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Zheng, Rui. "SSR mitigation with TCSC in power systems." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2017. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/112673/.
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Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) is considered as solutions to the fast increasing demand in modern power systems. The TCSC project located at Hutton substation in the Great Britain (GB) power system is used to reinforce the existing transmission line to meet the 2020 target by introducing more renewable energy into the network. It is also able to provide system stability improvement and Sub-Synchronous Resonance (SSR) mitigation with its flexbile operational princinples. SSR problems in power systems are caused by the interaction between the mechanical turbine shaft system and the electrical system resonance. The capability of TCSC in SSR mitigation in High Voltage Alternative Current (HVAC) systems is investigated. The study is conducted in two aspects, the inherent capability of TCSC to mitigate SSR and the active control scheme of TCSC for SSR damping. The operational principle of TCSC and the dynamic performance of TCSC under SSR impacts are analysed. It is found that the regulation of thyristors allows TCSC to transform sub-synchronous components into fundamental components. This ability of TCSC contributes to an improvement in SSR damping. A Sub-Synchronous Damping Controller (SSDC) for TCSC is to secure the mitigation of SSR. But conventional SSDC has its limitations and challenges in implementation. These limitations include communication delays due to remote information transmitting at the generator side and the poor performance of bandpass filters due to its variable frequency response. A new SSDC scheme is proposed to solve the limitations and to improve the performance of SSR damping. A physical TCSC device is designed and implemented at the laboratory scale. By interconnecting with Real-Time Digital Simulation (RTDS) and Power Amplifier (PA), III a TCSC platform is set up to perform experimental tests. The effectiveness of the proposed SSDC scheme is validated with both simulation software on PSCAD/EMTDC and the TCSC platform. The simulation results agree with the experimental test results. The developed TCSC platform can be utilised for testing other control schemes for SSR mitigations.
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Tang, Jun. "Causal models for analysis of TCAS-induced collisions." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/309134.
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Una sèrie de col·lisions aèries que van succeir durant un període d’uns 30 anys (1956-1986) van ser un dels principals motius pels quals l’Administració Federal d’Aviació (FAA) va prendre la decisió de desenvolupar i implementar un sistema de prevenció de col·lisions eficaç que actués com a últim recurs, quan es produís una fallada del servei de separació d’aeronaus per part del controlador de trànsit aeri (ATC). El Sistema d’Alerta de Trànsit i Anticol·lisió (TCAS) va ser desenvolupat per a aquest objectiu a partir d’una anàlisi completa de dades de vol. Com a resultat, la influència de TCAS en la seguretat del vol ha estat eficaç, beneficiosa i significativa en la reducció de la probabilitat de col·lisions.
Els projectes Single European Sky ATM Research (SESAR) i Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) pretenen millorar l’eficiència en la gestió del tràfic aeri (ATM) al mateix temps que es pretén reduir l’actual capacitat latent en el costat aire mitjançant la incorporació de noves tecnologies i procediments. En conseqüència, serà necessari investigar l’impacte en seguretat en augmentar la capacitat de l’espai aeri mitjançant una anàlisi exhaustiva i una avaluació efectiva del vol. En aquesta tesi, es proposen diversos models causals de colisions entre aeronaus per millorar el rendiment del TCAS tenint en compte el potencial efecte sobre el trànsit colindant, considerant escenaris futurs amb un nombre elevat de trajectòries.
Els diferents models han estat especificats com a sistemes a esdeveniments discrets mitjançant el formalisme de Xarxes de Petri Acolorides. Mitjançant l’anàlisi de l’espai d’estat d’un volum d’espai aeri amb diverses aeronaus, els models desenvolupats avaluen els efectes dels diferents RAs generats pel TCAS sobre el tràfic col·lindant. Els models han estat validats utilitzant InCAS i ofereixen una perspectiva global de les dinàmiques que es generen, i una millor comprensió de les potencials col·lisions induïdes per a una millor valoració del risc de col·lisió.
Com a resultat, els escenaris amb tràfic col·lindant que podrien iniciar col·lisions induïdes han estat identificats i caracteritzats. L’anàlisi quantitativa del factor de risc de col·lisions induïdes per TCAS ha estat realitzat per avaluar l’impacte de la demora del pilot per respondre als avisos TCAS durant el vol en escenaris d’alta densitat. Mitjançant l’ús de models estocàstics per representar la resposta del pilot s’han analitzat els diferents estats assolibles amb l’objectiu de generar resolucions cooperatives. En conseqüència, el rendiment de TCAS es podria millorar de forma innovadora sense necessitat d’introduir canvis rellevants en la lògica.
Els models causals de col·lisions proposats poden ser utilitzats com a eines auxiliars en l’anàlisi d’escenaris de tràfic dens, i augmentar la capacitat de l’espai aeri, gestionant de manera eficient i segura un major nombre de vols. El present treball contribueix a continuar les investigacions en l’anàlisi de la seguretat dels conceptes ATM actuals i avançats, incloent les futures extensions de TCAS.Una serie de colisiones en el aire que ocurrieron durante un período de unos 30 años (1956-1986) fueron uno de los principales motivos por los que la Administración Federal de Aviación (FAA) tomó la decisión de desarrollar e implementar un sistema de prevención de colisiones eficaz que actuara como último recurso, cuando se produjese un fallo del servicio de separación de aeronaves por parte del controlador de tránsito aéreo (ATC). El Sistema de Alerta de Tráfico y Anticolisión (TCAS) fue desarrollado para este objetivo a partir de un análisis completo de datos de vuelo. Como resultado La influencia de TCAS en la seguridad del vuelo ha sido eficaz, beneficiosa y significativa en la reducción de la probabilidad de colisiones. Los proyectos Single European Sky ATM Research (SESAR) y Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) pretenden mejorar la eficiencia en la gestión del tráfico aéreo (ATM) al mismo tiempo que se pretende reducir la actual capacidad latente en el lado aire mediante la incorporación de nuevas tecnologías y procedimientos,. En consecuencia, va a ser necesario investigar el impacto en seguridad al aumentar la capacidad del espacio aéreo mediante un análisis exhaustivo y una evaluación efectiva del vuelo. En esta tesis, se proponen varios modelos causales de encuentro entre aeronaves para mejorar el rendimiento del TCAS teniendo en cuenta el potencial efecto sobre el tráfico colindante, considerando escenarios futuros con un número elevado de trayectorias. Los diferentes modelos han sido especificados como sistemas a eventos discretos mediante el formalismo de Redes de Petri Coloreadas. Mediante el análisis del espacio de estado de un volumen de espacio aéreo con varias aeronaves, los modelos desarrollados evalúan los efectos de los distintos RAs generados por TCAS sobre el tráfico colindante. Los modelos han sido validados utilizando InCAS y ofrecen una perspectiva global de las dinámicas que se generan, y una mejor comprensión de las potenciales colisiones inducidas para una mejor valoración del riesgo de colisión. Como resultado, los escenarios con tráfico colindante que podrían iniciar colisiones inducidas han sido identificados y caracterizados. El análisis cuantitativo del factor de riesgo de colisiones inducidas por TCAS ha sido realizado para evaluar el impacto de la demora del piloto para responder a los avisos TCAS durante el vuelo en escenarios de alta densidad. Mediante el uso de modelos estocásticos para representar la respuesta del piloto se han analizado los diferentes estados alcanzables con el objetivo de generar resoluciones cooperativas. En consecuencia, el rendimiento de TCAS se podría mejorar de forma innovadora sin necesidad de introducir cambios relevantes en la lógica. Los modelos de encuentros causales propuestos pueden ser utilizados como herramientas auxiliares en el análisis de escenarios de tráfico denso, y aumentar la capacidad del espacio aéreo, gestionando de manera eficiente y segura un mayor número de vuelos. El presente trabajo contribuye a continuar las investigaciones en el análisis de la seguridad de los conceptos ATM actuales y avanzados, incluyendo las futuras extensiones de TCAS.
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Ericson, Peter. "TCPA/TCG and NGSCB : Benefits and Risks for Users." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-934.
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Trusted computing has been proposed as a way to enhance computer security and privacy significantly by including them in the design of computing platforms instead of adding them on top of an inherently insecure foundation; however, the project has attracted much criticism. This dissertation looks at trusted computing from the user perspective. Possible beneficial uses of the technology are brought up, and some of the raised criticism is discussed. The criticism is analyzed in an attempt to find out if the criticism is correct on all points, or if some of it is the result of misinformation or misunderstanding. The conclusion is that not all the arguments against trusted computing are correct, and that the possible implications for users are taken into account in the development process. The dissertation ends on a positive note, concluding that trusted computing is possible without the worst fears of the critics coming true.
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MORAES, I. J. "Aplicação de TCSC na Distribuição Primária: Estudo de caso." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/9667.
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Previous issue date: 2016-08-25Nos dias atuais, o sistema de distribuição tem passado por problemas elétricos que requerem soluções distintas das convencionais. Dispositivos de eletrônica de potência, já consolidados, quando aplicados aos sistemas de transmissão para melhorar suas características, começam a ter grande uso também a nível de distribuição de energia. O uso de dispositivos com eletrônica de potência como o TCSC (Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor), comumente usado em linhas de transmissão, está sendo gradualmente utilizado em sistemas de distribuição de média tensão, evitando, assim, gastos desnecessários por parte das concessionárias, tal como o recondutoramento do alimentador. Este trabalho apresenta a modelagem de um TCSC e analisa a sua operação atuando como limitador de corrente de falta, em um alimentador de distribuição de 11,4 kV, apresentando por simulação, seu comportamento no estado estacionário, bem como durante uma condição de falta. A modelagem de um circuito detector de falta que controla o acionamento dos tiristores do TCSC é realizada, onde é proposta uma transição em rampa para a recuperação de um estado para a operação normal, analisando seu desempenho. O diagrama de blocos para alcançar tal metodologia de recuperação é apresentado e pode ser implementado em qualquer software de simulação. Os resultados de simulação mostram o bom desempenho da bordagem proposta.
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Cleveland, William Peter. "Improving pilot understanding of TCAS through the traffic situation display." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47726.
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The goal of this thesis is to improve pilot understanding of the Traffic alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) by changing the Traffic Situation Display (TSD). This is supported by two objectives.
The first objective is to create an integrated, realistic air traffic environment. This serves as an experimental platform for testing and evaluating future TCAS TSDs. The simulator environment includes a desktop flight simulator, background air traffic simulator, and intruder aircraft. The intruder aircraft uses seven dimensional waypoints to robustly follow trajectories and cause specific resolution advisories.
Second, the relative benefits of, and potential concerns with, new TCAS TSDs are explored using a structured, iterative design process with subject matter ex- perts (SMEs). Incremental changes to the TSD were implemented into the simulator environment. SMEs evaluated the displays and potential points of confusion were identified.
Several display features are discussed and implemented for future evaluations. These include boundary lines of TCAS variables depicted on the TSD and on a vertical situation display, speed lines which vary with the TCAS estimate of time to closest point of approach, and a prediction of the safe altitude target during a resolution advisory.
Scenarios which may be confusing or misleading are discussed. These scenarios may be ameliorated or exacerbated by display features. This information is useful to guide both design and certification or operational approval and is a starting place for future TCAS experiments.
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Xu, Yingru, and 徐霙茹. "A study of using music in primary school TCSL class." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48369299.
