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Journal articles on the topic 'Tamiang language'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Putri, Irmayani, Syahnan Daulay, and Malan Lubis. "Phonological Interference and Morphology of BMT in Student Narrative Essays, Indonesia." Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal 2, no. 1 (February 26, 2019): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birle.v2i1.186.

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This Study dealt with Morphology of BMT in Student Narrative Essays, Indonesia In Tamiang Dialect. The influence of the downstream dialect language of Tamiang cannot be ignored by the people of Tamiang Hilir. The Lower dialect Tamiang language used since childhood in the home, family environment, and the community has been so pervasive to the users of the local language. This fact shows that the people of Tamiang Hilir often use Indonesian in a formal environment or only certain circles. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. Qualitative research generally tries to form or construct theory through collected data. In the description, it is presented in a systematic, factual, and accurate manner regarding the data and characteristics of the phenomena studied. The result shows that There are phonological equations, morphology in Malay and Indonesian. Because, Indonesian root groups adopted the Malay language as the basis for use. So that many lexical meanings are homonym, homograph and hyponym in Malay that are similar to Indonesian and other regional languages.

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2

Aziz, Zulfadli A., Masrizal Mahmud, and Maya Safhida. "Kinship terminology in the Tamiang language: A Malay variety spoken in Eastern Aceh, Indonesia." Studies in English Language and Education 7, no. 2 (September 3, 2020): 642–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/siele.v7i2.16802.

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This qualitative research examines kinship terms in the Tamiang language and the strategies of selection of the terms by its speakers. The data for this research were obtained through questionnaire, and interview from eight informants living in Bendahara Sub-District, Kejuruan Muda Sub-District, Karang Baru Sub-District, and Seruway Sub-District, Aceh Tamiang Regency, the Aceh Province. Observation was also done on the use of some of the kinship terms directly by the people in the speech community. This observation took place while the authors were socializing with the speakers in the research location. The results showed that the kinship terms in the Tamiang language are based on consanguinity and affinity. The kinship terms in the language also refer to birth order. Then, the strategies of the selection of kinship terms in the Tamiang language are based on kinship, age, gender, and descent, especially in terms of a speech event. Viewed role relationships, the terms addressed to men/women in the third layer of vertical relationships are not different. The horizontal relationship indicating the position of siblings and wife/husband is equal. The horizontal role relationship of cousins in the Tamiang language is limited to the third order. This study is very urgent since the study on kinship terms in the Tamiang language has not been conducted comprehensively before. Complete terms used to address family members in the Tamiang language are provided in this study, and it can be one of the resources for further research in the same field of study.

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3

Firdaus, M. "Bentuk dan Alasan Penggunaan Kata Makian Bahasa Melayu Tamiang di Akademi Komunitas Negeri Aceh Tamiang." Jurnal Adabiya 21, no. 1 (July 17, 2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/adabiya.v21i1.6451.

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This research aims to describe Form and reason of use of Tamiang Malay Language swears word by Aceh Tamiang Comunity Akademy. Swear words are often used to pout other people or express resentment so that it feels far from national ethics and culture. the researcher used sociolinguistic studies to approach the phenomenon. The researcher attempts to associate the choice of variety and variations of swear words to find the form and the reasons of use swear word at the student level. This research method uses descriptive qualitative research methods, this means, the researcher attempted to present data on the use of swear words to students using in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussion.This study concludes that there are differences in form and reason of use of Tamiang Malay Language swear word by Aceh Tamiang Comunity Akademy.This research aims to describe Form and reason of use of Tamiang Malay Language swears word by Aceh Tamiang Comunity Akademy. Swear words are often used to pout other people or express resentment so that it feels far from national ethics and culture. the researcher used sociolinguistic studies to approach the phenomenon. The researcher attempts to associate the choice of variety and variations of swear words to find the form and the reasons of use swear word at the student level. This research method uses descriptive qualitative research methods, this means, the researcher attempted to present data on the use of swear words to students using in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussion.This study concludes that there are differences in form and reason of use of Tamiang Malay Language swear word by Aceh Tamiang Comunity Akademy.

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Darwis, Muhammad. "Politeness Language Analysis in Teenagers Reviewed from Sociolinguistics." Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal 1, no. 1 (November 28, 2018): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birle.v1i1.79.

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This study aims to find out and describe data on language politeness among teenagers in Kuala Simpang city, Aceh Tamiang district in terms of sociolinguistics. The appropriate research approach uses in this study is qualitative research. The type of research is field research. The data of this study is the conversation of teenagers of Bukit Tempurung Village, Kuala Simpang City. Data sources are a number of teenagers in Bukit Tempurung Village, Kuala Simpang City. Data collected by recording techniques during social activities, then in manuscripts in the form of conversation. The results showe that there are 6 languages politeness maxims used by teenagers during social activities. Maksim is in the form of wisdom maxims of four (4) data, generosity maxims as much as seven (7) data, award maxims of two (2) data, simplicity maxim of one (1) data, consensus maximization of fourteen (14) data, and the implicit maxim of one (1) data. Based on the research data, the most dominant maxim is the agreement maxim

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5

Chairuddin, Chairuddin. "THE SHIFT OF ACEHNESE LANGUAGE IN PULAU KAMPAI COMMUNITY, NORTH SUMATRA." LANGUAGE LITERACY: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching 2, no. 1 (July 7, 2018): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30743/ll.v2i1.478.

