Journal articles: 'Tech nanoscalate'

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Chandran, Anu, Varun Raghavan, Bhaskaran Chalil, Kamalasanan ., C. C. Velayudhan, Mirvaz Zulfiker, Midhun M., et al. "Nanoparticles: tech trends in healthcare." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 10, no. 2 (January 29, 2022): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20220021.

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Nanotechnology is the use of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale for various purposes. Nanotechnology field of application is very much diverse which includes surface science, organic chemistry, molecular biology, semiconductor physics, energy storage, engineering, microfabrication, and molecular engineering. Its medical application ranges from biological devices, nano-electronic biosensors, and to future biological machines. The main issue nowadays for nanomedicine involve understanding the issues related to toxicity and environmental impact of nanoscale materials. Lot more functionalities can be added to nanomaterials by interfacing them with biological structures. The size of nanomaterials is similar most biological molecules and so useful for both in vivo and in vitro biomedical research and applications. The integration of nanomaterials with biology had paved path to the development of diagnostic devices, contrast agents, analytical tools, physical therapy applications and drug delivery vehicles.

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Choi, Hyungsub. "Nanoscale: Society's Deep Impact on Science, Technology and Innovation in India by Pankaj Sekhsaria, and: Instrumental Lives: An Intimate Biography of an Indian Laboratory by Pankaj Sekhsaria." Technology and Culture 63, no. 3 (July 2022): 859–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tech.2022.0115.

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WISCHOW, EMILY D., LYNN BRYAN, and GEORGE M. BODNER. "SECONDARY SCIENCE TEACHERS' DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE AS RESULT OF INTEGRATING NANOSCIENCE CONTENT IN THEIR CURRICULUM." COSMOS 08, no. 02 (June 2013): 187–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219607712500073.

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Nanoscale science is a rapidly-developing, multidisciplinary field of science and research that combines engineering, chemistry, physics, biology, and information technology pushes and the boundary between the science and the technology required to conduct it. Nanoscale science involves investigating and working with matter on the scale of 1–100 microns and has broad societal implications for new technologies. It is estimated that the worldwide workforce necessary to support the field of nanoscale science and nanotechnology will be close to 2 million by 2015 (National Nanotechnology Initiative, 2005). With such rapid developments in nanoscale science and technology, it is becoming more incumbent upon K-12 science teachers to provide the learning experiences necessary for students to understand the principles that govern behavior at the nanoscale and develop the skills needed to apply these concepts to improve everyday life. While onlya limited amount of nanoscale curricular materials are available for K-12 and undergraduate education many important unanswered questions exist, including: How do science teachers learn to teach nanoscale science?

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Francoeur, M., R. Vaillon, and M. Pinar Mengüç. "Thermal Impacts on the Performance of Nanoscale-Gap Thermophotovoltaic Power Generators." IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 26, no. 2 (June 2011): 686–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tec.2011.2118212.

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Zappi, Daniele, Matiss Martins Ramma, Viviana Scognamiglio, Amina Antonacci, Gabriele Varani, and Maria Teresa Giardi. "High-Tech and Nature-Made Nanocomposites and Their Applications in the Field of Sensors and Biosensors for Gas Detection." Biosensors 10, no. 11 (November 13, 2020): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios10110176.

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Gas sensors have been object of increasing attention by the scientific community in recent years. For the development of the sensing element, two major trends seem to have appeared. On one hand, the possibility of creating complex structures at the nanoscale level has given rise to ever more sensitive sensors based on metal oxides and metal–polymer combinations. On the other hand, gas biosensors have started to be developed, thanks to their intrinsic ability to be selective for the target analyte. In this review, we analyze the recent progress in both areas and underline their strength, current problems, and future perspectives.

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Ivlieva, Alexandra, Elena Petritskaya, Dmitriy Rogatkin, Nikita Yushin, Dmitrii Grozdov, Konstantin Vergel, and Inga Zinicovscaia. "Does Nanosilver Have a Pronounced Toxic Effect on Humans?" Applied Sciences 12, no. 7 (March 29, 2022): 3476. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12073476.

