Books: 'Targeted integration'

1

Bank, World, ed. Clearing the global health fog: A systematic review of the evidence on integration of health systems and targeted interventions. Washington, D.C: World Bank, 2009.

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2

Normand, Andrew C. Proposals for the integration of aims, objectives and targets in the Scottish criminial justice system. Edinburgh: Scottish Executive, 2003.

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3

Africa Institute of South Africa, ed. Millennium development goals: Achievements and prospects of meeting the targets in Africa. Pretoria, South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa, 2008.

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4

Benucci, Antonella, Giulia I. Grosso, and Viola Monaci. Linguistica Educativa e contesti migratori. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-570-4.

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The volume, produced within the framework of the COMMIT project “Fostering the Integration of Resettled Refugees in Croatia, Italy, Portugal and Spain”, concerns the current European situation, and in particular the teaching of L2 in its relations and interdisciplinary exchanges with other scientific fields dealing with migratory phenomena; therefore, starting from the COMMIT experience, it offers a wide perspective, going beyond the borders of the countries involved in the project and identifying good practices that can be replicated in different territorial and social contexts to ensure successful social inclusion of newly arrived citizens. COMMIT is a project funded by the European Commission (DG HOME), co-financed by the Ministry of Interior and the Project Partners and managed by the Mediterranean Coordination Office of the International Organization for Migration (IOM), in Italy. The project was implemented in collaboration with the IOM Missions in Croatia, Portugal and Spain, together with the Communitas Consortium, the Adecco Foundation for Equal Opportunities and the University for Foreigners of Siena (UNISTRASI). The project activities were implemented from 1 January 2019 to 30 April 2021. The project, based on the idea that successful integration of resettled refugees occurs both by putting in place certain structural conditions and by promoting mutual exchange between resettled refugees and their host communities, aimed to support their integration into their new communities, with a special focus on women and young refugees as particularly vulnerable groups. A secure humanitarian migration route to the European Union launched in 2013 is targeted at refugees who are beneficiaries of resettlement. Several Member States, including Croatia, Italy, Portugal and Spain, have therefore established or strengthened their national resettlement and humanitarian admission programmes for resettled refugees of Syrian, Eritrean, Ethiopian or Sudanese origin. In preparation for resettlement, beneficiaries participate in a series of pre-departure cultural orientation activities. Among them, training in L2 language and culture plays a crucial role. The book hence tries to offer answers to the many challenges that characterise the field of language education in contexts marked by the presence of migrants from an interdisciplinary perspective. It provides for effective solutions for an inclusive language education, attentive to ‘vulnerable’ subjects, paying attention to the interweaving of complex individual, social, cultural and economic contexts, such as school and university training courses and reception and resettlement programmes in host societies. In particular, the current situation in Italy, regarding both teaching L2 in a school context and teaching modern languages to adult foreigners, is still lacking in interdisciplinary relations and exchanges between language teaching and other scientific fields dealing with migratory phenomena. However, in recent years a particular sensitivity and empathy towards linguistic and cultural contact have developed.

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5

V, Kuosmanen, and Gaál Gabor, eds. Exploration target selection by integration of geodata using statistical and image processing techniques, an example from central Finland. Espoo: Geological Survey of Finland, 1988.

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6

McKay, C. A study of system interface sets (SIS) for the host, target and integration environments of the space station program (SSP). [Houston, Tex.]: Research Institute for Computing and Information Systems, University of Houston-Clear Lake, 1987.

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7

Combelles-Siegel, Pascale. Target Bosnia: Integrating information activities in peace operations : NATO-led operations in Bosnia-Herzegovina, December 1995-1997. Washington, DC: National Defense University, 1998.

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8

Levesque, Roger J. R. The Dramatic Clarification of School Segregation and Diversity Law. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190633639.003.0001.

