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Journal articles on the topic "Tanzania"

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Minja, Godbless G., Devotha G. Nyambo, and Anael E. Sam. "Database Privacy: Design of User Privacy Preserving Central Bank Digital Currency: A Case of Tanzania." Indian Journal Of Science And Technology 17, no. 14 (April 3, 2024): 1439–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v17i14.3193.

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Objectives: This work aims to contribute towards Tanzanian Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) users’ privacy preservation. It proposes the design of a privacy preserving CBDC which might be issued by Tanzania's Central Bank (CB), the Bank of Tanzania (BoT), which is currently in CBDC research phase. The work also aims to contribute to literature, the CBDC research being done by BoT, other CBs and CBDC stakeholders around the world. Methods: By using the Design Science Research (DSR) methodology, a privacy preserving CBDC design suitable for Tanzania was proposed, demonstrated and evaluated. This is the result of existing literature showing that different countries have different CBDC designs due to their differences in contexts and purposes for CBDC issuance. This consequently emphasized the fact that a CBDC design should not be treated as a one-size fits all solution. Findings: As opposed to the existing general and other country specific CBDC designs, we proposed a privacy preserving CBDC design suitable for Tanzania by consulting literature and taking into consideration the Tanzanian context. The design appears to be promising Tanzanian CBDC users’ privacy preservation though further work needs to be done. The work should not only be on practical evaluation of the proposed design but also on other factors impacting the success of CBDC projects. This will consequently further increase the success probability of CBDC projects, hence the potential for practical realization of CBDC project benefits. Novelty: Existing literature has shown that, considering the countries’ differences in context and CBDC issuance purposes, CBDC design should not be treated as a generic solution thereby obliging the need for country-specific CBDC designs. Consequently, the privacy preserving CBDC design suitable specifically for Tanzania consists of and provides an outline of privacy preserving interactions among the identified key Tanzanian CBDC participants or actors. The actors are the BoT, the intermediaries (i.e., other banks and payment service providers), Tanzania’s National Identification Authority (NIDA), financial transactions violation detection engine, and the expected CBDC users. Keywords: Digital currency, database privacy, central bank digital currency, privacy
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Kostelyanets, Sergey V. "Tanzania: Political Development in the Context of Julius Nyerere's Legacy." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 3 (2022): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080018254-6.

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13 April 2022 marked the 100th anniversary of the birth of the first president of independent Tanzania Julius Kambarage Nyerere, whose political legacy has continued to exert great influence in the country after his death in 1999. The successors of Mwalimu (“teacher”), as Tanzanians called him, to the highest office were guided by his “vision of the future of Tanzania”, on the one hand, and used – not always appropriately – his name when promoting their own agenda, on the other. The paper examines the main vectors of the political development of Tanzania in the context of the succession of subsequent regimes. The authors analyze the main points of the formation of the Tanzanian nation and the reasons for the gradual departure of the country's leaders from the principles of “African socialism” and from the preservation of economic equality, national unity, etc., which were of paramount importance during Mwalimu's rule. Employing the theoretical-analytical and systemic-historical approaches to characterize Tanzanian political regimes, the authors conclude that, firstly, owing to the foundations of nation-building laid down by Mwalimu, Tanzania has for almost six decades maintained political stability, expressed primarily in the exclusively constitutional transfer of power from one political leader to another; secondly, that under the influence of internal and external political and economic processes, the principles of “African socialism” were gradually and peacefully replaced by market relations. Accordingly, in the 2010s-2020s Tanzanians found themselves in an era of “post-Nyererism”, although they retained national unity and pride in being “citizens of Tanzania”.
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Getta, Elizaveta. "Interpreting in Tanzania from the perspective of Tanzanian interpreters." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 67, no. 5 (September 29, 2021): 553–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.00241.get.

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Abstract The study overviews the role of interpreting services in Tanzania, presenting mainly the experience of practicing freelance interpreters. The two official languages of Tanzania – English and Swahili – have separate roles in the country. Although most Tanzanians accept English as a necessary medium of intercultural communication, Swahili is perceived as an important part of Tanzanian national identity. It is the country’s lingua franca. On the one hand, Tanzania aims to preserve communication in Swahili; on the other hand, there is an inevitable need for intercultural communication with the rest of the world that grows especially in the context of globalization. The paper focuses on the role, status, education, working languages, conditions of Tanzanian interpreters, and the requirements of local and international clients. The study also creates a broader context that mentions crucial historical moments that have influenced the country’s current character of intercultural communication.
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MGAYA, Edward Simon. "FROM INVESTORS TO DO-IT-ALL: CHINESE IMMIGRANTS, THEIR ACTIVITIES AND LOCAL PEOPLE’S PERCEPTIONS IN TANZANIA, 1990s TO PRESENT." JOURNAL OF SINO-AFRICAN STUDIES 1, no. 1 (October 31, 2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.56377/jsas.v1n1.0117.

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Since the 1990s, there has been an unprecedented rise in the number of Chinese immigrants across Africa. In Tanzania, the influx of Chinese people forming social-economic clusters—‘Chinatowns’ is springing. The new individual Chinese quest for achievement, necessitating new waves of migration to Africa, is not yet well researched. This paper examines this new trend as it manifests in the Tanzanian context. It looks at the motivation for Chinese migration to Tanzania, their networks, activities, and the local people’s perceptions of those engagements. Using information gathered from surveys, written and oral sources, the paper establishes that since the 1990s, Chinese migrants have increasingly turned from investors to engage in almost every small business they come across. Because of Tanzania’s generally small local economies, these relatively new entrants to a market have undoubtedly caused mixed perceptions among the locals. While the Sino-African relationship is generally viewed positively by the Tanzanians, the Chinese residing in the country are perceived less positively, as exemplified by perceived hostility and rudeness from the Chinese migrants.
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Andrzej Polus and Wojciech Tycholiz. "Gold, Gas and Lies: Extractive Sector in a Sub-Saharan Functional State. The Case of Natural Resource Sector in Tanzania." Politeja 15, no. 56 (June 18, 2019): 151–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/politeja.15.2018.56.09.

