Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Taille de la classe'
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Zinkone, Téné Rosine. "Broyage à billes de microalgues : étude et modélisation par classe de taille, application au bioraffinage." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT4084/document.
Full textMicroalgae are a sustainable feedstock for high value products and to produce 3rd generation biofuels. However, for a bulk production of microalgae it is necessary to consider a "biorefinery" approach which includes the complete valorization of the biomass. The wet route of microalgae biorefinery requires the disruption of cell walls and cell membranes to release the biomolecules. The disruption method is crucial since it determines the costs, the yields and the complexity of the fractionation and purification steps. Bead milling is an efficient mechanical cell disruption method that can be used at large scale and allows a mild or even selective release of intracellular molecules. The disruption mechanisms are complex and the large number of parameters increases the costs of the optimization of the operating conditions. The current study is focused on developing a predictive model for the cell disruption kinetics that takes into account the specificities of microalgae. The model includes the effect of cell size, hydrodynamics in the equipment, and the effect of the operating parameters. The model is usedto minimize energy consumption and for transposition of experimental results at large scale
Emond, David. "Regroupement optimal d'objets à l'intérieur d'un nombre imposé de classes de taille égale." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29891/29891.pdf.
Full textThis master's thesis is structured around the case in which we want to classify objects into a specific number of clusters of the same size. The choice of clusters to form is determined by minimizing the within-cluster variance or maximizing the within-cluster similarity. Three methods were developed to obtain the optimal clustering according to these two criterions. The first two approaches consist in splitting up the clustering problem in several sub-problems, one in a quantitative way and the other in a probabilistic way. The third method uses properties of the Markov chain limiting probabilities. The three methods are used to try to find the optimal geographic clustering to class the thirty National hockey league teams into six divisions of five teams. The efficiency of those approaches is assessed with simulations.
Glé, Corine. "Structure et dynamique des communautés microbiennes autotrophes et production primaire planctonique dans une lagune côtière macrotidale, le Bassin d'Arcachon : facteurs de contrôle de type bottom-up." Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13556.
Full textFouilland, Eric. "Contribution de l'autotrophie par classes de taille et par cellule dans la production primaire lagunaire et oceanique." Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066337.
Full textBijou, Mohammed. "Qualité de l'éducation, taille des classes et mixité sociale : Un réexamen à partir des méthodes à variables instrumentales et semi-paramétriques sur données multiniveaux - Cas du Maroc -." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TOUL2004.
Full textThis thesis objective is to examine the quality of the Moroccan education system exploiting the data of the programs TIMSS and PIRLS 2011.The thesis is structured around three chapters. The first chapter examines the influence of individual student and school characteristics on school performance, as well as the important role of the school environment (effect of size and social composition). In the second chapter, we seek to estimate the optimal class size that ensures widespread success for all students at both levels, namely, the fourth year of primary school and the second year of college. The third chapter proposes to study the relationship between the social and economic composition of the school and academic performance, while demonstrating the role of social mix in student success. In order to study this relationship, we mobilize different econometric approaches, by applying a multilevel model with correction for the problem of endogeneity (chapter 1), a hierarchical semi-parametric model (chapter 2) and a contextual hierarchical semi-parametric model (chapter 3). The results show that academic performance is determined by several factors that are intrinsic to the student and also contextual. Indeed, a smaller class size and a school with a mixed social composition are the two essential elements for a favourable environment and assured learning for all students. According to our results, governments should give priority to reducing class size by limiting it to a maximum of 27 students. In addition, it is necessary to consider making the school map more flexible in order to promote social mixing at school. The results obtained allow a better understanding of the Moroccan school system, in its qualitative aspect and the justification of relevant educational policies to improve the quality of the Moroccan education system
Silio, Calzada Ana. "Estimation de la production primaire nouvelle dans les zones d'upwelling à partir de données satellitaires multi-capteurs : application au système du Benguela, et étude de sa variabilité saisonnière et interannuelle." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066367.
Full textGoyer, Annie. "Étude sur la distribution des classes de taille et sur la relation entre la masse, le stade phénologique et la capacité reproductrice de cinq herbacées forestières à intérêt commercial." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2004. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4648.
Full textLevesque, Robert. "Le respect dans le milieu scolaire : une analyse comparée des perceptions des élèves et des enseignants en fonction de la culture organisationnelle et de la taille des écoles." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29713/29713.pdf.
