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Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Stone, David C. "Models for dispersion in flow injection analysis." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1987. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/13607.

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An extensive study has been made of the factors affecting sample dispersion in flow injection analysis. This has included the effect of different manifold parameters on peak height and shape, and the use of various flow models to describe the physical processes involved. The factors investigated included sample flow-rate, tube length and diameter, sample volume, and the diffusion coefficient of the solute. The role of the detector has also been investigated, and was found to exert a strong influence on the observed dispersion behaviour of a flow injection manifold. In the light of this, a low volume flow cell was constructed which minimised the contribution of the detector to dispersion. Different modes of sample injection ("time" and "slug" injection) have been studied, and an automatic valve constructed in connection with the work. Both new and existing flow models have been evaluated in terms of their ease-of-use and ability to predict peak shape. Conditions for which the different models were valid were derived both experimentally and from consideration of the assumptions of the models. The applications of such models to the characterisation and design of flow manifolds has also been considered, and this approach compared to the purely theoretical and empirical approaches that have been described in the literature. The models examined in this thesis are the convection, diffusion, tanks-in-series, well-stirred tank, two-tanks in- parallel and two-tanks-in-series models. Finally, the practical implications of this work for the design of flow injection manifolds and the derivation of so-called "rules for dispersion" have been discussed, and suggestions made for further areas of research.
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Green, Charles B. "Calamus, Drum-Taps, and Whitman's Model of Comradeship." W&M ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626051.

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3

Wikström, Jonas. "3D Model of Fuel Tank for System Simulation : A methodology for combining CAD models with simulation tools." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Maskinkonstruktion, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-71370.

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Engineering aircraft systems is a complex task. Therefore models and computer simulations are needed to test functions and behaviors of non existing systems, reduce testing time and cost, reduce the risk involved and to detect problems early which reduce the amount of implementation errors. At the section Vehicle Simulation and Thermal Analysis at Saab Aeronautics in Linköping every basic aircraft system is designed and simulated, for example the fuel system. Currently 2-dimensional rectangular blocks are used in the simulation model to represent the fuel tanks. However, this is too simplistic to allow a more detailed analysis. The model needs to be extended with a more complex description of the tank geometry in order to get a more accurate model. This report explains the different steps in the developed methodology for combining 3-dimensional geometry models of any fuel tank created in CATIA with dynamic simulation of the fuel system in Dymola. The new 3-dimensional representation of the tank in Dymola should be able to calculate fuel surface location during simulation of a maneuvering aircraft.  The first step of the methodology is to create a solid model of the fuel contents in the tank. Then the area of validity for the model has to be specified, in this step all possible orientations of the fuel acceleration vector within the area of validity is generated. All these orientations are used in the automated volume analysis in CATIA. For each orientation CATIA splits the fuel body in a specified number of volumes and records the volume, the location of the fuel surface and the location of the center of gravity. This recorded data is then approximated with the use of radial basis functions implemented in MATLAB. In MATLAB a surrogate model is created which are then implemented in Dymola. In this way any fuel surface location and center of gravity can be calculated in an efficient way based on the orientation of the fuel acceleration vector and the amount of fuel. The new 3-dimensional tank model is simulated in Dymola and the results are compared with measures from the model in CATIA and with the results from the simulation of the old 2-dimensional tank model. The results shows that the 3-dimensional tank gives a better approximation of reality and that there is a big improvement compared with the 2-dimensional tank model. The downside is that it takes approximately 24 hours to develop this model.
Att utveckla ett nytt flygplanssystem är en väldigt komplicerad arbetsuppgift. Därför används modeller och simuleringar för att testa icke befintliga system, minska utvecklingstiden och kostnaderna, begränsa riskerna samt upptäcka problem tidigt och på så sätt minska andelen implementerade fel. Vid sektionen Vehicle Simulation and Thermal Analysis på Saab Aeronautics i Linköping designas och simuleras varje grundflygplanssystem, ett av dessa system är bränslesystemet. För närvarande används 2-dimensionella rätblock i simuleringsmodellen för att representera bränsletankarna, vilket är en väldigt grov approximation. För att kunna utföra mer detaljerade analyser behöver modellerna utökas med en bättre geometrisk beskrivning av bränsletankarna. Denna rapport går igenom de olika stegen i den framtagna metodiken för att kombinera 3- dimensionella tankmodeller skapade i CATIA med dynamisk simulering av bränslesystemet i Dymola. Den nya 3-dimensionella representationen av en tank i Dymola bör kunna beräkna bränsleytans läge under en simulering av ett manövrerande flygplan. Första steget i metodiken är att skapa en solid modell av bränslet som finns i tanken. Därefter specificeras modellens giltighetsområde och alla tänkbara riktningar hos accelerationsvektorn som påverkar bränslet genereras, dessa används sedan i den automatiserade volymanalysen i CATIA.  För varje riktning delar CATIA upp bränslemodellen i ett bestämt antal delar och registrerar volymen, bränsleytans läge samt tyngdpunktens position för varje del. Med hjälp av radiala basfunktioner som har implementerats i MATLAB approximeras dessa data och en surrogatmodell tas fram, denna implementeras sedan i Dymola. På så sätt kan bränsleytans och tyngdpunktens läge beräknas på ett effektivt sätt, baserat på riktningen hos bränslets accelerationsvektor samt mängden bränsle i tanken. Den nya 3-dimensionella tankmodellen simuleras i Dymola och resultaten jämförs med mätningar utförda i CATIA samt med resultaten från den gamla simuleringsmodellen. Resultaten visar att den 3-dimensionella tankmodellen ger en mycket bättre representation av verkligheten och att det är en stor förbättring jämfört med den 2-dimensionella representationen. Nackdelen är att det tar ungefär 24 timmar att få fram denna 3-dimensionella representation.
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4

Zhang, Aibin. "CFD Modeling and Optimization of Primary sedimentation tank." Thesis, KTH, Vattendragsteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-217116.

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In this project, the flow field characteristics of the simplified 2D rectangular primary sedimentation tank in Syvab wastewater treatment plant were achieved by a transient water-air two phases finite-volume method, applying Volume-Of-Fluid (VOF) model. RNG k-ε turbulence model was also employed to calculate the turbulent kinetic energy and its dissipation rate. The undesired hydraulic phenomenon for solid sedimentation was detected in original tank. To reduce the velocity and turbulence intensity of the influent, two categories of optimization methods were proposed, which are installing the baffle and changing the velocity inlet. The modifying effects of different methods were compared by the velocity profiles and the contours of kinetic energy. It turns out that both ways provide a preferred condition for particle settling. In the end, further research was forecasted and the work direction were given.
I detta projekt uppnåddes 2D modellering av avloppsflödesfältets karaktär hos en förenklade och rektangulär primära sedimenteringsbassäng, Syvab avloppsreningsverk, genom en transient-tvåfas-finita-volymmetoden med vatten och luft, som tillämpades med Volume-Of-Fluid (VOF) modellen. RNG k-ε turbulensmodellen användes även för att beräkna den kinetiska energin av turbulas och dess dissipationshastighet. Detta för att oönskade hydrauliska fenomen har uppmärksammats hos sedimenteringsbassängen hos avloppsreningsverket. För att minska flödeshastigheten och turbulens föreslås två optimeringsmetoder, vilket är att installera skärm och att ändra inloppets hastighet. Eeffekterna av de olika metoderna jämförs med hjälp av hastighets- och kinetisk energiprofiler. Det visar sig att båda metoderna kan ge gynsammare tillstånd för sedimentering av partikelar. Som avslutning ges prognos för den fortsatta forskningen och arbetsriktningen inom ämnet.
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5

Drca, Ivana. "Nonlinear Model Predictive Control of the Four Tank Process." Thesis, KTH, Reglerteknik, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-106237.

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Model predictive control techniques are widely used in the process industry. They are considered methods that give good performance and are able to operate during long periods without almost any intervention. Model predictive control is also the only technique that is able to consider model restrictions. Almost all industrial processes have nonlinear dynamics, however most MPC applications are based on linear models. Linear models do not always give a sufficiently adequate representation of the system and therefore nonlinear model predictive control techniques have to be considered. Working with nonlinear models give rise to a wide range of difficulties such as, non convex optimization problems, slow processes and a different approach to guarantee stability . This project deals with nonlinear model predictive control and is written at the University of Seville at the department of Systems and Automatic control and at the department of Automatic Control at KTH. The first objective is to control the nonlinear Four Tank Process using nonlinear model predictive control. Objective number two is to investigate if and how the computational time and complexity can be reduced. Simulations show that a nonlinear model predictive control algorithm is developed with satisfactory results. The algorithm is fast enough and all restrictions are respected for initial state values inside of the terminal set as well as for initial state values outside of the terminal set. Feasibility and stability is ensured for both short as well as for longer prediction horizon, guaranteeing that the output reaches the reference. Hence the choice of a short respectively long prediction horizon is a trade off between shorter computational time versus better precision. Regarding the reduction of the computational time, penalty functions have been implemented in the optimization problem converting it to an unconstrained optimization problem including a PHASE-I problem. Results show that this implementation give approximately the same computational time as for the constrained optimization problem. Precision is good for implementations with penalty functions both for long and short prediction horizons and initial state values inside and outside of the terminal set.
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6

Engelbrecht, Darnell Francois. "Development of a CFD model for stirred tank applications." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5545.

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Word processed copy.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 86-90).
This thesis deals with the development of a multi phase model for stirred tank applications. The general purpose, commercially available CFD code, FLUENT 6.2, is used to model a Rushton turbine-agitated stirred tank with T = 0.14 m.
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7

Polorigni, Christian Leprince. "Primary sedimentation tank model with characterized settling velocity groups." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32526.

