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1
Linder, Tyler R. "Rotational Study of Ambiguous Taxonomic Type Asteroids." Thesis, The University of North Dakota, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10616215.
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Researchers have been categorizing asteroids by color for decades in an attempt to better understand asteroid composition and potential links to the meteorite population. However, only recently through large data collection surveys like the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) has the asteroid population as a whole been studied. This research will look at a subset of asteroids with the highest reflectivity differences as reported by Carvano et al. (2010) in order to answer the question: Can visible wavelength ambiguous taxonomic asteroid types be an indicator of a non-homogeneous surface?
This research studied asteroid 2453 (Wabash) in great detailed with visible spectrophotometry and near-infrared spectra. The results show that although a minor non-homogeneous surface was identified the non-homogenous surface is the not the primary source of the SDSS detected taxonomic variation.
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Roop, Roy Martin. "A taxonomic study of the genus Campylobacter." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71253.
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One hundred and eighteen (118) Campylobacter strains were studied by DNA homology experiments and characterized phenotypically. These strains formed eleven (11) distinct DNA homology groups (species) corresponding to C. fetus, C. "hyointestinalis", C. jejuni, C. coli, C. laridis, C. nitrofigilis, C. sputorum, C. mucosalis, C. concisus, and two unnamed groups currently referred to as the aerotolerant campylobacters and the "catalase-negative or weak" (CNW) strains. For practical reasons, we propose retaining the subspecies fetus and venerealis designations for C. fetus. In addition, we propose that the subspecies sputorum and bubulus designations for C. sputorum be dropped and replaced with biovars sputorum, bubulus and fecalis, the latter biovar including the catalase-positive strains formerly known as C. “fecalis". Biotyping schemes are also presented for C. jejuni and C. coli.
Growth at 25 and 42°C, sensitivity to nalidixic acid and cephalothin, growth in semisolid medium containing 1% glycine, 1% oxgall or 3.5% NaCl, growth in a semisolid minimal medium (MM), anaerobic growth in 0.1% trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), H₂S production in Sulfide-Indole-Motility (SIM) medium, or on triple sugar iron (TSI) agar slants, hippurate hydrolysis, aerobic growth on agar plates, a requirement for H₂ or formate for microaerophilic growth or H₂ or formate and fumarate for anaerobic growth, alkaline phosphatase activity, and deoxyribonuclease (DNase) activity proved to be the most useful phenotypic characteristics for identifying these strains at the species, subspecies and biovar levels.Ph. D.
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Rossel, Gerda. "Taxonomic-linguistic study of plantain in Africa /." Leiden : Research school CNWS, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41136068g.
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Sitjà, Poch Cèlia. "The bathyal connections between the Mediterranean Sea and the Northeastern Atlantic Ocean: An assessment using deep-water sponges as a case study." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672200.
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The general outline of this thesis was to assess the potential of the Mediterranean water masses to transport deep-sea fauna towards the Atlantic Ocean. By examining the effects that the bathyal water mases moving from the Eastern Mediterranean basin towards the Northeastern Atlantic Ocean may have on the relationships of the deep-water sponge fauna, a case study is provided. Prior to using the sponge fauna as a deep-water biogeographic tool, new collections of deep-sea sponges needed to be conducted in order to increase the faunal resolution at the two most important transitional areas across the bathyal trajectory from the Eastern Mediterranean to the Atlantic, the Strait of Gibraltar and the Strait of Sicily, which remained poorly studied.
In this context, the specific objectives of this thesis were as it follows:
1. To complete the previous limited knowledge on the deep-water sponge fauna at key transition areas along the trajectory of the bathyal water mases.
1.1. To provide the missing qualitative and quantitative knowledge of the bathyal sponge fauna at the most Eastern-Atlantic side of the Strait of Gibraltar, focusing on a mud volcano system at the Gulf of Cádiz that spans the entire range of bathyal depths.
1.2. To underpin the qualitative knowledge of the deep-water sponge fauna at the most Western-Mediterranean side of the Strait of Gibraltar, focusing on the deep shelf and upper slope of the Alboran Island.
1.3. To underpin the qualitative knowledge of the deep-water sponge fauna at the Eastern-Mediterranean side of the Strait of Sicily, focusing on the deep shelf and slope of the Maltese Islands.
1.4. To put into practice basic genetic techniques to aid in the identification of species that remain unresolvable through the classical phenetic approach, providing an example case for a more integrative sponge taxonomy.
2. To assess the effects of local environmental variables on the qualitative and quantitative distribution of abundances of the sponges across a complete bathymetric bathyal range, focussing on the mud volcanoes of the Gulf of Cádiz as a case study.
3. To examine the affinities of the deep-water sponge fauna across the trajectory of the bathyal water masses running from the Eastern Mediterranean to the Northeastern Atlantic.
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Chikuni, Augustine Charles. "A taxonomic study of Brachystegia benth. (Caesalpinioideae-leguminosae)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297896.
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Giraldo, López Dixie Alejandra. "Taxonomic study of clinical and environmental isolates of arthroconidial, acremonium-like and ochroconis-like fungi." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/292251.
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En aquets tesis es vol enfocar en l'estudi dels géneres fúngics Acremonium, Arthrographis, Arthropsis, Ochroconis,
Sarocladium, Scytalidium i Verruconis. Alguns d'ells són ocasionalment aïllats de mostres clíbiques, encara què,
l'espectre real de les seves espècies en l'area clínica es poc coneguda, sumant-li la seva difícil identificació i
complexa taxonomia. Es van estudiar un total de 248 aïllats, 131 obtingust de mostres clíniques o de sòls i 117
corresponents a soques tipus o de referència de col.leccions internacionals de cultius. La caracterizació fenotípica
dels aïllats es va realitzar a traves de l'observació de les seves característiques macroscópiques i microscópiques. La
identificació molecular, mitjacant la seqüenciació de les regions ribosomals ITS i LSU. Per obtenir una millor resolució
filogenética entre algunes espècies, es van seqüenciar regions parcials d'altres gens (actina, tubulina, factor de
elongació, RNA polimerasa i quitina sintasa). L'activitat in vitro d'alguns antifúngics va a ser evaluata front a espècies
de Arthrographis, Arthropsis, Ochroconis i Scytalidium. Apart de les espècies comunment conegudes com a patògens
oportunistes A. kalrae i V. gallopava, altres espècies no conegudas previament a partir de mostres clíniques vàren ser
identificades (Arthropsis hispanica, Sarocladium terricola, Scytalidium cuboideum i Ochroconis cordanae). Incluint les
noves espècies descrites aquí: Acremonium dimorphosporum, A. moniliforme, Arthrographis chlamydospora, A.pseudostrictum i S. subulatum. Adicionalment, quatre géneres nous, Acremoniopsis, Brunneomyces, Cervusimilis i Collarina i 16 nous taxons, Acremoniopsis suttonii, Acremonium asperulatum, A. citrinum, A: parvum, A: pilosum, A. variecolor, Brunneomyces brunnescens, B. hominis, B. europaeus, Cervusimilis alba, Collarina aurantiaca, Ochroconis icarus, Sarocladium gamsii, S. implicatum, S. summerbellii i S. terricola, vàren ser descrits de mostres de diferents origens. En general, les proves de sensibilitat antifúngica mostrar que la terbinafina va ser la droga més activa davant les espècies avaluades, excepte per S. cuboideum, on el posaconazol va a mostrar la millor activitat En esta tesis nos enfocamos en el estudio de los géneros fúngicos Acremonium, Arthrographis, Arthropsis, Ochroconis, Sarocladium, Scytalidium y Verruconis. Algunos de ellos son ocasionalmente aislados de muestras clínicas, sin embargo, el espectro real de sus especies en el área clínica es poco conocido, sumado a su difícil identificación y compleja taxonomía. Se estudiaron un total de 248 aislados, 131 obtenidos de muestras clínicas o de suelos y 117 correspondientes a cepas tipo o de referencia de colecciones internacionales de cultivos. La caracterización fenotípica de los aislados se realizó a través de la observación de sus características macroscópicas y microscópicas, y la identificación molecular, mediante la secuencación de las regiones ribosomales ITS y LSU. Para obtener una mejor resolución filogenética entre algunas especies, se secuenciaron regiones parciales de otros genes (actina, tubulina, factor de elongación, RNA polimerasa II y quitina sintasa). La actividad in vitro de varios antifúngicos fue evaluada frente a especies de Arthrographis, Arthropsis, Ochroconis y Scytalidium. Aparte de las especies comunmente reportadas como patógenos oportunistas, Arthrographis kalrae y Verruconis gallopava, otras especies no reportadas previamente a partir de muestras clínicas fueron identificadas (Arthropsis hispanica, Sarocladium terricola, Scytalidium cuboideum y Ochroconis cordanae), incluyendo las nuevas especies descritas aquí:
Ochroconis olivacea, O. ramosa, Sarocladium bifurcatum, S. hominis, S. pseudostrictum y S. subulatum. Adicionalmente, cuatro géneros nuevos, Acremoniopsis, Brunneomyces, Cervusimilis y Collarina, y 16 nuevos taxones, Acremoniopsis suttonii, Acremonium asperulatum, A. citrinum, A. parvum, A. pilosum, A: variecolor, Brunneomyces brunnescens, B. hominis, B. europaeus, Cervusimilis alba, Collarina aurantiaca, Ochroconis icarus, Sarocladium gamsii, S. implicatum, S. sumerbellii y S. terricola, fueron descritos de muestras de diversos orígenes. En general, las pruebas de sensibilidad antifúngica revelaron que la terbinafina fué la droga más activa frente a las especies evaluadas, excepto para S. cuboideum, donde el posaconazol mostró la mejor actividad. In this thesis, we have studied the fungal genera Acremonium, Arthrographis, Arthropsis, Ochroconis, Sarocladium, Scytalidium and Verruconis. Some of them are occasionally recovered from clinical specimens, but the real spectrum of their species in the clinical setting is poorly known. Furthermore, the scarce morphological differentiation of their species make difficult their identification and taxonomy. A total of 248 isolates were studied. 131 obtained from clinical or soil samples and 117 corresponding to type or reference strains from international culture collections. Phenotypical characterization was performed by the observation of their macroscopic and microscopic features in artificial media. Molecular identification was assessed by sequencing of two ribosomal regions (ITS and partial LSU). To obtain deeper phylogenetic resolution of some species, fragments of different loci were also used (actin, tubulin, translation elongation factor, RNA polymerase II and chitin syntase). The in vitro activity of several antifungal drugs was evaluated against Arthrographis, Arthropsis, Ochroconis and Scytalidium species. Apart from the commonly reported opportunistic species Arthrographis kalrae and Verruconis gallopava, other species never associated before to clinical specimens were identified (Arthropsis hispanica, Sarocladium terricola, Scytalidium cuboideum, Ochroconis
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Dawson, Christine A. "Taxonomy and identification of the genus Vibrio." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/35331.