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Due to the development of high-tech industries, the modern world is characterized by the increased production and consumption of nanoparticles (NPs) and nanomaterials. Among produced metal nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles are widely used in everyday life products, cosmetics, and medicine. It has already been established that, in nanoscale form, many even inert materials become toxic. Therefore, the study of the toxicity of various substances in nanoscale form is an urgent scientific task. There is now a body of experience on the toxic effect of AgNPs. In the present review, the most well-known results obtained over the 2009–2021 period, including the own performance on the toxicity of silver NPs, are collected and analyzed. Along with the data reporting a certain level of toxicity of silver NPs, experiments that did not reveal any obvious toxicity of nanosized forms of silver are discussed. According to the performed studies, the toxicity of silver NPs is often caused not by NPs themselves but by silver ions, compounds used for nanoparticle stabilization, and other reasons. Based on the analysis of the collected data, it can be concluded that at actual levels of silver NPs used in everyday life, workplace, and medicine, they will not have strong toxic effects on a healthy adult body.

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Matijošius, Tadas, Giedrius Stalnionis, Gedvidas Bikulčius, Sigitas Jankauskas, Laurynas Staišiūnas, and Svajus Joseph Asadauskas. "Antifrictional Effects of Group IVB Elements Deposited as Nanolayers on Anodic Coatings." Coatings 13, no. 1 (January 10, 2023): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13010132.

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The utilization of anodized aluminum (Al) components would contribute greatly to combat against dry friction if good tribological properties could be attained. Despite its hardness, the wear rate of anodic coatings presents a major problem in many applications, including automotive, aerospace and high-tech industries. Recently, nanolayers of Ti demonstrated high tribological effectiveness and unusually low dry friction on anodic coatings. However, few researchers focus on the tribological characterization of nanolayers of other elements. In this study, nanolayers of Ti, Zr, Hf, Cu, Cr, Nb and Sn were deposited on anodized 1050 and 6082 alloys by magnetron sputtering and Atomic Layer Deposition. Major attention was devoted to surface roughness and hardness measurements, because of their importance for static friction. The results showed that structural, chemical and other intrinsic properties of nanolayers of Group IVB elements in many cases led to significant friction reduction, when compared to those of Cu, Cr and Hf. Nanolayers of 15 nm to 75 nm thicknesses appeared most effective tribologically, while 180 nm or thicker layers progressively lost their ability to sustain low dynamic friction. Deposition of nanoscale structures could provide advantages for the anodized Al industry in protection against incidental friction and wear.

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Liu, Kai, Si Jin Wu, Xin Ya Gao, and Lian Xiang Yang. "Simultaneous Measurement of In-Plane and Out-of-Plane Deformations Using Dual-Beam Spatial-Carrier Digital Speckle Pattern Interferometry." Applied Mechanics and Materials 782 (August 2015): 316–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.782.316.

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Digital speckle pattern interferometry (DSPI) is an advanced technique for both in-plane and out-of-plane deformation measurements of diffuse surfaces in nanoscale. It has been widely used in aerospace engineering and other high-tech industries due to the advantages of non-contact, high-accuracy and full-field measurement. Traditionally, DSPI uses temporal phase shifting method to achieve precise deformation measurement, but it is only suitable for quasi-static deformation. Spatial-carrier method is another effective phase retrieval method used in DSPI and its validity has been verified in some DSPI setups. DSPI with spatial-carrier method enjoys the advantages of simple optical arrangement, easy operation, and above all, high-speed measurement of deformation. This paper introduces a dual-beam spatial-carrier digital speckle pattern interferometry system, with which in-plane and out-of-plane deformations can be measured simultaneously as well as quickly. In the optical setup, two lasers are employed to illuminate the measured object with different illumination angles, and two single-mode fibers server as carriers to transmit the reference beams. In-plane and out-of-plane deformations can be obtained by combining the phase maps of both channels. Theoretical discussion and experimental analysis are both presented.

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De Mondt, R., Y. Vercammen, R. Dardenne, F. Vangaever, J. Van Luppen, and L. Van Vaeck. "Ultra-low-angle microtomy to back up S-SIMS molecular depth profiling with C60 + and Bin + for the nanoscale analysis of high-tech industrial materials." Surface and Interface Analysis 43, no. 1-2 (July 20, 2010): 389–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.3593.

