntress byBarthélémy Prieur, Borghese Gladiator and Apollo Belvedereattributed to Hubert le Sueur.This work aims at revealing the processes, materials andknowhow involved for each steps of bronze statuesmanufacture, in order to complete the data extracted fromarchive documents associated to those prestigious royalcommissions. The employed methodology is based on theexperience on this field of research acquired since threedecades by researchers all over the world. New developmentshave also been made to improve technological studies, such asan innovative approach for the characterization of castingcores. . Data obtained from the investigated body of statuesreveal that during the first decades of the 16th century, aspecific casting technique has been used: a spare process. Thisprocess has been strongly influenced by techniques steamingfrom the late Middle-age and the early modern period. Indeed,it exhibits technical similarities with bell and canon casting.However, the uniqueness of this process is challenged by theemergence, during the 17th century, of a second technique,namely the slush process. Emancipation of foundry-men fromthe main stream technique, and will of innovation mightexplain this change of process. Simultaneously to thosetechnical evolutions, sculptors and foundry-men developspecific skills and knowhow that influence the characteristicsof their bronze statues. Moreover, case to case adaptation alsoappears to influence the bronze statues characteristicsaccording to the kind of commission charged by the craftsmen
Badel, Émilie. "Les bitumes archéologiques : exploitation et façonnage en Mésopotamie, au Khuzestân et en Arabie orientale du Néolithique à l'âge du Bronze ancien (du milieu du VIè au IIIè millénaires av. J.-C.)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H032.
Full textMan-shaped hydrocarbonated materials have been widely discovered in ancient Near East archaeological sites. These materials include viscous bitumen seeping along rivers and cliffs, bituminous limestones, bituminous sands and asphaltites. Adhesiveness, impermeability, conservation, weight, dark color, ductility or sculptability are among the variety of physico-chemical characteristics which allow for a large scope of use. Research on bitumen exploitation methods and corresponding technical framework covers a timeframe from mid 6th to 3rd millennia B.C. over Mesopotamia, Khuzistan and Eastern Arabia. This study, focusing on man and bitumen materials, was never performed before and provides new valuable insights in relation to Near East societies cultural dynamics. We gathered and brought together a comprehensive and organized database composed of 4021 bitumen items from 101 different archaeological sites. The bitumen pieces, artifacts and fragments are presented following their scope of use thus allowing the identification of technical fields. The technological study was based on a pluridisciplinary approach including archeometry, ethnography, epigraphy and experimentation; it brings to light viscous or solid bitumen exploitation operational chains. Cuneiform texts from end of 3rd millennium testify bitumen professions and occupations, bitumen prices and a hierarchy of sites within their exploitation. The techniques spreading models identified in our research highlight the existence of invention spots in almost all ancient Near East
Mouamar, Georges. "La production céramique du Bronze ancien IV en Syrie occidentale : etude typologique et archéométrique." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2119.
Full textThis research focuses on the ceramic production of the Early Bronze Age IV (2500-2000 B. C.). The main goals of the thesis is to characterize the ceramic material in the region located east of the middle Orontes valley, mainly the Syrian steppe (Bādiyat Al-Shām), and to establish solid chronological landmarks for the diverse levels and phases of the second half of the third millennium. To reach its goals, this study includes data provided by three stratigraphical soundings which I made in the frame of Syrian excavations at Mishrifeh-Qatna, Tell Shʻaīrat et Tell Al-Ṣūr, as well as the data of a series of surveys in several regions of Central Syria. Morphological and stylistical approaches have been successfully combined with the results stemming from technological, mineralogical and chemical analyses carried out on the material from more than 35 sites in Central Syria, aiming to study pottery production and distribution modalities during the second half of the third millennium BC in Central Syria, to try to identify the location of production centres and to reconstruct the networks of exchanges. Combining the excavations results with the ceramic studies we attempted to set this previously unexplored region in its chronological and historical context
Oberweiler, Cécile. "La métallurgie du cuivre et du bronze dans le monde égéen du Bronze Ancien au début du Bronze Récent (IIIe millénaire - début du IIe millénaire av. J. -C. ) : les techniques de fonderie." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010693.
Full textCoulon, Jean. "Le four de Sévrier en Haute-Savoie à l’âge du Bronze : Reprise des données et nouvelles perspectives." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20096.
