Journal articles: 'Tailing storage facilities'

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Sujatono, Supandi. "INTEGRATED SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS (SSA) WITH TRANSIENT GROUNDWATER FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR EMBANKMENT ANALYSIS." Jurnal Teknologi 83, no. 5 (August 1, 2021): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v83.16456.

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The content of level has a big enough role in the value of the physical characteristic and the mechanical of material. The behavior of water in these materials needs to be analyzed first in order to support the slope stability analysis. Modeling of water behavior in materials in the construction of Tailing Storage Facilities (TSF) will be integrated in the slope stability analysis. This study aims to provide an explanation about the analysis of the Fishing Storage Facilities (TSF) which integrates transient groundwater analysis using the finite element method in supporting the stability analysis of the embankment of Tailing Storage Facilities (TSF). The variables that are used in the analysis, they are the parameters of physical properties and mechanic material for embankment and permeability parameters in analyzing groundwater. The analysis method for geotechnical and geohydrology modeling uses the finite element method. The results of analysis showed that groundwater behavior in the embankment material can be known in detail so that it can be integrated with stability analysis. It can be seen that there is a decrease in the value of the slope safety factor using the Integrated Slope Stability Analysis method compared to the conventional method. Adding an impermeable layer using a thickness of 5 m of clay material and a thickness of 20-30 m to support the retaining wall/foot is the criterion of optimal stability. The required lining material thickness (D) can be expressed by the following drawdown percentage equation function: reduction percentage = (1-0.8661D (-0.031)) * 100%.

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Rozhkova, O. V., M. T. Yermekov, Ye T. Tolysbayev, S. G. Maryinsky, and A. V. Vetyugov. "PROBLEMS OF STORAGE, REFINERY AND DISPOSING OF DRILLING WASTE OF THE EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION SECTOR OF KAZAKHSTAN. ARRANGEMENT AND OPERATION FEATURES OF SLUDGE COLLECTORS AND OIL STORAGE PITS." Series of Geology and Technical Sciences 2, no. 446 (April 15, 2021): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-170x.47.

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A lot of drilling wastes with various content of oil products is formed annually during production of hydrocarbons in the result of accidents at the facilities of transportation and oil production, soil is polluted. So, main contaminants of the environment are drilling wastes such as drilling, drilling waste water, waste drilling fluid and places of their disposition - sludge pits. Total amount of the oil slurry annually formed at enterprises of the oil sector of Kazakhstan is about 100 thousand ton, and resources of these wastes are estimated in more than 40 mln. ton. The wastes are placed in special sludge pits equipped with watertight screen. However, in spite of the available modern technologies for arrangement of waterproof finish of the drilling waste disposal facilities, high level of soil pollution is still observed. As a rule, pollutions are related to violation of the requirements of the standards during construction and operation of sludge pits, products pipelines, tailing dumps, sludge collectors and temporary storages. Therefore it is necessary to build reliable storages for temporary placement of the formed wastes until their delivery for recovery or disposing, during operation of which there will be no migration of pollutants to the environment. It is suggested to use bentonitic mats as waterproof finish of such facilities - this is innovative by properties, multifunctional composite material, which is combination of textile materials with the layer of the natural self- recovering mineral component - bentonite.

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Wanitsawatwichai, Kitsadee, and Pantawat Sampanpanish. "The combination of phytoremediation and electrokinetics remediation technology on arsenic contaminated remediation in tailing storage facilities from gold mine." Heliyon 7, no. 8 (August 2021): e07736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07736.

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Oguntoke, Olusegun, Matthew E. Ojelede, and Harold J. Annegarn. "Frequency of Mine Dust Episodes and the Influence of Meteorological Parameters on the Witwatersrand Area, South Africa." International Journal of Atmospheric Sciences 2013 (November 20, 2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/128463.

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Aeolian dispersal of dust from gold mine tailing storage facilities impacts negatively on amenities, human health, and the environment of the Witwatersrand region, South Africa. The present study adopted a multivariate analytical method to quantify the effect of specific meteorological parameters on dust fall emissions, monitored at 22 sites in the central Witwatersrand area. Using meteorological and dust fall data from 2001 to 2010, the relationships between weather and dust fallout deposition rates were explored across the sites at different seasons. Dust deposition rate varied among seasons, with spring months showing the highest levels and frequency. Atmospheric humidity had negative correlations () with dust fall while wind speed showed positive correlations () at the selected sites (). Sites with low influence of relative humidity had higher impact on wind speed. Mean relative humidity below 50% and mean wind speed above 4 m/s were predicted as critical levels for dust episodes incidence at sites that recorded “heavy” and “very heavy” dust fall. For environmental planning purposes, current mitigation measures should be manipulated in relation to levels of air humidity and wind speed for dust emission reduction, especially during spring.

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Kidirbaevich, Akhmedov Mukhammadzhakhongir, and Isomatov Yusuf Pulatovich. "On the Formation of Technogenic Changes in the Geological Environment in the Deposits of the Almalyk Mining Region." Revista Gestão Inovação e Tecnologias 11, no. 4 (August 19, 2021): 4681–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.47059/revistageintec.v11i4.2496.

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The article deals with the issues of the emergence of a new stressed state of rocks during the development of deposits and the formation of several deformations of the sides of the quarries. It is noted that among which gravitational slope deformations in the form of landslides, talus and mudslides are of decisive importance. All these types of deformation are observed in the Sary-Cheku, Kalmakyr, Kurgashinkan and others deposits. As a result of the analysis of the deformation of the quarry walls, the main conclusions were made, which can serve as a basis for the study and forecasting of landslide and other types of deformations. The issues of the technogenic (anthropogenic) impact of industrial enterprises and quarries of the Almalyk region on the environment are also considered. As a result of the infiltration of polluted waters of quarries, dumps, slag ponds and tailing dumps of factories, there is a penetration of polluting components into underground groundwater. Under the influence of the infiltration flow, the chemical composition of soils changes, and several polluting chemical compounds accumulate on their solid particles. Surface wastewater associated with the washing out of sludge and slag from industrial waste storage facilities is also susceptible to pollution.

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Semenenko, Ye V., S. I. Kril, and L. G. Tatarko. "Calculation of the parameters of the hydraulic transport of enrichment waste in polyethylene pipes." Geo-Technical mechanics, no. 152 (2020): 285–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/geotm2020.152.285.

