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1
Araújo, Bárbara Dias, Renata Maia, Lucas Arantes-Garcia, Yumi Oki, Daniel Negreiros, Igor Rodrigues de Assis, and Geraldo Wilson Fernandes. "Aftershocks of the Samarco disaster: diminished growth and increased metal content of Raphanus sativus cultivated in soil with mining tailings." Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences 44 (May 13, 2022): e59175. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59175.
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The collapse of the Fundão tailings dam of the Samarco mining complex in Mariana, Brazil, was the largest mining disaster in the world to date with many socio-economic and environmental impacts. Soil affected by mining tailings was severely altered with negative impacts for agriculture. We tested whether diluting mining tailings with organic soil would eliminate or at least attenuate the ecotoxic effects on plant development and performance. We cultivated radish, Raphanus sativus, in substrates containing different proportions of mining tailings and organic soil: pure tailings (T100%); 2) tailings75% + soil25% (T75%); 3) tailings50% + soil50% (T50%); 4) tailings25% + soil75% (T25%), and 5) pure organic soil (Soil100%, control). There were large differences in soil quality parameters between the 100% tailings treatment (T100%) and the control (Soil100%), as well as for some parameters in the most diluted treatment - T25% (Ca2+, Fe, Mn) in relation to the control treatment. Although dilution of the tailings soil improved radish development, there was lower radish productivity (leaf area, total biomass, and root/tuber biomass) than for pure soil (control). There were also significantly higher amounts of bioaccumulated metals in radish tubers grown with tailings, even when grown in T25% for Fe content and in T75% for Mn content. These results present a worrisome scenario for human communities in the region of the Doce river, as human consumption of crops produced in soil contaminated with tailings is not recommended due to potential toxicological effects from high metal concentrations.
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Maulani, Qori, Melya Riniarti, Duryat Duryat, and Wahyu Hidayat. "APPLIKASI BIOCHAR BERBAHAN DASAR LIMBAH KAYU MERANTI (Shorea spp.) UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN MAHONI (Swietenia macrophylla) MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA TAILING EMAS MERANTI (Shorea spp.) BIOCHAR APPLICATION TO MAHONI (Swietenia macrophylla) GROWTH IN GOLD TAILING MEDIA." Gorontalo Journal of Forestry Research 7, no. 1 (April 2, 2024): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32662/gjfr.v7i1.3331.
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ABSTRACTTailings are the final result of mining industry activities. Tailings are in the form of sludge waste produced from mining gold, copper, silver and other minerals. Tailings can potentially damage the environment and be dangerous to human life and other creatures. One effort to restore land from tailings is bioremediation technology. Biochar is a soil amendment material that can be used for environmental remediation. Utilizing meranti wood waste as biochar can reduce waste and increase economic value. Mahogany is a type of plant that is known to have potential as a phytoremediation plant. The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of meranti wood biochar to improve the growth of mahogany planted in gold tailings media. This research was carried out for four months in a greenhouse. The research was designed using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with the treatment of gold tailings and meranti-based biochar in the growing media used. There were 12 treatments with four repetitions. The treatment given is (1) 0% tailings+0% Biochar; (2) 25% tailings+0% biochar; (3) 50% tailings +0% biochar; (4) 0% tailings+5% biochar; (5) 25% tailings + 5% biochar; (6) 50% tailings +5% biochar; (7) 0% tailings + 10% biochar; (8) 25% tailings + 10% biochar; (9) 50% tailings + 10% biochar; (10) 0% tailings + 15% biochar; (11) 25% tailings + 15% biochar; (12) 50% tailings + 15% biochar. The parameters observed were height increase, diameter increase, leaf area and root length. The research results showed that the application of biochar was able to improve the growth of mahogany planted in gold tailings media. Providing 10 and 15% biochar on media with gold tailings even resulted in better mahogany growth compared to those grown on media without tailings. This shows that meranti-based biochar has the ability to become a soil amendment for land contaminated with gold tailings.ABSTRAKTailing merupakan hasil akhir dari kegiatan industri pertambangan. Tailing berbentuk limbah lumpur yang dihasilkan dari pertambangan emas, tembaga, perak maupun mineral lainnya. Tailing dapat berpotensi merusak lingkungan dan berbahaya bagi kehidupan manusia dan makhluk lainnya. Salah satu upaya restorasi lahan dari tailing adalah dengan teknologi bioremediasi. Biochar adalah salah satu bahan pembenah tanah yang dapat digunakan untuk remediasi lingkungan. Pemanfaatan limbah kayu meranti sebagai biochar dapat mengurangi limbah dan meningkatkan nilai ekonomi. Mahoni termasuk tipe tanaman yang diketahui memiliki potensi sebagai tanaman fitoremediasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan efektifitas biochar kayu meranti untuk memperbaiki pertumbuhan mahoni yang ditanam pada media tailing emas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama empat bulan di rsumah kaca. Penelitian didesign dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan pemberian tailing emas dan biochar berbahan dasar meranti pada media tumbuh yang digunakan. Ada 12 perlakuan dengan ulangan sebanyak empat kali. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah (1) 0% tailing+0% Biochar; (2) 25% tailing+0% biochar; (3) 50% tailing +0% biochar; (4) 0% tailing+5% biochar; (5) 25% tailing + 5% biochar; (6) 50% tailing +5% biochar; (7) 0% tailing + 10% biochar; (8) 25% tailing + 10% biochar; (9) 50% tailing + 10% biochar; (10) 0% tailing + 15% biochar; (11) 25% tailing + 15% biochar; (12) 50% tailing + 15% biochar. Parameter yang diamati adalah pertambahan tinggi, pertambahan diameter, luas daun dan panjang akar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian biochar mampu memperbaiki pertumbuhan mahoni yang ditanam pada media tailing emas. Pemberian biochar 10 dan 15% pada media dengan tailing emas bahkan menghasilkan pertumbuhan mahoni yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan yang ditanam pada media tanpa tailing. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa biochar berbahan dasar meranti memiliki kemampuan untuk menjadi bahan pembenah tanah bagi lahan lahan tercemar tailing emas.
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Jiang, Qing Hua, and Chen Xiang Yu. "The Application of Vapour Equlibrium Technique in Water Retention Study of Fine Grained Tailings." Advanced Materials Research 838-841 (November 2013): 1785–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.1785.
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As a problematic material, fine grained tailings have many particular engineering characteristics and seriously affect the safety and stability of the tailing dam body. These engineering properties are closely related to moisture migration and soil suction under different water content. This article chose fine grained tailings of Li Tie Lan Ting tailings dam in Zhejiang province as an example, and measured the soil water characteristic curve (SWCC) of fine grained tailings with different partical size composition and dry density using vapour equilibrium technique. Efforts have also been made to demonstrate the influences of soil type, dry density on water retention. The study result shows that particle-size composition has a significant impact on SWCCs of the tailings. Finer grained samples have lower water loss rate and higher water-holding capacity than coarse grained samples in the same suction state. Contrary with low suction stage, dry density has negligible influence on the soil suction, and parameters effect SWCCs at high suction stage. The research results may provide a theoretical support and a beneficial reference for further research of fine grained tailingss engineering properties.
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Wang, Shengfu, Lechen Yan, Kaixi Xue, Liang Lv, Dongjie Zhang, and Dongwei Li. "Review of Research on Physical and Mechanical Properties and Engineering Application of Metal Tailings." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2148, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2148/1/012059.
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Abstract Processing and storage requirements for metal residues are becoming stricter to achieve the carbon neutralization target. The physical and mechanical properties of tailings affect the stability of tailing dams. Metal tailings can be used as secondary resources, and it is easy to pollute the environment under poorly managed conditions. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to reuse these deposits such as iron tailings, copper tailings, zinc tailings et al. This article discusses the current research on the mechanical properties of metal tailings and its engineering application. Based on previous research, it is pointed out that there still needs more attention on the mechanical properties of metal tailing sands, especially under different conditions like dry-wet, freeze-thaw, dynamic loads and large-scale application. In the future, research on the filling of metal tailings as roadbed and new building materials will be one of the directions to solve the problem of tailing pond accumulation.
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Du, Changbo, Xinqi Jiang, Laigui Wang, Fu Yi, and Ben Niu. "Development law and growth model of dynamic pore water pressure of tailings under different consolidation conditions." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (October 31, 2022): e0276887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276887.