Full textThis study focuses on a unique archaeological finding from the Crêt de Châtillon, a late Bronze Age lacustrine village situated on a now submerged island in Lake Annecy (Haute-Savoie, France). The Sévrier kiln is considered to be one of the oldest pottery kiln in Western Europe. Over the years it has become internationally known and still forms the basis of research projects and experiments relating to Bronze Age ceramic technology. It embodies the arrival of a new technology that would mark the gradual disappearance of the open fire or pit firing modes that had been used since the invention of pottery. As such, the acme of ceramic art which marks the end of the Bronze Age, may therefore be related to the use of such a device. The uniqueness of this clay building of modest proportions and surprisingly thin walls, lies in it modular and portable design. The discovery, published in 1975 (Bocquet and Couren 1975) soon received a valuable feedback in Europe and nearly forty years later remains virtually unparalleled. However, the use of pottery kilns in the Bronze Age in a Western context remains an open question. Since the 1980s, several arguments will gradually undermine this interpretation. The purpose of this study is to take a fresh look at this inescapable object, somewhat veiled by its celebrity and review functional hypotheses hitherto not studied. After describing the background and the history of the discovery, we discuss various aspects of the archaeological kiln: morphology, design, restoration, use, experimentations and singular features that approximate or distinguish this furnace from later pottery kilns or thin-walled clay structures wich have been variously interpreted. This analysis of the kiln of Sévrier has been threefolds: (a) an inventory of the findings from the Crêt de Châtillon and a discussion about the integration of many components excluded from the reconstruction ; (b) archaeometric analysis (clay mineralogy) of the kiln and the clay deposits located near the site and (c) identification of the changing phases in clays, subjected to high temperatures and determination of the temperature experienced by the furnace. The functional analysis, reviews different hypotheses : (a) pottery firing : a comparative experimental method that aims to highlight the benefits and disadvantages of different processes to produce black pottery. The purpose is to underscore the technological contribution assumed to have been introduced by the Sévrier kiln. (b) Other functional alternatives will be discussed, especially the culinary function. This interpretation is supported by the discovery of unprecedented indices discovered during this study. The inventory of comparable structures is another aspect of this research. The relatively widespread use of such thin-walled clay structures during the Bronze and Iron ages is highlighted. Their geographical distribution extends from the Balkans to Spain and from Great Britain to Greece. The census of a multiform family of domestic portable clay ovens allows us to propose a new typology and a scenario of diffusion between regions sometimes very remote, completes this new outlook and draw new perspectives for the research
Donnart, Klet. "Le macro-outillage dans l'Ouest de la France : pratique économiques et techniques des premières sociétés agropastorales." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S120.
Full textGround stone tools are stone tools whose blanks are raw or poorly shaped. They are usually excluded of the knapped stone studies, and consequently are rather unrecognized. This thesis tries to fill this gap in Western France, from the early Neolithic to the early Bronze Age. First, the ground stone tools typology is established by the study of twenty collections, supplying a corpus of about 3000 artefacts. About forty tool types are described and interpreted, with more or less precision depending on the quantity and the quality of the data available. The thesis then follows a diachronic approach, to question these tools on most aspects of the earliest farmers’ societies. Following the chaîne opératoire process, a techno-functional analysis documents the ground stone tools’ conception and management. These tools turn out to compose a coherent technical sub-system, with strategies suited to the people’s resources and to the needs; demonstrating good technical knowledge and a high economic importance. The chronological and cultural analysis leads to mixed results, firstly because data is relatively insufficient compared to the large area and the long period studied, but also because ground stone tools wear very few cultural marks. Geography appears to be a more significant variation factor, as ground stone tools are adapted to both local resources and needs. There is however little environmental determinism, as humans have always been able to make choices according to technical and functional criteria, which are more determining. Ground stone tools therefore link humans and their environment and make an excellent economic marker
Brun-Cottan, Marguerite-France. "Les techniques agricoles en Mesopotamie au Chalcolithique et à l'âge du bronze d'après la documentation archéologique." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010603.