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Primary sedimentation involves the separation of solids and liquid in primary settling tanks (PSTs) of wastewater treatment systems. These physical processes are described by various settling conditions such as discrete and flocculent settling, along with other phenomena such as flocculation, coagulation, ammonification or hydrolysis. The modelling of primary sedimentation has often been overlooked because (i) it involves various intricacies that are difficult to replicate and (ii) primary sedimentation has been assumed to be an input to most of the main unit process models, including the activated sludge (AS) system and the anaerobic digestion (AD) models. Though there has been a wide range of proposed mathematical models to describe how PSTs function, the need to correctly disaggregate the total suspended solids (TSS) into realistic fractions of unbiodegradable particulate organics (UPO), biodegradable particulate organics (BPO) and inorganic settleable solids (ISS), remains. This is because PST models that are unable to correctly split the TSS into its characteristic components make incorrect assumptions. These assumptions lead to inconsistencies in predicting the compositions of the primary sludge (PS) that is fed to the AD unit and the settled wastewater (settled WW) that is treated in the AS system. Hence, it becomes difficult to correctly simulate the entire system (plant-wide) towards a holistic evaluation of system strategies. In this study, a realistic PST model was developed, with characterized settling velocity groups, within a plant-wide setting, for municipal wastewater. This involved the improvement of a current TSS-based model into a more accurate and realistic model that could account for the settling of raw wastewater particles. The model was therefore expected to predict the composition of the PS that is treated in the AD system and the composition of the settled WW that is going to the AS unit processes. This could be achieved by splitting the TSS into UPO, BPO and ISS fractions. In developing preparation of such a realistic PST model, the following objectives were established: 1. Disaggregate the TSS into realistic UPO, BPO and ISS fractions, by means of discrete particle settling modelling (Kowlesser, 2014) and the particle settling velocity distribution (PSVD) approach of Bachis et al. (2015). 2. Verify that the model is internally consistent with wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) data, by means of mathematical material mass balances and other specific scenarios. 3. Demonstrate the application and impact of such a model by performing steady state plant-wide simulations. Using the discrete particle settling approach of Kowlesser (2014), a discrete particle settling model was developed in Microsoft Excel and implemented into a dynamic PST framework in WEST® (Vanhooren et al., 2003). The discrete particle settling model was described using steady state and dynamic calculations and the insights obtained from these calculations were implemented in the current TSS-based PST model of Bachis et al. (2015). This was performed towards developing the University of Cape Town Primary Sedimentation Unit (UCTPSU). The influent raw wastewater TSS was fractionated into UPO, BPO and ISS fractions and settling proportions of these fractions were assigned to five settling velocity groups. In addition, a distinct settling velocity was assigned to each settling velocity group. Previous studies data from WRC (1984) and Ekama (2017), were used in the discrete particle settling model, which was able to reproduce PS and settled WW outputs, through steady state and dynamic calculations and under strict material mass balances. As a result, UPO, BPO and ISS settling proportions as well as settling velocities, were extracted from these calculations and used as input parameters into the UCTPSU model. This dynamic model was rigorously verified to be internally consistent with regards to strict material mass balances. The verification scenarios also included variations of high and low settling velocities as well as a combination of both high and low velocities and checking that the model was behaving as expected. The application and impact of the UCTPSU model were demonstrated using plant-wide scenarios in proposing a preliminary integration, under steady state conditions. It showed how incorrect disaggregation of the TSS into UPO, BPO and ISS fractions can lead to incorrect predictions in terms of the settled WW composition, the AS system capacity, the effluent quality, as well as the energy consumption and generation in the AS system and AD unit respectively. The investigation also revealed the need to measure key wastewater parameters such as particle settling velocities and the unbiodegradable particulate COD fraction, when it comes to realistically modelling of primary sedimentation of municipal wastewater, with the view of optimizing plant operations and tactical decision making. The study thereafter recommended the need to conduct an extensive experimental campaign to measure in-situ diurnal data, mainly in terms of settling velocities and settling proportions of UPO, BPO and ISS. It was also suggested to use the settleometer as a tool to extract these settling velocities and settling proportions, after performing biodegradability tests. As such, the data collected from the experimental campaign and the biodegradability tests could be used in calibrating the UCTPSU model and validation could be undertaken by means of full plant scale data.
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8

Fotso, Simo Eugene. "Development of a Dynamic Simulation Model for Equalization Tanks." Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33714.

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The influent to a water and resource recovery facility (WRRF) generally exhibits significant diurnal variations in flow rate and load concentration. This makes determining the operating parameters and subsequently the overall operation of plants difficult, especially in developing countries due to the lack of highly skilled operators. Hence, there is an incentive for the control and operation of WRRFs in developing countries to be improved. Flow equalization tanks were identified as a potential method to attenuate the diurnal variations in flow rate and load concentration into plants. The main aim of this research was to develop a viable dynamic simulation model for the operation of flow equalization tanks, within a plant-wide framework (to allow for the evaluation of design and control strategies). The next aim was to determine the benefits of equalization tanks towards design and optimised operation of future WRRFs via scenario analyses. Finally, the effects of the equalization tank on the performance of various unit processes in a WRRF were to be investigated. The model was developed in three steps; i) the development of the required equations to model equalization tanks, ii) mass balance throughout the model for internal consistency and iii) scenario analyses to determine if the model generated reasonable and scientifically sound outputs. The model was developed using Microsoft Excel Visual Basic (VBA) and WEST®. Two scenarios were considered to assess the equalization tank modelled. Scenario One involved the comparison of the capital cost, unit process sizes and total footprint of a balanced sludge age Modified Ludzack-Ettinger (MLE) system with and without an equalization tank. Scenario Two compared the plant performance of the MLE system designed in Scenario One with and without a flow equalization tank. A dynamic simulation model replicating equalization tanks was successfully developed. From scenario analyses, it was determined that using an MLE system and only considering equalization of flow, there was a reduction in the size of several unit processes by 8-9% (primary settling tank, biological reactors, secondary settling tank, flotation unit, anoxic-aerobic digester), due to the less conservative design values that could be used as the variations of the influent were decreased. Despite this, a 13% overall increase in the footprint of the WRRF was observed due to the addition of the equalization tank. The attenuation of diurnal flow variations also resulted in reduction of various plant parameters by up to 50% (flow, OUR, VSS flux). Finally, there was a 10% improvement in the performance of various unit processes due to the presence of the equalization tank. In conclusion, the inclusion of equalization tanks in WRRFs has significant positive effects. These results were obtained with equalization of flow only. Some other limitations were experienced during the project resulting in the following recommendations: further research will be needed to validate and calibrate the model, As the model was not successfully incorporated in a plant-wide framework, further developments in that direction are required, as well as including the equalization of load in the model.
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9

Rhodes, James Robert. "Transfer function model for oxy-fuel fired batch tank." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1808.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xvi, 110 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-82).
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Noble, Donald Ross. "Combined wave-current scale model testing at FloWave." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31170.

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As part of a global drive to produce renewable electricity, devices are being designed to harness energy from the waves and tidal currents. Physical scale model testing is an important part of the development process for this and other technologies. The FloWave Ocean Energy Research Facility at The University of Edinburgh is designed to conduct these tests. Here it is possible to produce multi-directional waves combined with currents in the circular tank, re-creating the complexity of the ocean. The research was driven by commercial requirements of the facility, aiming to highlight what can be learnt from testing at scale with complex conditions in a controlled environment. To enable this, it was first necessary to extend the characterisation of this new facility. Wave generation and reflections were assessed in a previous project. In this work, flow measurements taken throughout the test volume of the tank, allowed spatial and temporal variations in the currents to be determined. Waves and currents interact in a complex manner, compounded by the method of reproducing them in a tank. The influence of currents on waves in the basin was assessed. This included cases with an oblique angle between them, on which little has been published. The other part of the project addressed issues to be considered when testing in a combined wave-current basin such as FloWave. • At many sites of interest for offshore renewable energy, waves are influenced by water depth. Implications of not scaling depth consistently were considered, and design diagrams produced to facilitate understanding and quantification of potential errors. • At FloWave, waves are generated in still water around the outside of the tank. A process was therefore developed and verified to produce the desired combined conditions in the central test area following their interaction with the current. • There is a wealth of published guidance on tank testing, for ships, offshore structures, and more recently renewable energy. This has been reviewed and suggestions offered to augment this by including testing in the more advanced conditions possible in a facility like FloWave. • Tools and guidance have been developed to highlight many of the issues to be considered by clients prior to testing at FloWave. This aims to facilitate planning of a test programme by highlighting potential knowledge gaps and recording decisions made. Flowcharts have been produced to represent this graphically, with a corresponding checklist of questions for clients, which have been trialled in a pilot study. Outputs from this research are being used to help deliver both academic and commercial client tests at FloWave. The test area in currents was shown to be > 50m2 with < 10% variation in flow, and the combined wave-current conditions possible have been explored. Results that are important when designing client test plans.
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11

Oprea, Alexandra. "3D Fuel Tank Models for System Simulation." Thesis, KTH, Aerodynamik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-102084.

