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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Technical division of labor'

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Published: 23 September 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Mahrez, Saïd. "Division technique, division cognitive : une mise en perspective historique et théorique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010022.

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La thèse a pour objet de caractériser les concepts de division technique et cognitive du travail et vise également à mettre en évidence la montée de la dimension cognitive du travail dans les activités situées au cœur du processus de création de valeur, notamment dans l’industrie manufacturière postfordiste. Elle met l’accent sur les transformations historiques de la division technique du travail, qui ont caractérisé l’évolution du capitalisme industriel et sur la position relativement hégémonique de ses principes dans l’organisation de l’industrie manufacturière durant la période des Trente Glorieuses. Puis, elle insiste sur l’émergence d’un nouveau modèle d’organisation du travail qui a caractérisé le capitalisme contemporain durant la période postfordiste. Ainsi, avec l’avènement du capitalisme cognitif, l’accent est mis sur la montée en puissance des principes de la division cognitive du travail, dans l’organisation de l’industrie manufacturière postfordiste et cela au détriment des principes de la division technique du travail, qui perdent leur position dans l’organisation du travail. Des faits stylisés ont été mobilisé pour justifier cette tendance au développement des principes de la division cognitive du travail, dans l’industrie manufacturière postfordiste
This thesis has for object to characterize the concepts of technical and cognitive division of the work and also aims at highlighting the rise of the cognitive dimension of the work in the activities situated at the heart of the process of value creation, in particular in the postfordiste manufacturing industry. She emphasizes the historic transformations of the technical division of the work, which characterized the evolution of the industrial capitalism on the relatively hegemonic position of its principles in the organization of the manufacturing industry during the period Thirty Glorious. Then, she insists on the emergence of a new model of organization of the work which characterized the contemporary capitalism during period postfordiste. So, with the succession of the cognitive capitalism, the accent is put on the increase in importance of the principles of the cognitive division of the work, in the organization of the manufacturing industry postfordiste and in to the detriment of the principles of the technical division of the work, which lose their position in the organization of the work. Stylized fact was mobilized for justifying this trend to the development of the principles of the cognitive division of the work, in the postfordiste manufacturing industry
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2

Tsukumo, Taís Jamra. "O desenho de obra e a produção de arquitetura." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16132/tde-20012010-103449/.

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Esta dissertação trata do desenho de obra, tomado como um meio de aproximação aos processos de produção do projeto e da obra e às relações que se estabelecem entre eles. O desenho de obra é proposto como objeto de pesquisa, sobretudo, por representar mediação entre momentos e instâncias de concepção e de execução na produção do espaço, constituindo fruto do processo de projeto que orienta a construção em canteiro. A partir de aproximações teóricas ao desenho de obra, que o situam como instrumento técnico no modo de produção, foi estudado seu uso ao longo da história. Procurou-se entender os processos que engendraram a separação entre instâncias distintas de concepção e de execução na produção de arquitetura, determinados por uma crescente divisão do trabalho. Essas aproximações teóricas e históricas fundamentam as questões que guiaram a observação do trabalho e as conversas com os agentes de projeto e de obra em quatro situações concretas de canteiros de obras residenciais em São Paulo. As análises sobre essas situações buscam compreender as determinações recíprocas entre os processos de produção do projeto e da obra e suas implicações para o desenho de obra e para a produção de arquitetura.
The present dissertation discusses the building-work drawing, addressed as a means of approaching the production process of design and the building-works, as well as the relations established between them. The building-work drawing is proposed as the research object, especially because it represents the mediation between moments and instances of conception and of construction in the production of space, and constitutes the result of the process of design that guides the construction in the building site. The use of building-work drawing was studied along history, starting from theoretical approaches that situate it as technical instrument in the mode of production. It aimed at understanding the processes that engendered the separation between distinct instances of conception and of construction in the production of architecture, determined by an increasing division of labor. These theoretical and historical approaches support the questions that guided the observation of the labor activities and the conversations with the agents of projects and works in four specific situations of residential building sites in São Paulo. The analysis of these cases seeks to understand the reciprocal determinations between the production process of the design and the building-work, and its implications for the building-work drawing and the production of architecture.
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3

Pietrzyk, Ulrike, Sarah Rodehacke, and Winfried Hacker. "Division of Labour and Self-Reported Mental Requirements in Human Services: Retail Sale Jobs." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-165346.

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Significant associations between self-reported “whole units” of work and self-reported mental task requirements as well as personal outcomes are well known. Also of interest is, however, whether a significant association also exists between the underlying objective assignment of tasks, i.e. the division of labour, and self-reported mental requirements. Such an association would represent a concrete starting point for job design or redesign. We analyzed this question for retail sale jobs as an example of the numerous human service jobs, which usually consist of customer- and object-centred tasks. The study (N = 558 employees) evaluated the potential association between documented assignments of customer-centred and goods-centred activities and employees’ perceived mental requirements, skill utilisation, and learning on the job, as well as mental difficulties. A significant association of moderate effect size between the objective division of labour and self-reported mental job requirements was shown. Theoretical and practical consequences of this association are also discussed.
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4

Pietrzyk, Ulrike, Sarah Rodehacke, and Winfried Hacker. "Division of Labour and Self-Reported Mental Requirements in Human Services: Retail Sale Jobs." Scientific Research Publishing Inc, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A28674.

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Significant associations between self-reported “whole units” of work and self-reported mental task requirements as well as personal outcomes are well known. Also of interest is, however, whether a significant association also exists between the underlying objective assignment of tasks, i.e. the division of labour, and self-reported mental requirements. Such an association would represent a concrete starting point for job design or redesign. We analyzed this question for retail sale jobs as an example of the numerous human service jobs, which usually consist of customer- and object-centred tasks. The study (N = 558 employees) evaluated the potential association between documented assignments of customer-centred and goods-centred activities and employees’ perceived mental requirements, skill utilisation, and learning on the job, as well as mental difficulties. A significant association of moderate effect size between the objective division of labour and self-reported mental job requirements was shown. Theoretical and practical consequences of this association are also discussed.
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5

Liff, S. T. "Occupational sex-typing : sexual and technical divisions of labour." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356437.

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6

Voloshchuk. "UKRAINIAN PARTICIPATION IN THE LABOR INTERNATIONAL DIVISION." Thesis, Київ 2018, 2018. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/33926.

