Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Taxonomy'
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Malone, Robert Leon. "Posture taxonomy." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03022010-020109/.
Full textGroneman, Matthew. "Trickster's Taxonomy." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2011. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/121.
Full textEstrada, Francisco Adolfo Brusquetti [UNESP]. "Taxonomic review of Scinax fuscomarginatus (Lutz, 1925) and related species (Anura : Hylidae)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99509.
Full textConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Scinax fuscomarginatus, S. parkeri, S. trilineatus e a recentemente descrita S. lutzorum são espécies muito similares morfologicamente que ocorrem em formações abertas da America do Sul ao leste dos Andes. Scinax parkeri e S. trilineatus tiveram sua validade taxonômica questionada enquanto S. fuscomarginatus é considerada por vários autores como um complexo de espécies. Levando em conta a similaridade morfológica e a incerteza taxonômica, nesse trabalho revisamos a taxonomia de Scinax fuscomarginatus, S. trilineatus, S. parkeri e S. lutzorum usando dados de morfologia externa, cantos de anúncio e sequências moleculares. Os principais objetivos foram investigar a existência de outras espécies sob o nome S. fuscomarginatus e avaliar o status taxonômico de S. parkeri, S. trilineatus, S. lutzorum e Hyla madeirae (único sinônimo de S. fuscomarginatus). Nas análises filogenéticas com dados moleculares encontramos uma profunda e rica estrutura genética tanto intra quanto inter-especifica. As amostras incluídas formaram um grupo monofilético bem suportado que está estruturado em vários clados e subclados. Hyla madeirae e a população da Serra do Cachimbo correspondem a subclados distintos enquanto as espécies atualmente válidas (S. fuscomarginatus, S. parkeri, S. trilineatus e S. lutzorum) se agrupam em um único clado. Este clado apresenta subestrutura marcada, mas a concordância entre subclados e as espécies reconhecidas é limitada. A alta variação intraespecífica e intrapopulacional encontrada nos caracteres morfológicos usados para a diagnose original das espécies não permitiu a diferenciação entre S. parkeri, S. trilineatus, S. lutzorum e S. fuscomarginatus. Entretanto, alguns caracteres permitem a distinção de Hyla madeirae e dos espécimens da Serra do Cachimbo
Scinax fuscomarginatus, S. parkeri, S. trilineatus and the recently described S. lutzorum are morphologically very similar species that occur in open formations of South America east of the Andes. Scinax parkeri and S. trilineatus had its taxonomic validity questioned, and S. fuscomarginatus is considered by many authors as a species complex. Given the morphological similarity and taxonomic uncertainty, we review the taxonomy of Scinax fuscomarginatus, S. parkeri, S. trilineatus, and S. lutzorum using data from external morphology, advertisement calls and molecular sequences. The main goals were to investigate the existence of other species under the name S. fuscomarginatus and assess the taxonomic status of S. parkeri, S. trilineatus, S. lutzorum and Hyla madeirae (the only synonym within S. fuscomarginatus). In the phylogenetic analysis obtained with the molecular data we found rich and deep genetic structure both within and between species. The samples included formed a well supported monophyletic group that is divided into several clades and subclades. The specimens of Hyla madeirae and those from Serra do Cachimbo corresponded to distinct subclades while the currently valid species (S. fuscomarginatus, S. parkeri, S. and S. trilineatus lutzorum) were grouped into a single clade. This clade showed marked substructure, but the concordance of the recognized species to subclades were limited. The high intrapopulation and intraspecific variation found in morphological characters used for the original diagnoses did not allow us to differ among S. parkeri, S. trilineatus, S. lutzorum and S. fuscomarginatus. However, some characters support the distinction of Hyla madeirae and specimens from Serra do Cachimbo. Similarly, none of valid species were distinguishable in morphometric analysis while Hyla madeirae and the specimens from Serra do Cachimbo showed a trend in having wider heads
Almeida-Silva, Lina Maria. "Cladistic analysis of Macrobunidae Petrunkevitch, 1928 new rank and revision of Macrobuninae (Araneae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-20032014-094350/.
Full textMacrobuninae é alvo de uma revisão e análise cladística. Esta subfamília, que já foi considerada a maior de Amaurobiidae, mostra-se pouco relacionada aos Amaurobiinae ou \"amaurobiideos verdadeiros\". A matriz deste estudo, composta por 82 taxa terminais e 107 caracteres inclui representantes de todos os gêneros de Macrobuninae e novos taxa desta subfamília. Como grupo-externo, foram utilizados representantes de: Agelenidae Koch, Amaurobiidae, Amphinectidae Forster & Wilton, Chummidae Jocqué, Desidae Pocock, Dictynidae O. P.-Cambridge, Phyxelididae Lehtinen, Stiphidiidae Dalmas, Tengellidae Dahl, Titanoecidae Lehtinen, Zorocratidae Dahl e Zoropsidae Bertkau, uma vez que estas famílias foram relacionadas a Macrobuninae em outros estudos. Os resultados principais confirmam que Macrobuninae não está intimamente relacionada a Amaurobiidae e confirma a necessidade de elevar Macrobuninae à categoria de família, Macrobunidae Petrunckevitch, 1928 status nov. a fim de incluir os Macrobuninae e generos relacionados. Três subfamílias aqui descritas: Retirinae subfam. nov., Pakehinae subfam. nov., and Zanomyinae Ubick, 2005 status nov.. Chummidae Jocqué, atualmente composta por um gênero e duas espécies, passa a ser considerada sinônimo-junior de Macrobunidae. Amaurobiidae aparece como grupo-irmão dos clados \"paracribellares fundidas\" e calamistro oval. A subfamília Macrobuninae é revisada em nível genérico e redelimitada a fim de incluir um total de 26 gêneros. Destes, treze gêneros novos são descritos: Siyabonga gen . nov., Peckmaria gen. nov., Ijoubetumsam gen. nov., Imbumbulu gen. nov., Ibhulashi gen. nov., Umunwe gen. nov., Pigozzoi gen. nov., Samadhia gen. nov., Naynay gen. nov., Segoko gen. nov., Deusemais gen. nov., Madiba gen. nov. and Ushaka gen nov.. Dos treze gêneros conhecidos, apenas os que possuem descriçoões recentes e atualizadas não tiveram suas espécies-tipo redescritas. Dezessete espécies novas são descritas: Emmenomma joshuabelli sp. nov., Macrobunus alejandrosanzi, sp. nov., Macrobunus eniomattosi sp. nov., Yupanquia lenktaitisi sp. nov., Ijoubetumsam frizzellae sp. nov., Deusemais viximaria sp. nov., Naynay meikleae sp. nov., Pigozzoi pifozonho sp. nov., Samadhia kellyfujiharae sp. nov., Siyabonga kakhulu sp. nov., Imbumbulu westhuizenis sp. nov., Madiba haddadi sp. nov., Ushaka umsila sp. nov., Ushaka philai sp. nov., Ibhulashi lakeside sp. nov., Umunwe ndabae sp. nov. e Segoko chueneorum sp. nov.. Oito gêneros são removidos de Macrobuninae e transferidos para outras subfamílias e/ou famílias. As mudanças taxonômicas apresentadas são corroboradas pela análise cladística. São apresentadas as primeiras descrições de machos de espécies de Hicanodon Tullgren, Yupanquia Lehtinen e Chresiona Simon. Anisacate fuegianum bransfield Usher é elevada a categoria de espécie, A. bransfield Usher stat. nov.. Emmenomma beauchenicum Usher é considerada sinônimo junior de E. oculatum. Emmenomma oculatum obscurum Simon é removida da sinonímia e elevada a categoria de espécie, Emmenomma obscurum Simon stat. nov.. Os espécimes-tipo de M. backhauseni são aqui considerados duas espécies diferentes e com base na fêmea uma espécie nova M. alejandrosanzi sp. nov. é descrita. A verdadeira fêmea de M. backhauseni (Simon) é descrita pela primeira vez. Outras mudanças taxonômicas proveniente do estudo dos espécimes-tipo incluem remover Notolathys Mello-Leitão da sinonímia com Auximella Strand e transferir Notolathys para sinônimo-junior de Retiro Mello-Leitão; sinonimizar Urepus Roth e Auximella; considerar Tymbira Mello-Leitão sinônimo-junior de Metaltella Mello-Leitão
Vaseghi, George H. COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION TAXONOMY SIMULATION ENVIRONMENTS MODELS RESOLUTION THESES VARIABLES SURVEYS CLASSIFICATION. "Model resolution taxonomy /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1994. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA286206.