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A probability matrix for computer-assisted identification of vibrios has been constructed, based on the API20E system. Data were gathered from 173 strains representing 31 taxa of vibrios and related organisms, from a variety of sources. The matrix was tested internally by four statistical programs. Program OVERMAT and program MOSTTYP tested the separation and homogeneity of the taxa. Most of the taxa were satisfactory but a few were less so; reasons for this are discussed. Program CHARSEP and program DIACHAR tested the separation and diagnostic values, respectively, of the 50 characters used and from the results a shorter diagnostic test set was drawn up. The overall test error rate was 4.5%. The matrix was assessed externally by its performance in the identification of vibrio-like strains isolated from freshwater. The overall success rate for identification was 84%, using a Willcox score of ?0.99. The data generated for 172 of the reference strains and 243 wild strains were subjected to numerical taxonomic analysis. The main purpose of these analyses was to verify the quality of the identification scheme. Nevertheless the results produced were in good agreement with those of more detailed taxonomic studies. The taxonomic position of some named and some unnamed groups of Vibrio and Aeromonas was clarified, and taxa showing poor distinction were highlighted. An ecological survey was carried out to determine the distribution and seasonal occurrence of vibrios in various freshwater sites in the U.K. The results showed that species of vibrio both pathogenic and non-pathogenic for man, are widely distributed in rivers and canals. Some of the species considered to be indigenous to the waters. The role of these organisms in the freshwater environment remains to be determined.
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JURÁŇ, Josef. "Floristic-taxonomic study of the Euglenophytes." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-393316.
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Yang, Ya-Zu, and 楊雅如. "Taxonomic study of Morus in Taiwan." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95738902318523399950.
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碩士國立中興大學
生命科學院碩士在職專班
94
The indigenous and naturalized plants of Morus in Taiwan would be identified as the two species: M. alba and M. australis. They often grow in the open fields of lowlands and up to the mountains of median elevation. There are 10 taxa to be introduced and cultivated in Taiwan, i.e., M. alba var. macrophylla, var. pendula, var. pyramidalis, var. venosa; M. bombycis cv. ‘Aurantus’ ; M. mongolica var. diabolica; M. Multicaulis; M. nigra, M. nigra cv. ‘Longiflora’ ; M. rubra. These plants are highly morphologically variable and result in many species complexes distributing widely. Therefore, they are somewhat difficult to identify. Each taxonomist had suggested the different systematic treatments of the Morus plants in Taiwan. In order to understand the mechanism of speciation and the interrelationship among species, we employ the RAPD method to study those plants of 25 populations collected from Taiwan. The RAPD dendrogram reveals the genetic similarity coefficients of them being between 0.38-0.89. Most evolutionary variations mainly appear among the individuals of those plants, and they show different genetic combinations; the different environments of their sites affect their internal genetic genes and derive into the various gene flows. According to the studies of our collecting materials, we could find the hybrids reproduced from the parental species of M. alba and M. australis or M. australis and M. multicaulis. Their occurrence could be supported by the data of their morphological characteristics and RAPD analysis. The economical values and medicinal resources of those plants would also be studied. All results could be used for the sustainable utilization of Morus plant resources in Taiwan.
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Chen, Chi Yung, and 陳志勇. "Taxonomic Study of the Taiwan Neritidae." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64654620671345717284.
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碩士國立臺灣師範大學
生物研究所
91
In this report, Neritids of Taiwan are classified into 5 genera base on their operculum, radulae, shell characters and sequence analysis of 16S rDNA. Observing the characters of operculum, Septaria was grouped into one taxon. Then examining the radulae, Clithon, Nerita, Neritina amd Smaragdia are separated into four different taxon. But radulae is not unobvious to be separated Clithon and Neritina, this study uses the 16S rDNA sequence analysis to help the classification of Neritina and Clithon. The final step, identifying the traits of the shell, this report classifies the Neritidae into 5 genera and 42 species. 1. Genus Clithon: 6 species. 2. Genus Nerita: 20 species. (2 Spp. New record) 3. Genus Neritina: 9 species. (2 Spp. New record) 4. Genus Septaria: 4 species. (1 Spp. New record) 5. Genus Smaragdia: 2 species. (1 Spp. New record) New records : Nerita helicinoides tristis (Pilsbry, 1901)、Nerita rumphii Rècluz, 1841、Neritina crepiduralia (Lamarck, 1818)、Neritina waigiensis (Lesson, 1831)、Septaria cumingiana (Rècluz, 1843) and Smaragdia paulucciana Gassies, 1870。
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Liu, Chen-Ju, and 劉貞汝. "Taxonomic Study of Piptocephalidaceae in Taiwan." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99321654231164645352.
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碩士國立臺北教育大學
自然科學教育學系
103
Members of Piptocephalidaceae (Zoopagales, Zoopagomycotina) are obligate mycoparasites, mostly growing on mucorales isolated from soil and dung of many sorts of animals, chiefly herbivora and glires. This family includes Kuzuhaea, Piptocephalis and Syncephalis. It is necessary to transfer Piptocephalidaceae fungi with its host to culture them together, or they will die. In this study, 1271 soil and 125 dung samples were collected from Taiwan. According to morphological characters, Piptocephalis freseniana、Syncephalis cornu, S. depressa, S. obliqua, S. intermedia, S. sphaerica, S. tenuis, S. vivipara S. sp. nov. 1, S. sp. nov. 2, S. sp. nov. 3, S. sp. nov. 4 were identified. Hosts found in this study are family as Cunninghamella, Fusarium, Mortierella, Mucor. A key of the Piptocephalidaceae were also constructed.
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Chen, Yi-Ting, and 陳怡婷. "Taxonomic Study of Umbelopsis in Taiwan." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64676294370750091405.
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碩士國立臺北教育大學
自然科學教育學系
103
The main object of this study is the genus Umbelopsis ( Umbelopsidaceae , Mucorales,Mucoromycotina, Fungi) from Taiwan. They are ubiquitously saprotrophic fungi and can be isolated from soil and fallen leaves. The distinctive morphological characters of Umbelopsis are sporangiophore with basal vesicle bearing branches, red to brown colony color on PDA, variable spore shape and apical single sporangium. This study has collected 858 soil samples. Based on morphological characters, five species which are Umbelopsis angularis, U. dimorpha, U. isabellina, U. rammaniana, U. angularis, U. dimorpha and U. vinacea were identified. Three of these species are new records to Taiwan. Molecular biotechnology including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and sequencing were used to obtain the sequence of ribosomal DNA LSU-D1/D2 domain and ITS sequence (ITS1, 5.8S rDNA, ITS2). The Umbelopsis caldes is divided into two well-supported subclades, the first subcalde,contains Umbelopsis dimorpha, U. isabellina and U. vinacea. The second caldes, contains Umbelopsis angularis and U. rammaniana. U. isabellina, U. rammaniana and U. vinacea can be separated individually. Umbelopsis dimorpha and U.versiformis are closely posifioned on the tree which have of single-spored sporania. Taxonomic groups generating from molecular analysis of these gene regions of rDNA are consistent with the groups based on morphological characters. Consequently, based on combined data obtaining from the phylogenetic analysis and morphological characters, a key of the genus Umbelopsis in Taiwan was constructed.
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Jacobs, Adriaana. "The genus Phialocephala : a taxonomic study." Diss., 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23725.
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XIE, LI-HUI, and 謝麗惠. "Taxonomic study of trichomycetes in Taiwan." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01542732994205049753.
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郭淑妙. "A Taxonomic Study of Ranunculus L. Taiwan." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27826593089057422780.