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7

Alves, Sandra Priscila. "O circuito espacial da produ??o petrol?fera no Rio Grande do Norte." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18939.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:10:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SandraPA_DISSERT_.pdf: 6038687 bytes, checksum: 3a64b39d14e021c1abe47d90598f9430 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-22
Our study refers to the state of Rio Grande do Norte against the deployment of oil activity in their territory. In this sense the aim of this work was to analyze the presence of the loop space of the oil production system linked to objects and actions on the Rio Grande do Norte territory. From the so-called "oil shock", an event that caused global developments in several countries, Petr?leo Brasileiro S/A (PETROBRAS) increased investments in drilling geological basins in Brazil. In the year 1973 was drilled in the sea area well which led to commercial production of oil and gas in Rio Grande do Norte. From that point on were added in some parts of the Potiguar territory, large systems of coupled objects to actions caused by several agents. In this context, geographic situations have been reorganized due to an unprecedented space circuit production accompanied by a new circle of cooperation. In the state happen all instances of the circuit: the production, distribution and consumption. In light of the theory of the geographical area seek to direct our thoughts to the operation of these bodies, and they are linked to material and immaterial flows multiscales. This perspective allows us to think the territory of Rio Grande do Norte entered into a new territorial division of labor characterized by specialization regional production. Oil activity was implemented in the territory of Rio Grande do Norte at a time marked by productive restructuring of various economic sectors. The oil sector has been acting increasingly linked the scientific and informational, with a view to increasing productivity. The presence of this circuit demanded the territory, specifically the Mossor?, an organizational structure that is different from the vast system nationally integrated private commercial corporations to small corporations, all of them relating directly or indirectly to PETROBRAS. The flows between companies whose headquarters are located in distant states and even countries have generated a continuous movement of goods, people, information and ideas, which is also causing new materialities in the territory
Nosso estudo se remete ao estado do Rio Grande do Norte frente ? implanta??o da atividade petrol?fera em seu territ?rio. Nesse sentido o objetivo geral do trabalho consistiu em analisar a presen?a do circuito espacial da produ??o petrol?fera vinculado ao sistema de objetos e de a??es presentes no territ?rio norte-rio-grandense. A partir do chamado choque do petr?leo , acontecimento mundial que causou desdobramentos em v?rios pa?ses, a Petr?leo Brasileiro S/A (PETROBRAS) aumentou os investimentos em perfura??es nas bacias geol?gicas brasileiras. No ano de 1973 foi perfurado em ?rea mar?tima o po?o que deu origem ? produ??o comercial de petr?leo e g?s no Rio Grande do Norte. Desse momento em diante foram acrescentados em algumas parcelas do territ?rio potiguar, grandes sistemas de objetos, juntamente, ?s a??es provocadas por agentes diversos. Nesse contexto, situa??es geogr?ficas foram reorganizadas em fun??o de um in?dito circuito espacial de produ??o acompanhado de um novo c?rculo de coopera??o. No estado acontecem todas as inst?ncias do circuito: a produ??o, a distribui??o e o consumo. ? luz da teoria do espa?o geogr?fico procuramos direcionar as nossas reflex?es ao funcionamento destas inst?ncias, estando elas ligadas a fluxos materiais e imateriais multiescalares. Essa perspectiva nos autoriza a pensar o territ?rio norte-rio-grandense inserido em uma nova divis?o territorial do trabalho marcada pela especializa??o regional produtiva. A atividade petrol?fera implantou-se no territ?rio norte-rio-grandense em um momento marcado pela reestrutura??o produtiva de diversos segmentos econ?micos. O setor petrol?fero passou a atuar cada vez mais atrelado ?s bases cient?ficas e informacionais, tendo em vista o aumento da produtividade. A presen?a desse circuito demandou ao territ?rio, mais especificamente a Mossor?, uma diversa estrutura organizacional que ocorre desde o vasto sistema nacionalmente integrado de corpora??es comerciais privadas at? as pequenas empresas, todas elas relacionando-se diretamente ou indiretamente com a PETROBRAS. Os fluxos entre empresas, cujas sedes localizam-se em estados e mesmo pa?ses distantes, t?m gerado um movimento cont?nuo de produtos, pessoas, informa??es e ideias, o que vem provocando tamb?m novas materialidades no territ?rio
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8

Cook, Randal James. "ENVIRONMENTAL INTERNSHIP-ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT, INC. TECHNICAL SERVICES DIVISION." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1094138195.

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9

Newman, Jackie. "Factors determind [sic] attrition in high wage technical fields at Western Wisconsin Technical College plan B paper." Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000/2000newmanj.pdf.

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10

Moore, Deborah Lynn. "The household division of labor in Hokkaido, Japan /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148793235105769.

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11

Kim, Carol Synae. "Division of Labor and Marital Quality in Russia." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3026.

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This study examined whether investigation of the linkages between division of labor and marital quality would produce the same results in Russia that have been found in the U.S. Russian couples (n = 172) participated in the study by answering three packets of questionnaires. The Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale was used to measure each partner's rating of their levels of satisfaction with their marital relationship and their spouse. The results from the structural equation models indicated that the more the wives perceived themselves doing more and expressed dissatisfaction of their spouse's contribution to child care tasks and apartment maintenance, the lower were their levels of marital satisfaction. Also, the more the wives perceived themselves doing more and expressed dissatisfaction with their spouse's contribution to household chores and apartment maintenance, the lower were their husband's levels of marital satisfaction. Overall, the wives' perception of division of labor, instead of the husbands', strongly effects marital satisfaction. These findings paralleled the U.S. results of division of labor and marital quality. Clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed.
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12

Pfeifer, Lexie Y. "Division of Labor and Marital Quality in China." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3055.

