Academic literature on the topic 'TAIL EQUIVALENT'
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Journal articles on the topic "TAIL EQUIVALENT"
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Pakes, Anthony G. "Convolution equivalence and infinite divisibility." Journal of Applied Probability 41, no. 2 (June 2004): 407–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1239/jap/1082999075.
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Known results relating the tail behaviour of a compound Poisson distribution function to that of its Lévy measure when one of them is convolution equivalent are extended to general infinitely divisible distributions. A tail equivalence result is obtained for random sum distributions in which the summands have a two-sided distribution.
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Pakes, Anthony G. "Convolution equivalence and infinite divisibility." Journal of Applied Probability 41, no. 02 (June 2004): 407–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002190020001439x.
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Known results relating the tail behaviour of a compound Poisson distribution function to that of its Lévy measure when one of them is convolution equivalent are extended to general infinitely divisible distributions. A tail equivalence result is obtained for random sum distributions in which the summands have a two-sided distribution.
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Fujimura, Kazuya, and Armen Der Kiureghian. "Tail-equivalent linearization method for nonlinear random vibration." Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics 22, no. 1 (January 2007): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.probengmech.2006.08.001.
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Woodruff, Madeleine Eloise, Rebecca Doyle, Grahame Coleman, Lauren Hemsworth, and Carolina Munoz. "Knowledge and attitudes are important factors in farmers’ choice of lamb tail docking length." Veterinary Record 186, no. 10 (January 20, 2020): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.105631.
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BackgroundTail docking is common practice in the sheep industry to prevent soiling of the breech and flystrike. To ensure optimal healing after tail docking and reduce the risk of arthritis, perineal cancers and prolapses, it is recommended to dock tails equivalent to the length of the vulva. However, recent studies have found that some tails are docked too short (24–86 per cent).MethodsTo address this issue, this study aimed to identify key drivers behind tail docking length decisions. Two focus groups, phone (n=30) and online surveys (n=21) were conducted in regional Victoria, Australia to examine farmer knowledge of and attitudes towards appropriate lamb tail length and barriers to best practice. The focus group data were analysed qualitatively, and the surveys were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively.ResultsIn total, 57 per cent of farmers were classed as docking tails short. Short tail docking appeared to be influenced by unawareness of the recommended length and docking at a length that shearers approve of. Other potential factors included lack of knowledge of negative health consequences associated with short tails, importance placed on dag and flystrike prevention, and impracticality of measuring where to dock.ConclusionAddressing these factors in future education and intervention programmes may improve tail docking practice and sheep welfare.
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Broccardo, Marco, and Armen Der Kiureghian. "Multicomponent Nonlinear Stochastic Dynamic Analysis by Tail-Equivalent Linearization." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 142, no. 3 (March 2016): 04015100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0001026.
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Perline, Richard. "Mixed Poisson distributions tail equivalent to their mixing distributions." Statistics & Probability Letters 38, no. 3 (June 1998): 229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-7152(98)00019-4.
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Raoufi, Reza, and Mohsen Ghafory-Ashtiany. "Nonlinear random vibration using updated tail equivalent linearization method." International Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering 6, no. 1 (March 2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40091-014-0045-6.
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Hager, Emily R., and Hopi E. Hoekstra. "Tail Length Evolution in Deer Mice: Linking Morphology, Behavior, and Function." Integrative and Comparative Biology 61, no. 2 (April 19, 2021): 385–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icab030.
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Abstract Determining how variation in morphology affects animal performance (and ultimately fitness) is key to understanding the complete process of evolutionary adaptation. Long tails have evolved many times in arboreal and semi-arboreal rodents; in deer mice, long tails have evolved repeatedly in populations occupying forested habitat even within a single species (Peromyscus maniculatus). Here, we use a combination of functional modeling, laboratory studies, and museum records to test hypotheses about the function of tail-length variation in deer mice. First, we use computational models, informed by museum records documenting natural variation in tail length, to test whether differences in tail morphology between forest and prairie subspecies can influence performance in behavioral contexts relevant for tail use. We find that the deer- mouse tail plays little role in statically adjusting center of mass or in correcting body pitch and yaw, but rather it can affect body roll during arboreal locomotion. In this context, we find that even intraspecific tail-length variation could result in substantial differences in how much body rotation results from equivalent tail motions (i.e., tail effectiveness), but the relationship between commonly-used metrics of tail-length variation and effectiveness is non-linear. We further test whether caudal vertebra length, number, and shape are associated with differences in how much the tail can bend to curve around narrow substrates (i.e., tail curvature) and find that, as predicted, the shape of the caudal vertebrae is associated with intervertebral bending angle across taxa. However, although forest and prairie mice typically differ in both the length and number of caudal vertebrae, we do not find evidence that this pattern is the result of a functional trade-off related to tail curvature. Together, these results highlight how even simple models can both generate and exclude hypotheses about the functional consequences of trait variation for organismal-level performance.