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This Study deals with “The Shift of Acehnese Language in Pulau Kampai Community”.The aims of this research are: (1) to obtain the reasons of language shifting that has happened in Pulau Kampai? (2).to find out what factors that caused shifting of Acehnese language in Pulau Kampai.This research use the qualitative descriptive, The Subject of research is the second generation of Acehnese community in Pulau Kampai. The Researcher found that the shifting pattern of Acehnese language among Acehnese community in Pulau Kampai is bilingual subordinate patterns that exist in the second stage. The Acehnese community (in this case, second generation) still uses Acehnese language predominantly but there are some new words that come from other languages that are used to replace some words in Acehnese.The shifting of Acehnese language happened caused by four factor that interconnected between one and the other. The four factors include (1). Migration (Acehnese community in Pulsu Kampai is a newcomers from the other areas, that are Beurenuen, Sigli, Tamiang and Aceh Timur, (2). Number of the speaker (Acehnese community is minority community, (3) Demographic, (Location of new area), and (4) Economic (a condition that requires Acehnese people to meet or join with other workers)caused a shifting of language.

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6

Toha, Muhammad. "RETENSI DAN INOVASI FONOLOGIS PROTOBAHASA MELAYIK PADA BAHASA MELAYU TAMIANG." Ranah: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/rnh.v5i1.40.

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This research was conducted diachronically. The object of this research is the PM phonemes which experienced retention and innovation in Melayu Tamiang language which observed the diachronic perspective. The data used in this research are 400 vocabularies. It was collected in Durian Village, Rantau District; Rantau Bintang Village, Bandar Pusaka District; Sekerak Kanan Village, Sekerak District and Bandar Khalifah Village, Tamiang Hulu District. The data was collected using listening and speaking method along with registering and recording techniques. The data were analysed using qualitative method. Diachronically, the result of the research showed that PM vowels, such as /*a/, /*ə/, /*i/ and /*u/ are still passed down by BMT until now. However, there are innovation occurred to *u < /U/ and *a < /ɔ/ vowels. Similarly, some PM consonants such as /*b/, /*d/, /*g/, /*h/, /*j/, /*k/, /*l/, /*m/, /*n/, /*p/, /* r/, /*s/, /*t/, /*w/, /*y/, /*ñ/, /*ŋ/ and /*ˀ/ are still maintained by BMT, while the consonant phonemes which experienced innovation are *h < Ø/ , *k < /ˀ/, *l < /ˀ/, *r < /R/ , *s < /h/ and *t < /ˀ/. ABSTRAK AbstrakPenelitian Protobahasa Melayik ini dilakukan secara diakronis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan fonem protobahasa Melayik (PM) yang mengalami retensi dan inovasi pada bahasa Melayu Tamiang (BMT) ditinjau dari persepektif diakronis. Data yang digunakan sebanyak 400 kosakata. Pengumpulan data dilakukan di Kampung Durian, Kec. Rantau, Desa Rantau Bintang, Kec. Bandar Pusaka, Desa Sekerak Kanan, Kec. Sekerak, dan Desa Bandar Khalifah, Kec. Tamiang Hulu. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode simak dan cakap dengan teknik catat dan rekam. Data dianalisis dengan menerapkan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fonem vokal PM seperti /*a/, /*ə/, /*i/, dan /*u/ masih diwariskan oleh BMT hingga kini. Namun inovasi terjadi pada vokal *u < /U/ dan *a < /ɔ/. Inovasi terjadi dengan sejumlah fonem konsonan PM, seperti /*b/, /*d/, /*g/, /*h/, /*j/, /*k/, /*l/, /*m/, /*n/, /*p/, /* r/, /*s/, /*t/, /*w/, /*y/, /*ñ/, /*ŋ/, dan /*ˀ/ masih dipertahankan oleh BMT sampai saat ini. Fonem konsonan yang mengalami inovasi adalah * h < Ø/ , *k < /ˀ/, *l < /ˀ/, *r < /R/ , *s < /h/ dan *t < /ˀ/.

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7

Zulkafifah, Wahyu Dita, Dharmono Dharmono, and Muhammad Zaini. "ETHNOBOTANY STUDY OF CEMPELAHU (Cordia dichotoma G. Forst) IN TAMIANG HILL FOREST OF TANAH LAUT REGENCY AS A POPULAR SCIENTIFIC BOOK." Jurnal Atrium Pendidikan Biologi 6, no. 2 (July 24, 2021): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/apb.v6i2.11579.