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Research done in the United States has linked household division of labor to marital quality. Research shows that satisfaction with division of labor is associated with greater marital happiness. There is minimal research in other countries on the relationship between division of labor and marital quality. China, with a history of gender inequality and emerging women's rights, makes an ideal setting for examining the relationship between division of labor and marital quality. In addition to measuring the influence of division of labor and satisfaction with division of labor on marital satisfaction, this study includes a scale on childcare related tasks. The data used in this study were collected between 1995 and 2001, from 446 couples, in Beijing and Hangzhou, China. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used for dyadic analysis. Results show that traditional division of labor and wives' satisfaction with division of labor positively affect Chinese husbands' marital satisfaction. Contrary to US research, results do not show a statistically significant effect between division of labor and Chinese wives' marital satisfaction. Results also show that higher levels of wives' responsibility for childcare predicts lower levels of marital satisfaction for husbands. Implications for culturally sensitive counseling are discussed.
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13

Barnes, Lauren Alyssa Bone. "The Relationship of Equal Division of Labor and Satisfaction of Division of Labor to Positive Parenting as Mediated by Parents' Relationship Quality." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2130.

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Couples learn to negotiate a complex intersection between household labor and family processes. Using both observational coding and questionnaire self report, this study examined the relationship between father and mothers' reported equality with their division-of-labor, their satisfaction with division-of-labor and their respective positive parenting as observed in taped interaction with a target child while controlling for quality of the relationship between the parents. Findings showed that egalitarian division of labor was positively related to satisfaction in division of labor and that egalitarian division of labor was a significant predictor of mothers' relationship quality, but not fathers' relationship quality. It also showed that fathers', but not mothers', marital relationship quality was found to be correlated with positive parenting and satisfaction with division of labor was a significant predictor of positive parenting for mothers, but not for fathers. Therapists should be mindful of and address the role division of labor plays in a family. Researchers should examine the use of a more comprehensive overview of division of labor tasks.
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14

Wineman, Patrick L. "Technical benefits and cultural barriers of networked Autonomous Undersea Vehicles." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/79538.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 44-45).
The research presented in this thesis examines the technical benefits to using a collaborative network of Autonomous Undersea Vehicles (AUVs) in place of individual vehicles. Benefits could be achieved in the areas of reduced power consumption, improved positional information and improved acoustic communication bandwidth. However, current culture of AUV development may impede this approach. The thesis uses the Object Process Methodology (OPM) and principles of System Architecture to trace the value of an AUV system from the scientist who benefits from the data to the vehicle itself. Sections 3 and 4 outline the needs for an AUV system as they currently exist and describe the key physics-based limitations of operations. Section 5 takes a broader look at the system goal as data delivery, not just the deployment of a vehicle, and introduces the concept of networked AUV. Section 6 describes a potential evolution of networked AUVs in increasing autonomy and collaboration. Finally, Section 7 examines AUV development cultures that could impede, or foster, networked vehicles.
by Patrick L. Wineman.
S.M.
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15

Makumbe, Pedzisayi O. "System development technical interactions and innovation : a network-based investigation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34552.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2006.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 70-77).
The development of complex engineering systems such as aircraft engines involves many cross functional teams that are usually geographically distributed. These teams interact in several ways but one of the most important set of interactions during the product development phase is the flow of technical information which is largely used for coordination and problem solving. For analytical purposes, these technical information flows can be represented as a directed network. This thesis develops a context and a research design that can help one investigate the impact of the resultant network structure on innovation in complex engineering systems. The broad context can be divided into two: theoretical and real world contexts. The theoretical context is developed by reviewing literature at the intersection of networks and innovation, and the real world context is typified by a modular enterprise developing a complex engineering system. Within this broad context, the research area of interest is framed by a set of hypotheses that lead to precise innovation measures and characterizations. The research design is motivated by the context and intended theoretical contributions. It consists of two major sections.
(cont.) The first section discusses and critiques methodologies for constructing networks and proposes a methodology more suited to this engineering systems development context. The second section describes a two-stage model whose variables include network structural properties such as structural holes, nodal degree, tie strength, and innovation output. It also describes a methodology for investigating the relationship between network density and the innovation development subprocess. Finally, the context and research design are tied together to create an instantiation of the measurement and characterization of innovation in complex engineering systems development. The characterization considers product innovation as radical, architectural, modular or incremental, and process innovation as organizational / coordination-based or technical. The measures of innovation include granted patents, implemented employee suggestions, product literature based innovation counts and results from structured interviews with the two leaders from each node in the network.
by Pedzisayi O. Makumbe.
S.M.
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16

Ehn, Micael. "Modeling Specialization and Division of Labor in Cultural Evolution." Doctoral thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för utbildning, kultur och kommunikation, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-13004.

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Division of labor and division of knowledge are so important and common in society today that it is difficult to imagine a functional society where everyone knows the same things and performs the same tasks. In such a society everyone grows, or gathers, and prepares their own food, makes their own tools, builds their own house, and so on. Cultural evolution is the field of research that studies the creation and diffusion of ideas and societies. It is very uncommon for these studies to take into account the effects of specialization. This thesis will show that specialization is of great importance to cultural evolution. The thesis is divided into two parts: The first is an introduction to studies of specialization and division of labor. The thesis begins with an interdisciplinary survey of the research on division of labor and specialization, including both theoretic and empirical studies. Next is an introduction to modeling specialization and division of labor. This includes a general framework and a number of basic models of different aspects of specialization and division of labor. Part two consists of four papers. The first paper studies the interaction between specialization and cultural cumulation. The second and third papers examine cultural cumulation, specifically the circumstances under which cultural knowledge increases and how cultural knowledge is distributed in the population. The last paper is a mathematical model of how specialization of knowledge (i.e. higher education) leads to social stratification.
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17

Samel, Hiram M. "Essays on volatility and the division of innovative labor." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82290.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Economic liberalization has brought a widespread belief that strengthening supply-side institutions is not only a necessary condition but also a sufficient one for economic and technological development. Yet uneven growth in advanced economies and a tenacious 'middle-income' trap tests this view. This dissertation, composed of three essays, examines persistent challenges to social, technological and economic development. A key aspect of my approach is to understand whether states can control the environment in which local firms make decisions. In particular, I argue scholars have exhibited a significant bias towards the supply side of markets as sources of innovation and growth. I exploit this bias by examining cases in which the characteristics of global demand markets significantly shape firm strategies. The first essay, based on a five-year dataset of Hewlett-Packard's social audits along with extensive fieldwork in their global supply chain, identifies demand volatility as a significant cause of persistent labor standards violations in the global electronics industry, in contrast to the conventional wisdom. The second essay uses a critical case study of the Penang semiconductor cluster to examine the challenges late industrializers face when confronted with stalled technological upgrading in a world of horizontal production networks. In common with efforts to improve labor standards, the real obstacle to technological upgrading is demand volatility. I argue the case of Penang shows that it is volatility, not the search for low wages, which increasingly determines the international division of labor in emerging economies. The third essay uses a unique dataset of production firms founded with MIT-licensed technology to examine whether the U.S. captures the long-term benefits of its investments in technological innovation. Through interviews with senior managers and founders, it finds that the U.S. ecosystem provides fertile ground to start firms; yet when these firms need to take the significant leap into larger-scaled processes, both the need for additional capital as well as the search for production capabilities pulls many firms to move critical knowledge abroad. The three essays demonstrate that demand increasingly shapes global production and innovation architectures, not the opposite as is widely assumed.
by Hiram M. Samel.
Ph.D.
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18