Full textIn spite of light variations in both climate and hydrological network, agricultural conditions have not sensibly changed between the 5th and the 3th millenium, and are quite similar to those existing now. On the other hand, the analysis of material remains shows differences between the chalcolithic and the bronze age, with the apparition of biennal fallow at the obeid 3 probably, orchards at the obeid 4, and plough a the uruk period, bronze tools become usual at the end of the 3rd millenium. The agriculture at this period is roughly similar to the traditionnal parctices still used in middle east
Prévalet, Romain. "La décoration des pièces d'orfèvrerie-bijouterie en Méditerranée orientale à l'âge du Bronze : techniques, productions, transmissions." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010575.
Full textGoldwork decoration has been developed since the 3rt millenium BC, sumultaneously with the control over the production of prestigious items, and through exchange networks and contacts within the Eastern Mediterranean.The use of complex processes such as the soldering and decoration using heat facilitate the production and enable the plasticity of composite items. My dissertation aims to reconstruct the techniques of fine decoration as filigree and granulation that were employed throughout the Bronze Age by craftsmen namely in Northern Levant and Crete. This study has been essentially based on macro- and microscopic examination of artifacts and experimental golden works I made in order to define the identification evidences of the technical processes, and the characterization of the craftsmen's know-how. In addition, the chaînes opératoires might be also reconstruct in order to specify the movement of the body and recognize « the hands ».On the other hand, the technical approach has lead me to explore the workshop's organization : how was it fitted out the work space and what were the tools of the filigree and granulation the experts has used to produce unique or similar items, to train apprenties to specific qualities, and expand their know-how through different places of the Eastern Mediterranean ? Gold worker-jeweller had a major rôle in the spreading of knowledge in that connected region, which has provoked the creation of hybrid objects with artistic influences such as Levantine, Minoan, Egyptian, and Mycenaean... The analyse has also insight into the importance of discussing the possibility of local creation, independently or by external stimulation, about the apparition of filigree and granulation techniques in Northern Levant and Crete
Bouillon, Hélène. "Vaisselle de luxe et échanges culturels au Bronze Récent : étude de cas à partir de sept formes introduites en Égypte au Nouvel Empire." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040216.
Full textIn the New Kingdom, a change is visible in the typological evolution of Egyptian luxury vases: new forms appear, imitating foreign vessels. The paradox is that these vases, when discovered outside Egypt, are often regarded as “Egyptian”, or “Egyptianized”. The aim of this work is to understand the origins of these new forms as well as the reasons for their proliferation during the reign of Thumosis III, and to understand their role in cultural exchange between Egypt and it’s neighbours. The author selects seven forms and studies corresponding vases, from all over Egypt and the Eastern Mediterranean. Comparisons made, both from a technical and a stylistic point of view, help to define cultural trends for each region. A sociological and economical approach has been adopted to scrutinize the mechanisms of trade
Faucher, Thomas. "L'atelier monétaire d'Alexandrie sous les Lagides : problèmes techniques et stylistiques." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040126.
Full textThe study of the Ptolemaic coins in Alexandria was undertaken to observe the ancient monetary production from the metal supply through to the minting of coins. Firstly, following a short presentation on the origin of the elements required for the preparation of bronzes, the metallic composition analyses convey the deduction and documentation on the evolution of the monetary alloy. Furthermore, the inspection of the metallic compositions enabled the classification of several coin issues. Secondly, the insufficient availability of ancient sources necessitated the scrutiny of the coins to collect information on the engraver and the die production method. The engravings of the obverse and reverse types were used to provide detailed examinations of the iconography selected by the authorities. Finally, the various functions of the workshop from the initial melting of coin blanks, the adding of finishing touches to the final striking of coins were considered. These functions helped to ascertain the development of the Ptolemaic bronze coinage from its early roots in the old Macedonian traditions and further served to highlight its ability and originality to adapt and modernize itself. However, its originality cannot be viewed as indicating it to be an exception but rather as an attribution to the Hellenistic world’s evolution
Vincent, Brice. "Samrit. Étude de la métallurgie du bronze dans le Cambodge angkorien (fin du XIe – début du XIIIe siècle)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030032.