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Educational segregation is spreading. Although rising percentages of different ethnic/racial and multiracial groups complicate statistical findings, Blacks still remain substantially more segregated from Whites than other racial/ethnic groups, even despite the legacy of school desegregation and integration efforts targeted at Black youth. This chapter examines the spread of educational segregation and highlights how the legal system increasingly views such segregation as outside of the legal system’s reach. It examines how the legal system approaches discrimination and notes how the book explores the source, nature, and implications of what constitutes segregation and related phenomena, such as desegregation, integration, and discrimination. It concludes by detailing the arguments made in the remainder of the book.

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9

Kaufmann, Philipp A., and Oliver Gaemperli. Hybrid Cardiac Imaging. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392094.003.0028.

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Assessment of both coronary anatomy and myocardial perfusion are equally important for the appropriate treatment of patients with stable coronary artery disease. Cardiac hybrid imaging allows integration of coronary anatomy and perfusion in one all-in-one image, thereby avoiding mental integration of findings. In selected subgroups of patients, cardiac hybrid imaging has demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy compared to single modalities. The combination of coronary anatomy and function provides incremental prognostic information and improves risk stratification of patients with suspected or known CAD. Aside from CT coronary angiography, coronary artery calcium score (CACS) scans obtained from native ECG-triggered CT are used for hybrid imaging. They are used either for attenuation correction, or can be combined with radionuclide information to improve CAD detection and risk stratification. A large number of integrated hybrid scanners are commercially available and offer advantages for cardiac hybrid imaging. However, these devices are not mandatory, and hybrid imaging is perfectly feasible from two separate datasets using appropriate image fusion software. Cardiac magnetic resonance has entered the arena of hybrid imaging and several integrated PET/MRI devices are already commercially available. Its advantages include the lack of ionizing radiation and a high spatial resolution, particularly for soft tissue structures. In research, hybrid imaging moves beyond its conventional borders of perfusion imaging to target specific molecular or biological pathways that underlie cardiac disease, a concept known as molecular imaging. The combination of radionuclide imaging with CT or MRI offers attractive features to co-localize biological signals from radiolabeled targeted compounds with microanatomical structures.

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10

Burton, Derek, and Margaret Burton. Integration and control: hormones. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198785552.003.0010.

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Fish, and other vertebrates, possess both a neural control system and a hormonal one dependent on the circulation. Fish hormones may be secreted by well-defined endocrine glands or by diffuse tissue and can have profound effects on the function of target tissues or organs which possess receptor molecules recognized by specific hormones. Some endocrine activities in fish are not relevant to mammals, and vice versa. Thus fish can have chromatophores controlled hormonally to change skin colour, the same hormones having different roles in mammals. Likewise, ‘prolactin’ in fish cannot regulate lactation. Individual endocrine glands, tissues and cells of fish are described in detail and the possible roles of their hormones are discussed. Fish endocrinology is becoming increasingly important with the realization of its potential applications in aquaculture and with the recognition of the consequences of pollutant endocrine disruption.

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11

Vegoda, Paul R. Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise: HIMSS Target Issues Monograph. HIMSS, 2001.

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12

Möckel, Paul. Target2-Problematik - Europäische Integration des Finanzsektors Mit Nebenwirkungen: Analyse der Ursachen der Target2-Salden und Mögliche Lösungsszenar. Bachelor + Master Publishing, 2014.

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13

Cavanagh, Patrick, Lorella Battelli, and Alex Holcombe. Dynamic Attention. Edited by Anna C. (Kia) Nobre and Sabine Kastner. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199675111.013.016.

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The authors review how attention helps track and process dynamic events, selecting and integrating information across time and space to produce a continuing identity for a moving, changing target. Rather than a fixed ‘spotlight’ that helps identify a static target, attention needs a mobile window or ‘pointer’ to track a moving target, picking up pieces of evidence along the way to determine not just what the target is, but what it is doing. Behavioural studies show that this dynamic version of attention is model-based, using familiar trajectories to help identify a target and to guide encoding of continuing input from its path. Attention has very coarse temporal resolution for both static and moving targets. However, when the focus of selection is on the move, a given location on a moving target’s path can be selected for extremely brief instants, as little as 50 ms, compared to the typical ‘dwell time’ or minimum duration of attention selection at a fixed location, of 200 ms or more. To determine the path of a moving object, attention must accurately process and sort the onsets and offsets in order to match an offset to the subsequent onset. This aspect of dynamic attention has been called the ‘when’ pathway and patient studies show that it is a qualitatively different system from spatial attention, being completely based in the right parietal lobe for events in both hemifields. Finally, like the salience map of spatial attention, temporal attention may have its own map that guides allocation to upcoming, current, and recent moments to select information at the appropriate time, changing the experience of time as it does so.