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Cempelahu plant (Cordia dichotoma. G. Forst) has distribution and benefits in the Bukit Tamiang-forest area. This study aims to describe the ethnobotany of cempelahu plant in the Bukit Tamiang-forest area, Tanah Laut Regency, to describe the validity and practicality of the contents of the popular scientific book Cordia dichotoma. G. Forst. The research method used is descriptive quantitative research followed by formative evaluation of the Tessmer test for the feasibility of BIP which was developed through the stages of Self evaluations, Expert review and one to one test. The results showed that Cordia dichotoma G. Forst plant has a tap root habit, simpodial stems are round, alternate ovate leaves, compound flowers are bordered, and the fruit is compound type of buni fruit. This plant is used as a medicine for ulcers and can disguise scars. Cordia dichotoma plant. G. Forst has the regional name "cempelahu" taken from the Banjar Campah language which means itching. The results of the development of teaching materials in the form of Popular Scientific Books on the expert review by 2 validators have very valid validation results and the results of the practicality of the contents on the individual test (one to one) by 3 students have very good results.

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8

Farianti, Suci. "THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL FACTORS ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN LEARNING ENGLISH." JL3T ( Journal of Linguistics Literature and Language Teaching) 4, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 53–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32505/jl3t.v4i2.757.

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The research focused on the social factors which can influence the students’ achievement in learning English. Social factors are believed as the factors which play a crucial role in language learning and it can give impacts on foreign language learning. In this case, this research was conducted to investigate the impacts of social factors of parents’ economic level, Parents’ education level, parents’ occupation level and the environment on students’ achievement in learning English as a foreign language. The objects of the research were 10 students with special need and their parents at the eighth grade of SLB Negeri Pembina Aceh Tamiang. In conducting the data, the test and the questionnaire were designed. The twenty question items of the test were given to the students and an eighteen item of questionnaire were given to the parents’ to find out the require information on the social factors. In addition, in analyzing the data, all available data were processed by SPSS 17.0 for descriptive, correlation, ANOVA, and predictive analysis. Furthermore, based on the finding and the result of the research, the hypothesis (H0) of the research was rejected. In other word, there was no a significant correlation between social factors namely parents’ economic level, parents’ education level, parent’s occupation level and environment on students’ achievement in learning English. Therefore, it can be stated that the variety of the students’ scores were not influenced by the social factors discussed on this research in which it was probably influenced by other factors such as the personality of the students, the students’ disability, etc.

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9

Wiandari, Fadhillah, and Siti Habsari Pratiwi. "THE USE OF LITERATURE IN DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ CHARACTERS THROUGH AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT." JL3T ( Journal of Linguistics Literature and Language Teaching) 4, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 76–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.32505/jl3t.v4i2.758.

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Students’ character can be developed in the learning process. Literature at schools in Indonesia is always considered complimentary and unimportant, even though literature is very influential in developing students’ skill in language. Literature is an important source that can influence the development of students’ character. This paper argues that the authentic assessment of the literary sources being taughtat schools helpsteachers to deal with ways of developingstudents’ character. Thus, this paper is to demonstrate the authentic assessment of literary sources taught atthe third grade of elementary schools at MIN 2 Aceh Tamiang in developing students’ character. The study used a mixed method; the use of experimental and qualitative methods. Experimental method was used to assess cognitive domains while qualitative descriptive was used to show affective and psychomotor domains. The findings show that in the cognitive domain, the assessment of poetry and drama are best carried through written, oral, and assignment tests. The affective domain is best performed through observation and journals while the psychomotor domain is done effectively through portfolios and performance appraisals. The paper shows that the literature teaching through authentic assessment at schools develops students’ responsibility, hard work, creativity, friendliness, and discipline. The finding also reveals that the scores obtained by students have reached the minimum scores of passing after the use of authentic assessment.

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10

Carpi, Daniela. "The Language of Clothing and the Law." Pólemos 10, no. 1 (April 1, 2016): 143–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pol-2016-0008.

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Abstract Elizabeth I’s portraits span more than 40 years of her reign: during this time her courtiers commissioned paintings that developed both her own image and a complex set of symbols that transmitted her power. These paintings, together with other iconological representations of her sovereignty, embody her personal way to advertise her own power and keep her subjects within the fascination of her figure. By commissioning portraits of the Queen her courtiers both expressed their loyalty to her and helped to develop the wide range of emblems and visual devices through which her propaganda could be promulgated. The analysis of the symbols interwoven with the dresses which enwrapped the Queen in her portraits conveys both the social situation of the period and Elizabeth’s will to impose her figure as divine so as to stress her legitimacy to the throne. The problem of power, legitimacy and legality are all intertwined in the dresses: the yarn that is spun by the painter’s brush represents the rules that keep society together. It symbolises the legal system with all its paraphernalia and anticipates an awareness for those in power to advertise their image which typifies our age. The fundamental function of clothing in making or unmaking a person’s status within society is often used in Renaissance plays. In many passages of Shakespeare’s The Taming of the Shrew, for example, clothing is clearly connected to authority and it becomes the central device in the taming process itself.

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Torres–Martínez, Sergio. "Taming English modals." English Today 35, no. 2 (April 29, 2018): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078418000081.