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Welcome, D. E., K. Krajnak, M. L. Kashon, and R. G. Dong. "An investigation on the biodynamic foundation of a rat tail vibration model." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 222, no. 7 (October 1, 2008): 1127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544119jeim419.
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The objectives of this study are to examine the fundamental characteristics of the biodynamic responses of a rat tail to vibration and to compare them with those of human fingers. Vibration transmission through tails exposed to three vibration magnitudes (1 g, 5 g, and 10 g r.m.s.) at six frequencies (32 Hz, 63 Hz, 125 Hz, 160 Hz, 250 Hz, and 500 Hz) was measured using a laser vibrometer. A mechanical-equivalent model of the tail was established on the basis of the transmissibility data, which was used to estimate the biodynamic deformation and vibration power absorption at several representative locations on the tail. They were compared with those derived from a mechanical-equivalent model of human fingers reported in the literature. This study found that, similar to human fingers, the biodynamic responses of the rat tail depends on the vibration magnitude, frequency, and measurement location. With the restraint method used in this study, the natural frequency of the rat tail is in the range 161–368 Hz, which is mostly within the general range of human finger resonant frequencies (100–350 Hz). However, the damping ratios of the rat tail at the unconstrained locations are from 0.094 to 0.394, which are lower than those of human fingers (0.708–0.725). Whereas the biodynamic responses of human fingers at frequencies lower than 100 Hz could be significantly influenced by the biodynamics of the entire hand—arm system, the rat tail biodynamic responses can be considered independent of the rat body in the frequency range used in this study. Based on these findings it is concluded that, although there are some differences between the frequency dependences of the biodynamic responses of the rat tail and human fingers, the rat tail model can provide a practical and reasonable approach to examine the relationships between the biodynamic and biological responses at midrange to high frequencies, and to understand the mechanisms underlying vibration-induced finger disorders.
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Broccardo, Marco, and Armen Der Kiureghian. "Nonlinear stochastic dynamic analysis by evolutionary tail-equivalent linearization method." Structural Safety 90 (May 2021): 102044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2020.102044.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "TAIL EQUIVALENT"
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Prieto, Gastón. "”¿Me pasarías la blåbärssylt?” : Lexikaliskt inskott och genusval: hur infödda talare av spanska väljer grammatiskt genus när de skjuter in svenska substantiv i spanskt tal." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Centrum för tvåspråkighetsforskning, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-169410.
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När en infödd talare av spanska med hög behärskningsnivå i svenska samtalar med en annan individ med liknande språkbakgrund är det inte sällan fraser som ”¿me pasarías la blåbärssylt?” (”kan du skicka blåbärssylten, tack?”) uppstår. Lexikaliskt inskott (eng. noun insertion), d.v.s. att skjuta in substantiv från andraspråket i för övrigt förstaspråksdominerat tal, är ett vanligt förekommande fenomen hos tvåspråkiga. Men vad händer när de två samspelande språken har asymmetriska genussystem som spanskans och svenskans? Vilket spanskt grammatiskt genus ska man då tillskriva de inskjutna svenska enheterna som ”blåbärssylt” i rubriken? Och vad är det som styr dessa val? Två hypoteser ställs upp för att försöka få svar på dessa frågor: genusvalet styrs i större utsträckning av det inskjutna substantivets ändelsemorfem, eller så styrs det i större utsträckning av dess översättningsmotsvarighet. För att testa dessa två hypoteser genomfördes ett experiment med 30 infödda spansktalare med svenska som andraspråk där de ombads attribuera ett spanskt grammatiskt genus, maskulinum eller femininum, till en del svenska substantiv i två olika uppgifter, en lucktext och en ordlista. Resultaten visade att både de olika stimuliordens ändelsemorfem och översättningsmotsvarighet spelade en signifikativ roll för val av grammatiskt genus, och att översättningsmotsvarighet hade en relativt större påverkan på genusvalet jämfört med ändelsemorfem. Detta kan eventuellt peka på att genus hos infödda spansktalare upplevs som en inherent egenskap hos själva referenten, med påtagliga konsekvenser för hur de ser på och tänker kring omvärlden.
