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1
Facchin, Andrea <1986>. "Teaching Arabic as a foreign language." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/10303.
Full textAbstract:
La presente ricerca si colloca nel campo della didattica dell’arabo come lingua straniera (TAFL) ed intende passare in rassegna le tappe fondamentali di tale materia dall’inizio degli anni Sessanta ai giorni nostri nel mondo arabo e nello specifico in tre paesi: Tunisia, Egitto, Arabia Saudita.
Nella ricerca presta particolare attenzione alla produzione TAFL in materia di sistemi di qualificazione linguistica quali scale di livello, esami di piazzamento, test in generale.
2
Ferrari, Giorgia. "Teaching and learning Arabic variation through vocabulary." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/34217.
Full textAbstract:
The field of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language (TAFL) has seen in recent decades a growing interest in portraying and teaching one of the most salient and intrinsic features of Arabic: language variation. This thesis takes a position in contrast to approaches that portray the two varieties as being distinct and well-defined dichotomic units, in favour of an approach that interprets them as two heterogeneous language varieties within one singular linguistic system. The two language varieties are embodied by Standard and Colloquial Arabic and it is argued here for the teaching of both varieties to students of Arabic as a foreign language. In this light, this thesis sets out to investigate the development of two language skills, vocabulary knowledge and language awareness, in a diglossic learning environment. Moreover, it explores the attitudes and perceptions of the students towards Arabic variation. Two experimental methods based on focus-on-form instruction are used in this research to teach Colloquial Arabic to students of Arabic as a foreign language at higher-education level, and the empirical research is conducted within a semi-embedded research design in which qualitative and quantitative data are collected. Students from three universities participate in this research: the Universities of Exeter, Genoa and Milan. This allows for the comparison of results from students of different mother tongues. The main research question that this thesis sets out to answer is: does focus-on-form instruction lead to vocabulary development in two diglossic varieties, namely Standard and Colloquial Arabic, more effectively when it focuses on the two varieties separately or when it links their forms? Two sub-questions investigate which of the two methods of focus-on-form instruction lead more efficiently to the development of language awareness, and the impact they have on students’ attitudes towards Arabic variation. The last sub-question asks to what extent the development of the diglossic language skills and attitudes is a consequence of the method of instruction received. The results of this study suggest that the answer lies in focusing predominantly on one variety at a time with additional consolidation exercises that compare the forms of the two varieties. The main contributions of this thesis are both theoretical, to the literature of TAFL, and empirical, regarding the development of the language skills and attitudes measured.
3
Kseibat, Dawod. "Adaptive intelligent tutoring for teaching modern standard Arabic." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/134371.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this PhD thesis is to develop a framework for adaptive intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) in the domain of Modern Standard Arabic language. This framework will comprise of a new approach to using a fuzzy inference mechanism and generic rules in guiding the learning process. In addition, the framework will demonstrate another contribution in which the system can be adapted to be used in the teaching of different languages. A prototype system will be developed to demonstrate these features. This system is targeted at adult English-speaking casual learners with no pre-knowledge of the Arabic language. It will consist of two parts: an ITS for learners to use and a teachers‘ tool for configuring and customising the teaching rules and artificial intelligence components among other configuration operations. The system also provides a diverse teaching-strategies‘ environment based on multiple instructional strategies. This approach is based on general rules that provide means to a reconfigurable prediction. The ITS determines the learner‘s learning characteristics using multiple fuzzy inferences. It has a reconfigurable design that can be altered by the teacher at runtime via a teacher-interface. A framework for an independent domain (i.e. pluggable-domain) for foreign language tutoring systems is introduced in this research. This approach allows the system to adapt to the teaching of a different language with little changes required. Such a feature has the advantages of reducing the time and cost required for building intelligent language tutoring systems. To evaluate the proposed system, two experiments are conducted with two versions of the software: the ITS and a cut down version with no artificial intelligence components. The learners used the ITS had shown an increase in scores between the post-test and the pre-test with learning gain of 35% compared to 25% of the learners from the cut down version.
4
Shaheen, Muhammad. "Theories of translation and their applications to the teaching of English/Arabic-Arabic/English translating." Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 1991. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/637.
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Soliman, Rasha Kadry Abdelatti Mohamed. "Arabic cross-dialectal conversations with implications for the teaching of Arabic as a second language." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9119/.
Full textAbstract:
This research is divided into two interlinked parts. The first part reviews literature on the diglossia and variability of the Arabic language and investigates how mutual intelligibility is achieved in informal conversations between speakers of different Arabic dialects. 11 conversations were recorded between speakers of 12 Arabic dialects. Instances of borrowing from Modern Standard Arabic were observed and analysed. The participants were also interviewed after the recorded conversations in order to get more insight into the listening comprehension strategies that they applied to achieve intelligibility. The results show that the native speakers tend to rely mostly on their native dialect in cross-dialectal interaction with a much smaller number of borrowings from Modern Standard Arabic in comparison with previous studies. A number of listening strategies were observed to be used in order to aid intelligibility. These strategies included making use of the context, ignoring non-content words and making use of their linguistic knowledge and the root and pattern system in Arabic as a frame of reference in comprehending unfamiliar cognates. The analysis also showed that dialect familiarity has a major role in aiding comprehension between the native speakers of different Arabic dialects. The second part, first, examines the needs of learning Arabic as a second language in Higher Education, then presents a case study that tests the advanced Arabic learners’ level of cognate recognition in unfamiliar dialects and whether explicit strategy teaching and lexical training can improve their dialectal lexical comprehension. Five final year university students of Arabic with an advanced level in MSA and exposure to a dialect participated in this study. Pre and post-tests of dialectal listening comprehension were administered. The results of a higher score in the post-test confirmed that the explicit strategy training helped the Arabic students to achieve better comprehension of cognates in unfamiliar dialects.
6
Masood, Munazzah. "ARABIC IN PAKISTAN PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS IN THE FIELD OF TEACHING AND TESTING: ARABIC IN PAKISTANPROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS IN THE FIELD OF TEACHING AND TESTING." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-156200.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation discusses with both the teaching and testing systems associated with the language of Arabic in Pakistan. This study does not only discuss the pedagogical issues of teaching this language in Pakistan, but it also highlights the importance of it being a symbolic language and the resultant symbolic interpretation. The focus of the study is the translation and interpretation of the Arabic language and how it has affected socio-political aspects, in general, and linguistic issues, in particular, in Pakistan. Due to the Arabic language, linguistic symbolism has brought a distinctive intervention in the society. Arabic, as a symbolic language, has promoted a parallel ideological perspective in Pakistan.
This study was conducted in four phases. The first phase was empirical and it started in 2009 with the translation and teaching of the book entitled, “Modern Stan-dard Arabic: An Elementary-Intermediate Course” to the Arabic-language students in Lahore, Pakistan. The second phase was to evaluate the translation and teaching of the book with the help of pre- teaching and post-teaching assessments. The third phase of the research was to understand the scope of the Arabic language as it exists in Pakistan with the help of the survey method. The researcher interviewed 220 conveniently selected respondents in Lahore and Multan, Pakistan. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze the three types of data (pre-teaching, post-teaching and the scope of the Arabic language). The fourth phase of the research was to analyze the data that comprised the research report.
The study revealed that a significant majority (80%) of the respondents were interested in learning Arabic because it is the language of the Holy Qur’an and Islam. It also showed that people also wish to learn the Arabic language in order to secure employment in the Middle-Eastern and in the Arabian Gulf countries. The respondents also reported that they want to learn the Arabic language because of its rich literature of history, science and culture. However, the respondents were at odds with the traditional method of teaching and testing the Arabic language. As a result, these students were learning less language but more ideological construct in the name of Arabic. This pedagogical problem has serious consequences.