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14

Liponis, Mark, and Bettina Martin. An Integrative Approach to the Assessment and Treatment of Inflammatory Conditions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190241254.003.0017.

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The past two decades have seen great progress in recognizing the importance of inflammation in medicine. Increased focus on inflammation in both prevention and treatment has improved outcomes and quality of life in chronic diseases. Science has improved our understanding of inflammation’s many causes and effects on health, and many advances have been made in the availability of targeted therapeutic options for treating inflammation. This chapter gives an overview of recognizing the many causes of inflammation, its many targeted treatments strategies, and the questions that still surround it. It discusses several integrative approaches to reducing inflammation, including exercise, diet, and different strategies for managing sleep, mood, and stress, such as meditation and massage.

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15

Seyfried, Thomas N., 1946- writer of foreword, ed. Keto for cancer: Ketogenic metabolic therapy as a targeted nutritional strategy. Chelsea Green Publishing, 2017.

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16

Keto for Cancer: Ketogenic Metabolic Therapy As a Targeted Nutritional Strategy. Chelsea Green Publishing, 2017.

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17

Marktorientierte Steuerung Der Gemeinkosten Im Rahmen Des Target Costing: Ein Konzept Zur Integration Von Target Costing Und Prozesskostenmanagement (Europaische Hochschulschriften). Peter Lang Pub Inc, 2002.

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18

Venzin, Markus, Matteo Vizzaccaro, and Fabrizio Rutschmann. Making Mergers and Acquisitions Work: From Strategy and Target Selection to Post Merger Integration. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2018.

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19

Venzin, Markus, Matteo Vizzaccaro, and Fabrizio Rutschmann. Making Mergers and Acquisitions Work: From Strategy and Target Selection to Post Merger Integration. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2017.

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20

Venzin, Markus, Matteo Vizzaccaro, and Fabrizio Rutschmann. Making Mergers and Acquisitions Work: From Strategy and Target Selection to Post Merger Integration. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2018.

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21

Morrison, Alan R., Joseph C. Wu, and Mehran M. Sadeghi. Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392094.003.0029.

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Cardiovascular molecular imaging is a relatively young but rapidly expanding discipline that consists of a biologically-targeted approach to the assessment of physiologic and pathologic processes in vivo. This novel approach to imaging involves the integration of multiple disciplines such as cell and molecular biology, chemistry, and imaging sciences. The ultimate goal is quantitative assessment of cardiovascular processes at the cellular and molecular level, moving beyond traditional diagnostic information, in order to guide individually tailored therapy. In fact, it is likely that specific approaches to molecular imaging will be developed in tandem with the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Recent advances in probe development and imaging systems have contributed to evolution of molecular imaging toward clinical translational. These include technological progress in traditional imaging platforms; along with the emergence of newer imaging modalities such as photoacoustic imaging. In addition, hybrid imaging (e.g. nuclear imaging with CT or MRI) has the potential for improved spatial localization, and more accurate quantification by coupling anatomic and biological information. In addition to potential clinical applications that address existing diagnostic gaps in cardiovascular medicine, molecular imaging allows for unique approaches to studying pathophysiology. This chapter is intended to provide an overview of the state of the art in cardiovascular molecular imaging, highlighting how it may improve the management of major cardiovascular diseases.

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22

Ochoa, Rolando. Intimate Crimes. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198798460.001.0001.