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The purpose of the present master thesis is to optimize the current fuel tank simulations procedure for the next generation of JAS 39 Gripen ghters developed by SAAB AB. The current simulation process involves three dierent steps performed in three dierent computer environments. While the procedure works reasonably well on the fuel tank models of the previous version of the aircraft, it is too slow for the new Gripen tank models and their high level of detail. An optimized version of the procedure is put forward, which allows for tank analysis and fuel system simulation within reasonable time frames. Suggestions are made for future improvements.
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Finger, Anelisa Pedroso. "DIAGRAMAS DE MANEJO DA DENSIDADE PARA POVOAMENTOS DE Acacia mearnsii De Wild." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8785.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Density management diagrams (DMD) is a tool used to carry out the prognosis of production in density, basal area and volume in order to establish management strategies for forest planning. The aim was to build a density management diagram for Acacia mearnsii De Wild. Data from 12 cities in the northeastern region of Rio Grande do Sul were used for the DMD construction. Since the Tang model had the best evaluation, it was used to select the maximum population density estimative, thus the density 1x1 was used to construction of the DMD. With the same model, self-thinning graphs and Stand Density Index (SDI) were generated; adopting a standard quadratic mean diameter of 10cm. Density levels were determined proportionally to SDI maximum density in 200 class intervals, with higher 2400 and lower 1400 SDI. The DMD were produced with an average diameter and density control, and volume and green rind bark weight per hectare. A second DMD model was developed in order to insert a site production control through the dominant height of the stand. These DMD models allowed estimating the volume and green rind bark with great precision, from the control of diameter, density and dominant height.
O Diagrama de Manejo da Densidade (DMD) é uma ferramenta utilizada para realizar a prognose da produção em densidade, área basal e volume a fim de estabelecer estratégias de manejo para o planejamento florestal. O objetivo do presente foi construir um diagrama de manejo da densidade para Acacia mearnsii De Wild., com dados dendrométricos provenientes de 12 municípios da região nordeste do Rio Grande do Sul. A máxima densidade populacional foi estimada pelo modelo de Tang, ajustado com dados de parcelas em espaçamento 1x1m. Com este modelo foram gerados os gráficos de autodesbaste e Índices de Densidade de Povoamento (IDP) para um diâmetro padrão de 10cm. Os níveis de densidade foram determinados, proporcionalmente, a partir da máxima densidade, por índice de densidade de povoamento (IDP), em intervalos de classe de 200, com IDP máximo 2400 e mínimo 1400. Os DMDs foram elaborados com controle de diâmetro médio e densidade populacional, e como variável de resposta o volume por hectare e o peso de casca verde por hectare. Um segundo modelo de DMD foi elaborado com o objetivo de inserir um controle produtivo dos sítios, através da altura dominante do povoamento. Estes modelos de DMD permitiram estimar o volume e peso de casca verde com ótima precisão, a partir do controle do desenvolvimento do diâmetro, densidade e altura dominante.
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Baldwin, Metzger Kirsten Anne. "Experimental Verification of a New Single Plate Shear Connection Design Model." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32576.

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Single plate shear connections are designed to have sufficient strength to resist the shear force and moment transferred from the beam. The connections must also provide sufficient ductility to allow the beam end to rotate freely. In the United States the current recommended design method is found in the AISC 13th Edition Steel Construction Manual (2005b). The limited experimental work which led to the current method necessitated additional single plate shear connection investigations. This paper summarizes the results and analysis of eight full scale single plate shear connections tested at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. The test setup consisted of a test beam attached to a test column with a single plate shear connection at one end and supported by a roller at the other end. The single plate was welded to the column flange and bolted to the beam web. Load was applied to the test beam at third points until failure of the connection or test beam. The current design method used in the United States was examined with respect to the connection tests performed. In particular, the ultimate shear strength and the rotational capacity were investigated. Suggestions are made regarding changes to the method and further research.
Master of Science
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Alexsson, Andrei. "Unsupervised hidden Markov model for automatic analysis of expressed sequence tags." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Bioinformatik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-69575.

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This thesis provides an in-depth analyze of expressed sequence tags (EST) that represent pieces of eukaryotic mRNA by using unsupervised hidden Markov model (HMM). ESTs are short nucleotide sequences that are used primarily for rapid identificationof new genes with potential coding regions (CDS). ESTs are made by sequencing on double-stranded cDNA and the synthesizedESTs are stored in digital form, usually in FASTA format. Since sequencing is often randomized and that parts of mRNA contain non-coding regions, some ESTs will not represent CDS.It is desired to remove these unwanted ESTs if the purpose is to identifygenes associated with CDS. Application of stochastic HMM allow identification of region contents in a EST. Softwares like ESTScanuse HMM in which a training of the HMM is done by supervised learning with annotated data. However, because there are not always annotated data at hand this thesis focus on the ability to train an HMM with unsupervised learning on data containing ESTs, both with and without CDS. But the data used for training is not annotated, i.e. the regions that an EST consists of are unknown. In this thesis a new HMM is introduced where the parameters of the HMM are in focus so that they are reasonablyconsistent with biologically important regionsof an mRNA such as the Kozak sequence, poly(A)-signals and poly(A)-tails to guide the training and decoding correctly with ESTs to proper statesin the HMM. Transition probabilities in the HMMhas been adapted so that it represents the mean length and distribution of the different regions in mRNA. Testing of the HMM's specificity and sensitivityhave been performed via BLAST by blasting each EST and compare the BLAST results with the HMM prediction results.A regression analysis test shows that the length of ESTs used when training the HMM is significantly important, the longer the better. The final resultsshows that it is possible to train an HMM with unsupervised machine learning but to be comparable to supervised machine learning as ESTScan, further expansion of the HMM is necessary such as frame-shift correction of ESTs byimproving the HMM's ability to choose correctly positioned start codons or nucleotides. Usually the false positive results are because of incorrectly positioned start codons leadingto too short CDS lengths. Since no frame-shift correction is implemented, short predicted CDS lengths are not acceptable and is hence not counted as coding regionsduring prediction. However, when there is a lack of supervised models then unsupervised HMM is a potential replacement with stable performance and able to be adapted forany eukaryotic organism.
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Burt, David John. "Improved design of settling tanks using an extended drift flux model." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/535f7e96-d04f-4a72-95b5-5e6fbb3fb12d.

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Allen, Paul. "Models for the dynamic simulation of tank track components." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2006. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/1106.

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This project has been sponsored by QinetiQ Limited (QinetiQ); whose aim it is to model the dynamics of a prototype high-speed military tracked vehicle. Specifically their objective is to describe the mechanism by which force inputs are transmitted from the ground to the vehicle’s hull. Many track running gear components are steel and can be modelled as simple lumped masses or as linear springs without internal damping. These present no difficulty to the modeller. However tracked vehicle running gear also has nonlinear components that require more detailed descriptions. Models for two rubber components, the road wheel tyre and track link bush, and a model for the suspensions rotary damper, are developed here. These three components all have highly nonlinear dynamic responses. Rubber component nonlinearities are caused by the materials nonlinear elastic and viscoelastic characteristics. Stiffness is amplitude dependent and the material exhibits a significant amount of internal damping, which is predominantly Coulombic in nature but also relaxes overtime. In this work, a novel method for measuring the elastic and viscoelastic response of Carbon Black Filled Natural Rubber components has been devised and a ‘general purpose’ mathematical model developed that describes the materials response and is suited to use in multibody dynamic analysis software. The vehicle’s suspension rotary damper model describes three viscous flow regimes (laminar, turbulent and pressure relief), as a continuous curved response that relates angular velocity to damping torque. Hysteresis due to the compression of entrapped gas, compliance of the dampers structure and compression of damper oil is described by a single non-parametric equation. Friction is considered negligible and is omitted from the model. All components are modelled using MSC.ADAMS TM multibody dynamic analysis software. The models are shown to be easily implemented and computationally robust. QinetiQ’s requirement for ‘practical’ track running gear component models has been met.
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Allen, P. "Models for the Dynamic Simulation of Tank Track Components." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/1106.

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This project has been sponsored by QinetiQ Limited (QinetiQ); whose aim it is to model the dynamics of a prototype high-speed military tracked vehicle. Specifically their objective is to describe the mechanism by which force inputs are transmitted from the ground to the vehicle’s hull. Many track running gear components are steel and can be modelled as simple lumped masses or as linear springs without internal damping. These present no difficulty to the modeller. However tracked vehicle running gear also has nonlinear components that require more detailed descriptions. Models for two rubber components, the road wheel tyre and track link bush, and a model for the suspensions rotary damper, are developed here. These three components all have highly nonlinear dynamic responses. Rubber component nonlinearities are caused by the materials nonlinear elastic and viscoelastic characteristics. Stiffness is amplitude dependent and the material exhibits a significant amount of internal damping, which is predominantly Coulombic in nature but also relaxes overtime. In this work, a novel method for measuring the elastic and viscoelastic response of Carbon Black Filled Natural Rubber components has been devised and a ‘general purpose’ mathematical model developed that describes the materials response and is suited to use in multibody dynamic analysis software. The vehicle’s suspension rotary damper model describes three viscous flow regimes (laminar, turbulent and pressure relief), as a continuous curved response that relates angular velocity to damping torque. Hysteresis due to the compression of entrapped gas, compliance of the dampers structure and compression of damper oil is described by a single non-parametric equation. Friction is considered negligible and is omitted from the model. All components are modelled using MSC.ADAMS TM multibody dynamic analysis software. The models are shown to be easily implemented and computationally robust. QinetiQ’s requirement for ‘practical’ track running gear component models has been met.
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Zipp, Robert Philip. "Turbulent mixing of unpremixed reactants in stirred tanks." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184832.