Full textActive for almost a millennium, Khmer bronze metallurgy is characterized by a remarkable continuity and by the production of sacred images as well as of objects of the most varied kind, but usually for ritual practices. This metallurgical tradition will be considered in the framework of our thesis through the analysis of a specific period of production that lies between the late eleventh and early thirteenth century, the latter having the advantage of providing the most numerous bronze remains conserved thus far. Without neglecting the "classical" approaches generally used to study Khmer bronzes, this work will serve primarily to characterize the technical know-how then mastered by Angkorian bronze craftsmen. After a necessary anchorage in history in a Khmer kingdom dominated by the Mahīdharapura dynasty and several major political and religious centers including Yaśodharapura / Angkor, the studied production will be presented in two complementary perspectives, typological and functional. Khmer epigraphy will then be solicited to provide the first elements on metallurgical knowledge and practices attested during the Angkorian period, both for bronze, or saṃrit in Old Khmer, as well as for other metals. An annotated corpus of 167 images and objects in bronze, from several museum collections and subject to various technical examinations and analyses, will finally aid in rebuilding the workflows of the chaîne opératoire governing the production of a bronze. Among these, foundry practices, well-documented by the results provided by recent elemental analyses, will be the object of deeper study
Garci, Siham. "Culture matérielle et techniques artisanales, au Levant nord, au Bronze moyen (2000-1600 avant notre ère) : contacts et interactions entre différentes aires culturelles." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20054.
Full textThis study aims to understand contacts, and their impacts, between North Levant (area situated between the syro-lebanese coast and the Oronte valley) and his neighbors during the Middle Bronze Age. The analysis of the ceramics, metallic productions, stone, bony and vitreous items - coming from thirty archaeological tells of North Levant - revealed various stylistic and technological cultural influences from Mediterranean's area (from Egypt, Anatolia and Aegean world) and Mesopotamia. The multiplication of diplomatic and commercial relationship promotes people and good's movement but also permits transmission of expertise and manufacturing process unknown by North Levantine craftsmen. This period is characterized by a real progress of metallurgy, faiences and ivory crafts
Farah-Fougères, Bouchra. "Techniques et materiaux de construction a l'age du bronze (~ 3100-1200 av. J. -c. ) au levant du nord." Paris, EPHE, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EPHE4009.
Full textWautelet, Marie. "Contribution à l'étude des pratiques sculpturales: la petite sculpture à la Compagnie des Bronzes de Bruxelles, 1854-1914." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209387.
Full textProvenzano, Noëlle. "Produits, techniques et productions à l'âge du bronze : l'industrie osseuse dans les Terramares de la moyenne vallée du Pô." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX10100.
Full textVisseyrias, Aline. "Les formes de la tradition : techniques et savoir-faire céramiques à la fin de l'Age du bronze, entre Rhin et Rhône." Besançon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BESA1024.
Full textIn Western Europe, the later Bronze Age ceramics are recognized for a long time like fine one. Indeed, some potteries, although they are not turned, show a real know-how from the potters. The shaping, stage important of the chaîne opératoire of ceramics, is probably the element which shows a spaciotemporal stability more among the stages of manufacture or the even shape of the potteries. The techniques of manufacturing are characteristic of a society at a given time. The first stage thus consisted in apprehending the marks of shaping on the surface and to the heart of potsherd. For that purpose, we carried out, with Pierre Pétrequin, an experimental reference frame, only devoted to the shaping processes, based on types of shaping attested in archaeological and/or ethnographic context. About forty experimental series (each one made up of four potteries) were carried out. These characteristic marks were required on archaeological ceramics of the later Bronze Age. The studied collections belong to two sites from Franche-Comté (grotte de la Fontaine de la Roche à Courchapon and grotte de Vaux-les-Prés) and two sites from Savoie (Grésine Ouest à Brison-Saint-Innocent and le Saut de la Pucelle à Tresserve). The technological study demonstrates in particular that shaping can prove to be complex and that several techniques can be used on the same pot. The observation of the ceramic types — as plates or goblets for example — shows that these kind of pottery are not shaped in the same way during the Late Bronze age. It also appears that some ceramic asks for a high know-how level, which can't be within range of all. Although only few material traces of elements like slow rotary systems or potters' furnaces of potters were found, their use is however probable but not systematic. This study is situated in a wider perspective both in time — evolution(s) and in space — from the household to the cultural area
Philippe, Marie. "Les traditions techniques céramiques de la vallée du Rhin supérieur entre Xe et VIIIe siècles avant J.-C. : essai d’un outil automatisé de partitionnement de chaînes opératoires (PACO)." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCH032.
