Academic literature on the topic 'Tea triggered'
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Journal articles on the topic "Tea triggered"
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Chakraborty, B. N., M. Sharma, R. Das Biswas, and A. N. Ghosh. "Pathogenesis-related proteins of tea triggered by Exobasidium vexans." NBU Journal of Plant Sciences 3, no. 1 (2009): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2009.v03i01.011.
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The defense strategy of tea plants against Exobasidium vexans are multifold and include accumulation of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins. A study on the association of defense enzymes with resistance in tea plants triggered by E. vexans revealed significant changes in the level of β-1.3-glucanase (PR 2) and chitinase (PR 3) exhibiting antimicrobial activity. Accumulation of defense proteins differed in time and magnitude. Time course studies points towards accumulation of PR-2 and PR-3 in the early hours, PR-9 later on and finally the antifungal metabolites that confer resistance to the plants. Treatment with salicylic acid (SA) stimulates a multicomponent defense response in tea leaves which was confirmed by immuno-localization of PR 2 and PR 3 in tea leaf tissues following induction of resistance. Induction of PR-3 in suspension-cultured tea cells following SA treatment was confirmed immunologically using antibody probes (PAb-chitnase). Subcellular localization of PR-3 and PR-2 in tea leaves were also confirmed by indirect immunogold labeling. Marked increase in frequency of gold particles following elicitation by SA treatment was evident. Cell defense responses associated with systemic acquired resistance induced by SA against E.vexans has been discussed in relation to the possible role of PR-proteins in immunizing tea plants.
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Chakraborty, B. N., M. Sharma, R. Das Biswas, and A. N. Ghosh. "Pathogenesis-related proteins of tea triggered by Exobasidium vexans." NBU Journal of Plant Sciences 3, no. 1 (2009): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2009.v03i01.011.
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The defense strategy of tea plants against Exobasidium vexans are multifold and include accumulation of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins. A study on the association of defense enzymes with resistance in tea plants triggered by E. vexans revealed significant changes in the level of β-1.3-glucanase (PR 2) and chitinase (PR 3) exhibiting antimicrobial activity. Accumulation of defense proteins differed in time and magnitude. Time course studies points towards accumulation of PR-2 and PR-3 in the early hours, PR-9 later on and finally the antifungal metabolites that confer resistance to the plants. Treatment with salicylic acid (SA) stimulates a multicomponent defense response in tea leaves which was confirmed by immuno-localization of PR 2 and PR 3 in tea leaf tissues following induction of resistance. Induction of PR-3 in suspension-cultured tea cells following SA treatment was confirmed immunologically using antibody probes (PAb-chitnase). Subcellular localization of PR-3 and PR-2 in tea leaves were also confirmed by indirect immunogold labeling. Marked increase in frequency of gold particles following elicitation by SA treatment was evident. Cell defense responses associated with systemic acquired resistance induced by SA against E.vexans has been discussed in relation to the possible role of PR-proteins in immunizing tea plants.
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Qiu, Wen-Ze, Qi-Zhi Zhong, Yong Du, Yan Lv, and Zhi-Kang Xu. "Enzyme-triggered coatings of tea catechins/chitosan for nanofiltration membranes with high performance." Green Chemistry 18, no. 23 (2016): 6205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6gc02039a.
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Ding, Yiqian, Yu Wang, Chen Qiu, Wenjun Qian, Hui Xie, and Zhaotang Ding. "Alternative splicing in tea plants was extensively triggered by drought, heat and their combined stresses." PeerJ 8 (January 29, 2020): e8258. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8258.
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Drought and heat stresses can influence the expressions of genes, and thereby affect the growth and development of plants. Alternative splicing (AS) of genes plays crucial roles through increasing transcriptome diversity in plant stress responses. Tea plants, widely cultivated in the tropics and subtropics, are often simultaneously exposed to drought and heat stresses. In the present study, we performed a global transcriptome of tea leaves treated with drought, heat or their combination. In total, 19,019, 20,025 and 20,253 genes underwent AS in response to drought (DT), heat (HT) and their combined stress (HD), respectively, of which 12,178, 11,912 and 14,413 genes differentially spliced in response to DT, HT and HD, respectively. Also, 2,447 specific differentially spliced genes (DSGs) were found only in response to HD. All DSGs accounted for 48% of the annotated genes in tea tree genome. Comparison of DSGs and differentially expressive genes (DEGs) showed that the proportions of HT and HD-induced DSGs were 13.4% and 9.2%, while the proportion of DT increased to 28.1%. Moreover, the DEG-DSG overlapped genes tended to be enriched in a wide large of pathways in response to DT. The results indicated that the AS of genes in tea leaves was extensively triggered by drought, heat and their combined stresses. In addition, the AS enhanced the transcriptome adaption in response to drought and heat stresses, and the AS also provoked specific molecular functions in response to drought and heat synergy stress. The study might have practical significance for molecular genetic breeding of tea plants with stress resistance.
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Allocco, Jennifer Brianne, Christine McIntosh, Peter Wang, Michelle McKeague, Ying Wang, Alexandra Cassano, Stephen Z. Xie, et al. "Variegated levels of alloreactive T cell dysfunction in transplantation tolerance determine graft vulnerability to infection-triggered rejection." Journal of Immunology 210, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2023): 173.08. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.210.supp.173.08.
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Abstract While advances have been made in therapies that achieve tolerance in mouse models of transplantation, successful tolerance remains vulnerable to inflammatory insults, which can trigger graft rejection. To identify strategies for improving the robustness of tolerance, we aim to better understand the mechanisms by which grafts are rejected after donor-specific tolerance is established. In a mouse model of cardiac allograft tolerance in which late infection with Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) can trigger graft rejection, we previously showed that host CD4 +T cells reactive to host MHC-II presenting a donor MHC-I-derived peptide (TCR75 cells) became intrinsically dysfunctional if the alloantigen persisted for 3 weeks or greater. Intriguingly, infection-dependent transplant rejection was not associated with transcriptional or functional reinvigoration of these cells. We hypothesized that there might be heterogeneity in the level of dysfunction of alloreactive T cells depending on duration of their cognate alloantigen persistence. Unlike TCR75 cells, CD4 +T cells specific for host MHC-II presenting a peptide derived from donor MHC Class II (TEa cells), a graft antigen that declines post-transplantation, retained functionality during tolerance induction. Consequently, TEa but not TCR75 cells expanded following Lm-infection, supporting a role for TEa-like cells in driving infection-triggered rejection. Prolonging T cell exposure to cognate alloantigens aggravated TEa dysfunction and rendered grafts resistant to Lm-dependent rejection. These findings demonstrate that inducing dysfunction in a broader array of allospecific T cells, by prolonging exposure to more alloantigens, lessens graft vulnerability to infections. Supported by the UChicago Growth Development and Disabilities Training Program (T32 HD007009). AHA predoctoral fellowships (20PRE35210946, 3PRE14550022 and 15PRE22180007). NIH T32-AI007090. UChicago Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Biochemistry Training Grant (T32 HL07237). HHMI Med-into-Grad Program training grant (56006772). NIAID Grant P01AI-97113.
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Su, Xing, Wenyue Xie, Pudi Wang, Zhuoling Tian, Hao Wang, Zuoying Yuan, Xiaozhi Liu, and Jianyong Huang. "Strong underwater adhesion of injectable hydrogels triggered by diffusion of small molecules." Materials Horizons 8, no. 8 (2021): 2199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1mh00533b.
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We report a fully physically crosslinked injectable hydrogel composed of gelatin, tea polyphenols and urea, capable of realising smart adhesion to various materials, like glass and porcine skin, in diverse aqueous environments.
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Shi, Jiale, Min Zhang, Liwen Gao, Qian Yang, Hazem M. Kalaji, Sheng Qiang, Reto Jörg Strasser, and Shiguo Chen. "Tenuazonic Acid-Triggered Cell Death Is the Essential Prerequisite for Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler to Infect Successfully Host Ageratina adenophora." Cells 10, no. 5 (April 25, 2021): 1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10051010.
