Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'TCP / IP technology'

To facilitate the merging of wireless access technologies and the traditional Internet, the core protocols for data communication should be robust and have low overhead. In this thesis, we propose refinements to the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) that improve its cost efficiency over wireless links.TCP is unable to distinguish between congestion and error induced losses, reordered, or delayed segments. A reordering robust TCP would make it possible to simplify network elements, now performing explicit actions to prevent reordering, and open up for deployment of new technologies that naturally cause reordering. We propose TCP-Aix; a set of TCP modifications that improves the robustness of TCP to reordering and delay spikes. TCP-Aix decouples loss recovery and congestion control actions. We also present an algorithm called the winthresh algorithm for computing a duplicate acknowledgment threshold based on TCP buffer space and current send window size. The results show that TCP-Aix with the winthresh algorithm is able to maintain almost constant performance even in scenarios frequently displaying long reordering durations. It is also fair towards competing standards-compliant TCP flows.In wireless networks, where the links out of efficiency constraints are more error prone than wired links, the error and the reordering sensitivity of TCP have motivated link layer protocols that perform retransmissions and enforce in-order delivery. We investigate the potential gains of using a reordering robust TCP, like TCP-Aix, with a wireless link layer that allows out-of-order delivery, compared to using in-order delivery with a standardscompliant TCP. We found that the smoothness of TCP is strongly affected by the link layer configuration. In-order delivery leads to burstier traffic and larger network layer buffering needs, than out-of-order delivery and TCP-Aix. The interference and power consumption in foremost wireless networks make it important to reduce the communication overhead. The TCP receiver acknowledges each or every second segment. We study how to reduce the acknowledgment frequency while preserving throughput performance also in wireline networks where frequent acknowledgments generally are not problematic. To preserve throughput, the sender should use byte counting and be involved in determining the acknowledgment frequency. The results show that acknowledging four segments per send window is sufficient to maintain throughput performance also in wireline scenarios. This indicates that a lower acknowledgment frequency than provided through the delayed acknowledgment algorithm is possible today for general usage.A key service to the successful merging of traditional Internet technology and wireless cellular networks is Voice over IP (VoIP). Channels to be shared by both VoIP and TCP-based traffic is being considered for wireless cellular systems. It is challenging to provide VoIP over a shared wireless cellular channel, because VoIP is a low bitrate service with high demands on channel availability to bound the delay. The scheduling algorithm, controlling access to the channel, is central to achieve efficiency as well as to satisfy user demands. We study how a scheduler for a mix of VoIP and interactive (TCP-based) traffic should be designed for High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA). In particular, we find that slowly increasing the priority of a VoIP session relative TCP-based services is important to take advantage of the varying network conditions.

Godkänd; 2008; 20080520 (ysko)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 49-52).
The sixteen-bit well-known port number is often overlooked as a network identifier in Internet communications. Its purpose at the most fundamental level is only to demultiplex flows of traffic. Several unintended uses of the port number evolved from associating services with a list of well-known port numbers. This thesis documents those unintended consequences in an effort to describe the port number's influence on Internet players from ISPs to application developers and individual users. Proposals and examples of moving away from well-known port numbers to randomly assigned ones are then presented, with analysis of impacts on the political and economic systems on which Internet communication is dependent.
by Elizabeth Masiello.
S.M.

ITC/USA 2007 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Third Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 22-25, 2007 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada
This paper discusses how IRIG 106 Chapter 10 recording techniques could be employed in a network-centric environment, while maintaining as many of the strengths of the traditional approach. In the course of that discussion, aspects of the published standard which would have to be disregarded or reinterpreted for a network-centric approach to be adopted are illustrated.

To detect network changes and network troubles, Transpondertech needs a tool that can make network measurements.

The purpose of this thesis has been to find measurable network properties that best reflect the status of a network, to find methods to measure these proerties and to implement these methods in one single tool. The resulting tool is called NetworkPerf and can measure the following network properties: availability, round-trip delay, delay variation, number of hops, intermediate hosts, available bandwidth, available ports, and maximum allowed packet size. Together, these properties give a good picture of the status of a network connection.