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The turbulent mixing process between two liquid streams in a standard tank stirred by a Rushton turbine has been studied. Experimental measurements of concentration and segregation (fluctuating concentration) have been made for both reacting and non-reacting flows. For the non-reacting case, one stream was marked with a fluorescent dye; the local concentration was measured using a fluorescence technique and a bifurcated fiber optic probe of custom design. Measurements were taken at two axial-radial planes within the tank. In the reacting case, the second-order reaction between sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid was studied, and urinine acted as a fluorescent indicator which became non-fluorescent as the reaction proceeded. Numerical studies of the mixing in the laboratory-scale vessel were made. FLUENT, a general-purpose fluid flow modelling program, was used to simulate the flow within the tank. This program uses a k-epsilon closure of the turbulent momentum equations. The program was modified to allow the inclusion of a segregation balance equation. Using this segregation balance technique, the turbulent species balance equations were solved. The results of these simulations agreed with the experimental measurements in all regions except the region near the entrance jets, where the model could not adequately predict the fluid behavior. This study has successfully predicted the behavior of reacting fluids in a bench-scale turbulently mixed stirred tank by the implementation of a segregation balance throughout the entire domain.
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Ng, Kwok Wai. "The modes of tōgaku from Tang-period China to modern Japan : focusing on the ōshikichō, banshikichō and hyōjō modal categories." Thesis, Department of Music, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8716.

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Streckienė, Giedrė. "Research of Heat Storage Tank Operation Modes in Cogeneration Plant." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110621_170138-31454.

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The dissertation investigates typical operation modes of the heat storage tank in the small-scale cogeneration (CHP) plant, analyses formation of thermal stratifi-cation in such storage tank and presents the simulation of the stratification. The main aim of the dissertation is to investigate peculiarities of operation modes of heat storage tank in small-scale CHP plant, develop an algorithm allowing to choose the storage tank volume and present a model allowing determination of thermal stratification in the storage tank at any time of its operation.
Disertacijoje nagrinėjami būdingi šilumos akumuliacinės talpos veikimo režimai, susiformuojantys nedidelės galios kogeneracinėje jėgainėje, tiriamas šiluminės stratifikacijos susidarymas tokioje talpoje ir atliekamas jos modeliavimas. Pagrindinis disertacijos tikslas – ištirti nedidelės galios kogeneracinės jėgainės šilumos akumuliacinės talpos veikimo režimų ypatumus, sudaryti algoritmą, padedantį parinkti tokios talpos tūrį ir pateikti modelį, leidžiantį nustatyti šiluminę stratifikaciją akumuliacinėje talpoje bet kuriuo jos veikimo metu.
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Gallant, Sarah K. Henry. "Linking university and teacher communities, a think tank model of collaborative professional development." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ61554.pdf.

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Alberts, William Clyde Kirkpatrick. "A model for the acoustic behavior of plastic blast-hardened anti-tank landmines /." Full text available from ProQuest UM Digital Dissertations, 2005. http://0-proquest.umi.com.umiss.lib.olemiss.edu/pqdweb?index=0&did=1268594601&SrchMode=1&sid=13&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1184870471&clientId=22256.

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23

Caillol, Cécile. "Scalar boson decays to tau leptons: In the standard model and beyond." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/229443.

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Cette thèse présente une étude du secteur scalaire dans le cadre du modèle standard (MS), ainsi que la recherche d'un secteur scalaire étendu dans des théories au-delà du MS. Ces analyses ont en commun la désintégration d'au moins un des bosons scalaires en une paire de leptons tau. Les résultats sont basés sur les données collectées par le détecteur CMS pendant le Run-1 du LHC, lors de collisions proton-proton à une énergie dans le centre de masse de 7 ou 8 TeV. Le boson découvert en 2012, H, semble compatible avec un boson de Brout-Englert-Higgs (BEH) du MS, mais ce constat se base essentiellement sur l'étude des modes de désintégration bosoniques. Le mode de désintégration H->tau tau est le canal fermionique le plus sensible, et permet de tester les couplages de Yukawa du nouveau boson. Cette thèse décrit dans un premier temps la recherche d'un boson scalaire se désintégrant en leptons tau et produit en association avec un boson vecteur. Les données du Run-1 ne sont pas sensibles aux petites sections efficaces de production prédites dans le SM, mais la combinaison avec les autres modes de production montre avec évidence l'existence de désintégrations du boson H en taus. De nombreux modèles au-delà du MS, tels que l'extension supersymétrique minimale du MS (MSSM) ou les modèles avec deux doublets scalaires (2HDM), prédisent l'existence de plusieurs boson scalaires. Quatre recherches d'un secteur scalaire étendu au-delà du MS sont présentées dans cette thèse. La première analyse recherche un pseudoscalaire avec une masse entre 220 et 350 GeV, se désintégrant en un boson scalaire similaire à celui du MS et en un boson Z, dans l'état final avec deux taus et deux leptons légers. La deuxième analyse explore la possibilité d'une désintégration exotique de la nouvelle particule en deux bosons scalaires plus légers dans l'état final avec deux muons et deux leptons tau. Dans le cadre de la troisième analyse, une région en masse quasiment inexplorée auparavant au LHC est testée par la recherche d'un pseudoscalaire avec une masse entre 25 et 80 GeV, se désintégrant en leptons tau et produit en association avec deux quarks b, dans le contexte des 2HDM. La dernière analyse recherche une résonance lourde se désintégrant en une paire de leptons tau dans le contexte du MSSM. Aucun indice de nouvelle physique n'a été trouvé dans les analyses décrites ci-dessus, mais des limites strictes sur les sections efficaces des différents signaux ont été déterminées.
This thesis presents a study of the scalar sector in the standard model (SM), as well as different searches for an extended scalar sector in theories beyond the standard model (BSM). All analyses have in common the fact that at least one scalar boson decays to a pair of tau leptons. The results exploit the data collected by the CMS detector during LHC Run-1, in proton-proton collisions with a center-of-mass energy of 7 or 8 TeV.The particle discovered in 2012, H, looks compatible with a SM Brout-Englert-Higgs boson, but this statement is driven by the bosonic decay modes. The H-> tau tau decay mode is the most sensitive fermionic decay channel, and allows to test the Yukawa couplings of the new particle. The search for the SM scalar boson decaying to tau leptons, and produced in association with a massive vector boson W or Z, is described in this thesis. Even though a good background rejection can be achieved by selecting the leptons originating from the vector boson, Run-1 data are not sensitive to the small production cross sections predicted in the SM for the scalar boson. The combination with the gluon-gluon fusion and vector boson fusion production searches leads to an evidence for the decay of the H boson to tau leptons.Many BSM models, such as the minimal supersymmetric SM (MSSM) or models with two scalar doublets (2HDM), predict the existence of several scalar bosons. The decays of these bosons to tau leptons can be enhanced in some scenarios depending on the model parameters, which makes the di-tau decay mode powerful to discover BSM physics. Four searches for an extended scalar sector are detailed in this thesis. The first analysis searches for a pseudoscalar boson with a mass between 220 and 350 GeV, decaying to an SM-like scalar boson and a Z boson, in the final state with two light leptons and two tau leptons. Second, a search for the exotic decay of the new particle H to a pair of light pseudoscalar bosons, which is still allowed by all measurements made up to now, in the final state with two muons and two tau leptons is performed. Third, a mass region almost never explored at the LHC is probed by the search of a light pseudoscalar, with a mass between 25 and 80 GeV, decaying to tau leptons and produced in association with b quarks. The last analysis describes the search for a heavy resonance in the MSSM, decaying to a pair of tau leptons. None of these analyses has found any hint of new physics beyond the SM, but stringent limits on the cross section of such signals could be set.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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24

Villette, François. "Endommagement de milieux hétérogènes : Le papier en tant que matériau modèle." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALI062.

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La compréhension, la modélisation et la prévision de la rupture dans les matériaux hétérogènes sont des enjeux importants pour de nombreuses applications comme la résistance des structures de génie-civil ou les détachements de blocs rocheux par exemple. Actuellement, la modélisation de la fissuration dans les modèles d’endommagement fait intervenir une longueur interne qui n’est pas encore reliée explicitement aux longueurs caractéristiques du matériau. L’objectif de ce travail est d’étudier l’influence des hétérogénéités du matériau sur les processus de fissuration en utilisant le papier comme matériau d’étude. Ce matériau a en effet la propriété de révéler sa structure (fibres et agrégats de fibres) par transmission optique et permet ainsi de suivre l’évolution de l’endommagement au cours de la rupture à moindres coûts. Dans un premier temps, les propriétés structurales et mécaniques locales des agrégats de fibres ont été obtenues à partir d’images acquises par tomographie à rayons X et d’essais de tractions. Des essais de traction filmés ont ensuite permis de visualiser le développement de la zone d’endommagement et de relier ses dimensions au comportement post-pic de la courbe de traction. Sur la base de cette analyse, une méthode originale de calage de la longueur interne a été proposée sur un modèle d’endommagement continu non local. Le rôle des différentes longueurs caractéristiques du matériau a été mis en évidence par ces résultats qui ont été complétés par une étude de la statistique de propagation de fissure dans un matériau hétérogène en utilisant un Fiber Bundle Model (modèle à faisceaux de fibres), que nous avons dans le cadre de cette thèse étendu à des champs aléatoires de rupture corrélés dans l’espace
The understanding, modeling and prediction of failure in heterogeneous materials are important issues for many applications such as the resistance of civil engineering structures or rock detachments for example. Currently, damage models involve an internal length that is not yet explicitly related to the characteristic lengths of the material. The objective of this work is to study the influence of material heterogeneities on cracking processes using paper as a model material. Indeed, this material has the property to reveal its structure (fibers and fiber aggregates) by optical transmission and thus allows following the evolution of the damage during the rupture at lower costs. In a first step, the local structural and mechanical properties of the fiber aggregates were obtained from images acquired by X-ray tomography and tensile tests. Filmed tensile tests were then used to visualize the development of the fracture process zone and to relate its dimensions to the post-peak behaviour of the tensile curve. On the basis of this analysis, a novel method of calibration of the internal length was proposed on a non-local continuous damage model. The role of the different characteristic lengths of the material was highlighted by these results which were complemented by a study of the crack propagation statistics in a heterogeneous material using a Fiber Bundle Model that we have extended to spatially correlated random fields of rupture
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Hylton, Sonya Lynn. "Numerical Investigation of Boiling in a Sealed Tank in Microgravity." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1420574170.