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Tanzania is usually presented as the most stable state is East Africa. Nevertheless political stability did not go hand in hand with economic development. The recent gas discoveries raised the issue of Tanzania’s readiness for the development of gas sector that will benefit the entire country instead of the rent orientated political elite. The development of the gas sector (although final decision about LNG terminal construction has not been taken yet) is correlated with President John Pombe Magufuli ( JPM) takeover of power and substantial changes on Tanzanian political scene. The Authors posed a question about the basis for a robust mining sector development in Tanzania under President Magufuli. The article’s first part presents Tanzania within the frameworks of “competitive-authoritarian regime” or “developmental neopatrimonial state”. Then we ask whether the system that catapulted JPM to the top job in the country can be change from the inside? Subsequently, we present dysfunctionalities of the Tanzanian mining sector with the special emphasis on gold mining, as well as challenges ahead of the country’s nascent natural gas sector.
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Vähäkangas, Auli M. "African Communality Contributing to the Dignity of the Terminally Ill: Traditional and Political Ujamaa in the Selian Hospice and Palliative Care Program in Tanzania." Exchange 45, no. 4 (November 22, 2016): 344–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1572543x-12341413.

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Tanzania’s first president Julius Nyerere’s Ujamaa (living together or living as one family) still extends its influence on Tanzanians’ understanding of communality. The era of Ujamaa socialism as a political system is now history, but some of its heritage still seems to influence how people in Tanzania regard family as well as community and how they act within their community. In this article I differentiate between Nyerere’s political Ujamaa and the traditional Tanzanian communality which was the model for Nyerere’s political program. I thus argue, that the Selian palliative care program could be seen as a present-day example of how Ujamaa — both in political and traditional forms — still influences communal life in Tanzania. The results of this study reveal that the Selian Hospice and Palliative Care Program uses dimensions of both traditional and political Ujamaa in order to protect the dignity of the dying patients. This is done subconsciously and eclectically. The term Ujamaa was not explicitly used in the data of this study. The Program seems to stress communality and social responsibility in general while clearly utilizing the values of both traditional and political Ujamaa all through its practices.
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Manu, Alexander, Nabila Zaka, Christina Bianchessi, Edward Maswanya, John Williams, and Shams E. Arifeen. "Respectful maternity care delivered within health facilities in Bangladesh, Ghana and Tanzania: a cross-sectional assessment preceding a quality improvement intervention." BMJ Open 11, no. 1 (January 2021): e039616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039616.

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ObjectiveTo assess respectful maternity care (RMC) in health facilities.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingForty-three (43) facilities across 15 districts in Bangladesh, 16 in Ghana and 12 in Tanzania.ParticipantsFacility managers; 325 providers (nurses/midwives/doctors)—Bangladesh (158), Ghana (86) and Tanzania (81); and 849 recently delivered women—Bangladesh (295), Ghana (381) and Tanzania (173)—were interviewed. Observation of 641 client–provider interactions was conducted—Bangladesh (387), Ghana (134) and Tanzania (120).AssessmentTrained social scientists and clinicians assessed infrastructure, policies, provision and women’s experiences of RMC (emotional support, respectful care and communication).Primary outcomeRMC provided and/or experienced by women.ResultsThree (20%) facilities in Bangladesh, four (25%) in Ghana and three (25%) in Tanzania had no maternity clients’ toilets and one-half had no handwashing facilities. Policies for RMC such as identification of client abuses were available: 81% (Ghana), 73% (Bangladesh) and 50% (Tanzania), but response was poor. Ninety-four (60%) Bangladeshi, 26 (30%) Ghanaian and 20 (25%) Tanzanian providers were not RMC trained. They provided emotional support during labour care to 107 (80%) women in Ghana, 95 (79%) in Tanzania and 188 (48.5%) in Bangladesh, and were often courteous with them—236 (61%) in Bangladesh, 119 (89%) in Ghana and 108 (90%) in Tanzania. Due to structural challenges, 169 (44%) women in Bangladesh, 49 (36%) in Ghana and 77 (64%) in Tanzania had no privacy during labour. Care was refused to 13 (11%) Tanzanian and 2 Bangladeshi women who could not pay illegal charges. Twenty-five (7%) women in Ghana, nine (6%) in Bangladesh and eight (5%) in Tanzania were verbally abused during care. Providers in all countries highly rated their care provision (95%–100%), and 287 (97%) of Bangladeshi women, 368 (97%) Ghanaians and 152 (88%) Tanzanians reported ‘satisfaction’ with the care they received. However, based on their facility experiences, significant (p<0.001) percentages—20% (Ghana) to 57% (Bangladesh)—will not return to the same facilities for future childbirth.ConclusionsFacilities in Bangladesh, Ghana and Tanzania have foundational systems that facilitate RMC. Structural inadequacies and policy gaps pose challenges. Many women were, however, unwilling to return to the same facilities for future deliveries although they (and providers) highly rated these facilities.
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Buchanan, Malcolm S. "‘Drugs, religion and chemistry in Tanzania’: an interactive seminar for chemistry students." Chemistry Education Research and Practice 16, no. 3 (2015): 552–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5rp00009b.