Full textMining and modeling tools are still missing to process the huge technical datasets collected in archaeological contexts. A methodology considered here takes into account both the needs of technologists reconstructing chaînes opératoires and statistical requirements. It leads to the presentation of a function partitioning chaînes opératoires : PACO. This is an automated process using the R statistical software which makes the analyses more rigorous and faster, and also more flexible while adapting to various chrono-cultural contexts. PACO is based on one simple rule and is understandable by everyone.The advantages of this tool are illustrated by an innovative case study. Pottery making techniques are identified on 16 habitation and 3 funerary sites of the upper Rhine Valley and surroundings, which date from the 10th to the 8th centuries B.C. Chaînes opératoires and technical traditions, which are inherited and transmitted, are reconstructed. This has led to an attempt at representing the networks of interplays between communities defined on a social and spatial basis. Places and conditions of pottery making are investigated through a re-reading of excavation reports and ceramic paste examination. Functional benefits of the different technical traditions and the co-representation of these traditions within ceramic assemblages are finally examined; this is an additional approach to consider complementary and competing productions at the dawn of the Iron Age
Morero, Élise. "Artisanat lapidaire en Crète minoenne : les techniques de fabrication des vases de pierre." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010600.
Full textManclossi, Francesca. "De la pierre aux métaux : dynamiques des changements techniques dans les industries lithiques au Levant Sud, IVe- Ier millénaire av. J.-C." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100142/document.
Full textThe shift from stone to metal has always seen as one of the main technological transition in the history of the mankind, especially in the Near East and in the Levant where technological progress has been seen as an indicator of the rise of civilization. In this scenario, the development of metallurgy was more attractive than lithic technology, which for a long time was neglected. However, although the first metal objects appear during the Chalcolithic (5th BCE.), flint tools continued to be produced and used through the Bronze Age and the beginning of the Iron Age (1st BCE). The coexistence of these two large scale technologies for more than three millennia represents a complex phenomenon, which we analyse from two different perspectives recognizing the various factors in the history of technology, and the trajectories and the rhythms of technological change: 1. the specific evolutionary path of the objects, technologies and techniques and 2. the socio-historical contingencies which explain the success or failure of a technique. Using a technological approach, the comparison between the chipped-stone production of the metal ages and their contemporaneous metal tools allows us to observe which dynamics, mechanisms and modalities explain the disappearance of flint industries in terms of their relationship with the development of the metallurgy. However, it is not a simple substitution from one material to another, but a deeper transformation which, according to strategies that change over time, operates both in the conception of the objects and their place into the societies producing and using them
Adamski, Frédéric. "Ateliers, techniques et artisans du "bronze" en Aquitaine antique : de la fin de l'âge du Fer à la période gallo-romaine." Bordeaux 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR30081.
Full textHistory of techniques studies the links between an object and its fabrication techniques thanks to craft choices, society, economy, politic,… Knowing the physicochemical properties of the material, the working techniques, the tools and the gestures carried out, is necessary to understand the making process of metallic objects; material sciences and laboratory studies permit to reach some technical information about these objects. On one hand, the purpose is to analyze the elementary composition; on the other hand, the observation of metal microstructures makes it possible to highlight its thermomechanical history, in order to understand the chaîne opératoire which enables to make the studied artefacts. When workshop vestiges are dig up, it is interesting to try to replace the chaîne opératoire in the time and within the given space. By this way, the reflexion can be extended to the workshop social organization. This transdisciplinary work studies the evolution of the technical practices of the transformation metallurgy of copper alloys between the IIIrd century B. C. And IIIrd century A. D. In the Roman Province Aquitania drown up by Auguste Emperor. The whole of the studied vestiges have been dig up from seven recent archaeological excavations or prospection sites. Results of these studies make it possible to highlight some evolutions in the technical practices in these times. Moreover, some differences of organization between workshops with different production way have been highlighted
Sebag, Deborah. "Recherches sur l'architecture en Palestine au Bronze ancien." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00781529.