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Tailings dams are in danger of liquefaction during earthquakes. The liquefaction process can be indirectly reflected by the evolution rule of the dynamic pore water pressure. To study the development law of dynamic pore water pressure of tailing sand under different consolidation conditions, the evolution equation of critical dynamic pore water pressure of tailings under isotropic and anisotropic consolidation conditions was derived based on the limit equilibrium theory. Moreover, the development law of dynamic pore water pressure was expounded theoretically. The dynamic triaxial tests of tailing silty sand and tailing silt under different dry densities, consolidation ratios, and confining pressures were performed. The dynamic pore water pressure ratio and vibration ratio curves of tailings under isotropic and anisotropic consolidation were analyzed, and a dynamic pore water pressure growth index model suitable for both isotropic and anisotropic consolidation was derived. The results showed that the critical dynamic pore water pressure was positively correlated with the confining pressure and average particle size of tailings under isotropic consolidation conditions. The tailings have a limit dynamic effective internal friction angle φdc under the anisotropic consolidation condition. The evolution law of critical dynamic pore water pressure can be judged according to the dynamic effective internal friction angle of tailing sand φd and φdc values. The consolidation ratio significantly affects the dynamic pore pressure growth curve while confining pressure and dry density do not. For different tailing materials, the dynamic pore water pressure ratio is positively correlated with tailing particles. The dynamic pore water pressure growth process of tailing silty sand and tailing silt can be divided into two stages: rapid and stable growths. The development law of two types of tailings can be described by the dynamic pore water pressure growth index model. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the seismic design of tailings dams in practical engineering.
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Prakosa, Rakhmad Aji. "PENGUJIAN PROPERTIES LIMBAH TAILING KERING PADAT UNTUK PEMANFAATAN MATERIAL STABILISASI TANGGUL." Prosiding Temu Profesi Tahunan PERHAPI 1, no. 1 (March 29, 2020): 633–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36986/ptptp.v1i1.105.
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ABSTRAK Hasil ekstraksi ore menjadi emas pada kegiatan pengolahan emas PT.Antam Tbk. - UBPE Pongkor, menghasilkan limbah hasil olahan berupa tailing yang dibuang ke TSF dalam bentuk slurry (20%solid) kemudian diendapkan di beberapa kompartemen tampungan sebelum masuk ke Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL). Tailing yang mengendap kemudian dikeruk dengan alat berat menuju area penimbusan akhir dengan kondisi Tailing 60% solid. Semakin banyak tailing yang dihasilkan, maka semakin banyak juga upaya yang harus dilakukan untuk menyediakan tampungan tailing. Secara visual, tailing kering berbentuk seperti pasir, yang saat dalam kondisi padat memiliki daya dukung yang sangat baik untuk menahan beban diatasnya. Hal tersebut dibuktikan adanya dump truck dengan beban puluhan ton melintas diatas tailing kering padat sebagai pijakan tumpuannya tanpa mengalami failure. Dari kasus tersebut tailing kering dapat memungkinkan untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai material konstruksi tanggul, mengingat kemampuan daya dukungnya yang cukup baik saat dalam kondisi kering padat. Sehingga perlu dilakukan pengujian properties material tailing meliputi nilai kepadatan maksimumnya (ɣd), berat jenis (BJ), nilai sudut geser dalam (ϕ), dan nilai kohesi (c).Pengujian properties material tailing dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel terganggu (disturb) pada tailing dalam kondisi kering (±75%solid). Kemudian membuat sample remoulded dari tailing kering dan diperoleh nilai kepadatan tanah maksimumnya. Dari nilai kepadatan maksimum tersebut, dilakukan pengujian geser langsung untuk mengetahui nilai sudut geser dalam dan nilai kohesinya. Selain itu juga dilakukan uji piknometer untuk menghitung densitas tailing. Dari hasil parameter pengujian tersebut, kemudian dibandingkan dengan parameter timbunan tanah merah yang biasa digunakan sebagai material konstruksi tanggul dam dengan tujuan mensubstitusi material tanah merah dengan tailing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepadatan maksimum tailing mencapai angka 1.65 gr/cm3, dengan kadar air optimum 15.2%, kohesi 10kPa, sudut geser internal 41o dan koefisien permeabilitas 2.19x10-4cm/dt. Jika dibandingkan dengan properties material tanah merah yang biasa digunakan, memiliki kepadatan maksimum sebesar 1.68gr/cm3, Kohesi 11.5kPa, Sudut geser internal 29o, dan koefisien permeabilitas sebesar 7.7 x 10-6cm/dt yang berarti nilai properties material tailing dan tanah relatif tidak berbeda jauh sehingga dapat dilakukan rekayasa engineering untuk memanfaatkan material tailing sebagai material konstruksi atau sebagai material stabilitas tanggul yang ada di area TSF. Kata Kunci : Tailing, pemanfaatan limbah, material konstruksi ABSTRACT Ore extraction into gold at the gold processing activities of PT.Antam Tbk. - UBPE Pongkor, produces processed waste in the form of tailings which is discharged into TSF in the form of slurry (20% solid) and then deposited in several storage compartments before entering the WastewaterTreatment Plant (IPAL). The deposited tailings are dredged with heavy equipment to the final landfill area with the condition of the tailings 60% solid. The more tailing produced, the more effort must be made to provide tailings storage. Visually, the dry tailings are shaped like sand, when it dense conditions has a very good capacity to distributing load. This case proof by the existence of dump trucks with tens of tons of load passing over the solid dry tailings as a foothold without failure. From these cases, dry tailings can be used as material for embankment construction, given their relatively good carrying capacity when in dense dry conditions. So that it is necessary to test the material properties of the tailings including its maximum density value (ɣd), specific gravity (BJ), deep shear angle value (ϕ), and cohesion value (c). Testing the material properties of tailings is done by taking disturbed samples of the tailings in dry conditions (±75% solid). Then make a remoulded sample from dry tailings and get the maximum soil density value. From the maximum density value, then direct shear testing is performed to determine the value of the deep shear angle and its cohesion value. A pycnometer test was also conducted to calculate the tailing density. From the results of the test parameters, then compared with the parameters of the red soil heap which is commonly used as a dam construction material with the aim of substituting red soil material with tailings. The results showed that the maximum density of tailings reached 1.65 gr / cm3, with an optimum moisture content of 15.2%, cohesion of 10kPa, internal shear angle of 41o and permeability coefficient of 2.19x10-4cm / s. When compared with the properties of the commonly used red soil material, it has a maximum density of 1.68gr / cm3, Cohesion of 11.5kPa, an internal shear angle of 29o, and a permeability coefficient of 7.7 x 10-6cm / second which means the value of the material properties of the tailings and the soil is relatively not differ greatly so that engineering design can be carried out to utilize tailings as construction material or as a dike stability material in the TSF area. Keywords : Tailing, Tailing Utilization, Construction Material
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Xie, Jian Bin, Wen Lian Liu, Lin Hua Shi, Guo Hai Zhang, and Jie Zhang. "Research on the Dynamic Deformation Characteristics of Tailings Silt in Zhuziqing Tailings Dam." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 459–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.459.
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In this paper, it has been studied that types and mechanical properties of tailings silt in Zhuziqing tailings dam based on the Zhuziqing tailings’ deposition characteristics, particles size distribution test, physical and mechanical properties test. Then it has been studied subsequently by the dynamic triaxial test, wave velocity test and standard penetration test for tailings silt that the dynamic characteristics, dynamic strength and vibration liquefaction of the tailing silt. Results show that the tailings silt in tailings pond is graded well. Under the condition of isotropic or anisotropic consolidation, dynamic shear modulus of tailings silt increase as the dynamic shear strain decreasing and increase as the increase of confining pressure or consolidation ratio. But the variation law on damping ratio of tailings silt is just opposite to that of dynamic shear modulus. Results also show that there is more liquefied possibility over the seventh sub-dam in the tailings dam, and the liquefied possibility position locates at the place from new sub-dam to deposited beach in tailing pond.
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Gao, Shan, Xiaowei Cui, and Sumei Zhang. "Utilization of Molybdenum Tailings in Concrete Manufacturing: A Review." Applied Sciences 10, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10010138.
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Dealing with mineral tailings is one of the most important topics for solving the environmental problems in the mining industry. Among the techniques converting stacked molybdenum tailings to reusable cleaner products, one of the most effective ones is to use molybdenum tailings in concrete productions. The physical properties including density, microscopic structure and finesse module, and chemical composition of molybdenum tailings are similar with those of natural sand. The radionuclide assessment of molybdenum tailing meets the requirements for using as structural materials. Therefore, Molybdenum tailing is suitable to be used as the replacement of cement and fine aggregates in mortar and concrete. Based on the results of strength and duration performance comparison, the usage of molybdenum tailing as a replacement of natural sand is a more feasible way than that of ground super-fine molybdenum tailings in cement binder. It is feasible to use molybdenum tailings as fine aggregate in the preparation of structural concrete. When the amount of ground super-fine molybdenum tailings replacing cement is less than 10%, it is beneficial to improve the freeze-thaw and carbonization resistance of the concrete.
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Liu, Hongbo, Kun Liu, Zhu Lan, and Dashuang Zhang. "Mechanical and Electrical Characteristics of Graphite Tailing Concrete." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2018 (August 14, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9297628.