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Keefer, Keaton Andrew. "DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF AN ANALYTICAL CHARGE-HOLD-VENT MODEL FOR CRYOGENIC TANK CHILLDOWN." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1364996750.

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27

Zelenak, Stephanie. "The effects of program model and language on science TAKS scores among fifth graders." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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28

Kensing, Vibeke. "Black-Box Model Development of the JAS 39 Gripen Fuel Tank Pressurization System : Intended for a Model-Based Diagnosis System." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1528.

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The objective with this thesis is to build a Black-Box model of the tank pressurization system in JAS 39 Gripen. This model is intended to be used in an existing diagnosis system for the security control in the tank pressurization system. The tank pressurization system is a MIMO system. This makes the identification process more complicated when the best model is to be chosen. In this master's thesis the identification procedure for a MIMO system can be followed. Testing of the diagnosis system with the created Black-Box model shows that the model seems to be good enough. The diagnosis system takes the right decisions in the performed simulations. This shows that system identification might be a good alternative to physical modelling for a real-time model. The disadvantage with the Black-Box model is that it is less accurate in steady-state than the physical model used before is. The advantage is that it is faster than the physical model. The diagnosis system and the model developed in this thesis are not directly applicable on the real system today. The model has to be redesigned on the real system, this is also the case for the diagnosis system. The diagnosis system also has to be redesigned, so general flight cases, not only the security control can be supervised. However, experiences and choices like input and output signals, and choice of sample interval can be reused from this thesis when a new model might be developed.

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Kiringu, Kuria. "Consideration of factors that affect flood levels in the Tana River Delta in Kenya." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96890.

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Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Tana River, the largest river in Kenya, is an important habit that supports numerous types of life, which creates an attractive environment. Occasionally loss of life and damage to property are experienced during floods. Upstream development of hydropower generation dams without consideration of downstream impacts is well documented in literature and the aftermaths are being well exhibited currently. The aim of the thesis is to investigate and identify factors that affect the flood levels in the Tana River Delta by using a two dimensional model and eventually drawing up a velocity- water depth interaction hazard classification map. Reviews of the literature clearly established that the floods in the delta are not generated by internal rainfall only but also operation of upstream dams accounting for 95% of the flood levels. Consequently, investigations of the impacts of dams have on flow regime were carried out. Probabilistic analysis revealed that post dam seasonal patterns has not been impacted but the magnitude of flood peaks has generally declined due to the attenuation of small peaks. However, large/flash floods (10 year Annual Recurrence Interval (ARI) spill at the dams causing major flooding downstream. Further probabilistic analysis on river discharges and sea water level was carried out to determine various ARI peaks. This incorporated climate change based on the 4th IPCC report. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model was set up and calibrated with recorded discharges and theoretically derived parameters. Impacts of extreme tidal levels were investigated on the water levels and other factors limiting flood propagation. Finally, the model was used to simulate the 2, 50 and 100 year ARI inclusive of climate change floods and, based on Australian guidelines, flood lines and hazard maps were drawn. The results show that high tides elevate water levels in the delta in combination with the bottleneck effect at the rechanneled canal. The road crossing through the delta has inadequate bridges to convey the floods. The derived flood maps drawn (Figure 6-4) highlight that settlements in the lower delta are located within the 2 year ARI flood lines and that the extent of flooding is similar or less so in 50 and 100 year ARI flood peaks simulated. The model predicted the velocity and water depths with sufficient accuracy and recommendations are made that the study area should be extended upstream, and more field data should be collected to aid in calibration and that land use should be incorporated in flood map classification. In conclusion, the thesis has identified the flood hotspots and factors governing floods. These findings could assist in decision making by various agencies proposing flood mitigation or advocating post dam flooding scenarios.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Tanarivier is die grootste rivier in Kenia en ’n belangrike habitat vir verskeie tipes diere en plante wat ‘n aantreklike omgewing skep.Verlies aan lewens en skade aan eiendom vind egter somtyds tydens oorstromings plaas. Die bou van damme vir die ontwikkeling van hidrokrag hoër op in die rivier sonder om die impak laer af in ag te neem, asook die gevolge daarvan, word dikwels in die lireratuur beskryf. Die doel met hierdie tesis is om die faktore wat die vloedhoogtes in die Tanarivier beïnvloed met die gebruik van ’n twee-dimensionele hidrodinamiese model te ondersoek en te identifiseer en om dan ’n gevaarsonekaart te teken wat die interaksie tussen waterspoed en -diepte toon. Die oorsig van die literatuur het getoon dat die oorstromings in die delta nie die gevolg is van reën in die binneland nie, maar dat die damme hoër op in die rivier verantwoordelik is vir 95% van die oorstromings. Dus is die impak van die damme op oorstromings ondersoek. Waarskynlikheidsontleding het oor die algemeen getoon dat die na-dam seisoenale vloeipatrone nie beinvloed is nie, maar dat veral die kleiner vloedpieke in die algemeen afgeneem het as gevolg van vloedattenuasie deur die damme. Groter en frats oorstromings (>1:10 ARI) veroorsaak egter steeds dat die damme oorloop en lei tot ernstige oorstromings. Die verdere waarskynlikheidsontleding van riviervloei en die seewatervlak is uitgevoer om die verskillende Jaarlikse Herhaling Periode (JHP) vlakke vas te stel. Dit het klimaatsverandering gegrond op die 4de IPCC verslag ingesluit. ʼn Twee dimensionele hidrodinamiese model is opgestel en gekalibreer teen waargenome vloei en teoreties-afgeleide parameters is gekalibreer. Die impak van uiterste getyvlakke asook faktore wat die oorstromings beperk is ondersoek. Die model is toe gebruik om die 2, 50 en 100 JHP vloedoorstromings te simuleer en vloedlyne en gevaarkaarte is volgens die Australiese riglyne geteken. Die resultate toon dat hooggety die watervlak in die delta laat styg veral in kombinasie met die bottelnek effek van die nuwe kanaal. Daar is te min brûe op die pad wat die delta deurkruis, om die vloede se vloei deur te laat Die kaarte wat geteken is toon dat daar nedersettings in die laer delta binne die 2 JHP jaar vloedarea is en dat die omvang van oorstromings dieselfde of laer is as die 50 en 100 JHP jaar vloedpieke wat gesimuleer is. Die model kan gebruik word om die vloeispoed en waterdieptes redelik akkuraat te voorspel en die volgende aanbevelings word gemaak. Toestande hoër op teen die rivier moet ondersoek word, meer data wat gedurende kalibrasie gebruik kan word moet versamel word en grondgebruik moet in die kaartklassifikasie ingesluit word. Ten slotte is die gevaarpunte vir oorstromings en die faktore wat oorstromings veroorsaak aangetoon. Hierdie bevindinge kan van nut wees as besluite geneem moet word veral wat betref die voorkoming van oorstromings nadat damme gebou is.
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30

Cook, Shane Stuart. "Effects of headwinds on towing tank resistance and PMM tests for ONR Tumblehome." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2688.

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Calm water towing tank experiments consisting of resistance tests and static and dynamic planar motion mechanism (PMM) tests are performed for a surface combatant with primary focus on the effects of hurricane scale headwinds. The experiments are designed to gain a better understanding of the physics of ship response to wind and to provide a validation dataset for an unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes (RANS)-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code used for computing both air and water flow around a ship. Hurricane scale wind speeds are chosen to maximize the measurable effect of wind on ship forces and motions for a more definitive analysis and comparison with CFD. The geometry is the 1/48.9 scale fully appended ONR Tumblehome model 5613, which has length L = 3.147 m and is equipped with a superstructure. Tests are performed in a 3.048 × 3.048 × 100 m towing tank with wind generated by a custom built wind carriage towed ahead of the ship model. Air-stream velocity measurements indicate a maximum relative wind speed magnitude of 9.38 m/s with 6 - 7% uniformity and RMS values of approximately 4.5%. The effects of three wind speeds on static and dynamic forces, moment, and motions are analyzed. Results show that wind contributes significantly to surge force (approximately 46% at Fr = 0.2). Resistance data shows agreement with CFD computations with errors averaging approximately 4%. The drag coefficient above water is approximately 0.3 and generally decreases with increasing ship speed. Sway force and yaw moment are largely affected when the ship experiences oblique orientation to the flow. Forces and moment exhibit quadratic scaling with wind speed. Roll is the most sensitive motion to wind and is counteracted by it up to 1.8° for PMM test conditions. In addition, harmonic amplitudes of forces and moment data from dynamic tests are used to determine hydrodynamic derivatives for all three wind conditions following a mathematical model. The effect of wind on hydrodynamic derivatives is significant with changes on the order of 10 - 100%.
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Dewanda, Petrus Adrianto. "Correlation studies in the DalTech Towing Tank for three series 63 models." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0018/MQ48261.pdf.