Lotspeich, Younkin Felisha L. "Work-Family Spillover, Division of Labor, and Relationship Satisfaction." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1275417957.

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19

WALTER, NICHOLAS LEE. "COLONY SIZE AND DIVISION OF LABOR IN BOMBUS IMPATIENS." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/192251.

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20

Newsome, Sherrica Shawnyae. "A case study in science and technology diplomacy : understanding diplomats' technical competency and interaction with technical experts." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59774.

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Thesis (S.M. in Technology and Policy)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2010.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-70).
As science and technology are increasingly at the center of global issues, diplomats are less capable of effectively completing their work without heavily relying on scientists and engineers for clarification and insight. This thesis is motivated by a desire to determine if convincing evidence exists that the lack of diplomats' technical knowledge and/or existing relational difficulties between the diplomat and the technical expert have negative effects on international agreements. The first required step, the focus of this thesis, is to gain an understanding of the technical expert and the diplomat's relationship. This thesis has examined, as a case study, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Office of External Relations' (OER) diplomats - officially known as international program specialists (IPS). The IPSs were interviewed and the data was analyzed using the grounded theory coding process. Statistics and charts were produced from pre-interview questionnaires and competency data and used as supporting evidence for the interview data. The thesis question is expressed and answered through its three sub-questions: What is the IPS's working relationship with scientists and engineers? How do IPSs go about writing the technical content of agreements? What is the IPS' technical competence? The collective answer is that an IPS does not generate the technical content of agreements, but relies heavily on the technical expert for both the content and its clarification. This lack of technical competence is supported by the fact that only 1% of reported OER's employees' competencies are technical (hard math and science) and only 4% are technically related. Additionally, hypotheses were drawn: An evaluation of the current IPS orientation process and OER training procedures may show that, despite perceived difficulties, the practices are the best available; An increased understanding of the IPS's role, on behalf of the technical experts - especially the field experts, should improve the relationship between the IPS and the technical expert; The technical competence of an IPS is, to some degree, dependent on both (1) the working relationship an IPS has with the technical expert and (2) the IPS' capability, capacity, and desire to learn. The study largely implies that the lack of understanding of the diplomat's role may also be apparent in other technical organizations where the method of diplomacy aiding science and technology is practiced.
by Sherrica Shawnyae Newsome.
S.M.in Technology and Policy
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21

Wahl, Mary Elizabeth. "A Synthetic Yeast Model for Differentiation and Division of Labor." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11515.

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To maintain high average fitness, populations must effect selection against the deleterious mutations that continuously arise de novo. Theoretical models of mutation-selection balance predict that the maximum tolerable mutation rate is much lower for organisms growing in colonies than for those in well-mixed liquid media due to drift imposed by competition for position along the growing colony front. Simplifying assumptions made in these models, including the irreversibility and fixed fitness cost of mutations, do not strictly hold in extant species. To explore the applicability of these models in natural contexts, we have constructed a yeast strain which undergoes recombinase-mediated irreversible gene excision at a single locus with tunable fitness cost, but also possesses the random genomic mutation profile characteristic of yeast. We find that several theoretical predictions hold for our strain, including the dependence of maximum tolerable mutation rate on growth condition and selective coefficient. These results constitute the first direct biological test of mutation-selection balance theory.
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22

Kubricht, Bryan C. "Division of Labor and Marital Satisfaction in China and Taiwan." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4059.

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There is evidence that household division of labor is associated with marital satisfaction among Chinese populations. However, little research has compared different Chinese societies, as well as non-rural and rural regions. This study compared the division of household labor, and its association with marital satisfaction, between China and Taiwan, between non-rural and rural regions, and between males and females using data from a large, multinational study of countries in East Asia. The moderating effect of gender role ideology was examined as a potential moderating variable, as well. Overall, division of household labor was significantly associated with marital satisfaction. However, gender role ideology was not a significant moderator. Invariance testing revealed no group differences, including China and Taiwan, rural and non-rural, and male and female, in the relationship between division of household labor and marital satisfaction. Additional analysis indicated that gender role ideology was a significant moderator for females in rural China.
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23

Jensen, Taylor (Taylor Moroni), and Qi Sun. "Absenteeism prediction and labor force optimization in rail dispatcher scheduling." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85457.

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Thesis: M. Eng. in Logistics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 61-62).
Unplanned employee absences are estimated to account for a loss of 3% of scheduled labor hours. This can be costly in railroad dispatcher scheduling because every absence must be filled through overtime or a qualified extra dispatcher. One factor that complicates this problem is the uncertainty of unplanned employee absences. The ability to predict unplanned absences would facilitate effective scheduling of extra dispatchers and help reduce overtime costs. This thesis uses data from a railroad company over a four year period to examine company-wide factors thought to impact the number of unplanned absences among dispatchers. Using Poisson regression, we identify several factors that provide statistical evidence of influencing the number of unplanned absences. These factors are month, snowstorms, shift, and certain holidays. Despite these findings, the overall predictive capability of our regression model is very weak. Instead, we model the number of unplanned absences by shift as a Hadrom process with a Negative Binomial distribution and use Monte Carlo simulation to explore the impact on overtime costs of increasing the number of scheduled extra dispatchers and increasing the number of positions on which each employee is qualified to work. Our results show that increasing the number of extra dispatchers has a greater effect on reducing overtime, but the cost savings from reducing overtime expenses are not enough to offset the additional labor costs of having more employees on staff. Our results provide insight regarding the relationship among extra staff, higher levels of qualification among employees, and the willingness to use overtime in handling unplanned absences.
by Taylor Jensen and Qi Sun.
M. Eng. in Logistics
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24

Knight, Matthew T. (Matthew Trevor). "Hardware engineering change management : an enterprise analysis of factors contributing to technical change." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/83793.