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随着中国经济的发展，国家地位不断崛起，“汉语热”也在世界各地逐渐兴起，对外汉语教学开始成为语言教育中一个新的关注点。无论是内地还是香港，大量的国际学校开始开设中文课，家长们都希望自己的孩子可以从小就学习中文。由于学生母语并非中文，背景也参差不同，因此，使用什么方式，既可以提高学生学习的兴趣，也可以帮助学生学习汉语成为了教师关注的焦点。
本文将通过实际的汉语教学实践，介绍音乐教学法在小学对外汉语教学中的应用，并详细解释音乐教学法的使用方式，旨在把音乐作为一种载体，用更加朗朗上口的方式教学中文，以求达到更好的教学效果。
本文共分为五个章节。
第一章为引言，介绍当前对外汉语教学的大背景，提出问题。
第二章为文献综述，搜集音乐教学法的理论基础，并且联系音乐与汉语间的密切关系。
第三章将介绍音乐在教学中的应用，包括音乐的优点、教学功能和其他功能。
第四章将详细分析笔者在香港九龙小学做的一系列音乐教学实验。
第五章为总结，阐述音乐教学法的优势和认知上的误区，以及文章在写作上的限制和对音乐教学法的展望。
With the economic development, China’s position continues to rise. "Chinese fever" is also gradually on the rise around the world, teaching Chinese as a second language (TCSL) in language education became a new focus. Both the mainland and Hong Kong, a large number of international schools begin to offer Chinese language classes. Parents hope their children to learn Chinese from an early age. As the student's native language is not Chinese and the background also varies, thus, using which method, not only can enhance students' interest in learning but also can help students to learn Chinese, has become a spotlight in teaching.
This article will introduce using music pedagogy in primary school TCSL class and explain in detail through the teaching practice. The purpose is that using the music as a carrier, with more catchy way to teach Chinese in order to achieve better teaching results.
This paper is composed of the following five chapters.
The first chapter introduces the current foreign language teaching background and asks questions.
The second chapter is literature review, collecting theoretical basis of music teaching, contacts the close relationship between Chinese and music.
The third chapter describes the application of music in teaching, including the advantages of music, teaching and other features.
The fourth chapter will analyze a series of music teaching experiment in detail of author in Hong Kong Kowloon primary school.
The fifth chapter is Summary. It describes the advantages and knowledge errors of music pedagogy, limitations on article writing and the prospect of music pedagogy.published_or_final_version
Education
Master
Master of Education
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Saleem, Muhammad, Shanmukha S. Padmanabhuni, Ngomo Axel-Cyrille Ngonga, Aftab Iqbal, Jonas S. Almeida, Stefan Decker, and Helena F. Deus. "TopFed: TCGA tailored federated query processing and linking to LOD." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-157845.
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Methods: We address these issues by transforming the TCGA data into the Semantic Web standard Resource Description Format (RDF), link it to relevant datasets in the Linked Open Data (LOD) cloud and further propose an efficient data distribution strategy to host the resulting 20.4 billion triples data via several SPARQL endpoints. Having the TCGA data distributed across multiple SPARQL endpoints, we enable biomedical scientists to query and retrieve information from these SPARQL endpoints by proposing a TCGA tailored federated SPARQL query processing engine named TopFed. Results: We compare TopFed with a well established federation engine FedX in terms of source selection and query execution time by using 10 different federated SPARQL queries with varying requirements. Our evaluation results show that TopFed selects on average less than half of the sources (with 100% recall) with query execution time equal to one third to that of FedX. Conclusion: With TopFed, we aim to offer biomedical scientists a single-point-of-access through which distributed TCGA data can be accessed in unison. We believe the proposed system can greatly help researchers in the biomedical domain to carry out their research effectively with TCGA as the amount and diversity of data exceeds the ability of local resources to handle its retrieval and parsing.
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Saleem, Muhammad, Shanmukha S. Padmanabhuni, Ngomo Axel-Cyrille Ngonga, Aftab Iqbal, Jonas S. Almeida, Stefan Decker, and Helena F. Deus. "TopFed: TCGA tailored federated query processing and linking to LOD." Journal of Biomedical Semantics 2014, 5:47 doi:10.1186/2041-1480-5-47, 2014. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A13048.
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Methods: We address these issues by transforming the TCGA data into the Semantic Web standard Resource Description Format (RDF), link it to relevant datasets in the Linked Open Data (LOD) cloud and further propose an efficient data distribution strategy to host the resulting 20.4 billion triples data via several SPARQL endpoints. Having the TCGA data distributed across multiple SPARQL endpoints, we enable biomedical scientists to query and retrieve information from these SPARQL endpoints by proposing a TCGA tailored federated SPARQL query processing engine named TopFed. Results: We compare TopFed with a well established federation engine FedX in terms of source selection and query execution time by using 10 different federated SPARQL queries with varying requirements. Our evaluation results show that TopFed selects on average less than half of the sources (with 100% recall) with query execution time equal to one third to that of FedX. Conclusion: With TopFed, we aim to offer biomedical scientists a single-point-of-access through which distributed TCGA data can be accessed in unison. We believe the proposed system can greatly help researchers in the biomedical domain to carry out their research effectively with TCGA as the amount and diversity of data exceeds the ability of local resources to handle its retrieval and parsing.
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Sa, Wanderley Pires de. "Reconstrução do equilíbrio no tokamak TCA/BR." Universidade de São Paulo, 1996. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43131/tde-12122013-162240/.
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A determinação precisa e rápida das configurações de equilíbrio Magnetohidrodinâmico (MHD) em tokamaks é de fundamental importância para o confinamento magnético do plasma. Através do conhecimento dos parâmetros que caracterizam este equilíbrio MHD é possível controlar o plasma durante a sua formação por processos de realimentação. Uma análise mais detalhada destes parâmetros é necessária, também, entre um disparo e outro, para a estruturação do experimento. Neste trabalho é investigada a reconstrução das configurações de equilíbrio MHD no tokamak TCA/BR a partir de medidas magnéticas externas, utilizando um método que permite uma rápida determinação dos parâmetros principais da descarga. A tese divide-se em duas partes. Na primeira, é apresentada a construção de um código de equilíbrio que resolve a equação de Grad-Shafranov para a configuração geométrica que caracteriza o tokamak TCA/BR. Na segunda, é descrito o processo de reconstrução do equilíbrio MHD através de medidas de campos e fluxos magnéticos externos ao plasma no TCA/BR, e utilizando o método de Função de Parametrização FP. Este método baseia-se no tratamento estatístico de um banco de dados simulados de configurações de equilíbrio, com o objetivo de obter uma expressão simples relacionando os parâmetros que caracterizam o equilíbrio e as medidas realizadas. Os resultados obtidos através da FP são comparados com os obtidos através de outros métodos convencionais.The accurate and rapid determination of the Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equilibrium configuration in tokamaks is a fundamental subject for the magnetic confinement of the plasma. With the knowledge of characteristic plasma MHD equilibrium parameters it is possible to control the plasma position during its formation using feed-back techniques. It is also necessary an on-line analysis between successive discharges to program external parameters for the subsequent discharges. In this work it is investigated the MHD equilibrium configuration reconstruction of the TCA/BR tokamak from external magnetic measurements, using a method that is able to determine fastly the main parameters of discharge. The thesis has two parts. Firstly it is presented the development of an equilibrium co de that solves de Grad-Shafranov equation for the TCA/BR tokamak geometry. Secondly it is presented the MHD equilibrium reconstruction process from external magnetic field and flux measurements using the Function Parametrization FP method. This method is based on the statistical analysis of a database of simulated equilibrium configurations, with the goal of obtaining a simple relationship between the parameters that characterize the equilibrium and the measurements. The results from FP are compared with conventional methods.
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Billingsley, Thomas B. (Thomas Boyd). "Safety analysis of TCAS on Global Hawk using airspace encounter models." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35294.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 66).
The U.S. Air Force's RQ-4 Global Hawk unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is a high altitude, long endurance aircraft used for surveillance and reconnaissance. Because of the potential for close proximity to manned aircraft in civil airspace, collision avoidance is a major concern, and the Air Force is seeking to equip Global Hawk with the Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) to reduce the probability of mid-air collision. Currently, Global Hawk is equipped with a Mode S transponder and uses chase aircraft, ground observers and/or ground radar contact to comply with the collision avoidance requirement. In order to evaluate TCAS effectiveness, a fast-time simulation tool has been developed at MIT Lincoln Laboratory that computes the mean probability of a near mid-air collision for a large number of close encounters between two aircraft. Airspace encounter models enable sets of encounters to be simulated that are statistically representative of the aircraft encounters that actually occur in the airspace. The TCAS logic is implemented in the simulation tool and the aircraft responses during the encounters, with and without TCAS, are simulated in parallel.
(cont.) By observing measured vertical miss distance at the closest point of approach between the two aircraft, it is possible to quantify the reduction in collision risk provided by TCAS, termed the risk ratio. Global Hawk's flight characteristics differ from a conventional aircraft. Its mission profile through civil airspace includes slow, steep climbs and descents, and shallower turns than a conventional aircraft. Its vertical acceleration and climb rate limits can hinder its response to a TCAS resolution advisory (RA). Communication latency also may occur. For this thesis, encounter models were developed that reflect Global Hawk's flight characteristics. The new encounter models were then implemented in the simulation tool, and millions of encounters between Global Hawk and a conventional aircraft were simulated. These encounters were compared against encounters between two conventional aircraft to observe how Global Hawk's flight characteristics changed the effectiveness of TCAS. Assuming a standard pilot response to TCAS RAs, TCAS provided a significant safety improvement to Global Hawk over a Mode S transponder alone, yielding risk ratios in the range of 0.003 to 0.079.
(cont.) Global Hawk's flight characteristics generally caused a decrease in TCAS effectiveness from the original encounter models. Encounters were also simulated where Global Hawk's response to TCAS RAs was delayed by increasing amounts to simulate communication latency. A delay of approximately 15 seconds was tolerable before TCAS provided less safety than a Mode S transponder alone.
by Thomas B. Billingsley.
S.M.
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De-Millo, Maxim. "Analys av TCAS trafikdisplay och förbättring av pilotens förståelse för systemet." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-35807.
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Detta arbete berör den grafiska presentationen av antikollisionssystemet TCAS. TCAS är ett oberoende system som används för att piloten ska ha en bra översyn om trafiksituationen runt om sitt egna flygplan och vid ett farligt närmande få manöverrådgivningar för att undvika kollision. För piloten presenteras TCAS på en trafikdisplay som ofta är integrerad i någon annan display såsom navigationsdisplayen. Vid manöverrådgivning får man rådgivningar på en RAdisplay som ofta är integrerad i PFD. Syftet med detta arbete är att se om det går att förbättra den grafiska presentationen som piloten får, då det har visat sig att förståelsen för systemet ibland är bristande och vid hög trafikdensitet kan det bli rätt rörigt på trafikdisplayen. Detta är viktigt då piloten måste ha en bra uppfattning om trafiksituationen och kunna vara beredd på att göra en undanmanöver. Det är även viktigt att systemet är simpelt samtidigt som den ger all nödvändig information för att piloten ska vara medveten om trafiksituationen. Jag har i detta arbete utvecklat nya symboler genom att titta på riktlinjer för symboldesign. Symbolerna utvecklades med hänsyn till mänskliga faktorer och hur människan reagerar på olika faktorer i symbolen, som till exempel färg, uppmärksamhetsfaktorer och form. Det befintliga systemet testades i en flygsimulator. Detta gav en bra praktisk bild av hur systemet ser ut idag, och även en ide om hur jag ska utveckla de nya symbolerna. En intervju gjordes bland 6 kommersiella piloter, och utifrån deras feedback fick jag en förståelse för vad de ville ha för information på trafikdisplayen och vad de tyckte om det system jag utvecklat. Modifieringar gjordes och som resultat fick jag en simpel, men ändå informativ symboluppsättning. Den nya presentationen gav i överlag ett positivt intryck, trots att de piloter som blev intervjuade sa att de skulle kunna använda den nya designen, var de nöjda med det befintliga systemet. De tyckte dock att den nya designen kunde vara bra vid utbildning.