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Most Tanzanian Higher Education Institutes do not have the materials and technology to give students a significant practical experience in the sciences. In 2013 Tanzania was rated 159th out of 187 countries for ‘human development’ (United Nations Development Program 2014 Report). In order to supplement their current, limited practical experience, a culturally relevant, interactive seminar which makes the chemical sciences real to the world of Tanzanians was developed. This was achievedviaa Natural Product Drug Discovery seminar during which Tanzanian students were able to appreciate how Tanzanian culture is connected with the fundamentals and applications of the chemical sciences (in this case natural product drug discovery to combat diseases prevalent in Tanzania). Post-seminar evaluation and, observation of student behaviour and chemistry staff feedback supported the value of this seminar. An interactive seminar such as this provides an innovative method of chemical education, useful to motivate final year students and provide them with new ideas before they go into their communities to teach chemistry.
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Quaye, Randolph. "Is it Cash or Card? National Health Insurance Scheme of Tanzania: A Decade and Half of Progress." Tanzania Journal of Sociology 5 (December 31, 2019): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/tajoso.v5i.20.

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This paper explores the perspectives of Tanzanians since the introduction of the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) a decade and half ago. It examines the key objectives of the program by evaluating the impact of this program in meeting the health needs of Tanzanians. The study addressed specifc challenges posed by the program and experiences users have with the program. Study was undertaken in eastern Tanzania. Several respondents mentioned the easy access to better health provided by the scheme at a lower cost. Though several decried the poor quality of services and the rather limited options for accessing health care, most were of the view that Tanzania is on the right track in expanding health coverage to its citizens. As we better understand the role of social health insurance in Africa, the Tanzanian experience offers a window on how to expand health coverage to millions of Tanzanians.
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Denoncourt, Janice Ann. "Supporting Sustainable Development Goal 5 Gender Equality and Entrepreneurship in the Tanzanite Mine-to-Market." Sustainability 14, no. 7 (April 1, 2022): 4192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14074192.

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This article analyses how a strategy for Tanzania’s tanzanite gemstone mining sector could foster gender equality in the mine-to-market (M2M) supply chain, whilst enhancing opportunities for female entrepreneurship as part of the country’s sustainable economic development. In the mining industry, the contemporary concept of mapping artisanal and small-scale mining to the UN Sustainable Development Goals is a newer aspect of sustainability. SDG 5 aims to achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls. However, while there have been initiatives to support gemstone mining in Tanzania and East Africa, to date, the role of women in the lucrative tanzanite M2M supply chain has been less visible and a missed opportunity. This is a concern, as in 2019, pre-COVID-19 pandemic, gemstone and precious metals accounted for an incredible 33.2% of Tanzania’s total exports. In contrast, in leading mining countries such as Australia and Canada, the participation of women continues to steadily advance, economically empowering the women involved. This article contributes a critical review of Tanzanian mining regulation and licensing practice in a historical and gender equality context. A qualitative research case study showcases artisanal small-scale (ASM) tanzanite gemstone miner and entrepreneur Pili Hussein, with a view to support the formulation of a Tanzanian regional, female-oriented, M2M tanzanite strategy. The developed world experience of increasing levels of gender participation in mining provides evidence of a reduced gender pay gap and enhanced mine safety practice when women are involved. This research finds that increased investment in supporting women to participate in the tanzanite M2M gemstone supply chain positively impacts SDG 5 in the country. Furthermore, given Tanzania’s economic dependence on mining and the exceptional characteristics of rare, single-source tanzanite (a generational gemstones), we conclude that gender equality and female mine-to-market (M2M) entrepreneurship has an undervalued, yet important, role to play in Tanzania’s future socio-economic development.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tanzania"

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Olivier, Bernard. "The geology and petrology of the Merelani tanzanite deposit, NE Tanzania." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1093.