The study also found that the “Modern-Standard Arabic: An Elementary-Intermediate Course” is an excellent resource to use to change the traditional peda-gogical skills. It ascertained that people shifted their traditional perspective of the Arabic learning for religious purposes to the “living language”, the language of everyday conversation. The students of the course ranked the “Modern Standard Arabic” high as compared to the traditional methods of teaching. However, they also had trouble and these were highlighted in the dissertation.
This research gleaned that Madrasas (religious schools) in Pakistan were the major source of the Arabic-language teaching in Pakistan. These Madrasas teach with traditional methods and imparted a vested interest-based interpretation of the religion. In this way, the Arabic language as it existed in Pakistan did not give real linguistic meaning to the students but rather give a single-dimension perspective of the religion to the students. This inadequate teaching of the language has simultaneously promoted less tolerance and has expanded the extremist point of view in Pakistan. The language, in other words, seems to be a breeding ground of the extremism that appears to prevalent in Pakistan and thereby gives a misguided version of the language to the members of the society.
The second source of Arabic-language teaching in Pakistan was the public-sector universities. These universities were training students to become religious scholars rather than linguistics or translators/interpreters of the Arabic language. The focus of the syllabi of the universities promoted Islamic Arabic literature and the Middle-Eastern perspective of Islam. However, a few of the universities were promoting some level of standard Arabic and Arabic language. Nevertheless, linguistic Arabic as such was virtually non-existent and people regard the language of English as a linguistic subject.
Theoretically, ‘Arabic’ has not been treated as a living language in Pakistan. On the one hand, even native-Arabic societies did not take into account the importance of the Arabic language and they hardly emphasize the standardization of it. Native-speaking Arabic scholars have rarely developed theoretical perspectives of the Arabic language or have contributed to its linguistic theory, on the other hand. This state of affairs has developed pedagogical illusions regarding language and linguistics.
This dissertation argues that Arabic is a ‘living language’ and that to incorporate it as such a lot of work needs to be done. A standardization of both the language itself and the systems of teaching and testing it needs to be developped. This language re-quires a modernized perspective, both pedagogically as well as linguistically. Theatrically, Arabic requires linguistic perspectives in order to address the pedagogical illusion. Generally, these scientific developments are lacking in the Arabic language. The result is the misinterpretation, confusion and vagueness that have left space for Arabic to be regarded simply as a symbolic language. This symbolic perspective has promoted a single dimension of the language, i.e. the ideological construct, but has also reduced the role as a language of translation and linguistic vigour.
7
Alghamdi, Abdulmajeed Mohammed B. "Exploring Secondary School Principals’ and Arabic Language Teachers’ Beliefs and Practices with Technology in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Griffith University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367707.
Full textAbstract:
This study explores the uses of educational technology as echoed in principals’ and Arabic language teachers’ beliefs and classroom practices. The research is conducted in Saudi Arabia, where the integration of information and communication technologies (ICT) in schools is still at its infancy. Previous research indicates that the use of ICT in education has been limited. This thesis is based on the argument that these limitations result from the lack of the pedagogical use of technology. Understanding principals’ and teachers’ pedagogical rationales and in-depth responses is important for the successful integration of ICT. This research investigates teachers’ ICT beliefs and practices. In particular, this research endeavours to identify the relationship between teachers’ technology beliefs and practices in the classroom and the factors influencing this relationship. This study also investigates school principals’ beliefs on the use of technology and on teachers’ ICT practices. The study aims to identify the relationship between principals’ beliefs and teachers’ beliefs and practices with regard to ICT, as well as to confirm or determine other factors influencing teachers’ technology practices.
With the abundant studies measuring teachers’ self-reported attitudes and practices, and taking into consideration that teachers’ practices do not always reflect their beliefs, the researcher considers direct evidence of practice beyond self-reported practice as crucial in bridging research into school reality. Additionally, the nature of this study’s focus requires in-depth understanding and exploration.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Education and Professional Studies
Arts, Education and Law
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Al-Alawi, Bader. "Web based learning system : teaching Arabic language for beginners /." Leeds : University of Leeds, School of Computer Studies, 2003. http://www.leeds.ac.uk/cgi-bin/library/compst.pl?CAT=BSC&FILE=200304/al-alawi.pdf.
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Al-Osaimi, Saleh. "Beliefs about Arabic Language Learning Held by Students and Their Teachers at ITANA (Institute for the Teaching of Arabic to Non-Arabs) Riyadh, Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.515437.
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Alosh, Muhammad Mahdi. "The perception and acquisition of pharyngealized fricatives by American learners of Arabic and implications for teaching Arabic phonology." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1239970783.
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Nasban, Mohammed Suleiman. "A critical study and evaluation of the teaching of Arabic as a foreign language in Saudi Arabia : with reference to textbook analysis." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15379.
Full textAbstract:
Teaching Arabic as foreign language is a fairly new field of study, particularly in Western Universities. The aim of this thesis is to discuss one aspect of this field by concentrating on text-book analysis and evaluation. In carrying out this task we have formulated a set of questions to serve as parameters in the collection and analysis of data relevant to this task (appendix II). The subject of this practical study is vol. 1, entitled "Arabic for Beginners" of a series of books used for teaching Arabic to foreign adults at the Arabic Language Institute. Our study utilises a number of notions and considerations which are applicable to text-book analysis and evaluation generally. In Appendix I we deal with some of these points in an attempt to specify the theoretical dimension presupposed by our practical analysis. The thesis contains two main parts:- the theoretical part which deals with different aspects belonging to the teaching of Arabic as a foreign language, including the characteristics of the Arabic language and the teaching of sounds, vocabulary, constructions, and culture. The practical part, on the other hand, is concerned with the practical application and the outcome of the analysis of the text-book in terms of a set of criteria which may have applicability outside the immediate realm of Arabic foreign language teaching. The thesis contains four chapters. Chapter one deals with the characteristics of the Arabic language and its importance as a foreign language; it also concentrates on the objectives of Arabic language teaching as well as on the problem of syllabus design in relation to this language. Chapter two gives a general outline of the institutes and the materials of teaching Arabic as a foreign language in Saudi Arabia. Chapter three deals with the importance of sounds, vocabulary, constructions and culture, paying attention to their place in the text-book of teaching Arabic as a foreign Language. Chapter four sets out the results of applying the criteria of text-book evaluation to the book under investigation, pointing out its positive and negative features in the areas of sounds, vocabulary, constructions and culture.
12
Al-Qudah, Hatem Ahmed. "Students and the teaching of Arabic grammar at Jordanian schools." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2002. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/9841/.
Full textAbstract:
The main purpose of this study is to explore the reasons for students' weaknesses in grammar at Jordanian schools, taking as an example the upper basic stage (ages 14-16 years) in the Al-karak district. The study consists of nine chapters; the first three chapters explain the background and context of the study, the teaching of Arabic grammar in Jordan and the heart of the problem together with an outline of previous research. The fourth chapter explains the methodology and procedures of the study. The fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth chapters present the findings of the study and a discussion of the findings. And finally the ninth chapter is the conclusion and recommendations of the study. This chapter points out that some further research is needed in the area of grammar learning and teaching. The methods of data collection were the questionnaire and interview. One questionnaire was developed, directed to the teachers of Arabic and the students of the upper basic stage (eighth, ninth and tenth grades). The interviews were conducted with teachers of Arabic, students and the education supervisors. The sample of the questionnaire was 700 students and 135 teachers. The sample of the interview was 10 teachers, 15 students who were selected upon their willingness to be interviewed. 7 education supervisors who form the whole population were also interviewed. The collected data was analysed based on the frequencies and percentages of the responses. They showed several reasons for students' weaknesses in grammar which attracted high percentages of the participants' acceptance. For instance, 70 per cent of students considered the unavailability of audiovisual aids one of the reasons for their weaknesses in grammar. About half (58.6 per cent) of the students considered the lack of standard Arabic being used by the teachers of other subjects as one of the reasons for the weaknesses. From the teachers' point of view, two reasons attracted the vast majority (89.6 per cent) of their agreement. The first one was students' belief that the formal assessment for students' achievement is lenient. The second one was the lack of previous knowledge of grammar amongst students. The next strong reason for the weaknesses was students' belief that grammar is difficult to understand. Students' carelessness with previous preparation for grammar lessons was also considered one of the strong reasons for the weaknesses in grammar. Education supervisors emphasised that the procedures of teachers appointments are not based on the criteria of teachers' quality and that makes it possible to nominate some teachers who are not able to teach grammar successfully. They also blamed the lack of effective preparation for grammar lessons by the teachers. The supervisors stressed the teachers' weaknesses in grammar. There were many other more subtle reasons for the students' problems which are discussed in depth. The study came up with several recommendations to develop grammar teaching in Jordan as well as some further research related to this study. The original contribution of this study is the combination between the perceptions of students, teachers and education supervisors which enriches the data. It also discussed the procedures of teachers' appointing as one of the issues most neglected by most of the previous studies.