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碩士國立臺灣師範大學
生物研究所
90
The genus Ranunculus (Ranunculaceae) in Taiwan is taxonomically revised based on morphological, palynological, cytotaxonomic, phytogeographical, and ecological studies. Thirteen species of the genus, including a new record (Ranunculus chinensis Bunge) are recognized. This treatment differs from the Flora of Taiwan, 2nd ed. in the following: R. silerifolius Lév. which was previously reduced to R. sieboldii Miq., are now treated as distinct. Ranunculus morii Ohwi and R. taiwanensis Liu & Lu are treated as a synonym of R. taizanensis Yamamoto. Morphology of aggregated fruit and achenes are valuable characters for the classification within the genus in Taiwan. Besides, branching types, vesture, morphology of leaves and petals, and nectary types also provide useful information. Pollen morphology can be devided into two types: tricolpate and polycolpate. Pollen size and exine sculpture show little interspecific difference. Observation of the meiotic chromosome numbers of 10 Taiwanese species reveals some variation among species. The chromosome numbers of R. cheirophyllus Hayata (n=16), R. formosa-montanus Ohwi (n=8), R. nankotaizanus Ohwi (n=8), R. sieboldii Miquel (n=16), and R. taisanensis Hayata (n=8) are determined for the first time. Six endemic species distribute in altitude above 2000 m, seven non-endemic species distribute below 2000 m. Some species , such as R. nankotaizanus Ohwi and R. taizanensis Yamamoto have very narrow range of distribution.
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Chao, Yi-Shan, and 趙怡姍. "A Taxonomic Study on Lentibulariaceae of Taiwan." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81409744173448347753.
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碩士國立中山大學
生物科學系研究所
92
Utricularia is the only genus in Lentibulariaceae of Taiwan. The morphology of Utricularia is highly diverse due to the habitats variation, which results in the difficulty to identify the species of this genus. This study emphasizes the morphology of Utricularia, and combines with the information of field observation and the cultivation, to ensure the influence of environmental change on external morphology, especially the characters of stolons, rhizoids, leaves, flowers, fruits, pollens, seeds, and traps. Further, the taxonomic value of trap glands between species is discussed. There are seven species recognized in Lentibulariaceae of Taiwan; namely, U. aurea Lour., U. australis R. Br., U. bifida L., U. caerulea L., U. gibba L., U. striatula Sm., and U. uliginosa Vahl. In addition, U. minor L. and U. inflata Walter are treated as doubtful species.
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Chen, Chao-Chun, and 陳昭君. "Taxonomic Study of Paradoxosomatidae (Diplopoda) in Taiwan." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83352922347915381535.
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碩士國立中山大學
生物科學系研究所
92
Abstract In previous taxonomic and fannal studies of millipedes for Taiwan, a total of 58 species were recognizied and in 6 orders, in which 22 were in Paradoxosomatidae. We collected about 379 specimens from Taiwan, and borrowed 321 specimens from other universities and research institutions in Taiwan. By referring to literatures, making use of the optics microscope to observe the external patterns of specimens, and taking photos of SEM, and comparing with the holotypes and paratypes loaned from foreign museums, and finding three species are synonyms: Helicorthomorpha kosingai (Wang, 1958a) is a synonym of H. orthogonal (Silvestri, 1898), Kronopolites ralphi Wang, 1957b is a synonym of K. formosanus (Verhoeff, 1939b), and Oxidus circofera (Verhoeff, 1931) is a synonym of Orthomorphella pekuensis (Karsch, 1881), two species are new synonyms: Orthomorpha flavomarginata Gressitt, 1941 is a new synonym of Orthomorphella pekuensis (Karsch, 1881), Chamberlinius shengmui Wang, 1957b is a new synonym of C. piceofasciatus (Gressitt, 1941), one species, Cawjeekelia nordenskiöldi (Attems, 1909), should be misidentified by Wang which should not distribute in Taiwan. Therefore, there are seventeen species in ten genera of Paradoxosomatidae in Taiwan had been recognizied. In addition, a new recorded species: Chondromorpha xanthotricha (Attems, 1898), two new genera contain three new species: Aposigipinius gen. n., contains two new species, aviformis sp. n. and sierwaldae sp. n., Changius gen. n. contains one new species, jhongshan sp. n., besides, anther ten new species belonging to different genera: Aponedyopus shenghaii sp. n., A. sergeii sp. n., Chamberlinius parhualienensis sp. n., C. parpiceofasciatus sp. n., Inversispina taiwanspiralis sp. n., Nedyopus latus sp. n., N. longitudinalis sp. n., N. microps sp. n., N. passericaudatus sp. n., and N. wui sp. n. So, up to now, there are thirty-one species in fourteen genera of Paradoxosomatidae in Taiwan, and in which twenty-four species in thirteen genera are re-collected and verified in this study.
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"A Taxonomic and epidemiological study on Mycobacteria." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5887056.
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by Yip Chi Wai.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 70-87).
ABSTRACT --- p.i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.v
LIST OF TABLES --- p.ix
LIST OF FIGURES --- p.xiii
INTRODUCTION --- p.1
LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.3
Chapter I. --- Mycobacterial Infections --- p.3
Chapter A. --- Mycobacterium tuberculosis --- p.3
Chapter B. --- Atypical mycobacteria --- p.3
Chapter II. --- Identification of Mycobacteria --- p.5
Chapter A. --- Conventional methods --- p.6
Chapter 1. --- Mycobacterium tuberculosis --- p.6
Chapter 2. --- Atypical mycobacteria --- p.7
Chapter B. --- Rapid identification methods --- p.8
Chapter 1. --- Identification by fatty acid analysis --- p.8
Chapter 2. --- Identification by mycolic acid analysis --- p.9
Chapter III. --- In vitro Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacteria --- p.11
Chapter A. --- Mycobacterium tuberculosis --- p.11
Chapter 1. --- Principle --- p.12
Chapter 2. --- Methods of susceptibility testing --- p.13
Chapter a. --- The absolute concentration method --- p.13
Chapter b. --- The resistance ratio method --- p.15
Chapter c. --- The 1% proportion method --- p.16
Chapter d. --- Radiometric method --- p.18
Chapter e. --- Other methods --- p.19
Chapter B. --- Atypical mycobacteria --- p.20
Chapter IV. --- Plasmid Analysis in Mycobacteria --- p.22
Chapter A. --- Discovery of plasmids in mycobacteria --- p.22
Chapter B. --- Methodologies in the studies of mycobacterial plasmids --- p.23
Chapter C. --- Possible roles of plasmid in epidemiology of mycobacteria --- p.24
MATERIALS AND METHODS --- p.26
Chapter I. --- Bacterial Strains and Strain Maintenance --- p.26
Chapter A. --- Strains collection --- p.26
Chapter B. --- Strains maintenance --- p.26
Chapter II. --- Culture Media and Culture Conditions --- p.26
Chapter III. --- Identification of Mycobacteria --- p.26
Chapter A. --- Conventional methods --- p.26
Chapter B. --- Fatty acid profile analysis --- p.27
Chapter 1. --- Bacterial isolates --- p.27
Chapter 2. --- Standards and reagents --- p.27
Chapter 3. --- Preparation of methyl ester for GC/GC-MS --- p.28
Chapter 4. --- Instrumentation --- p.28
Chapter a. --- Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) --- p.28
Chapter b. --- Gas liquid chromatography (GLC) --- p.28
Chapter 5. --- Fatty acid profile analysis --- p.29
Chapter a. --- Calibration --- p.30
Chapter b. --- Identification of mycobacterial fatty acids --- p.30
Chapter c. --- Construction of mycobacterial fatty acid profiles --- p.30
Chapter 6. --- Discriminant analysis --- p.31
Chapter IV. --- In Vitro Drug Susceptibility Test --- p.31
Chapter A. --- Test strains --- p.31
Chapter B. --- Preparation of drug-containing media --- p.32
Chapter C. --- Minmum inhibition concentration (MIC) determination --- p.32
Chapter V. --- Heavy Metal Tolerance Test --- p.33
Chapter A. --- Bacterial strains --- p.33
Chapter B. --- Reagent and media preparation --- p.34
Chapter 1. --- Heavy metal stock solution preparation --- p.34
Chapter 2. --- Media preparation --- p.34
Chapter C. --- Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) determination --- p.34
Chapter VI. --- Plasmid Analysis of Mycobacteria --- p.35
Chapter A. --- Bacterial strains --- p.35
Chapter B. --- Extraction procedures --- p.35
Chapter 1. --- Modified Kado & Liu method --- p.35
Chapter 2. --- French press procedure --- p.36
Chapter 3. --- Spheroplasts preparation procedure --- p.37
Chapter C. --- Electrophoresis procedure --- p.37
Chapter D. --- Statistical analysis for correlation between plasmid and drug resistance or heavy metal tolerance --- p.38
RESULTS --- p.39
Chapter I. --- Identification of Mycobacteria --- p.39
Chapter A. --- General characteristics of the chromatographic profile --- p.39
Chapter B. --- Discriminant analysis --- p.40
Chapter 1. --- Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) --- p.40