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This book analyses the survival strategies that wealthy people in Mexico City have designed and implemented to protect themselves from kidnapping, with special focus on household employment relationships. This particular crime has demonstrated a particular evolution in the last twenty years that deserves analysis. Once a political crime, it became an economic crime that at first only targeted wealthy individuals and then over time began targeting working-class victims. This book presents a detailed history of the evolution of kidnapping in the period 1968 to 2009. It links this evolution to processes of democratization and liberalization which took place in Mexico since the 1980s. This is followed by an in-depth analysis of the strategies used by potential kidnapping victims to protect themselves from this crime, from the community level to the micro-individual level. Special attention is focused on the hiring process of household employees, namely drivers, as evidence suggests that most kidnappings are organized or facilitated in some way by a close collaborator of the victim. In this case, the book focuses on the hiring of drivers in the household. The hiring process is approached as a problem of trust. Signaling theory is the main framework used for solving this problem, as well as some ideas found in transaction cost economics, namely vertical integration.

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23

Cordova, Carlos B. The Salvadoran Americans. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216010685.

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Salvadorans and other Central Americans have a strong presence in the United States because of the recent civil wars, natural disasters, and resulting economic downturns in the region. Most fled the right-wing death squads that were funded by the Reagan and first Bush Administrations and that targeted civilian populations in the 1980s and 1990s. The war in El Salvador left more than 80,000 people dead and more than 9,000 disappeared. In The Salvadoran Americans, readers will understand the fuller context of Salvadoran and Central American immigration to the United States and how these new Americans are adjusting to and contributing to U.S. society. The land of El Salvador and its demography, language, history, including the war and Peace Accords, culture, and religion are briefly surveyed to begin. A major section then covers the immigration laws and status of the refugees once they arrived. The reasons for emigration and waves of migrations of Central Americans since the 1870s are explained further. Recent demographics offer concrete numbers to better analyze the new populations. Other chapters cover adjustment and integration issues, emphasizing family and community influences. Employment, political, health, and youth issues, including gang participation, are discussed. The contributions to U.S. society and culture, including participation in the labor force, food, and artistic output, as well as profiles of noted Salvadorans in the United States, round out the narrative.

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24

Predicting Suicide Attacks: Integrating Spatial, Temporal, and Social Features of Terrorist Attack Targets. RAND Corporation, 2013.

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25

Gancone, Agita. Transition Towards Result-Based Agriculture Sector and Climate Targets. RTU Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7250/9789934227967.

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In the agriculture sector the reduction of greenhouse gases (GHG) is a major challenge, but at the same time it is possible to achieve it with smart reduction measures. The main aim of the Thesis is to develop an integrative decision-making methodology for evaluation of GHG emission reduction measures in the agriculture sector, thus moving towards the result-based agriculture sector and climate neutrality from the perspective of evaluation of climate change mitigation. The Thesis is designed as a set of publications including the main GHG emission problems in the agriculture sector.

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26

Ryff, Carol D., and Robert F. Krueger, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Integrative Health Science. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190676384.001.0001.

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This handbook signals a paradigm shift in health research. Population-based disciplines have employed large national samples to examine how sociodemographic factors contour rates of morbidity and mortality. Behavioral and psychosocial disciplines have studied the factors that influence these domains using small, nonrepresentative samples in experimental or longitudinal contexts. Biomedical disciplines, drawing on diverse fields, have examined mechanistic processes implicated in disease outcomes. The collection of chapters in this handbook embraces all such prior approaches and, via targeted questions, illustrates how they can be woven together. Diverse contributions showcase how social structural influences work together with psychosocial influences or experiential factors to impact differing health outcomes, including profiles of biological risk across distinct physiological systems. These varied biopsychosocial advances have grown up around the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) national study of health, begun over 20 years ago and now encompassing over 12,000 Americans followed through time. The overarching principle behind the MIDUS enterprise is that deeper understanding of why some individuals remain healthy and well as they move across the decades of adult life, while others succumb to differing varieties of disease, dysfunction, or disability, requires a commitment to comprehensiveness that attends to the interplay of multiple interacting influences. Put another way, all of the disciplines mentioned have reliably documented influences on health, but in and of themselves, each is inherently limited because it neglects factors known to matter for health outside the discipline’s purview. Integrative health science is the alternative seeking to overcome these limitations.