13
Al-Humidi, Hamed. "Arabic writing for occupational purposes (AWOP) : strategies of teaching writing." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2003. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/605/.
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This thesis is concerned with the Teaching of Arabic Writing for Occupational Purposes (TAWOP). Its main purpose is to develop an effective and practical approach to TAWOP in the context of Kuwait. Three research instruments were employed: questionnaire, observation and interviews. A structured questionnaire was given to the participants, all of whom were employed in various occupational fields in Kuwait, in order to measure a number of factors believed to affect the approach to the teaching of writing. Task observation was used to discover how the different writing strategies under study worked in practice. Semistructured interviews were conducted with the participants who performed the observed tasks, and also with teachers of Arabic, in order to determine the most effective strategies that could be used in TAWOP. This research provides sufficient evidence to suggest that combining two well understood approaches to the teaching of writing, known as the product and process approaches, will best fulfil the needs of learners of Arabic for occupational purposes, who are required to perform a variety of writing tasks in the workplace addressed to different readers, and using many different language aspects. This thesis consists of nine chapters. Chapter One presents the main aims of the study, and explains why it is significant. Chapter Two provides a description of the area of the study. Chapter Three discusses the concept of Language for Specific Purposes (LSP), considers its historical background, its definition and its various types, and explains the importance of taking the learner's needs into consideration. In Chapter Four we review the literature related to the teaching of writing. Chapter Five presents the proposed model of the study. Chapter Six discusses the methodology related to the research instruments used in the fieldwork. A full description is given of the aims, population, design and implementation of the research. The results of the questionnaire are analysed in detail in Chapter Seven, and in Chapter Eight the results of the observation sessions and the interviews are analyesd and interpreted. Finally, Chapter Nine summarises the main findings of the study, considers their implications, and makes recommendations for future research
14
Jadwat, Ayoob Y. "Teaching of Arabic as a foreign language (TAFL) : a study of the communicative approach in relation to Arabic." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2949.
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The study is concerned with the problem of how to improve the teaching of Arabic as a foreign or a second language. It lays down some of the essential foundation-work necessary for bringing about systematic and constructive improvements in the teaching of Arabic as a foreign language (TAFL) by investigating the contributions of modern linguistic sciences (such as applied linguistics, educational linguistics, psycholinguistics and sociolinguistics) to the development of foreign language (FL) teaching and learning. A survey of the literature indicates that a 'revolution' is currently taking place in FL teaching and that a new approach, known as the Communicative Approach (CA), has begun to emerge and influence the teaching of FLs in general, over the last decade or so. Since the CA is currently being adopted to the teaching of most major FLs and since this revolution has not yet had much impact on TAPL, the study explores the possibility of the application of the CA to the teaching of Arabic as a living language. The thesis is divided into 7 chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the importance of viewing the nature of language and FL teaching from a multidimensional point of view. Chapter 2 outlines the general nature and importance of the subject matter (i.e. the Arabic language) in a wide context. In order to understand what has directly or indirectly influenced the teaching practices of TAFL, Chapter 3 provides an overview of the development of views of FL teaching approaches and methods in recent times, from formalism (teacher-centred learning) to functionalism (student -centred learning). Chapter 4 concentrates on providing an interpretation of the current 'state of the art' of TPPL in Britain. A theoretical outline of the CA is presented in Chapter 5. This chapter provides a working hypothesis of a proposed integrative model for communicative competence that can be used as a practical reference tool in the relevant areas of communicative language development In TAPL. Chapter 6 focuses on one of these areas; communicative syllabus design, in which the stages in Arabic language programme development and types of communicative syllabuses are discussed. The last chapter concludes with a suggetion of specific further research needs in TAFL: communicative teaching methodology, communicative materials development, communicative testing techniques and communicative tea cher training.
15
Masood, Munazzah. "ARABIC IN PAKISTAN PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS IN THE FIELD OF TEACHING AND TESTING." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-191550.
Full textAbstract:
This book discusses with both the teaching and testing systems associated with the language of Arabic in Pakistan. This study does not only discuss the pedagogical issues of teaching this language in Pakistan, but it also highlights the importance of it being a symbolic language and the resultant symbolic interpretation. The focus of the study is the translation and interpretation of the Arabic language and how it has affected socio-political aspects, in general, and linguistic issues, in particular, in Pakistan. Due to the Arabic language, linguistic symbolism has brought a distinctive intervention in the society. Arabic, as a symbolic language, has promoted a parallel ideological perspective in Pakistan.
This study was conducted in four phases. The first phase was empirical and it started in 2009 with the translation and teaching of the book entitled, “Modern Standard Arabic: An Elementary-Intermediate Course” to the Arabic-language students in Lahore, Pakistan. The second phase was to evaluate the translation and teaching of the book with the help of pre- teaching and post-teaching assessments. The third phase of the research was to understand the scope of the Arabic language as it exists in Pakistan with the help of the survey method. The researcher interviewed 220 conveniently selected respondents in Lahore and Multan, Pakistan. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze the three types of data (pre-teaching, post-teaching and the scope of the Arabic language). The fourth phase of the research was to analyze the data that comprised the research report.
The study revealed that a significant majority (80%) of the respondents were interested in learning Arabic because it is the language of the Holy Qur’an and Islam. It also showed that people also wish to learn the Arabic language in order to secure employment in the Middle-Eastern and in the Arabian Gulf countries. The respondents also reported that they want to learn the Arabic language because of its rich literature of history, science and culture. However, the respondents were at odds with the traditional method of teaching and testing the Arabic language. As a result, these students were learning less language but more ideological construct in the name of Arabic. This pedagogical problem has serious consequences.
The study also found that the “Modern-Standard Arabic: An Elementary-Intermediate Course” is an excellent resource to use to change the traditional pedagogical skills. It ascertained that people shifted their traditional perspective of the Arabic learning for religious purposes to the “living language”, the language of everyday conversation. The students of the course ranked the “Modern Standard Arabic” high as compared to the traditional methods of teaching. However, they also had trouble and these were highlighted in the dissertation.
This research gleaned that Madrasas (religious schools) in Pakistan were the major source of the Arabic-language teaching in Pakistan. These Madrasas teach with traditional methods and imparted a vested interest-based interpretation of the religion. In this way, the Arabic language as it existed in Pakistan did not give real linguistic meaning to the students but rather give a single-dimension perspective of the religion to the students. This inadequate teaching of the language has simultaneously promoted less tolerance and has expanded the extremist point of view in Pakistan. The language, in other words, seems to be a breeding ground of the extremism that appears to prevalent in Pakistan and thereby gives a misguided version of the language to the members of the society.