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The graphite tailing causes serious environmental pollution, and the pollution problem becomes worse and worse with the increase in graphite demands. This paper focuses on the graphite tailing concrete, which can alleviate the environment problem through utilizing graphite tailings. With the orthogonal experimental design, 16 groups of specimens were designed to investigate the compressive strength of the graphite tailing concrete, and each group had 6 specimens. The significance sequence of the influencing factors for the compressive strength was studied, including the ratio of water to cement, sand ratio, graphite tailings content, and carbon fiber content. The optimal contents of graphite tailings and carbon fiber were obtained from the further experimental study on the electrical characteristics of the graphite tailing concrete, and a regression analysis was conducted to develop the predictive mixture design relationships for the electrical resistivity of the conductive graphite tailing concrete. The experimental results show that the conductive concrete mixture containing graphite tailings and carbon fiber has satisfactory mechanical strength along with well electrical conductivity. With the increase in graphite tailings content, the compressive strength decreases slowly, but the electrical resistivity decreases much more obviously. Predictions with the proposed relationship are in reasonable agreement with experimental results. This study provides references for the graphite tailing utilization alleviating the environment problems.
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Chang, Mengchao, Weimin Qin, Hao Wang, Haibin Wang, Chengtang Wang, and Xiuli Zhang. "Study on the Evolution of a Flooded Tailings Pond and Its Post-Failure Effects." Water 15, no. 1 (December 31, 2022): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15010173.
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In order to avoid the risk of tailing pond failures and to minimize the post-failure losses, it is necessary to analyze the current operation status of tailings ponds, to explore the evolution law of their failure process, to grasp their post-failure impact range, and to propose corresponding effective prevention and control measures. Based on a tailings pond in China, this paper establishes a 1:200 scale indoor model to explore the evolution law of post-failure tailings discharge in a tailings pond under flooded roof conditions; secondly, the finite element difference method and smooth particle fluid dynamics are combined to compare and analyze the post-failure impact area and to delineate the risk prevention and control area. The results of the study show that, during the dam break, the lower tailing sand in the breach is the first to slip, and after forming a steep can, the upper tailing sand in the steep can is pulled to slip, so that the erosion trench mainly develops vertically first, and then laterally. The velocity of the discharged tailing sand will quickly reach its peak value in a short period of time and then decrease to the creeping stage; the front edge of the sand flow is the first to stop moving, and the trailing edge of the tailing sand accumulation depth continues to increase until the end of the dam failure, at which point the initial bottom dam area of the discharge tailing sand flow velocity is the largest. The further the tailings are released from the initial dam, the smaller the accumulation depth and the larger the particle size, and the larger the elevation of the foundation in the same section, the smaller the accumulation depth and the larger the particle size; further, the presence of blocking materials will increase the local tailings accumulation depth. Based on the maximum flow velocity of the discharged tailings and the accumulation depth, the risk area downstream of the tailings pond is divided, so that relocation measures can be formulated. The test results can provide an important reference for the operation and management of similar tailings ponds.
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Liu, Yuxi, Zhixiang Liu, Keming Li, Sijia Deng, and Longjun Dong. "A Cleaner Mining Method for Waste Tailings as Paste Materials to Goafs." Geofluids 2020 (October 22, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8857290.
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Underground mining is the primary method to obtain economically valuable minerals, but it usually brings a large number of goafs (mined-out voids) and large quantities of waste tailings. The gradual accumulation of mine tailings has attracted worldwide attention because of its occupation and acidification of land, and a large number of goafs often lead to stope instability and ground subsidence. To solve the waste tailing accumulation and ground subsidence, a cleaner mining method—cemented tailing backfilling (CTB)—for filling mining goafs by tailings was proposed. Firstly, the volume of the goafs was detected, and the hydraulic-mechanical coupling properties of the original tailings were tested. Then, a reasonable mix proportion of tailings, binder, and water was determined based on laboratory experiments. Finally, the filling pipe network and filling system were designed according to the actual situation of the mine. This paper provides an environmental and economic method for treating tailing accumulation and preventing ground subsidence. At the same time, it was demonstrated in Linglong Gold Mine (LLGM), and a plan which allows 15.8 service years of nondischarge of tailings was designed in LLGM.
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Leiva, Eduardo, María Cayazzo, and Mario Torres. "Real-Time Electrical Conductivity Monitoring and Correlation with Sulfate Release and Acid Mine Drainage Potential from a Gold/Silver Paste Tailing Storage." Minerals 11, no. 12 (December 18, 2021): 1436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11121436.
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Safe disposal of tailings as high-density thickened tailings or paste tailings can reduce the environmental risks of conventional tailings deposits, reduce water use, minimize tailings storage facility footprints, reduce the potential for acid mine drainage (AMD), and minimize risks of failure, among other advantages. In the dewatering process, the addition of flocculants is key to improving the sedimentation of the tailings and the formation of a compact paste. Despite the environmental and operational advantages of using paste tailings, it is not clear how the chemical nature of coagulants and flocculants could influence the discharge of toxic elements (salts and metals) from tailings after storage. In this study, we show the results of the real-time evaluation of the release of polluting runoffs from a paste tailings deposit. To do this, we analyzed paste tailing samples for AMD potential through static and kinetic tests and monitored the electrical conductivity and real-time pH, evaluating the correlation with the sulfate in the thickener and downstream from the tailings deposit. Tailing samples have low sulfur content (<2%) and low acid-generating potential. Moreover, there is no evidence of a significant positive correlation (Pearson’s coefficient r < 0.8) between the sulfate concentrations with the pH or EC. Thus, the chemical nature of the paste tailings prior to discharge has no direct impact on the release of sulfate-rich runoffs from the tailings after its storage. This indicates that the tailings paste at the evaluated site is chemically stable in the short term.
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Li, Yu Feng, Xiao Yu Wang, Jing Ling Bao, and Jin Rui Zhang. "Connotation of Iron Ore Tailings Comprehensive Utilization." Applied Mechanics and Materials 733 (February 2015): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.733.13.
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This paper concludes what the comprehensive utilization of iron ore tailings is through analysis, and in order to develop and use the iron ore tailings, comprehensive utilization of iron ore tailings shall be the precondition of the iron ore tailing integrated utilization; comprehensive utilization means efficient, clean, and sustainable utilization; which can guiding the development and use of iron ore tailings.
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Irianto, Irianto, Didik S. S. Mabui, R. Rochmawati, Ardi A. Sila, A. Yunianta, and A. Rasyid. "Kajian Potensi Pemanfatan Limbah Tailing PT. Freeport Sebagai Bahan Stabilisasi Tanah Untuk Perkerasan Jalan." BAKTI : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 1, no. 2 (December 24, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.51135/baktivol1iss2pp1-9.
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Problems that often occur in road infrastructure, especially in the Papua region, are wavy, cracked and subsidence of the land. Damage to buildings in the form of cracks in walls and floors and building subsidence is sometimes caused by poor physicalzand mechanicalzcharacteristicszof thezsoil. Soil stabilization on the subgrade of a construction is a method used to improve the properties of the subgrade. Tailing waste utilization of PT. Freeport will greatly assist the government's program in overcoming environmental pollution as well as as a soil stabilization material for road construction. The purposezof thiszstudyzwas tozdetermine whetherzthe land in the Musamus University, Merauke area is suitable for stabilization using tailing PT. Freeport and to determine the optimum value of tailings used as a stabilizing agent to reduce the value of the original soil Plasticity Index. The original soil plasticity index value is 28.96%, the soil plasticity index value at 5% tailings content is 17.2395%, at 10% tailings grade is 10.1402%, at 15% tailings grade is 5.4228%, at 10% tailings grade. 20% tailings by 6.8704%. So that the soil is suitable to be stabilized using tailings and the optimum level of tailings used is at a level of 15%.
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Wang, Bing, Xu Yin Yuan, Xue Qiang Zhao, Shou Quan Wang, and Hai Long Chen. "Uptake of Trace Metals by Imperata Cylindrical in Pot Experiments with Mafic Tailings and its Significance for Phytoremediation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 737 (March 2015): 627–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.737.627.
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Mafic tailing is one of the common tailings in China which appears around metal-bearing mines with ultrabasic and basic rocks. These tailings are enriched in Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn and Zn comparing with other tailings.Phytoremediation is a method which can remove or reduce trace metals by plant uptake in tailing yard. This paper studies the concentration changes of Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn and Zn in mafic tailings of experiment pots and bioaccumulation during Imperata Cylindrical growth. The results indicate that serpentine-type tailings are more suitable for the growth of plants due to their completely weathering and higher organic matter than other tailings. The concentration of Ni is higher than other metals in Imperata Cylindrical and Ni in root is more easily transfer to leaf. The acid-soluble form percentages of Ni, Zn, Cu and Cr decrease after experiments which show these metals in tailings are absorbed by Imperata Cylindrical. But reducible-Mn significantly decreased after pot experiments. Based on experimental results, all metals studied in rhizosphere-influenced tailings are more stable than bulk tailings which indicate that the ecological risks of trace metalsdecrease after the phytoremediation of Imperata Cylindrical.