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27

Seukwa, Louis Henri. Integration of Refugees into the European Education and Labour Market: Requirements for a Target Group Oriented Approach. Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, Peter, 2013.

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28

Integration of Refugees into the European Education and Labour Market: Requirements for a Target Group Oriented Approach. Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, Peter, 2013.

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29

Integrating Functional Genomics with Systems Biology to Discover Drivers and Therapeutic Targets of Human Malignancies. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2012.

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30

Exploration target selection by integration of geodata using statistical and image processing techniques, an example from central Finland. Espoo: Geological Survey of Finland, 1988.

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31

Ludlow, N. Piers. 9. From Deadlock to Dynamism. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780199570829.003.0010.

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This chapter examines the origins of the European Community's (EC) transformation, arguing that the most important factor was the emergence of a new degree of consensus among economic and political leaders about what ‘Europe’ should do. In the course of the mid-1980s, the EC went from being a seemingly moribund entity to a rapidly developing success story. The launch of the single market programme revitalized the EC, helped it overcome long-standing institutional paralyses, created onward pressure for yet more integration, and forced the rest of the world to pay heed to the European integration process once more. The chapter explains how the apparently narrow target of establishing an internal market within the EC encouraged multiple other efforts to integrate Western Europe more closely. It also considers the important role played by national governments and the European Council in shaping the direction of European integration.

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32

Fischer, Manuel. Institutions and Policy Networks in Europe. Edited by Jennifer Nicoll Victor, Alexander H. Montgomery, and Mark Lubell. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190228217.013.36.

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This chapter reviews the European literature on institutions and policy networks. Institutions provide actors with opportunities and constraints for negotiation and cooperation and thus influence the structure of policy networks. The chapter first presents studies on the influence of country- and sector-level institutions on the structure of policy networks. The respective literature deals with the influence of consensual democracy versus majoritarian democracy, corporatist systems of interest intermediation, multiple levels of governance, degrees of European Union integration, processes of liberalization and democratization, and policy-process-specific venues on policy networks. The chapter then discusses the positions and roles of state actors in policy networks. Due to their formal decision-making power, state actors are either networking targets or play a key role in terms of network integration, brokerage, or network management. The review concludes with a short discussion of commonalities and directions for future research.

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33

Cook, Amy L., and Ian P. Levy, eds. Activating Youth as Change Agents. Oxford University PressNew York, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197677759.001.0001.

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Abstract Activating Youth as Change Agents: Integrating YPAR in School Counseling is targeted for school counseling professionals and trainees who are seeking to engage in culturally responsive counseling practice that helps build counselors’ self-awareness, understanding of bias, and collaboration with others to improve systems that are unjust. Additionally, this book will provide practitioners and counselors in training with group counseling skills focused on action and how to engage in social justice efforts both locally at their school and in their communities. Each chapter includes: a) descriptions of the use of a YPAR process at a given system level (in small/large groups, with families, at the classroom, and district levels, etc.); b) how to navigate barriers and/or tensions when doing YPAR work; and c) reflective prompts for readers.

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34

Nevaer, Louis E. V. Rise of the Hispanic Market in the United States: Challenges, Dilemmas, and Opportunities for Corporate Management. Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.

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35

Nevaer, Louis E. V. Rise of the Hispanic Market in the United States: Challenges, Dilemmas, and Opportunities for Corporate Management. Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.

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36

Adams, Reginald B., Daniel N. Albohn, and Kestutis Kveraga. A Social Vision Account of Facial Expression Perception. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190613501.003.0017.