Full textVaseghi, George H. "Model resolution taxonomy." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/28376.
Full textThis study addresses the need for a model resolution taxonomy which allows simulation models used in military analysis to be decomposed into a common set of functional areas or dimensions, each with a corresponding measure of detail or resolution, in order to facilitate efforts to revalidate existing models for new applications, integrate existing models to span broader environments, and develop variable resolution models capable of being used in a broad range of applications across varying environments. The model resolution taxonomy and an associated model resolution classification survey is developed based on interviews with subject matter experts, some with broad modeling experience, and others intimately familiar with one of a broad variety of simulation models
Dunning, John Paul. "Bluetooth Threat Taxonomy." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76883.
Full textMaster of Science
Passi, Emilio C. "Bloom's taxonomy agent /." View online record:, 2000. http://srproj.lib.calpoly.edu/projects/csc/Passi%5FEmilio/.
Full textSnow, Rion Langley. "Semantic taxonomy induction /." May be available electronically:, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.
Full textLemon, Samuel Johansson, and Hjalmar Condé. "EU-Taxonomins påverkan på hållbarhetsarbetet inom svenska skogsbruk- och fastighetsbranschen : En analys utifrån ett aktörsperspektiv." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297660.
Full textIn an attempt to try and prevent the rises in global average temperature and climate crisis, the United Nations (UN) reached a global agreement at the end of 2015 called the Paris Agreement. The Paris Agreement took effect in 2016 and states that the global average temperature increase must be well below 2 °C, and that the world must strive to be below 1.5 °C in average global temperature increase before 2050. In an effort to try and reach the goals of the Paris Agreement, the European Union (EU) have developed a taxonomy to implement on all businesses in the EU that are included in a certain criteria determined by the EU. The Taxonomy will be implemented on businesses in nine different industries in its first phase and will make it easier for investors to allocate their equity into businesses that the EU recognises as sustainable. In this essay, we will evaluate different types of stakeholders’ opinions on whether the EU- Taxonomy is sustainable for the forestry- and real estate industry from an environmental perspective. This is done by analysing open statements and interviewing different people representing the different leading stakeholders in their respective Swedish branches. The questions for the interviews are formulated so that the responses can be used to analyse the EU-Taxonomy’s effect from a sustainability perspective. The results show that Swedish stakeholders, mostly in the forestry sector, are concerned about the EU-Taxonomy’s criteria in defining what a sustainable activity is. Changes in the EU-Taxonomy will have to be made so that the implementation of the taxonomy has a positive effect in the work made to achieve the Paris Agreement by 2050. The essay, in the forestry sector, came to the conclusion that the stakeholders have different takes on what sustainability work is, but they all agree that the EU-Taxonomy is not a sustainable guideline for the sector. In real- estate, the stakeholders agree that the EU-Taxonomy is maladapted. The EU-Taxonomy focuses mostly on use of energy for buildings and leaves other major sustainability factors surrounding real estate out.
Ramesh, Shreyas. "Deep Learning for Taxonomy Prediction." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/89752.
Full textMaster of Science
Taxonomy prediction is a science involving the hierarchical classification of DNA fragments up to the rank species. Given species diversity on Earth, taxonomy prediction gets challenging with (i) increasing number of species (labels) to classify and (ii) decreasing input (DNA) size. In this research, we introduce Predicting Linked Organisms, Plinko, for short. Plinko is a fully-functioning, state-of-the-art predictive system that accurately captures DNA - Taxonomy relationships where other state-of-the-art algorithms falter. Three major challenges in taxonomy prediction are (i) large dataset sizes (order of 109 sequences) (ii) large label spaces (order of 103 labels) and (iii) low resolution inputs (100 base pairs or less). Plinko leverages multi-view convolutional neural networks and the pre-defined taxonomy tree structure to improve multi-level taxonomy prediction for hard to classify sequences under the three conditions stated above. Plinko has the advantage of relatively low storage footprint, making the solution portable, and scalable with anticipated genome database growth. To the best of our knowledge, Plinko is the first to use multi-view convolutional neural networks as the core algorithm in a compositional, alignment-free approach to taxonomy prediction.
Khan, Ahmad Salman, and Mira Kajko-Mattsson. "Taxonomy of Handover Activities." KTH, Programvaru- och datorsystem, SCS, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-90208.
Full textQc 20120223
Monro, Alexandre K. "Taxonomy of pilea (urticaceae)." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.444327.
Full textStone, Roger Phillip. "The taxonomy of failure." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.524743.
Full textHamilton, Alastair. "Studies on 'Aeromonas' taxonomy." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403322.
Full textTODOR, ROBERTO. "TAXONOMY OF EDUCATIONAL GAMES." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2015. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=33669@1.
Full textCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
As tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TICs) vêm avançando de forma continuada e se amalgamando à cultura de uma grande parcela da juventude mundial, inclusive a brasileira. Nessa pesquisa, citamos o processo pelo qual está passando os espaços de ensino-aprendizagem, do qual, aos poucos, estão acolhendo a demanda desse público-alvo, de jovens estudantes, que desejam estar conectados durante suas atividades escolares. Contudo, muitos games com suas habilidades e competências têm contribuído para o aprendizado e podem cumprir muitas tarefas, inclusive a de reaproximar estudantes que estejam desestimulados com o ensino do dia-a-dia. A sociedade, por sua vez, vem acompanhando esse processo e, nesse documento, apresentamos um histórico de como evoluímos com os games desde os arcades até chegarem aos celulares. Como consequência dessa evolução tecnológica, há uma profusão de títulos de games para os dispositivos móveis, muitos deles educativos, o que vem de encontro com a necessidade de crianças e jovens em idade escolar. Em seguida, apresentamos um estudo dos artifícios que fazem desses games tão atrativos a esse público. Com todo esse subsídio, a pesquisa propõe a formatação de uma taxonomia para games educativos, a fim de oferecer subsídios para que alunos, seus pais e professores tenham facilidade em identificar games que possam contribuir para o seu aprendizado.