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In the present paper, I pursue a Construction Grammar (CxG) characterization of English modal auxiliaries (e.g., can-could, must, have (got) to, should, ought to, need to, will-would) that seeks to add to established lexical approaches. It is argued that Construction Grammar (e.g., Goldberg, 1995, 2006; Tomasello, 2003) can successfully account for underlying modality patterns, the understanding of which can lead to distinct gains for both linguistics and second language acquisition research. To that end, some of the tenets of CxG are invoked.

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Yeoh, Seng-Guan. "Taming Babel: Language in the Making of Malaysia." Round Table 108, no. 2 (March 4, 2019): 216–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00358533.2019.1592853.

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13

Tryfonova, Hanna, and Alona Mirko. "Problems of the translation of italian humor in the ukrainian language in the movie «The Taming of the scoundrel»." Vìsnik Marìupolʹsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu. Serìâ: Fìlologìâ 12, no. 21 (2019): 192–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-3055-2019-12-21-192-199.

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The article explores the techniques of creating a humorous effect in the Italian film «The Taming of the Scoundrel», taking into account the audiovisual nature of the material under study. Modern approaches to defining the concept of humour in linguistics are examined and the main linguistic means of realization of humour are discussed, including contextual changes of lexical meanings of words, expletive constructions, rhetorical questions, accumulation of homogeneous terms, sentence, use of incompatible concepts, repetitions, contrasting comparisons, metaphors, black humour, hyperbole, grotesque synecdoche, antithesis etc. It was revealed that the humorous effect of the movie «The Taming of the Scoundrel» is based on a combination of two incompatible stereotyped images – residents of the Italian village and the city. The main method of humour creation was a combination of incompatible concepts and depictions of deviations from the norm (disrespect for a sick person, arrogant behaviour with a beautiful woman, rudeness towards a woman, secular nature of religion, when a monk trains the volleyball team, love and understanding towards animals and disrespect towards people). Special attention in the realization of humour is drawn to the visual elements, built on the principle of a combination of the inseparable, the deviation from the norm and hyperbolization. The dialogues show patterns of conversational style and simplicity of vocabulary and syntax, so they do not require the use of a variety of translation transformations. The article describes ways of translating Italian humour into Ukrainian and mechanisms for conservation the humorous effect. The vast majority of sentences are translated by literal translation. In some cases, lexical substitutions are used. For the most part, the humorous effect persists, except the case of translation of wordplay, realities, artistic comparisons. In some cases, the humorous effect could be conserved by choosing other translation strategies. The movie «The Taming of the Scoundrel» gained high popularity because of its simplicity of perception. Although Western humour differs from Eastern humour because of national cultural, socio-psychological differences, the humour in the movie «The Taming of the Scoundrel» is clear and understandable. The humorous effect is lost only in cases of linguistic or cultural identity of the phrases. However, the problem of creating a humorous effect in audiovisual contexts and its conservation in different cultural areas remains always urgent.

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14

Marx, Maarten, Szabolcs Mikul, and Istv�n N�meti. "Taming logic." Journal of Logic, Language and Information 4, no. 3 (1995): 207–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01049413.

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15

Scherr, Maximilian, and Shigeru Chiba. "Almost first-class language embedding: taming staged embedded DSLs." ACM SIGPLAN Notices 51, no. 3 (May 11, 2016): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2936314.2814217.

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Abdurraheem, Hamzah, and Saheed Badmus Suraju. "TAMING POVERTY IN NIGERIA: LANGUAGE, ZAKAT AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT." QIJIS (Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies) 6, no. 1 (July 2, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/qijis.v1i1.3278.

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<p><em>Poverty, hunger and unemployment are social scourges ravaging many African countries, Nigeria inclusive. They constitute great obstacles to sustainable development and pose serious threats to security challenges. With her enormous human and material potentials, Nigeria ranks the 23<sup>rd</sup> poorest country in the world. To tackle the menace of poverty, hunger and unemployment, successive Nigerian governments have initiated series of poverty eradication or poverty-alleviation programmes. But these programmes, due to corruption and inefficient leadership, availed Nigerians nothing, as 61.5% of Nigerians, according to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), are living below $1.25 per day. Against this backdrop, this paper focuses attention on poverty and identifies Zakat, the third pillar of Islam, as a panacea for its alleviation. The paper discovers that lexical repetition, lexical collocation, synonyms, presuppositions and implicature are diverse linguistic features that are woven into the textual fabric of the Glorious Quran to foreground the paramount importance of Zakat as a social security towards poverty reduction. With a view to promoting national development and security, the paper concludes by advocating for an enabling law establishing a Central Zakat (and Sadaqah) Administrative Board that will be saddled with the responsibilities of collecting Zakat and distributing it to the beneficiaries as stated in Suratu-t-Tawbah, verse 60 (9:60). </em></p>

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17

Bruner, M. Lane. "Taming `wild' capitalism." Discourse & Society 13, no. 2 (March 2002): 167–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926502013002405.

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Chesnokova, Tatiana G. "The Taming of the Shrew by A.N. Ostrovsky: Some Aspects of Reception and the Principles of Translation of Shakespeare’s Comedy." Studia Litterarum 5, no. 4 (2020): 10–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2500-4247-2020-5-4-10-37.