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In the article, a new method is presented for calculating hydraulic slope and critical speed of cleaning reject hydrotransportation through the polyethylene pipelines, which is based on the Methodology for Calculating Hydrotransport Plants for Tailings Transporting and Inwashing at the Iron Ore Mining and Processing Enterprises. This methodology was approved by the State Construction Committee of the Ukrainian SSR in its Temporary Instructions on Technology of the Tailing Dump Arrangement and was used in the design of all of the waste storage facilities in the Krivyy Rih ore-dressing and processing enterprises. For the conditions of the experiments, it was shown that experimental multiplier in the formula for calculating critical speed of hydrotransportation was depended on the pipeline diameter, free fall acceleration, kinematic coefficient of water viscosity and absolute roughness of the pipe inner surface. The acknowledgement of these factors made an empirical constant in the considered formula dimensionless and close to average value of the constants in the formulas obtained by other similar methods. With the considered method, it is proved that experimental constant in the formula for calculating critical speed of hydrotransportation is inversely proportional to the cubic root of the roughness of the pipeline inner surface, while coefficient of proportionality is a universal constant, which does not depend on the properties of the pipeline material and is equal to 10.1. Therefore, for determining critical speed of hydrotransportation through the polymer pipes by using this method, it is necessary to multiply critical speed for steel pipe with a similar diameter by the cubic root of ratio of roughness of the inner surfaces of the steel and polymer pipelines. It is further shown that value of hydraulic slope significantly depends on the operating coefficient, which shows by how many times coefficient of friction hydraulic resistance in the polyethylene pipe operating in supercritical flow regime exceeds the same value in case of critical flow regime for the same pipe. The research results allowed finding formulas for calculating hydraulic slope and critical speed of the iron-ore cleaning reject hydrotransportation through the polyethylene pipelines, which are based on the dependencies obtained for the steel pipes and value of absolute roughness of the pipeline inner surface.

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Makarov, D. V., O. T. Konina, and A. A. Goryachev. "Dusting Suppression at Tailings Storage Facilities." Физико-технические проблемы разработки полезных ископаемых, no. 4 (2021): 160–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15372/ftprpi20210416.

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Wilson, Gordon. "The new expertise required for designing safe tailings storage facilities." Soils and Rocks 44, no. 3 (September 17, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.28927/sr.2021.067521.

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The global mining community has seen a dangerous sequence of failures in tailings dams, beginning with Mount Polley mine, followed by the Samarco, Cadia Valley and Córrego do Feijão mines. This sequence of failures began on August 4, 2014, at the Mount Polley tailings storage facility in British Columbia, Canada. The initial failure in the embankment at the Mount Polley tailings storage facility had substantial impact on the global mining industry. The Independent Expert Engineering Investigation and Review Panel (IEEIRP) tasked with the investigation of the breach in the tailings dam at Mount Polley made major contributions for new guidelines. The incident has given rise to comprehensive recommendations for best available tailings technologies (BAT) based on principles such as the elimination of surface water from impoundments with the promotion of unsaturated conditions in the tailings through drainage provisions. The application of these BAT principles for the surface storage of tailings leads to the use of filtered tailings technology. Filtered tailings technology or “dry stack tailings” can satisfy each of the BAT components when the impoundment is properly designed and constructed. The implementation of the best available technologies for the physical stability (BAT-PS) of tailings impoundments competes directly with the best available technologies for the chemical stability (BAT-CS) of reactive tailings that may produce acid and metalliferous drainage. The new expertise in mine waste management required to achieve both BAT-PS and BAT-CS are discussed in the present paper.

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Wang, Shuncai, Yue Zhao, Shuang Li, and Zhicheng Wei. "Improvement of Traditional Mining Tailings Storage Facilities." Journal of Residuals Science and Technology 13, no. 4 (2016): S11—S14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/issn.1544-8053/13/4/s3.

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Wang, Shuncai, Yue Zhao, Shuang Li, and Zhicheng Wei. "Improvement of Traditional Mining Tailings Storage Facilities." Journal of Residuals Science and Technology 13, S2 (2016): S11—S14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/issn.1544-8053/13/s2/3.

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Medvedieva, Olha, Serhii Kyrychko, Nina Nykyforova, and Nataliia Koval. "Substantiation of the parameters of the tailings storage core during the storing of the cleaning rejects by hydraulic method." E3S Web of Conferences 109 (2019): 00056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910900056.

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The paper analyzes the current state of artificial tailings storages. These unique anthropogenic facilities may be considered both as the sources of environmental hazard and as promising anthropogenic deposits. The relevance of their development is shown. Taking into account the existing technologies of tailings storing, it is substantiated that the future anthropogenic deposit is formed by hydraulicking layers of the same thickness, displaced relative to each other in the horizontal plane by the same amount. As a result of research dependences were obtained that allow estimation of the probable volumes of stored mineral processing products and available storage volume when building up dams, as well as justification of the location of the inner boundary between the core of the artificial storage and the body of the retaining prism.

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Schoenberger, Erica. "Environmentally sustainable mining: The case of tailings storage facilities." Resources Policy 49 (September 2016): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2016.04.009.

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Park, Junnhyeok, Kwangmin Kim, Taehee Lee, and Minkyu Kim. "Tailings Storage Facilities (TSFs) Dust Control Using Biocompatible Polymers." Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration 36, no. 4 (May 7, 2019): 785–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42461-019-0078-2.

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Woodall, Caleb M., Xueya Lu, Gregory Dipple, and Jennifer Wilcox. "Carbon Mineralization with North American PGM Mine Tailings—Characterization and Reactivity Analysis." Minerals 11, no. 8 (August 5, 2021): 844. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11080844.