Information and communication technologies have been consistently moving forward and impacting a segment of the youth population across cultures, including Brazil. In this research paper we examine the transformations occurring in the field of education, both from a teaching and a learning perspective. These two arenas have gradually been taking on current demands from their target audience, the youth, who desire to stay connected while performing their typical school work. As a result, many educational games emphasizing particular skills contribute to learning and can end up playing a number of roles, one of wich is to reengage demotivated students in their day to day learning activities. Meanwhile, society as a whole has been paralleling this transformation. This paper presents a history of the evolution of games, from the arcades to the latest cell phone platforms, and how the myriad of mobile educational games has been meeting the academic needs of school age children. We present a closer look at the tools and devices that make them so attractive to this particular age segment of the population. Our research proposes the implamentation of taxonomy exclusively of educational games, aiming to facilitate their identification of games that contribute to learning for students and their parents and teachers.
Morgan, Catrin. "A taxonomy of deception." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2014. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/1649/.
Full textChen, Mike. "Taxonomy Extraction from Wikipedia." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1320342712.
Full textHendricks, Robert W. "Communications technology : a taxonomy /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487267024995694.
Full textLarsson, Jimmy. "Taxonomy Based Image Retrieval : Taxonomy Based Image Retrieval using Data from Multiple Sources." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-180574.
Full textMed den mängd bilder som nu finns tillgänglig på Internet, hur kan vi fortfarande hitta det vi letar efter? Denna uppsats försöker avgöra hur mycket bildprecision och bildåterkallning kan öka med hjälp av appliceringen av en ordtaxonomi på traditionell Text-Based Image Search och Content-Based Image Search. Genom att applicera en ordtaxonomi på olika datakällor kan ett starkt ordfilter samt en modul som förlänger ordlistor skapas och testas. Resultaten pekar på att beroende på implementationen så kan antingen precisionen eller återkallningen förbättras. Genom att använda en liknande metod i ett verkligt scenario är det därför möjligt att flytta bilder med hög precision längre fram i resultatlistan och samtidigt behålla hög återkallning, och därmed öka den upplevda relevansen i bildsök.
Forrest, Laura Lowe. "A phylogeny of Begoniaceae Bercht. and J. Presl." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340259.
Full textCORREIA, Filipe Ramos. "Taxonomia do gênero Ampithoe Leach, 1814 (amphipoda:senticaudata) para a costa do nordeste brasileiro." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/18329.
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CAPES
Pertencentes a Família Amphitoidae, o gênero Ampithoe possui a maior diversidade de espécies dentre os gêneros desta família, além de ser o mais antigo, atualmente são conhecidas cerca de 86 espécies. Podendoviver em uma variedade de substratos, desde os sedimentos de algas vermelhas, verdes e pardas, fanerógamas marinhas, em corais, sendo encontrados em médio litoral até 20 metros de profundidades. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão taxonômica do gênero Ampithoe para a costa do Brasil, registrando novas espécies e novas ocorrências para a área de estudo. O material analisado se encontra depositado na Coleção carcinológica no Museu de Oceanografia Petrônio Alves Coelho – UFPE. Os exemplares estudados foram dissecados e desenhados com auxílio de microscópio e estereomicroscópio com câmara clara acoplada. Os exemplares foram corados em Negro de clorazol e suas peças montadas em lâminas semi-permanentes com gelatina glicerinada. Os desenhos digitais foram elaborados com programa gráfico, através de vetorização. Como resultados obtidos foram encontradas cinco espécies deste gênero: Ampithoe divisura, Ampthoe ramondi; duas novas espécies para ciência: Ampithoe sp. nov. 01 e Ampithoe sp. nov. 02; uma nova ocorrência para o Brasil: Ampithoe marcuzzii. Aumentando para seis, o número de espécies deste gênero para o nosso litoral.
Belonging to Family Amphitoidae, the genus Ampithoe has the greatest diversity of species from the genus of this family, as well as being the oldest, are currently known about 86 species. Being able to live in a variety of substrates, from the sediment of red, green and brown algae, seaweed, corals, being found in mid coast to 20 meters depths.The objective of this study is to make a taxonomic revision of the genus Ampithoe for the coast of Brazil, registering new species and new records for the study area.The material examined is deposited in the collection carcinological of the Oceanography Museum Petrônio Alves Coelho - UFPE. Specimens were dissected and drawn with the aid of a microscope and stereomicroscope with camera lucida attached. The specimens were stained in dark clorazol and their parts were mounted on semipermanent slides with glycerol gelatin.The digital drawings were made in graphic program, through vectorization.As results were found five species of this genus: Ampithoe divisura, Ampthoe ramondi; two new species to science: Ampithoe sp.nov. 01 and Ampithoe sp. nov.02; a new record from Brazil: Ampithoe marcuzzii. Increasing to six the number of species of this genus for our coast.
Coelho, Rubens Luiz Gayoso 1983. "Estudos taxonomicos em Matayba Aubl. sect. Matayba (Sapindaceae)." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/315604.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Sapindaceae apresenta cerca de 140 gêneros e aproximadamente 1600 espécies. No Brasil está representada por 24 gêneros e cerca de 400 espécies. Matayba Aubl. conta com 56 espécies arbustivas ou arbóreas, distribuídas desde o México até o norte da Argentina e no Brasil são referidas 26 espécies presentes em diversas formações vegetacionais incluindo os cerrados, campos, florestas de restinga, a floresta amazônica e a floresta atlântica. Matayba sect. Matayba é a maior seção do gênero em número de espécies e está presente apenas na América do Sul. No Brasil a seção está distribuída predominantemente fora da Amazônia, com exceção de M. guianensis de ampla distribuição e M. artropurpurea que ocorre na Amazônia brasileira e colombiana, cujo posicionamento taxonômico está aqui sendo questionado. O objetivo deste trabalho é delimitar morfologicamente as espécies de Matayba sect. Matayba através de descrições, chave de identificação e ilustrações, além de apresentar comentários taxonômicos e distribuição geográfica das espécies. O trabalho foi realizado através de levantamento bibliográfico, consultas aos herbários (39 brasileiros e um na Argentina ¿ CTES) e expedições de coleta. Os principais caracteres para a separação das espécies desta seção são o número e forma dos folíolos, a proeminência e tipos de venação e a posição das domácias. Nas flores destacam-se como caracteres diagnósticos o tamanho do apêndice petalífero basal em relação as pétalas e o tipo de indumento de partes florais como sépalas, pétalas e filetes. Foram encontradas 16 espécies de Matayba sect. Matayba, sendo duas delas novas para a Ciência, além de uma nova sinonímia para M. elaeagnoides e três espécies que foram tratadas aqui, apesar de por apresentarem um posicionamento incerto. Em Minas Gerais, encontra-se o maior número de espécies desta seção (7 spp.) distribuídas principalmente nos cerrados e campos rupestres, sendo duas delas endêmicas (M. mollis e M. punctata). Entre as espécies com maior distribuição geográfica merecem destaque M. elaeagnoides que ocorre de Minas Gerais até o Rio Grande do Sul, e M. guianensis que ocorre em toda a América do sul, com exceção da Argentina
Abstract: Sapindaceae presents about 140 genera and approximately 1600 species in Brazil is represented by 24 genera and about 400 species. Matayba Aubl. counts with 56 species being bushes or trees, distributed from Mexico to the north of Argentina and in Brazil 26 species are referred for several plant formations including the savannahs, campos rupestres, sandbank forests and the Atlantic forest. Matayba sect. Matayba is the largest section of the genus in number of species (18) and it is presented just in South America. In Brazil the section is distributed predominantly out of the Amazonia, except M. guianensis with wide distribution and M. artropurpurea that occurs in the Amazonian Brazilian and Colombian, but that appears with an uncertain positioning in this work. The objective of this work is to delimit morfologically the species of Matayba sect. Matayba through descriptions, a identification key and illustrations, besides presents taxonomic comments and geographical distribution about the species. The work was accomplished through bibliographical survey, consults to the herbaria (39 in Brazil and one in Argentina - CTES) and collection from expeditions. The main characters used to separate the species of this section are the number and form of the leflets, the prominence and venation types and the position of the domatia. In the flowers they stand out this diagnoses characters are the size of the appendix in realation with the petals and the presence of hairs in of floral parts like the sepals, petals and threads. The results obtained in this work counts with 16 species, being two of them new for the Science, besides a new synonymy for M. elaeagnoides and three species that were treated as uncertain positioning. Minas Gerais has the largest number of species of this section (7 spp.) distributed mainly in the savannahs and campos rupestres, being two of them endemic (M. mollis and M. punctata). Among the species with largerest geographical distribution make stand out M. elaeagnoides that occurs from Minas Gerais to Rio Grande do Sul, and M. guianensis in the whole South America with the exception in Argentina
Mestrado
Biologia Vegetal
Mestre em Biologia Vegetal
Scalon, Viviane Renata. "Revisão taxonômica do gênero Stryphnodendron Mart. (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41132/tde-29012008-113442/.