The thesis also presents the methods used for meassuring these properties in the tool.

The concept of Next Generation Network NGN (Next Generation Network), which uses TCP / IP technology as a basis for building multiservice networks, gives the operator great opportunities to organize a virtually unlimited number of services. But at the same time it sets new challenges in terms of creating and implementing new methods of traffic service. The struggle for resources affects the quality of service for all types of traffic, including IPTV traffic. The modern model of differentiated service provides for the division of traffic into classes with giving them different priorities in service. The problem of establishing priorities for different types of traffic was solved by the method of reducing individual quality indicators to a generalized value function of the additive type using weights.

Projektet har till syfte att undersöka den revolutionerande tekniken bakom IP-telefoni. Eftersom tekniken är relativt ung så finns det fortfarande mycket att lära om hur det fungerar och hur den används. Projektet behandlar fördelar och nackdelar samt vilka hot som finns och hur man kan känna sig säker när man använder IP-telefoni till vardags. Det primära objektivet med projektet är att få en helhetsbild och förstå hur tekniken verkligen fungerar. Vidare behandlas telefonens historia då det är viktigt att se var tekniken har sina rötter och hur den utvecklats sedan dess. Som en röd tråd från telefonens teknologi och det publika telefonnätets rötter görs en jämförelse mellan de två teknologierna för att se skillanderna och förmodade fördelar och nackdelar med de båda systemen. Olika sorters protokoll som har ett nära förhållande till IP-telefoni så som SIP, RTP, UDP och IP behandlas. För att få en sanningsenlig bild över hur vardagliga användare upplever IP-telefoni så har en enkätundersökning angående vanor och möjliga problem gjorts hos de anställda på Region Skåne.

This thesis presents an investigation of how to extend the reach of a Bluetooth personal area network by introducing the concept of Bluetooth Hotspots. Currently two Bluetooth devices cannot communicate with each other unless they are within radio range, since Bluetooth is designed as a cable-replacement technology for wireless communications over short ranges. An investigation was done into the feasibility of creating Bluetooth hotspots that allow distant Bluetooth devices to communicate with each other by transporting their communications between these hotspots via an alternative network infrastructure such as an IP network. Two approaches were investigated, masquerading of remote devices by the local hotspot to allow seamless communications and proxying services on remote devices by providing them on a local hotspot using a distributed service discovery database. The latter approach was used to develop applications capable of transporting Bluetooth’s RFCOMM and L2CAP protocols. Quantitative tests were performed to establish the throughput performance and latency of these transport applications. Furthermore, a number of selected Bluetooth services were tested which lead us to conclude that most data-based protocols can be transported by the system.

^{Ethernet functionality testing as a generic term used for checking connectivity,throughput and capability to transfer packets over the network. Especially in the packet-switchenvironment, Ethernet testing has become an essential part for deploying a reliable network.Over a long distance Ethernet testing parameter for analyzing network performance must havetwo devices attached and synchronized.}

Saab Microwave Systems is among the leading suppliers of radar systems developing groundbased,naval and air-borne radar systems. To ensure the correct functionality, the developerwants to verify the performance of computer network and looking for a suitable solution.

A software application is required to verify and test the functionality of the Ethernet network andto verify the functionality and performance of the TCP/IP stack of newly added node. Theprograms shall be easily ported to different operating systems and must not depend on specificproduct properties.A software application, “NetBurst”, is developed for Ethernet functionality testing. Theapplication is vendor and platform independent.