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The necrotrophic fungus Alternaria alternata contains different pathotypes that produce different mycotoxins. The pathotype Ageratina adenophora secretes the non-host-selective toxin tenuazonic acid (TeA), which can cause necrosis in many plants. Although TeA is thought to be a central virulence factor of the A. adenophora pathotype, the precise role of TeA in different stages of host infection by pathogens remains unclear. Here, an A. alternata wild-type and the toxin-deficient mutant ΔHP001 with a 75% reduction in TeA production were used. It was observed that wild-type pathogens could induce the reactive oxygen species (ROS) bursts in host leaves and killed photosynthetic cells before invading hyphae. The ROS interceptor catalase remarkably inhibited hyphal penetration and invasive hyphal growth and expansion in infected leaves and suppressed necrotic leaf lesion. This suggests that the production of ROS is critical for pathogen invasion and proliferation and disease symptom formation during infection. It was found that the mutant pathogens did not cause the formation of ROS and cell death in host leaves, showing an almost complete loss of disease susceptibility. In addition, the lack of TeA resulted in a significant reduction in the ability of the pathogen to penetrate invasive hyphal growth and spread. The addition of exogenous TeA, AAL-toxin, and bentazone to the mutant ΔHP001 pathogens during inoculation resulted in a significant restoration of pathogenicity by increasing the level of cell death, frequency of hyphal penetration, and extent of invasive hyphal spread. Our results suggest that cell death triggered by TeA is the essential requirement for successful colonization and disease development in host leaves during infection with A. adenophora pathogens.
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van Rossum, Huub H., and Daan van den Broek. "Ten-Month Evaluation of the Routine Application of Patient Moving Average for Real-Time Quality Control in a Hospital Setting." Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine 5, no. 6 (June 12, 2020): 1184–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfaa071.
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Abstract Background In recent years there has been renewed interest in patient-based real-time quality control (PBRTQC) techniques. This interest has been stimulated by the availability of new optimization and validation methods. Only a limited amount of research has focused on investigating the true operational value of PBRTQC. Therefore, we have evaluated the performance and value of recently implemented patient moving average quality control (MA QC) procedures. Methods The MA QC settings and protocols were as previously described (Clin Chem Lab Med 2019;57:1329–38) and included MA QCs for 10 chemistry and 6 hematological tests, all performed on duplicate analyzer systems. All MA QC alarms that occurred during the first 10 months of routine clinical application were investigated for assay-specific alarm rate and occurrence in time. Furthermore, the causes of these MA QC alarms were investigated, and alarm relevance was determined on the basis of total allowable bias (TBa) and error (TEa) derived from biological variations. Results During the 10-month period, 202 individual MA QC alarms occurred, resulting in an overall MA QC alarm rate of 0.030% and a frequency of 4.67 per week. Most alarms were triggered by sodium MA QC. Based on all available fully executed and documented MA QC alarm work-ups, MA QC detected errors that in 26.0% of the alarms exceeded the TBa and in 13.7% the TEa. In 9.2% of the alarms, MA QC alarming triggered instant (technical) corrections. Conclusions Routine clinical application of MA QC is feasible with maintaining a manageable number of alarms and enabling detection of relevant analytical errors.
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Bai, Guoqiang, Shuanhong Ma, Runtian Qie, Zhiqing Liu, Yulin Shi, Cuihua Li, Rongjie Wang, Xuhong Guo, Feng Zhou, and Xin Jia. "UV-Triggered Surface-Initiated Polymerization from Colorless Green Tea Polyphenol-Coated Surfaces." Macromolecular Rapid Communications 37, no. 15 (June 6, 2016): 1256–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.201600065.
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Sawian, K. D., Amod Sharma, and Sujay Kumar. "Marketing Pattern of Tea Enterprise in Meghalaya State: with Special Reference to White Tea Cultivation." Ecology, Environment and Conservation 28 (2022): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2022.v28i07s.015.
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The present research work was carried out to analyze the marketing pattern and post harvest management of tea enterprise with the help of primary data pertained to the year 2018-20 of tea enterprise in both district viz; Ri-Bhoi and West Garo hill. As it is well known fact and universally accepted concept that the organic agriculture has triggered a controversial debate in the past two decades; which is most important because it shed light on the darker sides of chemical-intensive conventional farming by offering an alternative due to the dumping off huge quantity of fertilizer and chemical used for enhancing the production and productivity to maximize the profit too. The data were collected from both the selected districts purposively due to the highest production and productivity as compared to the other districts of the Meghalaya state and a multi-stage simple random sampling technique was adopted due to the rationality sample plan of the respondents. Even the statistical frame-work and tabulation was adopted to fulfill the specific objectives of the study.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tea triggered"
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Sharma, Monika. "Biochemical and immunological characterisation of pathegenesis- related proteins of tea triggered by exobasidium vexans massee." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1078.
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Anvar, Shebli. "Méthodologie de développement et de modélisation UML des systèmes d'acquisition et de traitement en temps réel pour les expériences de physique des hautes énergies." Paris 11, 2002. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002854.
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La complexité croissante des systèmes d'acquisition et de traitement en temps réel (TDAQ) pour les expériences de physique des hautes énergies appelle à une évolution ad hoc des outils de développement. Dans cet ouvrage, nous traitons de l'articulation entre la spécification de principe des systèmes TDAQ et leur conception/réalisation sur une plateforme matérielle et logicielle concrète. Notre travail repose sur la définition d'une méthodologie de développement des systèmes TDAQ qui réponde aux problématiques de développement particulières à ces systèmes. Il en résulte la spécification détaillée d'un "canevas méthodologique" basé sur le langage UML, destiné à encadrer un processus de développement. L'usage de ce canevas méthodologique UML doit permettre la mise en place progressive d'un canevas " maison ", c'est-à-dire un atelier de développement comprenant des composants réutilisables et des éléments d'architecture génériques adaptés aux applications TDAQ. L'ouvrage s'articule autour de 4 sections principales. La section II est dévolue à la caractérisation et à l'évolution des systèmes TDAQ. En section III, nous nous intéressons aux technologies pertinentes pour notre problématique, notamment les techniques de réutilisation logicielle telles les motifs récurrents (design patterns) et les canevas (frameworks), avec une orientation en faveur des domaines du temps réel et de l'embarqué. Notre apport conceptuel spécifique est exposé en section IV, où nous procédons notamment à la spécification détaillée, formalisée et exemples à l'appui, de notre modèle de développement. Enfin, nous terminons notre propos en section V en évoquant le projet de R&D MORDICUS de mise en œuvre concrète de notre canevas méthodologique UML, ainsi que les développements récents de l'OMG (Object Management Group) sur l'architecture orientée modèles (Model Driven Architecture), particulièrement en résonance avec notre travailThe increasing complexity of the real-time data acquisition and processing systems (TDAQ : the so-called Trigger and Data AcQuisition systems) in high energy physics calls for an appropriate evolution of development tools. This work is about the interplay between in principle specifications of TDAQ systems and their actual design and realization on a concrete hardware and software platform. The basis of our work is to define a methodology for the development of TDAQ systems that meets the specific demands for the development of such systems. The result is the detailed specification of a "methodological framewor" based on the Unified Modeling Language (UML) and designed to manage a development process. The use of this UML-based methodological framework progressively leads to the setting up of a "home-made" framework, i. E. A development tool that comprises reusable components and generic architectural elements adapted to TDAQ systems. The main parts of this dissertation are sections II to IV. Section II is devoted to the characterization and evolution of TDAQ systems. In section III, we review the main technologies that are relevant to our problematic, namely software reuse techniques such as design patterns and frameworks, especially concerning the real-time and embedded systems domain. Our original conceptual contribution is presented in section IV, where we give a detailed, formalized and example- driven specification of our development model. Our final conclusions are presented in section V, where we present the MORDICUS project devoted to a concrete realization of our UML methodological framework, and the deep affinities between our work and the emerging "Model Driven Architecture" (MDA) paradigm developed by the Object Management Group
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Sandström, Maria. "Physico-Chemical Investigations of Bilayer Discs and Related Lipid Structures Formed in Liposomal Systems Intended for Triggered Release." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Physical Chemistry, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7606.