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Wu, Siyu. "From a literary man to a model Confucian : Han Yu's image in the Tang anecdotes." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/57540.

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The early Northern Song witnesses the commencement of an elevation of Han Yu’s status in intellectual history. However, the image of Han Yu as a cultural hero established by the Northern Song intellectuals departs greatly from how Han Yu perceived himself and how he was perceived during his day. This paper examines how Han Yu was perceived by the Tang intellectuals after him by reading the anecdotes preserved in the five compilations produced during the 9th and 10th centuries: Wei Xuan’s Liu binke jiahualu, Li Zhao’s Guoshibu, Zhao Lin’s Yinhualu, Zhang Du’s Xuanshizhi and Wang Dingbao’s Zhiyan. This thesis argues that the Tang literati’s recognition of Han Yu’s commitment to some basic Confucian moral values proceeded gradually throughout the second half of the Tang dynasty. Contrary to Peter K. Bol’s assertion that the transformation of Han Yu’s image from a literary genius to a model Confucian took place after the Tang collapsed, the paper supplements Anna M. Shields’ speculation and contends that Han Yu’s understanding and practice of Confucius’ teaching, along with his literature, had increasingly drawn attention from the intellectual community by the late Tang period. Not only were Han Yu’s writings exalted, his consistent concern for public affairs, his stoic antagonism to Buddhism and Daoism, and his adherence to Confucian moral values in public and private life were also highlighted. Confronting unprecedented political depression and moral deficiency, the late Tang intellectual community portrayed Han Yu as a model Confucian, an image Han Yu could not imagine during his day.
Arts, Faculty of
Asian Studies, Department of
Graduate
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MALIGO, CARLOS. "SIMULATION MODEL OF THE OPERATION OF TANK TRUCK LOADING AT AN AUTOMOTIVE FUELS DISTRIBUTION PLANT." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2005. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=7890@1.

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Esta dissertação tem como objetivo estudar a influência da compartimentação dos caminhões-tanque na operação das bases de distribuição de combustíveis automotivos, operação esta que está inserida na cadeia de suprimentos destes produtos. O trabalho parte da constatação da tendência de modificação da compartimentação atualmente predominante, e avalia o impacto desta modificação naquele elo da cadeia logística de distribuição de combustíveis automotivos. Este trabalho pretende fornecer uma base para futuros estudos que, seguindo o moderno conceito de gerenciamento da cadeia de suprimentos, avaliem os trade-offs presentes nesta operação, visando minimizar os custos desta atividade. O cenário e a prática atual da indústria são relatados no início do trabalho. Em seguida é apresentada uma revisão bibliográfica referente às principais bases teóricas nas quais o estudo está apoiado. Na seqüência, é apresentado um modelo e um estudo de simulação focando a influência da compartimentação na operação das bases. Na parte final são apresentados os resultados do estudo de simulação para os diversos cenários considerados. São apresentados também comentários sobre o potencial da técnica de simulação, e deste modelo em particular, para a análise de outros cenários, assim como sugestões de outros estudos relacionados ao assunto.
This dissertation studies the effects of compartmentalization of tank trucks on the operation of automotive fuels distribution plants. The operation is part of the supply chain of such fuels. This work looks at the current trend of compartment modification and assesses the impact of this modification in that portion of the distribution chain. The present work is intended as a basis for future studies aimed at evaluating the trade-offs that exist in this type of operation in order to allow for cost reductions. The initial part of this dissertation examines current practices in the industry. Next, the work reviews the bibliography containing the main theoretical principles which frame this study. This is followed by a model and a simulation study focusing on how compartmentalization impacts distribution plant operations. The final part presents the results of the simulation study applied to the different scenarios proposed. This work also offers comments on the potential use of the simulation study technique - and, in particular, the model herein - in analyses of alternative scenarios, as well as suggestions of other studies related to this topic.
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34

Vasconcellos, Sofia Melo. "Desenvolvimento de um índice de umidade do solo derivado da versão distribuída do Tank Model." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/171447.

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Soil moisture can be a determining factor in hydrological processes. However, the monitoring of soil water content is difficult to perform because of its spatio-temporal variability and because field measurements are expensive and time-consuming. Thus, the use of the Tank Model and also a moisture index derived from this model can be very useful in hydrological studies and in the management of natural disasters. In addition, the evaluation of this index in a distributed form in the river basin allows a more detailed analysis of the water content of the soil, considering its spatial variability. The objective of this study was to develop a distributed version of the Tank Model (D-Tank Model) to determine a soil moisture content (IUS), dividing the basin into cells with a resolution of 2 meters. The study area was the Araponga River basin (5.26 ha), located in the north of Santa Catarina, and with hydro-meteorological and tensiometric data available. In the study, data were used every 5 minutes of rainfall, evapotranspiration and flow, and soil water tension every 10 minutes, measured from March 2011 to December 2015. Initially the Tank Model was used, Aiming only at the rain-flow process of the basin for five short-duration events aiming at the calibration of the parameters, which were also used in the D-Tank Model cells. The validation of this transfer of parameters was done using the average of the parameters found in the calibration, applying it in two other short duration events. After validation, the water storage in the soil of each of the basin cells generated for the D-Tank Model was calculated. With the D-Tank Model, the IUS values were obtained, which were compared with the soil water tension values measured by the tensiometers. The individual storage values of the two reservoirs S1, and S2, were also compared with the water tension values. The comparison was made through the linear correlation coefficient, seeking negative correlations between the variables, which occurred in a satisfactory way, both between the IUS and the tension values, as well as the storage values of the reservoirs and the water tension values. The present work showed that IUS may be an applicable measure for soil moisture representation.
A umidade do solo pode ser um fator determinante nos processos hidrológicos. No entanto, o monitoramento do conteúdo de água no solo é difícil de ser realizado, devido à sua variabilidade espaço-temporal e porque as medições de campo são dispendiosas e demoradas. Assim, a utilização do Tank Model e também de um índice de umidade, derivado deste modelo, podem ser muito úteis nos estudos hidrológicos. Além disso, a avaliação desse índice de forma distribuída na bacia hidrográfica permite uma análise mais detalhada do conteúdo de água do solo, uma vez que considera a sua variabilidade espacial. O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver uma versão distribuída do Tank Model (D-Tank Model), para determinar um índice de umidade do solo (IUS), dividindo a bacia em células com resolução de 2 metros. A área de estudo foi a bacia hidrográfica do Rio Araponga (5,26 ha), localizada no norte de Santa Catarina, e com disponibilidade de dados hidro-meteorológicos e tensiométricos. No estudo foram utilizados dados a cada 5 minutos de precipitação, evapotranspiração e vazão, e de tensão de água no solo a cada 10 minutos, medidos no período de março de 2011 a dezembro de 2015. Inicialmente foi utilizado o Tank Model (concentrado), visando somente o processo chuva-vazão da bacia para cinco eventos de curta-duração visando a calibração dos parâmetros, que foram também utilizados nas células do D-Tank Model. A validação desta transferência de parâmetros se deu utilizando a média dos parâmetros encontrados na calibração, aplicando-a em outros dois eventos de curta duração. Após a validação, foi calculado o armazenamento de água no solo, de cada uma das células da bacia, geradas para o D-Tank Model. Com o D-Tank Model obteve-se os valores de IUS, que foram comparados com os valores de tensão da água no solo, medidos pelos tensiômetros. Os valores de armazenamento individuais dos dois reservatórios S1, e S2, também foram comparados com os valores de tensão. A comparação foi feita através do coeficiente de correlação linear, buscando correlações negativas entre as variáveis, o que ocorreu de forma satisfatória, tanto entre o IUS e os valores de tensão, como para os valores de armazenamento dos reservatórios e os valores de tensão da água no solo. O presente trabalho mostrou que o IUS pode ser uma medida aplicável para representação da umidade do solo.
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35

Rokebrand, Luke Lambertus. "Towards an access economy model for industrial process control." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/79650.

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With the ongoing trend in moving the upper levels of the automation hierarchy to the cloud, there has been investigation into supplying industrial automation as a cloud based service. There are many practical considerations which pose limitations on the feasibility of the idea. This research investigates some of the requirements which would be needed to implement a platform which would facilitate competition between different controllers which would compete to control a process in real-time. This work considers only the issues relating to implementation of the philosophy from a control theoretic perspective, issues relating to hardware/communications infrastructure and cyber security are beyond the scope of this work. A platform is formulated and all the relevant control requirements of the system are discussed. It is found that in order for such a platform to determine the behaviour of a controller, it would need to simulate the controller on a model of the process over an extended period of time. This would require a measure of the disturbance to be available, or at least an estimate thereof. This therefore increases the complexity of the platform. The practicality of implementing such a platform is discussed in terms of system identification and model/controller maintenance. A model of the surge tank from SibanyeStillwater’s Platinum bulk tailings treatment (BTT) plant, the aim of which is to keep the density of the tank outflow constant while maintaining a steady tank level, was derived, linearised and an input-output controllability analysis performed on the model. Six controllers were developed for the process, including four conventional feedback controllers (decentralised PI, inverse, modified inverse and H¥) and two Model Predictive Controllers (MPC) (one linear and another nonlinear). It was shown that both the inverse based and H¥ controllers fail to control the tank level to set-point in the event of an unmeasured disturbance. The competing concept was successfully illustrated on this process with the linear MPC controller being the most often selected controller, and the overall performance of the plant substantially improved by having access to more advanced control techniques, which is facilitated by the proposed platform. A first appendix presents an investigation into a previously proposed switching philosophy [15] in terms of its ability to determine the best controller, as well as the stability of the switching scheme. It is found that this philosophy cannot provide an accurate measure of controller performance owing to the use of one step ahead predictions to analyse controller behaviour. Owing to this, the philosophy can select an unstable controller when there is a stable, well tuned controller competing to control the process. A second appendix shows that there are cases where overall system performance can be improved through the use of the proposed platform. In the presence of constraints on the rate of change of the inputs, a more aggressive controller is shown to be selected so long as the disturbance or reference changes do not cause the controller to violate these input constraints. This means that switching back to a less aggressive controller is necessary in the event that the controller attempts to violate these constraints. This is demonstrated on a simple first order plant as well as the surge tank process. Overall it is concluded that, while there are practical issues surrounding plant and system identification and model/controller maintenance, it would be possible to implement such a platform which would allow a given plant access to advanced process control solutions without the need for procuring the services of a large vendor.
Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering
MEng
Unrestricted
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36

Yang, Seungwon. "Automatic Identification of Topic Tags from Texts Based on Expansion-Extraction Approach." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/25111.