Full textThe objective of this research was to compare the perceptions of teachers with those of students in regards to the concept of respect in schools. The conceptual framework allows us to better understand and to bring more light on the phenomenon of perception by highlighting variables such as age, sex, school size, culture and values that can influence the perception of individuals. The creation and the verification of the reliability of an instrument in the form of a Likert scale of measurement allowed us to analyze the perceptions of a sample of 226 teachers and 1021 students from seven francophone schools in New Brunswick. Factorial grouping was performed with the data in order to create a typology of perceptions from the participants and compare them according to the respondents’ gender, teachers’ age and experience, the student’s grade, school size and the teacher’s perception of the organizational culture. The results show a significant difference between the perceptions of teachers and students on 39 of the 50 behavior / scenarios proposed. Significant differences also exist in other demographic variables such as school size and the perception of the school’s culture, for both teachers and students. The results suggest that students, in some cases, do not necessarily intend to be disrespectful in their actions. Awareness of this reality on the part of teachers would reduce the risk of unnecessary conflict and foster an environment for constructive learning. It could also help teachers manage conflicts due to differences in perceptions.
Nascimento, Andrey Fabricio Ziem 1988. "Aspectos estruturais dos eventos moleculares associados à regulação e seletividade do transporte de cargas celulares pelas miosinas de classe V humanas." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/318096.
Full textTexto em português e inglês
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: As miosina de classe V, amplamente distribuídas em sistemas eucarióticos desde leveduras até vertebrados, são um dos mais caracterizados motores moleculares da superfamília das miosinas e desempenham um papel chave no transporte intracelular de vesículas, organelas e RNA mensageiro. As miosinas V consistem de duas cadeias pesadas idênticas que se dimerizam através da formação de uma estrutura coiled-coil e sua arquitetura tridimensional pode ser dividida em três distintos domínios: a porção N-terminal ou domínio motor que apresenta os sítios de interação com ATP e actina; a porção central ou pescoço formada por 6 domínios IQ, responsável pela regulação e interação com calmodulina; e a porção C-terminal que inclui a região coiled-coil e o domínio de ligação de cargas celulares também conhecido como domínio cauda globular (GTD). Uma das mais importantes questões pertinentes até hoje é como ocorre a sinalização e a interação entre as vesículas/organelas e o domínio globular C-terminal das miosinas V. Neste estudo, foram resolvidas as estruturas dos domínios cauda globular das miosinas Va, Vb e Vc humanas, revelando pequenas mudanças estruturais que levam a diferenciação funcional e, ainda, um novo mecanismo redox que controla a dimerização do GTD de forma independente do coiled-coil, que é exclusivo para a miosina Vc. As alterações estruturais induzidas pela fosforilação do GTD também foram exploradas, mostrando que o estado fosforilado possuí uma flexibilidade menor, podendo estar envolvido na regulação do estado inibido e/ou reconhecimento de cargas nucleares. Além disso, os sítios de ligação a carga e ao domínio motor foram estruturalmente anotados, indicando uma conservação de resíduos envolvidos na interação com adaptadores para o transporte de peroxissomos e proporcionando detalhes da inibição da atividade motora pelo GTD. Estes resultados contribuem para a compreensão dos determinantes estruturais para o transporte de carga, autoinibição e mecanismos de regulação dos motores de miosina V. Além dos resultados obtidos com a cauda globular, alguns problemas cristalográficos como o problema da fase, pseudosimetria e ordem-desordem cristalina foram abordados (descrito nos Apêndices 9.3 e 9.4). Patologias cristalinas como ordem-desordem parcial ou total podem estar relacionadas à valores elevados de Rfactor e Rfree, mesmo após a conclusão do refinamento, ou mesmo à dificuldade de resolução da estrutura. Problemas de ordem-desordem rotacional parcial e pseudosimetria foram observados em cristais de uma hidrolase glicosídica (TpAbn). Nesse caso, valores satisfatórios de Rfactor e Rfree foram obtidos somente após um minucioso processamento dos dados e redução da simetria. Além disso, os dados dos GTDs das miosinas de classe V foram utilizados como caso teste para o desenvolvimento de novas metodologias de faseamento ab initio em média e baixa resolução (2 ¿ 3 Å) em colaboração com o grupo de Prof. Dr. Isabel Usón (IBMB, Barcelona, Espanha). Utilizando o programa ARCIMBOLDO foi possível resolver a estrutura do GTD-MioVb a 2,1 Å utilizando apenas duas hélices de poli-Ala de 22 resíduos (7,5% do conteúdo da unidade assimétrica), mostrando o grande potencial desta metodologia para dados de média a baixa resolução