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This thesis describes results from fundamental studies of liposomes intended for drug delivery and pH or temperature triggered release. In addition, the effect of lipid composition on bilayer disc formation and a potential application of the bilayer discs were investigated.
The lower pH encountered by endocytosed liposomes can be utilized to trigger drug release. The mechanisms behind cytosolic drug delivery were investigated using two different kinds of pH-sensitive liposomes. The results indicate that incorporation of non-lamellar forming lipids into the endosome membrane may allow for drug escape into the cytosol.
Temperature-sensitive liposomes containing lysolipid (LTSL) release their content almost instantly when heated to temperatures close to the gel to liquid crystalline phase transition temperature (TC). Morphological changes of the liposomes in response to temperature cycling were studied. Temperature cycling induced liposome openings and disintegration of the liposomes into bilayer discs. Incubation of LTSL in the presence of multilamellar liposomes (MLVs) resulted in relocalisation of lysolipid into the MLVs, which affected the rapid release from LTSL. We propose that the presence of micelle-forming components, such as lysolipids and PEG-lipids, facilitates the formation of defects and membrane openings during the initial phase of membrane melting, resulting in the observed rapid release. Similar to added lysolipids, also hydrolysis generated lysolipids induce disc-formation upon heating through TC of the lipid mixture.
Two fundamentally different micelles may form in PEG-lipid/lipid mixtures. We found that discoidal structures are preferred over cylindrical micelles when the mixture contains components that reduce the spontaneous curvature, increase the monolayer bending modulus, or reduce PEG-lipid/lipid miscibility. The large discoidal micelles found at low PEG-lipid content are better described as bilayer discs. We evaluated such discs as model membranes in drug partitioning studies, and suggest that they, in some cases, produce more accurate data than liposomes.
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Lavecchia, Caroline. "Les Triggers Inter-langues pour la Traduction Automatique Statistique." Phd thesis, Université Nancy II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00545463.
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Les recherches menées dans le cadre de mon doctorat concernent le domaine de la Traduction Automatique (TA), ou comment traduire d'une langue source vers une langue cible sans aucune intervention humaine. Mes travaux se sont plus particulièrement concentrés sur l'approche statistique de la TA qui consiste à utiliser différents modèles probabilistes appris sur des quantités importantes de corpus parallèles alignés afin de trouver la traduction la plus vraisemblable d'une phrase source. Deux problèmes étroitement liés à l'approche statistique de la TA sont abordés dans ce manuscrit : la collecte de corpus parallèles et l'estimation de modèles de traduction à partir de ces corpus. Un système de TA statistique extrait la connaissance dont il a besoin pour produire des traductions à partir de corpus parallèles dans lesquels chaque phrase source est associée à sa traduction dans la langue cible. De nombreux travaux utilisent comme corpus parallèle les actes du Parlement Européen disponibles gratuitement en différentes langues. De tels corpus ne sont pas adéquats pour la traduction de parole spontanée, c'est pourquoi j'ai décidé de construire des corpus parallèles à partir de sous-titres de films afin de construire un système de traduction plus réaliste. Les sous-titres sont des données complexes, ils ne peuvent constituer un corpus parallèle aligné dans leur état brut. Ils nécessitent une phase de pré-traitement et d'alignement. J'ai pour cela proposé une méthode originale basée sur la Programmation Dynamique qui aligne automatiquement les sous-titres. J'ai ainsi constitué une ressource importante et riche pour l'apprentissage des systèmes de TA statistique. La TA statistique repose sur l'utilisation de plusieurs modèles statistiques comme le modèle d'alignement, la table de traduction ou encore le modèle de distortion. La table de traduction est le modèle le plus indispensable à un système de TA statisque pour calculer la traduction la plus vraisemblable d'une phrase source. En effet, celle-ci donne les probabilités de traduction entre les couples de mots sources et cibles. Il existe différentes méthodes permettant l'estimation de ces tables de traduction. Elles ont habituellement recours à un alignement des mots obtenu automatiquement sur les corpus parallèles. Cette tâche d'alignement est une étape longue et fastidieuse qui fait appel à des algorithmes complexes. Le coeur de mon travail a été de repenser le problème et d'explorer de nouvelles pistes pour estimer les tables de traduction de mots et de séquences de mots, totalement différentes des méthodes état-de-l'art. J'ai proposé une approche originale basée sur le concept de triggers inter-langues qui ne nécessite aucun alignement des mots au sein des corpus parallèles. Les triggers inter-langues permettent de mettre en évidence des unités fortement corrélés en se basant sur l'Information Mutuelle. Dans notre cas les unités sont des séquences de mots sources et cibles. L'idée derrière ce concept est que si une séquence de mots sources est fortement corrélée à une séquence de mots cibles en termes d'IM, alors nous pouvons supposer que la présence de la première dans une phrase source déclenchera la présence de la seconde dans sa traduction et vice versa. J'ai proposé d'utiliser les triggers inter-langues sur les corpus parallèles dans le but de trouver les traductions possibles de séquences de mots et ainsi constituer une table de traduction. L'Information Mutuelle est une mesure de co-occurence qui se calcule simplement en un seul passage sur le corpus parallèle. Pour sélectionner les triggers interlangues, nous supposons que deux séquences sources et cibles co-occurent si elles apparaissent dans une même paire de phrases du corpus parallèle. De ce fait, ma méthode ne requiert qu'un alignement au niveau des phrases et non au niveau des mots au sein du corpus parallèle. L'utilisation des triggers inter-langues pour estimer une table de traduction rend mon approche moins complexe mais tout aussi efficace que les approches existantes. Dans un contexte de traduction mot-à-mot, la table de traduction obtenue grâce aux triggers inter-langues conduit à des traductions automatiques de meilleur qualité, en termes de score BLEU, que celles produites avec une table de traduction de mots estimée selon le modèle 3 d'IBM. Dans un contexte de traduction par groupe de mots, la table de traduction basée sur les triggers inter-langues amènent à des traductions automatiques dont le score BLEU est supérieur à 34 et proche de celui des traductions automatiques produites par une table de traduction de séquences estimées à partir de l'alignement des mots suivant les approches état-de-l'art. Mots-clés: Traduction Automatique Statistique, Triggers Inter-langues, Traduction Automatique à base de séquences
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Robbe, P. "Generators, Calorimeter Trigger and J/ψ production at LHCb." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00683350.
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Ce document presente des résultats relatifs à la préparation du programme de physique de l'expérience LHCb: développement d'un logiciel de génération, commissioning du trigger calorimètre et mesure de la production des J/psi. Une simulation détaillée est obligatoire pour développer les outils d'analyse nécessaires pour réaliser ce programme et un logiciel de génération détaillé a été implémenté. Celui-ci décrit par exemple le mélange des B et la violation de CP dans les désintégrations des B pour l'environnement hadronique de LHCb. Pour les désintégrations hadroniques, le système de déclenchement de l'expérience est basé sur les calorimètres, en particulier le calorimètre hadronique. La grande section efficace de production au LHC permet de faire, avec les premières données enregistrées par l'expérience, une mesure de la section efficace différentielle des J/psi, et de la comparer avec des modèles thèoriques pour tester QCD dans le secteur des quarks lourds.
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Benbouzid, Djalel. "Sequential prediction for budgeted learning : Application to trigger design." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00990245.