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Zhao, Haitao. "Analyzing TCGA Genomic and Expression Data Using SVM with Embedded Parameter Tuning." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1415629295.
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Williams, Thomas C. R. "Metabolic Flux Analysis of the TCA Cycle in Arabidopsis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.515020.
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Jin, Mengyao, and 金梦瑶. "A study of error correction strategies in TCSL of Hong Kong international schools." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48366389.
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Tuttell, Robert Joseph. "Human factors aspects of the Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS II)." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23047.
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The objective of this study was to investigate three areas of interaction between pilots and the TCAS II Collision Avoidance System in order to examine the following areas of concern: (1) Did pilots maneuver on traffic advisory (TA) information? (2) Did the pilots' use of the system increase the miss distance between conflicting aircraft? (3) Would an alternate design for the resolution advisory (RA) display be more effective than the current display? The first two questions were answered with data obtained from a NASA-Ames simulation using airline crews and a Boeing 727 flight simulator. Evaluation of these data reveal 14 incidents were pilots successfully maneuvered their aircraft using TA information. Forty scenarios where the TCAS II system directed evasive maneuvers were examined. These results show that the recommended avoidance maneuvers increased aircraft miss distance in 37 cases. Alternate designs for the resolution advisory display were evaluated using military and civilian pilots reacting to a computer display simulation. These results demonstrate that a 'red and green' RA display is more effective than the current 'red only' RA display. Keywords: Air traffic control systems, Theses. (sdw)
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Sampath, Krishna S. "Performance of traffic-alert collision avoidance (TCAS) antennas in the presence of scatterers /." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487844105975347.
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ERLACHER, R. "Comparação entre duas Estratégias de Controle do TCSC para Mitigação de Ressonância Subsíncrona." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/9664.
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Berges, Paul Martin. "Exploring the Vulnerabilities of Traffic Collision Avoidance Systems (TCAS) Through Software Defined Radio (SDR) Exploitation." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90165.
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Traffic Collision Avoidance Systems (TCAS) are safety-critical systems that are deployed on most commercial aircraft in service today. However, TCAS transactions were not designed to account for malicious actors. While in the past it may have been infeasible for an attacker to craft arbitrary radio signals, attackers today have access to open-source digital signal processing software like GNU Radio and inexpensive Software Define Radios (SDR). Therefore, this thesis presents motivation through analytical and experimental means for more investigation into TCAS from a security perspective. Methods for analyzing TCAS both qualitatively and quantitatively from an adversarial perspective are presented, and an experimental attack is developed in GNU Radio to perform an attack in a well-defined threat model.Master of Science
Since 1993, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) requires that many commercial turbine-powered aircraft to be outfitted with an on-board mid-air collision mitigation system. This system is known as the Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) in the United States, and it is known as the Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS) in other parts of the world. TCAS/ACAS is a type of safety-critical system, which means that implementations need to be highly tolerant to system failures because their operation directly affects the safety of the on-board passengers and crew. However, while safety-critical systems are tolerant to failures, the designers of these systems only account for failures that occur in a cooperative environment; these engineers fail to account for “bad actors” who want to attack the weaknesses of these systems, or they assume that attacking such a system is infeasible. Therefore, to demonstrate how safety-critical systems like TCAS/ACAS are vulnerable to such bad actors, this thesis presents a method for manipulating the TCAS/ACAS in the favor of a bad actor. To start, a method for qualitatively and quantitatively analyzing the system’s vulnerabilities is presented. Then, using Software Defined Radio (SDR), which is a free and open-source effort to combine the flexibility of software with the power of wireless communication, this thesis shows how an actor can craft wireless signals such that they appear to look like an aircraft on a collision course with a target.
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Duperrex, Pierre-André. "Measurement of magnetic fluctuations in the JET and TCA tokamak /." Lausanne : CRPP [Centre de recherches en physique des plasmas], Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, 1988. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=715.
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Smith, Anna Marie Odette. "Investigating the TCA cycle in isolated plant mitochondria using NMR." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.409761.
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Moraco, Anna Giuglia Menechelli. "Ajuste incremental de estabilizadores para geradores e dispositivos TCSC-POD em sistemas de potência." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-04012016-165847/.
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O constante aumento da demanda de energia elétrica sobre as redes e a necessidade de interligação de sistemas através de longas linhas de transmissão, culminaram em problemas relacionados à estabilidade do sistema de potência multimáquinas. Tais problemas envolvem oscilações eletromecânicas de baixa frequência classicadas como modos interáreas. Os modos interáreas são caracterizados por oscilações de frequências de até 1Hz e representam oscilações de um grupo de geradores de uma área contra grupos de geradores de outras áreas. Umavezqueoempregodeestabilizadoresdesistemasdepotência(ESP)possanãosersucienteparagarantirumamortecimentoadequadoaessesmodos,osdispositivosFACTSsurgem como uma alternativa ecaz para o amortecimento de oscilações de baixa frequência. Para este m, o Capacitor Série Controlado por Tiristor (TCSC - Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor) é um dispositivo FACTS comumente empregado e quando utilizado juntamente com um controlador suplementar para amortecimento de oscilações de potência (POD - Power Oscillation Damping) garante ao sistema de potência estabilidade e amortecimento adequado. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho de mestrado é realizar o projeto coordenado de controladores ESP e TCSC-POD efetuando um ajuste incremental dos parâmetros dos controladores através da formulação do problema por otimização e programação quadrática. Tal técnica foi utilizada anteriormente somente para o projeto de ESPs. No caso deste trabalho será feita uma adaptação para estender a possibilidade de aplicação da metodologia para casos com dispositivos FACTS presentes.The increasing demand for electricity over networks and the need for systems interconnection through long transmission lines, resulted in problems related to the multi-machine power systemstability. Theseproblemsinvolvelowfrequencyoscillationsclassiedasinterareasmodes. These modes are characterized by oscillations in frequencies up to 1 Hz, and represent a group of generators from one area oscillating against generator groups from other areas. Once the use of power system stabilyzers (PSS) controllers may not be sucient to ensure adequate damping to these modes, the FACTS devices emerge as an ecient alternative to damping low frequency oscillations. For this purpose, the TCSC (Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor)isacommonlyusedFACTSdeviceandwhenitisusedtogetherwithasupplementary controller POD (Power Oscillation Damping), ensures stability to power system and adequate damping. These controllers have the same structure as the PSS controllers. Therefore, the objective of this work is to carry out the coordinated design of PSS and TCSC-POD controllers, performing an incremental adjustment of the controllers parameters by formulating the problem as an optimization problem using quadratic programming. This method was previously used only for PSS design. In the case of this work, it is made an adaptation to extend the applicability of the methodology for cases in which there are FACTS devices present.
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Sabillón, Antúnez Carlos Francisco [UNESP]. "Alocação ótima de equipamentos SVC e TCSC na rede de transmissão de energia elétrica." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/124495.
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000836319.pdf: 1262456 bytes, checksum: 33bf95424098f66e291d0e6e622b53b7 (MD5)Esta pesquisa propõe uma nova abordagem para o problema de alocação ótima de dispositi- vos SVC (Static Variable Compensator) e TCSC (Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator) no sistema de transmissão de energia elétrica. Desde o surgimento dos FACTS na década dos anos 70, estes dispositivos tornaram-se em uma importante ferramenta na solução dos proble- mas clássicos da transmissão. Os FACTS ajudam a aumentar a capacidade de controle de fluxo ao longo das linhas e, ao mesmo tempo, a aumentar a estabilidade do sistema. Assim, estes dispositivos podem ajudar a aumentar a transmissão máxima de potência entre as regiões do sistema e também ajudar na estabilidade dinâmica do sistema. Conhecer os benefícios que os FACTS fornecem ao sistema de transmissão é importante para otimizar esse aprimoramento. Várias características devem ser levadas em consideração para encontrar um local ideal para um FACTS no sistema de transmissão, tais como: o tipo do dispositivo, o tamanho do dispo- sitivo, a transmissão de potência do sistema e as violações dos limites de tensão e de potência reativa no sistema. Este trabalho aloca dois tipos de equipamentos FACTS, SVC e TCSC. No passado, diferentes abordagens têm sido desenvolvidas com o objetivo de alocar de forma otimizada FACTS em um sistema. Estas abordagens definem o local ótimo avaliando os bene- fícios, seja em regime permanente ou em estado transitório, que os FACTS proporcionam ao sistema. O objetivo e maior contribuição desta pesquisa é encontrar uma solução do problema de alocação ótima de SVCs e TCSCs que junte, avaliando em uma mesma função objetivo, tanto os benefícios no regime permanente, quanto os benefícios dinâmicos que o equipamento proporciona ao sistema em um determinado local. A função objetivo do modelo de otimização é calculada quando um dispositivo FACTS é instalado num local específico. Os critérios de oti- mização dependem do custo de...
This research proposes a new approach for the problem of SVC and TCSC allocation in a trans- mission system. Since the rising of FACTS in the late 1970s, this type of devices had become a great tool in the search of solutions for the classic power transmission basic limitations. FACTS help to increase the controllability of flow over the lines and at the same time enhance the system stability. So, these devices can help in steady state augmenting the maximum power transfer among regions of the system and also, help in both the transient and dynamic stability of the system. Knowing the benefits that the FACTS provide to a transmission system, it is important to optimize this betterment. Several features must be taken into consideration to find an optimal location for FACTS in transmission systems such as device type, device size, total system power transfer and voltage and reactive power limit violations in the system. This work allocates two types of FACTS devices, the SVC (Static Variable Compensator) and TCSC (Thy- ristor Controlled Series Compensator). In the past, different approaches have been developed aiming to optimally allocate FACTS in a system. These approaches define their optimal loca- tion evaluating the benefits in steady state or the stability enhancement that the FACTS provide to the system. The objective and greatest contribution of this research is to find a solution for the problem of «optimal location of FACTS» that joins, evaluating in one objective function, both the steady state benefits and the dynamic benefits that the device provide to the system in a specific location. The objective function of the optimization model is calculated when a FACTS device is installed in a specific location. Its optimization criteria depend on the overall generation cost, total system losses, investment costs, maximum loading and system's transient stability. PSAT, a Matlab toolbox, is used to run the routines necessary to ...
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Sabillón, Antúnez Carlos Francisco. "Alocação ótima de equipamentos SVC e TCSC na rede de transmissão de energia elétrica /." Ilha Solteira, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/124495.