Abstract: The class V myosins (MyoVs) are widely distributed in eukaryotic organisms from yeast to vertebrates, being one of the most characterized molecular motors of the myosin superfamily. MyoVs play a central role in the intracellular transport of vesicles, organelles, messenger RNA and proteins. MyoVs consist of a coiled-coil-stabilized dimer of two identical heavy chains and their general structure can be divided into three distinct domains: the N-terminal portion or motor domain which binds both actin and ATP; the central portion or neck formed by 6 IQ domains, responsible for the regulation and interaction with calmodulin; and the C-terminal portion that includes the coiled-coil region and the cargo-binding domain also known as globular tail domain (GTD). One of the most important issues still obscure so far is how occurs the interaction between the cargoes and the globular C-terminal domain of myosin V. Here, we have solved the globular tail domain structures of the three human MyoV paralogs (Va, Vb and Vc), revealing subtle structural changes that drive functional differentiation and a novel redox mechanism controlling the GTD dimerization process, which is unique for the MyoVc subclass. The structural changes induced by the phosphorylation of GTD have also been explored, showing that the phosphorylated state is less flexible and may be involved in the regulation of the auto-inhibition mechanism and/or in the recognition of nuclear cargoes. Moreover, the cargo- and motor-binding sites were structurally assigned indicating the conservation of residues involved in the recognition of adaptors for peroxisome transport and providing high-resolution insights into motor domain inhibition by GTD. These results contribute to the understanding of the structural requirements for cargo transport, auto-inhibition and regulatory mechanisms in myosin V motors. In addition to the results obtained with the GTD structures, some crystallographic problems, such as the phase problem, pseudosymmetry and lattice order-disorder were discussed (described in Appendices 9.3 and 9.4). Crystal pathologies such as partial or total order-disorder may be related to high values of Rfactor and Rfree, even at late stages of crystallographic refinement, or even hindering the structure determination. Problems of partial rotational order-disorder and pseudosymmetry were found in TpAbn crystals where only after a careful data processing and symmetry reduction was possible to obtain satisfactory values of residuals (Rfactor and Rfree). Moreover, data from MyoV GTDs were used as a test case for the development of new methodologies for ab initio phasing at medium and low resolution (2 ¿ 3 Å) in collaboration with the group of Prof. Dr. Isabel Usón (IBMB, Barcelona, Spain). Using the program ARCIMBOLDO we have solved the GTD-MioVb structure at 2.1 Å using only two 22-residue-long poly-Ala helix fragments (7.5% of asymmetric unit content), showing the great potential of this methodology for data at medium to low resolution
Doutorado
Bioquimica
Doutor em Biologia Funcional e Molecular
Chapalain, Marion. "Dynamique des matières en suspension en mer côtière : caractérisation, quantification et interactions sédiments/matière organique." Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0010/document.
Full textThe knowledge of suspended particulate matter (SPM) and turbidity dynamics in coastal waters is essential for studying marine ecosystems. Flocculation/deflocculation processes are crucial mechanisms controlling the dynamics of SPM physical characteristics and thus, the fate of these SPM in the environment. This PhD thesis focuses on the SPM characteristics and their dynamics in coastal waters, from tidal to annual scales, in response to hydrodynamic, hydrological and biological forcing that take place at the interface between estuaries and coastal seas. To this end, optical and acoustic sensors were deployed in situ through 6 field campaigns in 2016, in order to characterize and quantify SPM in the water column, near the mouth of the Seine estuary (France). A critical analysis of LISST-100X measurements in coastal waters is presented. The quantification of uncertainties on SPM concentration measurements is investigated: it highlights the crucial effect of salt retention, and the need for a minimum mass to filter, around 10 mg. A method for estimating an optimal filtration volume based on a reference turbidity measurement is proposed. High frequency measurements show that the dynamics of SPM and median diameter are controlled by the advection-flocculationsedimentation-resuspension cycle.These results allow to classify the factors controlling flocculation processes. Turbulence is identified as the main factor at the semi-diurnal and semi-lunar tidal scales, as the maximum median size of flocs decreases when the tidal currents intensify.At the seasonal scale, the variation of SPM characteristics (size, density, settling velocity) is correlated to the variability of the organic matter (OM) content: in particular, flocculation is enhanced by an increase of the particular OM fraction. The resulting larger and lesser dense flocs are also more resistant to the fragmentation induced by shear. This work also investigates the fractal approach applied to flocs. The fractal dimension variability, calculated by combining in situ data of SPM concentration and particle size distribution, can be associated to variations of the SPM composition, but can also result from uncertainties linked to instrument limitations. The latter are discussed in this PhD thesis. The seasonal variability of SPM characteristics is more pronounced offshore than at the mouth of the Seine estuary. From short-term observations in the Seine Bay and from long-term series in the Belgian coastal zone provided by the RBINS, optical turbidity and acoustic backscatter measurements are combined. They highlight an increase of the acoustic backscatter intensity when mean floc density
JAMET, PLANCHE DOMINIQUE. "Variations temporelles et verticales de l'activite phosphatase alcaline associee a differentes classes de taille du materiel particulaire au sein de trois lacs du massif central de degres trophiques differents (lac pavin, lac d'aydat, retenue de villerest)." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995CLF21765.
Full textPajot, Anthony. "Souris HLA-classe I / HLA-classe II transgéniques H-2 classe I / classe II KO." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066234.
Full textValdenaire, Mathieu. "Essais en économie de l'éducation." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0145.