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Classification in machine learning has been extensively studied during the pastdecades. Many solutions have been proposed to output accurate classifiers and toobtain statistical grantees on the unseen observations. However, when machinelearning algorithms meet concrete industrial or scientific applications, new computationalcriteria appear to be as important to satisfy as those of classificationaccuracy. In particular, when the output classifier must comply with a computationalbudget needed to obtain the features that are evaluated at test time, wetalk about "budgeted" learning. The features can have different acquisition costsand, often, the most discriminative features are the costlier. Medical diagnosis andweb-page ranking, for instance, are typical applications of budgeted learning. Inthe former, the goal is to limit the number of medical tests evaluate for patients,and in the latter, the ranker has limited time to order documents before the usergoes away.This thesis introduces a new way of tackling classification in general and budgetedlearning problems in particular, through a novel framework lying in theintersection of supervised learning and decision theory. We cast the classificationproblem as a sequential decision making procedure and show that this frameworkyields fast and accurate classifiers. Unlike classical classification algorithms thatoutput a "one-shot" answer, we show that considering the classification as a seriesof small steps wherein the information is gathered sequentially also providesa flexible framework that allows to accommodate different types of budget constraintsin a "natural" way. In particular, we apply our method to a novel type ofbudgeted learning problems motivated by particle physics experiments. The particularityof this problem lies in atypical budget constraints and complex cost calculationschemata where the calculation of the different features depends on manyfactors. We also review similar sequential approaches that have recently known aparticular interest and provide a global perspective on this new paradigm.
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Blanc, Aurélien. "Etude des performances du Trigger du spectromètre à muons d'ALICE au LHC." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00542006.
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La théorie de la QCD (Quantum ChromoDynamics) prédit l'existence d'une nouvelle phase de la matière nucléaire à très haute température. Cette phase, caractérisée par un déconfinement des quarks au sein des hadrons, est appelée QGP (Quark Gluon Plasma). Le spectromètre à muons de l'expérience ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) a pour but d'étudier les propriétés du QGP aux densités d'énergie extrêmes atteintes dans les collisions d'ions lourds au LHC (Large Hadron Collider). Le système de déclenchement du spectromètre à muons, appelé MUON TRG est, pour une large part, sous la responsabilité du groupe ALICE de Clermont-Ferrand. Il se compose de quatre plans de détecteurs RPC (Resistive Plate Chamber) d'une superficie totale de 140 m2, de 21k voies de lecture et d'une électronique de décision rapide. Il a été conçu afin de reconstruire "en ligne" des traces (muons), dans un environnement présentant un important bruit de fond. Une décision de trigger, pour les "single muons" et les "dimuons", est délivrée toutes les 25 ns (40 MHz) avec un temps de latence relatif à l'interaction proche de 800 ns. Les performances, en particulier celles liées à la décision de trigger, obtenues avec des outils de test dédiés, les évènements cosmiques, les premiers faisceaux d'injection dans le LHC ainsi que les premières collisions proton-proton à √s = 900 GeV seront présentés.
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Boujrad, A. "Étude et réalisation d'un TDC numérique dans le cadre du trigger du GANIL." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00711468.
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En physique nucléaire, l'interaction faisceau-cible engendre une multitude d'événements qui ne sont pas tous d'intérêt pour le phénomène physique étudié. Il est donc important de disposer d'un système de sélection nommé trigger. Nous avons étudié et réalisé un nouveau trigger adapté aux expériences menées au GANIL. Nous avons présenté un historique des différents triggers utilisés aux GANIL (Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds) et avons montré la nécessité d'un nouveau trigger modulaire, universel et ouvert. Après une description des différents modes de fonctionnement du nouveau trigger (GANIL Master Trigger, GMT) nous avons décrit les phases de sa conception et de sa réalisation. Le trigger renseigne sur la configuration des détecteurs temporels, or cette information peut être fondamentale dans le cas où la fenêtre d'analyse du trigger couvre plusieurs périodes du faisceau. Nous avons donc proposé une structure de mesure de temps (Time to Digital Converter, TDC) qui permet de lever cette indétermination. Les contraintes de temps mort, d'intégration et de consommation nous ont conduit à proposer une architecture numérique basée sur un compteur associé à une ligne A Retard (LAR). Des calculs simples ont permis de définir la zone de fonctionnement du TDC. Cette zone dépend du rapport cyclique de l'horloge et des retards de la LAR. Des mesures de Non Linéarité Différentielle (NLD) pour des résolutions différentes (1,2,5 et 10 ns) ont permis d'établir les limites de ce système et de mettre en évidence des solutions d'amélioration de ces caractéristiques.
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Leroy, O. "Trigger à muons, étiquetage de la saveur et performances physiques de l'expérience LHCb." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00235815.
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Ce mémoire est une synthèse de mes activités postdoctorales au sein de l'expérience LHCb, en cours d'installation auprès du grand collisionneur de hadrons LHC au Cern, à Genève. Dans le chapitre 1, j'introduis les bases phénoménologiques nécessaires à l'étude de la physique des saveurs en montrant que cette dernière s'inscrit au coeur du modèle standard. Je rappelle les limitations de ce modèle. Puis j'explique comment la physique des saveurs en général, et plus particulièrement celle effectuée à LHCb, permet de rechercher de la nouvelle physique ou de la contraindre. Dans le chapitre 2, après une rapide présentation du détecteur LHCb, je présente le trigger de niveau zéro à muons, en développant deux aspects sur lesquels j'ai plus particulièrement travaillé: la résistance aux radiations des transmetteurs opto-électroniques et les performances physiques simulées du trigger. Le chapitre 3 synthétise les activités liées à l'étiquetage de la saveur des mésons B, activités dont je suis co-organisateur depuis mai 2005. Enfin au chapitre 4, après un rappel des progrès récents accomplis en physique des saveurs lourdes, je donne un aperçu des performances attendues de LHCb, pour quelques mesures clés. Je détaille notamment un aspect auquel j'ai pris part: la recherche de nouvelle physique dans les diagrammes pingouins b->s.
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Boujrad, Abderrahman. "Etude et réalisation d'un TDC numérique dans le cadre du trigger du GANIL." Caen, 2001. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00711468.
Full textAbstract:
En physique nucléaire, l'interaction faisceau-cible engendre une multitude d'événements qui ne sont pas tous d'intérêt pour le phénomène physique étudié. Il est donc important de disposer d'un système de sélection nommé trigger. Nous avons étudié et réalisé un nouveau trigger adapté aux expériences menées au GANIL (Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds) et avons montré la nécessité d'un nouveau trigger modulaire, universel et ouvert. Après une description des différents modes de fonctionnement du nouveau trigger (GANIL Master Trigger, GMT) nous avons décrit les phases de sa conception et de sa réalisation. Le trigger renseigne sur la configuration des détecteurs touchés à la suite d'une collision faisceau-cible mais ne donne pas de précisison temporelle, or cette information peut être fondamentale dans le cas où la fenêtre d'analyse du trigger couvre plusieurs périodes du faisceau. Nous avons donc proposé une structure de mesure de temps (Time to Digital Converter, TDC) qui permet de lever cette indétermination. Les contraintes de temps mort, d'intégration et de consommation nous ont conduit à proposer une architecture numérique basée sur un compteur associé associé à une ligne A Retard (LAR) [etc]
Books on the topic "Tea triggered"
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James, Elle. Triggered. Harlequin Enterprises ULC, 2017.
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James, Elle. Triggered. Harlequin Mills & Boon, Limited, 2013.
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James, Elle. Triggered. Harlequin Enterprises, Limited, 2013.
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Triggered. Harlequin Enterprises, Limited, 2013.
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Triggered. 2013.
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Gandhi, Priyanka. Tea, Tarots and Triggers. Notion Press, 2021.
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James, Elle, and HelenKay Dimon. Triggered: Fearless. Harlequin Mills & Boon, Limited, 2013.
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Steffen, Holger, Odleiv Olesen, and Raimo Sutinen, eds. Glacially-Triggered Faulting. Cambridge University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108779906.
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Glacially triggered faulting describes movement of pre-existing faults caused by a combination of tectonic and glacially induced isostatic stresses. The most impressive fault-scarps are found in northern Europe, assumed to be reactivated at the end of the deglaciation. This view has been challenged as new faults have been discovered globally with advanced techniques such as LiDAR, and fault activity dating has shown several phases of reactivation thousands of years after deglaciation ended. This book summarizes the current state-of-the-art research in glacially triggered faulting, discussing the theoretical aspects that explain the presence of glacially induced structures and reviews the geological, geophysical, geodetic and geomorphological investigation methods. Written by a team of international experts, it provides the first global overview of confirmed and proposed glacially induced faults, and provides an outline for modelling these stresses and features. It is a go-to reference for geoscientists and engineers interested in ice sheet-solid Earth interaction.