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Thesis (S.M. in Engineering and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 91-93).
Engineering change management (ECM) is an essential but challenging cross-functional discipline within modern product development firms. ECM is best explained as a discipline because no single process can characterize the complex interactions between stakeholders, processes, information systems, knowledge management practices and cultural factors that enable the control of technical design change. One major challenge to product development projects is gaining actionable a priori insight into the risk of technical design change in order to allocate resources to mitigate specific risks. This thesis employs systems thinking skills to identify and analyze corresponding a priori factors within a product development firm that designs large complex systems. A case study framework provides qualitative ECM analysis from an enterprise perspective with supporting empirical stakeholder interview data. Furthermore, the research design employs more than 7,000 design defects from three large system development programs to experiment with data-mining models for classifying and predicting technical defects. This research reveals some ECM risk factors and corresponding enterprise policies in the context of process, information, and stakeholder interactions. This study also offers both executable and conceptual quantitative defect models that are appropriate for proactive risk mitigation within specific ECM processes. Ultimately, this holistic analysis provides policy recommendations for the selected enterprise, and identifies factors that have general implications for contemporary industry.
by Matthew T. Knight.
S.M.in Engineering and Management
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25

Frasier, Erin M. "Labor Market Responsiveness of Washington State Community and Technical Colleges." Thesis, Brandman University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10160723.

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Purpose: The purpose of this mixed methods study is to examine the degree to which Washington State community and technical college workforce education administrators perceive their institutions to be labor market-responsive based on the Community College Labor Market Responsiveness assessment’s seven dimensions of labor market responsiveness (leadership and governance, organizational structure and staffing, organizational culture, resources and funding, information and data, relationship-building, and partnerships) and to explore the factors impacting each of the seven dimensions.

Methodology: This mixed methods study described 39 Washington State community and technical college workforce administrators’ perceptions of community college labor market responsiveness. An explanatory design was employed to collect quantitative data to describe, followed by qualitative data to further explain. Data was collected using a web-based survey instrument with fixed-choice Likert-type and open-ended questions.

Findings: Overall, 62% of workforce educational administrators perceive the community colleges in Washington to be somewhat or almost always labor market responsive. The two most displayed dimensions were leadership and governance and organizational culture, however, the weakest dimension was organizational structure. The most impactful factors identified were: resources, leadership, workforce focus, organizational factors and external engagement. An unexpected finding was the absence of the practitioners’ reference to entrepreneurial characteristics, even though this is emphasized by scholars.

Conclusions: Washington State community and technical colleges are experts in workforce development although many factors impact their ability to effectively respond to labor market needs. This study concludes that Washington State community and technical colleges are perceived to be moderately labor market responsive, yet committed to external relationships and partnerships, and in need of more adequate financial, human and information resources to reach their full potential. Secondly, although there is strong leadership supporting labor market responsiveness efforts, unsupportive organizational structures limit their impact. In addition, entrepreneurial approaches are necessary to navigate resource-limited environments and this is not adequately supported by community colleges.

Recommendations: Further research is recommended to include other populations, correlate perceptions with other indicators, and compare perceptions between more than one sample. An exploration of entrepreneurial characteristics and vocational program review processes of community colleges should also be studied.

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Gaertner, Dennis. "The effects of technical and organizational change on labor markets." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB9565954.

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Thomas, Anthony E. Bien Joseph. "Attending to our work a framework for understanding and evaluating the division of labor /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6178.

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Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on Feb 16, 2010). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Dissertation advisor: Dr. Joseph Bien. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Spalding, Joanne. "Technical and Physical Match Demands of a NCAA Division I Soccer Goalkeeper." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3176.

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The purpose of this study was to provide a better understanding of the goalkeeper position in order to prepare goalkeepers for competition. The objectives of this study were to characterize the technical and physical demands of an NCAA Division I collegiate goalkeeper over three seasons and examine trends from season to season. Count and frequency for each definition were analyzed. Results show that although the goalkeeper’s technical demands were characterized by engaging in play without action and being in the goal area, the gradually increased use of the feet over three season’s hints on the importance of skills performed with the lower body. Findings suggest that most shots faced by the goalkeeper were from direct attacks, outside the box and from central positions. Foot skills may be relied on with increasing experience. Over the course of three seasons, forward and lateral movements were the most common and second most common.
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Peng, Xuehua. "TRADE LIBERALIZATION AND DIVISION OF LABOR: IMPLICATIONS FOR POVERTY IN CHINA." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2006. http://lib.uky.edu/ETD/ukyagec2006d00536/Dissertation.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Kentucky, 2006.
Title from document title page (viewed on January 23, 2007). Document formatted into pages; contains: ix, 157 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 145-153).
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30

Kelley, Kevin J. "The division of household labor among Black, White and interracial couples." Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1987. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.

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31

Lyon, Robyn Marie. "Household division of labor and pay inequaltiy between men and women." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/2053.

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The household division of labor and pay inequality between men and women is examined using the 2006 American Time Use Survey. There are three main theoretical perspectives to examine when discussing household division of labor and pay inequality between men and women. The individual model argues that an individual makes rational choices when investing in Human Capital, which directly affects their income. Structural theory states that the position that an individual occupies determines the income and reward that one receives. Gender theory states that gender is a process of devaluation and sorting that determines the type of jobs that one occupies and the income they receive. It is expected that and increase in household labor will result in a decrease in income. It is also expected that women will have lower income than men. An OLS regression analysis is performed. Women earn $60.40 less per week than men, net of other factors. Increased participation in household labor food preparation results in a slight decrease in income. However, this is only significant for women who receive a decrease in income of $26.62 per week. Policy implications are discussed, these include things such as encouraging women to further their education, reduce the inequality between jobs for men and women, enforcement of antidiscrimination laws based on marital status and an increase in family-friendly polices in the workplace.
Thesis [M.A.] - Wichita State University, College of Liberal Arts and Science, Dept. of Sociology
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Shintaku, Koji. "Essays on International Trade and the Division of Labor within Firms." Kyoto University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/200426.