Full textCharloux, Guillaume. "Artisanat et urbanisation de la Palestine à l'âge du Bronze ancien. Apport de l'étude des céramiques à la structure sociale." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00684308.
Full textNouet, Rachel. "Archéologie de l'empreinte : techniques de fixation des statues en Grèce égéenne, de l'époque archaïque à la fin de l'époque hellénistique (VIIè - Ier siècle av. J.-C.)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H088.
Full textThe study examines the techniques used to attach statues to their bases in the Greek world from the end of the 7th c. BC to the end of the Hellenistic period. Starting from bases bearing inscriptions, it builds on a corpus of 387 monuments from Delphi, Delos and Athens, showing traces of attachment. Their description and analysis can be found in a separated catalogue. In the first part of the study, a chrono‐typology was elaborated, identifying and dating each technique according to the material, the size and the type of the figures. In the second part, the traces of attachment were interpreted as signs of the missing statue. First, we showed that these traces brought information on its material and its size but also its type and its position. Then we focused on signed bases and proceeded to a cross‐examination of the kind of technique used and the position revealed by the traces in order to identify artisanal traditions specific to regions or workshops. Finally, we considered the reasons for using marble or bronze for statues; we thus showed the importance of the setting context from the classical period onward, as exemplified by the come-back of marble sculpture in the 2nd c. BC. The study is thus intended as a contribution to research both on attachment techniques and sculpture in its context
Roumpou, Maria. "The analysis and interpretation of organic residues associated with late bronze age storage vessels from the Toumba, Thessalonikis : an attempt to unravel issues related to storage in the Greek Late Bronze Age, exploiting the potential of analytical chemistry and spectrometry techniques." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2001. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.734290.
Full textPETERS, MANUEL JACQUES HELENA. "Innovative techniques for the assessment of the degradation state of metallic artefacts." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2950500.
Full textMille, Benoit. "D’une amulette en cuivre aux grandes statues de bronze : évolution des techniques de fonte à la cire perdue, de l’Indus à la Méditerranée, du 5e millénaire au 5e siècle av. J.-C." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100057/document.
Full textFollowing a multidisciplinary approach combining social sciences (archaeology, history of techniques, examination of ancient texts) and chemistry (materials science, experimental metallurgy, analytical chemistry), our research aims to reconstruct the evolution of lost-wax casting techniques, from the earliest evidence of its use in Mehrgarh (Pakistan, 5th millennium BC) to the first large bronze statues in the Aegean (end of the 6th, beginning of the 5th century BC).The archaeological artefacts under study have sometimes required specific analytical developments to overcome their very strong alteration, such as synchrotron photoluminescence imaging. This allowed reconstructing in detail the chaîne opératoire of the Mehrgarh wheel-shaped amulet, one of the oldest lost-wax castings known to date. Based on the results thus obtained, it has been suggested that lost-wax casting might have been invented to give non-metalworkers the opportunity to create important metal objects such as amulets by simply shaping a wax model.We show that lost-wax casting was afterwards used to create a new form of sculpture, namely metal statuary. At the cost of very thick metal walls and mechanical assemblies, this led to an early production step of large statues in Mesopotamia during the second half of the 3rd millennium BC. After a long hiatus, large metal statuary reappeared spectacularly during the first half of the 1st millennium BC, both in the Egyptian, the Sabean and the Aegean areas. We were able to identify two important innovations responsible for this renaissance: the indirect process and the flow fusion welding.Castability tests carried out by varying the composition of the alloy and the material of the mould are presented in the last part of our work. An exceptional castability was obtained for highly-leaded bronze in plaster mould and with a high preheating. For the first time some insights are thus drawn on the casting conditions necessary to obtain the very thin walls often observed on large metal statues during the Classical Antiquity
Martial, Emmanuelle. "L'évolution des systèmes techniques à la fin du Néolithique et au début de l'age du Bronze : une approche techno-culturelle de l'industrie lithique dans le nord de la France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA01H056.