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Anderegg, C., and Todd Harmer. Shootdown of Trigger 4: Report of the Project Trigger Study Team. Independently Published, 2019.
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Pitelka, Morgan. Form and Function. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190469290.003.0003.
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The institutional and discursive connections between Zen Buddhism and the ritualized culture of tea (chanoyu) in Japan are clear, but the ostensible link between Zen and the material culture of tea (i.e., tea houses, gardens, and both imported and domestically produced utensils such as tea bowls and calligraphy) is less evident. This chapter will consider the problem of Zen’s inconsistent and historically contingent relationship to the material culture of tea with particular reference to the history of the tea bowl in Japan. It considers well-known examples of tea bowls in Japanese tea culture and the changing social and political contexts for their production and use, and it argues that for some, drinking tea from a bowl may indeed trigger satori, but for others, a bowl is just a bowl.
Book chapters on the topic "Tea triggered"
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Nowzari, Cameron, and Jorge Cortés. "Robust Team-Triggered Coordination of Networked Cyberphysical Systems." In Control of Cyber-Physical Systems, 317–36. Heidelberg: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01159-2_17.
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Ackers, Louise, Gavin Ackers-Johnson, Joanne Welsh, Daniel Kibombo, and Samuel Opio. "Task Shifting, Midwifery Empowerment and the Nascence of Clinical Pharmacy." In Anti-Microbial Resistance in Global Perspective, 103–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62662-4_6.
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AbstractThis chapter addresses the role that the intervention has played in shaping professional engagement within the multi-disciplinary team. The existence of laboratory results has triggered the emergence of clinical pharmacy roles. The chapter traces the impact of this on prescribing behaviour and on procurement planning and hospital policies. Whilst celebrating the progress made and viability of the model, it describes the structural impact that access to antibiotics and IPC supplies has on the realisation of optimal change.
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Bamba, Yumi. "New Approach to Solar Flare Trigger Process with Hinode/Solar Optical Telescope." In First Ten Years of Hinode Solar On-Orbit Observatory, 125–34. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7742-5_12.
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Liu, Andrew B. "No Sympathy for the Merchant?" In Tea War, 152–88. Yale University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300243734.003.0006.
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This chapter details how, after the rise of Indian tea triggered a collapse of its Chinese rivals, the Chinese trade underwent its own crisis of economic principles in the 1890s. It provides an overview of economic ideas during the high age of the Qing Empire, which entailed a sophisticated grasp of economic growth revolving around the utility of the soil and the importance of trade. The stimulus of competition from South Asian tea, crystallized in the crisis, pushed Qing thinkers to abandon dominant mercantilist notions of wealth as something acquired through overseas trade and instead visualize it as something produced by labor. Indeed, global competition compelled a minority of Qing officials to see wealth as something socially determined, originating from the skill and productivity of human activity, hence capable of infinite expansion through innovation. The economic thinker and Qing bureaucrat Chen Chi was exemplary of this transformation. He penned an influential memorial on reviving the tea trade, with much of his analysis tied to a simultaneous engagement with the translated works of English economist Henry Fawcett, ultimately arriving at the same classical tenets of “value” outlined by W. N. Lees in India.
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Parker, Christopher S., and Matt A. Barreto. "The Tea Party and Obamaphobia: Is the Hostility Real or Imagined?" In Change They Can't Believe In. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691163611.003.0006.
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This chapter considers the extent to which a positive orientation toward the Tea Party influences attitudes and opinions about the president beyond ideology, partisanship, general out-group hostility, and racism. It argues that Barack Obama's ascendance to the White House, and his subsequent presidency, triggered anxiety, fear, and anger among those who support the Tea Party because of what he represented: tangible evidence that “their” America is rapidly becoming unrecognizable. Even as Tea Party supporters railed against government spending, it seemed that their underlying frustration was with Barack Obama himself. This so called Obamaphobia appears to transcend simple policy disagreement, with many Tea Party supporters openly questioning the president's patriotism and his American citizenship on several occasions.
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Oliveira, Priscila Feliciano de, Meline dos Santos Lima, Emanuelle de Jesus Santos, Tamara Figueiredo do Carmo Santos, Aline Cabral, and Oscar Felipe Falcão Raposo. "Self-perception of dizziness and the relationship with the easing of COVID-19 social distancing rules, immunization and vitamin supplementation." In EMERGING ISSUES RELATED TO THE CORONA VIRUS PANDEMIC (COVID 19). Seven Editora, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/emerrelcovid19-034.
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Objective: To analyze the behavior of people with dizziness when faced with the easing of the COVID-19 social distancing rules, immunization and use of vitamin supplementation. Method: A self-perception questionnaire was applied in electronic format, during the period of easing of the COVID-19 social distancing rules, with 19 closed questions. The following aspects were addressed: identification, general health (COVID-19, influenza, immunization and comorbidities), time of onset of dizziness, means of protection against COVID-19, vitamin supplementation, homemade recipes and use of teas. Results: 667 Brazilians were interviewed, all eligible to participate in the research. Of these, 261 (39.1%) self-reported the presence of dizziness, with a mean age of 37.91 years, with a prevalence of females. The use of masks and hand hygiene were protective measures that continued to be adopted during the easing of the COVID-19 social distancing rules, with 89.2% reporting, even after having been immunized, that they were afraid of contracting SARS COV -two. It was observed that 11.1% triggered dizziness after a positive test for COVID-19; in addition, 32.2% consulted a nutritionist to start the supplementation process (p=0.005), 65.1% used vitamin supplements (p=0.001) and 19.8% reported having used homemade recipes such as Espinheira Santa Tea and Chamomile, Ginko Biloba in order to minimize dizziness. Conclusion: Participants with dizziness were diagnosed with a vestibular disorder by a specialist, since there was a positive relationship with dizziness in the post-COVID-19 period. In order to reduce vestibular symptoms, the interviewees consulted a nutritionist to start vitamin supplementation and used vitamin complexes from A to Z, among others such as zinc, vitamin B12 and homemade teas. Even after the COVID-19 immunization, the participants continued to follow the guidelines for hand hygiene and the use of protective masks.
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"TRIGGERS." In Tao te Ching, 82–86. Fortress Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv17vf4pp.22.
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Nowzari, Cameron, and Jorge Cortés. "Self-Triggered and Team-Triggered Control of Networked Cyber-Physical Systems." In Event-Based Control and Signal Processing, 203–20. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19013-10.
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Foot, Carole, and Liz Hickson. "The seriously ill or deteriorating patient." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, edited by Simon Finfer, 3829–38. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0384.
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The first step in the clinical approach to a patient who is very ill is the recognition of this fact. While experienced clinicians will intuitively recognize a seriously ill or deteriorating patient, a large body of data has demonstrated that warning signs are often missed or not acted upon, resulting in preventable harm to patients. This has led to the development and adoption of ‘track and trigger’ systems. Track and trigger systems aim to ensure that hospitalized patients undergo regular review and objective observation, with abnormal observation or staff concerns being triggers to escalate care. Escalated care may be urgent review by the treating team, or the calling of a ‘rapid response team’ to attend to a more critically ill patient. While calling criteria and team composition varies from country to country, the principle of rapidly taking skilled care to critically ill patients remains the unifying underlying principle.
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"Triggers for Abuse." In Effective Child Abuse Investigation for the Multi-Disciplinary Team, 39–42. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b17242-6.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Tea triggered"
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Nowzari, Cameron, and Jorge Cortes. "Team-triggered coordination of networked systems." In 2013 American Control Conference (ACC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2013.6580422.
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Scherrer, D. P., and F. K. Kneubühl. "New Phenomena and Applications of Mid- and Far-Infrared Gas Lasers." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1996.ctud1.