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Schönborn, Konrad J., Gunnar E. Höst, Karljohan E. Lundin Palmerius, and Jennifer Flint. "Development of an Interactive Immersion Environment for Engendering Understanding about Nanotechnology." International Journal of Virtual and Personal Learning Environments 5, no. 2 (April 2014): 40–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijvple.2014040104.

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The advent of nanoscientific applications in modern life is swiftly in progress. Nanoscale innovation comes with the pressing need to provide citizens and learners with scientific knowledge for judging the societal impact of nanotechnology. In rising to the challenge, this paper reports the developmental phase of a research agenda concerned with building and investigating a virtual environment for communicating nano-ideas. Methods involved elucidating core nano-principles through two purposefully contrasting nano “risk” and “benefit” scenarios for incorporation into an immersive system. The authors implemented the resulting 3D virtual architecture through an exploration of citizens' and school students' interaction with the virtual nanoworld. Findings suggest that users' interactive experiences of conducting the two tasks based on gestural interaction with the system serve as a cognitive gateway for engendering nano-related understanding underpinning perceived hopes and fears and as a stimulating pedagogical basis from which to teach complex science concepts.

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Lee, Chih-Kung. "The field of applied mechanics: historical outlook from past to present and its implications for future applications." Journal of Mechanics 38 (2022): 586–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jom/ufac042.

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Abstract The focus of this paper is to look at the development of the field of Applied Mechanics from past to present. With a historical perspective, we can better understand the important contributions and achievements that the field of Applied Mechanics has played in our society. The paper will begin by reviewing the history of Applied Mechanics over the past 400 years, followed by looking at engineering education in the 19th and 20th centuries, and then examining the evolution of Applied Mechanics in society today. We will discuss some of today's interdisciplinary developments in Applied Mechanics such as the buckling of ferromagnetic materials in strong magnetic fields, mechanics-based nanoscale measurement instruments, radio frequency microelectromical systems, biochips and nanotechnology. Finally, we will conclude by looking at Maslow's Five-level Theory of Human Needs and provide several innovative examples to further implement innovative models of Applied Mechanics research to teach more advanced knowledge in today's artificial intelligence and information technology based society.

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Ong, Eddie W., B. L. Ramakrishna, W. S. Glaunsinger, V. B. Pizziconi, and A. Razdan. "Remote Scanning Probe Microscopy and its Uses in Distancelearning and Educational Outreach." Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (August 2001): 810–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600030129.

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Abstract: Tele-microscopy has become a very active area of research and development in the 1990s where there was a desire to give researchers better access to expensive and specialized microscopes, breaking geographical and time barriers. Rapid advances in telecommunication, computers, and microscopy technologies make possible the establishment of the World Wide Web and the realization of the goal of developing a “laboratory without walls”. This provides unprecedented opportunities for researchers and educators alike to gain access to shared instrumental and educational resources.In this presentation, a description of the Interactive Nano-Visualization for Science and Engineering Education (IN-VSEE) project will be given. The primary goals of IN-VSEE are to (i) convey the excitement of nanoscience and nanotechnology to promote studentmotivated learning and pursuit of science and engineering careers, (ii) teach fundamental interdisciplinary concepts in science and engineering using a visual format to help students learn and integrate information more effectively, (iii) provide students with the capability to routinely explore materials in three dimensions with resolutions at the nanoscale and even down to the atomic scale, and (iv) demonstrate the feasibility of remote operation of research-grade laboratory instrumentation for development into a powerful educational and collaborative tool.

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Jaya vabushana V, Lakshmi T, and Gayathri R. "Knowledge and awareness on the use of gold and silver nanoparticles in endodontics practice - A survey." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL3 (October 22, 2020): 1780–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl3.3516.