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Yu, Zikang, Lihua Bai, Mingjing Yang, Jing yuan, and Jianheng Sun. "Experimental Study on the Mix Proportion Optimization of Full Tailings Concrete." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2706, no. 1 (February 1, 2024): 012046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2706/1/012046.
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Abstract Full iron tailings concrete can effectively use iron tailings as the raw materials of concrete. This paper used iron tailings powder, iron tailings sand and iron tailing gravel to replace fly ash, river sand, and ordinary gravel as concrete admixtures, fine and coarse aggregates, respectively. The orthogonal experimental method was used to optimize the mix proportion of C40 strength grade full iron tailings concrete. Research results showed that the optimal mix proportions of C40 strength grade full iron tailings concrete was water cement ratio 0.34, sand ratio 39%, and water reducing agent 0.4%.
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Schnaid, Fernando, Helena P. Nierwinski, Jucélia Bedin, and Edgar Odebrecht. "On the Characterization and Classification of Bauxite Tailings." Soils and Rocks 37, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.28927/sr.373277.
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Large-scale mining operations generate vast quantities of tailings that are deposited in hydraulic-fill tailing dams in the form of slurries. Stability of these impoundments require investigation of water table configuration, aquifer boundaries, site characterization and determination of short and long term properties of tailings. These aspects are evaluated in this paper from a comprehensive site investigation that comprises both laboratory and field tests from a bauxite tailing deposit in northern Brazil. The purpose is to enhance the understanding on the mechanical properties of bauxite tailings in order to select or develop appropriate constitutive models for predicting the behavior of tailings impoundments. Attention is given to the characterization and classification of silt tailings from the combination of measurements from independent tests expressed on the basis of the ratio of the elastic stiffness to penetration tip resistance.
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Zou, Yi, Qi Liu, and Weijun Liu. "Study on the Relation between Tailing Particle Size and Tailing Slurry Underflow Concentration." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (January 17, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5449032.
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In order to study the effect of the physical properties of tailings on the concentration of tailing slurry underflow, the median particle size, control particle size, and density of the tailings of 9 typical mines were measured. Besides, static settlement test and dynamic thickening test of the tailing slurry of these 9 mines were separately conducted. The test results show that the underflow concentration of the tailing slurry is unrelated to the tailing density but is related to the tailing particle size. The finer the tailing particle size, the lower the underflow concentration. Through the nondimensional regression analysis, 3 relation equations were obtained: number 1 relation equation between the median particle size of tailings and the underflow concentration in the static settlement test, number 2 relation equation between the control particle size of tailings and the change in concentration in the static settlement test, number 3 relation equation between the underflow concentration in the static settlement test and the underflow concentration in the dynamic thickening test under different overflow water solid content conditions. Comparing the calculation results with the test results, it is found that the relative error between the predicted value and the test value does not exceed 6.1%, which has proved that the relation equations derived are convenient and feasible. The underflow concentration of the deep cone thickener can be predicted by merely measuring the particle size of the tailings, which means that the relation equations are highly recommended for wider use and application.
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Huang, Xing Xing, Hong Bing Ji, Cai Li, Fei Qin, Qian Li, and Yong Li Liang. "A Comparative Study on the Pollution and Speciation Characteristics of Heavy Metals between the Gold and Iron Mine Tailings of the Upstream Area of Miyun Reservoir, Beijing." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 1412–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.1412.
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In order to have a comparative investigation of the pollution and speciation characteristics of heavy metals between the gold and iron mine tailings of the upstream areas of Miyun Reservoir, the tailing samples from the typical gold and iron mines were analyzed. The total metal concentration is determined by acid digestion and the chemical fractionation of metal by the Tessier sequential extraction method. It is found that compared to background values of Beijing, the heavy metal in both gold and iron mine tailings is higher, while the heavy metal in gold mine tailings is higher than that of iron mine tailings, with Mn as an exception. Mercury is the most serious pollution element in gold mine tailings. Results of the sequential extraction suggest that the exchangeable of Cd exhibits the highest percentage of total metal in gold and iron mine tailings（15% and 6.5% of the total metal, respectively) among Cd, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr. In the majority of iron mine tailing samples collected, large amounts of Cu were mainly associated with the organic form. The percentage of the bioavailable metals in both gold and iron mine tailing samples follows the order: Cd>Mn>Zn>Cu>Pb>Cr.
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Du, Changbo, Ben Niu, Fu Yi, Xinqi Jiang, and Lidong Liang. "Impact of inundation range of overtopping dam break of tailings pond under actual terrain conditions." PLOS ONE 18, no. 12 (December 6, 2023): e0295056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295056.
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Tailing ponds are a major hazard source with the risk of dam breaks. To predict the impact of tailings pond dam breaks more accurately, one needs to quantitatively understand the dam-breaking process of the tailings reservoir and its downstream impact. This study is based on an old tailings pond that is about to be put out of service and the proposed new tailings pond next to it. Study the inundation range of the new and old tailing ponds with simultaneous overtopping dam breaks under actual terrain conditions. First, fine-grained tailings and expanded perlite were selected as the model sand materials, and the appropriate model sand ratio was determined through laboratory tests. Second, the two tailings ponds were tested (at a scale of 1:200), for flood overtopping and simultaneous dam breaks. The dam break, flow, section morphology evolution, submerged elevation, and range were analyzed. Finally, a numerical model was developed using MIKE 21 to simulate the simultaneous overtopping and collapse of the new and old tailings ponds, and the impact of rainfall intensity on the inundation range of the simultaneous overtopping of the dam was analyzed. The research results will guide disaster prevention and mitigation in tailings reservoirs.
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Xie, Jincheng, Dengpan Qiao, Runsheng Han, and Jun Wang. "Tailings Settlement Velocity Identification Based on Unsupervised Learning." Metals 11, no. 12 (November 26, 2021): 1903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11121903.
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In order to reasonably and accurately acquire the settlement interface and velocity of tailings, an identification model of tailing settlement velocity, based on gray images of the settlement process and unsupervised learning, is constructed. Unsupervised learning is used to classify stabilized tailing mortar, and the gray value range of overflow water is determined. Through the identification of overflow water in the settlement process, the interface can be determined, and the settlement velocity of tailings can be calculated. Taking the tailings from a copper mine as an example, the identification of tailings settling velocity was determined. The results show that the identification model of tailing settlement speed based on unsupervised learning can identify the settlement interface, which cannot be manually determined in the initial stage of settlement, effectively avoiding the subjectivity and randomness of manual identification, and provide a more scientific and accurate judgment. For interfaces that can be manually recognized, the model has high recognition accuracy, has a rapid and efficient recognition process, and the relative error can be controlled within 3%. It can be used as a new technology for measuring the settling velocity of tailings.
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Liu, Di, Caiwu Lu, Minjie Lian, Qinghua Gu, and Ying Jing. "Experimental Study on Capillary Water Migration Characteristics of Tailings with Different Particle Sizes." Geofluids 2022 (May 11, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5187800.
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Capillarity influences the long-term stability of the dam greatly and affects the sustainable development of tailings dam. The online monitoring capillary water rise test system was independently developed by SM3001B temperature and humidity sensor, SU9101B RS485 converter, SV3010 data acquisition system, and other equipment to carry out the whole process test of water absorption and water release of tailings with different particle sizes. The results show that the capillary rising trend of tailings with different particle sizes is basically consistent, the relationship between the rising height and the diameter are negatively correlated, and the logarithm function can better fit the height of capillary rising over time well enough. The water content of tailing capillary zone decreases with the height, and the smaller the size of tailings, the greater the change of water content. The water release process of tailings is an unsaturated permeability process, which largely depends on the saturation before water release. The larger the particle size of tailings is, the smaller the water content after water release. Based on the above results, the relationship between capillary diameter and tailings particle size was discussed, and the relationship formula between water content change and particle size was deduced. The research results systematically show the water migration law under the tailing capillaries. It is suggested that the unsaturated tailings water content index should be added in the monitoring of the saturated surface of tailings dam.
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Li, Yuan, Yan Fei Cao, Xiu Jun Chang, and Ya Jing Zhang. "The Analysis of Stability of Mine's Tailing Dam Based on the FLAC3D." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 650–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.650.
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Tailings dam is an important part of engineering construction of tailings pond. Stability analysis of tailing dam is of great significance, because it is the significant security risk of the project of tailings. FLAC3D program which based on Lagrange algorithm is especially suitable for solving the nonlinear large deformation problems in rock and soil mechanics engineering. After the adequate mastery of the soil layer structure, the physical and mechanical properties and the determination of the calculation parameters, the engineering software of FLAC3D and the numerical analysis method are utilized to analyze the integral stability of the tailing dam of Guangxi Xinfa Aluminum Company in Jingxi county. It can provide a scientific basis for the stability analysis of engineering construction of another tailing pond.