Full textThis thesis first provides empirical evidence on class size effects at different grades in French schools, and compares the magnitude of class size effects throughout pupils' curriculum. Using rich panel data and original census data, we estimate class size effects for 2 nd, 5 th, 8 th, 9th , 11 th and 12 th graders. Following Angrist and Lavy's (1999) seminal paper, the endogeneity of class size is addressed by using variations in class size triggered by existing maximum class size rules in France, Class size effects appear to be substantial in French primary schools: estimates for 2nd graders represent between -2,5 and -3 percent of a standard deviation per additional pupil This effect remains significant but smaller for 8th and 9th graders (between -1 and -1. 5 percent of a standard deviation) but is not significantly different from zero for 11 th and 12th graders, It then presents estimates of the relative efficiency of private and public elementary schools in France, Private 5chools students perform better at standard evaluations at the beginning of grade three, Once accounted for observable differences between private and public schools' students, however, public schools appear to perform slightly better. This conclusion hoIds if we consider alternative outc9mes, such as grade repetition. These estimates are potentially biased, as the choice of private schooling is correlated with unobservable characteristics. We run a falsification test that allows us to think that the model accounts for a large part of the heterogeneity between sectors, and thus allows us to conclude in a causal way
LOUIS-JACQUES, OTTO. "Grande taille familiale : etude de vingt-neuf observations." Angers, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ANGE1033.
Full textGabardo, Andréia Ayres. "Classe hospitalar." Florianópolis, SC, 2002. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/82413.
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Fayet, Pierre. "Propriétés d'agrégats métalliques sélectionnés en taille /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1987. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=684.
Full textCourbet, Clément. "Compression de maillages de grande taille." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00594233.
Full textMeloti, Aparecida Fernanda [UNESP]. "Características morfológicas dentoesqueléticas das más oclusões de classe I, classe II e classe II subdivisão." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95753.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A Classe II subdivisão é composta por um relacionamento oclusal assimétrico de Classe I de um lado da arcada dentária e Classe II do outro lado. Esse relacionamento oclusal assimétrico pode ter origem esquelética, dentoalveolar ou a combinação de ambas. Existem vários métodos para diagnosticar essa assimetria, e este estudo teve por objetivo utilizar telerradiografias laterais e radiografias panorâmicas para esse fim, além de estabelecer comparação com a morfologia existente nas más oclusões de Classe I e II. A amostra foi composta por 90 telerradiografias laterais e 90 radiografias panorâmicas iniciais de indivíduos brasileiros, de ambos os gêneros, com idade cronológica entre 12 e 15 anos, que foram selecionados de forma a contemplar três grupos de indivíduos com más oclusões específicas, sendo 30 indivíduos Classe I, 30 indivíduos Classe II simétrica e 30 indivíduos Classe II subdivisão. Foram realizadas mensurações lineares horizontais em telerradiografias laterais e mensurações lineares verticais e angulares em radiografias panorâmicas. Também foi estipulado um índice de assimetria para as telerradiografias laterais e utilizado, nas radiografias panorâmicas, um índice proposto por Habets em 1988. Os resultados mostraram que a Classe II subdivisão é caracterizada por uma assimetria dentária inferior. Paralelamente foi verificado que, na Classe I, há uma assimetria esquelética na altura do ramo mandibular e que a Classe II, assim como a Classe I e Classe II subdivisão, apresenta uma assimetria na altura condilar. Os achados encontrados nessas radiografias coincidem com os observados por outros autores que utilizaram diferentes métodos de diagnóstico e, portanto, sugerem que telerradiografias laterais e radiografias panorâmicas podem ser utilizadas para diagnosticar as assimetrias nas más oclusões.
The Class II Subdivision is characterized by an asymmetrical occlusal relationship of Class I on one side of the dental arch and another of Class II on its other side. This asymmetrical occlusal relationship can be of skeletal origin, dentoalveolar origin, or a combination of both. While there are several methods of diagnosis for such asymmetry, the objective of this study was to utilize lateral cephalometric radiographs and panoramic radiographs for this purpose, as well as for comparison of its morphology with the existing morphology on Class I and II malocclusions. The sample was formed by 90 initial lateral cephalometric radiographs and 90 panoramic radiographs of Brazilian individuals, from both genders, with chronological age between 12 and 15 years old, who were selected by contemplation of three groups of individuals with specific malocclusions, 30 individuals Class I, 30 individuals Class II symmetry, and 30 individuals Class II subdivisions. Linear horizontal measurements were performed on each lateral cephalometric radiographs, along with linear vertical and angular measurements on the panoramic radiographs. An asymmetry index was stipulated for the lateral cephalometric radiographs and an index proposed by Habets in 1988, was utilized for the panoramic radiographs. The results showed that a Class II Subdivision is characterized by a lower dental asymmetry. Parallel to that, it was observed a skeletal asymmetry on the Class I at mandibular ramus height, as well as the presence of an asymmetry at condylar height on the Class II, the Class I and the Class II subdivision. The findings on these radiographs coincide with those of other authors who utilized different methods of diagnosis, thus suggesting that lateral cephalometric radiographs and panoramic radiographs can be utilized for diagnosis of the asymmetries on malocclusions.