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In this chapter, we discuss prospects for a future computational neuropsychology. Computerized approaches to assessment, the ability to implement life-like scenarios in a controlled virtual environment, and teleneuropsychology offer promise for expanding available approaches to cognitive remediation and self-monitoring. Computational models are also available increasingly for integrating neuroimaging into the assessment process. Neuropsychologists can use neuroimaging to develop new frameworks for neuropsychological testing that are rooted in the current evidence base on large-scale brain system interactions. This will allow for traditional assessment of discrete areas of neurocognitive functioning to be brought in line with recent findings that highly nuanced relations exist among brain networks. Furthermore, the new findings from systems neuroscience may allow for the development of neuropsychological assessments with greater accuracy and increased targeted testing. Neuroinfomatic approaches offer computational neuropsychology an approach to knowledge sharing via well-defined neuropsychological ontologies and collaborative knowledgebases.

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37

Pantilat, Steven Z., Anthony E. Steimle, and Patricia M. Davidson. Advanced heart disease. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199656097.003.0153.

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Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the developed world and causes significant morbidity and repeated hospitalization. Optimal medical management and targeted use of devices can improve survival and quality of life for people with heart failure (HF). Despite optimal management of HF symptoms including breathlessness, pain, fatigue and oedema may persist and palliative care interventions may be needed. Palliative care specialists must be aware that referral to HF specialists may be necessary for patients with advanced HF. The risk of sudden death at every stage of HF means that palliative care treatments should be integrated into care for all patients. Palliative care should enhance communication among clinicians and with the patient and family, and should provide options for treatment of symptoms and deactivation of devices. Integrating palliative care alongside HF care can increase quality of life, decrease suffering and health-care costs, and improve quality of care.

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38

Larsen, Christa, Jenny Kipper, Alfons Schmid, and Marco Ricceri, eds. The Relevance of Artificial Intelligence in the Digital and Green Transformation of Regional and Local Labour Markets Across Europe. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783957104113.

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The last few years have brought major changes to regional and local labour markets. Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools are a promising way to ensure the functionality of the labour market and, at the same time, to support continued growth in employment and strengthen the integration of many marginalised target groups into the labour market through social inclusion and protection. This publication by the European Network on Regional Labour Market Monitoring illuminates the functionalities of AI tools for the improvement of labour market functions, especially with respect to fair and socially sustainable work. It presents known AI solutions and identifies existing gaps in this regard. It is also of interest how public employment services could use AI tools to shape their ‘new’ role as regional and local nodes in labour market monitoring and their consulting role for labour market actors. More than 30 authors from different European countries and beyond describe their experiences and approaches in the context of their use of AI with a special focus on regional and local labour markets, target groups, and specific sectors and industries.

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39

Cañete, Juan D., and Julio Ramírez. Enthesitis. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198737582.003.0011.

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Enthesitis is common in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) occurring in50–60% of patients in clinical trials. Outcome measures for enthesitis have been developed, but its clinical diagnosis may be challenging at sites other than the Achilles and plantar insertions. Power Doppler ultrasound is more sensitive than clinical examination in detecting inflammatory and/or structural changes in asymptomatic patients, which have an unknown significance. Magnetic resonance imaging is useful to evaluate enthesitis and the best technique for osteitis. The concept of synovial–entheseal complex highlights the functional link between the entheseal site and synovium, supporting an important role for biomechanical stress in enthesitis, which is proposed as the primary lesion in PsA. Animal models have improved our understanding of molecular pathways, particularly TNF and IL-23/IL-17 cytokines, and new successful targeted therapies have been developed to treat enthesitis. Prospective studies integrating clinical and image examination will be crucial to better define the clinical implications of enthesitis changes.

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40

Salillas, Elena, and Carlo Semenza. Mapping the Brain for Math. Edited by Roi Cohen Kadosh and Ann Dowker. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199642342.013.046.

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Brain stimulation techniques allow for the search of crucial areas for a given function. Not always convergent with neuroimaging, TMS studies have targeted parietal areas critical for quantity representation, spatio-numerical links, numerical and non-numerical quantity, finger gnosis and calculation. TMS data indicate the intraparietal sulcus and surrounding areas in the left and right hemisphere as crucial for quantity processing, although left hemisphere might be dominant. Bilateral parietal loci are essential for calculation and bilateral parietal areas are behind the spatio-numerical link, which extends to frontal and posterior parietal sites. DCE studies to date have focused on the dominant hemisphere, have used calculation tasks and have found both dissociation and overlap between operations. An integrative view of positive findings and a focus on convergence and possible improvement is proposed. Although regularities are found between these techniques, more research is needed before arriving at conclusions that will have basic and clinical importance.

