Journal articles on the topic 'Technical education Costs'
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Mcmahon, Walter J. "The economics of vocational and technical education: Do the benefits outweigh the costs?" International Review of Education 34, no. 2 (June 1988): 173–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01874544.
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Dunn, Kimberly A., and Karen L. Hooks. "Cost of an Accounting Education, Economic Returns, and Preparation to Enter the Profession." Issues in Accounting Education 24, no. 4 (November 1, 2009): 433–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace.2009.24.4.433.
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ABSTRACT: Costs of a college education continue to increase faster than overall inflation. The debt students in the United States incur to complete college is also escalating. The purpose of this study is to examine the cost of obtaining an undergraduate and graduate degree in accounting and expected cash flows for the first ten years in public accounting for students with and without educational loans. We analyze CPA exam pass rates for any relationships between education costs and level of technical preparation for entry into the profession. We find that cash flow analysis of different combinations of costs, financing, and career choices reveals that monetary outcomes vary widely with different combinations. We find limited systematic differences of universities' CPA exam pass rates based on cost of education. This suggests that appropriate technical preparation for an accounting career is available to students attending universities across the cost spectrum.
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Coruh, Esen. "Teaching technical specifications in fashion design education." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 1 (February 19, 2016): 356–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v2i1.319.
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Technical specifications of the fashion designs should be made into written form to produce a clothing collection. Thus, the designer visualizes his/her idea using technical drawings. To fully realize his/her idea, it is important that the designer should provide the details regarding the technical specifications correctly. Because while a clothing collection is produced, it goes through many processes by different people. That the designer introduces technical specifications in detail provides accurate production of the collection.In this study, the fashion design process is gathered under fifteen headings as identification of target market, research of fashion trends, determination of concept, identification of colors, selection of fabrics, determination of auxiliary materials, description of line, preparation of concept board, illustration of clothing designs, drawing of technical designs, formation of measurement charts, description of sewing instructions, indication of measurements, preparation of patterns and computing costs. In addition to these headings, the technical specifications covering the process are also considered. Lastly, the suggestions on teaching of the technical specifications in fashion design education are presented. The aim of this study is the technical specifications in the fashion design process to be learned. Therefore, the suggestion for integration of the information that is learned during fashion design education which requires a long lasting infrastructure is presented.   In fashion design education, it is important to provide education in design and production process. In this study the aim is to develop a model about teaching technical specifications in fashion design education. The aim of this study is to develop a model for teaching technical specifications in fashion design education. Therefore it is considered that the study is important in terms of integration of design and production information with related technical specifications.Keywords: Fashion design, fashion design education, technical specifications
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Picolo, Salvador, Jose Marcio De Vasconcellos, and Antonio Carlos Fernandes. "TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF MARITIME ACCIDENTS." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 10, no. 06 (June 21, 2022): 886–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v10i6.ec03.
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This article highlights the main technical and statistical aspects related to maritime accidents, including the various types of vessels that navigate rivers and oceans around the world. It seeks to understand the mechanics of different accidents, their recurrence for different causes and their financial impact. Technically, through case studies, it shows the different types of accidents that occur in different global locations. The preservation of human life as well as of the environment are determining factors in any maritime accident today.
Keywords: Maritime Casualties, Class Society, International Maritime Organization, Environment, Costs, Cases
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Hippe, Daniel S., Rachel A. Umoren, Alex McGee, Sherri L. Bucher, and Brian W. Bresnahan. "A targeted systematic review of cost analyses for implementation of simulation-based education in healthcare." SAGE Open Medicine 8 (January 2020): 205031212091345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312120913451.
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Over the past two decades, there has been an increase in the use of simulation-based education for training healthcare providers in technical and non-technical skills. Simulation education and research programs have mostly focused on the impact on clinical knowledge and improvement of technical skills rather than on cost. To study and characterize existing evidence to inform multi-stakeholder investment decisions, we performed a systematic review of the literature on costs in simulation-based education in medicine in general and in neonatal resuscitation as a particular focus. We conducted a systematic literature search of the PubMed database using two targeted queries. The first searched for cost analyses of healthcare simulation-based education more broadly, and the second was more narrowly focused on cost analyses of neonatal resuscitation training. The more general query identified 47 qualified articles. The most common specialties for education interventions were surgery (51%); obstetrics, gynecology, or pediatrics (11%); medicine, nursing, or medical school (11%); and urology (9%), accounting for over 80% of articles. The neonatal resuscitation query identified five qualified articles. The two queries identified seven large-scale training implementation studies, one in the United States and six in low-income countries. There were two articles each from Tanzania and India and one article each from Zambia and Ghana. Methods, definitions, and reported estimates varied across articles, implying interpretation, comparison, and generalization of program effects are challenging. More work is needed to understand the costs, processes, and outcomes likely to make simulation-based education programs cost-effective and scalable. To optimize return on investments in training, assessing resource requirements, associated costs, and subsequent outcomes can inform stakeholders about the potential sustainability of SBE programs. Healthcare stakeholders and decision makers will benefit from more transparent, consistent, rigorous, and explicit assessments of simulation-based education program development and implementation costs in low- and high-income countries.
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Martins, Carolina, Eduardo Carvalhal Ribas, Albert L. Rhoton, and Guilherme Carvalhal Ribas. "Three-dimensional digital projection in neurosurgical education: technical note." Journal of Neurosurgery 123, no. 4 (October 2015): 1077–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2014.10.jns13542.
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Three-dimensional images have become an important tool in teaching surgical anatomy, and its didactic power is enhanced when combined with 3D surgical images and videos. This paper describes the method used by the last author (G.C.R.) since 2002 to project 3D anatomical and surgical images using a computer source. Projecting 3D images requires the superposition of 2 similar but slightly different images of the same object. The set of images, one mimicking the view of the left eye and the other mimicking the view of the right eye, constitute the stereoscopic pair and can be processed using anaglyphic or horizontal-vertical polarization of light for individual use or presentation to larger audiences. Classically, 3D projection could be obtained by using a double set of slides, projected through 2 slide projectors, each of them equipped with complementary filters, shooting over a medium that keeps light polarized (a silver screen) and having the audience wear appropriate glasses. More recently, a digital method of 3D projection has been perfected. In this method, a personal computer is used as the source of the images, which are arranged in a Microsoft PowerPoint presentation. A beam splitter device is used to connect the computer source to 2 digital, portable projectors. Filters, a silver screen, and glasses are used, similar to the classic method. Among other advantages, this method brings flexibility to 3D presentations by allowing the combination of 3D anatomical and surgical still images and videos. It eliminates the need for using film and film developing, lowering the costs of the process. In using small, powerful digital projectors, this method substitutes for the previous technology, without incurring a loss of quality, and enhances portability.
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VARELA LASO, RODRIGO, LILIANA NERIZ, Alicia Núñez Mondaca, FRANCISCO RAMIS LANYON, and REINER HOLLANDER. "COSTS PER CAREER AS FINANCIAL INDICATORS IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS." DYNA MANAGEMENT 9, no. 1 (November 19, 2021): [10 p.]. http://dx.doi.org/10.6036/mn10296.