Chapter a. --- Slowly growing non-pigmented mycobacteria --- p.40
Chapter b. --- Rapidly growing mycobacter-ia --- p.41
Chapter c. --- Pigmented mycobacteria --- p.41
Chapter 2. --- Gas liquid chromatography (GLC) --- p.41
Chapter a. --- Slowly growing non-pigmented mycobacteria --- p.42
Chapter b. --- Rapidly growing mycobacteria --- p.42
Chapter c. --- Pigmented mycobacteria --- p.43
Chapter II. --- Vitro Drug Susceptibility Test --- p.43
Chapter A. --- Mycobacterium tuberculosis --- p.43
Chapter B. --- Atypical mycobacteria --- p.45
Chapter 1. --- General characteristics --- p.45
Chapter 2. --- Sensitivity pattern of different species --- p.46
Chapter a. --- Mycobacterium kansasii --- p.46
Chapter b. --- Mycobacterium avium- intracellulare complex --- p.46
Chapter c. --- Mycobacterium scrofulaceum --- p.47
Chapter d. --- Mycobacterium terrae complex --- p.47
Chapter e. --- Mycobacterium fortuitum --- p.47
Chapter f. --- Mycobacterium chelonae --- p.48
Chapter III. --- Heavy Metal Tolerance Test --- p.48
Chapter IV. --- Plasmid in Mycobacteria --- p.48
Chapter A. --- Mycobacterium tuberculosis --- p.48
Chapter B. --- Atypical mycobacteria --- p.49
Chapter 1. --- General characteristics --- p.49
Chapter 2. --- Correlation between drug resistance and plasmid --- p.50
Chapter 3. --- Correlation between heavy metal tolerance and plasmid --- p.50
DISCUSSION --- p.52
Chapter I. --- Identification of Mycobacteria --- p.52
Chapter II. --- In Vitro Drug Susceptibility Test --- p.56
Chapter A. --- Mycobacterium tuberculosis --- p.56
Chapter B. --- Atypical mycobacteria --- p.60
Chapter 1. --- Mycobacterium kansasii --- p.61
Chapter 2. --- Mycobacterium avium- intracellulare complex --- p.61
Chapter 3. --- Mycobacterium scrofulaceum --- p.62
Chapter 4. --- Mycobacterium terrae complex --- p.62
Chapter 5. --- Mycobacterium fortuitum --- p.63
Chapter 6. --- Mycobacterium chelonae --- p.64
Chapter III. --- Plasmid Analysis in Mycobacteria --- p.64
Chapter A. --- Mycobacterium tuberculosis --- p.64
Chapter B. --- Atypical mycobacteria --- p.66
SUMMARYS AND CONCLUSIONS --- p.68
LITERATURE CITED --- p.70
Chapter APPENDIX - --- Tables --- p.88
Figures --- p.144
19
Liu, Yea-chen, and 劉以誠. "A Taxonomic Study of Athyrium in Taiwan." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ss8jxg.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立中山大學
生物科學系研究所
96
The genus Athyrium composed by 220 species in the world, mainly distributed in the Asia temperate regions. According to the observations of the morphological characters, this study revised the taxonomy and recognized 24 species and 2 varieties in Taiwan. The infrageneric scheme also due to morphology, these Taiwanese species were placed into 5 sections: Sect. Polystichoides, Sect. Echinoathyrium, Sect. Strigoathyrium, Sect. Atkinsonii and Sect. Niponica. Basing on the public DNA sequences data (trnL-F and rbcL), including to this study providing, the molecular phylogeny analysis was state in this study. The Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian inference were used in each fragment: trnL-F region length 846 bp, 72 OTUs in 41 species 8 varieties; rbcL 1188 bp, 70 OTUs in 42 species 6 varieties, and combined data: 42 OTUs in 38 species 4 varieties. The phylograms contributed by each datasets are support the infrageneric scheme provided in this study, 5 sections occuring in Taiwan and 2 other sections (Sect. Athyrium and Sect. Yokoscentia) are monophyletic. Herein, the key to the species of the Taiwanese Athyrium, science names, descriptions, voucher specimens and notes of each taxa are provided.
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Chen-Jui, Yang, and 楊承瑞. "A Taxonomic Study of Pilea of Taiwan." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73648126312750528506.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
生命科學研究所
99
In this study, the genus Pilea in Taiwan was taxonomically revised based on morphological, geographical, and molecular phylogenetical studies. The results suggest that morphology of stipule and leaf margin, distribution of stoma and cystolith on leaf surface, tepal number and tepal morphology are the most important characters for classification of Taiwanese species. Plant habit, present of hair, inflorescence and achene morphology also provide useful information. As a result, 14 taxa of Pilea were recognized in Taiwan. Pilea peploides var. major was treated as the synonym of P. peploides; Pilea sinofasciata was treated as the synonym of P. matsudae, and P. miyakei was treated as an uncertain species. Except for the treatments above, others were agreed that of Flora of Taiwan 2nd ed. Within Pilea there have been two different subgeneric classifications, Weddell’s and Chen’s, both of them are based on morphological characters. The incongruence of morphology and phylogeny of the two subgeneric classifications was proved in Monro’s molecular study. To explore the phylogenetic relationship of the genus and to revise Chen’s subgeneric classification, cpDNA trnL-F region and nrDNA ITS were used to construct a phylogenetic tree. The genus Lecanthus and P. japonica form a monophyletic group, which suggests the taxonomic status of P. japonica should be further confirmed. The results suggest Chen's sect. Tetrameris forms a paraphyly, and both sect. Urticella and sect. Pilea are polyphyletic group. This study revised the sect. Tetrameris, but also provided the relationships of the other clades with morphology and geographic distribution It might enable the revision of the genus in the future.
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Huang, Kun-Wei, and 黃坤煒. "A Taxonomic Study of Eriophyidae of Taiwan." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95644299203392902905.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立中興大學
昆蟲學系
84
This work deals with 143 species, belonging to 5 subfamilies, 62 genera,of Eriophyidae were analysed for their relationships. Among them, 16 generaand 109 species are new to science and 2 species are new records from Taiwan. A total of 121 speceis, including a hypothetical ancestor are consideredas terminal taxa. Twenty-three characters were treated as unorder. Using theheuristic search by means of PAUP 3.1 analyzes the above data to find the parsimonious trees with unrooted. The hypothetical ancestor is regarded as anoutgroup to root the cladograms. Sucessive weighting procedure and 50% majorityrule consensus method resulted in one cladogram. The results showed that theEriophyidae of Taiwan could be divided into three holophyletic groups. Thesethree holophyletic groups are not consistant with the traditional taxonomicsystem. The result of character analysis can not express the principal ofmorphocline. To deduce the origin and diversity of eriophyoid mites, evidences appliedwere based on the fossil, morphologh, host plant, classification system, andplate tectonics, and by mean of the principle of evolutionary continous dic-tomony to infer the origin and average diversity rate of eriophyoid mites. Theresults show that the eriophyoid mites originated at about 280 (million) yearsago on Laurasia and the average diversity rate which estimated 0.18 per millionyears.
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Yu, Ren-Yong, and 于仁勇. "A taxonomic study of Thymelaeaceae of Taiwan." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11468192788827695839.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
生態學與演化生物學研究所
102
This revision of Thymylaeaceae of Taiwan is based on morphological, palynological and molecular phylogenetic studies. According to former studies, the shape of disks is a key character to distinguish between the genera Daphne L. and Wikstroemia Endl. In this study, morphological features such as the shape and texture of leaves, the existence of bracts, the color and dissecting characters of calyx tube and the pubescence of the plant are useful in classification between species of Taiwan. Sculptures of pollen exine are with differences among species and give some comparative evidence. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on nrITS sequences could also provide some taxonomic information in some taxa. In the present revision, eight taxa (including one variety) of two genera are recognized: D. arisanensis Hayata, D. genkwa Siebold &; Zucc., D. kiusiana Miq. var. atrocaulis (Rehder) Maekawa, W. indica (L.) C.A. Meyer, W. lanceolata Merr. var. lanceolata, W. lanceolata Merr. var. taiwanensis (C.E. Chang) R.Y. Yu &; J.M. Hu comb. nov. &; stat. nov., W. mononectaria Hayata, and W. retusa A. Grey. Four former recognized species: Stellera formosana (Hayata) H.L. Li, D. chingshuishaniana S.S. Ying, D. morrisonensis C.E. Chang and D. nana Tagawa are treated as synonyms of D. arisanensis Hayata. The species W. taiwanensis C.E. Chang was reduced to be a variety of W. lanceolata Merr. Moreover, D. arisanensis is firstly reported to be gynomonoecious in this study. Some former mistakes on nomenclature are also revised.
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Su, Kuan-Yu, and 蘇冠宇. "Taxonomic Study on Tylophora (Asclepiadaceae) of Taiwan." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23505742360399182737.