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Global efforts to combat climate change call for methods to capture and store CO2. Meanwhile, the global transition away from fossil energy will result in increased production of tailings (i.e., wastes) from the mining of nickel and platinum group metals (PGMs). Through carbon mineralization, CO2 can be permanently stored in calcium- and magnesium-bearing mine tailings. The Stillwater mine in Nye, Montana produces copper, nickel, and PGMs, along with 1 Mt of tailings each year. Stillwater tailings samples have been characterized, revealing that they contain a variety of mineral phases, most notably Ca-bearing plagioclase feldspar. Increases in inorganic carbon in the tailings and ion concentration in the tailings storage facilities suggest carbonation has taken place at ambient conditions over time within the tailings storage facilities. Two experiments were performed to simulate carbon mineralization at ambient temperature and pressure with elevated CO2 concentration (10% with N2), revealing that less than 1% of the silicate-bound calcium within the tailings is labile, or easily released from silicate structures at low-cost ambient conditions. The Stillwater tailings could be useful for developing strategies of waste management as production of nickel and PGM minerals increases during the global transition away from fossil energy, but further work is needed to develop a process that can realize their full carbon storage potential.

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Wróżyńska, Magdalena. "Prediction of Postflotation Tailings Behavior in a Large Storage Facility." Minerals 11, no. 4 (March 30, 2021): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11040362.

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Extracting and copper production on a large scale generates large volumes of postflotation mine tailings. The scale of operation and development of tailings storage facilities (TSFs) forces the use of innovative solutions enabling safe storage now and in the future. Any changes to the operation require multi-directional monitoring of the impact of these changes on storage safety. The ongoing exploitation will be ensured by expansion of the TSF and a change in tailings storage technology. This approach will preclude the need for changes to the new location, such as changes of land use, and will minimise the volume of mine waste. The paper presents the results of pilot studies carried out to implement the change in postflotation tailings storage technology at Żelazny Most TSF (Poland) in the future. The aim of the paper was settlements prediction of tailings and comparison of deformations with observed settlements. Settlements prediction of tailings was made on the basis of the results of the DMT (Marchetti Dilatometer Test), recommended for the prediction of natural soil settlement. Depending on the analysed zone of the TSF, settlements ranged from a few centimetres to over 1.5 m. Despite the difference shown, the results of DMT and geodetic measurements indicate a convergent trend of settlement.

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Fourie, Andy. "Preventing catastrophic failures and mitigating environmental impacts of tailings storage facilities." Procedia Earth and Planetary Science 1, no. 1 (September 2009): 1067–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeps.2009.09.164.

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Mpanza, Mbalenhle, Elhadi Adam, and Raeesa Moolla. "Dust Deposition Impacts at a Liquidated Gold Mine Village: Gauteng Province in South Africa." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 14 (July 8, 2020): 4929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17144929.

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The windy season brings numerous community complaints for gold mining companies situated in the Witwatersrand due to windblown dust from partially rehabilitated tailings storage facilities (TSFs). For communities encroaching onto TSFs, windblown dust is perceived as a health hazard and an environmental challenge. In a study conducted in 2017 by the Lawyers for Human Rights, the community of a gold mine village perceived tailings storage facility 6 (TSF6) and other surrounding tailings storage facilities which are partially rehabilitated to be a health and socio-economic threat. Since 2013, when a nearby gold mining company was liquidated, this community has been complaining about dust fallout. To validate the claims made by the community this paper reports on the dust deposition impacts, and respiratory illnesses risk posed by wind-blown generated dust. The study conducts an air quality assessment using dispersion modelling of windblown dust. Surface material from the TSFs was sampled, analysed for silica and heavy metal content using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) respectively. This study finds that PM10 dust fallout, high in silica and uranium content, could potentially pose health threats to the surrounding community. The study further shows that dust deposition is the highest in July–October, with TSF6 posing a nuisance while TSF1 represents a potential health threat owing to its particle size distribution for the surrounding gold mine village community. Potential receptors of the air pollution by dust in this study area include neighbouring property owners, business owners of the nearby shopping centre, the school and the clinic. This study further finds that sudden mine closure due to mine liquidation results in unrehabilitated tailings storage facilities which exacerbates dust deposition.

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Świdziński, Waldemar. "Modeling groundwater flow and salinity evolution near TSF Żelazny Most. Part I – groundwater flow." E3S Web of Conferences 54 (2018): 00036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185400036.

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Tailings which are by-product of the extraction of various metals (copper, gold, silver, molybdenum, etc.) are often stored in so called Tailings Storage Facilities (TSF), where they are deposited as a soil-water mixture by spigotting. In many cases the water discharged together with tailings to the TSF is rich in salts and other chemical compounds imposing negative pressure to the groundwater environment. Even in the case of total or partial lining of such facilities and well-developed drainage systems to control leaching, some portion of contaminated water often seeps either through the surrounding dams or the bed into adjacent groundwater bodies. Numerical models can be very helpful tools to assess the extent of the contamination and particularly to predict its potential development in the future. This paper and the companion one describe such a numerical model developed for Żelazny Most Tailings Storage Facility (south-west Poland), one of the world’s largest tailings sites. In the first part general information about the facility is provided and a 3D hydrogeological numerical model of the structure is described. Groundwater flow pattern near the facility obtained from numerical simulations is confronted with the measurements from a comprehensively developed monitoring system. Part II will be focused on the modelling of chloride transport in groundwater.

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Tschuschke, Wojciech, Sławomir Gogolik, Magdalena Wróżyńska, Maciej Kroll, and Paweł Stefanek. "The Application of the Seismic Cone Penetration Test (SCPTU) in Tailings Water Conditions Monitoring." Water 12, no. 3 (March 8, 2020): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12030737.

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The safe operation of the large, outflow Tailings Storage Facilities (TSF) requires comprehensive and continuous threat monitoring. One of the basic kinds of threat monitoring is to monitor the water conditions in deposited tailings, which is usually carried out using a conventional piezometric observation method from a network of installed piezometers. In complex tailings storage conditions, the reliability of the piezometric method may be questioned. The Seismic Cone Penetration Test (SCPTU) can meet high test standards. The results of the penetration tests closely identify conditions of sediments that determine the tailings water regime verified locally on the basis of pore water pressure dissipation tests. On the other hand, seismic measurements perfectly complement the characteristics of sediments in terms of their saturation. The analysis of the results of SCPTU implemented in the tailings massif also showed that below the phreatic surface, a zone of not fully saturated tailings can be found. Its presence improves the stability conditions of the tailings massif and dams, but also limits the possibility of the static liquefaction of tailings.