The second source of Arabic-language teaching in Pakistan was the public-sector universities. These universities were training students to become religious scholars rather than linguistics or translators/interpreters of the Arabic language. The focus of the syllabi of the universities promoted Islamic Arabic literature and the Middle-Eastern perspective of Islam. However, a few of the universities were promoting some level of standard Arabic and Arabic language. Nevertheless, linguistic Arabic as such was virtually non-existent and people regard the language of English as a linguistic subject.
Theoretically, ‘Arabic’ has not been treated as a living language in Pakistan. On the one hand, even native-Arabic societies did not take into account the importance of the Arabic language and they hardly emphasize the standardization of it. Native-speaking Arabic scholars have rarely developed theoretical perspectives of the Arabic language or have contributed to its linguistic theory, on the other hand. This state of affairs has developed pedagogical illusions regarding language and linguistics.
This dissertation argues that Arabic is a ‘living language’ and that to incorporate it as such a lot of work needs to be done. A standardization of both the language itself and the systems of teaching and testing it needs to be developped. This language re-quires a modernized perspective, both pedagogically as well as linguistically. Theatrically, Arabic requires linguistic perspectives in order to address the pedagogical illusion. Generally, these scientific developments are lacking in the Arabic language. The result is the misinterpretation, confusion and vagueness that have left space for Arabic to be regarded simply as a symbolic language. This symbolic perspective has promoted a single dimension of the language, i.e. the ideological construct, but has also reduced the role as a language of translation and linguistic vigour.
16
Alalawneh, Fatmeh Waleed Ali. "Strategies Used to Teach Arabic as a Foreign Language." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1525269422061136.
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Bin, Yusof Md Yusnan. "The teaching of Arabic language at the International Islamic University Malaysia :." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434879.
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Abachi, A. "Investigating translation teaching methods through classroom interaction analysis : a case-study of Arabic-English teaching situation." Thesis, University of Salford, 1988. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26485/.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate translation teaching methods as practised in the classroom. Its content falls into two parts. Part One is a review of literature on translation teaching in general in which the main issues, such as the formal academic training of translators, are identified and the curriculum content described (Chapter 1). This is followed by a review of the theoretical aspects of translation teaching methods and their relation between language studies and translation theory (Chapter 2), the main purpose of which is to gain an overall understanding of the mechanism of translation and its techniques so as to facilitate the execution of the research. Part Two is the design of the research and its execution. The research is data-based. The data are tape-recorded translation lessons collected from 3 different classes in three different universities. A background to the procedure adopted for data-collection, the subjects who participated in this study, and the Sinclair system of classroom interaction analysis which was applied to the data are described in Chapter 3. This is followed by the application of Sinclair's system to the data on the basis of which a coding system was set up (Chapter 4). The data analysis revealed the existence of three different translation methods; namely the grammatical, the text-linguistic and the interpretive. The characteristics of each method are described and their implications analysed (Chapter 5). The thesis ends with a critical assessment of translation teaching in general and translation teaching methods in particular and proposes guidelines for an experiment for a unified teaching method.
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Dabrowski, Richard. "Criteria for appraising computer-based simulations for teaching Arabic as a foreign language." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2005. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA434095.
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Kadir, Jusoh. "The teaching of Arabic in Malaysia : A study of it's historical perspective, objectives and methods of teaching." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503602.
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Al-Sa'adi, Waleed K. "Language studies and translation teaching with special reference to Arabic and English." Thesis, University of Bath, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.237505.
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Mohamed, Amal Mahdi Ahmed. "Sudanese English language teachers' perceptions of using Arabic in teaching English : a case study of using Arabic in EFL tertiary classrooms." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.574402.
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The purpose of this case study is to explore the Sudanese English language teachers' perceptions of the use of L1 (Arabic) in university EFL classrooms of the use of L 1 in university EFL classrooms. It intends to describe and analyse what actually happens in university English language classrooms regarding L1 use to find out the extent to which Sudanese teachers used Arabic is used and what portion of the class time is conducted in Arabic. A further aim was to investigate why the English language Sudanese teachers Arabic in their EFL classes. The method of enquiry made use of face to face interviews, classroom observations as well as field notes. Data was collected from interviewing four Sudanese Arabic native speakers who teach English at one of the tertiary institutions in Sudan. Three lessons for each teacher were observed and audio-recorded. Each teacher was interviewed twice. Findings revealed that all four participant teachers think positively about using L 1 in the TL classroom especially when learners' level in the target language is very low as it is the case with the current Sudanese students. They also believe that L1 plays a very important role if it is judiciously used. All teachers used Arabic in their English language classrooms, but not to the extent they thought they do. The most surprising finding is that, apart from one exceptional lesson, none of them used Arabic utterances more than 2.31% of the class time. The results also showed that these teachers used Arabic language for a variety of purposes and reasons. These purposes were both pedagogical and non-pedagogical.
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Al-Jaafreh, Khaddra. "Teaching styles in the delivery of Arabic grammar in the south of Jordan." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270440.
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Amr, Muna Mhmoud. "Dyslexia in the Arabic language : graphical features of the Arabic text and reading accuracy in the context of teaching reading in Jordan." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611358.
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Tamimi, Mohammed Husni Mohammed. "Teaching Culture In Arabic: Perspectives On The Use Of Blended Learning And Hypermedia." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/565886.
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In contemporary foreign language pedagogy, effective teaching of intercultural communicative competence cannot be separated from the use of technology. Web 2.0, social media, mobile devices, online and blended learning, and wearing technology have made it nearly impossible to develop effective courses without basing them on the target culture. Teaching culture, however, is not salient in foreign language teaching; it is the most neglected part (Sercu, 2005) and culture has to defend its legitimacy to be integrated in teaching languages, just as Kramsch (1995) put it "...culture, in order to be legitimate, has always had to justify itself" (p. 85). As a result, teachers devote around 20% of their teaching time to teaching culture (Castro, Sercu & García, 2004). In recent years, nevertheless, there has been a shift in understanding, implementing and integrating teaching culture in foreign language settings (Bayyurt, 2006, Chamberlin-Quinlisk, 2012; Gonen & Aglam, 2012; Castro, et. al., 2004; Byram, 2002), but at a slow pace (Castro et al., 2004; Sercu, García, & Castro, 2005). The situation of teaching culture using technology in Arabic is not as advanced as for other foreign languages and the attempts to remedy the problems are limited. Although interest in learning Arabic has noticeably increased in the last twenty years, educational institutions are far from ready to absorb the new enrollments. The lack of the integration of culture and technology in the Arabic teaching context has led to conducting three interrelated studies in this dissertation which investigated: teaching culture in Arabic: Teachers' and learners perspectives; teaching culture in Arabic: learners' perspectives on blended learning setting; and teaching culture in Arabic: Learners' affect of Arabic Hypermedia. The results of the three studies showed that the teachers and the learners understand the important role that culture plays, but statistically significant differences exist between teachers' and learners' views of some of the aspects of culture teaching. The results also show that learners had positive feelings towards the blended setting and the Arabic Hypermedia. Finally, in a call for teaching language as culture using technology, the dissertation suggests practical pedagogical implications for teaching foreign language and Arabic language.
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Bouteldjoune, Abdelmohssen. "MOTIVATION IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNING SETTINGS: THE CASE OF ARABIC IN THE USA." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/868.