Meloti, Aparecida Fernanda. "Características morfológicas dentoesqueléticas das más oclusões de classe I, classe II e classe II subdivisão /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95753.
Full textBanca: Dirceu Barnabé Raveli
Banca: Acácio Fuziy
Resumo: A Classe II subdivisão é composta por um relacionamento oclusal assimétrico de Classe I de um lado da arcada dentária e Classe II do outro lado. Esse relacionamento oclusal assimétrico pode ter origem esquelética, dentoalveolar ou a combinação de ambas. Existem vários métodos para diagnosticar essa assimetria, e este estudo teve por objetivo utilizar telerradiografias laterais e radiografias panorâmicas para esse fim, além de estabelecer comparação com a morfologia existente nas más oclusões de Classe I e II. A amostra foi composta por 90 telerradiografias laterais e 90 radiografias panorâmicas iniciais de indivíduos brasileiros, de ambos os gêneros, com idade cronológica entre 12 e 15 anos, que foram selecionados de forma a contemplar três grupos de indivíduos com más oclusões específicas, sendo 30 indivíduos Classe I, 30 indivíduos Classe II simétrica e 30 indivíduos Classe II subdivisão. Foram realizadas mensurações lineares horizontais em telerradiografias laterais e mensurações lineares verticais e angulares em radiografias panorâmicas. Também foi estipulado um índice de assimetria para as telerradiografias laterais e utilizado, nas radiografias panorâmicas, um índice proposto por Habets em 1988. Os resultados mostraram que a Classe II subdivisão é caracterizada por uma assimetria dentária inferior. Paralelamente foi verificado que, na Classe I, há uma assimetria esquelética na altura do ramo mandibular e que a Classe II, assim como a Classe I e Classe II subdivisão, apresenta uma assimetria na altura condilar. Os achados encontrados nessas radiografias coincidem com os observados por outros autores que utilizaram diferentes métodos de diagnóstico e, portanto, sugerem que telerradiografias laterais e radiografias panorâmicas podem ser utilizadas para diagnosticar as assimetrias nas más oclusões.
Abstract: The Class II Subdivision is characterized by an asymmetrical occlusal relationship of Class I on one side of the dental arch and another of Class II on its other side. This asymmetrical occlusal relationship can be of skeletal origin, dentoalveolar origin, or a combination of both. While there are several methods of diagnosis for such asymmetry, the objective of this study was to utilize lateral cephalometric radiographs and panoramic radiographs for this purpose, as well as for comparison of its morphology with the existing morphology on Class I and II malocclusions. The sample was formed by 90 initial lateral cephalometric radiographs and 90 panoramic radiographs of Brazilian individuals, from both genders, with chronological age between 12 and 15 years old, who were selected by contemplation of three groups of individuals with specific malocclusions, 30 individuals Class I, 30 individuals Class II symmetry, and 30 individuals Class II subdivisions. Linear horizontal measurements were performed on each lateral cephalometric radiographs, along with linear vertical and angular measurements on the panoramic radiographs. An asymmetry index was stipulated for the lateral cephalometric radiographs and an index proposed by Habets in 1988, was utilized for the panoramic radiographs. The results showed that a Class II Subdivision is characterized by a lower dental asymmetry. Parallel to that, it was observed a skeletal asymmetry on the Class I at mandibular ramus height, as well as the presence of an asymmetry at condylar height on the Class II, the Class I and the Class II subdivision. The findings on these radiographs coincide with those of other authors who utilized different methods of diagnosis, thus suggesting that lateral cephalometric radiographs and panoramic radiographs can be utilized for diagnosis of the asymmetries on malocclusions.
Mestre
Millien, Virginie. "Taille des incisives et structure de taille des communautés de rongeurs : aspects écologiques et évolutifs en milieu insulaire." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20225.
Full textLa, Batide-Alanore Agnès. "Etude de la composante familiale dans la relation entre taille, croissance en taille et facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA11T051.
Full textSchmidt, Hans-Christoph. "Banc d'essai pour moteurs de petite taille /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1991. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?display=detail&nr=960.
Full textDe, Dobbeleer Corinne. "Synthèse de cycles de taille moyenne fonctionnalisés." Université catholique de Louvain, 2005. http://edoc.bib.ucl.ac.be:81/ETD-db/collection/available/BelnUcetd-10042005-091150/.
Full textRault, Jonathan. "Modélisation mathématique structurée en taille du zooplancton." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00850906.
Full textCaron, Eddy. "Calcul numérique sur données de grande taille." Amiens, 2000. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01444591.
Full textGueli, Guido <1983>. "L'azione di classe." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6255/1/Gueli_Guido_Tesi.pdf.