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Thesis (PhD (Earth Sciences))--University of Stellenbosch, 2008.
Tanzanite, a blue/violet gemstone variety of zoisite (Ca2Al2O.AlOH[Si2O7][SiO4]) is only produced in NE Tanzania. The only known locality is an approximately 7km2 deposit in the Merelani area. It is one of the most sought after gemstones in the world with an industry sales value of between hundred and fifty and two hundred million dollars per year. At the current production rates and estimated resources the tanzanite deposit has a life expectancy of around 20 years. Despite the economical and scientific importance as well as the geological uniqueness of the deposit very little research has been conducted on the geology and petrology of the deposit and the characteristics of tanzanite. The primary aim of the research summarised in this dissertation was to gain an understanding of the geological conditions that led to the formation of this unique variety of zoisite. In order to achieve this, a variety of geological disciplines were addressed including the lithostratigraphic setting, the deformational history, the metamorphic history and conditions, the geochemical and isotopic composition, the mineral chemistry as well as the physical and optical properties of the tanzanite. Extensive field work was conducted over a seven year period, which included surface and underground mapping, surface trenching, surface and underground core drilling, structural measurements and an intensive sampling programme. Various analytical techniques were used in order to petrologically and mineralogically investigate both the deposit and tanzanite itself, including optical microscopy, XRF analyses, laser-ablation ICP-MS, quantitative chemical analyses by means of the electron microprobe, XRD analyses, back-scattered electron microscopy, isotope analyses, fluid-inclusion studies, Vis/UV/NIR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and EPR studies. This study revealed an intricate and complex geological history for the formation of tanzanite. The deposition of carbon-rich layers, formed during the development of a sequence of shallow shelf sediments consisting primarily of various organic carbon (δ13C between –22,85 ‰ and –26,74 ‰) -rich mudstone horizons and limestone beds is seen as the first phase of the mineralisation process. These Archaean sediments were deposited in a back- or fore-arc spreading basin. The organic carbon-rich mudstone layers acted as the first phase of vanadium accumulation in the stratigraphic sequence, and are intercalated with a material with a volcanic origin (metabasites), which most likely contributed to the enrichment of amongst others V. Early diagenetic processes were followed by an extended metamorphic and deformation (D1) history, reaching upper granulite facies conditions (10 – 12 kbar and 850 oC to 1000 oC) at ca. 1000 Ma. The high-grade metamorphic history was followed by multiphase retrograde deformation events (D2 and D3) that developed as a result of crustal uplift. The D2 event probably occurred between 850 and 600 Ma at P-T conditions estimated at between 8 to 7 kbar and 700 to 650 oC. A third stage of deformation (D3) resulted in the formation of overprinting structures and occurred during the later stages of the Pan-African (550 – 500Ma) event during amphibolite/greenschist facies conditions (7 to 6 kbar and 600 to 520 oC). The deformational history of the deposit played a critical role in the mineralisation processes. Of the four main deformation events identified, three played a critical role in the mineralisation process. The first event led to the development of early structural features as defined by F1, S1 and L1. This was followed by a multiphase D2 event consisting of three different orders of folding (F2a, F2b and F2c) and the formation of boudinage. The association between tanzanite and boudins as well as the stacking and multiple duplication of the boudinaged ore-zone through isoclinal folding resulted in multiple “ore-shoots”. These ore-shoots follow the plunge of the F2c fold closures and results in mine-able features within the ore-body. The third deformation event led to complex structural overprinting of the earlier fabric as observed in S3 and L3 and resulted in the deformation of the F2 structures through crosscutting F3 folds. Calc-silicate layers developed in the stratigraphic sequence as a result of metamorphic and metasomatic interaction between calcium enriched (boudinaged calc-silicates) and depleted horizons (graphitic gneisses) during a skarn-forming episode. V-rich green grossular garnet (tsavorite) crystallised in tension zones within and in proximity to the boudins during prograde metamorphism. Tanzanite mineralisation occurred during the retrograde stages at ca. 585 ± 28 Ma with P-T conditions estimated at ca. 5 to 6 kbar and 650 ± 50 oC. Two distinctive tanzanite-forming processes are distinguished. The first involves the formation of tanzanite as a result of retrograde reaction of grossular garnet. The second process involves the migration of V and Ca -enriched fluids along brittle shear zones to tension sites where fluids reacted with wall rock during a drop in P-T conditions to precipitate tanzanite. Fluid inclusion and stable-isotope studies concluded that the ore-forming fluids were derived from the dehydration of the metasedimentary sequence and consisted of a mixture of H2O, CH4, H2S and N2. Mineralogical investigation of tanzanite indicated that trace concentrations of vanadium within its crystals structure causes its blue / violet colour. It was proved that the vanadium originated from the abundant organically derived graphite within the deposit. Spectroscopic and EPR analyses revealed the importance of the Ti4+ / Ti3+ ratio within the crystal structure of tanzanite with regard to its colour characteristics. The heating of tanzanite results in a couple valence exchange reaction Ti 3+ + V 4+ → Ti 4+ + V 3+ which causes an increase the blue / violet colour of tanzanite. The research conducted led to the development of a successful geological model for the tanzanite mining and treatment activities in the Merelani area of NE Tanzania. As such the research contributed to the establishment of a successful tanzanite mine, based on sound geological principles, which may act as a role model for other gemstone mines worldwide.
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Hansen, Robert N. (Robert Neill). "The evaluation of whole-rock and partial leach geochemical exploration techniques applied to the exploration for tanzanite deposits : Merelani, North-Eastern Tanzania." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21455.