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Sun, Guang Hua, and Xin Lv. "Study of Utilizing of Massive Iron Tailings Resource." Advanced Materials Research 156-157 (October 2010): 824–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.156-157.824.
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The iron tailings are the main source of solid waste of mining, as well as the potential resource. Regarding the characteristic and scale of iron tailings in China, this paper discusses the current situation and urgency of developing and utilizing of massive mining tailings, and the progresses of related researches on metal recovery, tailings processing and mutual utilization between tailings and mine-out stope. This paper also presents that using the tailing back-fill the mine-out stope currently is the best approach for massive resource utilization, based on sufficient metal elements recovery. This approach addresses the conflict of lands occupation due to the surface waste stacks, and gives the developing orientation of massive tailings resource utilization.
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Amalia, Amalia, and Muhtarom Riyadi. "Kualitas Beton SCC dengan Substitusi Agregat Halus Tailing Tambang Emas Daerah Pongkor." MEDIA KOMUNIKASI TEKNIK SIPIL 25, no. 1 (August 10, 2019): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/mkts.v25i1.18500.
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This paper presents the results of self compacting concrete (SCC) with water cement ratio 0.30 with four variations of tailings, ie 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%. Superplastisizer used is a type Naptha 511P of PT.Karya Naptha Belide. The results showed that (1) The use of tailings as fine aggregate in concrete SCC, has good workability. The fresh concrete that uses tailings, passing ability and filling ability is decrease. The use of tailings up to 15% of eligible properties filling ability and passing ability of SCC, (2) The more tailings used in SCC, setting time of concrete becomes longer, (3) Concrete with tailings as fine aggregate have unit weight is smaller than the concrete with fine aggregate sand, (4) Concrete with tailings has higher compressive strength and modulus of elasticity than concrete without tailings, (5)The use of tailings in concrete can lower tensile strength of concrete, (6)The optimum replacement of tailing found to be 10% in the concrete.
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Li, Gang, Ying Jie Chen, and Hao Di. "The Study on Used Properties of Mine Tailings Sand." Advanced Materials Research 859 (December 2013): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.859.87.
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Nowadays,there are a large number of mining tailings in China,ore tailings not only pollute the environment,but also consume plenty of land resources,even threat the safety of people's life.In this article ,researches have been done to gradation of grain of tailings in QinHuangdao by the test,and compressive strength and loss on ignition with different volume of tailing concrete.
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SETYANINGSIH, LULUK, ARUM SEKAR WULANDARI, and HAMIM HAMIM. "Growth of typha grass (Typha angustifolia) on gold-mine tailings with application of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 19, no. 2 (March 1, 2018): 454–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190218.
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Setyaningsih L, Wulandari AS, Hamim H. 2018. Growth of typha grass (Typha angustifolia) on gold-mine tailings with application of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi. Biodiversitas 19: 454-459. Gold mine tailings contain extreme physical and chemical properties, which inhibit plant growth due to lower nutrition and higher heavy metal contaminants. Typha (Typha angustifolia) is type of grass growing well on waterlogged area including tailing dam. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in combination with compost and soil on the typha growth in gold mine tailings. The study was conducted in greenhouse by inoculating two AMF isolates (Glomus etunicatum and G. manihotis) to typha seedlings grown in pure tailing media, mixed tailing-compost media, and mixed tailing-compost-soil media. The compatibility and growth of typha grass were analysed after 1 month. Results showed that G. etunicatum and G. manihotis application significantly increased AMF colonization of typha roots up to 16.6% and 21.8% respectively. The length, number of leaves and biomass of typha also increased up to 90%, 50% and 97% respectively compared to those without AMF inoculation. G. etunicatum contributed the best growth of typha grown in mixed compost-soil-tailings, resulting in double increase of its length and biomass. The application of G. manihotis did not significantly increase the growth of typha in mixed media; however, under pure tailing, this mycorrhiza had the best induction for typha biomass and leaf number. In general, AMF application increased growth of typha grass in tailings media.
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Zhong, Wen, Qi Shuai, Peng Zeng, Zhongqun Guo, Kaijian Hu, Xiaojun Wang, Fangjin Zeng, et al. "Effect of Ecologically Restored Vegetation Roots on the Stability of Shallow Aggregates in Ionic Rare Earth Tailings Piles." Agronomy 13, no. 4 (March 28, 2023): 993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13040993.
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Aggregate stability is considered an essential indicator of changes in the physical properties of soils, and vegetation roots play a crucial role in the stability of shallow soil aggregates in ionic rare earth tailings piles during ecological remediation. In this paper, the influence of the law of ecologically restored vegetation roots on the stability of shallow aggregates of ionic rare earth tailing piles was investigated by means of field investigation tests, indoor experiments and mathematical statistics. The influence of different types of root systems on the stability of the shallow depth range aggregates of tailings piles was investigated; the correlation between vegetation root systems and the main physical parameters of rare earth tailings was clarified; and a mathematical correlation model characterizing the characteristic parameters of vegetation root systems was constructed. The evaluation index of the stability of rare earth tailings piles was constructed, and the influence of the law of the ecological restoration of vegetation root systems on the strength of shallow aggregates of ionic rare earth tailings piles was revealed. The results of the study showed that compared with the RD (root density), the root characteristic parameter with the largest response weight to the rare earth tailings pile is the RL (root length density), and the root characteristic parameter with the largest response weight to the water content is the RV (root volume). Suitable vegetation roots can effectively enhance the content of shallow large aggregates of rare ionic earth tailing piles. With the increase of the depth of a tailing pile, the content of large aggregates continues to decrease, and the content of micro aggregates continues increasing. This indicates that the vegetation root system changed the shallow soil of the rare earth tailing pile from disorderly to orderly through its own growth pattern, which effectively improved the stability of the shallow aggregates of the tailing pile and improved the physical properties of the tailing.
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You, Mu, Yunhu Hu, Chuncai Zhou, and Guijian Liu. "Speciation Characterization and Environmental Stability of Arsenic in Arsenic-Containing Copper Slag Tailing." Molecules 29, no. 7 (March 27, 2024): 1502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29071502.
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The increasing presence of arsenic-containing impurities within Cu ores can adversely affect the smelting process and aggravate the environmental impact of slag tailing. This study investigates the geochemical, mineralogical, and chemical speciation characteristics to better understand the association and environmental stability of metal(loid)s in copper slag tailing. The results indicate that the predominant chemical compositions of the selected slag tailing are Fe2O3 (54.8%) and SiO2 (28.1%). These tailings exhibit potential for multi-elemental contamination due to elevated concentrations of environmentally sensitive elements. Mineral phases identified within the slag tailings include silicate (fayalite), oxides (magnetite and hematite), and sulfides (galena, sphalerite, arsenopyrite, and chalcopyrite). The consistent presence of silicate, iron, arsenic, and oxygen in the elemental distribution suggests the existence of arsenic within silicate minerals in the form of Si-Fe-As-O phases. Additionally, arsenic shows association with sulfide minerals and oxides. The percentages of arsenite (As(III)) and arsenate (As(V)) within the selected slag tailings are 59.4% and 40.6%, respectively. While the slag tailings are deemed non-hazardous due to the minimal amounts of toxic elements in leachates, proper disposal measures should be taken due to the elevated carbonate-bound levels of As and Cu present in these tailings.
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Jeong, Yongsik, Jaehyung Yu, Lei Wang, and Ji Shin. "Spectral Responses of As and Pb Contamination in Tailings of a Hydrothermal Ore Deposit: A Case Study of Samgwang Mine, South Korea." Remote Sensing 10, no. 11 (November 19, 2018): 1830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10111830.
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We analyzed chemical composition, mineralogy, and spectral characteristics of the tailings of a hydrothermal gold mine in South Korea. We measured spectral responses of tailings to arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) concentration and developed and validated a prediction model for As and Pb in the tailings. The tailing was heavily contaminated with heavy metal elements and composed of rock forming minerals, gangue minerals and hydrothermal alteration minerals. The spectral features of the tailing were closely related to hydrothermal alteration minerals. The spectral responses associated with As and Pb concentrations were detected in shortwave infrared (SWIR) region at absorption positions of the hydrothermal alteration minerals. The prediction models were constructed using spectral bands of absorption features of the hydrothermal alteration minerals and were statistically significant. We found distinctive differences in spectral characteristics and spectral response to heavy metal contamination between the tailings and soils in the mining area. While the spectral signals to heavy metal concentration of tailings were associated with the hydrothermal alteration minerals, those of soils in mining area were manifested by clay minerals originated from weathering processes. This infers that geological processes associated with formation of soils and tailings are the major controlling factors of spectral responses to heavy metal contamination. This study provides a rare reference for the estimation of As and Pb concentration in the tailings with similar types of ore deposit and host rock.