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ABSTRACT: Higher education institutions contribute to society in multiple ways through the technical and professional formation of the population and disseminating new information. This diversity of objectives that interact with each other hinder both the acquisition and the allocation of resources. In other words, they affect the institutions' capacity to meet costs at a given level of financing or income. For this reason, the costs attributable to degrees bestowed by educational institutions help to provide critical financial information, especially when computing the margin between income and expenses, evidencing the efficiency in resource consumption, and significantly aiding in the decision-making process. This article presents an integral and flexible methodology for designing an Activity-Based Costing system to determine the costs of degrees bestowed by higher education institutions applying the method to a Chilean public university. The results highlight nine degrees with a surplus and one with a financial deficit, the high impact on the cost of degrees stemming from the distribution of efforts of academics in the varied activities undertaken, the effect of grants among degrees, and other results of university administration, indicating the relevance of these models for the definition of government policies. Furthermore, these results' contribution in a current global context is discussed where institutions are found to be devising readjustments to their activities that have been affected by confinement caused by the global SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic. Keywords: Costing in educational institutions; costs of degrees; activities-based costing in education; higher education institutions; Chile
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Audu, M. M., M. R. Ja’afar-Furo, and B. H. Gabdo. "Stochastic production function and costs-returns analyses of apiarists in Adamawa State, Nigeria." Agricultural Science and Technology 12, no. 1 (March 2020): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/ast.2020.01.009.
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Abstract. This study assessed apiculture enterprise to determine the output elasticity of production, returns to scale, technical efficiency and profitability in Adamawa State, Nigeria. A total of four agricultural zones out of six, and 108 apiarists were selected through purposive and simple random methods, respectively. Descriptive statistics, stochastic frontier production function and budgetary technique were used in the analyses of data. Findings revealed that all (100%) the respondents were males within the age range of 21-30 years (44.44%). The majority of apiarists (87.0%) were married with household size of 1-10 persons (77.78%) and 50.0% of them had secondary school education. A larger proportion (37.0%) had between 6 and 10 years of beekeeping experience with 41.67% earning monthly income of N11000 (USD30.8) – N20000 (USD56.0) from other sources. Further, the findings revealed that labor and number of hives had reassuring influence on the industry, while age, education and experience could be used to reduce inefficiency in the industry to improve efficiency status. The apiarists also had mean technical efficiency of 89.9%, while the inefficiency estimate was only 10.1%. In terms of profitability, beekeeping in the study area was found to have had a high gross margin of N16800.00 (USD47.0) and net farm income of N15225.97 (USD42.6) for every beehive in a cropping season. The major constraints to beekeeping reported in the area included beehive crops theft, high propensity of bees’ stings, inadequacy of finance, rampant bush burning and deforestation, among others. It was concluded that beekeeping in the study area was found to be profitable and technically efficient. Improving beekeeping business in the area, among other things, would require its modernization and involvement of female participants, provision of soft credit facilities and enactment of stringent forestry laws to check unwholesome forestry practices.
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Miskiyah, Suaibatul, Syafrial Syafrial, and Sujarwo Sujarwo. "Technical Efficiency of Cabbage Farming (Brassica oleracea) With Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) Approach in Purwodadi - Pasuruan." HABITAT 32, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.habitat.2021.032.1.4.
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This study was aimed to analyze the factors affecting the cabbage production, the level of technical efficiency of cabbage farming, the factors affecting technical inefficiency, and the profits of cabbage farming. The location was determined purposively on the basis that it is the center of vegetable cultivation. The respondents were 67 farmers chosen using the Yamane formula sampling technique. This research used frontier software 4.1 data analysis method with Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) approach and Tobit regression. The results showed that land, labor, seeds, organic fertilizers, urea fertilizers, za fertilizers and npk fertilizers were real influential factors. Meanwhile, pesticides were insignificantly influenced. The mean technical efficiency in the research site was 0.903 for the distribution of technical efficiency, so that the cabbage production was rated as high efficiency. Age, education and credit access dummy contributed a major impact on technological inefficiency. The income from cabbage farming per planting season per hectare was Rp35,524,300 from cash costs and Rp31,051,800 from total costs.
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Md. Arif Billah. "Measurement of Technical Efficiency of Paddy Farms at Jhenaidah District in Bangladesh: A Case Study by Using Cobb Douglas Production Function." Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results 13, no. 4 (October 9, 2022): 652–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2022.13.04.087.
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This study's primary goal is to measure the technical efficacy of Amon paddy farms and identify the key variables that significantly influence the degree of technical inefficiency of the sample farms. Using a multistage random sampling technique, 200 Amon rice-producing farms in the Jhenaidah district were sampled for this study. The technical efficacy of Amon rice farms is estimated using the Cobb-Douglas production function method. The Cobb-Douglas production function approach's empirical findings indicate that the technical efficiency of Amon rice production is, on average, 0.95. This suggests that the studied region has a high level of technical efficiency. The factors influencing the degree of inefficiency of the Amon rice farms are also determined using an inefficiency impact model. The production of paddy was favorably connected with farm size, as indicated by the regression coefficient of farm size, which is 0.52. Additionally, it reveals that labor costs, irrigation cost, seed costs, and plowing cost are crucial elements that influence how efficiently Amon rice is produced. According to the estimated inefficiency impact model's findings, the technical inefficiency of Amon rice production is adversely correlated with farm size, age, education, training and credit availability. According to this study, actions to expand credit opportunities, education, and training are essential to lowering rice production's technical inefficiency in the study area. According to the results, it is advised that variables that positively and significantly affect production efficiency be researched and developed for best results toward sustainable agricultural and rural development in Bangladesh.
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Miho, Asela. "Comparing technical efficiency of maize smallholder farmers in Tabora and Ruvuma regions of Tanzania: a frontier production approach." Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 7, no. 9 (April 16, 2018): 180–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.1005/2017.7.9/1005.9.180.197.
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Technical efficiency was considered in comparing production efficiency of maize crops among smallholder farmers in Tabora and Ruvuma regions respectively, using maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) and ordinary least square (OLS) on Cobb-Douglas production function and OLS on technical inefficiency model in STATA 12 on the National Sample Census of Agriculture 2007/2008 data. Findings indicated that, Tabora smallholder farmers were more technically efficient with mean technical efficiency of 61% compared to 53% of Ruvuma farmers. Actual planted area came as the most important factor that increased maize output and Tractor asset being the most in optimal used factor ‘keeping other factors constant’, in both regions. From the technical inefficiency model; Age, household size, primary education and inputs costs increased technical inefficiency while credit access, capital assets, good living condition and crop farming as main activity increased technical efficiency in both regions. Thus, the support and sensitization from government and other development partners for agricultural development should be area specific particularly where there is high technical efficiency of the given crop. In optimal use of Tractor among smallholder farmers should be taken as a policy issue; for despite the efforts taken by stakeholders its influence to output attained among smallholders is insignificant.
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Rosqvist, Eerika, Marika Ylönen, Paulus Torkki, Jussi P. Repo, and Juha Paloneva. "Costs of hospital trauma team simulation training: a prospective cohort study." BMJ Open 11, no. 6 (June 2021): e046845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046845.
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ObjectivesThis study investigated the costs of 2-hour multiprofessional in situ hospital trauma team simulation training and its effects on teams’ non-technical skills using the T-NOTECHS instrument.BackgroundSimulation is a feasible and effective teaching and learning method. Calculating the costs of simulated trauma team training in medical emergency situations can yield valuable information for improving its overall cost-effectiveness.DesignA prospective cohort study.SettingTrauma resuscitation room in Central Finland Hospital, Finland.Participants475 medical professionals in 81 consecutive, simulated trauma teams.Primary and secondary outcome measuresTeam simulation training costs in 2017 and 2018 were analysed in the following two phases: (1) start-up costs and (2) costs of education. Primary outcome measures were training costs per participant and training costs per team. Secondary outcome measures were non-technical skills, which were measured on a 5–25-point scale using the T-NOTECHS instrument.ResultsThe annual mean total costs of trauma team simulation training were €58 000 for 40 training sessions and 238 professionals. Mean cost per participant was €203. Mean cost per team was €1220. The annual costs of simulation training markedly decreased when at least 70–80 teams participated in the training. Mean change in T-NOTECHS score after simulation training was +2.86 points (95% CI 1.97 to 3.75;+14.5%).ConclusionsThe greater the number of teams trained per year, the lower the costs per trauma team. In this study, we developed an activity-based costing method to calculate the costs of trauma team simulation training to help stakeholders make decisions about whether to initiate or increase existing trauma team simulation training or to obtain these services elsewhere.