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41

Bradley, John C. The Psychopharmacological Treatment of Individuals at Risk of Recurrent Suicidal Behavior. Edited by Phillip M. Kleespies. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199352722.013.40.

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Mental illness is the primary risk factor for suicidal ideation, attempts, and completion. Effective treatment of the psychiatric condition is the foundational strategy to reduce the risk of suicide associated with these conditions, but few medications can be demonstrated to independently reduce the risk of suicide. This chapter will describe how psychopharmacological treatment can be included as a component of bio-psycho-social treatments within the context of a recovery model for suicide prevention. The evidence for medication therapies will be reviewed both for specific behavioral health conditions and for any reduced suicide risk independent of general therapeutic effects to treat underlying conditions. A framework strategy will be described for the integration of evidence-based clinical decision making to provide the most effective treatment that also specifically targets suicide risk for patients.

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42

Mason, Peggy. Introduction to Homeostasis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190237493.003.0026.

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Three common misconceptions regarding homeostasis are dispelled. First, the brain has the unique ability to mount an anticipatory defense against changes that could potentially push the body’s physiology out of homeostatic range. Such anticipation of needed adjustments is contrasted to the model of homeostasis as a servomechanism. Second, homeostasis depends on many neurons, not just those in the hypothalamus. Yet hypothalamic neurons play a special role in the integration of challenges and coordination of diverse effector reactions. Third, the idea that homeostasis is the purview of the autonomic nervous system is corrected. As exemplified by respiration and micturition, the brain employs skeletal muscle as well as autonomic targets in supporting visceral life. Finally, the allostatic perspective on the brain’s contribution to staying alive is contrasted with the standard homeostatic perspective and illustrated by examples.

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43

Roche, Benjamin, Hélène Broutin, and Frédéric Simard. Optimizing public health strategies in low-income countries: the challegens to apply the scientific knowledge for disease control and for which diseases. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789833.003.0020.

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The objective of this book is to review the fundamental knowledge in ecology and evolution of infectious disease, as well as how it can be translated into opportunities to improve public health strategies in low-income countries, as well as in accounting and prompting for multisector interactions with the fields of economics, sociology and geopolitics, among others. The chapter explores challenges to applying the scientific knowledge for disease control, and it considers which disease to target. The chapter goes over the main recommendations arising from evolutionary ecology for infectious disease–control programs in low-income settings, and it highlights some crucial points that need to be considered to facilitate and accelerate integration of this fundamental knowledge to improve the efficiency of pathogen control.

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44

Babo-Rebelo, Mariana, and Catherine Tallon-Baudry. Interoceptive signals, brain dynamics, and subjectivity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198811930.003.0003.

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The self has long been hypothesized to be rooted in the neural monitoring of bodily signals. We propose here to focus on visceral inputs, which present some key characteristics. Inputs from the heart or the gastrointestinal tract are continuously produced, and can reach multiple cortical targets. In addition, cardiac inputs elicit a neural response at each heartbeat that can be recorded non-invasively in humans, even in the absence of measurable changes in bodily state. We review the recent experimental evidence that neural responses to heartbeats are related to the self, in situations where the self is explicit or reflective (bodily awareness, thinking about oneself) but also when the self is implicit (the self as the agent, the self experiencing a visual input). These results are compatible with our proposal that the integration of visceral signals generates a subject-centered reference frame underlying different facets of the self.

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Joyner, Alexandra, ed. Gene Targeting. Oxford University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199637928.001.0001.