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To make mindfulness and teach professionals about the impact of consolidating gold and silver NPs on the shear bond quality in endodontics. Silver and Gold nanoparticles have uncommon attributes that settle on them as great decisions as fillers for dental caries filling. They could remain in nanoscale in the nearness of appropriate stabilizers which implies little collection or bunching and consistently dispersed particles. They have high synthetic dependability and make them simple to be integrated and controlled. Biocompatibility makes them nontoxic for living beings. Some considered the nearness of nanoparticles could redirect the miniaturized scale split and viably increment the protection from the applied force to diminish the clinical disappointments because of less bond quality composite. This study will be helpful. This overview assesses the information and mindfulness on the utilization of gold and silver nanoparticles in endodontic practice. An absolute number of 20 articles were chosen—period (or) term considered for reference articles 2000 to 2020. The information for this article was gathered from web search tools like PUBMED, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, MESH, COCHRANE, SEMANTIC SCHOLAR. Through this examination, we have talked about the mindfulness utilization of gold and silver nanoparticles in endodontic practice. It makes professionals know about the benefits of gold and silver nanoparticles.

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Zhu, Yourun, Senlin Ren, and Xiaolong Li. "Novel High-Efficiency Nanocomposite Gate Design of Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata Based on Deep Learning." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (June 8, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9596165.

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With the development of science and technology, the feature size of CMOS devices will always shrink to the limit. Therefore, some new nanodevices will eventually become substitutes for microelectronic devices. A new electronic revolution will break out. Nanoscience and technology is the high-tech frontier technology of the century and one of the main contents of scientific development in the new era. Its development will have a profound impact on other disciplines, industries, and society. Nanoelectronics is an important part of the discipline of nanoscience and technology, which represents the development trend of microelectronics and will become the foundation of the next generation of electronic science and technology. With the development of ultra-large-scale integrated circuits, the feature size of electronic devices is getting smaller and smaller and has entered the nanoscale from the microscale. When the size of the system is small enough to be compared with the wavelength of electrons, the quantum effect becomes the dominant current-carrying main factor in child behavior. While these new phenomena and new effects bring challenges to the original semiconductor devices, they also provide opportunities for the development of new devices. Evolutionary circuit design is based on cellular neural network and quantum-dot cells, designs combinational logic circuits through the evolutionary algorithm, uses the logic gate based on cellular neural network design as the population gene of evolutionary circuit design, enriches the diversity of the population, and improves the evolutionary algorithm at the same time, the success rate of the improved genetic algorithm for evolutionary circuits has been greatly improved, and the failure rate has been reduced from 14% to 2%, obtaining a faster evolution speed and improving the performance of the evolution circuit.

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Wolbring, Gregor. "Bio-tech, NanoBio-Tech, SynBio-tech, NanoSynBio-tech? The changing face of biotech law? (Part I)." Journal of International Biotechnology Law 4, no. 5 (January 26, 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jibl.2007.026.

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AbstractFor everyone involved in the governance and economics of science and technology the subject becomes more and more complicated. Today's scientific news is increasingly faster replaced by even more astonishing news. New science and technology (S&T) fields and new S&T ‘buzzwords’ appear at an ever-increasing speed. ‘Biotech’ and genetic engineering are buzzwords for many decades with 43,000,000 and 2,230,000 Google hits respectively. In the last few years nanotechnology joined the rank of buzzwords with already 16,300,000 Google hits. The nano-visibility increase influenced the appearance of nano-bio fusion terms and vice versa. Nanobiotechnology generates 538,000; nanobiotechnology 603,000 and nanobio-technology 539,000 Google hits. DNA-Nanotechnology produces 35,700 hits. ‘Synthetic biology’ (synbio) stormed onto the scene in the last two years with already 964,000 Google hits. As the popularity of synbio increases one can expect ‘Nano-synthetic biology’, ‘Nano-synbiotechnology’ or similar terms to increasingly appear. In June 2007 a meeting created the ”Ilulissat Statement Synthesizing the Future a vision for the convergence of synthetic biology and nanotechnology”. The increasing appearance of fusion terms fits the increased move towards and discourse about converging different sciences and technologies. One influential event in this regards was the 2001 National Science Foundation and Department of Commerce (USA) workshop ””Nanotechnology, Biotechnology, Information technology and Cognitive science (NBIC): Converging Technologies for Improving Human Performance”. which coined the term NBIC. The workshop stated: ”The integration and synergy of the four technologies (nano-bio-info-cogno) originate from the nanoscale, where the building blocks of matter are established.”

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"Nanoscale Horizons Emerging Investigator Series: Dr Huiyuan Zhu, Virginia Tech, USA." Nanoscale Horizons, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2nh90039d.