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Begum, MEA, MA Monayem Miah, MA Rashid, MT Islam, and MI Hossain. "Economic analysis of turmeric cultivation: evidence from Khagrachari district." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 44, no. 1 (April 7, 2019): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v44i1.40902.
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Turmeric is a good source of income for hilly people of Bangladesh. The study estimated the profitability and technical efficiency of turmeric cultivation in Khagrachhari district. In total 150 turmeric farms located in Khagrachari Sadar, Panchari and Matiranga Upazilas of Khagrachari district, were surveyed. Data were collected, using a pre-tested questionnaire during January, 2015. The study revealed that turmeric farming is a profitable farming with some dominating variable costs like seed (rhizome) and sowing, harvesting and carrying. As the net return was Tk. 112139 per hectare and the BCR of sampled farmers was 2.20, this indicates that turmeric farms with a BCR greater than 1 have greater benefits than costs as well as positive net benefits. Seed (rhizome) and fertilizer showed significant positive effects on the turmeric production in the stochastic frontier production model. Turmeric farming displayed a mean technical efficiency of 82%, which suggested a substantial 18% of potential output of turmeric can be recovered by removing inefficiency. Besides improving technical efficiency, potential also exists for raising turmeric production through higher education and extension services. For a land scarce country like Bangladesh this gain could help increase income and ensure better livelihood for the hilly farmers. The policy implication of the analysis is that investment in education and extension service would greatly improve technical efficiency that contribute to income of the hilly people.
Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(1): 43-58, March 2019
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Yessenova, Kamchat, Judith Parker, Zuhra Sadvakasova, Akmaral Syrgakbaeva, and Gainiya Tazhina. "Kazakhstani E-Learning Practice in Higher Education." International Journal of Adult Education and Technology 11, no. 1 (January 2020): 24–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaet.2020010102.
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The purpose of the study was to analyze the experience provided by e-learning in a higher education setting in Kazakhstan as viewed by university administrators and graduate school e-learners. Surveys revealed that the e-learners expressed a high interest in study at remote universities. From the standpoint of the administrators, the main challenges of distance education development are the considerable implementation costs, a lack of technical support, the need to train qualified teachers, and a need for the full-fledged development of new courses. Clarifying the implication of these challenges can help administrators develop e-learning classes in universities nationwide. The research results can be applied towards identifying the resources needed for further developing e-learning initiatives for higher education, with the goal of giving universities a competitive advantage.
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Bordoloi, Rimjim, and Ashi Lama. "Technical Efficiency in Potato Cultivation in Brahmaputra Valley of Assam, India." SAARC Journal of Agriculture 20, no. 1 (July 20, 2022): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v20i1.60521.
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Potato is abundantly grown in Assam and is an important source of income and employment in rural areas of the state. But the productivity of potato in the state is low as compared to other states. Among the various factors, productivity of a crop is significantly influenced by technical efficiency. This paper examines productivity and technical efficiency in potato cultivation in Brahmaputra Valley of Assam, India. The study is based on both secondary and primary data. Primary data were collected from a sample of 400 potato growers. The study applied stochastic frontier production function to estimate technical efficiency and employed logistic transformation model of regression analysis to examine the determinants of technical efficiency. The results showed that potato productivity was positively and significantly affected by seed, fertilizer and manure costs. The mean level of technical efficiency among the farmers was 78%. Technical efficiency was found to be the highest in semi-medium and large land holdings. Technical efficiency was positively affected by land size and negatively affected by capital-labour ratio. The study implies that there is a need to promote use of quality seeds and plant nutrients to improve productivity and encourage extensive farming and use of labour to enhance technical efficiency in potato cultivation. SAARC J. Agric., 20(1): 197-208 (2022)
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Dougherty, C. R. S. "Unit costs and economies of scale in vocational and technical education: Evidence from the People's Republic of China." Economics of Education Review 9, no. 4 (January 1990): 389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0272-7757(90)90020-6.
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Fedotov, Artem. "Human and scientific-technical potential: regional correlation analysis." Population 23, no. 4 (December 19, 2020): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2020.23.4.6.
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The development of scientific and technical potential in the regions of Russia is an important task, without which it is difficult to imagine the competitiveness of the domestic economy. On the other hand, innovative development is closely related to such a social category as the human potential of the population. The article presents the results of a correlation analysis between indicators of scientific and technical potential, reflecting the resource component and the results of innovative activity of regions, on the one hand, and indicators of human potential, in particular, its physical aspect, on the other. The results obtained confirmed the absolute positive correlation between the indicators of scientific and technical potential and positive factors of human potential (life expectancy, natural population growth, the spread of education, visits to museums and theaters), as well as a negative relationship with negative factors of human potential (the level of addiction). The factors of scientific and technical potential that are most sensitive to the values of human potential indicators are revealed: internal costs for research and development, internal costs for technological innovation, the number of advanced production technologies used. A more detailed correlation analysis was carried out with the study of time lags separately for each region between the indicators of scientific and technical potential and three indicators of the physical aspect of human potential: life expectancy, natural population growth, the spread of alcoholism and drug addiction. The results obtained indicate that life expectancy is the strongest positive indicator of human potential, positively affecting the scientific and technical potential, and the spread of alcoholism and drug addiction is the strongest negative factor negatively associated with indicators of scientific and technical potential.
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Onumah, E. E., B. Brümmer, and G. Hörstgen-Schwark. "Productivity of the hired and family labour and determinants of technical inefficiency in Ghana’s fish farms." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 56, No. 2 (February 25, 2010): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/38/2009-agricecon.
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This paper examines the productivity of hired and family labour and determinants of technical inefficiency of fish farms in Ghana. A modified Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production function which accounts for zero usage of family and hired labour is employed on cross-sectional data of 150 farmers collected in 2007. The results reveal that family labour, hired labour, feed, seed, land, other costs and extension visit have a reasserting influence on fish farm production. Findings also show that family and hired labour used for fish farming production in Ghana may be equally productive. The combined effects of operational and farm specific factors (age, experience, land, gender, pond type and education) influence technical inefficiency although individual effects of some variables may not be significant. Mean technical efficiency is estimated to be 79 percent. Given the present state of technology and input level, the possibility of enhancing production can be achieved by reducing technical inefficiency by 21 percent through adoption of practices of the best fish farm.
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Zheng, Wenxiu. "The Motivation and Predicament of Enterprise Collaborative Education Choice from the Perspective of "Cost-benefit"." International Journal of Education and Humanities 3, no. 1 (June 8, 2022): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ijeh.v3i1.452.
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The common interest demand is the common interest orientation of both production and education in terms of talents and technical skills. As a stakeholder, companies are most concerned with direct economic benefits and costs. To a large extent, the choice of industry-education synergy to educate people is closely related to cost-benefit, cost-benefit situation can reflect the efficiency of enterprise synergy, and the efficiency of enterprise synergy will be affected by cost-benefit at a certain stage. Based on the perspective of cost-benefit, this paper constructs a research framework on the influence of the comprehensive value perception of the integration of production and education in enterprises on their cooperation tendency, and uses the field survey data of enterprises to verify, and draws the following conclusions: student safety issues and student ability are the main risks of enterprises; and The cost of communication in colleges and universities and the cost of cultivating human resources are the main costs of enterprises.
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Novikova, I. D., E. M. Ivanova, and K. A. Zabolotskaya. "Automation of calculation of technical and operational parameters of a railway cargo terminal." Transport Technician: Education and Practice 1, no. 1-2 (June 28, 2020): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.46684/2687-1033.1.13.