Full text
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Ho, Shu-Chen, and 何淑真. "Taxonomic Study of the Taiwan Inshore Squids." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60684446880904321343.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
環境生物與漁業科學學系
93
The phylogenetic relationships were investigated among the Taiwan inshore squids that are species-rich, muscular and living in shallow waters. This study applied COI gene sequences of mtDNA as a molecular character to discuss phylogenetic relationships among the Loligo squids. Additionally, there are 75 morphological characters (such as radula, sucker ring, etc.) were analyzed to display the inshore squids classification. Phylogenetic relationships were consistent between two approaches that produced very similar subgroups that included two major genera as Loliolus, and Uroteuthis among the 10 species collected from Taiwan waters ( former names: Loligo beka, Loligo chinensis, Loligo duvauceli, Loligo edulis edulis, Loligo edulis budo, Loligo japonica, Loligo sibogae, Loligo uyii, Loligo sumatrensis and Loligo singhalensis ). We have also proposed a new classification key for the inshore squids based upon the morphological characters, which are (1) Loliolus (Nipponololigo) with 4 species: Loliolus (Nipponololigo) beka, Loliolus (Nipponololigo) japonica, Loliolus (Nipponololigo) uyii and Loliolus (Nipponololigo) sumatrensis and (2) Uroteuthis (Photololigo) with 6 species: Uroteuthis (Photololigo) chinensis, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) duvauceli, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) edulis edulis, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) edulis budo, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) sibogae and Uroteuthis (Photololigo) singhalensis
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Yo-Jiun, Chen, and 陳又君. "A Taxonomic Study of Commelinaceae of Taiwan." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11588056070390850751.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立師範大學
生物學研究所
86
In the course of a taxonomic revision of the Commelinaceae in Taiwan, 25 species in eight genera were recognized, including a new species and anew variety of Murdannia and a new record, Cyanotis axillaris (L.)Sweet.Murdannia triquetra (Wall.) Br(ckn. was synonymized with Murdannia keisak(Hassk.) Hand.- Mazz. A new combination, Belosynapsis kawakamii, was madeof Cyanotis kawakamii Hayata. In this study, seed morphology was shown to be important in distinguishingplants of Taiwan Commelinaceae. Morphology of petals, stamens (both fertile andsterile), and fruits are diagnostic at generic and sometimes specific level.Plant habit, roots, stems, leaves, and inflorescence types are often useful indistinguishing related species. Pollen size, exine sculpture, and sulcalmorphology are useful in sepannia, in which pollenf all species are similar.All but a number of populations of Belosynapsis ciliata and Commelina diffusaexamined have stainable pollen. Studies of chromosome cytology reveals that Taiwanese Amischotolype isbased on n = 9. Belosynapsis has a basic chromosome number of n = 13, althoughB. ciliata has n = 18. Cyanotis is based on n = 12. Commelina has n = 15 in allbut Co. benghalensis and Co. communis, which have n = 11. Murdannia has n= 10,with possibly derived aneuploid chromosome numbers in several species. Polliahas n = 16. Rhopalephora is based on n = 29. Tetravalents were observed inmeiosis of Belosynapsis ciliata and Floscopa scands. First reports on chromosomenumbers include Belosynapsis kawakamii (n = 26), Murdannia angustifolia(n = 19, 20), M. bracteata (n = 9), Murdannia taiwanensis (n = 28), and Murdanniataiwanensis var. lilungensis (n = 28). Counts of n = 18 for Amischotolype hispida,n = 10 II + 1 IV for Floscopa scandens, n = 21 for Murdannia edulis, and n = 16for Pollia miranda disagree with previous reports.
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Chao, R. F., and 趙仁方. "A taxonomic study of Protura in Taiwan." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20767853848661347282.
Full textAbstract:
碩士東海大學
生物學研究所
83
total of seventeen species belonging to two families of ProturaTaiwan. Among them Silvestridia Bonet, 1942 is a new recordstudy, Baculentulus hohuanshanensis Lee, 1989, Ba. morikawaiii, 1956), Ba. taipeiensis Lee, 1989, Ba. tosanus (Imadate etenyentulus anmashanus Lee, 1989, K. serdinensis Lee, 1989, andra Imadate et Yosii, 1959 were recorded in Taiwan before. K.ate, 1961) and E. udagawai Imadate, 1961 are new to Taiwan. Berberentulus neipuensis sp.shanensis sp. nov., E. bilapilli sp. nov., E. brevisensorium sp.oculi sp. nov., E. coruscoculi sp. nov., E. lapilloculi sp. nov.,nov. are new to science. For each species studied description,acters, habitats, and a new character, i.e. the ratio ofth and width (FR), are discussed in this paper. An identificationis provided. A phenogram is also prepared by UPGMA based on the degree of characterng 17 OTUs and 57 characters). A discussion on the distributionof Protura in Taiwan are provided.
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Boshoff, Sanette. "A taxonomic study of Southern African hyphomycetes." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28581.
Full textAbstract:
From May 1994 until the end of August 1994, pieces of decomposing wood and twigs were collected from different locations in the Northern Cape Province, Gauteng, Mpumalanga and in the Western Cape. Fifty-nine taxa were recorded (one new genus, one new species and 43 new records from southern Africa). This study reviews the development of the taxonomy of the mitosporic fungi, in particular the Huyphomycetes, makes some comments on the structure-function relationships and functional diversity that occur and describes a large number of new Hyphomycete records for southern Africa. The classification of these micro-fungi has been controversial since inception. As the asexual phase of a sexually reproducing organism (the ascomycete or basidiomycete states), the taxonomy is covered by a dualistic nomenclature whidh is an exception of Principle IV (one organism: one name) of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN). Alth9ough the role of morphological features in the development of anamorph taxonomic theory has evolved as microscopic image technology has advanced, inadequately defined characters, obscure distinctions between morphologically similar species and a weak theoretical base undermine the usefulness of this system. Molecular systematic studies are yielding a wealth of new fungal taxonomic characters. Molecular technology can generate the data required to verify phylogenetic relationships in this artificial classification system, but is subject of the constraints of time, money and expertise. Neither morphological nor molecular based taxonomy is inherently superior. The utilitarian aspect of morphological systematics, in fact, is the great advantage over molecular methods. However, from the viewpoint of applied mycology, the biochemical profiles of these organisms offer the most useful identification system. The taxonomic significance of the results from such investigations and their contribution to a better understanding of the complex situation are undeniable. All earlier views and systems were based on the knowledge and technology available at that time. Current students of this group can similarly only base their views and proposals on the information available. Current knowledge is advanced to what was known then. This will also be true about today’s concepts and those still to come. The now redundant systems were created to serve science and not because of human inadequacies. The nature of these fungi dictates to scientists an arbitrary species concept and user-friendly taxonomic systems. Various opinions about terms, and especially the conidiogenic processes, appear to be confusing, but led to a functional, although phylogenetically inadequate, system. What Kananaskis could not do for phylogenetics, it did for standardization of terms.Thesis (PhD (Botany))--University of Pretoria, 2005.
Plant Science
unrestricted
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Huang, Min-Hui, and 黃敏惠. "Taxonomic Study of Dendranthema (Compositae) in Taiwan." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16363613657836642231.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立屏東科技大學
森林系所
104
The present study examined the plant specimens of Dendranthema in Taiwan, and observed its morphological characteristics in each taxon, which includes external morphology in various organs of plant and the subtle features in pollen grains. The classification was undertook by organizing its geographic distribution, analyzing the similarity of external morphology characteristics, analyzing the phylogeny within taxa by DNA sequencing, and categorizing the plants of Dendranthema in Taiwan. The result shows that the external morphology such as leaf shape, frond hairs, flower color, involucres and other morphology of Dendranthema in Taiwan are important characteristics in classification. Moreover, the growth habit of plant and inflorescence morphology are important indication in classification within taxa. All of pollen morphology is Anthemis type. A part of taxa can be recognized by the pollen size and pollen spines morphology. The similarity of UPGMA analysis can divide Dendranthema in Taiwan into four taxa. The geographical distribution and altitudes distribution within taxa can be regarded as a reference of taxonomic. After three different DNA segment sequencing analysis, two taxa were categorized: D. horaimontana and D. morii, which have significant clustered phenomenon. The result of present study suggested that categorizing Dendranthema in Taiwan into four taxa. Dendranthema lavandulifolium var. tomentellum is included into D. arisanense, and the other taxa are D. indicum, D. horaimontana and D. morii. Moreover D. indicum only distributes in Kinmen and Matsu.
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O’Neill, Darlene M. "Taxonomic study of Trillium ovatum forma hibbersonii." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/4187.
Full textAbstract:
The entity known as Trillium ovatum forma hibbersonii Taylor and Szczawinski was first
discovered on the west coast of Vancouver Island in 1938 by JA. Hibberson (Holotype UBC
73131). Leonard Wiley invalidly published the taxon as Trillium hibbersonii in 1968. A
review of the taxonomic status by T.M.C. Taylor and A.F. Szczawinski resulted in the
publication of the taxon as Trillium ovatum forma hibbersonii (1975). The diagnosis stated
this dwarf variant was part of the continuous series of intergradations of Trillium ovatum
Pursh (Taylor and Szczawinski, 1975). Taylor and Szczawinski did not cite any small or
intermediate samples that supported their conclusions.
The present study was initiated to provide a comprehensive re-evaluation of the taxonomic
status: separate species from Trillium ovatum; subspecies, variety or forma of Trillium
ovatum?
This study considers morphological differences, flavonoid analysis and Random Amplified
Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), from natural populations and cultivated plants.
I conclude that compelling evidence supports the raising of Trillium ovatum forma
hibbersonii to specific status. Characteristics which support this conclusion are:
1) the limited geographical distribution of Trillium ovatum forma hibbersonii
2) different ecological niche and strong morphological divergence from Trillium ovatum
3) distinct dormancy/germination requirements
4) quantitative differences in the major flavonoid constituents of T. ovatum and T. ovatum
forma hibbersonii
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DEN, MEI-ZHI, and 鄧美智. "A taxonomic study of phyllantheae of Taiwan." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68844830339199418969.
Full text
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Yao, Kuei-yu, and 姚奎宇. "A taxonomic study of Aneuraceae of Taiwan." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67772529995608123652.