 

The growth of high speed Internet connections has fueled an increase in the demand for high quality streaming video. In order to satisfy timing constraints, streaming video typically uses UDP as the default network transport protocol. Unfortunately, UDP does not have any end-to-end congestion control mechanisms, and so in the absence of higher layer congestion control can lead to unfairness and possibly congestion collapse. While there has been research done in video measurement and characterization using custom tools, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no measurement studies where the researchers had control over a commercial streaming media server and client, and control of the network conditions and content. A goal of this research is to characterize the bitrate response of Windows Streaming Media in response to network-level metrics such as capacity, loss rate, and round-trip time. We build a streaming media test bed that allows us to systematically vary network and content encoding characteristics. We analyze responsiveness by comparing streaming media flows to TCP-friendly flows under various streaming configurations and network conditions. We find Windows Streaming Media has a prominent buffering phase in which it sends data at a bitrate significantly higher than the steady-state rate. Overall, Windows Streaming Media is responsive to available capacity, but is often unfair to TCP. Knowledge of streaming media's response to congestion encountered in the network is important in building networks that better accommodate their turbulence. The additional characteristics we measure can be combined to guide emulation or simulation configurations and network traffic generators for use in further research.

Mobile telephony technology like GSM made portable telephony a possibility. The arising and development of the Internet made a revolutionary change to communication and interchange of information. Bluetooth wireless technology revolutionizes personal connectivity by providing freedom from wired connections. Combining these technologies together brings the concept of Mobile@Home of Ericsson.

Mobile@Home is a fixed-mobile convergence concept using the fixed network to carry present and future mobile services (e.g. voice, video, mail and Internet access) all the way to the home or office. By combining the high bandwidth of the fixed access network with the wireless technology of Bluetooth, Mobile@Home makes it possible to deliver high bandwidth to the mobile phone. Mobile@Home requires a Bluetooth enabled mobile phone and a Bluetooth enabled HBS (Home Base Station), placed at the home or office. By means of fast IP access (ADSL, cable modem etc.) the HBS connects into the standard mobile core network through a HBSC (Home Base Station Controller).

The purpose of this thesis is the generation of simulated traffic between the HBS and HBSC and to analyze its behavior. This primary involves generation of signaling through an internal protocol, provided by Ericsson, for management and call control, and generation of GSM EFR (Enhanced Full Rate) voice streams over the RTP (Real Time Protocol) protocol. The simulation will consist of both the HBS and MS (Mobile Station). A set of HBS: s with attached MS will call one another through the HBSC. In this assignment only the GSM signaling will be considered because of time and scope limitations. The goal is to validate the RTP traffic generated towards the HBSC. Parameters like packet loss, packet delay and erroneous packets will be analyzed.

Theme of the Master's thesis is issue of backup power units and its attributes. There is also complete proposal of UPS power unit which can be used to control and monitor backup batteries. Power supply is fully controlled via Ethernet interface using TCI/IP protocol. The other chapter describes complete development of TCI/IP GSM unit which can be used for communication interface between GSM and Ethernet protocol. UPS and GSM modules are developed in details. The Master.s thesis includes all needed information for HW unit development and also for controlling software as well. Universal solution of the modules allows number possibilities of further development.

The aim of the diploma thesis is to choose network simulator suitable for network technologies laboratory tasks for educational use. Theoretical part of thesis describes basics of network communication, addressing, reference models. Thesis also describes standards Wi Fi, Ethernet and routing protocol OSPF - technologies which are discussed in laboratory tasks. The practical part of diploma thesis describes a few available network simulators suitable for creating two laboratory tasks. Finally, the NS-3 simulator was chosen. Both laboratory tasks include theoretical introduction, detailed description of source code, individual tasks, expected outputs and control questions which senses understanding of discussed technologies.