Full textThis thesis dissertation provides a summary of the place and evolution of lithic industries in northern France, between the 3rd millennium and the first half of the 2nd millennium BC. This work is based on research carried out for twenty-five years in the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Somme and is based on some thirty series bringing together more than 70,000 objects in siliceous materials from sites attributed to the Deûle-Escaut, the Bell Beaker and the Early Bronze Age. Beyond the techno-functional characterization of the stone industries from the Late Neolithic and the beginning of the Bronze Age, this work addresses the place and the role - utilitarian as well as symbolic - occupied by this technical subsystem and its evolution, in a context marked by the development of metallurgy. Evolutionary trends are defined from the components specific to each lithic series and from the analysis of common features and discriminating traits. The dynamic reading of the methods of acquisition, manufacture and consumption of stone tools is made possible by approaching the operating processes (technical and functional) from a global point of view and by varying the scales. A change in the status of the lithic industry marks the transition to a new tradition from the onset of the Bronze Age. This cultural technology approach aims, beyond the study of the object per se, to reveal the society that produced it by attempting to establish relationships between technical phenomena and socio-cultural phenomena. The conditions for change, continuity and rupture are questioned; hypotheses and interpretations are proposed by seeking insights beyond the limits specific to material documentation
Pérez, Claire. "Quel(s) tropisme(s) atlantique(s) pour les cultures de la péninsule ibérique ? : le mobilier métallique du XIIIe au VIIIe a.C. : entre innovation et tradition." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01015286.
Full textSoudan, Patrick. "Etude des proprietes electrochimiques de nouveaux oxydes et bronzes de type m yv 2o 5 prepares par voie sol-gel et utilisables comme electrodes positives d'accumulateurs au lithium." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066625.
Full textMazet, Sylvain. "LES ENCEINTES PRE- ET PROTOHISTORIQUES DE CORSE - ESSAI DE COMPARAISON AVEC QUELQUES SITES DE TOSCANE." Phd thesis, Université Pascal Paoli, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00133185.
Full textpu changer entre le Néolithique moyen et l'Age du Fer, l'enceinte peut être un fossé, une levée de terre, une palissade ou un mur en pierre
sèche, comme c'est le cas en Corse. Cette recherche s'intéresse, de ce fait, à l'évolution des techniques constructives de ces structures en pierre
sèche. Des datations provenant de fouilles effectuées sur certains gisements ont permis d'élaborer une typo-chronologie, fournissant des
indices quant à l'occupation de sites se caractérisant par la seule présence d'enceintes. Afin d'appliquer la méthodologie de l'étude des
structures corses à celles de Toscane, le cadre géographique de notre recherche a été étendu à toute l'aire corso-toscane. La faible
représentation de ce type de structures dans la littérature archéologique de la Toscane a été confirmée par quelques campagnes de
prospection ciblées, notamment dans la vallée de l'Ombrone. Néanmoins quelques gisements ceinturés ont été inventoriés dans l'archipel
toscan. Dans le nord de la Corse, il semblerait que les enceintes enserrant l'habitat au Néolithique évolué et au Néolithique final, soient
issues de l'utilisation de techniques constructives développées localement. En revanche, à l'Age du Bronze, la proche Sardaigne pourrait
avoir diffusé la façon de construire des murs employant des blocs volumineux aux faces planes, utilisée dans le sud de la Corse pour ériger
des structures ceinturant, entre autres, des centres de transformation des produits alimentaires. L'utilisation d'outils en bronze, lors de
l'extraction et du débitage de la roche, expliquerait les différences entre les techniques constructives employées au Néolithique et à l'Age du
Bronze.
Azzarà, Valentina. "L'architecture domestique et l'organisation de maisonnée dans le péninsule d'Oman à l'âge du Bronze ancien (IIIè millénaire av. N.E.)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010613.
Full textIn the Oman peninsula, the transition from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age is marked by deep socioeconomic transformations. The shift towards an agricultural economy and the gradual integration into supraregional interaction spheres have been interpreted as the adaptive response of local populations to the pressure of an external demand for the acquisition of raw materials. Nevertheless, at the dawn of the Bronze Age, the role of the Oman Peninsula within this network is less patent than generally assumed, calling into question the nature of the transformations that characterise the beginning of the 3rd millennium BC. These questions were explored by the point of view of the household, explicitly conceived as a structuring element of the society, the “sociogram of a social system”. Aiming at better understanding of the transition towards the complexification of the Bronze Age, the study briefly addresses the last Neolithic occupations, and focuses on a diachronic analysis of domestic architectures and material culture during the 3rd millennium BC (Hafit and Umm an-Nar periods). It considers a series of different aspects that could offer insights on the configuration of domestic and craft activities, on the social perception of space, on the organisation of the workforce and their degree of specialisation. This approach allowed grasping the social actors at the village level, highlighting the importance of socioeconomic transformations originating at a local scale, and expressed by the developmental cycles of the household in the long term. In addition , new field data lead to the identification of specific chronological markers for the Hafit period and the last Umm an-Nar phase
Charbonnier, Julien. "Les systèmes d'irrigation en Arabie méridionale (IVe millénaire av. J. -C. - Ier millénaire ap. J. -C. )." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010616.