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Research is the automation of decision-making on the justification of the type of unloading section of the terminal for single-piece cargo — external or internal input of the railway track is rational according to the criterion of minimum total costs. The relevance of the research topic is associated with the widespread solution of this type of business problems in the modern conditions of the transport and warehouse market. Cargo terminals connect modes of transport and transform cargo flows, which determines both the key position of cargo terminals in modern supply chains, and the complexity of tasks to be solved in their design. For operational management of transport and logistics processes, it is necessary to quickly make business decisions, which can be provided by software implementation of a number of settlement procedures.Used dynamic and linear programming, syntax and tools of the Pascal ABC programming language, analytical, marketing, and project methods; materials of general access and official sites, own research.A software product for automating the calculation of technical and operational parameters of a railway cargo terminal is described. The program allows you to calculate a set of technical and economic parameters of the cargo terminal operation, in particular, the size of the annual car traffic, the required length of the railway unloading section, as well as annual operating (production) costs and capital costs for the construction of the car unloading section by options.The software product can be useful both in the educational process of secondary and higher education, and in practical business when making business decisions on planning the operation of a cargo terminal.
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Bachurina, Svetlana Samuilovna, and Tat’yana Sergeevna Golosova. "Investment component in bim implementation projects." Vestnik MGSU, no. 2 (February 2016): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2016.2.126-134.
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This article considers building information modeling (BIM) maturity levels as an ability to operate BIM technology both at an individual project and across the enterprise. The main indicator of BIM implementation maturity is the level of technological and organizational changes in a company. 3 levels of BIM maturity according to BIM Task Group are shown. This article shows some basic criteria of effective BIM-technology implementation. The core transformation is process reengineering, which gives a vector to all subsequent changes including conversion of organizational structure and material and technical equipment. In this regard, the early stages of BIM implementation major cost falls on process reengineering, especially on the transition from CAD to BIM. The radical conversion of work processes entails a review of the staff of the company in terms of the structure and qualification. Other types of BIM implementation investments for the subsequent stages of the project consist of the costs on structural changes, staff education, technical provision and infrastructure development. In order to estimate the investment in the process of implementing BIM all of the costs must be presented in monetary equivalent. This process is complicated by the necessity of converting high-quality information and time parameters, so it is advisable to appeal to the expert evaluation of the data. In addition to monetary costs of the implementation process there are some immeasurable ones. It is vital to take into account the losses associated with the absence of employees in the workplace at the time of re-education, as well as the costs of the process of evaluating the effectiveness of BIM.
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Saragih, Susiana, Warjio Warjio, and Adam Adam. "Implementasi Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia Nomor 8 Tahun 2020 di Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri 8 Medan." Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) 4, no. 4 (May 1, 2022): 2369–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.34007/jehss.v4i4.1079.
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Regular School Operational Assistance (BOS) is a central government program to provide funding for operational costs for schools sourced from non- physical special allocation funds, in its implementation technically experiencing problems, including slow BOS management, misuse of the BOS budget, incomplete accountability reports and late data synchronization. SMA Negeri 8 is one of the school as recipients of the Regular School Operational Assistance in the city of Medan.This study aims to identify and analyze the policy implementation of the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia Number 8 of 2020 concerning the Technical Guidelines for Regular School Operational Assistance at SMA Negeri 8 Medan and to find out what factors are obstacles/ obstacles in the implementation of the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture Number 8 Tahun 2020 regarding Regular School Operational Assistance Technical Guidelines.The research method used is a descriptive method with qualitative approach, with the research informants being the Regular BOS Team at SMA Negeri 8 Medan.The theory used is George C Edward III’s public policy theory. The influencing factors are communication, resources, disposition and bureaucratic structure. The results of this study indicate that The implementation of the regulation of the minister of education and culure of the Republic of Indonesia Number 8 of 2022 has been carried out but not yet with optimal results. The succes of policy implementation.
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Piekkola, Hannu. "Intangibles and innovation-labor-biased technical change." Journal of Intellectual Capital 21, no. 5 (June 11, 2020): 649–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jic-10-2019-0241.
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PurposeThis paper analyzes the productivity effects of structural capital such as research and development (R&D) and organizational capital (OC). Innovation work also produces innovation-labor-biased technical change (IBTC) and knowledge spillovers. Analyses use full register-based dataset of Finnish firms for the period 1994–2014 from Statistics Finland.Design/methodology/approachIntangibles are derived from the labor costs of innovation-type occupations using linked employer-employee data. The approach is consistent with National Accounting and offered as one method in OECD (2010) and applied in statistical offices, e.g. in measuring software. The EU 7th framework Innodrive project 2008–2011 extended this method to cover R&D and OC.FindingsMethodology is implementable at firm-level and offers way to link personnel reporting to intangible assets. The OC-IBTC as well as total resources allocated to OC are relevant for productivity growth. The R&D stock is relatively higher but R&D-IBTC is smaller than OC-IBTC. Public policy should, besides technology policy, account for OC and OC-IBTC and related knowledge spillovers in the industries that are most important among the SMEs (low market-share-firms).Research limitations/implicationsThe data are based on remote access to Statistics Finland; the data cannot be disseminated.Originality/valueIntangible assets are measured from innovation work that encompasses not only R&D work. IBTC is proxied in production function estimation by relative compensations on IA work. The non-competing nature of IAs is captured by IA knowledge spillovers. The sample sizes are much higher than in earlier studies on horizontal knowledge spillovers (such as for SMEs,) thus bringing additional generality to the results.
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Rodby, Kara. "Battery deployment in the U.S. faces non-technical barriers." MIT Science Policy Review 3 (August 29, 2022): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.38105/spr.lc6a23w5va.
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Society already possesses an array of technologies that can decarbonize the U.S. power grid, but social, economic, and political barriers may impinge their deployment in the timescales necessary to thoroughly curb climate change. This perspective emphasizes two of the largest barriers specific to battery adoption: cost and materials. Battery costs, particularly for more nascent storage technologies, are generally still prohibitively high, largely due to an inability to overcome small-scale production; we explore an array of political and economic strategies to more rapidly promote deployment and reduce costs. One key contributor to elevated costs is the relatively higher value of essential battery materials. Smaller scale, concentrated supply chains result in materials criticality, which raises prices and challenges rapid scale-up. Here, both technical and economic solutions exist, and some are reviewed in this work. Generally, there is a tension between a company’s competitive advantage (i.e., proprietary design and manufacturing) and more cost-efficient production (i.e., centralization, standardization, etc.), that must be overcome via political and economic incentivization. Ultimately, greater urgency is needed in the public and private investment spaces to combat climate change by enabling the rapid development and deployment of the best solutions.
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Lombardo, Gianfranco, Monica Mordonini, and Michele Tomaiuolo. "Adoption of Social Media in Socio-Technical Systems: A Survey." Information 12, no. 3 (March 18, 2021): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12030132.
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This article describes the current landscape in the fields of social media and socio-technical systems. In particular, it analyzes the different ways in which social media are adopted in organizations, workplaces, educational and smart environments. One interesting aspect of this integration, is the use of social media for members’ participation and access to the processes and services of their organization. Those services cover many different types of daily routines and life activities, such as health, education, transports. In this survey, we compare and classify current research works according to multiple features, including: the use of Social Network Analysis and Social Capital models, users’ motivations for participation and organizational costs, adoption of the social media platform from below. Our results show that many of these current systems are developed without taking into proper consideration the social structures and processes, with some notable and positive exceptions.
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Putra, Tomi Mandala, and Merri Anitasari. "EFISIENSI PENGELUARAN PEMERINTAH BIDANG PENDIDIKAN DI INDONESIA (DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS)." Convergence: The Journal of Economic Development 1, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/convergence-jep.v1i1.10859.