Full textAbstract:
碩士東海大學
生命科學系
95
In this taxonomic study of Aneuraceae of Taiwan, a total of 2 genera, 14 taxa, including 13 species, 1 subspecies, and 3 varieties are reported. Among them 2 genera, 6 species, 1 subspecies and 1 variety have been previously recorded: Aneura pinguis (L.) Dum.、Riccardia angustata Horikawa、R. chamedryfolia (With.) Grolle、R. graeffei (Steph.) Hewson、R. multifida (L.) Gray subsp. decrescens (Steph.) Furuki and R. latifrons var. miyakeana (Schiffn.) Furuki. In addition, 6 species and 1 variety are new to Taiwan: R. crassa (Schwaegr.) Carring. et Pears.、R. flavovirens Furuki、R. kodamae Mizut. et Hatt.、R. nagasakiensis (Steph.) Hatt.、R. pumila and R. marginata (Col.) Pears. var. pacifica Furuki Furuki. Finally, 1 species and 1 variety are new to science: R. arisanensis Lin et Yao, R. latifrons (Lindb.) Lindb. var. formosensis (Steph.) Lin & Yao. Their taxonomic treatment includes key to species, description, note, habitat, locality, distribution and illustration.
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W, Hsu T., and 許再文. "A Taxonomic Study of Vitaceae of Taiwan." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03861921337764197590.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
生物學系
87
Abstract About 850 species in 14 genera of the Vitaceae with a wide geographic range from temperate to tropical regions have been documented all around the world. 19 taxa belonging to six genera were known to the flora of Taiwan. Recently many new additions have been found. And many nomenclatural changes have been suggested. Taxonomic revision is required for updating the knowledge of floristic composition of this family in Taiwan. In this study, 24 species and intraspecific taxa of six genera were treated. Diagnostic keys to genera and species were provided. Each species was either photographed or illustrated. Five taxa of Ampelopsis were recognized, including one new record, A. japonica. Ampelopsis cantoniensis var. leeoides was reduced to a synonym of A. cantoniensis. Four species of Cayratia were identified, including C. formosana sp. nov. and two new records (C. maritima and C. corniculata). Cissus includes five species with a new record (C. kerrii), and a new naturalized species (C. sicyoides). Cissus pingtungensis is treated as a new synonym of Cissus repens. Parthenocissus is monotypic in Taiwan, i.e. P. dalzielii. Four species of Tetrastigma occurred in Taiwan. Tetrastigma alatum was treated as a synonym of T. bioritsense. The taxonomic status of Tetrastigma lanyuense was verified. Five species of Vitis occurred in Taiwan, including a new record (V. amurenensis). Vitis flexuosa f. parvifolia was reduced into a synonym of V. flexuosa.
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Chang, Kun-Cheng, and 張坤城. "Taxonomic Study of Maloideae (Rosaceae) of Taiwan." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95112008173977036770.
Full textAbstract:
博士中興大學
森林學系所
99
Maloideae (Rosaceae) included about 28 genera and 940 species, with many fruit trees species, and some as ornamental or medicinal plants, were a large and important taxon. There were 10 to 12 genera and approximately 30 species of the subfamily recorded in Taiwan. But their systematic classification was still in disarray and really necessary to study and revise. This revision of Maloideae in Taiwan was made based on morphological, pollen morphology by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and phylogenetic study based matK sequences from chloroplast DNA, and internal transcribed spacers sequences from nuclear ribosomal DNA. Pollen grains of 38 taxa of Formosan Maloideae were 3-colporate or 4-colporate, sub-globose to elliptic, Amb often 3-lobed circular, polar axis length 20-31 μm, equatorial axis length 21-46 μm. The sculptural types were distinguished into foveolate, foveolate-rugulate, striate-foveolate, and striate. Patterns of sculpture were helpful to identification. All taxa of Maloideae formed a monophyletic group in phylogenetic trees according to chloroplast matK. It meant that Maloideae was a natural group. Two main clades showed in the subfamily: Clade-I contained Aria, Aronia, Cotoneaster, Malus, Osteomeles, Photinia, Pourthiaea, Pyracantha, Pyrus, Sorbus, and Stranvaesia, and Clade-II contained Eriobotrya and Rhaphiolepis. The bootstraps of both clades attained to 97-100 % by Neighbor Joining method, Maximum Parsimony method, and Maximum likelihood method. Taxa in Clade-I have lankily, long-ovate, or crescent smaller seed (diameter under 5 mm). Taxa in Clade-II they have hemispherical or globose bigger seeds (diameter over than 5 mm). So the seed morphology is significant in the systematic arrangement and classification of tribe or subtribe in Maloideae. Maloideae were used to be divided into two tribes Maleae and Crataegeae. But Pyracantha, Cotoneaster and Osteomeles, which were used to be put in Crataegeae were formed paraphyletic groups or polyphyletic groups. This result not supported the former circumscription of tribe Crataegeae. Besides, Photinia ardisiifolia Hayata formed a monophyletic group with Sorbus and Pyrus, and formed a paraphyletic group with Photinia. As to morphology, P. ardisiifolia has thorny stem, the upper portion of exocarp about half free to the carpel, the endocarp becaming a hard shell, dehisced into 2 or 3 segments in matured and dried period. That was conspicuously different from other species of Photinia, wherefore its phylogenetic position would need for more research and discussion. The broad sense genus Sorbus included single-leaved genus Aria. In this study it was suggested to divided into two distinct genera. Broadly defined Aronia as a included Photinia, Pourthiaea and Stranvaesia. Aronia arbutifolia (L.) Pers., the type species of Aronia was put into phylogenetic analysis. The result showed that A. arbutifolia and S. davidiana Decne. formed a monophyletic group, but the bootstrap was not sufficient. On the other side, Photinia, Pourthiaea and Aronia formed a polyphyletic group. The result did not stand a broad sense Aronia. Eriobotrya of Taiwan was usually comprised in 2 species, 3 varieties, 3 forms, or 2 varieties with 1 form. ITS sequences and matK sequences to showed that Eriobotrya deflexa (Hemsl.) Nakai form. deflexa, E. deflexa form. buisanensis (Hayata) Nakai and E. deflexa form. koshunensis (Kanehira & Sasaki) H. L. Li no variable site can be found in 658 base pair (bp) of matK. It meant they were a very close population. There is only 9 variable sites on ITS with 593 bp. These 3 taxa were not hard to separate completely in the phylogenetic tree, although they can be distinguished by some morphological characteristics. Therefore, E. deflexa form. buisanensis and E. deflexa form. koshunensis were suggested to treat as two forms of E. deflexa. As a result of above studies, 12 genera, 33 species, 4 varieties, and 2 forms were recognized in Taiwan. Cotoneaster chingshuiensis Kun C. Chang & Chih C. Wang, C. lui Kun C. Chang, K. S. Lai & Y. H. Tseng, and C. rosiflorus Kun C. Chang & F. Y. Lu were new species. Malus koidzumii Kun C. Chang, Y. H. Tseng, C. H. Ou & F. Y. Lu was a new name. Cotoneaster bullatus Bois, C. dammeri C. K. Schneid., and Pourthiaea beauverdiana (C. K. Schneid.) Hatsusima var. beauverdiana were confirmed in the flora of Taiwan. Pourthiaea parvifolia E. Pritz. and P. villosa (Thunb.) Decne. were treated as different species, and P. chingshuiensis T. Shimizu was treated as a synonym of P. parvifolia. Rhaphiolepis impressivena Masamune was treated as a variety of R. indica (L.) Lindl., and R. shilanensis (Y. P. Yang & H. Y. Liu) Kun C. Chang, F. Y. Lu & C. H. Ou was upgraded to species rank. The paper provided keys, color photographs, line drawings and taxonomic treatment to aid in identification of these taxa.
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周思妤. "Taxonomic study of Anthocerotaceae (Bryophytes) in Taiwan." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31773181116893067146.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立新竹教育大學
應用科學系碩士班
100
Abstract There are approximately 200~250 species of hornworts around the world. In Taiwan, 14 species have been recorded. Among them, nine species in three genera belonging to Anthocerotaceae are in this study. Comparing to the other bryophyte, the studies of hornwort are quite few in Taiwan. Hence the aim of this thesis is to review the hornwort plants of Taiwan by using morphology such as the feature of thallus, capsule length and color, and by using ultrastructure such as cross-section of thallus, number of chloroplast per cells, ornamentation of spores and feature of pseudoelaters. Ornamentation of spores is a significant character for grouping of hornwort. Therefore the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photos of spores are provided. For molecular analysis, three different DNA markers : rbcL and trnL-F of chloroplast DNA, and nad5 of mitochondria DNA are selected for reconstruction of phylogeny. Other hornwort sequences deposited at NCBI database are also downloaded and integrated with my own data of Anthocerotaceae in Taiwan and also in the world. In this study, in addition to the nine recorded of Anthocerotaceae, two unknown species are added to Anthoceros and one unknown species to Folioceros. In total, 13 species have been dealt with morphology and molecular analysis respectively, including Megaceros flagellaris as outgroup. Although circumscription of genus and relationship among genera remain problematic in hornwort, Anthoceros, Folioceros and Phaeoceros can be separated by each analysis for Taiwanese Anthocerostaceae. Here I provide the morphological and molecular evidence, and hope it will be useful for further study of Taiwanese hornwort in the future.
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Chang, Hsin-Jen, and 張馨仁. "Taxonomic study of family Engraulidae from Taiwan." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/tjk247.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立東華大學
海洋生物研究所
106
Species of the family Engraulidae was reviewed. A total of 343 specimens were examined and 5 genera and 12 species were recognized, including Engraulis (1 species), Encrasicholina (2 species), Stolephorus (4 species), Setipinna (1 species) and Thryssa (4 species). All species can be distinguished effectively by following characters of length of upper jaw, body pigmentation, number of ventral scutes, number of gill rakers, number of gill filaments and the shape of otolith. Diagnosis, detailed descriptions and a key to all species were provided.