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Identifying topics of a textual document is useful for many purposes. We can organize the documents by topics in digital libraries. Then, we could browse and search for the documents with specific topics. By examining the topics of a document, we can quickly understand what the document is about. To augment the traditional manual way of topic tagging tasks, which is labor-intensive, solutions using computers have been developed. This dissertation describes the design and development of a topic identification approach, in this case applied to disaster events. In a sense, this study represents the marriage of research analysis with an engineering effort in that it combines inspiration from Cognitive Informatics with a practical model from Information Retrieval. One of the design constraints, however, is that the Web was used as a universal knowledge source, which was essential in accessing the required information for inferring topics from texts. Retrieving specific information of interest from such a vast information source was achieved by querying a search engine's application programming interface. Specifically, the information gathered was processed mainly by incorporating the Vector Space Model from the Information Retrieval field. As a proof of concept, we subsequently developed and evaluated a prototype tool, Xpantrac, which is able to run in a batch mode to automatically process text documents. A user interface of Xpantrac also was constructed to support an interactive semi-automatic topic tagging application, which was subsequently assessed via a usability study. Throughout the design, development, and evaluation of these various study components, we detail how the hypotheses and research questions of this dissertation have been supported and answered. We also present that our overarching goal, which was the identification of topics in a human-comparable way without depending on a large training set or a corpus, has been achieved.
Ph. D.
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37

East, Allen C. "Comparison of tank engagement ranges from an operational field test to the Janus(A) combat model." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/28047.

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38

Kazi, Nayela Zeba. "Lab Experiment Documenting Growth of Microbes in an Extreme Condition." Thesis, 2016. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4361.

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Bacterial population during 3.2 billion years of early earth was responsible for modifying the greenhouse gas concentration in the early earth. Here we studied the primitive facultative anaerobe E.coli K12, known to contain pathways of mixed acid fermentation in stressed oxygen deficient environment. We carried out chamber experiments where bacteria were grown in M9 minimal media containing 0.4% glucose in crimp sealed chambers for a period of 7 days-12 days. Growth rate for the bacteria were monitored using optical density measurements and CFU values on LB agar. δ13C of CO2 was analysed using Gas Bench peripheral connected with IRMS MAT 253. We observed an approximate enrichment of 3‰ in the 13C data of respired CO2 from the 1st day of incubation till 12 days of incubation under stressed conditions. We suggest that enrichment in δ13C captured a shift in the carbon source from glucose to acetate.
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39

Chang, Chun-Chang, and 張峻彰. "Model Building for Assessing Tank Battlefield Damage." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63416099756503504331.

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碩士
國防大學管理學院
資源管理及決策研究所
97
A tank integrates overwhelming fire power, high cross-country mobility and strong survivability into an organic whole of ground fighting equipment in modern weapon systems. Nevertheless, in order to confront numerous threats, a tank depends solely on appropriate Battlefield Damage Assessments and Repair for the maintenance of its fighting capacities as well as for its survival. Whenever a damage occurs, damage assessment must be applied in situs in order to determine if the damage needs or/and can be repaired. This study offers a model of damage assessment to the teams fighting in forefront to determine whether a combat-damaged tank needs repair. The model first analyzes allocations of equipment elements and establishes a damage tree then through the application of the Probability Theory the staff in forefront can have reliable probability figures to determine the extent of damage of the tank as well as the degree of repair needed. The parameters obtained from the exploration of the damage assessment theory and the damage patterns can be used as references for both logistical management and decision making of commanders on battlefield. And the references are: (1) information on the design of new equipment and improvement on the current equipment; (2) support of logistical management and decision making of commanders; and (3) research on battlefield repair and logistical preparedness.
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40

LEE, CHIA-YU, and 李佳育. "Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Electronic Luggage Tags." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8mahr6.

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碩士
國立高雄餐旅大學
觀光研究所
106
Based on the rapid growing trend of the information system and Internet technology, the development of mobile services increases efficient information immediately. More and more industries utilize new technology. Both airport and airline company have been using innovation and convenient Self-service Technology to instead of traditional services. In order to understand the consumers' behavioral intention about adopting the innovation and environmental product electronic luggage tags by Rimowa in 2016. This study takes the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as basis and combines two additional constructs: personal innovativeness, perceived risk for using electronic luggage tags（perceived risk as an interference variable. A total of 430 questionnaires were delivered on the Internet by convenient sampling and 386 valid questionnaires were collected. This research uses the method of regression analysis to develop a research model. The result suggested that personal innovativeness, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use，attitude were significantly impacted individual’s attitude toward adoption while perceived risk was in moderate relationships to attitude toward adoption.
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41

Zeng, Y., Yakun Guo, L. Zhang, T. Xu, and H. Dong. "Nonlinear hydro turbine model having a surge tank." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/7792.

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yes
This paper models a hydro turbine based on the dynamic description of the hydraulic system having a surge tank and elastic water hammer. The dynamic of the hydraulic system is transformed from transfer function form into the differential equation model in relative value. This model is then combined with the motion equation of the main servomotor to form the nonlinear model of the hydro turbine, in which the power of the hydro turbine is calculated using algebraic equation. A new control model is thus proposed in which the dynamic of the surge tank is taken as an additional input of control items. As such, the complex hydraulic system is decomposed into a classical one penstock and one machine model with an additional input control. Therefore, the order of the system is descended. As a result, the feasibility of the system is largely improved. The simulated results show that the additional input of the surge tank is effective and the proposed method is realizable.
National Natural Science Foundation of China (50839003, 50949037, 51179079), Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province (No. 2008GA027)
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42

Singh, Aishvarya Pratap. "Multi-Tank Level Control Using Internal Model Control and Internal Model Cascade Control." Thesis, 2015. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/7872/1/2015_MT_multi-Tank_Pratap_Singh.pdf.

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This project deals with the study, design and application of IMC (Internal Model Control) and IMCC (Internal Model Cascade Control) strategies for an unconstrained single input and single output system. Both strategies have been studied by applying them on a Tank Level Control System under varying system as well as input parameters. The application of both strategies on the model of the system is done and step responses of the modeled system under different operating conditions are analyzed to deduce various conclusions. Based on various performance parameters a tuning rule for best tuning parameter to give optimal performance has been designed. It also consist the comparison of various control strategies like PID and PID cascade with above two strategies with different tank configurations. An improvement is also added to IMC for improvement in disturbance rejection. IMC consists of single tuning parameter which is filter coefficient of the main loop controller whereas IMCC consists two tuning parameters, one of primary loop and other for the secondary loop. An important thing is that for designing of IMC and IMCC controllers modeling of the experimental setup has been done. The MATLAB and SIMULINK software has been used for designing of the IMC and IMCC controllers, which were designed considering deduced process model as original process. For IMCC, the secondary process is taken to be control valve. At last an Empirical formula for IMC has been derived which gives the value of best tuning parameter for a given process, based on given performance indices like Rise Time, Settling Time, Peak Time and Peak Overshoot.
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43

Wu, I.-Yun, and 吳依芸. "Investigating the Runoff Forecasting of Time-variant Tank Model." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73618433143497698695.

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碩士
國立成功大學
水利及海洋工程學系
88
The forecasts according to that the reservoir catchments runoff hydrograph has become an important reference for the flood control operation. Especial lily the great & medium flood bring the great threat for the downstream reach of the supply chain, therefore, we need to have an simulating system, for which we can be more specific on controlling the responses of catchments. By the progressing of the wireless transmission system nowadays and with the real-time updating model formation constructed on the modified tank, the rainfall-runoff model can do more advanced dynamic simulating investigation of catchment hydrlogy process. Variant time distribution of rainfall and geographic specialty influence the catchment response that usually exhibits large time-variant of the shedding ability. The research here use the modified tank with three type real-time updating methods: use Gauss_Newton method as the parameters optimization technique, use Kalman Filter dealing with the updating of system status, and comparing with time-nonvariant model simulation to discuss with the influence of time-variant parameters model and updating state to simulating runoff. Also discuss with what the accuracy of rainfall information feedback will do to the real-time updating rainfall-runoff model. The research takes Tseng-Wen Reservoir catchment as the analytic example with using Auto-Computing for Thiessen Polygon Model to on time have average rainfall within the catchment and co-operate with observation flow of reservoir to establish time-variant tank model, by which, we hope can do lowers difference between real and forecasts on the forecasts to the inflow, to help on processing flood controlling.
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44

Lu, CHING HONE, and 呂俊弘. "Study of Characteristics of Rainfall Lag Type Tank Model." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02255018316047237794.