Full textThe research conducts an investigation into the so-called “class action”, recently introduced into the Italian leagl system and fraught with many uncertainties and ambiguities. In doing so, specific attention was paid to the content of individual provisions that have alternated over time (often determined by the need to solve the anomalies and contradictions of the law, unveiled from time to time) and to the possible inconsistencies between certain aspects of the rules laid down in article 140-bis of the Consumers’ Code, on one hand, and general principles of the legal order, on the other hand, also on the point of damages. The research examines, first of all, the issue of locus standi and the relationship between the consumer and the representative body to which he/she might eventually resort to, attempting to reconcile said relationship with the traditional categories of private law. Likewise, the study tries to appreciate the nature of the deed of subscription to the action made by the subject who deems himself as holding a right which is homogeneous to the one of the class, always according to the traditional concepts of civil law. Therefore, the study analyses the conditions of admissibility of the class action and the peculiar traits of the preliminary phase of the judgement on the admissibility of the action itself. Furthermore, the research investigates the nature and the possible content of the judgement which defines the “class trial”, thus leading, in the final chapter, to a discussion on the legal positions protected.
Gueli, Guido <1983>. "L'azione di classe." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6255/.
Full textThe research conducts an investigation into the so-called “class action”, recently introduced into the Italian leagl system and fraught with many uncertainties and ambiguities. In doing so, specific attention was paid to the content of individual provisions that have alternated over time (often determined by the need to solve the anomalies and contradictions of the law, unveiled from time to time) and to the possible inconsistencies between certain aspects of the rules laid down in article 140-bis of the Consumers’ Code, on one hand, and general principles of the legal order, on the other hand, also on the point of damages. The research examines, first of all, the issue of locus standi and the relationship between the consumer and the representative body to which he/she might eventually resort to, attempting to reconcile said relationship with the traditional categories of private law. Likewise, the study tries to appreciate the nature of the deed of subscription to the action made by the subject who deems himself as holding a right which is homogeneous to the one of the class, always according to the traditional concepts of civil law. Therefore, the study analyses the conditions of admissibility of the class action and the peculiar traits of the preliminary phase of the judgement on the admissibility of the action itself. Furthermore, the research investigates the nature and the possible content of the judgement which defines the “class trial”, thus leading, in the final chapter, to a discussion on the legal positions protected.
Bourassa, Nathalie. "Effet de la trophie et de la taille du substrat sur le spectre de taille des invertébrés benthiques en ruisseaux." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6533.
Full textFathallah, Samira. "Variabilités de la taille de portée des ovins." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/19545/1/FATHALLAH_Samira.pdf.
Full textMetay, Estelle. "Méthodologie d'accès à des benzolactones de taille moyenne." Paris 12, 2005. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002281830204611&vid=upec.
Full textMedium ring compounds are important in organic chemistry. They are contained in a large number of natural products. They are also intermediates in many synthetic applications. We have focused on the preparation of benzolactones. Lactones containing up to 6 members are easily prepared. Also, macrocyclic lactones larger than 12-membered rings can be efficiently obtained in high dilution reaction conditions. On the contrary, medium ring lactones, like other medium-size ring compounds, are reported to be the most difficult to prepare by cyclisation. Our purpose was to apply an efficient C,C bond forming electrochemical reaction, involving the nickel catalyzed arylation of activated olefins, to the formation of medium ring benzolactones. The first idea was to perform this reaction intramolecularily. In such a simple route, the activated olefin is first tethered to the aryl moiety before the electrochemical arylation of the C,C-double bond, thus leading to the expected fused benzolactone in only 2 steps. Unfortunately until now, this method is of low efficiency, as the main products in the electrochemical step come from reduction of the starting compound. As an alternative, we could first form the C,C-bond by a bimolecular process before closing the ring by lactonisation. This simple method to access rapidly to medium ring lactones using an electrochemical step is efficient. Benzolactones were obtained in good yield. To decrease the number of steps and notably avoid the protection/deprotection steps we found it quite convenient to first tethered the carboxylic group to the aromatic ring and then introduce an alkyl chain bearing the hydroxyl group precursor in the form of a carbonyl. Apart from reducing the number of steps, this enables access to chiral lactones. Other benzolactones have been prepared having notably a heteroaryl ring or a double bond in the lactone ring
Mahévas, Stéphanie. "Modeles markoviens de grande taille : calculs de bornes." Rennes 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN10220.
Full textMANIFICAT, GUILLAUME. "Mecanique statistique des systemes coulombiens de taille finie." Paris 11, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA112063.
Full textANNIC, CHRYSTELE. "Milieux granulairs modeles 2d : distribution de taille, segregation." Rennes 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN10031.
Full textMourot, Guillaume. "Effet de taille lié à l'endommagement des mortiers." Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13361.
Full textBen, Salah Ramzi. "Sur l'analyse temporisée de systèmes de grande taille." Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPG0107.