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Kiventerä, Jenni, Juho Yliniemi, Lukasz Golek, Jan Deja, Victor Ferreira, and Mirja Illikainen. "Utilization of sulphidic mine tailings in alkali-activated materials." MATEC Web of Conferences 274 (2019): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927401001.
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Disposal of mine tailings is one of the most important environmental issues during the mining lifetime. Especially sulphidic tailings can cause environmental and ecological risks because of their tendency to oxidize in the presence of water or air. Because of small particle size and harmful chemical properties, utilization possibilities of sulphidic mine tailings are limited. The aim of the present study was to develop technologies to utilize sulphidic mine tailings in alkali activated materials. Alkali-activated materials also known as geopolymers are nanosized zeolite type or slightly amorphous materials comparable to traditional Portland cement concrete, which can physically encapsulate or chemically stabilize the hazardous elements such as heavy metals into the 3D structure. Mine tailing based geopolymer aggregates were successfully produced from sulphidic mine tailings with good physical properties. The geopolymer aggregates performed as a concrete aggregate comparable to commercial lightweight aggregates. In addition, geopolymer mortars were prepared from mine tailings. In mortar application, there is a need to add some co-binder such as blast furnace slag in order to achieve high strength for the material. The mine tailing based geopolymer structure has an ability to stabilize a large number of cationic species into the structure while some anionic species were not able to immobilize by alkaline activation.
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Chen, Liwei, Jun Wu, Jian Lu, Chulin Xia, Michael A. Urynowicz, Zaixing Huang, Li Gao, and Mingying Ma. "Speciation, Fate and Transport, and Ecological Risks of Cu, Pb, and Zn in Tailings from Huogeqi Copper Mine, Inner Mongolia, China." Journal of Chemistry 2018 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2340542.
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Tailings collected from the tailing reservoir at Huogeqi Copper Mine, located in Inner Mongolia, China, were used in a leachate study to evaluate the acid potential, neutralization potential, and possibility for producing acid mine drainage (AMD) from the site. The speciation of Cu, Pb, and Zn contained in the tailings was also determined during the leachate study to further access the potential migration abilities of these metals. The results showed that the tailings did not produce significant AMD as the pH of the leachate ranged from 7 to 9 and decreased with time. The Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations were high, ranging from 439.1 to 4527 mg/kg in the tailings and from 0.162 to 7.964 mg/L in the leachate, respectively. Concentrations of metals in the leachate and tailings were positively correlated. Over 60% of the Cu in the tailing samples existed in an oxidizable form. Most of the Pb also existed in its oxidized form, as did the silicate and Zn. Metals usually have higher mobility in their exchangeable and oxidizable forms and as such represent a higher potential risk to the environment. Results of risk assessment code also revealed that metals in tailings exerted medium to high risks to the environment.
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Qian, Shanguang, and Kepeng Hou. "Uncertainty Analysis of Key Influencing Factors on Stability of Tailings Dam Body." Journal of Sensors 2023 (April 20, 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/7521356.
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With the continuous expansion of the mining scale of mineral resources, many tailings are produced. In order to avoid the impact of harmful substances in the tailings on the residents around the tailings pond, it is necessary to explain the stability improvement. The dam safety monitoring system is mainly composed of observation sensors, telemetry data acquisition module, industrial control network, and automatic monitoring system. Through the work of the computer, the dam observation data can be automatically collected, processed, analyzed, and calculated. This paper adopts the automated system that makes preliminary judgments and graded alarms on whether the dam’s behavior is normal or not to provide early safety warning reports for monitoring objects. In this paper, combined with a specific example of a tailings reservoir dam body, the comprehensive uncertainty method is used to analyze factors such as the height of the tailings dam, the height of the wetting line, the cohesion of the tailings soil layer, and the internal friction angle, and the stability of the dam body is calculated. The results show that the sensitivity order of the dam stability safety factor K to each factor is as follows: internal friction angle of the tailing silt layer > the height of the wetting line > dam body height > the cohesion of the tailing silt layer. The most dangerous slip surface will jump at the 19-level subdam of the tailings pond. The remediation measures are of great significance for maintaining the ecology around the tailings pond and ensuring the personal safety of residents.
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Mao, Song, and Qin Zhang. "Mineralogical Characteristics of Phosphate Tailings for Comprehensive Utilization." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (March 31, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5529021.
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The mineralogical characteristics of a phosphate tailing were studied, and the occurrence state, mineral types, and embedded characteristics of phosphorus in the phosphate tailings were ascertained. The results show that the main minerals in the phosphate tailings are collophane. The main gangue minerals are quartz, dolomite, calcite, a small amount of potassium feldspar, plagioclase, chlorite, etc. Monazite was found in phosphate tailings. In addition, the coarse grain size of quartz and feldspar and fine embedded particle size of calcite and dolomite are also the main factors affecting the mineral processing of phosphate tailings. According to the analysis of mineralogical characteristics, the physical and chemical properties of phosphate tailings provided the basis for comprehensive utilization of phosphorus resources.
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Tebogo, Mashifana, and Sithole Thandiwe. "Evaluation of Chemically Treated and Lime Stabilized Gold Mine Tailings: Effect on Unconfined Compressive Strength." Key Engineering Materials 803 (May 2019): 366–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.803.366.
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For over 200 years of gold mining, little has been done to minimize the negative impact of gold mine tailings to the environment. The overall generation of tailing by South African gold mining industry is approximately 300 million tons of slimes. This study was conducted to develop an effective chemical treatment process to reduce major heavy metals in the gold mine tailings, to stabilize the treated gold tailings with lime, to enhance its unconfined compressive strength. Two reagents were investigated namely, citric acid and oxalic acid, the concentrations were varied between 0.25 M and 0.5 M. The leaching tests were conducted at temperatures of 25, 50 and 85 °C. The Elemental, mineralogical and micrograph analysis were conducted on the raw gold mine tailing, treated tailings and stabilized tailing. The results showed a higher relative proportion of magnesium, aluminium silicon, iron and sulphate. The relative proportion for all other metals was below 1 wt%. Citric acid proved to be the best chemical reagent and the optimum results were obtained when the leaching tests were conducted at a temperature of 85 °C, with the concentration of 0.5 M. The final treated solid products had major constituents which enhances material strength development, thus silica and aluminium. Stabilising the treated tailings with 30% hydrated lime, improved the unconfined compressive strength from 1.14 MPa to 2.9 MPa.
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Liu, Dehua, and Lijie Ma. "Application of Iron Tailing Sand in Pavement Base." Scientific Journal of Technology 4, no. 8 (August 20, 2022): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/sjt.v4i8.1641.
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Iron tailings are solid wastes produced after iron ore is refined. Based on the analysis of the development of road engineering in our country, the application status of iron tailings sand in road engineering in recent years is summarized. The optimal moisture content, maximum dry density and compressive strength of iron tailings cement stable macadam are evaluated by using the compaction test and unconfined compressive test. The results show that UNDER the condition OF a certain amount of cement and the content of iron tailing sand is 10%-20%, iron tailing sand can be used as semi-rigid pavement base material in road engineering construction. Finally, the author puts forward his own views on the future research direction.
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Lyashenko, V. I., V. I. Golik, and V. Z. Dyatchin. "Increasing environmental safety by reducing technogenic load in mining regions." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 63, no. 7 (October 5, 2020): 529–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2020-7-529-538.
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One of the most problematic points in technology for storing ore enrichment waste materials with hardener admixture into underground mined space and tailing dumps are the tailings of hydrometallurgical plant (HMP). They are supplied through a slurry pipeline to the tailing dump in form of pulp with solid to liquid mass ratio of 1:2. Liquid phase of the pulp after gravity separation and clarification in tailing dump is returned to technological cycle of HMP. Storage technology under consideration has several disadvantages: high nonrecurrent capital costs for construction of tailing dump at full design capacity; high probability of harmful chemicals migration into groundwater if protective shields of the base or sides of tailings are damaged. The authors have used data from literature and patent documentation considering storage parameters, laboratory and production experiments, physical modeling and selection of compositions of hardening mixtures. Analytical studies, comparative analysis of theoretical and practical results by standard and new methods were performed. Possibility of using hardening mixtures with adjacent production wastes used as binders was established. Optimal composition of ingredients per 1 m3 of hardening mixture is proposed as follows: 1350 – 1500 kg of HMP tailings; 50 - 70 kg of binder (cement); 350 liters of mixing water. Proposed technology of ore enrichment waste storage into underground mined space and tailings with hardener admixture application allows using underground mined space at the enterprise production capacity of 1,500 thousand tons per year to store 50 – 55 % of tailings, and store the rest wastes cemented by binding material in repository. When filling the entire area of the tailing dump mirror of 10 m height with cemented tails and HMP capacity of up to 1.5 million tons per year, its operation life is extended by 50 years.