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The term motivation has been the key for several research studies in language learning since Gardner and Lambert (1972) introduced the term to the field; however, the term did not go beyond the two types instrumental and integrative. Several studies were built over these terms, but none of them has explicitly investigated the motivation for learning Arabic language as a foreign language in the USA. Arabic is one of the languages where motivation for learning in the USA is increasing, thus came this study to investigate the reasons and orientations i.e. initial motivation for learning Arabic and if the materials presented during a period of a semester affected the students' motivation. The main aim of this study was to explore the orientations of U.S. students at a public mid-western college to learn the Arabic language through a class research design. The obtained results showed that the participants were attracted to learn Arabic for personal development reasons such as understanding a different culture, understand the world and travel to an Arab country. A sub group of the participants were instructors and administrative stuff at an Intensive English Program at the school who wanted to learn Arabic for new academic reasons; they wanted to learn Arabic because it provides helpful techniques and knowledge for the TESL teachers and instructors to facilitate their teaching English as a second language for Arabic native speakers in the US. The study found that the US students in the university were more communication oriented in their learning and that they have shown a great interest in conversing with Arabic speakers and building friendships with them. The study has reinforced the direction of expanding the motivation in language learning scope and developed the classic integrative- instrumental dichotomy with the addition of a social motivation component. The students showed a huge interest in learning Arabic to socialize and build new relationships with individual native Arabic speakers. The study participants' development of the orientations for learning Arabic to sustained motivation was reinforced with the use of the class materials, mainly the textbook. The use of the textbook and the motivation of the students made it clear that the US students were highly concerned more about the communicative aspect of the language.
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Mohammed, Abdalla Musa Tair. "Needs analysis and course design for Dacwa students : teaching Arabic for specific purposes (TASP)." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1998. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/511/.
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It was found that the field of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language (TAFL) is not totally devoid of textbooks and research studies concerning Arabic for Specific Purposes (ASP). However, the greater part of these attempts lack a theoretical framework and, seemingly, guidance. Such attempts therefore fail to achieve their goals; hence, the researcher formed the opinion that a course for Teaching Arabic for Specific Purposes (TASP) needed to be designed. A theoretical framework for needs analysis and course design was required immediately as a first step. As my research focused on Saudi Arabia, the question was: What is the most important field to be taken as a case study? The obvious answer to this was Islamic Studies because students do not primarily come to Saudi to study medicine, or technical subjects: it is a fact that, more than 90% of final level students on TAFL programmes want to improve their Arabic in the field of Islamic Studies and more than 80% of them specifically chose the Islamic mission (dacwa) for their target purpose. It is the aim of this research to introduce the concept of Teaching Arabic for Specific Purposes to the field of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language in Saudi Arabia. It is in fact the groundwork to further detailed projects in this context. For this reason, an investigation was conducted in the following areas: Language for Specific Purposes, English for Specific Purposes, Language for Academic Purposes, Needs Analysis, and Course and Syllabus Design in the field of Teaching Languages for Specific Purposes. To bring the concept of Teaching Arabic for Specific Purposes into application, it was essential to study how a course could be developed in the light of the needs of the dacwa students in Saudi Arabia: the researcher undertook to assess and interpret the needs and demands of the students, the subject of dacwa, the teachers of dacwa, the TAFL teachers, the administrative staff in the Faculties of Dacwa and TAFL Institutes in Saudi Arabia. To ensure valid results, different methods were employed, such as: questionnaires, interviews and diagnostic tests. The findings of the needs analysis showed that reading was the most required skill for the students of dacwa and a course was designed to meet that objective.
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Ahmadullah, Morshid Safi. "Teaching and Learning second language : A comparison of teaching and learning Arabic and Dari languages in Secondary Schools of Kabul." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-37167.
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Afghan languages are, influenced by Arabic in the field of academic terms. Also, several Arabic words need to be learnt for daily conversation in Afghanistan. This study is about students and teachers’ views about learning and teaching Arabic and Dari as two second languages in the areas of Kabul where the residents’ native language as well as the language of instruction is Pashto. The aim of the study is to explore similarities and differences between teaching and learning Arabic and Dari in secondary schools of Kabul. The data for this quantitative study was collected from 9 schools in the eastern part of Kabul, Information was gathered through separate questionnaires for teachers and students as well as textbook analysis. The schools were selected via purposive sampling. A total of 60 students and 50 teachers (25 Dari and 25 Arabic) participated in this study. The main findings of the study included that all students are interested in learning both Arabic and Dari for various reasons. However, learning language helps students to understand the context of the textbooks and get knowledge about this is true about learning Arabic as it is a foreign language too. While teaching the languages, teachers only help students improve listening and reading skills as the teachers do most of the talking in class only sometime ask the students to repeat the lesson from textbook. The remaining two important skills i.e. writing and speaking are widely ignored because the teachers ask the students to do the writing at home and provide little time for verbal conversations inside class due to limited time. Likewise, the teachers thought it is important to focus on developing reading skills among students and very little or no attention is given to improving writing skills. In addition, memorization and recalling of information when required is the dominant feature of teaching in the schools I studied in this study. Arabic and Dari languages have lot of similarities, from having same alphabets to lot of common words. In my study most of students’ were interested to learn both Dari and Arabic, but the obstacle they faced during learning Arabic was, that there was not enough qualified Arabic language teachers but number of qualified teachers in Dari language was a lot and that made learning Dari easier for students who were interested. Generally, the results of this research confirm many previous results. However, a lot need to be done by teachers, school management and education authorities to improve the learning and teaching situations.TEMP
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Madkhali, Shaikah A. "Effects of training ESL Saudi female students on some reading strategies." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1317745.
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This study took place in the Institute of Public Administration (IPA) in Riyadh. It investigates the effectiveness of teaching four reading strategies on ESL Saudi female students' reading comprehension and on their reported use of these strategies. The strategies taught are two "global" strategies: finding main ideas and prediction. Global strategies are those related to general approach and comprehension of the reading passage. The other two strategies are problem solving strategies: word analysis and guessing meanings of words. Problem solving strategies are concerned with working directly and analyzing the reading text.The study has three goals. First, the study aims to investigate the impact of teaching global and problem solving strategies on preparatory level students' reading comprehension. Second, it compares the impact of teaching global strategies on reading comprehension and that of teaching problem solving strategies on readingcomprehension. Third, it measures how preparatory level students' perception of use of strategies develops after teaching these strategies to the students.There were three groups of preparatory students (beginning) representing two treatment groups and one control group. Each treatment group received training in different strategies. The number of students in the global strategy group was twenty-four, and in the problem solving strategy group it was twenty-two students. Students in the control group numbered twenty-one. Measurements consisted of reading comprehension tests and a questionnaire about reading strategies conducted over pre- and post-training stages.The results obtained from the two measurements lead to three findings. First, the two training groups (global and problem solving) experienced only non-significant improvement in their post- reading comprehension when compared to the control group. This means that reading strategy training did not significantly improve their reading comprehension. Second, there was no significant difference between the two treatment groups in their gain in reading comprehension. This implies that the present study did not show any favor of training students on global strategies over training them on problem solving strategies. Third, there were various results regarding students perception of using the strategies they were taught. Students mostly showed decrease in their perception of using strategies either significantly or non-significantly except for two strategies which were using context clues and prediction. Students showed more significant awareness of using contextual clues after the treatment. They also revealed an almost significant gain in their perception of using prediction.Department of English
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Mendel, Yonatan Yoni. "Arabic studies in Israeli-Jewish society : in the shadow of political conflict." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609996.
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Attia, Mariam Mohamed. "Teacher cognition and the use of technology in teaching Arabic to speakers of other languages." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/teacher-cognition-and-the-use-of-technology-in-teaching-arabic-to-speakers-of-other-languages(74dd167b-9da6-4e00-b6c0-cb2e7be3e782).html.