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This study aims to determine the Level of Efficiency in Education Expenditures in 34 provinces in Indonesia. The type of data used in this study is the cross-section data for 2017. The use of budget input as an input variable and student-teacher ratio (RGM) as an output variable. This study uses descriptive analysis with analysis of Data Envelopment Analysis using the assumption of the Return to Scale (VRS) variable and the model used for input (input-oriented) input. The results of this study indicate that the general facts of large provinces in Indonesia are still very few that reach the level of efficiency in technical costs. Already 3 provinces have achieved efficiently. This proves there is still waste in education spending suggestions that can be submitted in this study about the local government to evaluate the use of education which must be adjusted to the number of teacher and student ratios in each region so there is no need to waste and local government can improve. Keywords: Efficiency, Education Expenditures, Data Envelopment Analysis, Cost Technical
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Sarwar Awan, Masood, Mohsin Javed, and Muhammad WaqasWaqas. "Migration, Remittances, and Household Welfare: Evidence from Pakistan." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 20, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 47–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2015.v20.i1.a2.
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This study examines the costs and household-level benefits of overseas migration in Toba Tek Singh, Pakistan. A household survey was conducted to assess the transaction costs associated with the transfer of remittances and the sources used to finance overseas migration. We also carry out a propensity-score matching exercise, which reveals that overseas migration has substantial benefits as measured by migrants’ consumption levels, their expenditures on health, education, and vehicles, and the level of household savings. Policy options to facilitate migration and the transfer of remittances include (i) establishing technical training institutions to help workers upgrade their skills, (ii) information campaigns on the migration process and opportunities available, (iii) setting up institutions to provide loans for potential migrants, (iv) reducing money transfer costs through formal channels, and (v) building awareness of the Pakistan Remittance Initiative.
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Sossou, Comlan Hervé, Freddy Noma, and Jacob A. Yabi. "Rural Credit and Farms Efficiency: Modelling Farmers Credit Allocation Decisions, Evidences from Benin." Economics Research International 2014 (August 28, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/309352.
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This paper analyses farmers’ credit allocation behaviors and their effects on technical efficiency. Data were collected from 476 farmers using the multistage sampling procedure. The stochastic frontier truncated-normal with conditional mean model is used to assess allocation schemes effects on technical efficiency. Tobit model reveals the impact of farmers’ sociodemographic characteristics on efficiency scores. Results reveal that farm revenue (about 2,262,566 Fcfa on average) is positively correlated with land acreage, quantity of labour, and costs of fertilizers and insecticides. Farmers’ behaviors respond to six schemes which are categorized in two allocations contexts: out-farm and in-farm allocations. The model shows that only scheme (e) positively impacts technical efficiency. This scheme refers to the decision to invest credit to purchase better quality of pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers, and so forth. The positive effect of the scheme (c) may be significant under conditions of farmers’ education level improvement. Then, scheme (e) is a better investment for all farmers, but effect of credit allocation to buy agricultural materials is positive only for educated farmers. Efficiency scores are reduced by household size and gender of the household head. Therefore a household with more than 10 members and a woman as head is likely to not be technically efficient.
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Allen, Michael, Joan Sargeant, Eileen MacDougall, and Michelle Proctor-Simms. "Videoconferencing for Continuing Medical Education: From Pilot Project to Sustained Programme." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 8, no. 3 (June 2002): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1357633x0200800302.
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Videoconferencing has been used to provide distance education for medical students, physicians and other health-care professionals, such as nurses, physiotherapists and pharmacists. The Dalhousie University Office of Continuing Medical Education (CME) has used videoconferencing for CME since a pilot project with four sites in 1995–6. Since that pilot project, videoconferencing activity has steadily increased; in the year 1999–2000, a total of 64 videoconferences were provided for 1059 learners in 37 sites. Videoconferencing has been well accepted by faculty staff and by learners, as it enables them to provide and receive CME without travelling long distances. The key components of the development of the videoconferencing programme include planning, scheduling, faculty support, technical support and evaluation. Evaluation enables the effect of videoconferencing on other CME activities, and costs, to be measured.
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Holder-Webb, Lori, and Mark Kohlbeck. "The Hole in the Doughnut: Accounting for Acquired Intangibles at Krispy Kreme." Issues in Accounting Education 21, no. 3 (August 1, 2006): 297–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace.2006.21.3.297.
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Krispy Kreme Doughnuts, Inc. used a 2000 initial public offering (IPO) to embark on an active expansion and franchise reacquisition program. This case focuses on this high-visibility franchise reacquisition program and several associated and highly controversial accounting issues, and provides an opportunity to examine numerous technical and conceptual issues in a real-world setting. In the case, you will encounter a variety of financial reporting issues—from identification and valuation of uncommon intangible assets in Part 1, to acquisition accounting, purchase-price allocations, contingent consideration, exit costs, executive compensation, and loan impairments in Part 2. The case is appropriate for use in intermediate and advanced accounting courses.
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Дочкин, Сергей, and Sergey Dochkin. "IMPLEMENTATION OF OPEN ONLINE COURSES IN SUPPLEMENTARY PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Humanities and Social Sciences 2017, no. 3 (October 25, 2017): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2542-1840-2017-3-4-8.
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The current paper features some aspects of online courses in higher professional and supplementary professional education. Online courses have recently become popular and are already considered as a sufficiently effective tool in specialist training. According to the analysis performed, the method, for all its attractiveness and novelty, has a number of significant shortcomings that make it difficult to use it in the Russian education, such as non-compliance with training standards, complexity of managed education, difficulties in monitoring the achievements of trainees and monitoring their effectiveness, high costs at the stage of implementation and development. There are several areas of activity that could at least partially solve the identified problems: methodically substantiated and gradual integration of existing training programs and online courses, systematic and consistent training of pedagogical staff and technical specialists capable of providing professional development of such content, creating joint online courses in various formats, implementation of network interaction of educational organizations, able to integrate existing resourses to solve these problems.
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Ashirbekova, D. A., and G. Zh Nurmukhanova. "Influence of the coronavirus pandemic on the financial mechanisms of Kazakhstani universities." Bulletin of "Turan" University, no. 2 (June 13, 2021): 224–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.46914/1562-2959-2021-1-2-224-230.
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This article examines the process of transition of the higher education system to distance learning in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the uniform transition to distance learning, higher education institutions differ in the strategy of its organization. As a result, an analysis was made of the country's higher educational institutions and the measures they have taken to transfer teachers and students to online education. The analysis highlighted a number of challenges faced by higher education institutions during the transition to a new format of distance learning, including the lack of infrastructure and material and technical base, difficulties in adapting training materials to the new format, lack of staff qualifications and experience of remote work. Taking into account the above problems, the pandemic showed the need for additional budgetary funds for the development of a digital educational environment, professional development of the teaching staff, as well as for the creation of jobs at universities for students who lost their jobs during the crisis, which allowed them to pay for tuition and related costs. Thus, given all the abovementioned difficulties in the transition to distance learning, for the full functioning of higher education institutions and to prevent a potential increase in unemployment, an increase in costs is necessary. This article also discusses proposals on the need to make appropriate changes in management and financial models in the field of education.
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Mupita, Jonah, Ade Gafar Abdullah, and Frank Bünning. "Flipping the Technical and Vocational Classroom for Increased Instructional Outcomes." Innovation of Vocational Technology Education 16, no. 1 (March 4, 2020): 11–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/invotec.v16i1.23510.