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Kluwer, Esther Suzanne. "Marital conflict over the division of labor : when partners become parents /." [Amsterdam] : Kurt Lewin Inst, 1998. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=008650609&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Toth, Katalin. "Division of domestic labor and marital satisfaction a cross-cultural analysis /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3320566.

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35

Lyon, Robyn Marie Wright David W. "Household division of labor and pay inequaltiy between men and women." A link to full text of this thesis in SOAR, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/2053.

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36

Casique, Rodriguez Irene. "Power, autonomy and division of labor in Mexican dual-earner families /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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37

Missoh, Claudia. "Division of labor in anti-parasite defense strategies in ant colonies." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066450/document.

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La division du travail est une caractéristique clé chez les insectes sociaux et contribue à leur succès écologique. En ce qui concerne les tâches sanitaires, la division du travail au sein d’une colonie peut permettre de réduire la transmission des maladies, de libérer certaines ouvrières pour d’autres tâches, permettant de diminuer les couts associés à l’exécution des tâches sanitaires (sur le plan comportementale et physiologique). Les facteurs externes et internes aux individus déterminant leur participation aux tâches sanitaires ne sont pas bien connus. La plupart des études portent sur l’importance des différences génétiques entre ouvrières. Dans les deux premières études, j’ai examiné le rôle de l’expérience des individus (par exposition répétée à des déchets sanitaires ou à l’exécution d’une tâche) sur la mise en place de différences interindividuelles dans l’exécution d’une tâche sanitaire comportementale. L’exposition à un parasite est une menace fréquente au sein de colonies d’insectes sociaux. En utilisant la fourmi clonale Platythyrea punctata, j’ai voulu savoir si une exposition répétée des individus à des larves portant une faible quantité de conidiospores du champignon Metarhizium robertsii affectait la performance des soins sanitaires portés au couvain. J’ai trouvé que la durée de nettoyage des larves était plus élevée chez des fourmis entrainées, aux larves exposées ou non exposées au champignon, que chez des fourmis inexpérimentées. Un temps de nettoyage plus élevé améliorait l’élimination des conidiospores. Ainsi les fourmis entrainées pourraient être plus efficaces pour éliminer les conidiospores lors d’une attaque parasitaire de la colonie. La décomposition des cadavres représente un risque sanitaire dans les colonies d’insectes sociaux, nécessitant une gestion de cadavres. Dans la deuxième étude, j’ai étudié la possibilité d’une division du travail dans la gestion des cadavres (c'est-à-dire le nettoyage et le transport) chez les ouvrières de la fourmi polygyne et polymorphe Cataglyphis velox. J’ai plus spécifiquement testé si la propensité d’accomplir ces tâches était en rapport avec une récente expérience individuelle ou avec la taille des ouvrières. Nos observations ont montré que la majorité des individus de la colonie n’effectuait que rarement des tâches de gestion de cadavres même si quelques individus pouvaient être impliqués plus fréquemment, au moins sur un laps de temps cours, dans l’exécution de ces tâches. Les résultats suggèrent une faible division du travail dans le nettoyage et le transport des cadavres et une faible modulation de ces tâches par l’exposition répétée des ouvrières à des cadavres
Division of labor is a key characteristic of social insects and contributes to their ecological success. Especially in disease defense, the intra-colony partitioning of sanitary work can reduce disease transmission, keep nestmates available for other tasks and reduce costs associated with sanitary task performance (i.e. at the behavioral and physiological level). Factors internal and external to the individual affecting sanitary task allocation are not well known and most studies investigated genetic differences between workers performing behavioral sanitary work. In the first two studies I addressed whether individual experience (through repeated exposure to a sanitary hazard or performance of the task) can generate interindividual differences in the performance of behavioral sanitary tasks. Repeated parasite exposure is a common threat in colonies of social insects, posing selection pressures on colony members to respond with improved disease-defense performance. In the clonal ant Platythyrea punctata, I tested whether experience gained by repeated tending of low-level fungus-exposed (Metarhizium robertsii) larvae alters the performance of sanitary brood care. I found that ants trained both with sham- and fungus-treated larvae groomed the brood longer than naive ants. Increased grooming of fungus-treated larvae resulted in more effective fungal removal, thus making trained ants better caretakers under parasite attack of the colony. Decomposing cadavers pose a sanitary risk to social insect colonies, necessitating cadaver management. In the second study I investigated whether cadaver management (i.e. cadaver grooming and transports) is divided among workers and task allocation affected by recent individual experience or worker size in the polymorphic and polygynous ant Cataglyphis velox. Many individuals performed cadaver management infrequently and few individuals dominated task performance. Our results suggested low division of labor for cadaver grooming and transport and a reduced modulation of these behaviors by recurrent exposure to nestmate cadavers
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38

Peterson, Sydney Mtchell. "Household Technology and the Division of Household Labor in Utah Families." DigitalCommons@USU, 1989. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2359.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of household appliances and the division of labor in accomplishing household tasks in the family. It investigated the relationship between ownership of specific items of household equipment and the performance of directly related household tasks and the overall ownership of household equipment and the overall division of labor in the family. Data for this study came from "Determinants and outcomes of Household Time Use," which is part of the S-206 Regional Research Project. Data from 214 two-parent, two-child households were analyzed to determine the relationship between ownership of household equipment and time spent in three categories of household tasks by husbands, wives and children. Ownership of household equipment was determined by means of an equipment inventory. The ownership of appliances and their relationship to the performance of directly associated tasks included: (microwave oven and time spent in food preparation; (2) dishwasher and garbage disposal and time spent in dishwashing; and (3) power garden and/or yard equipment and power shop tools and time spent in maintenance of home, yard, car, and pets. The total time spent in household production by husbands, wives, children and its relationship to the total number of household appliances owned was also studied. The t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis were used to analyze the differences in proportion of time spent in the various household tasks by wives, husbands, and children by ownership of related household equipment. No significant differences were found in the proportion of time spent in food preparation, dishwashing, and maintenance by wives, husbands, and children in households that did and did not own the related household equipment. The correlation between level of equipment ownership and husbands' and children's proportion of total family time spent in household work was not significant indicating that as more equipment is acquired husbands and children do not contribute a smaller proportion of total family time in household work.
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39

Poltavtchenko, Elena. "Engineering design reports in upper-division undergraduate engineering courses and in the workplace." Thesis, Northern Arizona University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3562160.