Avec l’arrivée massive des technologies sans fil, le nombre de terminaux mobiles n’a cessé de croître, pour des usages et des ressources de communication diversifiés. En intégrant les objets du quotidien, nos réseaux de communications sont devenus dynamiques aussi bien en termes de ressources que de topologie physique, offrant accès à des informations de plus en plus riches. La tâche de gestion s’est ainsi complexifiée et requiert des temps de réponse de plus en plus courts difficilement réalisables par un administrateur humain. Il devient indispensable de mettre en œuvre des capacités de gestion autonomes pour les nouveaux réseaux. Dans tous les cas, la gestion d’un système implique une étape essentielle : sa mesure et sa supervision. Peu importe sa nature, c’est cette étape de prise d’information qui permet sa caractérisation, son analyse et son contrôle. Le domaine des réseaux n’échappe pas à cette règle et les objets qui le composent auront besoin d’acquérir des informations sur leur environnement pour mieux s’y adapter. Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons au partage efficace de ces informations de mesures à des fins d’auto-analyse et d’évaluation distribuée de la performance. Après avoir formalisé le problème de la mesure distribuée, nous nous consacrons dans un premier temps à l’organisation des échanges de mesures dans les graphes dynamiques. Nous proposons une nouvelle heuristique pour le consensus de la moyenne qui converge plus rapidement que celles de l’état de l’art. Dans un second temps, nous considérons des topologies plus stables pouvant utiliser des flux TCP comme moyen d’échange. Nous proposons un mécanisme d’ordonnancement de ces flux qui conserve le même comportement face à la congestion, tout en réduisant leur latence moyenne. Enfin, nous nous intéressons à l’information de mesure échangée. Nous montrons comment les nœuds peuvent superviser diverses métriques telles que la performance d’un système en se basant sur l’utilité de ses agents, et proposons une méthode pour qu’ils puissent analyser l’évolution de cette performance
With the massive rise of wireless technologies, the number of mobile stations is constantly growing. Both their uses and their communication resources are diversified. By integrating our daily life objects, our communication networks become dynamic in terms of physical topology but also in term of resources. Furthermore, they give access to a richer information. As a result, the management task has become complex and requires shorter response time that a human administrator can not respect. It becomes necessary to develop an autonomic management behavior in next generation networks. In any manner, managing a system requires essential steps which are : its measurement and its supervision. Whatever the nature of a system, this stage of information gathering, allows its characterization and its control. The field of networks is not the exception to the rule and objects that compose them will need to acquire information on their environment for a better adaptation. In this thesis, we focus on the efficient sharing of this information, for self-analysis and distributed performance evaluation purposes. After having formalized the problem of the distributed measurement, we address in a first part the fusion and the diffusion of measures in dynamic graphs. We develop a new heuristic for the average consensus problem offering a better contraction rate than the ones of the state of the art. In a second part, we consider more stable topologies where TCP is used to convey measures. We offer a scheduling mechanism for TCP flows that guaranty the same impact on the network congestion, while reducing the average latency. Finally, we show how nodes can supervise various metrics such as the system performance based on their utilities and suggest a method to allow them to analyze the evolution of this performance

This diploma thesis is focused on the study of concept of Internet of Things, concept of Industry 4.0 and on current conditions in smart factories. Based on these studies there was designed and implemented hardware and software adjustment for industrial machines and connection of these industrial machines to communication network. There was designed and programmed the application in the C# language. This application provides a data collection from industrial machines, provides various services for machines and humans and this application is processing and viewing necessary data. For these purposes the application is using a database system based on the SQLite. These tasks of designing and implementation are summarized to system, which is determined for smart factory implementation. This implementation is created according to Industry 4.0 concept.

碩士
國立成功大學
電腦與通信工程研究所
101
Network I/O virtualization plays an important role in the cloud computing. This thesis identifies three critical factors to provide a robust network service in a virtualization environment: I/O virtualization architectures, Quality of Service (QoS), and the VMM scheduler. In order to achieve high network throughput, we virtualize TOE in different ways. First, we use device emulation in which the VMM emulates virtual TOE for each virtual machine. In order to eliminate the hypervisor overheads of device emulation, we use direct I/O access to improve network performance. The direct I/O access architecture provides the abstraction that each virtual machine is connected directly to its own control interface. Through direct I/O access, the VMM interception overhead can be eliminated and the network throughput is 5% to 20% higher than the device emulation. In addition to improve the network performance, we propose the QoS dispatcher which employs deficit weighted round robin (DWRR) algorithm to guarantee the Quality of Service (QoS) within all virtual machines. Traditionally, the VMM scheduler focuses on fairly sharing of the processor resources; however, this scheduling policy can result in poor I/O performance. We explore the relationship between the guest scheduling policy and I/O performance to find the suitable policy which can share the CPU resource fairly while obtain the acceptable I/O performance.