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Orientador: Marcos Julio Rider FloresBanca: Rubén Augusto Romero Lázaro
Banca: Antonio Cesar Baleeiro Alves
Resumo: Esta pesquisa propõe uma nova abordagem para o problema de alocação ótima de dispositi- vos SVC (Static Variable Compensator) e TCSC (Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator) no sistema de transmissão de energia elétrica. Desde o surgimento dos FACTS na década dos anos 70, estes dispositivos tornaram-se em uma importante ferramenta na solução dos proble- mas clássicos da transmissão. Os FACTS ajudam a aumentar a capacidade de controle de fluxo ao longo das linhas e, ao mesmo tempo, a aumentar a estabilidade do sistema. Assim, estes dispositivos podem ajudar a aumentar a transmissão máxima de potência entre as regiões do sistema e também ajudar na estabilidade dinâmica do sistema. Conhecer os benefícios que os FACTS fornecem ao sistema de transmissão é importante para otimizar esse aprimoramento. Várias características devem ser levadas em consideração para encontrar um local ideal para um FACTS no sistema de transmissão, tais como: o tipo do dispositivo, o tamanho do dispo- sitivo, a transmissão de potência do sistema e as violações dos limites de tensão e de potência reativa no sistema. Este trabalho aloca dois tipos de equipamentos FACTS, SVC e TCSC. No passado, diferentes abordagens têm sido desenvolvidas com o objetivo de alocar de forma otimizada FACTS em um sistema. Estas abordagens definem o local ótimo avaliando os bene- fícios, seja em regime permanente ou em estado transitório, que os FACTS proporcionam ao sistema. O objetivo e maior contribuição desta pesquisa é encontrar uma solução do problema de alocação ótima de SVCs e TCSCs que junte, avaliando em uma mesma função objetivo, tanto os benefícios no regime permanente, quanto os benefícios dinâmicos que o equipamento proporciona ao sistema em um determinado local. A função objetivo do modelo de otimização é calculada quando um dispositivo FACTS é instalado num local específico. Os critérios de oti- mização dependem do custo de...
Abstract: This research proposes a new approach for the problem of SVC and TCSC allocation in a trans- mission system. Since the rising of FACTS in the late 1970s, this type of devices had become a great tool in the search of solutions for the classic power transmission basic limitations. FACTS help to increase the controllability of flow over the lines and at the same time enhance the system stability. So, these devices can help in steady state augmenting the maximum power transfer among regions of the system and also, help in both the transient and dynamic stability of the system. Knowing the benefits that the FACTS provide to a transmission system, it is important to optimize this betterment. Several features must be taken into consideration to find an optimal location for FACTS in transmission systems such as device type, device size, total system power transfer and voltage and reactive power limit violations in the system. This work allocates two types of FACTS devices, the SVC (Static Variable Compensator) and TCSC (Thy- ristor Controlled Series Compensator). In the past, different approaches have been developed aiming to optimally allocate FACTS in a system. These approaches define their optimal loca- tion evaluating the benefits in steady state or the stability enhancement that the FACTS provide to the system. The objective and greatest contribution of this research is to find a solution for the problem of «optimal location of FACTS» that joins, evaluating in one objective function, both the steady state benefits and the dynamic benefits that the device provide to the system in a specific location. The objective function of the optimization model is calculated when a FACTS device is installed in a specific location. Its optimization criteria depend on the overall generation cost, total system losses, investment costs, maximum loading and system's transient stability. PSAT, a Matlab toolbox, is used to run the routines necessary to ...
Mestre
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Martin, Yves. "Injection de glaçons dans le tokamak TCA : étude du processus d'ablation /." Lausanne : CRPP, 1993. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=1045.
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Dhami, Neha. "Interference of central metabolism (TCA cycle) to influence CHO cell productivity." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/interference-of-central-metabolism-tca-cycle-to-influence-cho-cell-productivity(a0854462-66d2-498e-bf5e-2f651907572d).html.
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This PhD project explored the role of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes in regulating Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell metabolism with respect to growth and recombinant protein expression. It was hypothesised that regulation of central metabolism can influence CHO cell productivity in terms of biomass and protein production. Thus the aim of these studies was to identify the key metabolic reactions of the TCA cycle associated with growth and protein expression in CHO cells. The gene expression of all TCA cycle genes was independently knocked-down using RNAi technology. The small interfering RNA (siRNA) mediated silencing of 11 TCA cycle genes significantly reduced cellular growth along with a decline in adenylate energy charges and an increase in catabolic reduction charges. The gene profiling of glucose and amino acid metabolism (not targeted by siRNA) suggested siRNA mediated knock-down of targeted TCA cycle genes led to cellular stress along with an enhanced rate of glycolysis leading to channelling of glucose for the generation of pyruvate. For the purpose of estimating intracellular metabolites, quenching and extraction method using ammonium bicarbonate and methanol was optimised to use with UCB CHO-K1 cell line and static transient siRNA transfections. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis post-silencing of the aconitase gene, which catalyses the conversion of citrate to isocitrate in the TCA cycle, yielded higher MS peak intensities of at least four metabolites (gluconic acid, lysine, threonine and leucine) 72 h post-transfection in comparison to the controls. Transient knock-down of gene expression of seven TCA cycle genes in a recombinant stable cell line (expressing a rabbit monoclonal antibody) reduced cellular growth and altered the energy charges leading to a decline in antibody expression. Although silencing of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 gene, which is the component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle, did not affect cell viability, a reduction in antibody expression was recorded. Seven TCA cycle genes which demonstrated the most significant effect on cellular growth and energy charges were transiently over-expressed along with a monoclonal antibody in CHO-K1 cells with addition of their corresponding preceding intermediates. No differences in protein expression and cell specific productivity were observed compared to the control transfections. These results could be due to limitations of the effects of transient transfections for enhancing the metabolic activity of CHO cells. The aconitase gene demonstrated the most significant effect on CHO cell growth and proliferation in this study, therefore this gene was proposed as a novel selection marker for a metabolic selection system for the generation of recombinant therapeutics. This PhD project also established metabolite analysis tools and siRNA protocols for future metabolomic studies for investigating the intracellular CHO metabolism. The findings validated the hypothesis that TCA cycle plays an important role in CHO cell growth and recombinant protein production. The key metabolic genes affecting cellular growth and altering energy metabolism can be further explored for generation of an energy efficient CHO host-cell line (by over-expression of key TCA cycle genes) for enhanced recombinant protein production.
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Lima, Rosemilda Mendes. "POLÍTICAS CULTURAIS, DEMOCRATIZAÇÃO E ACESSO A CULTURA: O “DOMINGO NO TCA”." Instituto de Humanidades, Artes e Ciências Prof. Milton Santos, 2016. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/27351.
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A dissertação Políticas culturais, democratização e acesso a cultura: O Domingo no TCA tem como objeto de estudo o projeto Domingo no TCA, que visa uma maior democratização do acesso ao Teatro Castro Alves (TCA) e a sua programação. Criado em um contexto de mudanças nas políticas públicas federais e estaduais, o projeto é realizado há quase dez anos pelo TCA, maior teatro do estado, vinculado à Secretaria de Cultura (Secult) e à Fundação Cultural do Estado da Bahia (Funceb). O Domingo no TCA acontece na Sala Principal do TCA, que tem capacidade para 1.554 espectadores, com ingressos a preço simbólico de R$ 1,00 (inteira) e vem atraindo mensalmente, nas manhãs de domingo, um público numeroso e eclético, formado por adultos, crianças e idosos, oriundos dos mais diversos bairros de Salvador. De 2007 a 2015, foram realizadas 112 apresentações de 104 espetáculos de várias linguagens artísticas. A pesquisa para esta dissertação foi realizada utilizando-se dos registros do Sistema TCA, relatórios institucionais, pesquisas acadêmicas e entrevistas com os atores envolvidos, desde os principais gestores da Secult, aos artistas, produtores e público em geral. O objetivo foi analisar o projeto enquanto instrumento de políticas públicas de cultura e verificar a sua importância para cena e as políticas culturais baianas. A dissertação foi estruturada em três capítulos, de forma que, no primeiro momento, sejam abordados temas conceituais da área da cultura, passando depois ao estudo do Teatro Castro Alves em si e do projeto Domingo no TCA.
The dissertation Cultural policies, democratization and access to culture: Domingo no TCA has as object of study the Domingo no TCA (Sunday at TCA) project, which seeks to provide a greater democratization of access to the Castro Alves Theater (TCA) and its events. Created in a context of changes in federal and state public policies, the project is being carried out for almost ten years by the TCA, Bahia's largest theater, linked to the Secretariat of Culture (Secult) and the Bahia State Cultural Foundation (Funceb). The Domingo no TCA presentations take place at the theater's Main Hall, which can accommodate up to 1,554 spectators, with tickets costing a symbolic price of R$ 1.00 (full price). Monthly, on Sunday mornings, they have been attracting a large and eclectic audience consisting of adults, children and the elderly, from all kinds of neighborhoods of Salvador. From 2007 to 2015, there were 112 presentations of 104 different shows from several art forms. The research for this dissertation was carried out using the records of the TCA System, institutional reports, academic research and interviews with the people involved, from the main managers of Secult, to the artists, producers and the public in general. The objective was to analyze the project as an instrument of public policies of culture and to verify its importance for the cultural scene and policies of Bahia. The dissertation was structured in three chapters, such that in the first moment conceptual themes related to culture were approached, then going to the study of the Castro Alves Theater itself and the Domingo no TCA project.
La disertación Políticas culturales, democratización y acceso a la cultura: El Domingo en TCA tiene como objeto de estudio el proyecto Domingo no TCA (Domingo en TCA), que busca una mayor democratización del acceso al Teatro Castro Alves (TCA) y su programación. Creado en un contexto de cambios en las políticas públicas federales y estatales, el proyecto es realizado desde hace casi diez años por el TCA, el teatro más grande de Bahía, vinculado a la Secretaría de Cultura (Secult) y la Fundación Cultural del Estado de Bahía (Funceb). Las presentaciones del Domingo no TCA tienen lugar en la sala principal del teatro, que tiene capacidad para 1554 espectadores, con entradas a un precio simbólico de R$ 1,00 (precio entero), y vienen atrayendo mensualmente, en las mañanas de domingo, un público numeroso y ecléctico, formado por adultos, niños y ancianos, oriundos de los más diversos barrios de Salvador. De 2007 a 2015, se llevaron a cabo 112 presentaciones de 104 espectáculos de diversos lenguajes artísticos. La investigación para esta disertación se llevó a cabo utilizando los registros del Sistema TCA, informes institucionales, investigaciones académicas y entrevistas con las personas implicadas, desde los principales gestores de Secult, hasta los artistas, productores y el público en general. El objetivo fue analizar el proyecto como un instrumento de políticas públicas de cultura y verificar su importancia para la escena y las políticas culturales de Bahía. La disertación se estructuró en tres capítulos, de modo que en un primer momento sean abordados temas conceptuales de la cultura, pasando en seguida al estudio del propio Teatro Castro Alves y del proyecto Domingo no TCA.
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Lami, Falah Khairullah Abbood. "A new improved method to damp inter-area oscillations in power systems with SSR mitigation and zone protection compensation." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/27812.
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The objective of this work is to design a damping controller for a thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) to damp robustly inter-area oscillations in power systems with an immunity against sub-synchronous resonance (SSR) oscillations which may lead to torsional oscillations. The new control strategy has two main loops; an SSR mitigation loop and a bang-bang loop, the latter is designed with the aim of damping inter-area oscillations with a settling time 8-10 sec. The appropriate selection of the bang-bang series compensation component, ∆KC, is addressed by considering the Eigen analysis of the generators’ shafts and an impedance scan of the series compensated line for different compensation levels. The SSR mitigation loop is designed with the aim of providing a fine tune control signal to be added to the main value of the inserted series compensation (KC), to damp SSR oscillations and related torsional mode of oscillations. To address this issue, a new observer-based multiple model adaptive control algorithm is designed to control a multi-stage TCSC. The SSR modelling challenges associated with the load dynamics and with the insertion of the series compensation into the transmission system are overcome by a fine tuning control loop, which adjusts the resultant series compensation (KC). Considering the integration and coordination of oscillation damping and distance protection in the transmission system, a new adaptive technique must be designed to control the distance relay (DR) to prevent its mal operation (during the damping process). The new strategy is illustrated through an 11-bus 4-machine 2-area benchmark power system. The performance and advantages of the new algorithm are validated using time domain simulation via PSCAD software.