Full textLeguminosae - Mimosoideae comprises 80 genera and about 3,300 species, mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, although some genera can reach temperate areas. We reviewed species from Stryphnodendron, which presents Neotropical distribution with northern limit in Nicaragua and southern limit in Paraná state, Brazil. This study was based on bibliographical review, consults to the main Brazilian, North American and European herbaria, and field expeditions to the genus\' natural occurrence areas. Stryphnodendron includes 36 taxa; about 89% of which occur in Brazil, and ca. 50% of these are exclusive of this country. It can be found at several kinds of vegetations, mainly at Cerrado and Amazon Forest. Only four species have not been reported to Brazil: S. excelsum Harms (Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama), S. levelii R.S.Cowan (Venezuela), S. moricolor Barneby & Grimes (French Guiana) and S. porcatum D.A.Neill & Occhioni f. (Ecuador). Based on its external morphology, Stryphnodendron can be characterized by its spineless habit, ferruginous terminal portion of shoots, bipinnate leaves (with extrafloral nectaries), flowers with 5¬fused sepals, 5-fused petals, corolla 2 to 6 mm long, 10 stamens, the filaments free or sometimes united just near the base, short-stipitate ovary, spike-arranged flowers, nucoid legume or follicle fruits (sensu Barroso et al. 1999), septate, and endospermous seeds with apical-basal pleurograms. We defined four distribution patterns within Stryphnodendron, twelve lectotipifications, six new synonyms, two new combinations, one species reestablishment, one nomenclatural status change, three excluded species and two were kept as doubtful names. Nine new species were also detected: Stryphnodendron conicum, Stryphnodendron dryaticum, Stryphnodendronfasciatum, Stryphnodendron holosericeum, Stryphnodendron orinocense, Stryphnodendron procerum, Stryphnodendron riparium, Stryphnodendron velutinum e Stryphnodendron venosum.
Vieira, Leandro Manzoni. "Revisão taxonômica do gênero Scrupocellaria van Beneden (Bryozoa, Candidae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-01052013-152058/.
Full textThe genus Scrupocellaria sensu lato (Family Candidae) comprises about 92 species, 20 fossil and 72 Recent. Many of the species are morphologically similar or have been treated taxonomically as having a high degree of morphological plasticity, with distributions of many of the species being reported to be \"worldwide\". Despite the long taxonomic history of Scrupocellaria and its occurrence in habitats ranging from intertidal to deep water, taxonomic studies of the genus are scarce. Therefore the purpose of this study was: (i) to carry out a species survey of Scrupocellaria, (ii) to delimit the intraspecific morphological variations of species, (iii) to analyze the comparative morphology of Scrupocellaria in order to propose a hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships between species of the genus. This study included both colonies collected in various localities on Brazilian coast and material of non-Brazilian species deposited at scientific collections around the world. All specimens were studied by light microscopy. Some specimens were also chosen for study with the scanning electron microscope. Specimens studied included holotypes of 32 species, syntypes of 22 species and 1 lectotype. Some morphological characters were used for the first time to distinguish taxa, e.g. rhizoidal surface, size of abfrontal vibracula, and shape of lateral and frontal avicularia. The lectotype of Scrupocellaria reptans was selected to redescribe and define the identity of the type species of Scrupocellaria from specimens described by Carolus Linnaeus, and to show its distinction from a newly described species from North Sea by means of the shape of scuta, size of zooids and, occurence of rhizoids with retroussé hooks. Scrupocellaria jolloisii is reported by first time in the Atlantic Ocean and placed in the genus Licornia, a name resurrected to acommodate 9 species formerly placed in Scrupocellaria: Licornia annectens n. comb., Licornia cervicornis n. comb., Licornia cyclostoma n. comb., Licornia diadema n. comb., Licornia ferox n. comb., Licornia gaspari n. comb., Licornia longispinosa n. comb., Licornia macropora n. comb. e Licornia prolata n. comb. A new genus, N.gen.1, is described to include Scrupocellaria bertholletii. Twenty-six species, 19 of them described as new, are assigned to N.gen.1, and a taxonomic key for species of that genus is presented. A phylogenetic study using 35 morphological characters of 84 Candidae species suggests that the genus Scrupocellaria is a polyphyletic taxa and the genus N.gen.1 is a monophyletic taxa. Scrupocellaria \'sensu stricto\' is redefined according to four morphological features: vibracular chamber with curved setal groove, ooecium with a single ectooecial fenestra, two axillary vibracula and a membranous operculum with a distinct distal rim. Thus Scrupocellaria \'sensu stricto\' includes 10 species: Scrupocellaria aegeensis, Scrupocellaria delilii, Scrupocellaria harmeri, Scrupocellaria incurvata, Scrupocellaria inermis, Scrupocellaria intermedia, Scrupocellaria jullieni, Scrupocellaria minuta, Scrupocellaria scrupea, and Scrupocellaria scruposa. Five genera are erected to include other species previously assigned to Scrupocellaria; they are distinct in the shape of scuta and oral spines, the shape of vibracular chamber and the surface of ovicells. The study revealed a high diversity in some groups of Candidae and the necessity of additional studies on taxonomy and phylogeny of the family to provide a better understanding of distributions, morphological variation, and phylogenetic relationships between the taxa
Bocalini, Fernanda. "Revisão taxonômica e filogenia do complexo Cyphorhinus arada (Hermann, 1783) (Aves: Troglodytidae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-02062014-114153/.