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Lin, Yuan-Chien, and 林元千. "Taxonomic Study of Zingiber Mill. (Zingiberaceae) in Taiwan." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18793378451941752173.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
森林學系所
105
The taxonomic study of Zingiber Mill. (Zingiberaceae Martinov) in Taiwan, was primarily based on morphology of living materials. The mainly morphological characters were the shape of spike, colour of corolla tube, colour of labellum, lateral staminodes connate to the labellum, the persistent bract of capsule, and colour of rhizome, the shape of ligules were shown to valuable for the identification. The protologues, type specimens and geographic distribution provide very useful information. According to the study, the Zingiber in Taiwan is treated into 4 taxa, including one new taxon (Z. chengii Y. H. Tseng & C. M. Wang ＆ Y. C. Lin), and Z. koshunense Hayata ex Wu, Larsen & Turland, Z. oligophyllum K. Schumann, and Z. pleiostachyum K. Schumann. Z. koshunense Hayata ex Wu, Larsen & Turland was previously reduced to synonym of Z. kawagoii Hayata, is now treated as distinct taxon, and Z. shuanglongensis Yeh & Chung is now treated as the synonym of Z. koshunense Hayata ex Wu, Larsen & Turland. Otherwise, Z. kawagoii Hayata is now treated as the synonym of Z. pleiostachyum.
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Lin, Yu-Ching, and 林育靜. "Taxonomic and Phylogenetic study of Pilobolaceae in Taiwan." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/r6mwdv.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
生命科學院碩士在職專班
99
Pilobolaceae (Mucorales, Mucoromycotina, Zygomycota) is a group of coprophilous fungi. In this study, hervbivors’ and Rodents’ dung samples were collected from Taiwan island. Based on morphological characters and data obtained from gene sequence analyses including ribosomal DNA SSU、ITS and LSU-D1/D2 regions, nine species were identified, namely Pilobolus crystallinus, P. hyalosporus, P. kleinii, P. oedipus, P. roridus, P. sphaerosporus, P. umbonatus, P. sp. nov. and Utharomyces epallocaulus. Each species can be separated into an individual clade on phylogenetic trees. The intraspecific similarity of SSU and LSU-D1/D2 of Pilobolaceae is 98-100％, the intraspecific similarity among Pilobolaceae species are 95.5-98％ and 85.5-96％, respectively. On the other hand, the intraspecific similarity of ITS region of Pilobolaceae species is 86-100％, and the interspecific similarity among Pilobolaceae species is 55-85％. Between Pilobolus and Utharomyces, the similarity of SSU、LSU-D1/D2 and ITS regions are 92.5-93.5％, 76-78％ and 52-56％, respectively. Meanwhile, the new species can be separated from other species in the phylogenetic tree. Consequently, a key of the species of Pilobolaceae in Taiwan was constructed based on combined data of molecular approach of three domaim sequence of rDNA and the morphological characters.
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Wang, Chih-Chiang, and 王志強. "A Taxonomic Study of the Symplocaceae of Taiwan." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50133995650629677853.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立中興大學
森林學系
88
The morphological taxonomy of the Symplocaceae in Taiwan was studied according to the characters of pollen, venation, and wood. According to pollen morphology and sculpture, the Symplocaceae was classified into two types and seven subtypes. The results of the wood anatomy indicated that all species divided into two groups in terms of the existence of the spiral thickening on vessel walls and fiber-tracheids. The results of numerical taxonomy based on the 127 morphological characters were coincident with the morphological methods. Among the 28 species of Symplocaceae in Taiwan, 11 species have been found in mainland China, 8 species in Ryukus, 4 species in Japan, and 1 species in Philippines. This study concluded that there was one genus(Symplocos), including two subgenus and 28 species(including variety), in the family in Taiwan. Only one species(S. sonoharae var. formosana) was classified to subgen. Symplocos, and the other 27 species were categorized as to subgen. Hopea. The species of subgen. Hopea were further classified into eight sections: sect. Palura, sect. Lodhra, sect. Bobua, sect. Lancifoliae, sect. Glaucae, sect. Glomeratae, sect. Palaeosymplocos, sect. Wikstroemifoliae C. C. Wang sect. nov.. The key, note on habitat, general distribution maps, synonyms, and description for each species and variety were presented in this paper.
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Chang, Yaw-Ren, and 張耀仁. "A Taxonomic Study on the Asclepiadaceae of Taiwan." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15550248536083322117.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
森林學系
88
This study was investigated on the taxonomy of Asclepiadaceae in Taiwan by classical and mathematical taxonomy. The results of the study were summarized as follows: According to the study, Asciepiadaceae in Taiwan was classified into two subfamilies, two subtribes and 12 genera with 20 species and 3 varieties, including one new species Tylophora montana, one new record species Tylophora insulana; one new record variety Cynanchum formosanum var. ovalifolium; two new status Gymnema sylrestre var. formosanum; and Marsdenia tomentosa var. formosana. The results of the mathematical taxonomy, based on the morphological characters were corresponding with the classification of the classical taxonomy of Asciepiadaceae. Besides the characteristic descriptions of the genera and species for Asclepiadaceae, an analytical key, synonym and description for all species were presented in this research. This study could be a useful indication for the taxonomy of Asclepiadaceae in Taiwam.
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Li, Hung Chin, and 李宏志. "A Taxonomic Study on the Capparaceae of Taiwan." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52142454583218186889.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立嘉義大學
林業暨自然資源研究所碩士班
93
A Taxonomic Study of the Capparaceae in Taiwan An extensive study on the taxonomy of the native and naturalized Capparaceae (sensu lato) plants in Taiwan was carried out mainly based on the classical and numerical taxonomic methods. According to the results of this study, the Formosan Capparaceae was demarcated into 12 species in 3 genera, without new proposed taxon. Yet based on the large collection of specimens, the great differences between Capparis acutifolia and Capparis kikuchii were confirmed, and they were treated as 2 distinct species. Besides, Cleome spinosa was firstly recorded as naturalized species in Taiwan. In this paper, analytical keys and the detailed descriptions on each species and genus were presented, and the line drawings on the morphological characters for each species were also given. The results drawn from numerical taxonomic method showed the compliance with those from the classical method. Species in the same genera were demarcated into same groups first, and the grouping of relative genera showed their close relationships also.
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Huang, Jiun-Nan, and 黃俊男. "Taxonomic study of Myrmarachne (Araneae: Salticidae) from Taiwan." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68301411939248353888.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
生物科學系研究所
92
Based on the taxonomic system of Platnick in 2004, a total of 11 species of Myrmarachne are recognized from Taiwan. There are 4 species described as new species: M. exilisata sp. nov., M. lanyuensis sp. nov., M. luteopalpis sp. nov., and M. laticorseleta sp. nov., and 3 new records to Taiwan: M. annamita Zabka., 1985, M. edwardsi Berry, Beatty and Proszynski, 1996 and M. kiboschensis Lessert, 1925. And the species published in the past from Taiwan are recovered and redescribed in this study, namely, Myrmarachne formosana (Saito, 1933), Myrmarachne formosicola Strand, 1910 and Myrmarachne inermichelis Bösenberg and Strand, 1906 and Myrmarachne magna (Saito, 1933), and female of Myrmarachne formosana (Saito, 1933) and Myrmarachne formosicola Strand, 1910 are described and illustrated first time. Type specimen of M. formosicola Strand, 1910 was re-examined. We treat Pyroderes formosanus Matsumura, 1911 as a doubtful species. A taxonomic key of Myrmarachne from Taiwan, diagnoses, descriptions, quantitative character values, illustrations, locality records, and distribution maps are presented for the 11 recognized species.
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Wei, Hung-Zen, and 魏宏仁. "A Taxonomic Study on the Lycosidae of Taiwan." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70803665844490001844.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
生命科學研究所
92
The family Lycosidae (Araneae) in Taiwan is taxonomically revised based on morphological studies. Specimens collected from Taiwan were examined and measured under a Leica Wild M3Z stereomicroscope. Female epigynum was removed and pre-cleaned with 10% KOH to examine the inner structures. Male palp organ was treated in boiling 10% KOH solution to examine the expanded structures. Specimens examined in the present study were preserved in 70% ethanol and deposited in the Arachnological collections of the Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University (NTNUB-Ar). Twenty four species in eight genera of the lycosid spiders were recognized from Taiwan in this study. Among which four genera, Venonia, Trochosa, Arctosa, and Wadicosa, and six species, Pardosa oriensis Yin et al., 1997, Trochosa aquatica Tanaka, 1985, T. wuchangensis (Schenkel, 1963), Arctosa laminata Yu et Song, 1988, A. indica Tikader et Malhotra, 1980, and Wadicosa okinawensis (Tanaka, 1985) were newly recorded from Taiwan. In addition, six species, Venonia spirocystoides sp. nov., V. elongata sp. nov., Pirata falcoapophysis sp. nov., Trochosa shanpingensis sp. nov., Arctosa troglodyta sp. nov., and Pardosa insulana sp. nov. are new to the science. A doubted species, Alopecosa virgata (Kishida, 1909), was excluded from the spider fauna of Taiwan. The present study not only provides a basic knowledge for the diversity conservation of spider in Taiwan, but also provides further studies on the life history, behavior and phylogenetics of lycosid spiders.