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Adolfsson, Linnea. "Talets och undertextens olika nyanser : En undersökning av strykningar utav modalitet och uttryck för värderingar i adaptionen från tal till undertext." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Svenska, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-40850.
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The communication regarding the new corona-virus raises questions about availability and plain language. In Sweden, approximately 1.5 million people are in need of this communication through written language due to, inter alia, hearing impairment. Although subtitles are considered one of the most read genres today, it has received little focus in Swedish linguistic research, especially when it comes to intralingual subtitles. However, the communication through subtitles is limited and can lead to information loss. In Sweden, SVT as a public service channel has special requirements to maintain good quality in subtitles but nonetheless omissions are a prerequisite. However, this must never affect the loss of important information. Modality is considered within the Systemic-Functional Linguistics as linguistic tools to create opportunities to shift communication in different degrees and directions. A similar shift in degree can occur in expressions of valuation and opinions. Therefore, modality and valuation are interesting and important to study in a well-known TV- show that communicates, informs and debates about a social-crisis like the Corona-virus. This paper examines modality and expressions of valuation in the adaption from speech to subtitles in the Swedish news-program Agenda (SVT) reporting on the Corona-virus in Sweden and the world. Through the subtitling-shift model created by Sahlin (2001), I examine the omissions of modality and the expressions of valuation. The results show that the communication in subtitles have a weaker emphasis of conflicting opinions, are more objectively constructed and that there is a shift in nuances.
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jacobs, Melissa 1968. "Job insecurity: assessment, causes and consequences in a South African gold mining group." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9066.
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Job insecurity in the workplace has become an increasingly important trend in organisational research. The appraisal of job insecurity by individuals plays a significant part in how reactions manifest in the experiences of workplace stressors, job satisfaction, positive and negative work attributes and social support. However, there is a lack of research regarding specific workplace stressors at work leading to certain outcomes like safety behaviour, turnover intention and mental health, especially within a South African working context. Job insecurity has also been classified as a workplace stressor. The existence of other stressors tends to increase the ultimate effect of insecurity for the individual. The attempts from organisational management to manage this phenomenon are therefore crucial in decreasing the negative effects of job insecurity and increasing the productivity of the organisation. In order to measure the job insecurity levels of employees, it is important to make use of valid and reliable job insecurity measures. An absence of empirical research on validity and reliability studies in terms of job insecurity in South African is evident.
The main objectives of this research were: 1) to establish the psychometric properties of a measure of job insecurity in a selected gold mining company in South Africa; 2) to determine the influence of job insecurity and work stress (i.e. role conflict, clarity and overload) on worker safety performance and if coping could moderate this; 3) to investigate the theoretical and empirical relationships between job stressors (task completion ambiguity and task quality ambiguity), competency demands, employability perceptions, job satisfaction and turnover intention over time, and 4) to investigate if social support has a mediating effect between positive interpersonal attributes, negative interpersonal attributes, job insecurity and subsequent health.
To achieve the first objective, a cross-sectional design was used (N = 566), including various business units of a South African-based gold mining company. The assessment of the psychometric properties of a measure of quantitative and qualitative job insecurity for employees was determined through construct (structural) equivalence, exploratory factor analysis and multivariate analysis of variance to calculate the comparison of the factor structure for the different cultural groups. For qualitative job insecurity, the scale shows low equivalence for the African languages group. Statistically significant differences were found between the levels of job insecurity of employees in terms of gender.
The second objective, concerning the investigation into the relationship of work stress and job insecurity with unsafe behaviour at work, was achieved with across-sectional survey design (N = 771). The hypothesised model included the influence of role conflict, role ambiguity, role overload, and job insecurity on unsafe work behaviour. Coping was introduced as a moderator in this relationship. The results indicated that when employees experience work stress and job insecurity, their safety compliance is low. This relationship was also moderated by a coping strategy of Avoidance.