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Jin, Jiaxu, Hongyue Zhang, Liang Xu, Kelin Zhou, and Xiangfeng Lv. "Stability Analysis of Downstream Dam Expansion Tailings Pond." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (June 2, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1809736.
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The buildup of tailings in China has expanded dramatically with economic development and industrial demand, and the safety of tailings reservoirs has become increasingly serious. Due to the difficulty in finding a new reservoir site, the expansion approach of building a new tailings dam downstream of the original reservoir area was investigated. The stability of the tailings reservoir after expansion was calculated using the traditional dynamic and static stability solution method and taking into account the unpredictability of dam construction materials and tailings material parameters in the reservoir area. The results reveal that throughout the tailings accumulation process in the new reservoir, the tailings will build a back pressure slope at the original reservoir’s initial dam, which can considerably improve the original reservoir’s dynamic and static stability. The Monte Carlo method clearly outperforms older methods for tailing pond stability analysis. The results of this paper’s calculations will give a theoretical foundation and practical reference for the later management and maintenance of such tailings reservoirs, as well as fresh ideas and insights for comparable projects due to limited site selection.
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Satyanaga, Alfrendo, Martin Wijaya, Qian Zhai, Sung-Woo Moon, Jaan Pu, and Jong R. Kim. "Stability and Consolidation of Sediment Tailings Incorporating Unsaturated Soil Mechanics." Fluids 6, no. 12 (November 24, 2021): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids6120423.
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Tailing dams are commonly used to safely store tailings without damaging the environment. Sand tailings (also called Sediment tailings) usually have a high water content and hence undergo consolidation during their placement. As the sediment tailings are usually placed above the ground water level, the degree of saturation and permeability of the sediment tailing is associated with the unsaturated condition due to the presence of negative pore-water pressure or suction. Current practices normally focus on the analyses saturated conditions. However, this consolidation process requires the flow of water between saturated and unsaturated zones to be considered. The objective of this study is to investigate the stability and consolidation of sediment tailings for the construction of road pillars considering the water flow between saturated and unsaturated zones. The scope of this study includes the unsaturated laboratory testing of sediments and numerical analyses of the road pillar. The results show that the analyses based on saturated conditions overestimate the time required to achieve a 90% degree of consolidation. The incorporation of the unsaturated soil properties is able to optimize the design of slopes for road pillars into steeper slope angles.
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Wang, Ya Li, Ming Zhang Lan, and Hai Bo Xu. "Study on the Influence of the Tailing Sand on the Performance of Pre-Mixed Mortar." Advanced Materials Research 739 (August 2013): 287–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.739.287.
Full textAbstract:
Large applications of pre-mixed mortar and the dwindling natural sand resources make people feel anxiety about the sustainable development of pre-mixed mortar, therefore, it is imperative to find replacement of natural sand. In this paper, several kinds of local tailings are selected. First, the basic performances of tailing sand are analyzed, then, the effect of the tailing sand on the performances of pre-mixed mortar are tested. The tests show that the mortar performance meets the technical requirements absolutely when tailings are used as aggregate mix mortar. When tailings substitute the natural sand, the mortar has qualified consistency and hierarchical degrees, but the strength is slightly lower. The natural sands are added to the limestone with more content of limestone powder which enrich the aggregate gradation, decrease the porosity of the aggregate and increase the fluidity. Also, both the consistency and hierarchical degrees of the mortar are very good. The tailings can be partially or completely substituted for the natural sand to mix the mortar, therefore, the exploitable yield of the natural sand can be reduced. The tailings are very suitable for mixing mortar.
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Noviadi, Yogi, and Prijantono Astjario. "AKUMULASI TAILING DASAR LAUT DI PERAIRAN TELUK SENUNU DAN SEKITARNYA, SUMBAWA BARAT." JURNAL GEOLOGI KELAUTAN 9, no. 3 (February 16, 2016): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.32693/jgk.9.3.2011.210.
Full textAbstract:
Teluk Senunu terletak di pantai selatan Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Daerah ini merupakan kawasan pembuangan tailing dari PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara (NNT). Hasil pemeruman di lokasi penyelidikan di sekitar alur pipa tailing memperlihatkan kedalaman dasar laut di sekitar Teluk Senunu bervariasi, pada kedalaman 0 sampai dengan 100 meter dijumpai pada jarak sekitar 3 - 3,25 km dari garis pantai. Keberadaan pipa tailing terluar berada pada kedalaman sekitar 120 meter dari permukaan dasar laut, dan posisi penempatan tailing ini terletak di kawasan Ngarai dengan kedalaman lebih dari 125 meter. Berdasarkan hasil penafsiran data Side Scan Sonar dijumpai adanya 3 jalur pipa tailing yang berada di permukaan dasar laut dengan penyebaran tailing secara lateral melebar sepanjang 1,5 km sejajar dengan tebing Ngarai Senunu.
Kata kunci : tailing, Teluk Senunu, Rekaman Seismik, Side scan sonar
Senunu bay is located on the southern coast of West Sumbawa Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. This area is a tailings disposal area of the ??PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara (NNT). Results of sounding around the tailing pipe shows the depth of the seafloor around the Senunu bay vary, at a depth of 0 to 100 meters was found at a distance of about 3 to 3.25 km from the coastline. The outer pipe of tailings located at a depth of 120 meters from the sealevel, and tailings placement position is located in the gap with a depth of more than 125 meters. Based on the results of Side Scan Sonar data interpretation, the 3 pipelines of tailings on the sea floor with spread laterally along the 1.5 km wide parallel to the canyon cliffs of Senunu.
Key words : tailing, Teluk Senunu, Seismic Record, Side scan sonar
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Rodríguez, Roberto, Alejandro Muñoz-Moreno, Ana Vanessa Caparrós, Cristóbal García-García, Ángel Brime-Barrios, Julio César Arranz-González, Virginia Rodríguez-Gómez, Francisco Javier Fernández-Naranjo, and Alberto Alcolea. "How to Prevent Flow Failures in Tailings Dams." Mine Water and the Environment 40, no. 1 (February 17, 2021): 83–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10230-021-00752-8.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractBased on research carried out at 67 tailings dams in Spain: (1) tailings dams contain alternating sedimentary layers with contractive and dilative geomechanical behaviours; (2) tailings saturate quickly but drain more than 10 times slower due to the high-suction capacity of the porous sediments (2–300 MPa); and (3) over the long-term, a stationary flow regime is attained within a tailings basin. Four temporal and spatial conditions must all be present for a tailing dams flow failure to occur: (1) the tailings must experience contractive behaviour; (2) the tailings must be fully saturated; (3) the effective stress due to static or dynamic load must approach zero; and (4) the shear stress must exceed the tailings residual shear stress. Our results also indicate that the degree of saturation (Sr) is the most influential factor controlling dam stability. The pore-pressure coefficient controls geotechnical stability: when it exceeds 0.5 (Sr = 0.7), the safety factor decreases dramatically. Therefore, controlling the degree of tailings saturation is instrumental to preventing dam failures, and can be achieved using a double drainage system, one for the unconsolidated foundation materials and another for the overlying tailings.
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Jiang, Chenggang, Yangdong Wang, Yitai Chen, Shufeng Wang, Changcheng Mu, and Xiang Shi. "The Phytoremediation Potential of 14 Salix Clones Grown in Pb/Zn and Cu Mine Tailings." Forests 15, no. 2 (January 29, 2024): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15020257.
Full textAbstract:
Willows are suitable candidates for phytoremediation projects. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential of using Salix unrooted cuttings for the phytoremediation of lead/zinc (Pb/Zn) and copper (Cu) mine tailings. Cuttings of 14 Salix clones were directly rooted into pots containing mine tailings. The 14 clones showed different levels of tolerance to tailing treatments. A total of 71.40% and 85.70% of the S. jiangsuensis ‘172’ cuttings either grown in Pb/Zn or Cu tailings survived, respectively. However, the other clones had lower survival rates, and the values were no more than 40%. Usually, all clones produce less biomass in an extremely contaminated environment. Clonal variation in biomass yield was observed in this research. The surviving clones, such as S. integra ‘WSH’, S. matsudana ‘14’, S. chaenomeloides ‘3’, S. chaenomeloides ‘4’, and S. chaenomeloides ‘5’ (Pb/Zn tailing), S. integra ‘HY’, S. integra ‘WSH’, S. matsudana ‘14’, S. matsudana ‘19’, and S. matsudana ‘34’ (Cu tailing) produced relatively more biomass in this study. In general, all the clones presented lower bioconcentration factor values for the tailings of heavy metals. In principle, all clones could easily take up and translocate Zn and Cd from the tailings to aboveground parts, especially S. integra. All clones exhibited a huge variation in their heavy metal accumulation capacity. As stated above, the direct utilization of cuttings for phytoremediation is a viable option. S. jiangsuensis ‘172’ had a high tolerance capacity and would be a recommended candidate for future phytoremediation projects in soils containing tailings with an extremely high concentration of heavy metals. These results provide crucial information about willow growth and metal accumulation capacity in extremely adverse environments.