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Thesis (MSc)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of the study is to ascertain whether geochemical exploration techniques can be used in the search for tanzanite deposits in the Merelani area, NE Tanzania. Previous studies have successfully demonstrated a partial extraction method (in situ soil leaching) in identifying prospective ultramafic bodies at the Rockland ruby mine in the Mangare area, Kenya, thereby demonstrating the usefulness of geochemical methods in gemstone exploration. In this study, a partial extraction as well as a whole-rock geochemical method was used to determine the applicability of these methods in prospecting for tanzanite mineralisation using different sampling media, such as soil, stream sediment and calcrete. It is possible that this geochemical approach may not be as effective as physical methods such as the separation and examination of heavy mineral suites. However, its viability needs to be evaluated due to the potential efficiency and relative logistic ease of the method. In essence the scientific method employed is to compare overburden (soils, stream sediments and calcrete) chemistry with known underlying geology, the latter having been established via diamond core drilling. A positive correlation would allow the prediction of overburden covered tanzanite mineralisation. Soil samples were collected from a trench dug perpendicular to regional lithological strike over both barren and tanzanite-bearing horizons. XRF trace element data for the soils was compared to the chemistry of the underlying lithologies. ICP-AE data derived from 1 molar HCL soil leachate (12 hour leach) and soil XRF data, from the same samples, was compared, using a mass balance index, to discern any hydromorphic dispersion of selected trace elements and to evaluate the leachate as a viable alternative to XRF analysis. In general, a good correlation exists between the soil and rock trace element data profiles over the length of the section. However, Ti- and Zr-normalised mass balance calculations show some down-hill drift, but this does not disrupt the overall pattern. The ICP-AE acid leach data show that hydromorphic dispersion is low, that the trace elements of interest (V, Cr, Ni and Cu) are hosted within non-soluble phases. Consequently, the leach technique is not a viable alternative to XRF analysis of the soils. XRF analysis of the soils was shown to be potentially useful in identifying new areas of mineralisation as the soils overlying a graphitic calc-silicate schist, that always occurs adjacent to the tanzanite mineralisation in the Merelani area, was found to be easily identifiable based on anomalous concentrations of V. An exploration concession was chosen for stream sediment sampling on the basis of the presence of large streams, of a few tsavorite mines indicating high prospectivity for tanzanite, and because of a variation in geology on the property. Tanzanite and tsavorite are cogenetic in the known tanzanite deposits. In this case the aim was to investigate the possible occurrence of tanzanite-like geochemical anomolies (i.e. the anomalous V observed in the soil chemistry investigation) could be detected in the vicinity of the tsavorite mines. Tsavorite, the gem variety of grossular garnet, also contains high concentrations of V. The samples were analysed by XRF whole-rock methods for trace element content. The data shows a number of clear positive V anomalies in the study area. The data also shows that each of the existing or abandoned mines in the area is marked by a positive V anomaly. This section of the study also demonstrated a relatively low degree of stream sediment dispersion of the trace elements of interest – most likely a function of the semi-arid climate. The fine fraction (<90μm), however was shown to be mobilised to a relatively larger degree than the coarse (180μm – 300μm) and medium (90μm - 180μm) fractions. As is predictable from the leachate analysis, factor analysis of the data shows that the trace elements are dominated by heavy mineral geochemistry and that a study in heavy mineral exploration might provide a cheaper and more viable option to those explored in this study. Calcrete samples were taken from an abandoned, 10m deep mine shaft, which was sunk through the calcrete to reach the tanzanite deposit. The shaft was sampled from the bottom, closest to the tanzanite mineralisation, to the surface to investigate the association between trace element geochemistry and proximity to the deposit. There was no vertical association between the trace element geochemistry of the calcrete and proximity to the tanzanite deposit. There was also no clear indication in the geochemistry of the calcrete of the existence of the tanzanite deposit beneath it. This further indicates the immobility of the elements of interest in this environment. This study has demonstrated that properly constrained soil and stream sediment geochemical studies may be of use in tanzanite exploration. However, it must be stressed that this is only the case if the geochemical signature of the lithological package associated with the mineralisation is unique and well known.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie is om te bepaal of geochemiese eksplorasie tegnieke vir die soek na tanzaniet afsettings in die Merelani area, noord-oos Tanzanië, gebruik kan word. Voorige studies het gewys dat ‘n gedeeltelike ekstraksie metode (in situ grond looging) gebruik kon word om prospektiewe ultramafiese liggame by the Rockland rubyn myn in die Mangare area, Kenia te identifiseer. Hierby is gedemonstreer dat geochemiese eksplorasie metodes suksesvol in edelsteen eksplorasie toegepas kan word. In hierdie studie is ‘n gedeeltelike ekstrasksie en heel-rots geochemiese metodes gebruik om die toepaslikheid van hierdie metodes op tanzaniet eksplorasie te toets. Verskillende geologiese materiale is gemonster, naamlik grond, stroom sedimente en kalkreet. Dit is moontlik dat hierdie geochemiese benadering nie so effektief soos fisiese metodes soos swaar mineraal skeidings mag wees nie. Dit is nogtans belangrik om die toepaslikheid van hierdie metodes op tanzanite eksplorasie te toests, as gevolg van die potensiële effektiwiteit en relatiewe logistiese gemak van die metodes. Die essensie van die wetenskaplike metodiek wat in hierdie studie gebruik is, is om die geochemie van die grond, stroom sedimente en kalkreet te vergelyk met die geochemie van die onderliggende geologie wat deur middel van diamant boorwerk vasgestel is. ‘n Positiewe korrelasie sou dan dui op ‘n bedekte tanzaniet afsetting. Grond monsters is van ‘n sloot geneem wat loodreg op die strekking van die tanzaniet gemineraliseerde en ongemineraliseerde horisonne gegrawe is. XRF spoor element data van die gronde is vergelyk met die chemie van die onderliggende gesteentes. IGP-AE data wat bekom is deur die monsters met 1 molaar HCl te loog (12 uur loging) is vergelyk met XRF data van dieselfde monsters deur middel van ‘n massa balans indeks om te bepaal of daar enige hidromorfiese dispersie van sekere spoor elemente is en om die toepaslikheid van loging as ‘n alternatief tot die heel-rots metode te bepaal. In die algemeen is daar ‘n goeie korrelasie tussen die grond en rots spoor element data profiele oor die lengte van die seksie. Alhoewel, Ti- en Zr-genormaliseerde massa balans data profiele wys dat daar ‘n mate van afwaartse beweging van grond na die voet van die heuwel is, maar dat hierdie ‘n breuk in die algemene patroon vorm nie. Die IGP-AE data dui daarop dat die hidromorfiese verspreiding van spoor elemente laag is en dat die spoor elemente wat van belang is (V, Cr, Ni en Cu) in nie-oplosbare fases gesetel is. Gevolglik is die logings metode nie ‘n toepaslike alternatief tot die heel-rots XRF metode op gronde nie. XRF analises op die gronde het gewys dat die XRF metode moontlik nuttig kan wees om nuwe areas van tanzanite mineralisasie aan te dui, omdat die gronde wat ‘n grafietiese kalk-silikaat skis oorlê, wat altyd langs die tanzaniet draende horisonne voorkom, is op grond van anomale konsentrasies van V geïdentifiseer. ‘n Eksplorasie konsessie is op die basis van die teenwoordigheid van groot strome, ‘n paar tsavoriet myne wat aanduidend is van hoë prospektiwiteit vir tanzaniet is en as gevolg van ‘n variasie in geologie in die area vir stroom sediment monstering gekies. Tanzaniet en tsavoriet is kogeneties in bekende tanzaniet afsettings. In hierdie geval was die doel om te ondersoek of tanzanietagtige anomalieë (nl. die anomale konsentrasies van V wat in die ondersoek van die grond chemie opgemerk is) in die omgewing van die tsavoriet myne geïdentifiseer kan word. Tsavoriet, die edelsteen variëteit van grossulaar granaat, bevat hoë konsentrasies V. Die monsters is deur middel van die XRF heel-rots metode vir spoor elemente geanaliseer. Die data dui op ‘n paar monsters met hoë V konsentrasies in die ondersoek area. Hierdie studie het ook gedui op ‘n lae stroom sediment verspreiding van die spoor elemente van belang, heel waarskynlik is dit ‘n funksie van die semi-ariede klimaat. Die fyn fraksie (< 90μm) blyk tot ‘n groter mate as die growwer (90μm tot 180μm en 180μm - 300μm) fraksies gemobiliseer te word. Soos voorspel kan word deur die loogings analise het faktor analise gewys dat die spoor elemente deur swaar mineraal geochemie gedomineer word en dat ‘n studie op swaar minerale moontlik ‘n goedkoper en meer toepaslike eksploraise metode is as die wat in hierdie studie ondersoek is. Kalkreet monsters is van ‘n ongebruikte, 10m diep myn skag wat deur die kalkreet gesink is om by die tanzaniet gemineraliseerde horison uit te kom geneem. Monsters is van die bodem van die skag, naaste aan die tanzaniet mineralisasie, tot die oppervlak geneem om die assosiasie tussen die spoor element geochemie en afstand van die tanzaniet mineralisasie te ondersoek. Geen vertikale assosiasie tussen spoor element geochemie en die nabyheid tot die tanzaniet afsetting kon vasgestel word nie. Daar was geen duidelike aanduiding in die geochemie van die kalkreet op die onderliggende tanzanite afsetting nie. Hierdie is ‘n verdere annduiding op die nie-mobiele toestand van spoor elemente in hierdie omgewing. Hierdie studie het suksesvol gedemonstreer dat goed gedefinieerde grond en stroom sediment geochemiese studies moontlik in geochemiese eksplorasie vir tanzaniet bruikbaar kan wees. Dit is belangrik om in gedagte te hou dat dit slegs die geval is as die geochemie van die litologiese paket wat met die mineralisasie geassosieer is uniek en goed bekend is.
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Öster, Frida, and Carolina Wikström. "Barncenter i Tanzania." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-34640.