Full textThe genus Cyphorhinus is a member of the Troglodytidae family, and their species range from Honduras, in Central America, to the North of Mato Grosso in Brazil and Northern Bolivia. Currently the genus comprises three species: C. thoracicus; C. phaeocephalus and C. arada. The C. arada complex is endemic form the Amazon forest and has eight recognized subspecies: C. a. arada, C. a. salvini, C. a. modulator, C. a. transfluvialis, C. a. interpositus, C. a. griseolateralis, C. a. urbanoi and C. a. faroensis. A large geographical variation has been detected in this group, both in plumage patterns and in the vocalizations; however, no extensive taxonomic review has been done so far. This genus also has eight other taxa, six in the C. phaeocephalus complex and two subordinates to C. thoracicus. A phylogeny encompassing the relationship of the three species of this genus has never been proposed. The objective of this project was to review the taxonomy of the Cyphorhinus arada complex based on morphological and vocal characters, as well as to propose a complete phylogenetic hypothesis of the Cyphorhinus genus. It has been analyzed 672 specimens and 179 tape-recordings of the entire genus. The taxonomic revision revealed that the C. arada complex could be divided into six diferent phylogenetic species; C. a. urbanoi and C. a. faroensis were synonymized into C. arada and the remaining subspecies (transfluvialis, modulator, salvini, interpositus and griseolateralis) had morphological and vocal characters that allowed us to consider them as a valid species. The geographic distribution pattern of these six species followed nearly the same pattern of the Amazonian areas of endemism. For the phylogenetic analyses, 19 integumentary (color patterns) and three vocal characters were assembled. Four equally parsimonious trees were obtained. The topology of strict consensus cladogram presented many polytomies; on it the monophyly of the genus was corroborated, C. t. thoracicus and C. t. dichrous form a clade that is the sister group of the remaining taxa as well as the C. phaeocephalus and C. arada complexes forms a monophyletic group together. The biogeographic analysis revealed that the relationship between the species of the C. arada complex and their corresponding areas of endemism are poorly supported by previous studies. Therefore, it is recommended to use other data from different sources, such as molecular and osteological, for a better understanding of the phylogenetic affinities of the valid taxa recognized in this study
Marcondes, Rafael Sobral. "Taxonomia e filogenia do gênero Aramides Pucheran, 1845 (Aves: Gruiformes: Rallidae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-04102013-102646/.
Full textThe genus Aramides is basal in the Rallidae and, as currently accepted, comprises seven medium- to large-bodied species found from southern Mexico to northern Argentina, with plumage mainly in tones of green, black, gray and chestnut, conspicuous vocalizations, and furtive, semiaquatic habits. Six of these species are monotypic and one, A. cajaneus, comprises nine subspecies, whose diagnoses and limits are unclear. The remaining species have never been studied as to their phenotypic variation. The relations between the species of the genus have been investigated only once in a cladistic framework, but this analyses presents some deficiencies. The aims of the present work were to revise the taxonomy of Aramides, in order to ascertain how many species are there in the genus, and to propose a phylogenetic hypothesis of relations between them. To do so, 1416 skins and 196 tape-recordings were studied. The taxonomic revision, under the diagnosability criterion, recognizes ten species, four of them formerly included in A. cajaneus: A. cajaneus (found from Argentina to Costa Rica), A. avicenniae (coast of São Paulo and Paraná states), A. plumbeicollis (Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Honduras), and A. albiventris (Honduras to Mexico). There is a complex zone of intergradation between A. albiventris and A. plumbeicollis. The treatment of the other six, monotypic species is maintained, but relevant plumage variation is described for A. mangle, A. ypecaha and especially A. wolfi. For the phylogenetic analyses, 22 integumentary and six vocal characters were assembled. Four analyses were performed under different outgroups and character sets. The strict consensus cladograms presented many polytomies, but some aspects were present in most of the analyses: A. axillaris and A. mangle are sister-groups, these and A. calopterus are basal in the genus, the A. cajaneus species complex is monophyletic, and A. wolfi is sister to this complex.
Fukuda, Marcelo Veronesi. "Contribuição ao conhecimento taxonômico dos silídeos (Polychaeta: Syllidae) da região sudeste-sul do Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-06102010-172147/.
Full textSyllidae Grube, 1850, is one of the largest polychaete families, comprehending relatively small-bodied errant animals, with homonomous segmentation and uniramous parapodia internally sustained by aciculae, exceptionally biramous in epitokous forms; located at the posterior part of the pharynx, the proventricle, a barrel-shaped muscular structure easily seen by transparency through the body wall, is one of the synapomorphies of the family. The group is notorious by the diversity of reproductive strategies, with representatives usually presenting the phenomena of epitoky, but external brooding of eggs, viviparity, parthenogenesis and architomy are all also found among syllids. Syllidae currently consists on 5 sub-families, Syllinae Grube, 1850, Autolytinae Langerhans, 1879, Exogoninae Langerhans, 1879, Eusyllinae Malaquin, 1893, and Anoplosyllinae Aguado & San Martín, 2009, defined by the morphology of the palps, antennae, peristomial and dorsal cirri, and by the shape of the pharynx and proventricle. Despite being one of the most abundant and diverse families of Polychaeta, the state of knowledge of the syllid fauna occurring off the Brazilian coast is still poor. Up to the present, only 25 genera and 84 species have been registered for the area, which is a relatively low number compared to regions where the syllid fauna has been more extensively investigated, as the Iberian Peninsula, for example. The present Thesis is a taxonomic study of the Syllidae from the southeasternsouthern coast off Brazil, based on material collected by three independent projects: REVIZEE/Score Sul/Bentos Marinho, BIOTA/FAPESP/Benthic Marine Biodiversity in the State of São Paulo, and Biodiversity of Intertidal Polychaetes (Annelida: Polychaeta) on Rocky Shores off the State of São Paulo. Identifications were based on morphological characters seen under compound light microscope and, in some cases, scanning electron microscope (SEM), with the aid of specialized and updated scientific literature. For some species, comparisons were made with type-material and specimens from other localities. Illustrations were done with the aid of drawing tubes and/or digital camera attached to the microscope, in addition to the SEM images, when available. Material examined consists of 10299 specimens, belonging to 24 genera and 83 species, of which 40 taxa are new occurrences for the Brazilian coast, and 15 species are new to science.
Alves, Tarsila Montrezoro. "Contribuição ao conhecimento taxonômico de Terebellidae e Trichobranchidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) da região Sudeste-Sul do Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-07072008-151557/.
Full textThe present Dissertation is the result of a taxonomic survey on the species of polychaetes belonging to the families Terebellidae and Trichobranchidae collected by the projects \"Biodiversity of Polychaetes on Rocky Shores along the coast off the State of São Paulo, Brazil\", \"Benthic Marine Biodiversity on the State of São Paulo\", and \"REVIZEE/South Score/Benthos\", ranging from the intertidal zone to deep sea environments, with the goal of enlarging the taxonomic knowledge of these families on the Southeastern and Southern coast of Brazil. Identifications were based on morphological characters, specimens were observed under stereo- and optic microscopes and, in some cases, scanning electron microscope, with the help of specialized literature. Identification keys and detailed descriptions, with illustrative tables, were elaborated for each species. In the present work, 8386 specimens were identified, belonging to 15 genera and 21 species, of which 14 genera and 18 species belonging to the family Terebellidae, subfamilies Terebellinae, Thelepodinae and Polycirrinae, and 1 genus and 3 species belonging to the family Trichobranchidae. Of those, 6 species of terebellids were new to science: Amaeana sp., Phisidia rubra Nogueira & Alves, 2006, Polycirrus sp., Pseudostreblosoma brevitentaculatum Nogueira & Alves, 2006, Terebella sp. 1 and Terebella sp. 2. The genus Phisidia Saint-Joseph, 1894 is new occurrence to Brazilian coast. Thus, the present Dissertation can be used as an identification guide to help researchers, not only specialists, in the identification of part of the species of Terebellidae and Trichobranchidae occurring on the Southeastern-Southern regions of Brazil. It is also supposed to help researchers with the identification of species from localities outside the geographic range of the three projects here investigated, as well as further ecological and biogeographic studies, enlarging the knowledge of the biodiversity of Terebellidae and Trichobranchidae occurring in Brazil and worldwide.