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Chou, Yung-Chin (Alan), R. Kerry Rowe, and Richard W. I. Brachman. "Erosion of silty sand tailings through a geomembrane defect under filter incompatible conditions." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 55, no. 11 (November 2018): 1564–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2017-0602.

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At tailings storage facilities, a geomembrane may be used to contain tailings from relatively more permeable foundation or embankment materials. A “filter incompatible” condition may arise between the tailings and underliner materials. In this study, the potential for piping erosion of tailings through a 1 cm diameter geomembrane defect was evaluated in a series of physical experiments. The geomembrane defect was sandwiched between silty sand tailings and various underliners (DF15/DB85 = 5.6–13.5) not meeting typical retention criteria for filtration. The leakage rates and visual findings revealed that a critical stress condition existed where erosion occurred continuously for up to 24 h. This stress condition could be encountered during early deposition or development of a reclaim pond at a tailings storage facility. When allowed to occur, erosion during this stress condition resulted in subsequent leakage rates that were 2–3 orders of magnitude higher than previously observed with “filter compatible” conditions and higher stresses. Practitioners unaware of this potential for erosion near the defect may significantly underestimate leakage and underpredict pore pressures within the embankment.

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Aleshin, Yurii, Ilgiz Aitmatov, Isakbek Torgoev, and Bektur Chukin. "Ecology and mining industry development in high-mountain areas (the Inner Tien Shan)." E3S Web of Conferences 56 (2018): 04022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185604022.

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The genesis and transformation in time of risks in the areas of high altitude tailings storage facilities with respect to changing climate are considered. Based on the example of the Kumtor mine in the center of the Tien Shan at a height of 3600-4300 m, three groups of risk factors were allocated concerning a large, ecologically hazardous facility - the tailings dam containing cyanide waste. For one of the factors, calculations of an accidental dam burst were made using the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) method. It was concluded that the construction of large-scaled and geoenvironmentally hazardous facilities in less researched high-mountain areas has to be be drawn upon detailed and permanent monitoring of the facility itself and its environment. It is crucial to be prepared for operational adjustment of projects and an immediate rehabilitation of constructed facilities.

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Mayorova, L. P., A. A. Cherentsova, L. T. Krupskaya, D. A. Golubev, and K. A. Kolobanov. "Assessment of manmade air pollution due to dusting at mine tailings storage facilities." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, no. 1 (2021): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2021-1-0-5-20.

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Leiva, Williams, Norman Toro, Pedro Robles, Edelmira Gálvez, and Ricardo Ivan Jeldres. "Use of Multi-Anionic Sodium Tripolyphosphate to Enhance Dispersion of Concentrated Kaolin Slurries in Seawater." Metals 11, no. 7 (July 7, 2021): 1085. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11071085.

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This research aims to analyze the impact of sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) as a rheological modifier of concentrated kaolin slurries in seawater at pH 8, which is characteristic of copper sulfide processing operations. The dispersion phenomenon was analyzed through chord length measurements using the focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) technique, complementing size distributions in unweighted and square-weighted modes. The reduction of the rheological properties was significant, decreasing from 231 Pa in a reagent-free environment to 80 Pa after the application of STPP. A frequency sweep in a linear viscoelastic regime indicated that by applying a characteristic dosage of 0.53 kg/t of STPP, the pulp before yielding increases its phase angle, which increases its liquid-like character. Measurements of the chord length verified the dispersion of particles, which showed an apparent increase in the proportion of fine particles and a reduction of the coarser aggregates when STPP was applied. Measurements of the zeta potential suggested that the high anionic charge of the reagent (pentavalent) increases the electrostatic repulsions between particles, overcoming the effect of cations in seawater. The results are relevant for the mining industry, especially when the deposits have high contents of complex gangues, such as clays, that increase the rheological properties. This increases the energy costs and water consumption needed for pumping the tailings from thickeners to the tailing storages facilities. The strategies that allow for the improvement of the fluidity and deformation of the tailings generate slack in order to maximize water recovery in the thickening stages.

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Pashkevich, Mariya A., and Alexey V. Alekseenko. "Reutilization Prospects of Diamond Clay Tailings at the Lomonosov Mine, Northwestern Russia." Minerals 10, no. 6 (June 2, 2020): 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10060517.

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Approaches to reutilization of diamond clay tailings in northern environments are considered in the example of the Subarctic region of Russia. The monitoring studies are conducted at storage facilities of Severalmaz PJSC where ca. 14 million cubic meters of waste rock are produced annually after kimberlite mining and processing. The tailings of diamond ore dressing waste are situated in complex geological conditions of high-groundwater influx and harsh cold climate with low levels of solar radiation and the average annual temperature below freezing point. Furthermore, the adjoining protected forests with a significant diversity of biogeocenoses and salmon-spawning rivers are affected by the storage area. Reducing the impact of the tailings can be achieved through the reuse of the stored clay magnesia rocks obtained from saponite-containing suspension. The experiments reveal the most promising ways of their application as potential secondary mineral raw materials: cement clinker and ceramics manufacture, integration of alkaline clay into the reclamation of acidic peat bogs, and production of aqueous clay-based drilling fluid. Field and laboratory tests expose the advantages and prospects of each suggested treatment technique.

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Munksgaard, N. C., and B. G. Lottermoser. "Phosphate amendment of metalliferous tailings, Cannington Ag–Pb–Zn mine, Australia: implications for the capping of tailings storage facilities." Environmental Earth Sciences 68, no. 1 (May 17, 2012): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-1711-2.

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Moseykin, V. V., and M. S. Kharitonova. "Geological, ecological and resource-saving surveys of tailings storage facilities of Erdenet Mining Corporation." Mining informational and analytical bulletin 5 (2020): 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-5-0-40-53.

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Tian, Sen, and Jianhong Chen. "An Evaluation Model for Tailings Storage Facilities Using Improved Neural Networks and Fuzzy Mathematics." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/328902.

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With the development of mine industry, tailings storage facility (TSF), as the important facility of mining, has attracted increasing attention for its safety problems. However, the problems of low accuracy and slow operation rate often occur in current TSF safety evaluation models. This paper establishes a reasonable TSF safety evaluation index system and puts forward a new TSF safety evaluation model by combining the theories for the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and improved back-propagation (BP) neural network algorithm. The varying proportions of cross validation were calculated, demonstrating that this method has better evaluation performance with higher learning efficiency and faster convergence speed and avoids the oscillation in the training process in traditional BP neural network method and other primary neural network methods. The entire analysis shows the combination of the two methods increases the accuracy and reliability of the safety evaluation, and it can be well applied in the TSF safety evaluation.