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Higher learning institutions are under immense pressure to evolve within the realms of the fourth industrial revolution. Training institutions are anticipated to minimize learning costs in the face of increasing enrolments. The flipped classroom model is a suitable instructional pedagogy to achieve institutional goals considering the current ubiquitousness of information and communication technology. The systematic review was aimed at summarizing and identifying research gaps that help inform future research trajectories. The 3-step review process was composed of articles searching and retrieval, filtering and sorting, and final inclusion. Identified empirical articles were; i.) Retrieved and summarized on the basis of tittles, abstracts, methods and basic findings, ii.) Filtered and sorted on the basis of study discipline, and iii.) Synthesized on the basis of basic findings. It was found that the flipped classroom improved academic performance to a limited extent. Most articles unanimously concurred that the flipped classroom model makes learning enjoyable and enables the development of lower order cognitive skills outside class and higher order cognitive skills through F2F (face to face) active learning. The success of the model in higher education is hinged on excellent planning, implementation and evaluation.
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Wright, Ewan, and Hugo Horta. "Higher education participation in “high-income” universal higher education systems." Asian Education and Development Studies 7, no. 2 (April 9, 2018): 184–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-07-2017-0061.
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Purpose Global participation in higher education has expanded greatly since the late twentieth century. The implications for the cultural, social, and economic fabric of societies have been substantial. To explain transitions from elite to mass higher education systems, theoretical insights from Technical-functionalism, Neo-institutionalism, World Academic System, and Credentialism perspectives have been put forward. It is the contention of this paper that there are emerging and complementary factors driving steadily growing participation in “high-income” universal higher education systems. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach With reference to Ulrich Beck’s concept of the “risk society”, it is discussed how higher education participation is increasingly a response by young people (and their families) seeking to mitigate heightened instability in work and employment under a “risk regime”. Publicly available data from national and supra-national organisations are used to evidence trends and support the arguments put forward by this paper. Findings Participation is perceived as quasi-compulsory to “survive” amid concern that those without higher education attainment are being “left behind” in modern labour markets. This environment has contributed to more students from more diverse backgrounds viewing higher education as the only viable option to secure a livelihood regardless of rising private costs of participation and rising uncertainty over graduate employment outcomes. The expansion of higher education has therefore potentially developed a self-perpetuating dynamic as the perceived cost of non-participation escalates. Originality/value It is shown that to better understand higher education participation in “high-income” countries with universal higher education systems, one needs to consider the conceptual idea of “survivalism”, that underlines risk and the vulnerabilities of modern societies.
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Lesnikova, М. V. "Statistical Studies of Problems of the Development of Professional-Technical Education in Ukraine." Statistics of Ukraine, no. 4(79) (December 20, 2017): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31767/su.4(79).2017.04.07.
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The national system for workforce training in professional-technical education institutions (PTEI) fulfill less than the third part of its key tasks: supply of the domestic economy with the skilled staff in conformity with the labor market needs, balancing of demand and supply of the workforce with due consideration to priority areas of the economic development. The main source of data on the labor market is statistical information collected by the State Employment Service. According to experts, the State Employment Service does not adequately provide the real picture across the labor market, because it administers mostly vacancies with low salary rates or ones not demanding high professional qualifications.
Considering the above said, modernization of the education statistics on professional-technical education (PTE) is greatly important as a means for regulating interactions between the market of education services and the labor market. As of 01.01.2017, the PTEI network covered 810 education institutions (not including PTEI in Donetsk and Luhansk regions, located in the antiterrorist operation area), with quite even distribution of PTE institutions across the regions. Drawbacks of the professional education system, not properly adapted to future needs of the domestic economy, resulted in low competitiveness of most part of the youth at the labor market due to lack of professional competencies or lack of the required qualifications and skills. The scopes and professional and qualifications structures of professional training in PTE I are, by large, do not correspond with the employers’ needs. The main indicator reflecting the correspondence of the scopes and the professional and qualifications structure of PTEI graduates to the needs of domestic labor market is the integral coefficient of balance between demand and supply of the workforce trained in PTEI.
The key components in the new model for statistical reporting on PTE are as follows: setting the conformity between the nomenclature of definitions (terms) for statistical reporting forms on PTE with definitions (terms) adopted in the Law of Ukraine “On Education”; inclusion of the indicator on PTE costs, by profession (or groups of professions) and source of financing; inclusion of the indicators reflecting the observance of PTE standards for persons with special needs, considering their individual mental, intellectual, physical and sensor abilities. The essential mechanisms for solutions of problems related with PTE development in Ukraine involve building up the institutional framework to implement the new innovative model for regulation of professional training by the principle of public-private-government partnership, i. e. engaging all the resources available with stakeholders and their as more extensive as possible adaptation of foreign (international) approaches and analogues that have proved their durable effectiveness.
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Oakes, Jeannie, Amy Stuart Wells, Makeba Jones, and Amanda Datnow. "Detracking: The Social Construction of Ability, Cultural Politics, and Resistance to Reform." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 98, no. 3 (March 1997): 482–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146819709800305.
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Structural changes necessary in detracking efforts challenge not only the technical dimensions of schooling, but also the normative and political dimensions. We argue that detracking reform confronts fundamental issues of power, control, and legitimacy that are played out in ideological struggles over the meaning of knowledge, intelligence, ability, and merit. This article presents results from a three-year longitudinal case study of ten racially and socioeconomically mixed secondary schools participating in detracking reform. We connect prevailing norms about race and social class that inform educators’, parents’, and students’ conceptions of intelligence, ability, and giftedness with the local political context of detracking. By examining these ideological aspects of detracking we make a case for reexamining common presumptions that resistance to policies providing greater opportunities to low-income and minority children is driven by rational estimates of the learning costs and benefits associated with such reforms.
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Duong, Buu Hoang, Tram Thi Mai Tran, and An Van Vu Nguyen. "COMPARING TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF TRADITIONAL FLOODING AND DRIP IRRIGATION TECHNIQUES IN WATERMELON PRODUCTION IN TRA VINH PROVINCE." Scientific Journal of Tra Vinh University 1, no. 27 (June 19, 2019): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.35382/18594816.1.27.2017.127.
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This article aims to compare the technical efficiency between two irrigation systems: traditional flooding and drip irrigation in watermelon production in Tra Vinh province, thereby recommending a more efficient farming model. This paper uses descriptive statistics, SFA and multivariable regression based on primary datacollected from 160 farmers applying these two irrigation models in Cau Ngang and Duyen Hai districts. The study found that the cost of plant variety, the amount of phosphorus, costs for post-harvesting, labor and irrigation affected the productivity of watermelon in the traditional flooding irrigation model; whereas the amount of potassium, the amount of phosphorus and cost of plant variety were factors affecting the productivity of watermelon in the drip irrigation model. Theresults also showed that producers applying the drip irrigation model achieved higher technical efficiency. The average efficiency levels achieved were 79,47% and 86,03% in the traditional flooding irrigation and drip irrigation respectively. In addition, the factors affecting the income of farmers in the traditional flooding irrigation model included household labor, loans, the amount of phosphorus, the amount of potassium, and cost of pesticides and irrigation. Meanwhile, the income of farmers in the drip irrigation model was affected by education, training, costs for post-harvesting and loans.
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Smet, Mike. "Multi-product cost functions: An application to the production characteristics of secondary education in Flanders." Recherches économiques de Louvain 64, no. 4 (1998): 407–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0770451800031663.
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SummaryThis study estimates two multi-product cost functions for the entire population of 773 Flemish secondary schools supplying a six-year study program. From the estimated parameters of a quadratic and a generalised translog cost function the degree of ray and product specific (dis)economies of scale as well as the degree of (dis)economies of scope is determined. The paper also describes how marginal costs and cost elasticities can be derived. Three major study fields can be distinguished. Student loads in each of these study fields are used as output variables. Evidence is found for ray economies of scale and global economies of scope. Especially in technical education product specific economies of scale could be realised. Cost savings by supplying two study fields jointly (pairwise scope effects) are also considerable.