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The workplace success of new engineering graduates is ultimately affected by their oral and written communication skills. However, engineering students' academic preparation for industry's needs in terms of written communication has been widely acknowledged as inadequate. The present study is intended to improve our understanding of a prominent engineering genre, the engineering design report (EDR), and provide support for students learning to write this genre. The goals of this study are to (a) conduct a corpus-based register comparison between student and professional EDRs and (b) provide a more detailed description of professional EDRs, by determining their rhetorical organization and identifying linguistic features associated with this organization.

This research is based on two EDR corpora (N of texts=262, with approximately 1,119,186 words), one with upper-division engineering students' EDRs and the other with professional engineers' EDRs. The study examines both non-linguistic and linguistic features of student and professional EDRs. First, non-linguistic characteristics of EDRs are examined using the EDR situational framework developed for the study. Then, corpus-based methodologies are used to analyze core grammatical features and features associated with grammatical complexity in both corpora. Finally, to determine conventional discourse structures of professional EDRs, the study draws on the English for Specific Purposes tradition of genre analysis and then uses register analysis to investigate linguistic features associated with particular rhetorical structures.

The register analyses revealed complex patterns of linguistic variation, frequently influenced by the registers' situational characteristics. The results of these analyses indicate that two EDR registers fill different positions on the spoken-to-written continuum, with reports produced in the workplace being closer to professional written registers and student reports using more speech-like features. The genre analysis of professional EDRs uncovered the highly variable nature of this genre. Despite considerable variation in EDR rhetorical organization, 12 common moves were identified that cluster in specific ways to form EDR organizational units and rely on particular sets of linguistic features. A streamlined template of the EDR genre is introduced as are linguistic features associated with its organization. Study results may have pedagogical implications for teaching features of professional EDRs to students.

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40

Kaur, Amandeep. "Comparison of Different Predistortion Techniques for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Systems." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13426595.

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Wireless channels have significant problems like multipath fading, delay spread, frequency selective fading. Guard bands/channel equalization techniques are employed to overcome these. However, these solutions are complex and don’t solve the issue of bandwidth scarcity. Thus, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing was introduced; a special case of Frequency Division Multiplexing where orthogonal subcarriers overlap in the frequency domain using lesser bandwidth without any inter-symbol interference.

The next challenge is to reduce the error rate in transmission. This thesis focuses on the noise created because of the non-linear input/output relationship of the power amplifier used. Different techniques used to linearize power amplifiers are compared. Predistortion was found to be most effective. Various predistortion schemes are compared and error rate performance evaluated for the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing system with and without Predistortion as well as for different modulation techniques. Dynamic Digital Predistortion paired with 8 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation was found to work most efficiently.

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41

Black, Jason W. (Jason Wayne). "Integrating demand into the U.S. electric power system : technical, economic, and regulatory frameworks for responsive load." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/31168.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (v. 2, p. 311-316).
The electric power system in the US developed with the assumption of exogenous, inelastic demand. The resulting evolution of the power system reinforced this assumption as nearly all controls, monitors, and feedbacks were implemented on the supply side. Time invariant, averaged retail pricing was a natural extension of the assumption of exogenous demand and also reinforced this condition. As a result, the market designs and physical control of the system exclude active participation by consumers. Advances in information and communications technologies enable cost effective integration of demand response. Integrating demand into the US electricity system will allow the development of a more complete market and has the potential for large efficiency gains. Without feedbacks between supply and demand, attempts to develop competitive markets for electricity will suffer from a greater potential for market power and system failure. This thesis provides an analysis of the technical, regulatory, and market issues to determine a system structure that provides incentives for demand response. An integrated, dynamic simulation model is utilized to demonstrate the effects of large scale adoption of demand response technologies. The model includes distributed decision making by both consumers and investors in generation capacity, the effects of their decisions on market prices, and the feedbacks between them. Large scale adoption of demand response technology is simulated to quantify the potential benefits of responsive demand. The effects of technology improvement via learning, long term demand elasticity, and policies to promote adoption are considered.
(cont.) The simulations show that diminishing returns for adopters and free rider effects limit the attractiveness of individual adoption. A subsidy to alleviate the costs to adopters can be justified by the significant system level savings from widespread participation. Several pernicious effects can emerge from large scale demand response, however, including increased price volatility due to reductions in generation capacity reserve margin, increases in long term demand, and increased emissions from the substitution of peak generation capacity, such as natural gas and renewables by intermediate capacity. Significant rent transfers will also occur, and stakeholder analysis is conducted to determine interests and distributional effects of large scale demand response.
by Jason W. Black.
Ph.D.
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42

Marg, Debra Harris. "Workforce education and training needs assessment for southwest region of Northcentral Technical College District." Online version, 1998. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1998/1998margd.pdf.

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43

Davidson, Michael (Michael Roy). "Regulatory and technical barriers to wind energy integration in northeast China." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90037.

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Thesis: S.M. in Technology and Policy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2014.
111
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 68-73).
China leads the world in installed wind capacity, which forms an integral part of its long-term goals to reduce the environmental impacts of the electricity sector. This primarily centrally-managed wind policy has concentrated wind development in a handful of regions, challenging regulatory frameworks and grid architectures to cost-effectively integrate wind. In 2013, according to official statistics, wind accounted for 2.7% of national generation, while the rate of curtailment (available wind not accepted by the grid operator onto the system) reached 12%. Wind integration challenges have arisen in China for technical, economic and institutional reasons. From a technology standpoint, the variability and unpredictability of wind resources interact with technical limits of conventional generators, resulting in efficiency losses and grid stability concerns. Existing coal-based electricity and district heating installations play a large role in grid integration challenges because of the inflexible operation of coal plants relative to natural gas and hydropower, and the "must-run" nature of cogeneration units supplying residential heat. A competing set of hypotheses to explain current rates of wind spillage focus on institutional imperfections in China's power sector, such as poorly designed market incentives, inadequate oversight, and a mixture of conflicting policies that are the result of an incomplete transition to a market-driven electricity system. A unit commitment and dispatch optimization was developed to understand the underlying technical factors leading to wind curtailment in northeastern China. It incorporates electricity output restrictions from exogenous district heating demands, a hydro-thermal coordination component considering inter-seasonal storage, and transmission between adjacent provincial nodes. Averaging over six historic wind profiles, a curtailment rate of 6.6% was observed in the reference case from various forms of inflexibility and insufficient demand. The impacts of several technology-based solutions on total cost, coal use and wind curtailment, were also examined: more flexible operation of coal units, temporary heat storage and minimum cogeneration outputs that vary with heat load. Contributing to the existing body of qualitative work on the effects of these factors, this thesis developed a straightforward methodology to assess the relative contribution of regulatory and technical causes. Two important institutional arrangements - the decentralization of dispatch to individual provinces and minimum generation quotas allocated to all coal generators - were quantified in an optimization framework, and found to be significant contributors of power system operational inflexibility.
by Michael Davidson.
S.M. in Technology and Policy
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44