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Kanduru, Hussein Ali. "Privatization in Tanzania." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/12751.

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Ndosi, Aston. "Locally manufactured wheelchairs in Tanzania : Do they meet the needs of Tanzanian wheelchair users?" Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13979.

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Access to suitable wheelchairs may seriously impact the ability of people with physical disabilities to integrate into regular community life. The overall aim of this study was to determine the extent to which the needs of users of wheelchairs manufactured locally in Tanzanian are met. The specific objectives of the study were to determine users' satisfaction with the wheelchairs manufactured in Tanzania, their satisfaction with services associated with the provision, repair and maintenance of these wheelchairs, and the extent to which these wheelchairs enabled them to carry out their daily activities. A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 75 users of locally manufactured manual wheelchairs, aged 18-65 years and residing in Dar es Salaam, Arusha and the Kilimanjaro regions of Tanzania. Data was collected using a questionnaire consisting of demographic items and two existing instruments, the Functioning Everyday with a Wheelchair (FEW) and Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST) 2.0. Data were analysed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software program version 20.0. Descriptive analysis was performed using frequencies and proportions for categorical data or median and ranges for numerical data. The chi-square test was conducted to determine whether there were significant difference between gender and place of residence (rural/urban) and satisfaction with functional needs, wheelchair and activity and participation.
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Lukumay, Joseph John. "Maasai's livelihoods transformation and changes : the case of Monduli (North Tanzania)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20081.

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Le mode de vie et les moyens d’existence des Maasaï ont été marqués par différents changements mais le pastoralisme est resté le cœur de leur activité. La situation actuelle est différente. Les Maasaï ne sont plus en mesure de compter seulement sur le pastoralisme en tant qu’activité principale et certains ont même quitté le pastoralisme et opté pour d’autres activités.Parmi les forces qui exercent des changements dans le pastoralisme on trouve les politiques foncières et les mesures d’utilisation des sols, qui ont été mises en œuvre par les gouvernements (coloniaux et postcoloniaux) à différents moments. Kuney (1994) rapporte que 60% environ de la terre appartenant autrefois aux Maasaï a été placée sous une production agricole intensive. L’éducation et l’exposition à d’autres modes de vie (qui sont principalement des produits de la globalisation, de la culture technologique et de l’interaction avec d’autres sociétés) ont créé des glissements idéologiques les jeunes en regard de la pertinence, la logique, la durabilité et la faisabilité du pastoralisme comme activité source de revenus et moyen d’existence dans le contexte actuel
Maasai lifestyles and livelihoods have been undergoing various changes like other persons but pastoralism has remained their core livelihood activity. However, the current situation is different. They are no longer able to relay solemnly on pastoralism as their main livelihood activity and others have exited pastoralism and opted for other livelihoodAmong the forces exerting changes in pastoralism are policies on land tenure and land uses which were created and implemented by governments at different times. Kuney (1994) report that about 60% of the former Maasai grazing land in Tanzania has been put under intensive agricultural production. Attainment of education increased exposure to other livelihoods styles created ideological shifts especially among the youths with regard to relevance, rationale, sustainability, and feasibility of pastoralism as a livelihood activity in the current context
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Al-Samarrai, Samer Mehdi. "Educational inequality in Tanzania." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343368.