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Albeit being an experienced translator of foreign drama, A.N. Ostrovsky translated only one Shakespeare’s piece — The Taming of the Shrew. His first attempt at its translation resulted in an abridged prose version entitled The Taming of the Spiteful Wife, which served as an embryo of the later prosimetric translation. While the interest in Shakespearean allusions in Ostrovsky’s plays may be traced back to the works of contemporary critics, it was not until mid-20th century that a comprehensive study of the play’s translation was written by a Shakespearean scholar M. Morozov further revisited and revised by Iu.D. Levin, V.I. Malikov, and N.K. Il’ina. Bearing on these studies, the author of this article demonstrates how the language of Ostrovsky’s translation is related to the basic language principles of the playwright and shows his reliance upon the editorial practice of the 18th–19th centuries. The article highlights the translator’s strategies in using verse and prose, blank verse and rhyme as a means to interpret Shakespearean characters, the genre and the style of the play. It also examines the synthesis of “domesticating” and “estranging” tendencies in the translated play

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Brandt, Bettina. "Taming Foreign Speech: Language Politics in Shadow Plays around 1800." German Studies Review 41, no. 2 (2018): 355–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/gsr.2018.0059.

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Buckley, Thea, and Saffron Walkling. "Theatre Reviews." Multicultural Shakespeare: Translation, Appropriation and Performance 11, no. 26 (December 30, 2014): 81–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mopa-2014-0007.

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21

Delport, Khegan. "On devotional doubt: consolation in Donald MacKinnon and Christian Wiman." Theology 123, no. 3 (May 2020): 172–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040571x20910701.

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This article seeks to unpack an oscillating duality within the work of Donald MacKinnon and Christian Wiman, particularly surrounding the theme of ‘consolation’. Using Geoffrey Hill’s heuristic of neither ‘denying nor taming’ the impress of reality, I suggest the practice of attentive prayer as one route through which these concerns are mutually sustained. Moreover, I also suggest that our language of contingency, as suggested by MacKinnon and Wiman, will need to be refigured in the light of Christology.

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Vēvere, Daira. "Fonētisko īpatnību dinamika dziļajās tāmnieku izloksnēs." Vārds un tā pētīšanas aspekti: rakstu krājums = The Word: Aspects of Research: conference proceedings, no. 24 (December 2, 2020): 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/vtpa.2020.24.199.

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The article aims to ascertain the dynamics of the phonetic features in the deep Tamian (tāmnieku) subdialects of the Livonianized dialect. The analysis is based on the materials of spoken language in subdialects of Pope, Ziras, Piltene, Zlēkas, Ance, Dundaga, and Ugāle, acquired by the author during the period of 2008–2019. These materials are compared with the data of the dialect archive of the Latvian Language Institute of the University of Latvia (the 50s and 60s of the 20th century). The dynamics of the phonetic features in the deep Tamian subdialects have been determined using several degrees of stability: stable, less stable, features that are disappearing, features fixed only in some subdialects, and features that have been lost. The language analysis shows that nowadays, the most stable features of the deep Tamian subdialects are the loss of short vowels in final syllables, e. g., ʒiêsm (< dziesma) ‘song’, zȇm (< zeme) ‘ground’, up (< upe) ‘river’, dar (< dara) ‘do, does’, and the reduction of long vowels in word endings, e. g., skuõla (< skuolā) ‘in the school’, mãjas (< mājās) ‘at home’, meža (< mežā) ‘in the forest’, stûri (< stūrī) ‘in the corner’, which are still widespread and most often used features in the speech of all generations. Less stable features are the reduction of monophthongs and diphthongs with a quality change, e. g., skuõlę (< skuolā) ‘in the school’, mãjęs (< mājās) ‘at home’, mežę // meže (< mežā) ‘in the forest’, stûra (< stūrī) ‘in the corner’, grãvas (< grāvjuos) ‘in the ditches’, and the insertion of the vowels a and ę for the elimination of syllabic liquids and nasals, e. g., ʒiêsam (< ʒiêsm < ʒiesma) ‘song’, vętar (< vętr < vętra) ‘storm’, sak̄ęn (< sak̄n̥ < sak̄ne) ‘root’. One of the endangered features is the loss of long vowels and diphthongs in the roots and suffixes, e. g., âbliš (< ābuoliņš) ‘clover’, kâpst (< kāpuosti) ‘cabbages’, vak̄riņ (< vakariņi ‘vakariņas’) ‘supper’, gȗlt (< gulēt) ‘to sleep’, rȗnt (< runāt) ‘to speak’, ʒîut (< dzīvuot) ‘to live’, which is observed only in older generation’s speech. The subdialects of Ance and Dundaga have preserved an archaic feature: a loss of a consonant is in future tense forms without the insertion of vowel ī, e. g., eîs (< ēdīs) ‘will eat’, laîs (< laidīs) ‘will let’, kris (< kritīs) ‘will fall’, sis (< sitīs) ‘will hit’. Few older generation’s speakers of the subdialects of Ance and Dundaga have maintained voiced consonants instead of unvoiced consonants at the end of the word or prefix, e. g., nãg (< nāk) ‘comes’, liêg (< liek) ‘lies’, krîd (< krīt) ‘falls’, tĩrid (< tīrīt) ‘to clean’, vęlag (< vęlāk) ‘later’, abrakˉ (< apraka) ‘buried’. The monophthongization and the labialization are lost in most of the deep Tamian subdialects.