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Abiodun O FATOYE. "Geochemical characteristics of unexplored mine tailings in Ijero Ekiti, Nigeria." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 11, no. 2 (May 30, 2022): 057–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2022.11.2.0128.
Full textAbstract:
Waste materials from mining tailings, often contain significant amounts of potentially valuable minerals. This study aimed at unearthing the valuable minerals in Ijero Ekiti mine tailings. The tailing samples were randomly collected in five locations of the study area. The samples were analyzed for selected physico-chemical parameters: pH values, electrical conductivity, chloride, organic matter and X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF) using standard analytical techniques. The physico-chemical parameters of tailings range in different concentration. The x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy analysis of the samples shows that the samples contain high concentrations of SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, and other trace compounds. The results of this study established that the tailings valuable minerals.
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Song, Huaqiang, Guan Wang, Tian Luo, Zongda Yang, Jingyuan Xu, and Wei Jiang. "Risk evaluation of tailings dam based on game theory and matter-extension theory." E3S Web of Conferences 358 (2022): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202235801007.
Full textAbstract:
The safety and stability of tailings dam are directly related to the safety of life and property of downstream residents and the ecological and environmental safety of downstream rivers and farmland. During the operation stage of the tailings pond, safety assessment shall be carried out from seepage damage of the tailings dam, instability of the dam foundation, structural damage of the dam body, flooded roof, and safety management, etc. Aiming at a tailings pond in the running stage of Guangxi Province in China, by establishing the evaluation index system and its grading standard of the tailings dam-break, the subjectivity and objectivity of the evaluation index are taken into consideration by the combination of matter-element extension theory and game theory. Meanwhile, in order to solve the problem of the defect of the correlation function when the eigenvalue exceeds the controlled field and of the incommensurability for different units, a linear dimensionless method is adopted. The results show that the grade of tailings dam-break is I, and the eigenvalue of grade variable is 1.3, that is, the tailings pond is a “normal tailing reservoir”, but there is a risk of evolution to the “sickness tailing reservoir”. Thus, corresponding measures must be taken to prevent. In addition, the result of the two methods is consistent by comparing with the unascertained measure method, which not only validates the accuracy of the evaluation method, but also embodies the unique advantage of possessing the eigenvalue of grade variable to alert its evolution direction.
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Dong, Tao, Ping Cao, Rong Gui, Qibin Lin, and Zhizhen Liu. "Experimental Study on Permeability Coefficient in Layered Fine Tailings under Seepage Condition." Geofluids 2021 (April 15, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8850138.
Full textAbstract:
Nearly half of the tailings dams in China are in a state of high-security risks and overservice, and the safety of these tailings dams has always been a concern for relevant scholars. The seepage characteristics of tailings are one of the essential factors affecting the safety of tailings dam. Now, due to the improvement of mineral processing technology, there are many fine tailings dam; the study of the seepage characteristics of the tailings dam is no longer applicable. Fine-grained tailings form uneven deposition in these tailings dams, resulting in the permeability of tailings not conforming to the previous law. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the permeability of fine-grained tailings with uneven deposition. In this paper, the physical model of the simulated tailings dam is established to study the influence of the dry beach slope on the distribution and deposition law of fine tailings during discharge. The test results show that the average particle size of tailings decreases along the length of dry beach, showing the phenomenon of coarsening upstream and thinning downstream. Then, based on the data of fine tailings deposition, the variation characteristics of the permeability coefficient of layered tailings under stable and unstable seepage conditions are studied. The test results show that the variation process of tailings permeability coefficient can be divided into four stages: rapid compaction stage, slow compaction stage, failure stage, and stable stage. Under stable and unstable seepage conditions, the permeability coefficients of unstratified tailing sand are about 10% and 15% higher, respectively, than those in the initial state. The permeability coefficient of layered tailings formed by uneven settlement changes more obviously, which is about 12% and 20% higher than the initial state.
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Chen, Wenzhao, Kai Yang, Jiaqing Fan, Xiqi Liu, and Xiaoqing Wei. "Experimental study on acidification effect of tailing sand." E3S Web of Conferences 248 (2021): 01048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124801048.
Full textAbstract:
Sulfide minerals (mainly FeS2) contained in lead-zinc tailings are easy to be acidified in the air. The acidification mechanism is that the tailing sand generates sulfuric acid and sulfate under the catalysis of oxidant, water and oxygen. The acidic liquid generated by the reaction will continue to react with metal oxides to form an insoluble precipitate.In order to reveal the corresponding changes of chemical properties and physical properties of lead-zinc tailing sand during acidification, a series of reaction processes of tailings under natural conditions were simulated by immersion test in laboratory.It is found through the test that with the deepening of acidification, the coarse particles of tailing sand dissolve, resulting in the decrease of iron concentration in the compound, the increase of fine particles, the increase of specific surface area, the decrease of surface friction and occlusion friction between particles, resulting in the decrease of internal friction angle, and the decrease of the safety of tailings dam. words.
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Sun, Ji Shu, Yuan Ming Dou, Zhao Xia Chen, and Chun Feng Yang. "Experimental Study on the Performances of Cement Stabilized Iron Ore Tailing Gravel in Highway Application." Applied Mechanics and Materials 97-98 (September 2011): 425–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.97-98.425.
Full textAbstract:
Iron ore tailings as a kind of waste products after ore dressing is one of the major industrial solid wastes. Iron ore tailings not only cover huge land and pollute environment, but also give rise to security risks. The comprehensive utilization of iron ore tailings need to be studied systematically. According to the method in Test Methods of Materials Stabilized with Inorganic Binders for Highway Engineering, the technical performances of cement stabilized iron ore tailing gravel in highway application were studied by systemic experiments in this paper. These include the strength, modulus, and frost resistance property, water stability. And the influencing factors of the mixture strength were analyzed, too. The results show that the mixture of cement stabilized iron ore tailing gravel has higher strength and modulus, good frost resistance property and water stability. The technical performances of cement stabilized iron tailing gravel conform to the current specification, so it can be used as sub-base course or base course material.
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Tymoshchuk, V., and Y. Tymoshchuk. "Mathematical modeling of the geomechanical stateof a manufactured rock mass under the conditionsof seismic loading." Collection of Research Papers of the National Mining University 74 (September 2023): 163–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/74.163.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the study is to predict the geomechanical stability of the bottom slope of the operating tailing dump PJSC ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rihunder the conditions of the main and emergency load combination. Research methods. The geomechanical stability of the tailing dump bottom slope under seismic loading was assessed based on the results of numerical modeling of hydrodynamic and geomechanical processes using the Phase2 software package implemented on the basis of the finite element method for two-dimensional analysis of the stress-strain state of loaded rock masses. Research results. Based on the analysis and synthesis of data on geological, hydrogeological, engineering, geological and technical conditions of the tailings slope, a predictive assessment of the hydrodynamic regime of the tailings slope was performed in accordance with the adopted scheme of its expansion and the geomechanical stability of the tailings slope under the action of the main and emergency combination of loads was determined. Based on the results of the calculations, the measures and technical solutions aimed at ensuring the normalized stability of the tailing dump are substantiated. Scientific novelty. The dependence of the geomechanical stability of the hydraulic structure on the physical condition of the rocks stored in the tailings dump and the nature of their watering under seismic loading was established, which made it possible to substantiate measures to ensure the stability of the tailings dump's lower slope, which consist in organizing the efficient operation of individual structures and elements of the drainage system, as well as excluding the storage of rock material with reduced filtration permeability in the contour zone of the upper part of the tailings dump slope. Practical significance. The results of the performed research form the basis for substantiating technical solutions to ensure the stability of hydraulic structures under seismic loading.
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Wu, Hui, Wen Ni, and Chang Long Wang. "Effect of Hydraulic Classification on Iron Ore Tailings Preparing High Strength Construction Materials." Advanced Materials Research 800 (September 2013): 330–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.800.330.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study is to understand the effect of hydraulic classification on the iron ore tailings, and develop the cementitious activity of tailings to prepare construction materials. It was indicated that hydraulic classification can effectively divide the particulates of tailings into coarse and fine powders. The compression strength of the prepared construction materials are 87.83 MPa at 28 days, which have higher strength than the construction materials using original tailing, The variation in the tailings samples after hydraulic classification and the cementitious material after step-milling was characterized by sieve analysis, complete chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the particles size distribution. By mechanical properties testing and microstructure analysis shows that after hydraulic classification of tailings under the same conditions, the strength of the 3 days, 7 days, 28 days are higher than that of the original tailings. The main phases in the system are the rod of ettringite and low crystallinity or the amorphous C-S-H gel, and residual Ca(OH)2.