Roost, Nathan Christopher 1975. "An analysis of technical, process and organizational challenges confronting corporations implementing Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology projects." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28517.

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Thesis (M. Eng. in Logistics)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 46-48).
The purpose of the thesis is to identify practical challenges that are being addressed by companies implementing RFID related technologies in a variety of supply chain management applications. The test engagements undertaken by companies are intended to investigate the economic, functional and process related benefits that might be derived from adoption of this emerging technology. Field research will uncover both challenges and possible solutions being developed by companies, in addition to understanding the impact of challenges may have on wide spread adoption of RFID technologies. The challenges observed in this research project will be evaluated using a simple analytical framework, and field case studies are to be developed to provide summaries of current RFID pilot project activities.
by Nathan Christopher Roost.
M.Eng.in Logistics
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45

Carlson, Matthew W. "MAXIMIZING BENEFITS AND MINIMIZING IMPACTS: DUAL-EARNER COUPLES’ DIVISION OF HOUSEHOLD LABOR." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/hes_etds/10.

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Several socio-structural theoretical approaches attempt to explain the gendered division of household labor, but the dyadic process of dividing labor has gone largely unexplored. Therefore, a grounded theory approach was taken with 20 dual-earner married couples to uncover the process of dividing household labor between spouses. The theory that emerged indicated that couples seek to maximize benefits in their distribution of labor, and do so by dividing tasks according to personal preferences and proficiencies. When a household task goes unclaimed by both spouses’ preferences and proficiencies, containment and outsourcing are the strategies employed to minimize the impact of the unclaimed task. The emergent theory can be used by researchers to illuminate the dyadic process of division of household labor in ways that other theories are not able. The theory can also be used by educators to prepare premarital couples for future division of household labor practices as well as by therapists who can identify problematic patterns within clients’ division of household labor process.
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Zhang, Zhe. "Cohort Differences in the Gender Division of Household Labor in Urban China." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1376916003.

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Martin, Allen Dean. "Changes in the division of labor within the home : 1965 to 1985 /." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148784635448478.

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48

Brubaker, Sarah Jane. "Mature Women Students: Effects of the Gender Division of Labor on Education." VCU Scholars Compass, 1992. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4382.

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This thesis seeks to better understand the trend toward mature women college students as impacted by the gender division of labor. It is based on qualitative research involving in-depth, semi-structured interviews with ten African-American and eleven white mature women students age 30 and over enrolled at Virginia Commonwealth University. The interview questions focus on two main decision points in the lives of mature women students. The first is defined as the point at which they chose a course of action, other than attending college, after high school, or when they left college. The second is defined as the point at which these women decided to (re)enter college. The gender division of labor is explored as it exists in capital patriarchal society and emphasis is placed on the processes by which it is created and maintained at both macro and micro levels. The focus of the research is on the connection between the structure of the gender division of labor and the processes through which it affects individual lives in everyday, personal ways. The focus on the two decision points leads the analysis of the trend toward mature women students in a direction not taken by other researchers and helps to uncover aspects of the trend which had been neglected. The findings suggest that the designation of domestic and childcare tasks to women in the gender division of labor greatly affects the trend toward mature women students at both decision points. The gender division of labor becomes a lived reality in individual women's lives and influences their decisions concerning work, family and education. The findings suggest further that the explanations for the trend toward mature women students are much more complex than current literature reflects. For the women who participated in this research, the gender division of labor creates power differentials between women and men which affect women's decisions concerning college which have not been explicitly addressed in other research.
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Matteson, Christopher W. "Division of Household Labor: Changes Over the Course of the Marital Relationship." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2398.

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Previous research has established the influence of the division of household labor between spouses on marital satisfaction, as well as the mental health of each spouse. Less is known about how the division of labor changes during the course of marriage. The family development perspective suggests that division of labor will change in response to different stages and circumstances, while the homeostasis perspective suggests that the division of labor will remain stable throughout the life course. This study used data from a 35 year longitudinal study of married women to examine changes of household division of labor over the life course. Participants in this study were wives of medical trainees at an East Coast medical school. Data collection at Time-1 included 175 wives in 1969-1970. The wives were also contacted in 1980 (Time-2), 1990 (Time-3), and 2005 (Time-4). All the participants were white. The average age of the women at Time-1 was 25.5 years. Participation in household labor was measured using five questions reflecting how much the husband helped in traditionally female stereotyped tasks. The five tasks were: does the family wash, sets table for dinner, clears table after meals, washes the dishes, and prepares meals. Other variables were included to help explain the change in husband participation in household labor over the course of the marriage, including number of children, the number of hours worked by the wife, and the wife's level of education. Multi-level growth curve modeling was used to examine stability and change in husband participation in household tasks over time. The fixed effects in the baseline model showed a significant positive linear slope indicating more husband participation over time. The random effect for time was also significant, suggesting variability in slopes across the sample. Results from the quadratic effect for time indicated a downward linear slope, attenuated by a positive quadratic slope. Thus, the results indicate that husbands participate less in household tasks early in marriage, but their level of participation increases in midlife. No predictor variables accounted for significant variability in the initial value or rate of change in the husband's participation in household tasks.
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Hansen, Lars H. "The division of labour in post-industrial societies /." Göteborg : Dept. of Sociology [Sociologiska institutionen], Univ, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/131.

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