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This study investigates teacher cognition and technology use within a context of teaching Arabic to speakers of other languages. Specifically, teacher cognition is examined in relation to early learning experiences, teacher education, classroom practice, and work environment. Following a case study approach, three in-service teachers have been selected to represent different perspectives on using Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in language instruction. Findings suggest that teachers’ cognitions about teaching and learning, and about themselves as Arabic language professionals, shape technology use, determine reactions to perceived challenges, and illuminate differences between practitioners working within the same environment with regard to the integration of ICT into their practice. The research suggests that despite the absence of digital learning opportunities in early schooling and teacher education, these experiences still influence the choice of instructional strategies employed by teachers to support technology use. The study accentuates the role of context as a mediating force, supporting teacher cognition and ICT use, but also creating dissonance between them. Teacher cognition determines the weight that practitioners assign to different contextual factors. While lack of time is identified as the most significant barrier to adoption, peer collaboration is recognized as the most effective enabler for technology integration. Other key factors emerging in this study include institutional philosophy and policy, learning opportunities, and technical support. Conceptual, methodological, and professional contributions are addressed, and potential for further research is identified.
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Alkahtani, Adel Abdullah. "Evaluating Saudi Teachers’ Knowledge and Skills in Teaching Primary School Students to Read in Arabic." Thesis, Griffith University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365247.
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Expectations placed on the expertise of teachers and how this expertise should be utilised in the classroom is highly variable in different countries. This study explored these expectations on teachers of Arabic reading in upper grades of primary schools in Saudi Arabia, in three keys stages of reading instruction: the planning stage, the presentation stage, and the evaluation stage. The study was conducted in the province of Asir in Saudi Arabia, as Arabic reading instruction has been identified as problematic in some Saudi provinces. The purpose of this study is to reveal the knowledge and skill of the teachers of Arabic reading in grades five and six of primary school. This study developed five instruments (three questionnaires, content analysis checklist, and classroom observation checklist). The study attempted to answer the main question: What are the Saudi teachers’ knowledge and skills in teaching upper grades of primary school students to read in Arabic in terms of (planning, presentation and evaluation).Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Education and Professional Studies
Arts, Education and Law
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Ismail, Pengiran Anak Haji Amiruddin Alam Shah bin Pengiran Anak Haji. "The needs and objectives of the teaching and learning of Arabic language in Negara Brunei Darussalam." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485403.
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This case study aims, to establish the expectations of future trends of teaching Arabic in Negara Brunei Darussalam, with special reference to 1pe findings of the Needs Analysis in teaching and learning Arabic in educational institutions (Arabic Secondary School, ASS and Universiti B1\lIlei. Darussalam, UBD), and government . ~ . Ministries (the Ministry ofReligious Affairs, MRA; the Ministry ofEducation, MOE; and Ministry of Foreign Affairs, :MFA). A questionnaire was developed and used for students in the schools and university, and for officers in the three ministries. The ~concept of teaching is understood' here as a process that is fundamentally and inseparably bound up with learning. The teaching of a language based on learnerqentred ,education has become a new trend in the teaching of a language' in recent years. This should be considered as leading to the development and improvement of , the teaching of Arabic in the above mentioned institutions. The teaching of the target language should be focused on learner behaviour and should be coordinated with the learner's goals in, needs for, and objectives in the studying of Arabic; In fact, ,acknowledgment that learners have needs has resulted in the identification of many· factors which influence the learning and teaching process. Issues related to the teaching and learning of Arabic in each institution has been discussed, and some problems have been detected and defined. To solve these problems, I have proposed several recommendations and suggestions; it is hoped and expected that the quality of the teaching and learning of the Arabic language in Negara Brunei Darussalam will thus be improved, arid iI). particular at the five institutions that require and use of Arabic.
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Ismail, A. R. B. H. "The teaching of Arabic in the Faculty of Islamic Studies in the National University of Malaysia." Thesis, University of Salford, 1993. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/14807/.
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This study is concerned with the teaching and learning of Arabic as a second or a foreign language in Malaysia in general and in the Faculty of Islamic Studies of the National University of Malaysia in particular. Its main purpose is to evaluate the existing Arabic program in the Faculty, and to provide some suggestions for its improvement. This thesis is divided into seven chapters. Chapter one provides some background to the teaching and learning of Arabic in Malaysia. The historical development of religious teaching and learning institutions in Malaysia, and the teaching and learning of Arabic in the existing Arabic and religious institutions in Malaysia are discussed. In addition, this first chapter also discusses the role and the status of Arabic in Malaysia in order to lay the ground for understanding the actual needs for Arabic in Malaysia. Chapters two and three are concerned with the review of the literature in second and foreign language program design. They discuss the factors involved in SL teaching and learning, the general framework to be used in designing SL program, methods and approaches for specifying goals and objectives for such program, and the syllabuses and teaching methodologies for SL teaching and learning. At the end of chapter three, general criteria for the design and evaluation of Arabic programs are described. Chapter four is concerned with the teaching and learning of Arabic to noi cttive speakers. It focuses on the historical development in TASL, issues and problems in TASL, and the teaching and learning of Arabic in the Faculty of Islamic Studies. In addition, this chapter defines the research problem, scope of the study, hypo thesis, and the research methods followed. Chapters five, six and seven are concerned with the description, analysis and discussions of the results. The results reveal that the existing Arabic program in the Faculty of Islamic Studies is not compatible with the needs for Arabic in Malaysia and in the Faculty itself. It is found that the major components of the existing program, namely objectives, syllabus content and teaching methodologies, are not compatible with the present stated goal of the program. The prescription and the design of the program components do not seem to comply with general principles for SL program design. In the light of these conditions, suggestions are provided for the improvement of the Arabic program in the Faculty. These suggestions include some important areas for further research.
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Al-Ajmi, M. H. "Teaching and learning Arabic writing to fourth grade students in the basic education schools in Oman." Thesis, University of Bath, 2007. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.437435.
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This study, which took the form of a case study approach, investigated the teaching and learning of Arabic writing in fourth grade Basic Education (BE) in the Sultanate of Oman. The aim was to understand how Arabic writing is taught in the BE schools, and how this influences students' performance in writing. In order, to achieve this aim, the teaching and learning of Arabic writing was explored from different angles, which incorporated the perspectives of curriculum professionals, teachers and students, in addition to classroom practices and students' written texts. This qualitative study used participant observation, interviews and document analysis to collect data related to investigative issues. An inductive approach was employed, to analyse observation and interview data, and content analysis was conducted for the document analysis. The findings of this investigation were divided into three chapters according to the emerged themes. The first chapter was about knowledge for writing, which included transcriptional and compositional knowledge, knowledge about writing forms (genres) and knowledge about the writing processes. The second chapter explained the writing pedagogy, teaching processes, teaching recourses and teacher’s roles in the writing classroom. The third chapter discussed the successful and limited aspects in the BE curriculum. Generally speaking, this study illustrated that teaching and learning Arabic writing is restricted by the official curriculum, which not only affects students' ability in writing, rather it also influences teachers' perspectives and practices in the writing classroom. Arabic writing in the fourth grade of the BE schools is taught in a prescribed manner, and few opportunities are granted for student to do creative writing. The emphasis in the Arabic writing curriculum of fourth grade is given for writing accuracy in terms of spelling, handwriting and grammar, rather than for creativity in writing. In the conclusion of this study, several recommendations were proposed for policymakers, curriculum professionals and teachers to assist them in enhancing the teaching and learning of Arabic writing.
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CARUGNO, CHIARA MARIA. "LA DIDATTICA DELL'ARABO COME LINGUA STRANIERA: DALL'ETA' ANTICA ALLA NASCITA DEL TEACHING ARABIC AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (TAFL) CON UN'INDAGINE EMPIRICA SUL PANORAMA ITALIANO." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2023. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/136090.