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Tsai, Chun-Chun, and 蔡淳淳. "A taxonomic study of termite (Isoptera) from Taiwan." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19380881053433126691.
Full textAbstract:
博士東海大學
生物學系
91
Based on morphological characters, 16 species, 12 genera belonging to four families in Taiwan were found in this study, in which one genus, Incisitermes (Kalotermitidae), and one species, Coptotermes gestroi are recorded as by first time. The cuticular hydrocarbons of 14 species in 11 genera in 4 families of termites were analyzed. Different genera were distinguished by morphology and differences in hydrocarbon mixture. There were slight differences among colonies. Based on morphological characters, Coptotermes formosanus could be divided into 2 species. Reticulitermes could be divided from 2 species into 7 groups. Nasutitermes takasagoensis could be divided into 2 groups. Nasutitermes parvonasutus could be divided into 3 groups. Odontotermes formosanus could be further divided into 4 groups on the base of cuticular hydrocarbon components. The mitochondrial cytochrome oxydase subunit II gene of some colonies belonging to 6 genera were sequenced. The total number of termite species in Taiwan was more than 16 species. Application of morphological, cuticular hydrocarbons and molecular characters combined provided more complete clarification of the differences among the intra- and inter-species of termites in Taiwan. Cuticular hydrocarbon components of 3 termite hosts and their termitophiles were analyzed. Cuticular hydrocarbon components were similar among termite hosts and termitophiles.
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蔡依恆. "A taxonomic study of agrostis (poaceae) of Taiwan." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6rejnj.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
生命科學研究所
97
The genus Agrostis Linneaus (Poaceae) in Taiwan is taxonomically revised base on morphological, phytogeographical and molecular phylogenetical studies. Occurence of lemma awn, callus vesture, and length of palea and anther are important characters for the classification of Taiwanese taxa. The Inflorescence and culm habit also provide useful application for distinguishing some taxa in Taiwan. In the study, Nine taxa in Taiwan were recognized, including A. arisan-montana Ohwi、A. avenaceae Gmel.、A. clavata Trin.、A. dimirpholemma Ohwi、A. fukuyamae Ohwi、A. infirma Buse、A. sonzanensis Hayata、Agrostis stolonifera L. and A. transmorrisonensis Hayata. In a phylogenetic analysis based on the Chloroplast DNA sequence of the trnL-rpl32 intergenic spacer, 787 bps sequencing data was obtained. The topologies of maximum parsimony tree and neighbor-joining tree were similar. The phylogenetical relationships of Taiwanese taxa were conformed with great supported to the morphological differentiation. However, A. sozanensis Hayata was paraphyly. After observing morphology of vouchers again, A. transmorrisonensis Hayata was re-divided from A. sozanensis Hayata. Besides, A. arisan-montana Ohwi、A. fukuyamae Ohwi、A. infirma Buse and A. sonzanensis Hayata were not monophyly, it was not supported Veldkamp treatment to sorted the four taxa in a variety rank of a same species. For the former phylogenetic result, to restore the four taxa to original species ranks.
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Huang, Yi-Ching, and 黃怡靜. "A Taxonomic Study of Strobilanthes (Acanthaceae) of Taiwan." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87992649762998254853.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
生命科學研究所
95
The genus Strobilanthes (Acanthaceae) in Taiwan was taxonomically revised based on morphological, palynological, and cytotaxonomic studies. The result show that inflorescence, morphology of calyx, and stem form are important characters for the classification of species in Taiwan. Morphology and texture of leaves, morphology of capsules and seeds also provide useful application. Palynologically, pollen shape and sexine sculpture show interspecific difference. Cytologically, chromosome numbers of five Taiwan Strobilanthes were counted. The chromosome number of S. formosana（2n=18）、S. longespicata（2n=ca. 28）、S. flexicaulis（n=16）and S. rankanensis（n=ca. 31）form Taiwan are reported for the first time. The count of S. pentstemonoides（2n=18）from this study is not congruent with previous study（Saggoo and Bir, 1982）. As a result, eight taxa were recognized, namely S. cusia (Nees) O. Kuntze、S. flexicaulis Hayata、S. lanyuensis Seok, C. F. Hsieh & J. Murata、S. longespicata Hayata、S. pentstemonoides (Nees) T. Anders var. pentstemonoides、S. pentstemonoides var. formosana (S. Moore) Y. C. Huang、S. rankanensis Hayata and S. wallichii Nees. Strobilanthes wallichii is a new record. Strobilanthes formosana is reduced to the rank of variety under S. pentstemonoides (S. pentstemonoides var. formosana).
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Chen, Jin Liang, and 陳金亮. "Taxonomic study of the hyphomycetes, deuteromycotina from Taiwan." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91730429453913263855.
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YE, ZHEN-YONG, and 葉增勇. "TAXONOMIC STUDY OF GANODERMA AUSTRALE COMPLEX IN TAIWAN." Thesis, 1990. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87613577733157295232.
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Lu, Yu-Chen, and 呂祐甄. "The taxonomic study of Peperomia (Piperaceae) in Taiwan." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05955051605832044529.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
生命科學系所
103
The genus Peperomia is distributed extensively in pantropic and subtropic. Five species and 1 uncertain species were recorded in Flora of Taiwan, 2nd ed. The authors of Flora of China treated some Taiwan’s species, inculding P. formosana, P. japonica, P. laticaulis and P. sui as synonyms of P. blanda. However ,the authors only examined the dried specimens, without seeing the living materials. Peperomia is succulent plant, there are many differences between living ones and dried specimen. On the other hand, some characteristics easily disappear in dried materials. In this study, Peperomia species were studied by morphology, anatomy, palynology, phenology and molecular phylogeny, and almost all researches used living materials. My results concluded that there are 6 species of Taiwanese Peperomia : P. dindygulensis, P. japonica, P. nakaharai, P. pellucida, P. rubrivenosa and P. tetraphylla. Based on the morphological and phylogeny of ITS sequences, I will separate two species, P. dindygulensis and P. japonica from P. blanda. Moreover, I also treat P. formosana and P. laticaulis as synonyms of P. japonica. After comparing the characteristics of living and dried specimens, I put P. sui as a synonym of P. dindygulensis.
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Tsai, Sz-Yi, and 蔡思怡. "A Taxonomic Study of Limnophila (Scrophulariaceae) of Taiwan." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66213299226498204460.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
生命科學研究所
101
The genus Limnophila (Plantaginaceae) in Taiwan is taxonomically revised based on morphological, palynological, and molecular biological studies. The result shows that 11 species of this genus are indigenous to Taiwan, which include 3 new species, L. pintungensis sp. nov., L. taiwanensis sp. nov. and L. orientalis sp. nov. The new species L. orientalis is divided from the re-circumscribed L. sessiliflora which is also confirmed here to be a newly naturalized species in Taiwan. The new species L. taiwanensis sp. nov. which was considered as L. trichophylla before is extracted from the re-recognized L. trichophylla. The morphology of venation, leaf shape, calyx, and capsule are the important characters for the classification of Taiwanese genus. Furthermore, the seed surfaces also provide evidences for distinguishing sections and some species. Finally, the phylogenetic relationship within this genus was studied using the cpDNA markers trnL/F, trnG, and ndhF from 19 species sampled in Taiwan and neighboring area. Gratiola and Sesamum are chosen as outgroups. The cladogram of molecular phylogeny revealed three separate lineages corresponding to the sectional grouping of previous studies and could be distinguished by the finely dissected submerged leaves, venation, and calyx striation on mature fruits. The section Limnophila and section Striatae are highly supported monophyletic groups, but section Integrifolieae shows paraphyly.
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黃韋嘉. "A Taxonomic Study of Hydrocotyle (Apiaceae) of Taiwan." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58604227459763626862.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
生物學系
93
The genus Hydrocotyle (Apiaceae) in Taiwan was taxonomically revised based on morphological, palynological, cytotaxonomic, phytogeographical, and ecological studies. Morphology of leaves, vesture of leaf-blades and petioles, inflorescence, length of peduncles, flower number in single umbel, and micro-morphology of fruits are important characters for the classification of Taiwan taxa. Stem form, distribution, sizes of leaf-blade, and micro-morphology of leaves also provide useful application. Palynologically, sexine sculpture shows interspecific difference. Cytologically, chromosome numbers of six Taiwan Hydrocotyle were counted. The counts of H. javanica (2n=ca. 66) and H. ramiflora (2n=ca. 84) from this study are not congruent with previous study (Liu et al., 1961). The chromosome number 2n=ca. 84 is reported for H. ramiflora from Taiwan for the first time. As a result, eight species and two varieties, including one new variety - H. dichondroides var. tatunensis, were treated. Two erroneous names, H. benguetensis and H. dichondroides were corrected as H. delicate and H. ×ranunculifolia respectively. A natural hydrid Hydrocotyle ×ranunculifolia, putatively derived from H. batrachium and H. dichondroides var. tatunensis, was recognized based on intermediate morphology and extremely low stainability of pollen grains. The rediscovery of H. javaica and H. dichondroides var. dichondroides, which has been ignored for a long time, is also documented. Based on the re-collection of H. keelungensis, a species has never been collected except the type collection, the author treats it as synonymy of H. sibthorpioides var. tuberifera (Ohwi) Yamazaki.