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Shea, Eric Joseph. "Air Surveillance for Smart Landing Facilities in the Small Aircraft Transportation System." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31838.
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The Small Aircraft Transportation System (SATS) is a partnership among various organizations including NASA, the FAA, US aviation industry, state and local aviation officials, and universities. The program objectives are intend to reduce travel times by providing high-speed, safe travel alternatives by making use of small aircraft and underused small airports throughout the nation. A major component of the SATS program is the Smart Landing Facility (SLF). The SLF is a small airport that has been upgraded to handle SATS traffic. One of the services needed at SLFs is air surveillance of the airspace surrounding it.
This thesis researches the different surveillance techniques available for use at the SLFs. The main focuses of this paper are an evaluation of the Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) when used as a ground sensor at SLFs and the design of a Position and Identification Reporting Beacon (PIRB). The use of the TCAS ground sensor is modeled in Matlab and the results of that model are discussed. The PIRB is a new system that can be used in conjunction with the Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) system or independently to provide position information for all aircraft using GPS based positioning.Master of Science
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Pereira, Jacqueline Santos. "Análise de sistema elétrico de potência com alocação de TCSC utilizando fluxo de potência ótimo." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2017.
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Orientador: Prof. Dr. Edmarcio Antonio BelatiDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, 2017.
Neste trabalho analisou-se o desempenho de um Sistema Elétrico de Potência, quando alocados TCSC (do inglês, Thyristor Controlled Serie Compensator), e determinaram-se seus parâmetros ótimos de controle buscando maximizar a capacidade de transmissão total do sistema e melhorar o seu perfil de tensão, operando com suas variáveis dentro de limites pré-estabelecidos. Para tanto, foram modeladas variações do problema de Fluxo de Potência Ótimo Reativo (FPOR) e executadas em duas fases, identificadas como fase de alocação e fase de análise. Na fase de alocação foram realizadas simulações para analisar a alocação de diferentes quantidades de TCSC no sistema, com o objetivo de maximizar a capacidade de transmissão total e, por conseguinte, com base em um carregamento previsto na rede, foi determinada a quantidade mínima de dispositivos necessários para atender tal demanda. Em seguida, com o número de TCSC definido, os mesmos foram realocados com o objetivo de minimizar o desvio de tensão. Na fase de análise, os TCSC alocados na fase anterior foram mantidos com objetivo de otimizar o perfil de tensão, simulando variações nas cargas do sistema. Na fase de alocação, foi utilizada uma modelagem de Programação Não Linear Inteira Mista (PNLIM). Na fase de análise, o perfil de tensão foi otimizado por meio de uma modelagem de Programação Não Linear (PNL). Os resultados obtidos para os sistemas testes IEEE-14 e -118 barras demonstram os benefícios da utilização de TCSC na rede, pois possibilitou o aumento da carga total do sistema, e proporcionou uma melhora no perfil de tensão por meio do seu ajuste ótimo.
This work analyzed the electric power system performance when allocated TCSC (Thysristor Controlled Series Compensator) and determined their optimal control parameters in order to maximize the total transmission capability of the system and improve the voltage profile, operating within their pre-stablished limits. For this purpose, variations of Reactive Optimal Power Flow (FPOR) problems were modeled and executed in two phases, identified as phase of allocation and phase of analysis: In the allocation phase, simulations were performed to analyze the allocation of different amounts of TCSC in the system in order to maximize the total transmission capacity and, therefore, based on a predicted loading in the network, the minimum amount of devices was determined to attain such demand. Then, as the number of TCSC was defined, they were reallocated with the objective of minimizing the voltage deviation. In the analysis phase, the TCSC were maintained by considering the objective of optimizing the voltage profile and simulating loads variations of the system. In the allocation phase, a Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP) model was used. In the analysis phase, the voltage profile was optimized through a Nonlinear Programming (NLP) modeling. The results for the IEEE-14 and -118 test systems demonstrated the benefits of using the TCSC in the network because it allowed the increase of the total load of the system and provided an improvement in the voltage profile through its optimum adjustment.
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Bengtsson, Viktor, and Robert Ljungberg. "Beslutsmodell för outsourcing." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Industriell organisation och produktion, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-24736.
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Syfte – Examensarbetets syfte är att skapa förståelse kring ett outsourcingbeslut genom att utveckla en beslutsmodell för outsourcing. För att uppnå syftet ska följande frågeställningar besvaras: Vilka faktorer bör påverka ett outsourcingbeslut? Vilka kostnader bör analyseras för att ett outsourcingbeslut ska bli väl avvägt? Vilka komponenter bör ingå i en beslutsmodell för outsourcing? Metod – Examensarbetet bygger på en analytisk konceptuell studie med ett deduktiv och induktiv förhållningssätt, där påverkansfaktorer togs fram genom litteraturstudier. Jämförelser och analyser av redan befintliga teorier gjordes för att identifiera påverkansfaktorer, utifrån dessa faktorer skapades en beslutsmodell för outsourcing. Resultat – Resultatet från studien visar att det finns ett flertal olika faktorer som påverkar ett outsourcingbeslut och kan sammanfattningsvis placeras som påverkansfaktorer, strategiska- och konkurrensfaktorer samt kostnadsfaktorer. Den utvecklade beslutsmodellen för outsourcing består av sju steg där varje steg innefattar olika analyser och beslut, de sju stegen baseras på de faktorer som bör påverkas vid outsourcing. Förslag till fortsatta studier – För att utveckla beslutsmodellen skulle fler teorier och faktorer som möjligen kan beröras i samband med outsourcing adderas. En ytterligare studie skulle kunna vara att utveckla ett verktyg där organisationen kan gradera hur organisationen förhåller sig till de faktorer som påverkas vid ett outsourcingbeslut och därmed utöka beslutsunderlaget. Praktiska konsekvenser – För att underlätta för beslutsfattaren och få en helhetsbild över faktorer och kostnader som påverkas vid outsourcing kan beslutsmodellen användas. Originalitet – Det finns enligt författarnas vetskap ingen fullständig beslutsmodell som belyser alla faktorer som kan påverkas vid ett outsourcingbeslut.Purpose – The purpose of the thesis is to create understanding of the outsourcing decision making by developing a decision model for outsourcing. To achieve this, the following questions are answered: What factors should influence the outsourcing decision? What costs should be analyzed so that an outsourcing decision should be balanced? What components should be included in a decision model for outsourcing? Method – The thesis is based on an analytical conceptual study with a deductive and inductive approach, where the influencing factors was generated through literature reviews. Comparison and analysis of existing theories were made to identify the influencing factors, based on the generated influencing factors a decision model for outsourcing was created. Findings – Results from the study shows that there are several factors that influence the outsourcing decision and can in summary be positioned as strategic and competitive factors and cost factors. The developed decision model for outsourcing consists of seven steps, where each step includes various analyzes and decisions, the seven steps are based on the factors that should be affected by outsourcing. Research limitations/implications – The results in this thesis are based only on theory. The model can still be generalized by being adaptable for different Organization. Practical implications – Decision model can be used to aid and support in an outsourcing decision. To facilitate the decision-maker and get an overview of the factors and costs that are affected by the outsourcing decision model can be used. With the decision model, the organization can analyze factors and costs to obtain a comprehensive decision-making. Originality – Since many organizations are making outsourcing decision wrongly without taking into account all the factors affected by the outsourcing decision. There is, in the authors' knowledge no complete decision model that highlights all the factors that may be affected by an outsourcing decision.
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Meek, David J. J. "Molecular and genetic characterization of putative TCA cycle operons on Sinorhizobium meliloti." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33808.
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Genetic mapping of pDS15 revealed that this cosmid clone carries the Sinorhizobium meliloti TCA cycle genes mdh, sucCDAB, sdhAB and part of lpdA. Three genes (mdh, sucC , and sucA) were completely sequenced and submitted to GenBank. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the TCA cycle genes encoded on pDS15 were aligned and found to be highly homologous with other closely related rhizobial species. S. meliloti cells grown in LBmc express the mdh-sucCDAB operon as one transcript, based on RT-PCR results. Alternative sigma factor sigma54 was not found to have a role in mdh-sucCDAB expression. Despite considerable effort, we have not been able to isolate sucA mutants via random transposon Tn5tac1 mutagenesis to date. Homologous recombination between a plasmid-borne sucA::Tn5 and wild-type S. meliloti sucA failed to generate a bona fide mutant, as revealed by Southern blot analysis. Plasmid pDS15 was mutagenized with transposons Tn5, Tn5tac1, and Tn5-B20. Three Tn5-B20 insertions were mapped to mdh, sucD, and sucA respectively, and preliminary gene expression studies were done.
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Meek, David John. "The biochemical and genetic characterization of the TCA cycle in «Sinorhizobium meliloti»." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121142.
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In the symbiotic association between S. meliloti and its plant host, the nutrient exchange from plant to bacteroid is in the form of C4-dicarboxylic acids such as malate. These compounds directly enter the TCA cycle and the derived energy is used for the nitrogen-fixation process. Malate dehydrogenase (mdh), the two subunits of succinyl-CoA synthetase (sucCD), and two of the three subunits of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (sucAB) are encoded as an operon with the order mdh-sucCDAB. The expression of this operon is controlled by a single promoter found directly upstream of mdh. The transcrptional start site was mapped (a guanine residue at postion -63) and RT-PCR demonstrated that expression is as one polycistronic message in cells grown in LBmc. Transcriptional lacZ-gene fusions to mdh, sucD and sucA demonstrated that the mdh promoter is under catabolite control as evidenced by the change in ß-galactosidase expression depending on the carbon-source. Expression was highest with acetate followed closely by arabinose and glutamate but lowest with pyruvate as sole carbon-source. MDH was purified, N-terminal sequenced and kinetic assays were performed to determine Km, Vmax. A pH 10 was found to be the optimal for MDH. 2-oxoglutarate exhibited competitive inhibition on MDH. The annotated genome of S. meliloti contains two alleles (sucB), one chromosomal and one on megaplasmid pSymB, which putatively encode the E2 subunit of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase. Only the chromosomally-borne allele was found to be a functional sucB. Lastly, results of a study of the E3 subunits of pyruvate dehydrogenase, 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase and branched-chained keto-acid dehydrogenase were presented.Dans la relation symbiotique entre S. meliloti et la plante M. sativa, l'apport en nutriments de la plante vers les bacteroids se fait sous la forme d'acides C4-dicarboxiliques tel que le malate. Ces composés entrent directement dans le cycle de Krebs et l'énergie produite est utilisée pour la fixation d'azote. Malate déhydrogénase (mdh), les deux composantes de succinyl-CoA synthèse (sucCD), et deux des trois composantes de 2-oxoglutarate déhydrogénase (sucAB), sont inscrites en un opéron dans l'ordre qui suit ; mdh-sucCDAB. L'expression de cet opéron est contrôlée par un seul promoteur situé directement en amont de mdh. Le site de début de transcription a été identifié et RT-PCR a démontré la nature polycistronique de l'expression dans les cellules provenant de bactéries cultivées avec LBmc. Fusions transcriptionelles aux gene-lacZ de mdh, sucD et sucA ont été utilisées pour déterminer les niveaux relatifs d'expression dans des cultures provenant de médiums minimaux contenant des sources de carbone spécifiques. MDH a été purifié, le N-terminal séquencé, et des dosages cinétiques ont été performés pour déterminer Km, Vmax, le pH optimal, et l'effet des inhibiteurs allostériques. Le génome annoté de S. meliloti contient deux allèles qui encodent supposément les composantes E2 (sucB) de 2-oxoglutarate déhydrogénase. Un seul des allèles a démontré être une version fonctionnelle de sucB. Finalement, les résultats d'une étude sur les composantes E3 de pyruvate déhydrogénase, sur 2-oxoglutarate déhydrogénase et sur déhydrogénase de kéto-acide de chaines ramifiées seront présentés.