Full textHeed, Anton. "Egtvedflickans bärmölska : Om bryggprocessen för fermenterade blanddrycker under sydskandinavisk äldre bronsålder." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper (KV), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-100153.
Full textHarcombe, Aletta Maria. "A non-destructive technical and stylistic comparative analysis of selected metal artefacts from the Ditsong national museum of cultural history." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26236.
Full textThe destructive nature of conventional analytical techniques, coupled with the finite nature of ancient/historical artefacts, has long restricted technical examinations of museum collections, mainly due to ethical constraints. However, over the past few decades, the application of Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) techniques has become increasingly popular within the fields of archaeology and cultural heritage diagnostics. The application of such techniques has facilitated the examination of objects that have long remained uninvestigated. However, this positive development also held a slight drawback, in that researchers tend to now focus on technical analyses alone, while excluding more traditional means of analyses, such as comparative stylistic analysis and surface investigation. By employing a combination of stylistic analysis, visual surface investigation (by means of SLR photography and digital microscopy) and nuclear imaging (by means of Microfocus X-Ray Computed Tomography), the thesis sets out to justify the application of mixed methodologies as part of a more holistic integrated authentication approach. Thus stated, the thesis presents a mixed-methodological approach towards the analysis of selected metal objects from the Ditsong National Museum of Cultural History in Pretoria, South Africa. The objects under investigation include a small collection of ancient Egyptian bronze statuettes, a Samurai helmet (kabuto) and mask (menpó), a European gauntlet, and an Arabian dagger (jambiya/khanjar). While all the objects are curated as part of the museum‘s archaeology and military history collections, the exact production dates, manufacturing techniques and areas of origin remain a mystery. By using a combination of techniques, the thesis aims to identify diagnostic features that can be used to shed light on their relative age, culturo-chronological framework and, by extension, their authenticity.
Old Testament and Ancient Near Eastern Studies
D. Litt. et Phil.(Ancient Near Eastern Studies)
Naicker, Vishnu Visvanathan. "A study of the vanadium oxide bronze 0-VOB, and vanadium oxides V2O5 and VO2, using hyperfine interaction techniques." Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4418.
Full textThesis (Ph.D.)-University of Durban-Westville, 1999.
Wang, Hong-Yi, and 王弘毅. "Microstructure and mechanical properties of an equimolar Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2-ZrO2 composite film on aluminum bronze alloy synthesized by the sol-gel technique." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/dpnsgb.
Full text國立臺灣海洋大學
機械與機電工程學系
106
In this study, equimolar alumina-silica-titania-zirconia composite films were deposited on C95400 aluminum bronze alloy synthesized by the sol-gel technique. The compositions of the composite films were sintered at 600 ℃ under an argon gas atmosphere (oxygen-containing 9 ppm). By adding PO and PVP in precursor solution, adjusting pulling out speed, PVP content, baking temperature and coating times, discuss coating film material component, microstructure and surface morphology , and find suitable experiment condition. The thermal stability, structure and composition of composite films could be analyzed by using thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FTIR), Raman scattering spectroscope. The surface and mechanical properties of composite films were investigated by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and scratch test. The results showed that added PO and PVP in films and suitable process could decrease its crack. Repeated coating films on substrate could promote the adhesion. A diamond-incorporated coating was successfully built by the micro-diamond dispersed precursor solution proposed by this work.
Santra, Sangeeta. "Diffusion Controlled Growth of A15-Based Nb3Sn and V3Ga Intermetallic Compounds." Thesis, 2015. http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/3928.
Full text