Full textThis thesis is part of the effort made to move the algorithmic formai verification of timed systems from the proof-of-concept phase to industrial usage. It introduces two important contributions. The first is a major improvement to the symbolic reachability algorithm for timed automata. The second is a compositional divide-and-conquer methodology. The essence of the technique is in introducing an auxiliary clocks, and then projecting the zones obtained from reachability computation on these clocks. Tow versions of this technique are presented, the first dealt with the special case of acyclic environments that generate a finite number of events within a bounded time. The second technique is aimed at more general situations where the environment may produce an infinite stream of events. That makes it possible to benefit from the modularity of complex systems to built their model hierarchically
Metay, Estelle Nedelec Jean-Yves. "Méthodologie d'accès à des benzolactones de taille moyenne." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2005. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0228183.pdf.
Full textBertaux, Pierre-Jean George Jean-Luc. "Dacryocystorhinostomie endonasale Evolution de la taille des stomies /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2009_BERTAUX_PIERRE_JEAN.pdf.
Full textLima, Luiz Cesar de. "Classe, cultura e experiência." Florianópolis, SC, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/91280.
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A proposta da pesquisa é indicar as conseqüências teóricas presentes nas concepções de classe, cultura e experiência em E. P. Thompson por meio de critérios ontológicos do objeto de estudo da Sociologia e do instrumental teórico do Realismo Crítico. Dessa forma, identificamos as possibilidades de um intercâmbio/diálogo entre as categorias de cultura e experiência no âmbito da Antropologia, da Sociologia e da História. Destacamos nesse processo a categoria cultura em relação #àquilo que não é cultura#, i.e., relacionando as condições materiais de existência com as perspectivas de transformação social fundadas na luta, consciência e experiência de classe. Para tanto, analisamos o desenvolvimento teórico de algumas proposições do culturalismo e sua inserção no debate sobre o ser social, bem como o conceito de cultura para Thompson. Abrimos assim a possibilidade do estudo científico do ser social, relacionando as implicações teóricas de sua obra com o modelo transformacional de sociedade delimitado pelo Realismo Crítico de Roy Bhaskar Para contextualizar os debates, sistematizamos as críticas de Thompson às tendências funcionalistas das Ciências Sociais e discutimos alguns críticos de sua obra. Como conclusão, apontamos as contribuições de Thompson ao amplo debate das Ciências Sociais no campo dos estudos sobre cultura e sociedade, sem perder de vista ou abandonar os referenciais marxistas de sua obra no intuito de afastá-lo da corrente culturalista pósmoderna a que é, por vezes, impropriamente vinculado. The aim of this research is to indicate the theoretical consequences within the categories of class, culture and experience in E. P. Thompson by relating them with the ontological criteria of sociology#s subject of study and the achievements of Critical Realism theory. Doing that we hope to help to identify the possibilities of an exchange/dialog between the categories of culture and experience within Anthropology, Sociology and History.
Selbach, Vanessa. "L'iconographie des Bibles illustrées au XVIIe siècle : l'illustration en taille-douce des Bibles catholiques parues à Paris et à Lyon : (1592-1700) /." Paris : École nationale des Chartes, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb370633782.
Full textLargeot, Céline. "Développement de supercondensateurs carbone/carbone : relation entre la taille des ions de l'électrolyte et la taille des pores de la matière active." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/529/.
Full textThe aim of this work is to study ion/porous carbon interactions in supercapacitor electrodes to improve their electrochemical performances. Titanium Carbide Derived Carbon (TiC-CDC) are microporous carbon with monodisperse porosity. They allowed us to finely study the interactions between electrolyte's ion size and active material pore size during the electrochemical double layer formation in two different kind of electrolyte (organic and ionic liquid). Unlike to traditional views, in order to maximise capacitance, carbon pore size must be close to electrolyte ions size. It was demonstrated that ions adsorbed on carbon's surface are at least partially desolvated. As carbon porosity is well adapted to electrolyte ions size, the capacity is improved of 40 % in acetonitrile and 60 % in ionic liquid. This corresponds respectively to an enhancement by two and by three of the energy of supercapacitors
Mohamad, Sawsan. "Effets de taille sur des membranes fluides d'étendue finie." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00658790.