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Manolukas, John T. "The TCA cycle and metabolism at the pyruvate-oxaloacetate locus in Mollicutes /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487332636475243.
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Gonçalves, Linda Maria Nobre. "Avaliação de processos de redução/eliminação de TCA em amostras de cortiça." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18381.
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O principal objectivo deste trabalho consistiu na avaliação de processos de redução/eliminação de TCA em amostras de cortiça, nomeadamente rolhas e discos. Os processos de redução/eliminação de TCA em amostras de cortiça foram avaliados com recurso a sistemas de extracção simples e exaustiva sólido-líquido (Soxhlet), em diferentes condições experimentais (sistema extractor de H20/EtOH (88:12 e 80:20)), com e sem substituição de solvente, presença e ausência de adsorvente. O aumento da percentagem de etanol no sistema extractor revelou-se de extrema importância, pois além de permitir a extracção eficaz de TCA das amostras, pressupõe que após o tratamento as rolhas e os discos não libertem TCA quando colocados em contacto com soluções de menores concentrações alcoólicas (e.g. vinhos, espumantes). O carvão activado revelou uma enorme capacidade adsorvente para o TCA o que potencia futuras aplicações deste adsorvente associado a sistemas extractivos; ABSTRACT: The main objective of this study was to evaluate processes of reduction/elimination of TCA in cork samples, including stoppers and discs. The processes of reduction I elimination of TCA in cork samples were evaluated using a solid-liquid simple and exhaustive extraction (Soxhlet) systems under different experimental conditions (extractant system H20 I EtOH (88:12 to 80:20), with and without replacing the solvent, presence or absence of adsorbents). The increase in the percentage of ethanol in the extractor system proved to be extremely important, because besides allowing efficient extraction of TCA, it assumes that cork stoppers and discs samples after treatment, do not release TCA when placed in contact with solutions of lower alcoholic concentrations (e.g. wine, sparkling wine). The activated carbon adsorbent showed an enormous capacity for TCA trapping which potentiates future applications of this adsorbent in extractive systems.
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Doebel-Hickok, Monte. "Characterizing the secretion and function of TcfA : a unique autotransporter and virulence factor in Bordetella pertussis." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/64235.
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Autotransporters (ATs) are an important family of proteins that are essential for the virulence of a variety of Gram-negative bacteria. The vast majority of ATs possess a classical right handed β-helical structure which facilitates the vectorial secretion of the protein. However, not all ATs possess this classical structure. Tracheal colonization factor (TcfA) of B. pertussis is one of only a few ATs that are predicted to be relatively unstructured or to possess a coil structure. It is not known what factors are important for the secretion of non- β-helical ATs. This study sought to characterize the secretion of TcfA which could also reveal more broadly applicable requirements for the secretion of ATs and other surface exposed proteins. This thesis characterized the secretion of TcfA both in E. coli as well as in B. pertussis. The study determined that TcfA has special secretion requirements that are not met when the protein is expressed in E. coli. The unique B. pertussis chaperone Par27 was identified as an important factor for secretion via both its disruption in B. pertussis as well as via its insertion in E. coli. However, it was also determined that there are additional factors that E. coli is lacking that are important for the secretion of TcfA. The study also sought to characterize potential virulence functions of TcfA. It is known that TcfA contributes to the pathogenesis of B. pertussis, but its specific role remains to be elucidated. This study used modeling to provide support for the theory that TcfA binds Factor H in B. pertussis. However, a factor H surface binding assay determined that TcfA is not the only factor that binds the complement regulatory protein Factor H in B. pertussis. Another uniquely structured AT, BapB, was hypothesized as the potential additional factor that binds Factor H. However, additional studies are required to determine the importance of BapB. Furthermore, the study determined that TcfA does not play a large role in the serum survival of B. pertussis. In summary, this thesis characterized the secretion and some potential virulence functions of TcfA, but it also raised many additional questions.Science, Faculty of
Microbiology and Immunology, Department of
Graduate
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Cheong, Wai Jing. "Accurate fault location in TCSC high voltage transmission lines using combined wavelet transform and artificial neural network." Thesis, University of Bath, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425674.
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Silva, Luciano de Souza da Costa e. [UNESP]. "Modelagem dinâmica e controle do compensador série TCSC para utilização em sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150420.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
A tese de doutorado tem como objetivo específico a proposição de um sistema de controle digital aplicado ao compensador série TCSC (Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator), cujo efeito é proporcionar regulação de tensão para cargas dinâmicas presentes no sistema de distribuição de energia elétrica, como no caso de partida de motores elétricos. Os estudos teóricos contemplam a análise detalhada do estágio de potência do TCSC operando em regime permanente. Gráficos generalizados indicam o comportamento harmônico, as possibilidades de ressonância paralela, a característica de reatância fundamental e os esforços de tensão e corrente nos elementos do TCSC ideal, base para a especificação dos componentes do estágio de potência do compensador série. Os resultados para operação em regime permanente do protótipo indicam, nas condições de plena carga, nível máximo de compensação capacitiva de 125% e aumento na regulação de tensão na carga de 7,3% quando comparado às condições da linha sem compensação. A operação em malha fechada do compensador série realizada por controladores digitais do tipo proporcional-integral com saturação anti-windup e realimentações via Integradores Generalizados de Segunda Ordem Multirressonante (IGSOM), garantem robustez, boa dinâmica na resposta transitória e erro nulo em regime permanente para a regulação da reatância fundamental do TCSC. Os ensaios experimentais com partidas diretas de motores demonstram o efeito positivo do compensador série na regulação dinâmica e melhora dos níveis de afundamento momentâneo da tensão na carga.
The specific objective this doctoral thesis consist in the proposition of a digital control system applied to the Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC), wich the intended is to provide voltage regulation for dynamics loads present in the electric power distribution system, as in the case of the starting of induction motors. Theoretical studies contemplate the detailed analysis of the TCSC power stage operating under steady-state conditions. Generalized graphs indicate the harmonic behavior, the parallel resonance possibilities, the fundamental reactance characteristic and the stress across the voltage and current in the elements of the ideal TCSC, which are the bases for the design the components of the series compensator power stage. The results for steady-state operation of the prototype indicate under full load conditions a maximum leve of capacitive compensation of 125% and a increase in the load voltage regulation of 7.3% if compared to conditions of the line without compensation. The closed-loop operation of the series compensator, based on proportional-integral digital controllers with anti-windup saturation and feedback by Multiresonant Second-Order Generalized Integrators (MSOGI), presents robustness, good transient response dynamics and null error in steady-state to the regulation of the TCSC fundamental reactance. The experimental tests with motor direct starting demonstrate the positive effect of the series compensator in the dynamic regulation and improvement of the levels of load voltage sags.
FAPESP: 2015/15872-9
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Silva, Luciano de Souza da Costa e. "Modelagem dinâmica e controle do compensador série TCSC para utilização em sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica /." Ilha Solteira, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150420.
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Orientador: Falcondes José Mendes de SeixasResumo: A tese de doutorado tem como objetivo específico a proposição de um sistema de controle digital aplicado ao compensador série TCSC (Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator), cujo efeito é proporcionar regulação de tensão para cargas dinâmicas presentes no sistema de distribuição de energia elétrica, como no caso de partida de motores elétricos. Os estudos teóricos contemplam a análise detalhada do estágio de potência do TCSC operando em regime permanente. Gráficos generalizados indicam o comportamento harmônico, as possibilidades de ressonância paralela, a característica de reatância fundamental e os esforços de tensão e corrente nos elementos do TCSC ideal, base para a especificação dos componentes do estágio de potência do compensador série. Os resultados para operação em regime permanente do protótipo indicam, nas condições de plena carga, nível máximo de compensação capacitiva de 125% e aumento na regulação de tensão na carga de 7,3% quando comparado às condições da linha sem compensação. A operação em malha fechada do compensador série realizada por controladores digitais do tipo proporcional-integral com saturação anti-windup e realimentações via Integradores Generalizados de Segunda Ordem Multirressonante (IGSOM), garantem robustez, boa dinâmica na resposta transitória e erro nulo em regime permanente para a regulação da reatância fundamental do TCSC. Os ensaios experimentais com partidas diretas de motores demonstram o efeito positivo do compensador série na regulação... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Doutor
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He, Yueying. "Stratégie de commande unifiée du TCSC ("Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor") pour améliorer la stabilité des réseaux électriques /." Thèse, Trois-Rivières, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2001. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/03-2228962R.html.
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He, Yueying. "Stratégie de commande unifiée du TCSC ("Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor") pour améliorer la stabilité des réseaux électriques." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2001. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/6652/1/000681033.pdf.
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Miotto, Ednei Luiz. "Análise da estabilidade dinâmica de sistemas elétricos de potência multimáquinas com dispositivos FACTS TCSC e controladores robustos." Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Tecnologia e Urbanismo. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, 2010. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000160948.
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Este trabalho apresenta estudos referentes à estabilidade dinâmicade um sistema elétrico de potência multimáquinas. Com o objetivo de forneceramortecimento as oscilações eletromecânicas de baixa frequência é utilizadoinicialmente o dispositivo FACTS (Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System)TCSC (Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor) através de um modelo decompensação fixa e na sequência com um controlador de primeira ordem. Novosresultados são obtidos pela introdução de um controlador ESP (Estabilizadores deSistemas de Potência) ao sistema em estudo. Este tem seus parâmetros projetadoscom base na teoria de controle clássico através do método de compensação de fasee nos fatores de participação para determinação da melhor alocação do mesmo nosistema. Por último este trabalho utiliza uma metodologia previamente desenvolvida,para o projeto simultâneo e coordenado de controladores ESP e POD (PowerOscillation Damping). Esta metodologia é fundamentada na teoria de controlerobusto e estruturada na forma de LMIs (Linear Matrix Inequalities). A modelagempolitópica é utilizada para tratar a robustez dos controladores frente às variações noponto de operação do sistema. Um fator de amortecimento mínimo aos modososcilatórios do sistema em malha fechada é utilizado como índice de desempenho.Tais controladores possuem uma estrutura de realimentação dinâmica de saída eutilizam sinais medidos localmente como entrada controle. As simulações e asanálises realizadas em um sistema teste mostram os resultados das diferentesações de controle abordadas neste trabalho.This work presents studies on the dynamic stability of a multimachinepower system. Aiming to provide the damping low frequency oscillations is initiallyused the device FACTS (Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System) TCSC(Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor) through a fixed compensation model and onsequence with a first order controller. New results are obtained by the introduction ofa controller PSS (Power System Stabilizer) in the study system. These has itsdesigned parameters based on classical control theory through the method of phasecompensation and in participation factors to determine the best allocation of thesame system. Finally this paper uses a methodology previously developed for thesimultaneous and coordinated design of controllers PSS and POD (Power OscillationDamping). This methodology is based on the theory of robust control, structured inthe form of LMIs (Linear Matrix Inequalities). The polytopic modeling is used to treatthe robustness of the controllers to variations in operating point of the system. Aminimum damping factor of the modes of response of the closed loop system is usedas a performance index. Such controllers have a structure dynamic output feedbackand use locally measured signals as input control. The simulations and the analysisperformed on a test system show the results of different control measures addressedin this work.