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Andraos, Charlene, Kobus Dekker, and Mary Gulumian. "Ambient PM10and Respirable Dust Levels Near Gold Mine Tailings Storage Facilities in South Africa." CLEAN – Soil, Air, Water 47, no. 2 (January 4, 2019): 1800103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/clen.201800103.

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Stefaniak, Katarzyna, and Magdalena Wróżyńska. "On possibilities of using global monitoring in effective prevention of tailings storage facilities failures." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 25, no. 6 (December 19, 2017): 5280–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0995-x.

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O'Leary, William. "Wastewater recycling and environmental constraints at a base metal mine and process facilities." Water Science and Technology 33, no. 10-11 (May 1, 1996): 371–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0695.

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In temperate areas of abundant freshwater there is seldom an urgency to recycle. The statutory protection of inland waters for beneficial uses such as drinking, food processing and game fishing is requiring industries to choose recycling. A European success in this trend is a base metal mining/milling industry which, since 1977, is implementing hydraulic, hydrological, treatment and ecological studies with wastewaters and mine tailings. A model activity, located 50 km from Dublin is considered. Zinc and lead concentrates produced and exported to smelters ultimately yield approximately 194,000 t and 54,000 t of these respective metals (32 and 21 percent of European production). Water use as originally planned would have been approximately 6m3/t of ore milled. While ore milling increased by 25 percent to 8,500t/d in 1993, water use declined by 33 percent to 4m3/t. The components making up this reduction range from milling technology efficiency to greater recycling from the 165 ha tailings pond. Environmental standards, based on framework regulations originating in EU Directives, have been instrumental in achieving wastewater savings. A conclusion is the value of integrating water quantity, quality, recycling, storage, production and other factors early in project planning.

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Rodari Gutierrez, Germán Javier, and Luciano Agustín Oldecop. "Test plot study of a tailings stack final cover prototype." MATEC Web of Conferences 337 (2021): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202133704006.

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Waste storage facilities must be protected against weathering once mining operations come to end, in order to ensure structural integrity and to avoid environmental pollution. Cover systems consisting on earthen materials layers that are placed over the wastes are a widely spread solution to fulfil such requirement. This paper presents an experimental study of a cover system intended to protect a waste storage facility study case located in the arid eastern foothills of the Central Andes range, Argentina. At the study case, filtered tailings and waste rock are stored conjunctly. Both materials are stacked as alternating layers, roughly one-meter thickness each. The cover prototype is comprised of the stack topmost tailings layer, which is expected to act as the store-and-release element of a WB cover. The prototype design also includes a waste rock layer placed on top of the tailings, to avoid wind and runoff erosion. A total of 6 study plots have been setup, each equipped with water content and matric suction sensors. The plots location was decided to tackle cover response under sloping and horizontal ground conditions. The performance of three different waste rock layer thicknesses are being studied under both placement inclinations. Available data shows that the prototype comprising a 10cm thick waste rock layer has served satisfactorily to avoid deep percolation and tailings erosion.

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Wang, Kun, Peng Yang, Guangming Yu, Chao Yang, and Liyi Zhu. "3D Numerical Modelling of Tailings Dam Breach Run Out Flow over Complex Terrain: A Multidisciplinary Procedure." Water 12, no. 9 (September 11, 2020): 2538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12092538.

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Tailings dams, as essential mining structures, are being built globally for containing the chief waste stream of the mining industry. Catastrophic tailings dam breaches have occurred frequently over the past decade, causing severe impacts on the environment, economy, and human health. The foreknowledge of the tailings dam breach overland flow is crucial for the risk assessment and emergency response planning in order to prevent or minimize possible losses. Using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) photogrammetry and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) numerical method, this study proposed a multidisciplinary procedure for modelling a hypothetical tailings dam breach run out flow over the downstream complex terrain. A case study on a 97-m-height tailings dam in Shandong Province of China was carried out. The proposed procedure was proven applicable to determine the overland tailings flow. The submerged area and flow velocities suggested that the downstream G2 highway would hardly be threatened and more concerns should be paid on the factory plants and workers deployed between the dam toe and the highway. Additionally, the application of UAV photogrammetry in the mining industry as a supplementary surveying method can be further expanded, especially for the numerous small-scale mining sites. The proposed procedure is then recommended for the safety management of the tailings’ storage facilities globally.

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Ethier, Marie-Pier, Bruno Bussière, Michel Aubertin, Abdelkabir Maqsoud, Isabelle Demers, and Stefan Broda. "In situ evaluation of performance of reclamation measures implemented on abandoned reactive tailings disposal site." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 55, no. 12 (December 2018): 1742–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2016-0699.

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The abandoned Manitou mine site produced acid mine drainage for decades. One of the site’s tailings storage facilities (TSF 2) was reclaimed in 2009 using an elevated water table combined with a monolayer cover made of low-sulphur tailings. A field investigation was undertaken from 2012 to 2015 to verify the performance of the reclamation technique in stemming the production of contaminants. This verification is based on two main criteria, i.e., the minimum water table level and maximum oxygen flux reaching the Manitou tailings. Thirteen monitoring stations were installed in TSF 2. The hydrogeological behavior and oxygen migration were investigated at each station by measuring volumetric water content, suction, water table level, gaseous pore oxygen concentration, and oxygen consumption. Analyses of field data showed that the minimum water table level criterion was reached with the exception of a portion of TSF 2 during the summer months. Oxygen fluxes reaching the Manitou tailings were determined using numerical simulations and analytical solutions; their yearly mean was many times lower than maximum targets generally used on reclaimed tailings disposal areas. The current system met the targeted performance criteria over the studied period.

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Santibañez, Claudia, Luz María de la Fuente, Elena Bustamante, Sergio Silva, Pedro León-Lobos, and Rosanna Ginocchio. "Potential Use of Organic- and Hard-Rock Mine Wastes on Aided Phytostabilization of Large-Scale Mine Tailings under Semiarid Mediterranean Climatic Conditions: Short-Term Field Study." Applied and Environmental Soil Science 2012 (2012): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/895817.