Castro, Luiz Alexandre Simões de. "Diversidade de ácaros límnicos (Acari: Parasitengonina: Hydracarina) do baixo rio Ribeira de Iguape, Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-08102013-111707/.
Full textLimnetic environments are biotipes of high biodiversity where a great variety of water mite taxa can be found. Their life cycle includes four phases: 1- parasitic larva, especially on insects; 2- quiescent protonymph and tritonymp; 3- predator deutonymph; and 4- adult, also predator. Despite of its ecological importance in aquatic communities, Hydracarina mites are poorly known in Brazil, with their diversity underestimated (373 species known til now). This study aims to inventory the fauna of the limnetic mites in water bodies of the coastal rain forest in the Ribeira de Iguape River (southern part of the State of São Paulo) in order to contribute for improvement of the knowledge of the group in the State. Three expeditions were performed in three areas: Campina do Encantado State Park, in Pariquera-Açu; Caverna do Diabo State Park, in Eldorado, and Ilha do Cardoso State Park, in Cananéia, from March 2011 through January 2012 to collect mites in lentic and lotic habitats. A total of 805 mites, distributed in six superfamilies, thirteen families, eighteen genera and 26 species were found. Taxonomic and morphological studies were performed using both optical phase contrast and scanning electron microscopy. Larval stages of Hydryphantes ramosus Daday and Clathrosperchon minor Lundblad are described. A dichotomous identification key of the fauna found based on adults is given.
Nascimento, Fabio Oliveira do. "Revisão taxonômica do gênero Leopardus Gray, 1842 (Carnivora, Felidae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-09122010-104050/.
Full textLeopardus Gray, 1842 has a wide geographic range in the Neotropical region and in the southern portion of the Neartic Region, occurring from the southernmost part of the United States throughout South America to Patagonia. To the present time eight species are recognized for this genus and, as for the majority of species of medium to large size mammals, the Neotropical cats of the genus Leopardus is often associated to a stable taxonomy; nevertheless a high morphological variation throughout its distributional range is evident. Despite the efforts to elucidate the taxonomy of the genus Leopardus by different authors along many decades, there are disagreements in recognizing the number of taxa at generic and specific levels, what has originated an extensive diversity of taxonomical schemes. Aiming to characterize the taxa in its morphological and morphometric aspects; to describe intra and interspecific variation; to establish the distributional range of each recognized species; to provide a synonym and to attribute valid names that can be assigned to the species I analyzed 591 specimens of Leopardus deposited in several scientific collections in Brazil and abroad. I checked 29 cranial measurements and analyzed 14 morphological traits. In order to investigate inter and intraspecific variations; the existence of sexual dimorphism and geographical divergence, I submitted cranial and morphological data to uni and multivariate statistic tests. From the gathered data I recognized 16 valid species for the genus Leopardus. I elevated all four subspecies of Leopardus tigrinus to species level (Leopardus tigrinus, L. guttulus, L. oncilla, L. pardinoides); for L. pajeros I defined as valid the species L. pajeros, L. budini, L. garleppi, and for L. braccatus I considered the subspecies L. bracattus munoai as a full species - L. munoai. Leopardus pardalis is restricted to Nicaragua and north from it and has a mainly grayish pelage, whereas the southern species herein named Leopardus mittis presents a yellowish brown shade. In this taxonomical arrangement six species can be found in the Brazilian territory (L. mittis, L. tigrinus, L. wiedii, L. guttulus, L. geoffroyi, L. braccatus).
Ananias, Carlos Diego Neves. "Diversidade de Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) entre as regiões Sul e Nordeste do Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-11042017-151718/.
Full textSerpulidae Rafinesque, 1815 is one of the most easily recognizable families of polychaetes, because these animals live in calcareous tubes and have the body divided into three well-defined regions, the branchial crown, thorax and abdomen, usually with an operculum, which closes the mouth of the tube when the branchial crown is retracted, and a thoracic membrane, which is an extension of the collar dorsally, extending along the thorax for a variable number of chaetigers. Serpulids are very abundant in Brazil and important in the fouling community, coating rocks, algae and other structures which provide the appropriate substrate for the installation of these animals, being one of the major groups of polychaetes in bioinvasion studies. Our understanding on the phylogenetic relationships within Serpulidae and between the family and the closely related Fabriciidae Rioja, 1923 and Sabellidae Latreille, 1825 has changed through time; currently, based on both morphological and molecular studies, serpulids are regarded as the sister group of Fabriciidae and this clade is sister to Sabellidae. The present study is one of the first taxonomic studies dealing specifically with the Family Serpulidae along the Brazilian coast, aiming to identify and describe the species found between the southern and northeastern regions; 443 specimens were analyzed, belonging to ten genera and 16 species, of which one species is firstly reported for Brazilian waters and another is new to science
Vieira, Leandro Manzoni. "Sistemática e distribuição dos briozoários marinhos do litoral de Maceió, Alagoas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-12122008-103654/.
Full textChiara, Felipe Ramon Podadera De. "Diversidade dos silídeos (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Syllidae) associados ao fital no litoral de São Sebastião - SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-12122017-165235/.
Full textThe family Syllidae, in spite of being among the most diverse and abundant groups of polychaetes, has only about 140 species registered for off the Brazilian coast, which is a low number, considering the extension of our coast and the number of species found in places where the syllids have been more thoroughly analyzed. The present study is a taxonomic survey on the syllids occurring on an environment which has been rarely studied in Brazil so far, the phytal. The study was carried out off some beaches off São Sebastião, on the northern coast of the state of São Paulo. In addition to the characterization of the species found, some patterns of specific associations between certain species of algae and some syllids have been observed, some of those relationships are already known for certain localities around the world, but were rarely reported for the Brazilian coast. Among all the species analyzed, one new occurrence off the Brazilian coast and four species new to science were found
Caires, Rodrigo Antunes. "Revisão taxonômica, anatomia esquelética e filogenia do gênero Microphilypnus Myers, 1927 (Teleostei: Gobiiformes: Eleotridae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-15102012-082621/.
Full textThis project entails a study on taxonomy, skeletal anatomy and phylogeny of Microphilypnus Myers, 1927 (Teleostei: Gobiidae: Eleotrinae). Members from this genus are very common in tributaries of the Orinoco and the Amazon Basin, but remained poorly known in taxonomic terms. Two of the three nominal species have been validated, a new species and two undescribed species were discovered: Microphilypnus ternetzi Myers (Negro, Orinoco, Amazon, Madeira, Tapajos, and Tocantins basins) (M. amazonicus Myers is a junior synonym); Microphilypnus macrostoma Myers (Negro and Orinoco basins); Microphilypnus acangaquara Caires & Figueiredo (lower Tapajós); Microphilypnus sp. 1 (lower Tapajós) and Microphilypnus sp. 2 (Aripuanã River). The study of skeletal anatomy was based on 17 cleared and stained specimens; it was found that the bone structures are similar to those of other members of Gobioidei, and it is postulated that species of this genus miniaturized by neoteny. For phylogenetic analysis, all Microphilypnus species and Gobiodei taxa from the institutions CAS, INPA, MZUSP and USNM were examined, totaling 56 terminals and 145 morphological characters. Phylogenetic analysis resulted in 43 most parsimonious trees with 1072 steps, CI = 0.22 and RI: 0.57. The relationships among Microphilypnus species that were retrieved in cladogram were: (Microphilypnus macrostoma (M. ternetzi (Microphilypnus sp. 1 (M. acangaquara + Microphilypnus sp. 2))), indicating a possibly parapatric speciation in this genus. In strict consensus, Microphilypnus figured in a polytomy other eleotrins, but in the majority-rule consensus it was nested with two freshwater genera: Leptophilypnus, from the Central America, and Philypnodon, from Australia, suggesting that invasion of freshwater in this genus may have been ancient. In the phylogenetic hypothesis of this project, Eleotrinae figured as a non-monophyletic group, with Gobiomorus constituting a more basal branch; Gobiidae emerged as a monophyletic group, but not the subfamilies Gobiinae, Gobionellinae and Gobiosomatini. Diagnostic characters and the relationships of Eleotrinae and subfamilies of Gobiidae are discussed herein. Additional phylogenetic studies based on morphological data are also proposed
Corrêa, Aline Henrique. "Taxonomia e distribuição geográfica dos representantes do gênero Pulsatrix Kaup, 1848 (Aves: Strigidae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-15122016-115143/.