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La presente ricerca si focalizza sulla didattica della lingua araba in Italia. Lo scopo ultimo è la costruzione di un database che ne descriva le principali caratteristiche, indaghi gli aspetti positivi e le criticità che emergono, in particolar modo dall’utilizzo delle diverse metodologie di insegnamento utilizzate nei corsi di arabo, per comprendere meglio come la lingua araba sia studiata oggi all’interno del panorama italiano. Il lavoro è suddiviso in tre capitoli. Il primo ripercorre le tappe fondamentali che hanno condotto all’emergere del Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language (TAFL) sia a livello internazionale che in ambito italiano. All’interno di questo capitolo si sono inoltre affrontate tematiche ritenute di rilievo nel dibattito scientifico (livelli di competenza comunicativa, certificazioni linguistiche, insegnamento di una varietà dialettale). Successivamente, è stato studiato il contesto storico in cui la lingua araba e l’insegnamento della lingua araba fiorirono e l’evoluzione che esso subì a partire dall’epoca preislamica, attraverso i primi periodi dell’Islam, fino ad arrivare alla metà del II° secolo di al-Hiǧra. Infine, il terzo e ultimo capitolo presenta un’indagine empirica condotta con lo scopo di mappare la didattica della lingua araba, principalmente del Modern Standard Arabic, nel contesto accademico-istituzionale ed educativo italiano.This research focuses on the teaching of Arabic language in Italy. Its final aim is to devise a database describing its main characteristics, investigating both positive aspects and critical issues which emerge especially from using different teaching methodologies in Arabic language courses, to better understand how Arabic language is studied nowadays within the Italian context. The work has been divided into three chapters. The first one traces the main stages leading to the birth of the Teaching of Arabic as a Foreign Language (TAFL), both internationally and in the Italian environment. This chapter also deals with issues considered relevant in the scientific debate (e.g. levels of communicative competence, linguistic certifications, teaching a dialect). The second chapter studies the historical context within which Arabic language and its teaching flourished and the evolution it underwent starting from pre-Islamic era, through the first periods of Islam, up to the second half of al-Hiǧra. To conclude, the third chapter offers a survey conducted with the aim of mapping the teaching of Arabic language, mainly Modern Standard Arabic, in the Italian academic-institutional and educational context.
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Al, Masaeed Khaled. "Functions of Arabic-English Code-switching: Sociolinguistic Insights from A Study Abroad Program." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/301747.
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This sociolinguistic study examines the functions and motivations of code-switching, which is used here to mean the use of more than one language in the same conversation. The conversations studied here take place in a very particular context: one-on-one speaking sessions in a study abroad program in Morocco where English is the L1 and Arabic the L2 of the students, and the opposite applies to their speaking partners. The conversations in this study are conducted in Arabic, and the study focuses on code-switching from Arabic to English in spite of whether the L1 of the speaker is Arabic or English. The functions of code-switching in this study are examined from the perspective of two well-known competing sociolinguistic approaches to code-switching: (1) the markedness model (Myers-Scotton, 1993, 1998; Myers-Scotton and Bolonyai, 2001), based on micro and macro-levels of analysis, and (2) the conversational code-switching approach (Auer, 1984, 1995, 1998; Li Wei 2002), based on micro-levels of analysis. Application of the markedness model showed that marked instances of code-switching were used for a variety of functions, such as (1) strengthening solidarity between speakers; (2) taking care of business and show seriousness and authority; (3) adding aesthetic effects; and (4) playing with words for the sake of joking. The model also showed that unmarked switches served different functions such as (1) requesting the meaning of vocabulary and expressions; (2) asking for accommodation (repetition and speaking slower); (3) bridging a communication gap; (4) and providing expressions and the meaning of vocabulary when circumlocution does not work. The conversational code-switching approach revealed the following functions of code-switching: (1) quotations and reported speech; (2) reiteration (for clarification); (3) change of participant constellation (selection of addressee); (4) language play; and (5) language negotiation. Both approaches proved effective in analyzing the Arabic-English data in this study. However, the analysis shows that the markedness model has an advantage over the conversational code-switching approach. The data shows evidence that speakers' choices are based on rationality rather than on sequential structure. Participants code-switch based on their own goals and what linguistic codes are available to them to achieve these goals.
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Pyle, Doraina D. "Teaching Vocabulary Meaningfully With Language, Image, and Sound." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2875.pdf.
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El-Fiki, Hana A. "Code-mixing of Arabic and English in a university science-teaching context : frequency, grammatical categories, and attitudes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0001/MQ43593.pdf.
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Al, Ghamdi Ahmed Hassan Ahmed. "Designing a continuing professional development programme for enhancing the teaching skills of teachers of the Arabic language." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/18288.
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The literature shows that there are limitations in continuing professional development (CPD) programmes that prevent teachers of the Arabic language (TALs) at elementary schools in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) from benefitting fully from these programmes to enhance their teaching skills. To resolve this problem, this study was undertaken, utilising the principles of andragogy as the theoretical framework and employing evaluation research as a methodology. The methodology consisted of four phases. The first (exploratory) phase involved administering a needs analysis questionnaire to 39 male TALs to identify the teaching skills they required, then conducting semi-structured interviews with six male TALs (who would also participate in the second, third and fourth phases), to elicit their views on the characteristics of effective CPD that would help to improve their teaching skills. The outcomes of this exploratory phase were considered in constructing the development phase, in which two experts took part, and the execution phase, which established the procedures for planning and implementing the CPD programme. Finally, the evaluation phase identified the requirements that the CPD programme must meet in order to improve the target group's teaching skills in the next stage of its design. It concluded that the CPD programme designed for this study was capable of addressing the stated problem. Based upon the outcomes of the above four phases, the study resulted in the design of a relevant CPD programme to improve TALs' teaching skills and one that was suitable in the context of CPD in the KSA.
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Alqurashi, Fahad. "Computer supported collaborative learning in composition classrooms in Saudi Arabia." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1317739.
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This study investigated the reactions of Saudi college students to collaborative learning techniques introduced in two modalities: face-to-face and web-based. Quantitative data were collected with a questionnaire that examined the changes of three constructs: attitudes toward collaboration, social self-efficacy, and perceived peer academic support of composition students at Umm Alqura University, Saudi Arabia. Students in the experimental group collaborated electronically using Blackboard, a web-based environment while students in the control group collaborated face-to-face. Students' responses to the questionnaire did not show any significant differences between the experimental group and control group with respect to the three variables.Three factors might have led to such results. First, one of the scales used in the questionnaire had low reliability that could have affected its procedure implementation. Second, collaborative learning is a new technique to Saudi students that could have contradicted the learning styles they studied according to since elementary school. Third, there were technical obstacles experienced during the experiment (i.e. no enough computer labs and no full access to the Internet) that could have been a discouraging factor for the subjects.Qualitative data collected through a post-study survey reflected the participants' positive attitudes towards peer response techniques applied throughout the experiment, giving and receiving comments, and working with computers. Such positive attitudes reflect the need to update composition teaching methods, introduce process-oriented pedagogies, foster group work strategies, and develop more computer resources and networking facilities.Department of English
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Madkhali, Husam M. "A language curriculum model : a case study in Saudi Arabia." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1317744.
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This study is threefold: 1) To investigate the needs of English for Academic Purposes at the Institute of Public Administration (IPA) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (SA), and the needs of English for Job Purposes in the Saudi private sector; 2) To establish goals based on the needs found; and 3) To propose an alternate design for the current English Language Center at the IPA in SA. The researcher used multi-modal approach to data collection that included questionnaires, focus groups, and interviews with different populations: managers, employees, human resource managers, students, and teachers. In business settings, the results showed that English is often used in the private sector for the following reasons: existence of non-native speakers of Arabic expatriates in the private sector in SA, nature of the company, dealing with international companies, agents of some international companies, and the company itself is not Saudi. In academic settings, students faced difficulties mainly in three skill area: reading, writing, and speaking. Based on the needs found, the researcher suggested teaching two business courses: Business Correspondence and Business Communication. In addition, the researcher proposed an alternate design for the current program at the English Language Center which should focus on General English, rather than English for Specific Purposes.Department of English
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Dhafiri, Mohammad A. L. "The effect of teaching English language in the elementary schools on Arabic language in the State of Kuwait." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241686.