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The study evaluated the efficacy of organic- and hard-rock mine waste type materials on aided phytostabilization of Cu mine tailings under semiarid Mediterranean conditions in order to promote integrated waste management practices at local levels and to rehabilitate large-scale (from 300 to 3,000 ha) postoperative tailings storage facilities (TSFs). A field trial with 13 treatments was established on a TSF to test the efficacy of six waste-type locally available amendments (grape and olive residues, biosolids, goat manure, sediments from irrigation canals, and rubble from Cu-oxide lixiviation piles) during early phases of site rehabilitation. Results showed that, even though an interesting range of waste-type materials were tested, biosolids (100 t ha-1dry weight, d.w.) and grape residues (200 t ha-1d.w.), either alone or mixed, were the most suitable organic amendments when incorporated into tailings to a depth of 20 cm. Incorporation of both rubble from Cu-oxide lixiviation piles and goat manure into upper tailings also had effective results. All these treatments improved chemical and microbiological properties of tailings and lead to a significant increase in plant yield after three years from trial establishment. Longer-term evaluations are, however required to evaluate self sustainability of created systems without further incorporation of amendments.

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Suppes, Rudolf, and Soraya Heuss-Aßbichler. "How to Identify Potentials and Barriers of Raw Materials Recovery from Tailings? Part I: A UNFC-Compliant Screening Approach for Site Selection." Resources 10, no. 3 (March 16, 2021): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources10030026.

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Mapping the raw material (RM) potential of anthropogenic RMs, such as tailings, requires a comprehensive assessment and classification. However, a simple procedure to quickly screen for potentially viable RMs recovery projects similar to reconnaissance exploration of natural mineral RMs is missing. In this article, a quick and efficient approach to systematically screen tailings storage facilities (TSFs) is presented to evaluate if a particular TSF meets the criteria to be assessed in a more advanced study including costly on-site exploration. Based on aspects related to a TSF’s contents, physical structure, surroundings, potential environmental and social impacts, and potentially affected stakeholders, it guides its user in compiling the information at local scale in a structured manner compliant with the United Nations Framework Classification for Resources (UNFC). The test application to the TSF Bollrich (Germany), situated in a complex environment close to various stakeholders, demonstrates that a quick and remote assessment with publicly accessible information is possible. Since an assessment of tailings under conventional classification codes from the primary mining industry neglects relevant aspects, it is concluded that tailings should be considered as anthropogenic RMs. The developed screening approach can help to create a TSF inventory which captures project potentials and barriers comprehensively.

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Simion, A. F., C. Drebenstedt, and M. Lazar. "The Influence of Tailings Storage Facilities in the Eastern Part of Jiu Valley on the Water Quality." Mining Science and Technology 4, no. 4 (January 30, 2020): 292–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2500-0632-2019-4-292-301.

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Mining and sustainable development may be compatible with the priority of measures to reduce impacts on the major ecosystems with severe consequences for the future generations. Infiltration of contaminated water into soils/rocks due to activity of different sectors of mining industry causes increasing concentration of minor and major deleterious elements in natural environment, forcing an economic operator to implement the best available techniques to solve severe environmental problems. The research is aimed at determining heavy metal contents in tailings storage facilities of coal mining operations in the eastern part of JiuValley, revealing mechanism of interaction of the TSF infiltrate with EastJiuRiver, as well as assessing the impact of the TSF on quality of the natural environment. One more aim of the research was to determine the ways by which the TSF components produce negative impact on the soils and surface waters. The obtained results can be fundamental basis for the future researches in the field of closing and maintaining the mining activities in JiuValleyand the land reclamation.

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Wei, Zuoan, Guangzhi Yin, J. G. Wang, Ling Wan, and Guangzhi Li. "Design, construction and management of tailings storage facilities for surface disposal in China: case studies of failures." Waste Management & Research 31, no. 1 (October 11, 2012): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x12462281.

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Murao, S., K. Sera, Y. Ishikawa, S. Goto, C. Takahashi, S. Wongsomsak, R. Limsuwan, Y. Kawabe, and Y. Imoto. "PIXE analysis of water and tailings from lead-mining area in Kanchanaburi, Thailand." International Journal of PIXE 23, no. 03n04 (January 2013): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129083513410039.

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Water and tailings from lead-mining area in Kanchanaburi, Thailand were analyzed by PIXE to study how serious the alleged pollution was. Eleven water samples were collected in the field and were sealed in the tube after the pH < 2 was attained by ultrapure nitric acid. All of the samples were transported to Nishina Memorial Cyclotron Center of Japan Radioisotope Association and analyzed by its vacuum PIXE. The result showed that the water contains up to 25 ppb Pb with an average value 12 ppb. The value is lower than the environmental norm in Thailand (0.05 mg/L) but higher than that of WHO (10 μg/L = 0.01 mg/L). Tailings contain high amount of lead. Since resumption of mining is being considered to deliver the economic expectation of local people, it should be invested in treatment or containment within storage facilities. Also discharge of treated process water should be regularly monitored by competent agencies.

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Wang, Kun, Xiaofei Jing, Fan Feng, and Guangming Yu. "SPH modelling of dam breach run out flow for a site planning tailings storage facility." E3S Web of Conferences 303 (2021): 01051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130301051.

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Tailings storage facilities (TSFs) are being built globally for containing the chief solid waste stream from mining industry. Catastrophic TSF breach accidents have occurred frequently since the beginning of the 21st century, causing severe impacts on the environment, economy and community safety. The recent example is the 2019 Brumadinho accident in Brazil that released 12 million m3 of tailings and killed more than 249 people. The foreknowledge of the TSF breach run out overland flow can be crucial to prevent or minimize possible losses. Using the Digital Surface Model (DSM) terrain data and the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) numerical method, this study proposed a procedure to predict the routings of hypothetical TSF breach run out flow over downstream complex terrain. A case study of a planning TSF site in Guizhou Province of China was carried out to evaluate its applicability. The results suggested that the maximum routing distance of the TSF breach run out flow was 1.45 km. At 240 s, the run out flow began to impact the downstream viaduct piers with the maximum submerged depth of 3.3 m and the maximum impact force of 21.8 kPa. Essential protective measures were recommended before the TSF site construction. The proposed procedure is then recommended for the safety management of the TSFs globally.