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Al, Maleh Rawan. "Genetic analysis of the TCA cycle enzyme 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase in Sinorhizobium meliloti." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106341.
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Genetic characterization of the mdh-sucCDAB operon, encoding enzymes of the TCA cycle, was performed. Isolation of a sucA knock-out mutant was attempted through homologous recombination with plasmids carrying a mutated fragment of the sucA gene. Several strains were screened for the expected phenotype of a 2-OGD mutant. Carbon-source utilization phenotype of the tested strains did not reveal highly dissimilar growth patterns in comparison to wild-type levels. PCR amplification of these strains did not yield the expected band size of a mutant copy of the gene. Furthermore, Southern blot analysis of the putative mutants was inconclusive in confirming their identity. Therefore, a sucA mutant was not successfully isolated. Expression of TCA cycle genes was examined under different growth conditions through qRT-PCR analysis. The sucA gene did not reveal any increase in transcript levels relative to sucD, under all tested conditions. This indicated the possible absence of a promoter independently controlling its expression. Other TCA cycle genes were differentially expressed in mdh and sucB mutants in comparison to wild type. Expression patterns did not appear to vary greatly across the tested carbon sources. Comparison of expression of TCA cycle genes in mutants, relative to wild type, revealed significant induction of sucB with arabinose in its respective knock-out mutant. Examination of transcript levels in bacteroids would elucidate the gene expression patterns observed in symbiotic conditions. In addition, further investigation of the nature of a sucA mutation will be required, to determine the possibility of a lethal phenotype.La caractérisation génétique de l'opéron mdh-sucCDAB qui encode des enzymes du cycle des acides tricarboxylique, a été effectuée. Isolement d'un mutant de sucA a été tentée par recombinaison homologue avec des plasmides portant une insertion dans le gène. Plusieurs souches ont été criblées pour le phénotype attendu d'un mutant de la déshydrogénase de 2-oxoglutarate. Le phénotype d'utilisation de carbone des souches testées n'ont pas révélé de modèles de croissance très dissemblables par rapport au phénotype sauvage. L'amplification par PCR de ces souches n'a pas donné la taille de la bande attendue d'une copie mutant du gène. L'analyse par Southern blot des mutants putatifs n'a pas été concluante pour confirmer leur identité. Par conséquent, l'isolement d'un mutant de sucA a échoué. L'expression des gènes du cycle des acides tricarboxylique a été examinée avec des conditions différentes grâce à qRT-PCR. L'inspection d'expression génétique de sucA n'a pas révélé une augmentation par rapport à la transcription de sucD. Cela indique une possibilité de l'absence d'un promoteur indépendant contrôlant son expression. D'autres gènes du cycle des acides tricarboxyliques sont exprimés différentiellement par les mutants de mdh et de sucB, en comparaison au type sauvage. Les profils d'expression ne semblent pas varier considérablement selon les sources de carbone testées. Comparaison de l'expression de ses gènes a révélé induction significative de sucB avec l'arabinose dans se mutant respectif. L'observation de transcription dans les bactéroïdes serait élucider l'expression dans des conditions symbiotique. Une enquête plus approfondie d'une mutation de sucA sera nécessaire, afin de déterminer la possibilité d'un phénotype résultant mortelle.
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Klärner, Viola [Verfasser]. "Das Chemosensitivitätsverhalten primärer Ovarialkarzinome im ATP-TCA von 1996 bis 2006 / Viola Klärner." Köln : Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Medizin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1029197598/34.
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Furini, Marcos Amorielle [UNESP]. "Estudo da estabilidade a pequenas perturbações de sistemas elétricos de potência multimáquinas sob a ação dos controladores FACTS TCSC e UPFC." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87215.
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O objetivo desta Dissertação de Mestrado é apresentar a possibilidade de fornecer amortecimento às oscilações de baixa freqüência do sistema elétrico de potência através dos dispositivos FACTS (Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System) TCSC (Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor) e UPFC (Unified Power Flow Controller). Para isso realiza-se o desenvolvimento e implementação do Modelo de Sensibilidade de Potência para sistemas multmáquinas. Na seqüência são introduzidos os dispositivos TCSC e UPFC, bem como os seus controladores. Apresentam-se resultados de acordo com a evolução dos modelos que representam os dispositivos FACTS, ou seja, parte-se de uma compensação fixa, passando para um modelo dinâmico de primeira ordem e por fim, é incluído o controlador POD (Power Oscillation Damping). A utilização de sinais locais e remotos para entrada do controlador POD também é analisada. Além disso são mostrados os resultados obtidos pela técnica clássica de introdução de amortecimento através de sinais suplementares (os estabilizadores de sistemas de potência – PSS: Power System Stabilizers). O projeto dos controladores POD e PSS é baseado no método da compensação de fase, utilizando a teoria de controle clássico. Fatores de participação, autovetores, autovalores e resíduos de funções de transferência são utilizados como índices para examinar a melhor alocação dos controladores POD e PSS no sistema elétrico de potência.
The objective of this work is to present the possibility to provide damping to low frequencies oscillations of the electrical power systems by FACTS devices (Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System): TCSC (Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor) and UPFC (Unified Power Flow Controller). This is developed and implemented using the Power Sensitivity Model for multimachine systems. Afterwards, the TCSC and UPFC devices are introduced as well as the controllers. Results are presented according to the evolution of the models that represent the FACTS devices, i.e., it starts with a fixed compensation, passing through a first order dynamic model and finally, it is included a POD controller (Power Oscillation Damping). It is also analyzed the inclusion of local and remote signals for the input of the POD controller. Besides, results obtained by classical techniques of introducing damping by supplementary signals (Power Systems Stabilizer – PSS) are shown. The project of POD and PSS controllers are based on the Phase Compensation Method using the classical control theory. Participation Factor like eigenvalues, eigenvectors and transfer function residues are used as index to examine the best allocation of the POD and PSS controllers on the electrical power systems.
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Mohanty, Vakul. "The Role of Non-oncogenic Variants in Cancers: Onco-passengers and Germline Polymorphisms." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1535703150616707.
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Du, Xiaochen. "PMU applications in system integrity protection scheme." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/pmu-applications-in-system-integrity-protection-scheme(82592e7a-c56d-47f0-8b64-c9a7b9d15ea9).html.
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This thesis has proposed two types of real time System Integrity Protection Schemes(SIPS) using Emergency Single Machine Equivalent (E-SIME) and Model PredictiveControl (MPC) approaches respectively. They are aiming to resolve the transientstability problems in power systems. Synchronous measurements, fast communicationnetwork and FACTS are deployed in the two SIPSs. The Thyristor Controlled SeriesCompensation (TCSC) is applied as the control action in both SIPSs.In the E-SIME based SIPS, the SIME approach is used to evaluate the transient stabilityof the system and then a decision is made about the control actions needed to stabilizethe system. During emergency conditions, a fast response time is very important andthis requires a security guideline to be used in the decision making process. Theguideline is developed by analyzing offline multiple fault scenarios using an automaticlearning approach. This ensures appropriate control actions can be performed withoutcompromising the response time required on a real system.The MPC based SIPS optimizes the control action at every discrete time instant byselecting the control action that leads to the minimized cost function value. Automaticlearning (AL) is utilized to predict power system dynamics by assuming each controlaction has been taken. Furthermore, a feature selection technique, that chooses themost relevant variables, is used to improve the performance of the AL prediction. Themodel predictive control (MPC) technique is performed every discrete time interval, sothe optimal control action is always selected.Two types of SIPS are tested and verified in the benchmark systems. Simulation resultsshow they can effectively protect the system from loss of synchronism in the aftermathof a large disturbance. This thesis also compares the two SIPSs and concludes thebenefits and shortcomings of each approach.
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Pavlik, Aaron, Phillip Schneider, and Cheryl Cropp. "Proposing Molecularly Targeted Therapies Using an Annotated Drug Database Querying Algorithm in Cutaneous Melanoma." The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614155.
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Class of 2015 AbstractObjectives: The aim of this study was to develop a computational process capable of hypothesizing potential chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of skin cutaneous melanoma given an annotated chemotherapy molecular target database and patient-specific genetic tumor profiles. Methods: Aberrational profiles for a total of 246 melanoma patients indexed by the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) for whom complete somatic mutational, mRNA expression, and protein expression data was available were queried against an annotated targeted therapy database using Visual Basic for Applications and Python in conjunction with Microsoft Excel. Identities of positively and negatively associated therapy-profile matches were collected and ranked. Results: Subjects included in the analysis were predominantly Caucasian (93%), non-Hispanic (95.9%), female (59%), and characterized as having stage III clinical disease (37.4%). The most frequently occurring positive and negative therapy associations were determined to be 17-AAG (tanespimycin; 42.3%) and sorafenib (41.9%), respectively. Mean total therapy hypotheses per patient did not differ significantly with regard to either positive or negative associations (p=0.1951 and 0.4739 by one-way ANOVA, respectively) when stratified by clinical melanoma stage. Conclusions: The developed process does not appear to offer discernably different therapy hypotheses amongst clinical stages of cutaneous melanoma based upon genetic data alone. The therapy-matching algorithm may be useful in quickly retrieving potential therapy hypotheses based upon the genetic characteristics of one or many subjects specified by the user.
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Poulin, Lionel. "Rôles de l'IL-9 dans les mécanismes de rejet d'allogreffe dirigés par les lymphocytes TCDA+ de type Th2." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211038.
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Le rejet d’allogreffe dépend de la reconnaissance d’antigènes d’histocompatibilité étrangers par le système immunitaire du receveur. En l'absence de thérapies immunosuppressives, la réaction inflammatoire éventuelle conduit à la destruction rapide du tissu transplanté. Le rôle critique joué par les lymphocytes T CD4+ dans le rejet aigu d'allogreffe est bien établi. Cependant, les contributions respectives des lymphocytes CD4+ Th1 et Th2 dans la réaction de rejet sont controversées. Alors que le rôle des cellules Th1 dans la pathogénèse du rejet est bien établi, l'hypothèse que les cellules Th2 favorisent l'acceptation de la greffe est invalide puisque ces cellules sont capables de déclencher des voies alternatives de rejet. En effet, la fonction effectrice des lymphocytes Th2 a été démontrée dans beaucoup de modèles de rejet de greffe ou de tumeur, et dans la maladie du greffon contre l'hôte. Les caractéristiques principales du rejet de type Th2 sont sa dépendance envers la production d'IL-4 et d'IL-5, le recrutement d'éosinophiles au site du rejet, et son inhibition par les lymphocytes T CD8+ alloréactifs. Les éosinophiles activés exercent leur activité cytotoxique par la libération de plusieurs molécules cytotoxiques comme l’EDN, l’ECP, la MBP et l’EPO. Ces molécules sont probablement responsables de la capacité des éosinophies à affecter la perméabilité vasculaire et à induire des dégâts tissulaires dans les organes rejetés.L'interleukine 9 (IL-9) est une cytokine produite par les lymphocytes T qui joue un rôle important dans les voies effectrices Th2. Dans la littérature, l’IL-9 est fortement associée au développement de l’éosinophilie tissulaire. Dans notre première étude, nous avons analysé le rôle joué par l'IL-9 dans le rejet d'allogreffe bm12 par des souris B6 (pour C57BL/6), un modèle dans le lequel une simple disparité au niveau de la molécule du CMH de classe II favorise une réaction inflammatoire de type Th2. Dans ce modèle, de faible alloantigénicité, les greffes cardiaques bm12 survivent presque indéfiniment dans les receveurs B6 (>60 jours). Nos expériences ont été conçues afin de savoir si l’expression de l’IL-9 au niveau de la greffe pouvait modifier la survie de greffes cardiaques exprimant les alloantigènes bm12. Nous avons ainsi montré que la production locale d’IL-9 induit le rejet des allogreffes cardiaques exprimant l’alloantigène I-Abm12 (survie <30jours). Aucun des organes transgéniques pour l’IL-9 n’a survécu plus de 30 jours alors que des greffes non transgéniques ne furent pas rejetées (>50 jours). L’analyse histologique des allogreffes cardiaques transgéniques pour l’IL-9 montre une infiltration cellulaire dense du myocarde. La composante principale de cet infiltrat est la présence de nombreux éosinophiles.