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Burhansyah, Rusli. "EFISIENSI TEKNIS USAHATANI PADI TADAH HUJAN DI KAWASAN PERBATASAN KABUPATEN SAMBAS DENGAN PENDEKATAN STOCHASTIC FRONTIER FUNGSI PRODUKSI (KASUS DI DESA SEBUBUS, KECAMATAN PALOH)." Informatika Pertanian 25, no. 2 (December 6, 2016): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/ip.v25n2.2016.p163-170.
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Development of rice for food self-sufficiency in the border region of Sambas regency is quite prospective. However, in the District Paloh rice productivity is still relatively low, allegedly due to inefficiency in the use of inputs. The aim of this study was to analyze the efficiency and income of rice farming in the village of Sebubus, Paloh district. The research method used was stohastic frontier of production function with OLS and Maximum likelihood (MLE). The study was conducted in the village Sebubus, District Paloh between May - June 2014. Sampling was done with Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling. The data used was the cross section data obtained from interviews of 120 rice farmers. The Stohastic frontier of production function analysis was performed using the Cobb-Douglas models. The results showed that land, N fertilizer and K fertilizer significantly affected rice production at 95% confidence level. The results also showed that rainfed rice paddy was relatively efficient technically (mean efficiency of 0,81). Age of farmers was a source of technical inefficiency that significantly could improve technical efficiency. Characteristics of farmers such as age, education and experience could help farmers improve their technical efficiency of rice production. Rainfed rice farming in the village Sebubus was relatively favorable (profit of USD 4,099,582.50) and viable (the value of R/C ratio above 2,84 cash costs and the value of R/C ratio on total cost of $ 2,29).
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Gouvea da Silva, Carlos Alexandre, Edson Leonardo dos Santos, and Douglas Antonio Firmino Pelacini. "Evaluation of Academic Experience in Learning Education over Simulators Softwares." International Journal on Alive Engineering Education 5, no. 2 (December 28, 2018): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5216/ijaeedu.v5i2.54716.
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This article presents an overview of simulated education through computational tools. In recent years, educational institutions have been working even harder in the application of virtual teaching and learning environments, which are available to different undergraduate and technical courses. During the learning process, the student is invited to try out some forms of different subjects and learning contents. The use of technologies gained a great deal of space in these institutions in order to allow students to experiment different theories in practical settings. Simulators allow students to conduct hands-on experiments without the need for real environments, which consequently generates costs and also a planning effort. This paper presents a study of the application of software simulators in different technological courses. After the application of the simulators, the students were invited to answer a Quiz in order to understand the effectiveness of the use of the simulators in the learning of each one. Results show that students considered the use of simulators to be advantageous and important, but it is still not enough to suppress the use of practical classes in real environments.
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Grotlüschen, Anke, Klaus Buddeberg, Alina Redmer, Harald Ansen, and Jesper Dannath. "Vulnerable Subgroups and Numeracy Practices: How Poverty, Debt, and Unemployment Relate to Everyday Numeracy Practices." Adult Education Quarterly 69, no. 4 (April 11, 2019): 251–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0741713619841132.
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Adult numeracy is underresearched especially regarding numeracy practices. Research shows general correlations between numeracy skills and the use of these skills, indicating that low proficient groups use their skills less often than others do. Earlier research also shows correlations of low numeracy skills and practices with low income. Both results feed stereotypes that vulnerable subgroups—with low numeracy proficiency or a low monthly budget—would not calculate much and this would even cause their complicated income situation. Findings of this article show that the tighter the budget is the more likely vulnerable subgroups are to monitor it by frequent calculations of prices, costs, or budgets. This article connects representative Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies data from the German data set with a local sample of people with lowest income. Findings show that vulnerable subgroups calculate more often than other parts of the population, but they mostly do without technical devices.
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Susanto, Triana, and Suhartono Suhartono. "The Effectiveness Of School Operational Assistance Program Implementation In Improving Teacher Performance And Education Quality In Elementary Schools." Jurnal Pendidikan Terbuka Dan Jarak Jauh 23, no. 1 (June 21, 2022): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33830/ptjj.v23i1.3228.2022.
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School Operational Assistance (BOS) is an Indonesian government program that aims to provide funding for operational costs for basic educations as a part of compulsory education programs. The research was conducted to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of the BOS program in improving teaching performance and education quality. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach by using informants, including school principals, school treasurers, teachers, and school committees. Informants were selected by using purposive sampling technique and carried out to obtain data and produced an analysis of the field phenomena regarding the BOS program using the GOEM (Goal Oriented Evaluation Model) evaluation model. Indicator instruments include the preparation, structure, distribution, use, monitoring, reporting. The results showed that: (1) In general, the effectiveness of the implementation of the BOS program in the Kedu sub-district was appropriate in accordance with the BOS technical guidelines. (2) The effectiveness of the current use of the BOS fund program was less effective in improving teaching performance in pedagogic competence because BOS funds were not well targeted. In conclusion, innovative strategy is needed to improve learning programs as a the main targets.
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Rahman, Afzalur. "Mapping the Efficacy of Artificial Intelligence-based Online Proctored Examination (OPE) in Higher Education during COVID-19: Evidence from Assam, India." International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research 21, no. 9 (September 30, 2022): 76–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.21.9.5.
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The COVID-19-induced lockdown forced education institutes to use different synchronous and asynchronous assessment techniques. The present study is a case investigation of the Artificial Intelligence-based Online Proctored Examination (OPE) adopted by Nowgong College (Autonomous), Assam, India, during the COVID-19 pandemic. It follows a hybrid approach to understand the OPE mechanisms; to consider challenges faced therein; to assess its efficacy based on students’ perception and satisfaction; and finally, to ascertain the perceived issues and concerns of students. Information from multiple sources was gathered including semi-structured interview with representatives of the exam controlling body, document analysis, observation and a survey of 209 randomly selected students; different parameters of OPE, constructed as per the attributes of Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovation Theory (DOI), were considered. The qualitative data were analysed thematically, while the quantitative data were analysed according to frequency, percentage, mean, sd and one sample t-test. The results revealed that additional costs, lack of compatible devices, low bandwidth in rural areas, technical inability of students are the major challenges in implementing OPE successfully. Students’ perception of OPE was found to be significantly positive and the sampled students were significantly satisfied with their overall experiences in OPE. However, students were found to be significantly negative and reluctant about its future use, as they experienced various technical and financial issues, and were concerned about the environmental and psychological aspects. Thus, the insights from this study yield significant implications for stakeholders, which could assist in ensuring a robust and scalable OPE in the future.
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Onwodi, Greg. "Towards Improving System Functionality Through the Technical Analysis of Learning Management Systems." Advances in Multidisciplinary and scientific Research Journal Publication 7, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/aims/v7n2p6.
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At the moment, the online education system is taking on new dimensions. The need for a platform that will harmoniously combine modern functionality and ease of use is increasing. Creating electronic platforms using the latest technical developments allows you to organize high-quality online education. This research provides an overview of the platforms, namely: "Moodle", "Black board","Canvas”, "iSpring Learn" etc. All these platforms often provide similar features and users can hardly choose the most appropriate for them. Learning management systems have become increasingly attractive in recent times. These services have a large target audience and high demand in the field of online education. They can be used for both full-time and part-time training, storing course information, tests, and lectures, as well as monitoring training progress and maintaining reports. The research considered the advantages and disadvantages of each service, compare the platforms by a number of characteristics, namely: usability, mobility of the system (deployment system without the involvement of specialists), the presence of the built-in editor of the course, the availability of video conferencing, the availability of core functionality, additional functionality, support of various kinds of file extensions, the flexibility of the system, the availability of mobile applications, costs when using the platform. These aspects are the main ones when choosing a platform, as they are key when using online learning services. This theoretical research discusses several potential Learning Management Systems that can be utilized for teaching and learning processes in the context of institutions, organisations and businesses example Moodle, Canvas, Blackboard etc. The comparison is made based on literature reviews, analysis and interviews on the characteristics of the selected LMS providers. Among the characteristics considered are flexibility, ease of use, accessibility, and user-friendliness. This research also provides some recommendations on the selection of the platforms to be adopted. Keywords: Learning, Mmanagement, Ssystems, Learning Management System, e-learning, Online Learning, Institutions, Businesses, Organisations, ICTs
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Rusbridge, Adam, and Seamus Ross. "The UK LOCKSS Pilot Programme: A Perspective from the LOCKSS Technical Support Service." International Journal of Digital Curation 2, no. 2 (December 2, 2008): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ijdc.v2i2.34.