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Our Emerging Investigator Series highlights exceptional work by early-career nanoscience and nanotechnology researchers. This editorial features an interview with our first Emerging Investigator, Dr Huiyuan Zhu from Virginia Tech, USA.

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Jaszczak, John A., and Bruce E. Seely. "Planting Seeds: Including Nanotechnology Education into Engineering Curricula." MRS Proceedings 931 (2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-0931-kk01-08.

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ABSTRACTAs part of a Nanotechnology Undergraduate Education program funded by NSF, a team of faculty at Michigan Technological University has developed a suite of educational and research experiences intended to introduce undergraduate students to the exciting prospects and challenges of nanoscale science and engineering. Although open to all students, the program was designed in particular for engineering students whose curricula have relatively little flexibility. Engineering students at Michigan Tech follow a common first-year curriculum, and as is true at most engineering colleges, their courses of study are highly structured. In order to bring introductory nanotechnology content to both engineering and non-engineering majors, activities were developed to fit into or to modestly supplement existing curricular frameworks. The program seeks to introduce students to three foundational aspects of work at the nanoscale: the underlying scientific principles, possible scientific and engineering applications, and the societal implications of implementation of nanotechnology. A web site (http://nano.mtu.edu/) was developed as a central focal point for nano-related research activities at Michigan Tech. This paper presents additional background and discusses the challenges related to the project, a brief overview of the educational activities, a more in-depth description of those activities deemed to be the most successful, and a description of some lessons learned.

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Jones, M. Gail, Grant E. Gardner, Michael Falvo, and Amy Taylor. "Precollege nanotechnology education: a different kind of thinking." Nanotechnology Reviews 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2014-0014.

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AbstractThe introduction of nanotechnology education into K-12 education has happened so quickly that there has been little time to evaluate the approaches and knowledge goals that are most effective to teach precollege students. This review of nanotechnology education examines the instructional approaches and types of knowledge that frame nanotechnology precollege education. Methods used to teach different forms of knowledge are examined in light of the goal of creating effective and meaningful instruction. The developmental components needed to understand concepts such as surface area to volume relationships as well as the counterintuitive behavior of nanoscale materials are described. Instructional methods used in precollege nanotechnology education and the levels at which different nanoscale topics are introduced is presented and critiqued. Suggestions are made for the development of new nanotechnology educational programs that are developmental, sequenced, and meaningful.

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Hu, C. K., L. M. Gignac, B. C. Baker-O'Neal, G. Bonilla, E. G. Liniger, and P. L. Flaitz. "Electromigration Reliability in Nanoscale Cu Interconnects." MRS Proceedings 1036 (2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-1036-m05-02.

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AbstractElectromigration behavior in Cu damascene wires was studied for various Cu grain struc-tures. The grain size was modulated by Cu linewidth and thickness, and by adjusting the wafer annealing process step after Cu electroplating and before Cu chemical mechanical polishing. A larger variation of Cu grain size between the samples was achieved on CMOS 65 nm node tech-nology than previous nodes which was due to the finer line width and thinner metal thickness. The Cu lifetime and mass flow in samples with bamboo, near bamboo, bamboo-polycrystalline mixture, and polycrystalline grain structures were measured. The effects of a Cu(2.5 wt.% Ti) alloy seed, Cu surface pre-clean, and selective electroless CoWP deposition techniques on Cu electromigration were also observed and a significantly improved Cu lifetime was found. The electromigration activation energies for Cu in Cu(Ti) alloy, along Cu/amorphous a-SiCxNyHz in-terface and grain boundary were found to be 1.3, 0.95 and 0.79 ± 0.05 eV, respectively. In addition the Cu line size effect on the Cu conductivity for Cu area less than 4×104 nm2 was found to be a linear function of the Cu line area.

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Crone, Wendy C., Amy C. Payne, Greta M. Zenner, Arthur B. Ellis, George C. Lisensky, S. Michael Condren, and Ken W. Lux. "Using Interdisciplinary Examples in Nanotechnology to Teach Concepts of Materials Science and Engineering." MRS Proceedings 760 (2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-760-jj2.6.