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CUEVAS, JAIME G., SERGIO I. SILVA, PEDRO LEÓN-LOBOS, and ROSANNA GINOCCHIO. "Nurse effect and herbivory exclusion facilitate plant colonization in abandoned mine tailings storage facilities in north-central Chile." Revista chilena de historia natural 86, no. 1 (March 2013): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0716-078x2013000100006.

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Azadi, Mehdi, Mansour Edraki, Faezeh Farhang, and Jiwhan Ahn. "Opportunities for Mineral Carbonation in Australia’s Mining Industry." Sustainability 11, no. 5 (February 27, 2019): 1250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11051250.

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Carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) via mineral carbonation is an effective method for long-term storage of carbon dioxide and combating climate change. Implemented at a large-scale, it provides a viable solution to harvesting and storing the modern crisis of GHGs emissions. To date, technological and economic barriers have inhibited broad-scale utilisation of mineral carbonation at industrial scales. This paper outlines the mineral carbonation process; discusses drivers and barriers of mineral carbonation deployment in Australian mining; and, finally, proposes a unique approach to commercially viable CCUS within the Australian mining industry by integrating mine waste management with mine site rehabilitation, and leveraging relationships with local coal-fired power station. This paper discusses using alkaline mine and coal-fired power station waste (fly ash, red mud, and ultramafic mine tailings, i.e., nickel, diamond, PGE (platinum group elements), and legacy asbestos mine tailings) as the feedstock for CCUS to produce environmentally benign materials, which can be used in mine reclamation. Geographical proximity of mining operations, mining waste storage facilities and coal-fired power stations in Australia are identified; and possible synergies between them are discussed. This paper demonstrates that large-scale alkaline waste production and mine site reclamation can become integrated to mechanise CCUS. Furthermore, financial liabilities associated with such waste management and site reclamation could overcome many of the current economic setbacks of retrofitting CCUS in the mining industry. An improved approach to commercially viable climate change mitigation strategies available to the mining industry is reviewed in this paper.

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Andraos, Charlene, Wells Utembe, and Mary Gulumian. "Exceedance of environmental exposure limits to crystalline silica in communities surrounding gold mine tailings storage facilities in South Africa." Science of The Total Environment 619-620 (April 2018): 504–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.135.

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Tuomela, Anne, Anna-Kaisa Ronkanen, Pekka M. Rossi, Anssi Rauhala, Harri Haapasalo, and Kauko Kujala. "Using Geomembrane Liners to Reduce Seepage through the Base of Tailings Ponds—A Review and a Framework for Design Guidelines." Geosciences 11, no. 2 (February 17, 2021): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11020093.

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Geomembranes are used worldwide as basin liners in tailings ponds to decrease the permeability of the foundation and prevent further transportation of harmful contaminants and contaminated water. However, leakage into the environment and damage to the geomembrane have been reported. This paper reviews available literature and recommendations on geomembrane structures for use as a basal liner in tailings ponds, and presents a framework to achieve early involvement and an integrated approach to geomembrane structure design. Cohesive planning guidelines or legislative directions for such structures are currently lacking in many countries, which often means that the structure guidelines for groundwater protection or landfill are applied when designing tailings storage facilities (TSF). Basin structure is generally unique to each mine but, based on the literature, in the majority of cases the structure has a single-composite liner. The type of liner system used depends mainly on the material to be used on top of the structure, local hydraulic pressure gradient, and climate conditions. More practical information and scientific knowledge on the use of base liners in various cases are needed. A sustainable approach could be risk-based design, where the life cycle of the basin is taken into consideration. To this end, this paper proposes geomembrane-lined tailings pond to be assessed as a stakeholder. Emphasis on this, early enough, can ensure critical factors for tailings ponds to be considered from the outset in the design of mines and reduces the environmental footprint of the mining industry. More holistic project management and early involvement and integration are recommended to improve construction quality during the entire life cycle of the pond. In the long term, use of dry stacking or other alternative methods should be encouraged, despite the higher costs for operators.

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Sariev, A. Kh, N. Yu Cherbakova, and N. Yu Terentyeva. "Assessment of the Possibility of Biological Recultivation Tail Deposits in the Yenisei North." Ecology and Industry of Russia 25, no. 5 (May 12, 2021): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2021-5-39-45.

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The assessment of the possibility of creating a plant-soil cover on an artificially created seal-gravel drainage layer with a rocky bed (h=110¸150 cm), on the disturbed areas of the adjacent areas of tailings storage facilities. Research for 2017–2019 shows that when sowing recult-vants with sowing standards of 150–200 kg/ha and doses of fertilizer N60P60K60 and N120P60K60 on an artificial substrate it is possible to form meadow formations with a density of grass 10–12000 pc/m2 and average productivity of 21–24 c/ha. A plant-soil-blooded blood with a turf layer of 8–10 cm is created with the simultaneous overlap of heavy metals of man-made substrates and elimination of pulp sands dusting, which contributes to the improvement of the microclimate of the environment.

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Kamenetsky, E. S., A. A. Radionov, V. Yu Timchenko, O. S. Panaetova, and G. I. Sverdlik. "Mathematical modeling of dust propagation on mountain ravine walls from tailings storage facilities: A case-study of the Alagir Ravine." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, no. 11-1 (2020): 118–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-111-0-118-134.

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Andraos, C., W. Utembe, K. Dekker, H. Steyn, and M. Gulumian. "Possible non-cancer and cancer risk of communities surrounding gold mine tailings storage facilities in Gauteng and North-West due to silica dust inhalation." Toxicology Letters 259 (October 2016): S229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.549.

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Ewing, R. C., and W. Lutze. "Materials Science of Radioactive Waste Forms." MRS Bulletin 19, no. 12 (December 1994): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400048636.