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Moser, Janelle Nicole. "Bringing the lexical approach to TAFL: Evaluating the primary lexicon in Part One of the Al-Kitaab fii Ta'allum Al-'Arabiyya Arabic as a Foreign Language textbook series." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292701.
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This study proposes two models for exploring the lexical contents of Part One of the most popular Arabic as a Foreign Language textbook series, Al-Kitaab fii Ta'allum Al-`Arabiyya. Through the lens of a word families framework, this study hypothesizes on the contents and arrangement of the L2 Arabic mental lexicon after completing the textbook. Through counting lexemes, lemmas, and word family members, it is possible to gain insight into the quantity of vocabulary items present within the textbook outside of traditional measures like the triconsonantal root. Through a frequency-based framework, this study analyzes textbook vocabulary items in light of the 5,000 most frequent lemmas in the language from a corpus of 30 million tokens from A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic (Buckwalter and Parkinson: 2011). A comparison between textbook vocabulary and frequency data points to the relationship between the vocabulary studied by AFL learners and the most widely used forms in the language as a whole. While this study gives special consideration to frequency data up to the 3,000 word level, the sheer amount of lexical knowledge necessary for reading Arabic newspapers and novels necessitates integration of frequency-derived data at even the novice level. A lexical and frequency-based approach to AFL instruction and curriculum design may prove helpful in decreasing the decidedly large vocabulary burden (Nation: 1990, cited in Young: 2011) for learners of Arabic as a Foreign Language.
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Al-Jarrah, Rasheed S. "An optimality-theoretic analysis of stress in the English of native Arabic speakers." Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1238739.
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The overall purpose of this study is to analyze the acquisition of English word-stress by Arabic speakers in light of advancements in Optimality Theory. It has been reported that Arab second language learners of English have difficulty in acquiring the various patterns of English word stress. According to OT, the reason for this difficulty is that although these speakers, like native speakers, have full command of the universal and violable constraints that are operative in determining where stress falls in the word, they fail to capture or induce the exact ordering of these constraints. The basic premise of OT is that each grammar is a unique way of ordering the set of universal and violable constraints that determine the actual output form of a certain linguistic feature, say word-stress in this case. In other words, whereas Arabic word-stress and English word-stress are both subject to the same set of universal and violable constraints, they differ in one respect: the ordering of these constraints. The sole task of the learner then is to capture the correct ordering that determines which syllable in each word carries main stress.This study consists of four chapters. In chapter one, we introduce the problem of the study and the basic background information for an OT analysis, the task we undertake for word stress in subsequent chapters. Chapter two reviews word-stress placement in three competing models: linear approach (Chomsky and Halle 1968), nonlinear approach (Liberman and Prince 1977; McCarthy 1979; Hayes 1980, 1982, 1991), and finally Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 1993; McCarthy and Prince 1993a, b). In chapter three, we introduce the set of constraints that are relevant for predicting the place of stress, not just in English and Arabic, but in all languages. Hence, these constraints are literally present in all languages, though their ranking is language-specific. Then, we develop a ranking of the set of constraints particular to Arabic and another one particular to English. In chapter four, we set out to compare the two constraint rankings in order to (1) predict stress errors in the interlanguage of native speakers of Arabic when learning English, and (2) demonstrate how, by making use of the notion of constraint demotion, those learners can make their English more native-like with respect to stress placement.This study has diverted from a standard OT analysis in at least two ways. First, we allow for some alignment constraint (namely MAIN-RIGHT) to be interpreted as a nongradient constraint. Second, we allow for constraint parameterization. NONFINAL is parameterized to account for Arabic word stress; and WSP is parameterized to account for English word stress.This study has shown that there are significant differences between Arabic and English as far as the ranking of the universal and violable constraints is concerned. Among the major differences are the following. (1) WSP is irrelevant for stress placement in Arabic. (2) Arabic requires that FOOT-BINARITY be interpreted under a moraic analysis, but English requires it to be interpreted under a syllabic analysis. (3) Arabic requires constructing metrical feet from left to right (i.e. ALL-FEET-LEFT >> ALL-FEET RIGHT), English require that it be the other way around (i.e. ALL-FEETRIGHT >> ALL-FEET-LEFT). (4) In. ploysyllabic words, whereas a final syllable that weighs two or more moras is parsed in English, only a final syllable that weighs three moras is parsed in Arabic. (5) Arabic requires that PARSEσ dominates FOOTBINARITY, but English requires the opposite ranking.
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Al-Hadlaq, Mohammed S. "Retention of words learned incidentally by Saudi EFL learners through working on vocabulary learning tasks constructed to activate varying depths of processing." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1263891.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigated the effectiveness of four vocabulary learning tasks on 104 Saudi EFL learners' retention of ten previously unencountered lexical items. These four tasks were: 1) writing original sentences (WS), 2) writing an original text (i.e. composition) (WT), 3) filling-in-the-blank of single sentences (FS), and 4) filling-in-the-lank of a text (FT). Different results were obtained depending on whether the amount of time required by these tasks was considered in the analysis or not. When time was not considered in the analysis, the WT group outperformed the other groups while the FS group obtained the lowest score. No significant differences were found between WS and FT. The picture, however, changed dramatically when time was considered in the analysis. The analysis of ratio of score to time taken revealed no significant differences between the four groups except between FT and FS, and it was in favor of FT. The differences in vocabulary gains between the four groups were ascribed to the level (or depth) of processing these tasks required the subjects to do and to the richness of the context available in two of the four exercises, namely WT and FT. The researcher concluded that composition writing was the most helpful task for vocabulary retention and also for general language learning, followed by FT. Sentence fill-in was considered the least useful activity in this regard.Department of English
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Faqeehi, Muhammad Ali. "Exploring the effects of combined strategies on English vocabulary learning among Saudi Arabian university freshmen." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1263924.
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Basheer, Akram Al. "The role of the mentor in teacher education programmes with particular reference to the teaching of Arabic in Jordan." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250362.
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Faiq, Said. "A typological model for text-structure processing : implications for the pedagogy of teaching with reference to translation (Arabic-English)." Thesis, University of Salford, 1990. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/42965/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis starts with the postulate that advanced Arab students are generally «good» at the level of sentence formation and context free semantics of English, but who are «poor» when it comes to appropriately structuring information as texts. In an attempt to help such a student population, in the first instance, achieve a textual competence and find some pedagogical implications, the present thesis adopts - with some modifications -a typologically oriented model for text-structure processing. To achieve such objectives, six chapters make up the thesis. Chapter 1 sets both the motivations and the assumptions which underly the thesis. Chapter 2 selectively reviews some episodes in the development of text-linguistics. Chapter 3 is devoted to the explanations of the various components of the model adopted for text-structure processing. Chapter 4 has two purposes: 1- A descriptive analysis of three exemplary texts to demonstrate the pure analytic potential of the model. 2- The design of an experiment to test the pedagogical implications of the model with particular reference to the teaching of translation ( Arabic - English ) to advanced Arab students. The experiment involves two groups of advanced Arab students from the Polytechnic of Central London (PCL) and the University of Salford (US). Chapter 5 is devoted to the analysis and discussion of the experimental data. Chapter 6, the final one, concludes the thesis and covers some possible applications and plausible implications of the model. Some suggestions for further research are also proposed.
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Palmer, Jeremy L. "Teacher Training Via Digital Apprenticeship to Master Teachers of Arabic: Exposure, Reflection, and Replication as Instruments for Change in Novice Instructor Teaching Style." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd890.pdf.
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