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ABSTRACTThe National Science Foundation-supported Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC) on Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces at the University of Wisconsin – Madison has an extensive education and outreach effort. One theme of this effort is the development of instructional materials based on cutting-edge research in nanoscale science and engineering. The Nanoworld Cineplex contains movies and demonstrations that can be brought into classes, and the Nanotechnology Lab Manual contains numerous experiments that can be used for virtual or actual laboratories. Also available are kits, software, teaching modules and articles. A hands-on kit for nontechnical audiences, “Exploring the Nanoworld,” has been produced in collaboration with the Institute for Chemical Education.In this paper, novel hands-on demonstrations and innovative laboratory experiments aimed at the college level will be highlighted. High-tech devices and materials such as light emitting diodes (LEDs), shape memory alloys, amorphous metal, and ferrofluids are discussed in the classroom and studied in the laboratory as illustrations of nanotechnology and its impact on energy, the environment and our quality of life. These examples illustrate interdisciplinary research that provides connections among materials science, chemistry, physics, engineering, and the life sciences. They also highlight the tools of nanotechnology, such as scanning probe microscopy, electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and chemical vapor deposition, which are associated with the preparation and characterization of nanostructured materials. Demonstrations of the incorporation of nanotechnology to teach fundamental materials science principles presented are summarized at http://www.mrsec.wisc.edu/edetc.

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Glotzer, S. C., M. A. Horsch, M. H. Lamm, C. R. Iacovella, and Z. L. Zhang. "Teaching Computational Materials Science for Nanoscale Science and Engineering." MRS Proceedings 827 (2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-827-bb2.4.

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AbstractWe describe the development of a graduate level course designed to teach computational materials science and its application to nanoscale science and engineering. We discuss the use of MatDL, a web-based digital library and materials science resource, as a collaborative learning tool within the context of the course.

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Wade, Maya, Beth Tinker, Andrew Greenberg, and Ronald Dean Redwing. "Zoom in on Life: Using Biological Processes to Teach the Public about Nanotechnology." MRS Proceedings 909 (2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-0909-pp01-08.

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AbstractThrough a partnership between the NSF-funded Material Research Science and Engineering Center, Center for Nanoscale Science, at Penn State University and Philadelphia's science museum The Franklin Institute the "Nano-Bio: Zoom in on Life!" program has been produced and distributed to 20 science and children museums in the United States and one science museum in Canada. Distributed shows include the materials needed to perform the demonstration, supplies for a year and additional information including educational materials and a training video. This cart based program includes interactive demonstrations that highlight processes in the human body that occur at the nanoscale and how scientists are exploring natural processes to develop new nanotechnology and nanomaterials. This show is the second in a series of collaborations to create programs for the informal science education world. A development team including Penn State University faculty, postdoctoral fellows, graduate students and Franklin Institute staff worked over two years to develop the show. Instrumental in the development were graduate students who were part of a jointly run Penn State-Franklin Institute NSF-funded Internships in Public Science Education (IPSE) program. These science education graduate students helped create, test, and enhance the demonstrations for the Zoom in on Life program.

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Chizmeshya, A. V. G., J. Drucker, R. Sharma, and R. W. Carpenter. "Real Time Nanostructure Imaging for Teaching Nanoscience and Nanotechnology." MRS Proceedings 931 (2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-0931-kk03-07.

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ABSTRACTOur experiences in research on nanoscience and technology using various microscopies to observe materials synthesis reactions and to measure local (∼ 0.1-100 nm scale) structure and composition variations in solids provide some very useful examples to introduce students to important concepts of the field. The fundamental concept to illustrate is the nanometer length scale, of course, but other concepts such as mass and energy flows at the nanometer level and their effects on materials properties are at least as important, but more difficult to bring to students in a challenging but understandable way. We are using dynamic in situ or animated microscopy experiments in several material systems to teach these concepts. These experimental research results provide a useful basis for student computer modeling experiments, to give them direct participation in nanoscale materials research at an appropriate level. We are also exploring student group participation in live (interactive) electron microscopy experience via remote access into a suitably equipped computer visualization classroom.

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Huffman, Douglas, John Ristvey, Anne Tweed, and Elisabeth Palmer. "Integrating nanoscience and technology in the high school science classroom." Nanotechnology Reviews 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2014-0020.