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The materials science of radioactive waste forms and containment materials has long been a subject of interest to the Materials Research Society. One of the earliest (and continuing) MRS symposia, the Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management, has been held 18 times since 1978. This symposium rotates abroad every third year: Berlin in 1982, Stockholm in 1985, Berlin in 1988, Strasbourg in 1991, and Kyoto this past October. Nearly 170 papers were presented at the Kyoto meeting.Materials science issues for nuclear waste disposal are unique in their scale and consequences. The wastes include an extremely wide variety of materials: spent nuclear fuel from commercial and research reactors; high-level liquid waste produced at West Valley, New York, during the reprocessing of commercial spent nuclear fuel; high-level waste (HLW) generated by the nuclear weapons program; nearly pure plutonium from the dismantling of nuclear weapons; highly enriched uranium from weapons; low-level, medium-level, and mixed waste from laboratories and medical facilities; and, finally, mill tailings from uranium mines and the residues from chemical processing, such as the radium-bearing filtrate presently in storage at Fernald, Ohio, and Niagara Falls, New York. Some material can be simply stabilized and monitored in situ, as is done for most uranium mill tailings and residues, but other materials require retrieval, processing, immobilization, and permanent disposal. The volumes of material that will require handling, immobilization, and disposal are enormous. In the United States, much of the weapons program waste is stored in tanks at Hanford, Washington and Savannah River, South Carolina.

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Oguntoke, O., and H. J. Annegarn. "Effectiveness of mediation in the resolution of environmental complaints against the activities of gold mining industries in the Witwatersrand region." Clean Air Journal 24, no. 2 (December 3, 2014): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/caj/2014/24/2.7065.

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In the Witwatersrand gold mining area, there have been recurring public complaints about dust dispersed from gold tailings storage facilities (TSFs) that traverse the landscape. Although weather aggravates the frequency and intensity of dust emission from TSFs in the study area, the rapid conversion of buffer areas around the dumps to residential land–use is exposing more people to dust hazards. This study assessed the effectiveness of Crown Mines Dust Monitoring forum in Johannesburg as an alternative environmental dispute resolution mechanism. Records of complaints from 1995 to 2010 that were made available through the forum were collated and analysed with the aid of descriptive statistics. Within the study period, complaints about mine pollution were more frequent between August and October, i.e. the dry months. More than 70% of the complaints were made by companies whose properties, operations and employees were affected by dust emission from the TSFs. While 52% of the complainants reported pollution problems for the first time within the study period, other cases were follow-up to previous complaints. Mining companies responded to 31% of the public’s grievances about dust pollution from their facilities within one week and another 12% in two weeks; response to the remaining complaints took much longer time. As part of mines’ response to public complaints, site visits were organised to indicted facilities, and pollution control measures and mitigation plan adopted at sites were also explained. Moreover, additional control measures were installed in critical circumstances to ameliorate dust pollution. Only a few of the complaints reported to the forum escalated to litigation or issuance of penalty by government agency. Although, the forum provided an avenue for resolution of environmental conflicts in a pragmatic and mutually beneficial manner, the right of the public to a clean environment is still not being realised fully.

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Тарасов, В. Ю., O. І. Захарова, Р. Г. Заіка, and А. І. Захарова. "Analysis of the chemical safety state in the Luhansk region in the conditions of the warning conflict." ВІСНИК СХІДНОУКРАЇНСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ імені Володимира Даля, no. 7(255) (December 17, 2019): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33216/1998-7927-2019-255-7-72-79.

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The statistics of emergency situations in Ukraine for 2018 are analyzed. The total cost of damage caused by emergencies amounted to more than UAH 516 million. About 15% of the territory of Ukraine with a population of more than 10 million people is in a critical ecological state, in fact not favorable for living. It is shown that the most environmentally hazardous production (coke and metallurgical plants, power plants and chemical industry enterprises) are concentrated in the Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts. The production complex consists of 3995 enterprises, 7 of which are environmentally hazardous objects. Damage to technological installations can result in dangerous consequences for the population and the environment near the enterprises. Due to emergency emissions and discharges there is pollution of atmospheric air, surface and underground waters and soils. Storage tanks and sludges, storage sites for industrial waste, such as slag dumps, waste heaps, stocks of raw materials, etc. located on the territories of tailings storage facilities also cause environmental hazards. There is also the risk of contamination of the area outside the conflict zone and the Sea of Azov in the event of pollution of the Siversky Donets, Kalmius, Mius and Mokryy Yelanchyk rivers, which occur near the clash line and in areas beyond the control of the Government of Ukraine. As a result of the analysis of the state of chemical safety in Ukraine, the example of PrJSC «Severodonetsk Azot Association» shows the need to increase safety requirements and prepare new qualified personnel for radiation, chemical and biological protection. The necessity of attracting additional funds for ensuring the effectiveness of the actions of the territorial subsystems of the EGS GZ in the region in the conditions of emergencies, enhancing the readiness of the specialized fire fighting service of the city's civil protection to the actions for appointment, ensuring the timeliness and quality of carrying out work to save people, extinguishing fires, eliminating the consequences of emergencies , creation of the possibility of conducting search, rescue, restoration and friend services around the clock their urgent work.

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Le, Thi, Nóra Schreithofer, and Olli Dahl. "Dissolution Test Protocol for Estimating Water Quality Changes in Minerals Processing Plants Operating With Closed Water Circulation." Minerals 10, no. 8 (July 23, 2020): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10080653.

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To save freshwater resources and comply with environmental regulations, minerals processing operations are transitioning to partially or fully closed water circulation. However, the accumulation of electrolytes and the addition of reagents lead to changes in water composition and may compromise flotation performance and plant maintenance. As a consequence, costly modifications are often required to cope with these challenges. Therefore, knowledge about water quality variation owing to closed water circulation and its potential effect on the flotation performance is crucial. The experimental methodology presented in this paper targeted three main objectives: (1) predicting the tendency of the accumulation of elements and compounds into the process water during comminution, flotation, and storage in tailings facilities; (2) establishing a relationship between laboratory results and plant historical water quality data; and (3) predicting the potential effect of recycling water on flotation performance. The results obtained with Boliden Kevitsa ore showed a good correlation between the water matrix of the actual process water on-site and that obtained in the ore dissolution tests done in the laboratory. The final water composition came close to the process water in terms of major elements and some of the minor elements. Additionally, the work presented in this paper demonstrated that a dissolution loop allowed us to predict the potential impact of the recycling water on the ore flotability. This methodology could serve as an aid for predicting water quality matrix variation and designing closed water circulation systems at existing and new plants.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Tailing storage facilities'

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