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SUMMARY Apart from many technical and scientific applications, mid- and far-infrared gas lasers are suited for the study of a large variety of basic phenomena. This paper reviews lasers and phenomena which have been discovered and/or investigated at our laboratory. They can be separated into two groups. The first group concerns distributed-feedback (DFB) lasers, helical-feedback (HFB) lasers and related soliton formation, while the second comprises extremely fast plasma shutters for mid- and far-infrared laser radiation which permit the production of ultrashort mid- and far- infrared pulses on one hand and the observation of interesting phenomena on the other hand. The ultrashort mid- and far infrared pulses arc predestinated for studies e.g. of fast detectors, nanometer thin-film diodes and high-Tc superconductors. Apart from many technical and scientific applications, mid- and far-infrared gas lasers are suited for the study of a large variety of basic phenomena. This paper reviews lasers and phenomena which have been discovered and/or investigated at our laboratory. They can be separated into two groups. The first group concerns distributed-feedback (DFB) lasers, helical-feedback (HFB) lasers and related soliton formation, while the second comprises extremely fast plasma shutters for mid- and far-infrared laser radiation which permit the production of ultrashort mid- and far- infrared pulses on one hand and the observation of interesting phenomena on the other hand. The ultrashort mid- and far infrared pulses arc predestinated for studies e.g. of fast detectors, nanometer thin-film diodes and high-Tc superconductors. The development of a plasma shutter with a laser-triggered spark gap which cuts off 10 pm TEA CO2 laser radiation within 10 ps permits the generation of reproducible 30 ps 10 pm pulses by optical free induction decay (OFID). In addition, it was demonstrated that far-infrared emitting molecular gases, such as CHjF, can be applied as OFID filter as well as the usual hot CO2. A combination of a high-pressure TEA CO2 laser with the plasma shutter mentioned allows us the generation of frequency-tunable truncated and .30 ps OFID 10 pm pulses. A modification of this plasma shutter also works for far-infrared laser radiation. Pumping far-infrared emission with 10 pm TEA CO2 laser pulses truncated by the plasma shutter already discussed provided a wealth of exciting phenomena: stimulated Raman emission with anucorrelated fluctuations of 10 pm pump beam and far-infrared emission, forward standard and swept-gain superradiance, backward superradiance. 10 pm OFID related to far-infrared emission as well as the generation of mid-infrared solitons in far-infrared Raman scattering. Optical pumping of far-infrared emissions was the clue for the realization of distributed and helical feedback gas lasers. Because of their long wavelengths and periods, these far-infrared DFB and HFB lasers represent an excellent tool to test the various theories on all kinds of DFB and HFB. Whilst the theories on cw DFB and HFB lasers are generally approved, those on the pulsed DFB and HFB lasers need considerable improvement to explain experimental facts. Presumably, this will be achieved by the theory on solitons in periodic laser structures without, and with cw or pulsed gain. Characteristic phenomena involved are in- and out-gap solitons, transitions to chaos, pulse formation, stabilization and decay.
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Nowzari, Cameron, Jorge Cortes, and George J. Pappas. "Team-triggered coordination of robotic networks for optimal deployment." In 2015 American Control Conference (ACC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2015.7172239.
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Prazeres, Christopher, Afonso Hachyia, and Marcio Takahashi. "Big Data and Telemetry Data Methodology for Usage Failure Mode Detection." In SAE Brasil 2023 Congress. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-36-0013.
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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Using current technologies, a single “entry level” vehicle has millions of electrical signals sent through dozens of modules, sensors and actuators, and those signals can be sent over the air, creating a telemetry data that can be used for several ends.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">One electrical device is set up to have diagnosis, in order to make maintenance feasible and support repair, plus giving improvement directions for specialists on new developments and specifications, but in several cases the diagnosis can only determine the mechanism of failure, but not the event that triggered that failure. Current evaluation method involves teardown, testing and knowledge from the involved specialized team, but this implies in recovering of failed parts, which in larger automakers with thousands of dealers/repair shops, reduces the sample for analyses when there is a systemic issue with one component. This specificity is usual in Propulsions systems, regarding electro-mechanical devices, and sensors, also in electrochemical devices, such as batteries and others, when a systemic issue appears, the teardown reveals its failure, but now why it failed.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Based on that information and needs a methodology using big data mining and tools combined with available telemetry data in order to detect statistically main events or contributors/variables that triggers a failure event. That sort of methodology is helpful and more agile since it doesn’t depend on recovering of parts to give directions of which potential event may trigger a failure event, supporting in systemic/application comprehension of any component failure which uses electrical signals monitored within vehicle, and doesn’t depend on extraction of failed components, it can use and consider every single failed vehicle, for one specific component, as basis for analyses and identification of failure event, which will support in systemic correction/improvement and adjustment/improvement of specification for future and specific developments.</div></div>
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Perungulam, Srikanth, Scott Wills, and Greg Mekras. "Yield Enhancement Study: Process Variation and Design Margins Leading to Timing Issues in the RAM." In ISTFA 2000. ASM International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2000p0077.
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Abstract This paper illustrates a yield enhancement effort on a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) where random columns in the Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) were found to be failing. In this SRAM circuit, sense amps are designed with a two-stage separation and latch sequence. In the failing devices the bit line and bit_bar line were not separated far enough in voltage before latching got triggered. The design team determined that the sense amp was being turned on too quickly. The final conclusion was that a marginal sense amp design, combined with process deviations, would result in this type of failure. The possible process issues were narrowed to variations of via resistances on the bit and bit_bar lines. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) inspection of the the Focused Ion Beam (FIB) cross sections followed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) showed the presence of contaminants at the bottom of the vias causing resistance variations.
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Endelita Musdian, Magita. "ANALYSIS OF ALCOHOL AND SUGAR LEVELS IN KOMBUCHA WITH GREEN TEA AT UKM DEE PARFAIT USING MQ3 AND PHOTODIODES SENSORS." In International conference on Innovation and Technology. JOURNAL OF INNOVATION AND APPLIED TECHNOLOGY, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiat.2021.se.01.009.
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Kombucha tea is a fermented drink between sugar and tea with a starter culture called SCOBY which can trigger an increase in body immunity and is rich in nutrients. Kombucha Tea at UKM Dee Parfait uses green tea as raw material which is fermented using SCOBY starter culture using 200 grams of sugar. Testing the sugar content in kombucha tea can take advantage of the phenomenon of optical substances, where when polarized light passes through a solution containing sugar groups, the light will rotate because it can change the direction of the light and will be captured by the photodiode sensor. Testing the alcohol content using the MQ3 sensor, this gas sensor is sensitive to detect the ethanol content that evaporates in the free air. Analysis of alcohol and sugar content can be determined by linear equations. Based on the results of research from the green tea leaves kombucha tea product of UKM Dee Parfait by using the MQ3 sensor to detect alcohol content, a linear equation of alcohol content was obtained y=0,115x-3,565, while using a photodiode sensor to detect sugar content obtained a linear equation of sugar content y=0,23-7.13.
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Degnan, Brian P., and Gregory D. Durgin. "Asynchronous trigger modulation for RFID systems." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rfid-ta.2015.7379810.
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Lee, Se Hee, Jin Won Huh, Sang Bum Hong, Chae Man Lim, and Youn Suck Koh. "Clinical outcome of medical emergency team activation according to trigger time." In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa2341.
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Yu, Chih-Sheng, Ming-Yu Lin, Yi-Chiuen Hu, Heng-Tsang Hu, and Hsiao-Yu Chou. "Bio-Droplets Self-Mixing by Pattern Surface." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80710.
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In this paper, we characterize a gradient of surface tension by patterning surface that containing radiative texture and hydrophobic behavior. The protein absorption is a challenge on the hydrophobic surface; we describe a method to manipulate the blood-droplet moving on the hydrophobic surface without stick effect. The phenomenon of droplet self-motion is due to hysteresis effect that triggered the droplet to move with a velocity of about 20mm/s. Mixing of two droplets is experimentally in this device and mixing time less than ten seconds.