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Since the publication of the first edition of Gene Targeting: A Practical Approach in 1993 there have been many advances in gene targeting and this new edition has been thoroughly updated and rewritten to include all the major new techniques. It provides not only tried-and-tested practical protocols but detailed guidance on their use and applications. As with the previous edition Gene Targeting: A Practical Approach 2e concentrates on gene targeting in mouse ES cells, but the techniques described can be easily adapted to applications in tissue culture including those for human cells. The first chapter covers the design of gene targeting vectors for mammalian cells and describes how to distinguish random integrations from homologous recombination. It is followed by a chapter on extending conventional gene targeting manipulations by using site-specific recombination using the Cre-loxP and Flp-FRT systems to produce 'clean' germline mutations and conditionally (in)activating genes. Chapter 3 describes methods for introducing DNA into ES cells for homologous recombination, selection and screening procedures for identifying and recovering targeted cell clones, and a simple method for establishing new ES cell lines. Chapter 4 discusses the pros and cons or aggregation versus blastocyst injection to create chimeras, focusing on the technical aspects of generating aggregation chimeras and then describes some of the uses of chimeras. The next topic covered is gene trap strategies; the structure, components, design, and modification of GT vectors, the various types of GT screens, and the molecular analysis of GT integrations. The final chapter explains the use of classical genetics in gene targeting and phenotype interpretation to create mutations and elucidate gene functions. Gene Targeting: A Practical Approach 2e will therefore be of great value to all researchers studying gene function.

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Hurst, Henry. The Textual and Archaeological Evidence. Edited by Martin Millett, Louise Revell, and Alison Moore. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199697731.013.005.

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This chapter challenges the traditional view that we have little written documentation for Roman Britain by outlining the mass of written evidence found within Britain, much of it discovered or published since the 1980s, and it looks at examples relating to different sectors of society. Texts are seen as artefacts, and so their study should not just be about their content, but also about how they might have functioned in a society which was mainly illiterate. The integration of textual and archaeological information has sometimes been misjudged, but ultimately 'histories' and 'archaeologies' of Roman Britain have the same target. If different disciplinary requirements in analysis are respected, information can be synthesized to good effect. Histories and archaeologies of Roman Britain need to take more account of the body of writing we have now, rather than that which existed a generation or more ago.

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The Rise of the Hispanic Market in the United States: Challenges, Dilemmas, and Opportunities for Corporate Management. M.E. Sharpe, 2004.

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The rise of the Hispanic market in the United States: Challenges, dilemmas, and opportunities for corporate management. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 2004.

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Verschure, Paul F. M. J. A chronology of Distributed Adaptive Control. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199674923.003.0036.

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This chapter presents the Distributed Adaptive Control (DAC) theory of the mind and brain of living machines. DAC provides an explanatory framework for biological brains and an integration framework for synthetic ones. DAC builds on several themes presented in the handbook: it integrates different perspectives on mind and brain, exemplifies the synthetic method in understanding living machines, answers well-defined constraints faced by living machines, and provides a route for the convergent validation of anatomy, physiology, and behavior in our explanation of biological living machines. DAC addresses the fundamental question of how a living machine can obtain, retain, and express valid knowledge of its world. We look at the core components of DAC, specific benchmarks derived from the engagement with the physical and the social world (the H4W and the H5W problems) in foraging and human–robot interaction tasks. Lastly we address how DAC targets the UTEM benchmark and the relation with contemporary developments in AI.

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Rebelo, Pia. Green Shipping Contracts. Hart Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781509967957.

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This book applies a contract-governance theory to the implementation of decarbonisation objectives in the international maritime sector. In doing so, it provides an overview of how the network of contractual relationships that characterise commercial shipping can become effective sites of collaboration between shipping actors to improve upon energy efficiency and CO2 reduction. To achieve this aim, the book investigates and develops a set of contractual tools that can enable private actors to strengthen their commitments to net-zero targets (whether state-mandated or voluntary) and develop cooperative norms to guide decision-making and contractual interpretation. These mechanisms include contractual clauses and drafting considerations which can secure a desired outcome for contractual performance, thereby managing climate risks and providing adequate remedy where such risks materialise. In a transnational sector such as shipping, where contracts can exert greater influence on corporate decarbonisation efforts than international regulation, the book challenges the traditional limitations of contract law and calls for a deeper integration of green principles into private relationships.

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Books on the topic 'Targeted integration'

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