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Over the last decade libraries have increasingly shifted journal access from print to digital. The preference of users for online content, the demand of readers for a broader range of content, and the rising costs of library shelf space all contributed to bringing about this change. A variety of approaches has emerged to support access to these digital journals. The common ones require libraries to access content through publishers, which invariably means libraries lose long-term control of the journals to which they have subscribed. As an alternative, the Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe (LOCKSS) approach enables libraries to regain custody of journal assets while maintaining the access and licence terms stipulated by the publisher. This article describes the UK LOCKSS Pilot Programme; a two-year JISC/CURL (Joint Information Systems Committee/Consortium of Research Libraries in the British Isles)-funded initiative to explore issues associated with the practical implementation of LOCKSS in the UK Higher Education institutions. It examines the pilot from the perspective of the LOCKSS Technical Support Service, a core component of the Pilot Programme.
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Lu, Jing, Chad Laux, and Jiju Antony. "Lean Six Sigma leadership in higher education institutions." International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 66, no. 5 (June 12, 2017): 638–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijppm-09-2016-0195.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to critically evaluate whether a Lean Six Sigma (LSS) leadership model could be effectively utilized to resolve efficiency and effective issues like rising costs, quality of education, graduation and retention rates encountered in higher education institutions (HEIs) in the modern era. Design/methodology/approach The authors systematically reviewed the literature on key concepts of LSS and leadership in HEIs in to develop a theoretical model using an inductive theory-building approach in accordance with the exploratory nature of the study. Findings The results of the study proposed a conceptual LSS leadership framework, which provides a basis for testing of LSS leadership representations in HEIs. The results suggest that LSS leadership has advantages for HEI to overcome currents issues and challenges. Research limitations/implications This research is a theoretical study based on the existing literature that identified characteristics that may be adopted in higher education. The proposed LSS leadership framework is based upon leadership, statistical thinking, continuous change and improvement. This model is based upon service and the concepts of adaptive, rather than technical work, of leaders in higher education. Practical implications The proposed LSS leadership framework brings new aspects and perspectives of leadership in HEIs. LSS leadership model has its practical meaning in providing a fundamental base for HEIs to overcome challenges, fulfill missions, and sustain improvements. Social implications HEIs are a foundation for principles of democracy, equality and diversity. HEIs have been a path for citizens but HEIs are facing challenges that are reducing the ability of individuals to improve themselves. Leadership of HEI needs to incorporate new principles to adapt to a changing society. Originality/value LSS project leaders have achieved improved bottom line results and customer satisfaction in a wide range of industries, but LSS application in the HEIs remains to be explored. This paper proposes an effective LSS leadership model, which can help improve the quality of education, reduce non-value added costs and enhance operational efficiency of HEIs.
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Baree, MA. "Measuring Technical Efficiency of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Farms in Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 37, no. 1 (July 11, 2012): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i1.11191.
Full textAbstract:
An attempt was made to determine the overall farm-specific technical efficiency or inefficiency of onion farms of Bangladesh. Farm-level data were used for the estimation of the parameters of Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production function. The model for technical inefficiency effects in the stochastic frontier included age, experience, education, and farm size. The elasticity of output with respect to land, labour, and capital cost was estimated to be positive values of 0.3026, 0.0718, and 0.0442, respectively, and also significant. With respect to seed and irrigation, it was found to be insignificant with negative values of 0.0045 and 0.0007. It indicates that per hectare yield of onion decreases if the amount of seed and irrigation hour increase. The coefficients of age, experience, and farm size were significant with expected negative signs, which means that the inefficiency effects in onion production decreases with increase in age, experience, and farm size. The technical efficiency of onion farms varied from 58% to 99% with mean value of 83%. It denotes that there is a scope to increase output per hectare of onion farm by 17% through the efficient use of production technology without incurring any additional costs. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i1.11191 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(1): 171-178, March 2012
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Chomyim, Chiraphorn, Settachai Chaisanit, and Apichai Trangansri. "Low Cost Mobile Robot Kits Design as a Teaching Tool for Education and Research." Applied Mechanics and Materials 752-753 (April 2015): 1010–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.752-753.1010.
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Robot technology is important for students to be able to work in 21st century and to share technical knowhow. Learning robot technology is very difficult because the high costs of hardware equipment; it was used mainly in the hi-tech subject’s area such as military affairs, space, medicine, engineering, etc. With the improvements and developments of technology, Robot technology is now open for the general public’s use. In basic education, it is also more and more popular to use robot when teaching science, physics, technology, etc. Unfortunately, the robot equipment also still high costs. This project concentrates on the design and develops a low cost mobile robot kits as a teaching tool for education and research. In this project we developed a tool that will help students to understand technology based on mobile robotics technology and electronic engineering. The robot kit in this project was designed to create modular systems, considering assembly requirements of different types of objects as well as various user activities. Each module of the robot kit takes care of a core function required to operate automata. The modules help students build kinetic sculptures quickly and easily, eliminating the need for unsafe tasks such as soldering. Further, the features of this robot kit can be expanded to allow integration with programming modular and multimedia programming environment, making it possible to develop more creative automata for improve education and research forward.
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Kobdikova, Zh, A. Belegova, M. Bulakbaeva, and A. Tolkynbaeva. "Innovative teaching technologies in higher educational institutions." Pedagogy and Psychology 49, no. 4 (December 15, 2021): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2021-4.2077-6861.10.
Full textAbstract:
The article provides a theoretical analysis and generalization of the data of scientific publications on the process of technologization of education at the university, improving the quality of education, rethinking the relationship between the subjects of education, optimizing material and technical costs. Various views of scientists on the definition of the concept of pedagogical technology are given. Shows the differences between teaching technologies and interactive teaching methods, ways to improve and measure the quality of teaching based on the introduction of the educational technology “Three-dimensional methodical teaching system (TMTS)” into the educational process. Criteria for assessing student achievement (level of competence) based on the qualimetric approach are described. Effective ways of solving such topical issues as: tracking the trajectory of a student's development through monitoring their educational achievements within the studied disciplines, identifying gifted students and creating conditions for their independent development are recommended.
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Kobdikova, Zh, A. Belegova, M. Bulakbaeva, and A. Tolkynbaeva. "Innovative teaching technologies in higher educational institutions." Pedagogy and Psychology 49, no. 4 (December 15, 2021): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2021-4.2077-6861.10.
Full textAbstract:
The article provides a theoretical analysis and generalization of the data of scientific publications on the process of technologization of education at the university, improving the quality of education, rethinking the relationship between the subjects of education, optimizing material and technical costs. Various views of scientists on the definition of the concept of pedagogical technology are given. Shows the differences between teaching technologies and interactive teaching methods, ways to improve and measure the quality of teaching based on the introduction of the educational technology “Three-dimensional methodical teaching system (TMTS)” into the educational process. Criteria for assessing student achievement (level of competence) based on the qualimetric approach are described. Effective ways of solving such topical issues as: tracking the trajectory of a student's development through monitoring their educational achievements within the studied disciplines, identifying gifted students and creating conditions for their independent development are recommended.