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23

Evans, G. Blakemore, William Shakespeare, and Brian Morris. "The Taming of the Shrew." Modern Language Review 81, no. 1 (January 1986): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3728783.

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Honigmann, E. A. J., Ann Thompson, Norman Sanders, G. Blakemore Evans, Andrew Gurr, and R. A. Foakes. "The Taming of the Shrew." Modern Language Review 81, no. 3 (July 1986): 707. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3729204.

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25

Semino, Elena. "The taming of the text." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 1, no. 2 (May 1992): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096394709200100208.

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26

van Peer, Willie. "The Taming of the Text: Explorations in Language, Literature and Culture." Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 47, no. 2 (1989): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/431854.

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Miller, Jim. "Book Review: Taming the Vernacular: From Dialect to Written Standard Language." Language and Speech 42, no. 1 (March 1999): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00238309990420010501.

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Mandal, Sumit K. "Taming Babel: Language in the Making of Malaysia, by Rachel Leow." Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 174, no. 4 (November 20, 2018): 505–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-17404009.

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Ngin, Chor Swang. "Taming Babel: Language in the Making of Malaysia by Rachel Leow." Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 93, no. 1 (2020): 189–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ras.2020.0017.

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30

Whissell, Cynthia. "Emotion and the Humors: Scoring and Classifying Major Characters from Shakespeare's Comedies on the Basis of Their Language." Psychological Reports 106, no. 3 (June 2010): 813–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.106.3.813-831.

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The theory of humors, which was the prevalent theory of affect in Shakespeare's day, was used to explain both states (moods, emotions) and traits (personalities). This article reports humoral scores appropriate to the major characters of Shakespeare's comedies. The Dictionary of Affect in Language was used to score all words ( N = 180,243) spoken by 105 major characters in 13 comedies in terms of their emotional undertones. These were translated into humoral scores. Translation was possible because emotional undertones, humor, and personality (e.g., Eysenck's model) are defined by various axes in the same two-dimensional space. Humoral scores differed for different types of characters, e.g., Shakespeare's lovers used more Sanguine language and his clowns more Melancholy language than other characters. A study of Kate and Petruchio from The Taming of the Shrew demonstrated state-like changes in humor for characters as the play unfolded.

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FEAR. "TAMING RASPUTIN? BRAULIO AND ST AEMILIAN." Medium Ævum 76, no. 2 (2007): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/43633170.

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Mok, Mei Feng. "Taming Babel: Language in the Making of Malaysia, written by Rachel Leow." Journal of Chinese Overseas 14, no. 1 (April 23, 2018): 140–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17932548-12341372.

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Georgopoulou, Xenia, Eleni Pilla, Urszula Kizelbach, and Jacek Fabiszak. "Theatre Reviews." Multicultural Shakespeare: Translation, Appropriation and Performance 12, no. 27 (June 26, 2015): 147–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mstap-2015-0012.

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Romeo and Juliet for Two. Dir. Kostas Gakis, Athina Moustaka, Konstantinos Bibis. 104 Theatre, Athens, Greece. Lady Macbeth. Dir. Marios Mettis. Theatro Thentro, Nicosia, Cyprus Hamlet. Dir. Jan Klata. Gdańsk Shakespeare Theatre, Gdańsk, Poland The Taming of the Shrew [Poskromienie złośnicy]. Dir. Katarzyna Deszcz. Stefan Żeromski Theatre, Kielce, Poland

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Franco, Fabiola, and Donald Steinmetz. "Taming ser and estar with Predicate Adjectives." Hispania 69, no. 2 (May 1986): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/341698.

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Baumlin, Tita French. "Petruchio the Sophist and Language as Creation in The Taming of the Shrew." Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900 29, no. 2 (1989): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/450473.

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Chen, Aleck Shih-wei. "Form-first approach in foreign language word learning." Second Language Research 37, no. 1 (April 12, 2019): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267658319842300.

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This article reports a study examining whether foreign language (FL) word learning can be improved with reduction in cognitive load. Cognitive load theory has received substantial supports in various fields of learning but never in FL word learning. Due to the defined poverty in exposure to the FL, hence deprived cognitive pre-requisites for natural FL development, cognitive load could be critical to FL learning success. Thus while word learning may be a simple attempt of associating word forms with their meanings for L1 children, for FL learners, the cognitive load is multiplied by the additional task of taming the often intractable phonological forms (both perceptive and productive) at the same time they are making the association. In light of cognitive burden reduction, FL learners could thus benefit from learning phonological forms first as their L1 counterparts do. The present study examined whether beginning learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) learn English novel names better if first familiarized with the phonological rimes of target names whose referents are taught only later. Chinese-speaking first graders were assigned to one of three teaching conditions: rime familiarization, which familiarized children with rimes through rhyming activities without any meanings involved; spoken vocabulary, which taught words in rhyming groups together with their referents; and semantic control, which focused on word use. As the results showed, the rime familiarization group outperformed the other two by an improvement score several times greater, suggesting the critical role of cognitive load in FL word learning success.