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Bolger, David, Stuart Kilbourn, Jeff Crombie, and Steven Kidd. "Real Time Monitoring of Subsea Well Foundation Integrity." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18210.
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Abstract Production wells have been constructed in an area offshore which is known for having localised deposits of very soft soil close to mudline. During well planning, it was identified that two other operators had attempted to drill in the region but had to suspend or abandon the well due to excessive degradation of the soil supporting the well foundation. The objective of this work was to provide real-time wellhead integrity data to support the well management team during operations. The real-time monitoring system was deployed on a subsea BOP stack and riser during drilling and completion operations to monitor motions. From the recorded signals, wellhead integrity was inferred by determining the BOP stack characteristic frequency and effective fixity depth. These integrity parameters were relayed to the vessel via a hydroacoustic link and then delivered onshore. An automatic alarm system was setup based on pre-defined limits which would be triggered during operations if the integrity of the well foundation became at risk of permanent damage. Additionally, the BOP stack motion data allowed the accumulated fatigue damage to be tracked. The alarm system provided a regular 15-minute check on the integrity of the wellhead and conductor system. If advisory limits were triggered, the well management team were able to assess weather forecasts and make an informed decision to continue drilling or to disconnect from the wellhead to avoid a period of rough weather. This would prevent excessive degradation of the soil and protect the integrity of the well. When increased BOP motions were observed by the drilling team, operations were able to continue with confidence because the integrity data remained within acceptable limits. This avoided unnecessary downtime, providing significant savings in both cost and rig-time as well as improving the overall safety profile of the operation.
Reports on the topic "Tea triggered"
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Medina de Loera, Wendy Alejandra. The making of a digital archive, by a non-archivist. York University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/10315/41554.
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This online exhibit has been created to share relevant insights about the process of preparing a digital archive for junior and senior scholars who have no training as archivist. The exhibit is based on my experience as a non-archivist making David Wurfel digital archive. The reflections and ideas captured in this online exhibit were triggered and enriched by multiple readings and the project team. The hope is that the ideas discussed in this exhibit will be helpful to all of those who may not have training as archivists but may be interested in preserving and sharing material via its digitization and display through an online archive.
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Martiny, Luis Eugênio, Larissa Zanetti Theil, Eloy Maciel Neto, Gonçalo Dias, José Pedro Ferreira, and Rui Mendes. EFFECTS OF FLOW STATES ON ELITE ATHLETES IN INVASION TEAM SPORTS: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW PROTOCOL. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.11.0114.
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Review question / Objective: How does the flow state occur in invasion team sports (e.g., prevents; disrupts; restores; triggers; facilitates; hampers) and how does it influence the Elite athletes performance? Rationale: The flow state has been configured as an important flooring condition in the search for the best performance. However, there is an absence of systematizations about the flow state specifically in invasive team sports and its impact on performance. Therefore, it is relevant to qualify the types of studies conducted, their main correlations and causalities, as well as their main evidence and limitations. Condition being studied: The flow in invasion team sports and its impact on the Elite athletes performance.
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Houzer, Ella, and Ian Scoones. Are Livestock Always Bad for the Planet? Rethinking the Protein Transition and Climate Change Debate. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/steps.2021.003.
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Urgent climate challenges have triggered calls for radical, widespread changes in what we eat, pushing for the drastic reduction if not elimination of animal-source foods from our diets. But high-profile debates, based on patchy evidence, are failing to differentiate between varied landscapes, environments and production methods. Relatively low-impact, extensive livestock production, such as pastoralism, is being lumped in with industrial systems in the conversation about the future of food. This report warns that the dominant picture of livestock’s impacts on climate change has been distorted by faulty assumptions that focus on intensive, industrial farming in rich countries. Millions of people worldwide who depend on extensive livestock production, with relatively lower climate impacts, are being ignored by debates on the future of food. The report identifies ten flaws in the way that livestock’s climate impacts have been assessed, and suggests how pastoralists could be better included in future debates about food and the climate.
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Suitner, Niels. Data set on the dissolution experiments available. OceanNets, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/oceannets_d5.1.
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Abiotic laboratory-based experiments were undertaken to determine the characteristics of mineral dissolution in seawater and thereby examine the potential for ocean alkalinization applications. As part of the mesocosm campaigns on Gran Canaria 2021 (WP5.3) and Bergen 2022 (WP5.4) we contributed to the impact assessment of OAE by conducting labbased experiments, focused on the carbonate chemistry and the stability of alkalinity in TA enhanced seawater. Due to extensive precipitation of secondary Ca-carbonates during the dissolution experiments, the focus of WP5.1 changed from mineral dissolution experiments to describing and avoiding the process of runaway precipitation while studying the generation of alkalinity. Understanding when, why and how precipitation is triggered in an OAE context might be an essential factor to determine the potential as a negative emission technology. All data sets for the dissolution experiments, the precipitation process and critical thresholds are available for project members.
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Boisclair, Yves R., and Arieh Gertler. Development and Use of Leptin Receptor Antagonists to Increase Appetite and Adaptive Metabolism in Ruminants. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7697120.bard.
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Objectives The original project had 2 major objectives: (1) To determine the effects of centrally administered leptin antagonist on appetite and adaptive metabolism in the sheep; (2) To develop and prepare second-generation leptin antagonists combining high binding affinity and prolonged in vivo half-life. Background Periods of suboptimal nutrition or exaggerated metabolic activity demands lead to a state of chronic energy insufficiency. Ruminants remain productive for a surprisingly long period of time under these circumstances by evoking adaptations sparing available energy and nutrients. The mechanism driving these adaptations in ruminant remains unknown, but could involve a reduction in plasma leptin, a hormone acting predominantly in the brain. In laboratory animals, reduced leptin signaling promotes survival during nutritional insufficiency by triggering energy sparing adaptations such as reduced thyroid hormone production and insulin resistance. Our overall hypothesis is that similar adaptations are triggered by reduced leptin signaling in the brain of ruminants. Testing of this hypothesis in ruminants has not been possible due to inability to block the actions of endogenous leptin and access to ruminant models where leptin antagonistic therapy is feasible and effective. Major achievements and conclusions The Israeli team had previously mutated 3 residues in ovine leptin, with no effect on receptor binding. This mutant was renamed ovine leptin antagonist (OLA) because it cannot activate signaling and therefore antagonizes the ability of wild type leptin to activate its receptor. To transform OLA into an effective in vivo antagonist, the Israeli made 2 important technical advances. First, it incorporated an additional mutation into OLA, increasing its binding affinity and thus transforming it into a super ovine leptin antagonist (SOLA). Second, the Israeli team developed a method whereby polyethylene glycol is covalently attached to SOLA (PEG-SOLA) with the goal of extending its half-life in vivo. The US team used OLA and PEG-SOLA in 2 separate animal models. First, OLA was chronically administered directly into the brain of mature sheep via a cannula implanted into the 3rdcerebroventricule. Unexpectedly, OLA had no effect of voluntary feed intake or various indicators of peripheral insulin action but reduced the plasma concentration of thyroid hormones. Second, the US team tested the effect of peripheral PEG-SOLA administration in an energy sensitive, rapidly growing lamb model. PEG-SOLA was administered for 14 consecutive days after birth or for 5 consecutive days before sacrifice on day 40 of life. Plasma PEG-SOLA had a half-life of over 16 h and circulated in 225- to 288-fold excess over endogenous leptin. PEG-SOLA administration reduced plasma thyroid hormones and resulted in a higher fat content in the carcass at slaughter, but had no effects on feed intake, body weight, plasma glucose or insulin. These results show that the team succeeded in developing a leptin antagonist with a long in vivo half-life. Moreover, in vivo results show that reduced leptin signaling promotes energy sparing in ruminants by repressing thyroid hormone production. Scientific and agricultural implications The physiological role of leptin in ruminants has been difficult to resolve because peripheral administration of wild type leptin causes little effects. Our work with leptin antagonists show for the first time in ruminants that reduced leptin signaling induces energy sparing mechanisms involving thyroid hormone production with little effect on peripheral insulin action. Additional work is needed to develop even more potent leptin antagonists, to establish optimal administration protocols and to narrow down phases of the ruminant life cycle when their use will improve productivity.