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45

Huang, Ying-Hua, and 黃盈華. "The Application of Diffusive Tank Model in Field Runoff." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64728108247083615449.

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碩士
國立中興大學
土木工程學系
87
The major purposes of this study is the simulation of Field Runoff with Diffusive Tank Model. In this research ,these testing paddy fields are JYAU-ShI Agricultural lands located in Ilan and SHING - YING Agricultural lands located in Tainan . The SHI - LWO Vegetable Area is located in Yunling and DUNG-SHR FARM is located in Jyayi are used to be dry fields to simulate . We set the water stage recorders and the rainfall recorders in these testing fields . According to the datas , we can estimate the parameters of the Tank Model . The results of parameter optimization show that the parameters of paddy fields are B=1.025(m/ha) , m=0.01 ; and the parameters of dry fields are B=5.48(m/ha) , m=0.50 . After parameters estimation , use Diffusive Tank Model to evaluate the influences of discharge on drainage system when crops are changed into paddy field , and to discuss the standards of the drainage system . The results from the calculations show that the runoff intensity will be increasing when crops are changer in paddy field. Keywords : Diffusive Tank Model ; Parameter optimization ; Drainage system ; Paddy field.
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46

Lu, Ming-Chin, and 呂明進. "SHIH-TANG ON PATHOLOGICAL DAMP OBSTRUCTION MODEL IN MICE." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78464952524826621198.

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博士
中國醫藥學院
中國醫學研究所
83
Damp obstruction is a common syndrome in which the spleen and stomach are obstructed by dampness. Symptoms of damp obstruction are oppression in the chest, loss of appetite and drinking scant of urine; fatigued and cumbersome limbs, slight fever, thick tongue fur, and soggy pulse. Damp obstruction can not be diagnosed by modern scientific methods. However, it can be diagnosed by the traditional physicians based upon an overall analysis of symptoms and can be cured with traditional Chinese herbs. Sheng-Yang-Ch''u- Shih-Tang (SYCST) was first described in Shih-Ch''ung-I-Shu, which was written by Tung- Yuan Li in Jing Dynasty. SYCST was made up with Radix Bupleuri, Pericarpium Citri Chachinensis, Polyporus Umbellatus, Rhizoma seu Radix Notopterygii, Rhizoma Alismatis, Radix ledebouriellae, Medicated leaven, Rhizoma cimicifugae, Rhizoma Atractylodes, Radix Glycyrrhizae, and Germinatus Fructus. All of them belong to aromatic dampness transforming agents and warm bitter dampness-drying agents. The mechanism for SYCST to cure damp obstruction is to reduce dampness by using aromatics and then dry dampness with warm bitter agents. In order to investigate the damp obstruction, we established damp obstruction model which the spleen and stomach are obstructed by dampness in mice. We also evaluated the effects of SYCST on the mice with damp- obstructed symptoms. The signs and symptoms of damp obstruction in mice are fatigue and hypnosis, loss of appetite and drinking, short voidings of scant urine, mucous difficult stool, low temperature or slight fever, lost flesh, and slimy and greasy fur. The damp-obstructed mice were administered SYCST 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g/kg for 5 consecutive days. The recovery rate of SYCST group was faster than the control group. These results indicated that SYCST could cure the damp obstruction. This study can be used as an animal model for studying damp obstruction.
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47

Ou, Yu-Hsuan, and 歐羽軒. "Application study on irrigation management for paddy tank model." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79854835911113422068.

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碩士
國立中興大學
土木工程學系所
102
Owing to Taiwan's special hydrographic and physiographic environment, the rainfall patterns in temporal and spatial distribution show a very unbalanced state. It results in quite differences between the wet and dry season in hydrological condition and difficulties of the storage and utilization of water resources. In the total water supply, agricultural water is the largest. Since the agricultural water has greater flexibility to adjust in accordance with the amount of water supply, so it would act as an important role of water use allocation in the dry season period, and would be used as the main target to cause more significant results in developing countermeasures of water use. Therefore, this study integrates the correlative domestic and foreign research for intensification of rice cultivation system with water use based on the concept of SRI promoted in the international community to explore the water use suitable for Taiwan rice and establish the best water management strategy. The field experience were carried on in the Waipu district of Taichung City, and the area of experimental field is about 487 m2. Decades of rainfall record of rainfall station in Taichung is used for hydrological analysis. Through the applications simple paddy tank model and System Dynamics based on the concept of water balance to estimate, the agricultural water use and crop evapotranspiration of various irrigation management ways would be clarified to establish the scenarios model of water requirement of paddy field.   In the future, the case is likely to face extreme weather. Through the application of technology for the deployment of irrigation water, strengthening the water management measures in the field to improve the rainfall utilization. It is expected that results of this study for enhancing agricultural water use efficiency.
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48

Chen, Tai-Yang, and 陳岱源. "Study on Base Flow Separation by Modified Tank Model." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29543290830982699146.

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碩士
國立成功大學
水利及海洋工程學系碩博士班
93
Abstract Taiwan’s climate belongs to subtropics type with rainy and humid weather during the summer season. Because of the unequally rainfall distribution in space and time, the surface water resource is restricted for short stream length and steep slope condition. Appropriately assigning water resources is necessary for water supplying at present and demand for the future. In order to achieve this object, basic base flow data of streams are important as well as relative research of minimum biological demand in stream, starting velocity of send/gravel transported in river, water shortage index and water right studies. Base flow comes from the storage of groundwater which has the small variation of discharge during drought and/or sunny days. There are four base flow separation method which are geochemical method, graphical method, modified filter and analytical method. Because these methods are arbitrary or possess no physical means or not meet the real hydrologic situations, this paper try to use the concept of modified tank model to separate the base flow. Rainfall and discharge data of Song Mao station in the year 1994~1997 were collected to build the modified tank model and the adaptive random search technique is used for parameters optimization analysis. This model then simulated the rainfall~runoff relation with the data of 1998 and got the CE (coefficient of efficiency) value of 0.764. The simulation result showed that the modified tank model of Song Mao station can be accepted as a reasonable model. The base flow is the sum of Q3 and Q4 value analyzed by this model. At last, base flow of same period which has been separated by graphical method and modified filter were compared with the result analyzed by modified tank model. Mean dried and mean low stream discharges (respond base flow effect) as well as dried season analysis value are considered as the quantitative tools to identify the analysis error of base flow separation. In the result, there are 86.5%~92.5% base flow computed by modify tank model in between the mean low stream and dried stream discharges, and it is only 57.9 cms variance with the mean flow value calculated by dried season analysis. So the modify tank model can be response real hydrologic phenomenon with physical means and has a good practicality in the way of base flow separation.
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49

Li, Zong-Lin, and 李宗霖. "Development and establishment of system dynamics model of aerobic tank and membrane tank in modified A2O system." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/db8rxs.

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碩士
國立中央大學
環境工程研究所
106
The modified A2O activated sludge treatment system removes carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from water by microbial action to meet the flow standard. Generally, the A2O wastewater treatment system is a semi-open system, and changes in the external environment will affect the water quality characteristics of the sewage, thereby affecting the treatment efficiency. Failure to properly control the water quality in a timely manner may result in deterioration of the outflow water quality. This study uses the concept of system dynamics to analyze the reaction mechanism between various substances and microorganisms in the system, and based on this, develops and establishes the dynamic mode of the aerobic tank and membrane filter system of the modified A2O system. At the same time, the rate of microbial reaction in the model is estimated by using artificial neural network. Compare the simulation results with the actual outflow water quality data, the relative error between the simulation results of MLSS, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and orthophosphate is 3.57%~196.65%, and the absolute error is less than 8.1919mg/L, which is an allowable error range. This result indicates that the model can effectively estimate the concentration of the substance. The absolute error of the simulated concentration and actual concentration of SCOD is 24.07 mg/L, and the simulation results are not as good as other water quality project estimation results, which may be caused by the gradual accumulation of errors in the SCOD estimation results in a single tank. When the data of the second experiment is used for simulation, the error between the simulation result and the actual data increases. Comparing the two experimental data, although the influent water quality has changed, it is oscillated around the first batch of experimental data. Therefore, the judgment caused the error because the system phase changes.
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50

Wang, Hong-Miao, and 汪虹妙. "Development and establishment of system dynamics model of anaerobic tank and anoxic tank in modified A2O system." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gczd8d.

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碩士
國立中央大學
環境工程研究所
106
The modified A2O system is connected by anaerobic tank, anoxic tank, aerobic tank and membrane bioreactor(MBR) to treat urban domestic sewage, and this research object is anaerobic tank and anoxic tank. Since the operators of sewage treatment plant are used to take fixed operation and control method, and the sewage treatment system design is used to the steady state mathematical model, it cannot cope with the dynamic sewage treatment system with the influent water quality and quantity changing with time. This study will integrate the system dynamics model of non-structural problems, combined with the adaptive learning ability, nonlinear mapping ability and fault tolerance of the artificial neural network, integrated into the system dynamic model of the modified A2O system can find out the cause of the anaerobic tank and the anoxic tank problem. It is expected not only to improve the stability of the outflow water quality, but also to improve the normal operation of the modified A2O system for subsequent system operation, control, maintenance and management. The anaerobic tank and anoxic tank system dynamic model in modified A2O system established in this study is more feasible under continuous water quality testing and monitoring conditions. And we through the system dynamic model find the cause of the system problem and simulate the model under different conditions, to develop the operation and control strategy of problem in modified A2O system.
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