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Trounstine, Jean. "Beyond Prison Education." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 123, no. 3 (May 2008): 674–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2008.123.3.674.

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During my ten years teaching college classes and directing eight plays at framingham women's prison in massachusetts, I was always at odds with institutionally funded education programs behind bars. While I chose plays and ran discussions to expand thinking (The Merchant of Venice, Lysistrata, The Taming of the Shrew, Simply Maria, and Waiting for Lefty, to name a few) the unspoken aim of the education department was to reform the women—that is, to enlighten them on what society says is the “best” way to be, to teach socially accepted behavior as an antidote to crime.

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Shank, David A. "The Taming of the Prophet Harris." Journal of Religion in Africa 27, no. 1-4 (1997): 59–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006697x00054.

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AbstractWe have looked at illustrations from a process going from a culture gap in inter-personal contacts, to rapidly scrawled notes—sometimes in a French transcription of heard English, edited in a filled-out synthesis in French, then translated and edited in English, then re-edited and published as a 'full account.' At every stage of the process, one may observe mutations, governed no doubt in large part by the major preoccupation of legitimation of the Wesleyan mission, in all good faith. And it produced the dominant interpretation of the Prophet Harris. The reconstructed message did greatly profit Methodist developments, even though many Harrists could not accept the Wesleyan claim to Harris's authorization of their mission. More important, the Methodists did not stand up as his spokesperson for 'Ethiopian' ways of conjugality ; on the contrary, they used his legitimation to sanction a monogamous discipline. An inherent contradiction was present in that a ministry which they could accept but not fully approve, was used to validate their own. But even more, the Wesleyan Mission clearly did not become a spokesperson for Harris's warnings to the colonial authorities, nor did they wish to seek legitimate authorization for Harris's return ministry in the French colony.37 The consequences of these differences were to have all kinds of implications for the future relationships between Methodists and the Harrists, for whom even today the name and reputation of the white 'Pasteur Benoit' have become ignominious. But in the process, important information was also recorded to permit us to enter into a better understanding of the phenomenal prophet on his own terms, and recognizing—in his own language—that 'God moves in mysterious ways... and uses the foolish things in the world to confound the wise.'38

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Doncu, Roxana. "Naming and Taming the Truth: Dana Gioia’s Transformative Poetry." American, British and Canadian Studies 36, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 26–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/abcsj-2021-0003.

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Abstract This essay attempts to trace the ways in which Dana Gioiaʼs use of form relates to, and simultaneously differs from Romanticism, Modernism and postmodernism. His particular brand of formalism takes up the notion of a connection between truth and beauty, without presuming to identify one with the other, and, at the same time, resisting both the Modernist obsession with dissolution and fragmentariness and postmodernism’s skepticism towards grand narratives. Form becomes a coalescing agent, uniting different aspects and levels of reality, and narratives are instrumental in shaping both the individual and the social body. The power to name (point to and describe) and to tame (to translate dark or incomprehensible aspects of reality), inherent in language, is the means by which poetry shapes our social and cultural world.

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Goldschmidt, Lucien, Robert F. Fleissner, Thomas A. Pendleton, and Barbara Hodgdon. "The Taming of the Shrew, by Shakespeare and Others." PMLA 108, no. 1 (January 1993): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/462859.

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Fleissner, Robert F. "The Taming of the Shrew, by Shakespeare and Others." Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 108, no. 1 (January 1993): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900175388.

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Pendleton, Thomas A. "The Taming of the Shrew, by Shakespeare and Others." Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 108, no. 1 (January 1993): 152–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s003081290017539x.

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43

Hodgdon, Barbara. "The Taming of the Shrew, by Shakespeare and Others." Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 108, no. 1 (January 1993): 153–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900175406.

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44

Trinley, Ngawang, Tenzin, Dirk Schmidt, Helios Hildt, and Tenzin Kaldan. "Taming the Wild Etext: Managing, Annotating, and Sharing Tibetan Corpora in Open Spaces." ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing 20, no. 2 (April 23, 2021): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3418060.