Pour étudier la contribution des cytokines de type Th2, comme l’IL-4 et l’IL-5, dans le rejet des cœurs transgéniques pour l’IL-9, nous avons sélectivement bloqué ces cytokines lors du processus de rejet. Le traitement avec des anticorps neutralisant l’IL-4 bloque complètement le rejet induit par l’IL-9 et permet la survie à long terme des allogreffes cardiaques. Au point de vue de l’histologie ces greffes ne montrent ni infiltration leucocytaire ni artériopathie. Afin de déterminer si l’infiltration éosinophilique induite par l’IL-9 provient de l’activité directe de l’IL-9 ou est le résultat de la sécrétion d’IL-5, un traitement avec un anticorps anti-IL-5 a été appliqué aux receveurs d'allogreffe cardiaque. Ce traitement augmente la survie de la majorité des allogreffes et modifie de manière marquée la composition de l’infiltrat cellulaire en prévenant le recrutement des éosinophiles. De manière intéressante, les cœurs transgéniques pour l’IL-9 qui survivent indéfiniment après le traitement anti-IL-5 arborent une importante fibrose.
A la différence du cœur bm12, la peau bm12 greffée sur un receveur B6 subit un rejet rapide et l'histologie des greffes rejetées révèle la présence d'infiltrats denses à éosinophiles. Notre laboratoire a montré que ce processus de rejet est dirigé par les lymphocytes T CD4+ alloréactifs et que les souris B6 déficientes pour l'IL-5 et la voie de cytotoxicité Fas/Fas-L sont incapables de rejeter des peaux bm12. Nos premiers résultats laissaient supposer un rôle pour l'IL-9 dans notre modèle de rejet de greffes en disparité des molécules du CMH de classe II: premièrement, nous avions observé la production d'IL-9 par les lymphocytes T de type Th2 alloréactifs et deuxièmement, l'ARNm d'IL-9 était fortement exprimé au niveau des allogreffes de peaux rejetées. C’est pourquoi, la survie de peaux bm12, déficientes pour la molécule Fas, greffées sur des receveurs B6 déficients pour l'IL-9 (B6.IL-9-/-) a été comparée avec celle de peaux transplantées sur des receveurs B6. Nous avons montré que, comme les souris B6 normales, les animaux B6.IL-9-/- rejettent leur greffe dans les 15 jours. Donc, contrairement à l'IL-5, l'IL-9 n'est pas essentielle pour le rejet de peau dirigé par les cellules T CD4+ de type Th2 dans notre modèle de disparité des molécules du CMH de classe II.
Néanmoins, les allogreffes de peaux, dans notre modèle de disparité des molécules du CMH de classe II, contiennent moins d’éosinophiles lorsqu’elles sont rejetées par des receveurs déficients pour la synthèse d’IL-9 (IL-9-/-). En plus du modèle bm12, nous avons également observé un rôle de l’IL-9 dans un autre modèle de rejet Th2. Il a été montré par notre laboratoire que le rejet d’allogreffes cardiaques Balb/c complètement incompatibles par des souris receveuses B6.CD8-/- est caractérisé par le recrutement d’éosinophiles dans l’organe rejeté (106). Dans celui-ci, l’ARNm de l’IL-9 est présent pendant le rejet, de même que l’IL-4 et l’IL-5 et les greffes rejetées par des receveurs IL-9-/- contiennent moins d’éosinophiles par rapport à des receveurs contrôles. Les mécanismes par lesquels l’IL-9 induit le recrutement des éosinophiles ne sont pas complètement connus.
L’IL-5 est considérée comme la cytokine clé pour le développement de l’éosinophilie. De plus, le rejet aigu des cœurs transgéniques pour l’IL-9 est caractérisé par une infiltration massive d'éosinophiles et est inhibé lors de la neutralisation de l'IL-5. Nous avons entrepris la seconde étude pour investiguer le lien fonctionnel entre l’IL-9 et l’IL-5 dans le rejet d’allogreffe, ce qui permettra de mieux comprendre le recrutement des éosinophiles par l’IL-9.
Bien que le rejet ne soit pas inhibé par le manque d’IL-9, les allogreffes rejetées par les souris déficientes en IL-9 contiennent moins d’éosinophiles par rapport à des souris contrôles et présentent une production plus faible d’IL-5 par les cellules T alloréactives. De manière intéressante, la production optimale d’IL-5 après une stimulation allogénique requiert un récepteur à l’IL-9 (IL-9R) fonctionnel sur les cellules répondeuses. De plus, l’infiltration d’éosinophiles induite par l’IL-9 est absente dans des peaux transplantées sur des receveurs déficients pour le récepteur de l’IL-9. Finalement, la production d’IL-5 par des cellules T CD4+ stimulées par l’anti-CD3 est abolie par la neutralisation de l’IL-9.
En conclusion, nous pouvons dire que l'IL-9 est capable d'induire un rejet de type Th2, caractérisé par une forte infiltration d’éosinophiles et une dépendance à l'IL-5 et à l'IL-4. Notre étude montre également que l’IL-9 peut agir directement sur les cellules T CD4+ pour induire leur capacité à sécréter de l’IL-5. Cependant, l’IL-9 n’est pas indispensable au processus de rejet Th2 et il est probable que lorsque l’IL-9 est bloquée d'autres cytokines soient capables de compenser son absence. Notre étude permet une meilleure compréhension des voies complexes du recrutement des éosinophiles.
Doctorat en sciences biomédicales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Almada, Leandro Momenté [UNESP]. "O modelo de injeção de potência do TCSC e sua aplicação no estudo da estabilidade a pequenas perturbações." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87103.
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O principal objetivo deste trabalho é a utilização do modelo de injeção de potência do dispositivo FACTS TCSC (Thyris-tor Controlled Series Capacitor) na análise da estabilidade a pequenas perturbações de sistemas elétricos de potência. Para atingir este objetivo é deduzido o modelo de injeção de potência do TCSC, cujo equacionamento é adicionado ao Modelo de Sensibilidade de Po-tência (MSP), utilizado para representar o sistema elétrico de potência (SEP). Para o amortecimento das oscilações eletromecânicas de baixa frequência do SEP são utilizados dois modelos para os controladores, um que considera somente um ganho proporcional e outro comumente chamado na literatura de controlador suplementar de amortecimento (POD – Power Oscillation Damping) que contém também blocos de avanço- atraso de fase. Ambos os controladores devem atuar em conjunto com o TCSC para fornecer amortecimento ao SEP. Neste trabalho o sinal de entrada para os dois controladores é a variação da potência ativa na linha de transmissão de instalação do TCSC e seus parâmetros são ajustados de duas formas: pelo método dos resíduos e utilizando o toolbox rltool (SISO) do software MATLAB. Para a validação do equacionamento desenvolvido foram realizadas simulações em um sistema de potência simétrico, de duas áreas, composto de 4 geradores e 10 barras
This work presents a power injection model for the Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC), a Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) device, for small signal stability analysis in the electric power systems. To achieve such goal, the TCSC injection power model equations are summed up to the Power Sensitivity Model (PSM) which is used to represent the electric power system (EPS). For the low frequency electromechanical oscillation damping, two models are used to represent the controller: 1. A proportional control and; 2. A supplementary control known as Power Oscillation Damping (POD), which also comprehends lead-lag blocks. Both controllers, previously cited, must work together with the TCSC to damp oscillations in the EPS. In this work, the input signal for both controllers is the real power flow variation in the transmission line where the TCSC is placed and the controllers parameters are adjusted using the residues method and the Matlab toolbox rltool (SISO). Several simulations in a symmetrical, two areas power system, composed of four generators and ten busses, are provided in way to validate the power injection model and are discussed in this work
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Menezes, Maxwell Martins de [UNESP]. "Ajuste de parâmetros de controladores suplementares (POD) através de redes neurais artificiais em dispositivos FACTS TCSC e SSSC." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87112.
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Este trabalho apresenta estudos referentes à estabilidade a pequenas perturbações do SEP, considerando a atuação de FACTS para o amortecimento das oscilações eletromecânicas de baixa frequência. São abordados os dispositivos FACTS TCSC (Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor) e o SSSC (Static Synchronous Series Compensator). É realizada a representação e modelagem dos dispositivos FACTS no SEP inserindo no Modelo Sensibilidade de Potência. Para melhorar o desempenho do SEP no que se refere à estabilidade a pequenas perturbações, controladores suplementares são propostos para aumentar o desempenho dos dispositivos TCSC e SSSC, introduzindo o amortecimento necessário ao SEP. Adicionam-se os controladores suplementares POD no modelo modificado para os dispositivos TCSC e SSSC para verificar sua atuação. Para encontrar a melhor localização para instalação dos dispositivos é usado a teoria dos resíduos. Esta mesma teoria é usada também para o ajuste dos parâmetros dos controlares juntamente com outro ajuste feito através de Redes Neurais Artificiais (RNA), que é proposto como alternativa de comparação ao método dos resíduos. Simulações são efetuadas em um sistema teste simétrico para se verificar resultados e a eficácia do controlador POD (parâmetros ajustados pela RNA proposta), acoplados aos dispositivos FACTS, na manutenção da estabilidade a pequenas perturbações do SEP. Palavras-chave: Controladores POD. Estabilidade de sistema de potência. Redes neurais artificiais. TCSC e SSSC
This work presents studies referred to short term Electric Power System (EPS) perturbations, considering the actuation of FACTS devices for low frequency electromechanical oscillation damping. The devices considered are: FACTS TCSC (Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor) and the SSSC (Static Synchronous Series Compensator). It is representation and modeling FACTS devices in the EPS inserting in the Power Sensitivity Model. To improve the performance of the EPS considering the short term perturbations, additional controllers are proposed to increase the performance of the TCSC and SSSC devices, introducing the necessary damping to the EPS. The additional POD controller is added to the modified model for TCSC and SSSC devices to verify the acting. The residual theory is used to find the best location to install the devices. The same theory is used to adjust the parameters of the controllers and an adjustment with Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) is proposed as an alternative to the residual method. Simulations are effectuated for a symmetric test system to verify the efficiency of the POD controller (parameters adjusted by the ANN proposed), coupled with the FACTS devices, to maintain the stability considering the short term perturbations