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Brosché, Linn. "Family planning in Tanzania." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-48551.

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Могильна, Наталія Олексіївна, Наталия Алексеевна Могильная, Nataliia Oleksiivna Mohylna, and Mayombola Fundisha. "Environmental education fn Tanzania." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8225.

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Гілберт, Пембва. "Political system in Tanzania." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16413.

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Books on the topic "Tanzania"

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Nyerere, Julius K. Tanzania! Tanzania! Dar es Salaam: Tanzania Pub. House, 1993.

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Darch, Colin. Tanzania. Oxford, England: Clio Press, 1985.

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Ndulu, Benno. Tanzania. Helsinki: World Institute for Development Economics Research, 1987.

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Bretherick, Dona. Tanzania. Washington, DC: American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers, 1995.

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McCulla, Patricia E. Tanzania. New York: Chelsea House, 1989.

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Fitzpatrick, Mary. Tanzania. 5th ed. Footscray, Vic: Lonely Planet, 2012.

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Williams, Lizzie. Tanzania. Bath: Footprint, 2005.

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McCulla, Patricia E. Tanzania. Philadelphia, Pa: Chelsea House, 1999.

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ill, Nakamura Haruko, and Pelnar Tom, eds. Tanzania. Milwaukee: G. Stevens Children's Books, 1989.

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MacDonald, Joan Vos. Tanzania. Philadelphia: Mason Crest Publishers, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tanzania"

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van der Borg, H. H., M. Koning van der Veen, and L. M. Wallace-Vanderlugt. "Tanzania." In Horticultural Research International, 689–91. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0003-8_62.

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Hofmeier, Rolf. "Tanzania." In Afrika Jahrbuch 1999, 317–26. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-91351-7_49.

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Hirschler, Kurt, and Rolf Hofmeier. "Tanzania." In Afrika Jahrbuch 2001, 330–44. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-91356-2_49.

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Msangi, J. P. "Tanzania." In The GeoJournal Library, 305–10. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2999-9_35.

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Morrison, Donald George, Robert Cameron Mitchell, and John Naber Paden. "Tanzania." In Black Africa, 649–57. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11023-0_48.

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Taylor, Ann C. M. "Tanzania." In International Handbook of Universities, 866–67. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12912-6_147.

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Turner, Barry. "Tanzania." In The Stateman’s Yearbook, 1203–7. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-74024-6_280.

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Turner, Barry. "Tanzania." In The Statesman’s Yearbook, 1209–13. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-74027-7_280.

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Kamwaya, M. E. "Tanzania." In World Directory of Crystallographers, 145. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3701-2_60.

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Mushi, Philemon A. K. "Tanzania." In International Perspectives on Older Adult Education, 433–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24939-1_38.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tanzania"

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Järvinen, Kimmo, Tuukka Pienimäki, Tommi Teräsvirta, John Joel Kyaruzi, and Erkki Sutinen. "Between Tanzania and Finland." In The proceedings of the thirtieth SIGCSE technical symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/299649.299761.

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Westergren, Kent, and Lars E. Humla. "Wind experience from Tanzania." In INTELEC 2011 - 2011 33rd International Telecommunications Energy Conference. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/intlec.2011.6099896.

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Anatory, Justine. "Communication Trends in Tanzania." In 2007 IEEE International Symposium on Power Line Communications and Its Applications. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isplc.2007.371075.

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Gabriel, Jamillah. "Investigating reading culture in Tanzania." In ISIC: the Information Behaviour Conference. University of Borås, Borås, Sweden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47989/irisic2034.

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Introduction. This poster is an investigation of reading culture in Tanzania via the lens of Africana critical thought and everyday life theory. Method. Informal interviews were conducted to gauge an understanding of the cultural from various perspectives including libraries and the book industry. Analysis. This subject is explored using analytic autoethnography to understand the culture in relation to the lived experiences of this author. Results. The paper illuminates issues and concerns around the country’s current reading culture and relation to information behaviour, highlighting factors that play a major role, such as book retail, libraries, and publishing. Conclusion. There is much more that can be done to improve reading culture in Tanzania. Perhaps the future lies in the grassroots organisations that are working hard to develop and sustain it.
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Kong, Qingling. "Leveraging University-Industry Collaboration for Youth Skills Development: A Case Study of Tanzania Higher Technical Education." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.2343.

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Youth unemployment and skills mismatch constitute a challenge for Sub-Saharan African countries, including Tanzania where approximately 900,000 youth enter the job market annually. With rapid technological advancements, fostering higher technical skills for the youth becomes exigent in Tanzania on its path from an agricultural economy to a semi-industrialized country. Previous studies indicate that equipping youth with high-level skills requires endeavours beyond university campuses. In the context of Tanzania, there is a dearth of literature on university-industry collaboration (UIC) for youth higher technical skills development. This paper presents a study of Tanzania higher technical education and examines the socio-political environment for UIC with a policy review, analyses the mechanisms of existing training-focused university-industry collaborative initiatives through website discourse analysis, and provides recommendations in leveraging UIC for youth high-level skills development.
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Luís Geraldo Teixeira Soria and Rubens Duarte Coelho. "Productivity of Tanzania Grass (P. maximum. cv. Tanzania) due to Irrigation Depths and Nitrogen Fertilizer." In 2003, Las Vegas, NV July 27-30, 2003. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.13805.