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Digital text is quickly becoming essential to modern daily life. The article you are reading right now is born digital; unlike texts of the not-so-distant past, it may never be printed at all. Worldwide, the trend is clear: Digital text is on the way in, and print is on its way out. Year-by-year, more and more readers are turning to ebooks, internet news, and other forms of ereading, while generation by generation, print is becoming less and less relevant. 1 1 Pew research shows 50% of Americans have a dedicated ereading device, with yearly gains in ereadership [1]; industry research, too, shows a definite trend toward ereading and non-traditional publishing, with ebooks making up 50% of fiction reading in 2016 [2], while journalism is also trending online [3]. These trends are not unique to English—to meet the demands and expectations of today's readers, Tibetan texts, too, are being digitized by many organizations and institutions with a shared appreciation for the Tibetan literary heritage. They include a variety of secular publishers, monastic institutions, and Buddhist foundations, among others. But while these organizations share common goals for common texts, their work is all too frequently completely disconnected from the community at large. This situation negatively impacts what is already a minoritized and under-resourced language. While competition—from other languages, as well as other publishers in the Tibetan etext world—has been a driver of innovation in the adoption of ereading technology, we believe that a rich, shared data source is not only in everyone's best interest but also the only practical way forward when we consider the time, effort, expertise, and money that quality digitization takes. That is why we have designed OpenPecha to be a public, open platform for collaborative etext curation and annotation sharing. Its aim is providing a wide range of users with the latest version of the exact “view” of any text needed, while maintaining the integrity of the text and its annotations and simultaneously allowing for community improvements and additions. In this article, we explore the details of how the project came to be, what it is, and how it works, while also presenting a few common use cases.

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45

Barlow, Jill. "London, Globe Theatre: ‘The Play's the Thing’." Tempo 67, no. 263 (January 2013): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298212001490.

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Shakespeare's Globe Theatre Season 2012, entitled ‘The Play's The Thing’, centred on Henry V and Richard III, with new music scores by Claire van Kampen, and The Taming of the Shrew, with a new score by Richard Hammarton. In addition – and well timed in the year of the Queen's Diamond Jubilee, and also the London Olympics – the Globe Theatre celebrated by sending out a worldwide invitation asking who would like to participate in their ‘Globe to Globe Festival’. As a result, 37 countries performed Shakespeare in 37 different languages here during the Season, within the architecture for which Shakespeare wrote, bringing with them a vast array of cultural diversity in music and dance dovetailed into the drama.

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46

Ajtony, Zsuzsanna. "Taming the Stranger: Domestication vs Foreignization in Literary Translation." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica 9, no. 2 (December 20, 2017): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ausp-2017-0020.

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Abstract The translator’s task is to bridge the gap between the source text (ST) and the target text (TT), to mediate between the source culture (SC) and the target culture (TC). Cultural mediation is always more than linguistic mediation: it facilitates understanding between cultures. Cultural mediators need to be extremely aware of their own cultural identity, understanding how their own culture influences perception (ethnocentric attitude). While foreignization introduces the TT audience to the ST culture as much as possible, making the foreign visible, domestication brings two languages and two cultures closer, minimizing the foreignness of the TT, conforming to the TC values, and making the unfamiliar accessible (Venuti 1995, Munday 2016). This paper investigates different ways to find the balance between these two tendencies, offering examples from literary translation.

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47

Gudykunst, William B., Stella Ting‐Toomey, and Richard L. Wiseman. "Taming the beast: Designing a course in intercultural communication." Communication Education 40, no. 3 (July 1991): 272–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03634529109378851.

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48

Sokol, B. J. "A Spenserian idea inthe taming of the shrew." English Studies 66, no. 4 (August 1985): 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00138388508598395.

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49

FLANAGAN, C., and M. FELLEISEN. "The semantics of future and an application." Journal of Functional Programming 9, no. 1 (January 1999): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956796899003329.

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The future annotation of MultiLisp provides a simple method for taming the implicit parallelism of functional programs. Prior research on future has concentrated on implementation and design issues, and has largely ignored the development of a semantic characterization of future. This paper considers an idealized functional language with futures and presents a series of operational semantics with increasing degrees of intensionality. The first semantics defines future to be a semantically transparent annotation. The second semantics interprets a future expression as a potentially parallel task. The third semantics explicates the coordination of parallel tasks by introducing placeholder objects and touch operations.We use the last semantics to derive a program analysis algorithm and an optimization algorithm that removes provably redundant touch operations. Experiments with the Gambit compiler indicate that this optimization significantly reduces the overhead imposed by touch operations.

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Calì, A., G. Gottlob, and M. Kifer. "Taming the Infinite Chase: Query Answering under Expressive Relational Constraints." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 48 (October 22, 2013): 115–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.3873.

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The chase algorithm is a fundamental tool for query evaluation and for testing query containment under tuple-generating dependencies (TGDs) and equality-generating dependencies (EGDs). So far, most of the research on this topic has focused on cases where the chase procedure terminates. This paper introduces expressive classes of TGDs defined via syntactic restrictions: guarded TGDs (GTGDs) and weakly guarded sets of TGDs (WGTGDs). For these classes, the chase procedure is not guaranteed to terminate and thus may have an infinite outcome. Nevertheless, we prove that the problems of conjunctive-query answering and query containment under such TGDs are decidable. We provide decision procedures and tight complexity bounds for these problems. Then we show how EGDs can be incorporated into our results by providing conditions under which EGDs do not harmfully interact with TGDs and do not affect the decidability and complexity of query answering. We show applications of the aforesaid classes of constraints to the problem of answering conjunctive queries in F-Logic Lite, an object-oriented ontology language, and in some tractable Description Logics.

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