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Wideman, Jr., Robert F., Nicholas B. Anthony, Avigdor Cahaner, Alan Shlosberg, Michel Bellaiche, and William B. Roush. Integrated Approach to Evaluating Inherited Predictors of Resistance to Pulmonary Hypertension Syndrome (Ascites) in Fast Growing Broiler Chickens. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7575287.bard.
Full textAbstract:
Background PHS (pulmonary hypertension syndrome, ascites syndrome) is a serious cause of loss in the broiler industry, and is a prime example of an undesirable side effect of successful genetic development that may be deleteriously manifested by factors in the environment of growing broilers. Basically, continuous and pinpointed selection for rapid growth in broilers has led to higher oxygen demand and consequently to more frequent manifestation of an inherent potential cardiopulmonary incapability to sufficiently oxygenate the arterial blood. The multifaceted causes and modifiers of PHS make research into finding solutions to the syndrome a complex and multi threaded challenge. This research used several directions to better understand the development of PHS and to probe possible means of achieving a goal of monitoring and increasing resistance to the syndrome. Research Objectives (1) To evaluate the growth dynamics of individuals within breeding stocks and their correlation with individual susceptibility or resistance to PHS; (2) To compile data on diagnostic indices found in this work to be predictive for PHS, during exposure to experimental protocols known to trigger PHS; (3) To conduct detailed physiological evaluations of cardiopulmonary function in broilers; (4) To compile data on growth dynamics and other diagnostic indices in existing lines selected for susceptibility or resistance to PHS; (5) To integrate growth dynamics and other diagnostic data within appropriate statistical procedures to provide geneticists with predictive indices that characterize resistance or susceptibility to PHS. Revisions In the first year, the US team acquired the costly Peckode weigh platform / individual bird I.D. system that was to provide the continuous (several times each day), automated weighing of birds, for a comprehensive monitoring of growth dynamics. However, data generated were found to be inaccurate and irreproducible, so making its use implausible. Henceforth, weighing was manual, this highly labor intensive work precluding some of the original objectives of using such a strategy of growth dynamics in selection procedures involving thousands of birds. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements 1. Healthy broilers were found to have greater oscillations in growth velocity and acceleration than PHS susceptible birds. This proved the scientific validity of our original hypothesis that such differences occur. 2. Growth rate in the first week is higher in PHS-susceptible than in PHS-resistant chicks. Artificial neural network accurately distinguished differences between the two groups based on growth patterns in this period. 3. In the US, the unilateral pulmonary occlusion technique was used in collaboration with a major broiler breeding company to create a commercial broiler line that is highly resistant to PHS induced by fast growth and low ambient temperatures. 4. In Israel, lines were obtained by genetic selection on PHS mortality after cold exposure in a dam-line population comprising of 85 sire families. The wide range of PHS incidence per family (0-50%), high heritability (about 0.6), and the results in cold challenged progeny, suggested a highly effective and relatively easy means for selection for PHS resistance 5. The best minimally-invasive diagnostic indices for prediction of PHS resistance were found to be oximetry, hematocrit values, heart rate and electrocardiographic (ECG) lead II waves. Some differences in results were found between the US and Israeli teams, probably reflecting genetic differences in the broiler strains used in the two countries. For instance the US team found the S wave amplitude to predict PHS susceptibility well, whereas the Israeli team found the P wave amplitude to be a better valid predictor. 6. Comprehensive physiological studies further increased knowledge on the development of PHS cardiopulmonary characteristics of pre-ascitic birds, pulmonary arterial wedge pressures, hypotension/kidney response, pulmonary hemodynamic responses to vasoactive mediators were all examined in depth. Implications, scientific and agricultural Substantial progress has been made in understanding the genetic and environmental factors involved in PHS, and their interaction. The two teams each successfully developed different selection programs, by surgical means and by divergent selection under cold challenge. Monitoring of the progress and success of the programs was done be using the in-depth estimations that this research engendered on the reliability and value of non-invasive predictive parameters. These findings helped corroborate the validity of practical means to improve PHT resistance by research-based programs of selection.
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Phillips, Donald A., Yitzhak Spiegel, and Howard Ferris. Optimizing nematode management by defining natural chemical bases of behavior. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7587234.bard.
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This project was based on the hypothesis that nematodes interacting with plants as either parasites or beneficial saprophytes are attracted to their host by natural products. This concept was supported by numerous observations that parasitic nematodes are attracted to root exudates. Our overall goal was to identify nematode sensory compounds from root exudates and to use that information for reducing nematicide applications. We applied skills of the investigators to achieve three specific objectives: 1) Identify nematode behavioral cues (e.g., attractants or repellents) in root exudates; 2) Identify new natural nematicidal compounds; and 3) Combine a natural attractant and a nematicide into a nematode trap. Because saprophytic nematodes benefit plants by mineralizing organic matter, we sought compounds attractive primarily to parasitic nematodes. The project was constructed on several complementary foundations. First, data from Dr. Spiegel’s lab showed that under aseptic conditions Ditylenchus dipsaci, a parasite on onion, is attracted to certain fractions of onion root exudates. Second, PI Phillips had a sizeable collection of natural plant products he had identified from previous work on Rhizobium-legume interactions, which could be tested “off the shelf”. Third, Dr. Ferris had access to aseptic and natural populations of various saprophytic and parasitic nematodes. The project focused on five nematode species: D.dipsaci, Heterodera avenae, and Tylenchulussemipenetransat ARO, and Meloidogyne javanicand Caenorhabditis elegans at UCD. Ten pure plant compounds, mostly flavonoids, were tested on the various nematode species using six different assay systems. Results obtained with assorted test systems and by various scientists in the same test systems were essentially irreproducible. Many convincing, Many convincing, i.e. statistically significant, results in one system or with one investigator could not be repeated with other assays or different people. A recent report from others found that these compounds, plus another 30, were inactive as attractants in three additional parasitic nematode species (Wuyts et al. Nematology 8:89- 101, 2006). Assays designed to test the hypothesis that several compounds together are required to attract nematodes have thus far failed to find a reproducibly active combination. In contrast to results using pure plant compounds, complex unfractionated exudates from aseptic onion root reproducibly attracted D. dipsaci in both the ARO and UCD labs. Onion root exudate collection, separation into HPLC fractions, assays using D. dipsaci and MS-MS experiments proceeded collaboratively between ARO and UCD without any definitive identification of an active compound. The final active fraction contained two major molecules and traces of several other compounds. In the end, analytical studies were limited by the amount of onion root exudate and the complexity of the purification process. These tests showed that aseptic plant roots release attractant molecules, but whether nematodes influence that release, as insects trigger release of attractants from plants, is unknown. Related experiments showed that the saprophyte C. elegans stimulates its prey, Pseudomonas bacteria, to increase production of 2, 4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) a compound that promotes amino acid exudation by plant roots. It is thus possible that saprophytic nematodes are attracted primarily to their bacterial or fungal prey and secondarily to effects of those microorganisms on root exudation. These observations offer promising avenues for understanding root-zone interactions, but no direct routes to controlling nematodes in agriculture were evident. Extracts from two plant sources, Chrysanthemum coronarium and Sequoia sempervirens, showed nematicidal activity at ARO and UCD, respectively. Attempts to purify an active compound from S. sempervirens failed, but preliminary results from C. coronarium are judged to form a potential basis for further work at ARO. These results highlight the problems of studying complex movement patterns in sentient organisms like nematodes and the issues associated with natural product isolation from complex mixtures. Those two difficulties combined with complications now associated with obtaining US visas, slowed and ultimately limited progress on this project. As a result, US investigators expended only 65% of the $207,400 originally planned for this project. The Israeli side of the project advanced more directly toward its scientific goals and lists its expenditures in the customary financial report.