Full textThe genus Pulsatrix Kaup 1848 belongs to the Family Strigidae. The family is represented by owls. Pulsatrix has a neotropical distribution and consists of nine taxa, characterized by their large size, dark-coloured head, without “ear tufs” and a clear and contrasting eyebrow in the facial disc. Among the three currently accepted species, Pulsatrix koeniswaldiana is monotypic and restricted of rainforest. Pulsatrix melanota is limited to the tropical Andes, with two subspecies, and Pulsatrix perspicillata is widely istributed throughout Central and South America. It possesses a high degree of morphological variation throughout its distribution and is represented by six subspecies. However, a taxonomic revision for the genus has never been undertaken and the distribution limits of the taxa differ widely in the literature. We studied 475 specimens housed in the main ornithological in the world. The morphological variation was extensively studied and we were able to determine only three monotypical species: P. perspicillata (Latham, 1790), P. melanota (Tschudi, 1844) and P. koeniswaldiana (Bertoni & Bertoni, 1901), and the distribution of each taxa was updated
Giovannetti, Victor. "Revisão taxonômica de Galeocharax Fowler, 1910 (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Characiformes)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-18032015-150106/.
Full textGaleocharax Fowler is a genus of freshwater fishes distributed throughout most South American cis-Andean river systems, except the rio São Francisco and rio Xingu basins and the eastern drainages of Brazil. The species reach up to 25 cm in length, and feed on fishes and invertebrates. They reproduce throughout the year, and do not seem to show any parental care or migratory behaviour. Four species have been considered as valid in the genus: Galeocharax humeralis (Valenciennes, 1834), from rio Paraguay and lower rio Paraná basins; Galeocharax gulo (Cope, 1870), from rio Amazonas and rio Tocantins basins; Galeocharax knerii (Steindachner, 1878), from upper rio Paraná basin and Galeocharax goeldii from rio Madeira basin. A previous study suggested the existence of a possible non described species of Galeocharax from the rio Orinoco basin. In addition, a preliminary examination of recently collected specimens revealed that the genus is more widely distributed than previously registred. In addition the overlap of some diagnostic characteristic for some species was observed. The main objective of the current study was to undertake a taxonomic revision of Galeocharax in order to determine how many species can be considered as valid and to estimate their geographical distributions. A total of 1226 specimens were examined from which 677 had meristic ans morphometric data taken. Osteological and morfological features were examined by in radiographs, scanning eletron microscope images and in dissected cleared and stained specimens. Three species are recognized as valid: Galeocharax humeralis, Galeocharax goeldii, with records of geographical distibution expanded to the rio Madre de Dios, rio Beni, rio Mamoré and rio Guaporé basins and Galeocharax gulo, which is widespread throughout rio Amazonas, rio Orinoco, rio Tocantins and upper rio Paraná basins. The examination of specimens performed in the current study, including specimens from localities not sampled previously showed that both characteristics used to differentiate Galeocharax gulo form Galeocharax knerii, (i.e. body depth and number of teeth on the posterior row of the dentary) show almost total overlap of their range of variation. Therefore, Galeocharax knerii is herein considered as a junior synonym of Galeocharax gulo. The morphology of the bony hooks present in the anal and pelvic fins of mature males and in the anal fin of some females and the morphology of the spinoid scales were illustrated and characterized. An identification key to the species of Galeocharax is presented
Matos, Lilian Duarte de. "Revisão taxonômica das espécies de Cycloramphus do grupo eleutherodactylus (Anura, Cycloramphidae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-19012012-155624/.
Full textThe Cycloramphidae family includes anurans distributed in the northeastern, southeastern, and northwestern Brazil to Bolivia, Paraguay, Chile, and Argentina. The genus Cycloramphus is part of this family and includes streams dweller and forest litter dweller species from the Atlantic Forest in eastern Brazil. The most recent taxonomic revision of the group occurred about 25 years ago and indicated the presence of morphological variation in Cycloramphus eleutherodactylus - the species with broader distribution in the genus. The available sample did not allow then to assess whether these variations were indicative of specific differences, though. In this study 16 morfometric caracters and 13 qualitative characters of 368 specimens of Cycloramphus from 46 locations different locations were analyzed. Based on observation and multivariate analysis, the study showed that two new species should be recognized among the forms currently identified as Cycloramphus eleutherodactylus. This discovery is extremely important to the views of taxonomic, evolutionary and conservation. Cycloramphus eleutherodactylus is ranked in the list of endangered species under categories deficient data. This study contributes with new data the species complex, on the patterns of differentiation in frogs with terrestrial reproduction of the Atlantic Forest, and the history of this endangered habitat.
Piacentini, Vítor de Queiroz. "Taxonomia e distribuição geográfica dos representantes do gênero Phaethornis Swainson, 1827 (Aves: Trochilidae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-20012012-093625/.
Full textPhaethornis Swainson is the genus with the second highest number of taxa within the family Trochilidae (hummingbirds) and currently includes 55 taxa belonging to 25 species. Historically, there hasn\'t been a consensus on Phaethornis taxonomy, and some taxa remain controversial because they were treated as either hybrids or synonyms. Likewise, the treatment of some taxa as subspecies rather then full species is still debatable. The uncertainty about the species limits within Phaethornis makes it difficult to establish the geographic distribution of each taxon. Thus, to review the taxonomy of the genus, I analyzed the external morphology (plumage and morphometry) of 9,578 specimens housed in 33 museums worldwide. In total, herein 55 taxa are treated as valid, including the inclusion of \"Anopetia\" gounellei in Phaethornis. The purported taxa paraguayensis, hyalinus, zonura, riojae, insolitus, and cephalus, which were all treated as subspecies in the most recent revision by C. Hinkelmann, presented no valid diagnosis, and therefore were all lumped with other taxa. However, five distinct populations were split from their sister populations, requiring the resurrection of the names huallagae, maranhaoensis, insignis, camargoi, and aethopyga (previously treated as hybrid). The new Phaethornis species limits have changed the known geographic distributions of several taxa, such as P. amazonicus, P. striigularis complex, P. ruber-stuarti complex, and P. superciliosus complex. Analysis of the extant type specimens and all original descriptions indicated that the name Trochilus ruber Linnaeus has been wrongly applied during the last century. It further allowed the rediscovery of two names overlooked after their publication: Trochilus maxillosus Nordmann, 1835 and Phaethornis lodoicae Eudes-Deslongchamps, 1879. Lastly, two populations known by a single specimen each (groups guy and superciliosus) may represent new taxa, but their taxonomic status awaits the collection of additional material.