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AbstractIn the National Science Foundation funded NanoTeach development project, high school teachers participated in a year-long professional development experience where they learned about emerging nanoscale science and technology (NS&T) content and research-based instructional strategies to support effective classroom lesson design and implementation. Program participants from four states were assigned either to the fully facilitated model or to the team study approach. Case studies were prepared for four participants from the Louisiana site, two from the fully facilitated NanoTeach model group and two from the team study NanoTeach group. Data for the case studies included in this article include qualitative and quantitative data regarding the changes in teachers’ NS&T knowledge and their ability to teach the content using the effective strategies included in the professional development sessions and resource materials. The case studies provide new insights into the ways teachers’ integrated NS&T in the high school curriculum.

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Oxenham, Joseph A., and Kasif Teker. "The Impact of Hands-on Experience in Undergraduate Nanotechnology Education." MRS Proceedings 1320 (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2011.579.

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ABSTRACTNanotechnology, a field interested in materials with features smaller than 100 nanometers and possessing novel properties, is a field that is unquestionably in a period of rapid growth. As the limits of existing technologies are pressed, the need arises for faster, better, and stronger materials and devices. Manipulation of matter on the nanoscale is quickly becoming the next frontier of materials and technology. Due to the scale of the phenomena and the exploratory nature of nanoscience and nanotechnology, a high degree of knowledge in many diverse fields is required. This requires a centralized presentation to students in order to best teach them the required knowledge.In the past, knowledge has mostly been transferred hand-to-hand on an active level. However, in modern education, the classroom and lectures take a more active role. With this rise, the position and focus of hands-on work has diminished [1], while at the same time undergraduates remain isolated from research being conducted at universities [2]. With the broad nature of nanoscience and nanotechnology, it is becoming more important to maximize students’ learning ability in order to train future researchers and workforce. This paper explores the impact of a hands-on research experience in undergraduate nanotechnology education. This experience is presented to show the importance of student involvement on hands-on projects for their learning process.

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Cheng, Yuan-Qiu, Yu-Xin Yue, Hong-Mei Cao, Wen-Chao Geng, Lan-Xing Wang, Xin-Yue Hu, Hua-Bin Li, et al. "Coassembly of hypoxia-sensitive macrocyclic amphiphiles and extracellular vesicles for targeted kidney injury imaging and therapy." Journal of Nanobiotechnology 19, no. 1 (December 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12951-021-01192-w.

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Abstract Background Hypoxia is a major contributor to global kidney diseases. Targeting hypoxia is a promising therapeutic option against both acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease; however, an effective strategy that can achieve simultaneous targeted kidney hypoxia imaging and therapy has yet to be established. Herein, we fabricated a unique nano-sized hypoxia-sensitive coassembly (Pc/C5A@EVs) via molecular recognition and self-assembly, which is composed of the macrocyclic amphiphile C5A, the commercial dye sulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine (Pc) and mesenchymal stem cell-excreted extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs). Results In murine models of unilateral or bilateral ischemia/reperfusion injury, MSC-EVs protected the Pc/C5A complex from immune metabolism, prolonged the circulation time of the complex, and specifically led Pc/C5A to hypoxic kidneys via surface integrin receptor α4β1 and αLβ2, where Pc/C5A released the near-infrared fluorescence of Pc and achieved enhanced hypoxia-sensitive imaging. Meanwhile, the coassembly significantly recovered kidney function by attenuating cell apoptosis, inhibiting the progression of renal fibrosis and reducing tubulointerstitial inflammation. Mechanistically, the Pc/C5A coassembly induced M1-to-M2 macrophage transition by inhibiting the HIF-1α expression in hypoxic renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) and downstream NF-κB signaling pathway to exert their regenerative effects. Conclusion This synergetic nanoscale coassembly with great translational potential provides a novel strategy for precise kidney hypoxia diagnosis and efficient kidney injury treatment. Furthermore, our strategy of coassembling exogenous macrocyclic receptors with endogenous cell-derived membranous structures may offer a functional platform to address multiple clinical needs. Graphical Abstract

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Journal articles on the topic 'Tech nanoscalate'

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