Full textRavel, Sylvain. "Démixage d’images hyperspectrales en présence d’objets de petite taille." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ECDM0006/document.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the unmixing issue in hyperspectral images, especiallyin presence of small sized objects. Hyperspectral images contains an importantamount of both spectral and spatial information. Each pixel of the image canbe assimilated to the reflection spectra of the imaged scene. Due to sensors’ lowspatial resolution, the observed spectra are a mixture of the reflection spectraof the different materials present in the pixel. The unmixing issue consists inestimating those materials’ spectra, called endmembers, and their correspondingabundances in each pixel. Numerous unmixing methods have been proposed butthey fail when an endmembers is rare (that is to say an endmember present inonly a few of the pixels). We call rare pixels, pixels containing those endmembers.The presence of those rare endmembers can be seen as anomalies that we want todetect and unmix. In a first time, we present two detection methods to retrievethis anomalies. The first one use a thresholding criterion on the reconstructionerror from estimated dominant endmembers. The second one, is based on wavelettransform. Then we propose an unmixing method adapted when some endmembersare known a priori. This method is then used with the presented detectionmethod to propose an algorithm to unmix the rare pixels’ endmembers. Finally,we study the application of bootstrap resampling method to artificially upsamplerare pixels and propose unmixing methods in presence of small sized targets
Van, Lier Annika. "L'estimation de la taille chez les personnes âgées fragiles." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2004. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/3821.
Full textCastel, Philippe. "La biométrologie cutanée : étude de la taille des kératinocytes." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU32083.
Full textKalife, Aymeric. "Stratégies de portefeuilles pour un trader de grande taille." Paris 9, 2006. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2006PA090084.
Full textUsually partial equilibrium models used for pricing financial derivatives don’t explicitly take the trade size into account, although any price is implicitly based on the balance between supply and demand. This thesis precisely quantitatively and financially focuses on the impact of a trader likely to trade a large number of assets, illustrating a certain number of anomalies or paradox empirically observed in financial markets, and offers suitable hedging and arbitrage strategies. On the derivatives market, due to the imbalance of supply and demand, the large trader may be constrained to hedge synthetically, giving rise to feedback effects thus to the Portfolio Insurance strategy paradox. From a parsimonious and realistic model giving rise to consistent bid and offer market prices together with a volatility smile, we devise specific concrete strategic trades based on inventory holding costs and informational asymmetry
Delcourt, Olivier. "Effet de taille et bistabilité thermodynamique dans le cyanoadamantane." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10086.
Full textMonastra, Alejandro Gabriel. "Fluctuations quantiques dans les systèmes fermioniques de taille finie." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA112255.
Full textWe investigate the probability distribution of the quantum fluctuations of thermodynamic functions of finite, ballistic, phase-coherent Fermi gases. Depending on the chaotic or integrable nature of the underlying classical dynamics, on the thermodynamic function considered, and on temperature, we find that the probability distributions are dominated either (i) by the local fluctuations of the single-particle spectrum on the scale of the mean level spacing, or (ii) by the long-range modulations of that spectrum produced by the short periodic orbits. In case (i) the probability distributions are computed using the appropriate local universality class, uncorrelated levels for integrable systems and random matrix theory for chaotic ones. In case (ii) all the moments of the distributions can be explicitly computed in terms of periodic orbit theory, and are system-dependent, non-universal, functions. The dependence on temperature and number of particles of the fluctuations is explicitly computed in all cases, and the different relevant energy scales are displayed. .
Kim, Young-Cheol. "Simulation des caractéristiques neutroniques des RNR de grande taille." Grenoble INPG, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987INPG0099.
Full textMohamad, Sawsan. "Effets de taille sur des membranes fluides d’étendue finie." Thesis, Le Mans, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LEMA1013/document.
Full textLa technique de microscopie SEEC (Surface Enhanced Ellipsometric Contrast) permet l’observation directe de couches moléculaires. Notre objectif global est d’exploiter cette possibilité pour étudier la structure d’équilibre de domaines amphiphiles d’épaisseur nanométrique et d’étendue finie (quelques microns) déposés sur une surface solide. Ces domaines subissent une pression de Laplace importante, qui dépend de leur rayon R comme 1/R. Cette pression agit sur ces systèmes 2D comme une contrainte externe qu’on peut moduler en faisant varier la taille des domaines. La mesure de leur épaisseur en fonction de leur taille est donc une façon d’explorer les isothermes de ces systèmes, ce qui est le pendant pour des systèmes supportés des études effectuées au moyen d’une cuve de Langmuir sur les monocouches à la surface de l’eau. Idéalement, ces domaines se réduisent à une simple monoou bicouche. En pratique, ils adoptent souvent la forme de ziggourats constitués de plusieurs étages (gouttes terrassées). Le travail présenté dans cette thèse est une première étape dans la démarche évoquée ci-dessus. Il a permis de mettre en évidence pour la première fois les effets de la tension de Laplace sur la structure de domaines bicouches. L’étude est réalisée à l’aide de molécules amphiphiles de natures très différentes : 1) des copolymères à blocs symétriques, 2) des phospholipides. Elle exige la maîtrise du dépôt, de l’environnement et de l’évolution de nano-gouttes smectiques sur une surface, et le développement d’outils d’analyse adaptés. Elle implique principalement deux techniques : la Microscopie à Force Atomique (AFM) et la microscopie optique en contraste SEEC
Van, Lier Annika. "L'estimation de la taille chez les personnes âgées fragiles." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004.
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