García, Jimmy Jair Cabra. "Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the spider genus Glenognatha Simon, 1887 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-20032014-082237/.
Full textA revisão taxonômica e análise cladística do gênero Glenognatha Simon, 1887 é apresentada. A análise é baseada em uma matriz que inclui 24 espécies de Glenognatha, oito representantes do grupo externo, incluindo três gêneros da subfamília Tetragnathinae e um de Metainae, e 82 caracteres morfológicos. Oito sinapomorfias não ambíguas sustentam a monofilia de Glenognatha, todas não homoplásticas. Alguns clados internos dentro do gênero são bem suportados e suas relações são discutidas. O gênero Glenognatha apresenta uma ampla distribuição ocupando as regiões Neártica, Neotropical, Afrotropical, Indo-Malaya, Australasia e Oceania. Vinte e sete espécies de Glenognatha são reconhecidas, quatro delas somente conhecidas por machos. Novos dados morfológicos são fornecidos para a descrição de treze espécies previamente conhecidas. Onze espécies novas são descritas: G. sp. nov. 1, G. sp. nov. 3, G. sp. nov. 4 e G. sp. nov. 7 do sudeste do Brasil, G. sp. nov. 6, G. sp. nov. 9 e G. sp. nov. 10 da região Amazônica, G. sp. nov. 2, G. sp. nov. 5 e G. sp. nov. 8 do norte da cordilheira dos Andes e G. sp. nov. 11 da região central do México e sul dos Estados Unidos. As fêmeas de G. minuta Banks, 1898, G. gaujoni Simon, 1895 e G. gloriae (Petrunkevitch, 1930) e os machos de G. globosa (Petrunkevitch, 1925) e G. hirsutissima (Berland, 1935) são descritos por primeira vez. São propostas três novas combinações em congruência com os resultados da análise cladística: Glenognatha argyrostilba (O. P.-Cambridge, 1876), Glenognatha dentata (Zhu & Wen, 1978) e Glenognatha tangi (Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003), todas previamente incluídas no gênero Dyschiriognatha. Quatro sinonímias são propostas: Dyschiriognatha montana Simon, 1897, Glenognatha mira Bryant, 1945 e Glenognatha maelfaiti Baert, 1987 com Glenognatha argyrostilba (O. P.-Cambridge, 1876) e Glenognatha centralis Chamberlin, 1925 com Glenognatha minuta Banks, 1898. É apresentada uma chave para a identificação e mapas de distribuição para as espécies
Biffi, Gabriel. "Análise cladística de Chauliognathini sensu Miskimen, 1961 e revisão de Microdaiphron Pic, 1926 (Coleoptera, Cantharidae, Chauliognathinae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-22032018-151227/.
Full textThe subfamily Chauliognathini Champion, 1914 is composed of two tribes: Chauliognathini LeConte, 1861 e Ichthyurini Champion, 1915. In Miskimen\'s (1961) classification the species of each tribe differ in terms of the length of elytra, which may are long, covering the abdomen (Chauliognathini) or very short, exposing the wings and abdominal tergites (Ichthyurini). Alternatively, Magis & Wittmer (1974) proposed that the tribes should be defined based on characters of the abdomen and genitalia of males. In this proposal, part of the Ichthyurini genera was transferred to Chauliognathini. However, a cladistic analysis conducted in order to test the monophyly of Chauliognathini sensu Magis & Wittmer indicated that the group is not monophyletic, recovering the groups according to Miskimen\'s proposal (Biffi 2012). The classification of the genera in Ichthyurini is reliable, with taxonomic revisions available for most of them. However, the taxonomy of Chauliognathini is chaotic, with few genera that do not represent the group\'s morphological diversity accordingly. The approximately 900 species and subspecies are mainly allocated in a single genus, Chauliognathus Hentz, 1830, whose imprecise definition covers all the species of Chauliognathini. A new proposal of homologies for the aedeagus of Chauliognathinae is presented. This is the main structure used by some authors to delimit the tribes and genera. Then, a cladistic analysis of Chauliognathini is proposed in order to verify the phylogenetic positioning of its species and to present morphological characters that may support new classifications for the genera. Species representative of the great morphological diversity and the wide geographic distribution were sampled, including the type species of all genera and subgenera. The results confirm the monophyly of Chauliognathini and Ichthyurini as sister groups, according to Miskimen\'s proposal. We discuss the possibilities of redefining or proposing new genera, with a redistribution of species. Finally, a taxonomic revision of Microdaiphron Pic, 1926, is presented. Ten species are recognized as valid, two of them proposed as new species, and 23 species or subspecies are proposed as synonyms. Redescriptions, illustrations and a distribution map are presented for all species
Giroti, André Marsola. "Revisão taxonômica das aranhas neotropicais do gênero Ariadna Audouin, 1826 (Araneae, Segestriidae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-24032014-101512/.
Full textThe genus Ariadna Audouin, 1826 currently comprises 99 of the 119 described species of Segestriidae. Its distribution comprises all continents (except Antarctica), but is found most on the tropical and subtropical regions. In this study, a taxonomic revision of Ariadna in the Neotropical region is presented, together with detailed descriptions of the body morphology, and male and female genitalia. After the examination of nearly 2200 type and non-type specimens from 24 national and international collections, we detected 30 species taxonomically valid for the Neotropical region, 22 previously described and eight new: Ariadna sp. n. 1, Ariadna sp. n. 3, Ariadna sp. n. 4, Ariadna sp. n. 6, Ariadna sp. n. 7 e Ariadna sp. n. 8 from Brazil; Ariadna sp. n. 2 from Central America e Ariadna sp. n. 5 from Chile. The following taxa are newly synonymized: A. pragmatic with A. bicolor, A. gracilis and A. conspersa with A. obscura, A. murphyi with A. tarsalis, A. pusilla with A. maxima, A. dubia with A. boliviana, e A. spinifera with A. mollis. Two species were proposed as nomina dubia: A. solitaria and A. tubicola. The allotype of A. crassipalpa described by Camargo (1950) and the paratype of A. levii described by Grismado (2008) were identified as A. mollis and A. maxima, respectively. The male of A. cephalotes and the female of A. calilegua are described for the first time. Twenty five species were placed in six groups: bicolor group, arthuri group, mollis group, boliviana group, araucana group and sp. n. 6 group, based in putative synapomorphies between the species. Five species were not placed in any of the groups due to the incompatibility between the morphological characters presented by them and the grouped species: A. maxima, A. cephalotes, A. tovarensis, A. fidicina and A. abrilae. The grouping hypothesis presented in this study, reinforced the position of some of the species grouped by Beatty (1970)
Najmanová, Veronika. "Datový standard XBRL." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72033.
Full textSerin, Bilge. "Taxonomy Of Design Control Tools." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612177/index.pdf.
Full textKarkkila, H. (Harri). "Consumer pre-purchase decision taxonomy." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2008. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514287985.
Full textMorris, Beryl. "Physiology and taxonomy of blowflies." Title page, summary and contents only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09A/09am875.pdf.
Full textGandhi, Sulma. "Taxonomy for guidelines of healthcare." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ58531.pdf.
Full textPang, Eva Y. "Developing a quality improvement taxonomy." Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03122009-040520/.
Full textKim, Bongcheol. "Polyphasic taxonomy of thermophilic actinomycetes." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1757.
Full textScholfield, Claire Ingrid. "Molecular Taxonomy of the Rhodophyta." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310158.
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