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Mwamtambulo, Dorika Jeremiah. "HERDING BEHAVIOURS IN POLAND AND TANZANIA." In 45th International Academic Conference, London. International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.20472/iac.2019.045.028.

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Thomas, Ellen, Gabriel Bowen, Melissa Berke, Sarah Feakins, Matthew Huber, Paul Pearson, and TOPIC Proponents 28 International. "TANZANIA ONSHORE PALEOGENE INTEGRATED CORING (TOPIC)." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-300888.

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Kemppainen, Jyri, Matti Tedre, and Erkki Sutinen. "IT service management education in Tanzania." In the 13th annual conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2380552.2380583.

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Laiser, Miriam. "The Status of Inclusive Education for Learners with Autism Spectrum Disorders in Elementary Schools in Tanzania: A Review." In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference of Education. Dar es Salaam University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37759/ice01.2023.14.

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This study explores the status of inclusive education for learners with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in the elementary schools of Tanzania. The study answers two research questions: (i) How do the International and National Policy documents address the issue of ASD inclusion in schools? (ii) What is the status of implementation of inclusive education for learners with autism spectrum disorders in elementary schools in Tanzania? The data were collected through documentary search. The findings revealed that Tanzania has signed and committed to comply with the international declarations on inclusive education for all learners as portrayed in the Salamanca statement and stated clearly in its constitution, education and training policy, disability act and national strategy for inclusive education that all learners will receive education in the inclusive setting. This is to ensure that no child is left behind in education. However, a significant gap has been observed in the implementation of inclusive education due to attitudinal, environmental and knowledge barriers. The study recommends clear and specific policies and acts on inclusive education as well as curriculum modifications and capacity building to schools and teachers to ensure effective implementation of inclusive education for learners with autism in elementary schools in Tanzania.
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Reports on the topic "Tanzania"

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van Hoof, Luc, and Marloes Kraan. Mission report Tanzania : scoping mission marine fisheries Tanzania. IJmuiden: Wageningen Marine Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/404872.

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Mibei, Henry, Lucy Karanja, Stephanie Gakuo, Dannie Romney, Daniel Karanja, and Keith Sones. Mobile Landscape Analysis: Tanzania. CABI, December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/cabicomm-36-3825.

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Takeshima, Hiroyuki, and Akeem Lawal. Agricultural mechanization in Tanzania. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/9780896293809_14.

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Monique Borgerhoff Mulder, Monique Borgerhoff Mulder. Stop Lion Killing in Tanzania. Experiment, August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/3201.

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Peng, Donna, and Rahmatallah Poudineh. Sustainable electricity pricing for Tanzania. Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, July 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.26889/9781784670610.

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Lees, Shelley, and Mark Marchant. Key Considerations: Cross-Border Dynamics Between Uganda and Tanzania in the Context of the Outbreak of Ebola, 2022. Institute of Development Studies, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.046.

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This brief summarises key considerations concerning cross-border dynamics between Tanzania and Uganda in the context of the outbreak of Ebola (Sudan Virus Disease, SVD) in Uganda. It is part of a series focusing on at-risk border areas between Uganda and four high priority neighbouring countries: Rwanda; Tanzania; Kenya and South Sudan. The current outbreak is of the Sudan strain of Ebola (SVD). SVD is used in this paper to refer to the current outbreak in East Africa, whereas outbreaks of Zaire Ebolavirus disease or general references to Ebola are referred to as EVD. The current outbreak began in Mubende, Uganda, on 19 September 2022, approximately 240km from the Uganda-Tanzania border. It has since spread to nine Ugandan districts, including two in the Kampala metropolitan area. Kampala is a transport hub, with a population over 3.6 million. While the global risk from SVD remains low according to the World Health Organization, its presence in the Ugandan capital has significantly heightened the risk to regional neighbours. At the time of writing, there had been no cases of Ebola imported from Uganda into Tanzania. This brief provides details about cross-border relations, the political and economic dynamics likely to influence these, and specific areas and actors most at risk. It is based on a rapid review of existing published and grey literature, previous ethnographic research in Tanzania, and informal discussions with colleagues from the Tanzania’s Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children (MoHCDGEC), Tanzania National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Uganda Red Cross Society, Tanzania Red Cross Society (TRCS), International Organization for Migration (IOM), IFRC, US CDC and CDC Tanzania. The brief was developed by Shelley Lees and Mark Marchant (London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine) with support from Olivia Tulloch (Anthrologica) and Hugh Lamarque (University of Edinburgh). Additional review and inputs were provided by The Tanzania Red Cross and UNICEF. The brief is the responsibility of the Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP).
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Groeneveld, Caspar, and Abeba Taddese. EdTech in Tanzania: A Rapid Scan. EdTech Hub, June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53832/edtechhub.0039.

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EdTech Hub country scans explore factors that enable and hinder the use of technology in education. These factors include the policy or vision for EdTech, institutional capacity, private-sector partnerships, and the digital infrastructure. The scans are intended to be comprehensive but are by no means exhaustive; however, we hope they will serve as a useful starting point for more in-depth discussions about opportunities and barriers in EdTech in specific countries, in this case, Tanzania. This report was originally written in June 2020. It is based primarily on desk research, with quality assurance provided by a country expert.
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Accius, Jean, Justin Ladner, and Staci Alexander. Global Longevity Economy Outlook: Tanzania Infographic. Washington, DC: AARP Research, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26419/int.00052.071.

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Comin, Diego. An Exploration of Luxury Hotels in Tanzania. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17902.

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Pattni, Ravina. Improving learning through classroom experience in Tanzania. Undefined, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53832/opendeved.1025.

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