To achieve the third objective, a longitudinal study was conducted and data was gathered by means of an electronic survey, with 771 employees participating at Time 1, and 345 participating at Time 2. Results for predicting employees’ turnover intentions, experience of task completion and quality ambiguity, external employability and job satisfaction made a direct contribution in predicting their turnover intention. No mediating role of job satisfaction between job stressors, competency demands and employability perceptions on the one hand and turnover intentions on the other hand, were found.
Addressing the fourth objective in investigating the moderating role of social support between the relationship of experiencing positive interpersonal (communication with the manager and feedback), negative interpersonal experiences (powerlessness and interpersonal conflict), job insecurity (quantitative and qualitative) and health, was met with a longitudinal random sample of employees in different business units in one selected multi-national mining company based in South Africa (N = 771). Results for these employees indicated that all the proposed variables, except feedback from the manager, were statistically significantly related to health. No moderating effect for social support could be found over time, but it was shown that interpersonal conflict at work is a longitudinal predictor of employee health.
By way of conclusion, the implications of the research were discussed and recommendations for managers and for future research were made.Thesis (PhD (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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BRAGA, ANIKA. "INTERVENTI NEL PROCESSO DI PRODUZIONE DELLE BEVANDE FERMENTATE PER UN MIGLIORAMENTO GUSTO - OLFATTIVO E IGIENICO - SANITARIO DEI PRODOTTI." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/421.
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I microrganismi selezionati sono impiegati non solo per il processo di trasformazione della materia grezza in prodotto fermentato, ma anche per migliorare la shelf-life, il gusto, l’aroma, la sicurezza e il valore nutrizionale dei prodotti. La globalizzazione del mercato ha portato a considerare non solo i prodotti tipici popolari europei, come per esempio il vino, ma anche i prodotti tipici dei paesi non europei come la cassava. Per quanto riguarda il settore enologico lo scopo della ricerca è quello di migliorare un tipico vino: l'Ortrugo dei Colli Piacentini con ceppi autoctoni di Saccaromyces cerevisiae. Nelle fermentazioni spontanee i lieviti sono associati all'area geografica, alle condizioni climatiche e alla varietà di vitigno. Alcuni ricercatori sostengono che il micro-ambiente è caratterizzato da specifi Saccaromyces cerevisiae che possono influenzare gli aromi dell'uva. Sfortunatamente le fermentazioni spontanee possono causare aromi indesiderati e arresti fermentativi. L'inoculo del mosto con lieviti selezionati è ormai una pratica consolidata per eliminare i rischi delle fermentazioni spontanee, ma questi lieviti non riescono a enfatizzare le caratteristiche della varietà di uva in quanto derivano da ecosistemi differenti. Nasce quindi l'esigenza di utilizzare ceppi starter autoctoni selezionati, isolati dalle microaree dove i vini sono prodotti in quanto tali ceppi sono potenzialmente meglio adattati a svilupparsi in uno specifico microambiente e meglio esaltano la tipologia di un particolare prodotto. Per quanto riguarda la cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) microrganismi selezionati possono essere utilizzati per ridurre la concentrazione di glucoside cianogenetico (linamarina e lotaustralina), molecole tossiche. il consumo di cassava e dei suoi prodotti può causare avvelenamento da cianide con sintomi di vomito, nausea, debolezza e occasionalmente la morte. L'introduzione di cianide tramite il consumo di cassava è quasi certamente la causa dell'insorgenza di neuropatie come per esempio il Konzo (irreversibile paralisi alle gambe) che colpisce particolari zone dell'Africa. La World Health Organisation (WHO)ha stabilito il livello di sicurezza di cianide nella farina di cassava a 10 ppm (FAO/WHO, 1991).Selected microrganisms are important as agents of the main processes of transformation of the raw materials in fermented product but also as responsible of the improvement in the shelf-life, texture, taste, aroma, as well as safety and nutritional value. The market globalization made us to consider not only popular food and/or beverage in Europe but also in non European countries. In this research I consider wine and cassava products. As regards wine the aim is to improve the Ortrugo wine typicalness by Saccaromyces cerevisiae autochtonous strains. In spontaneous fermentations the yeasts vary according to geography location, climatic conditions and/or grape variety. Some researchers believe that each micro-environment is characterised by specific Saccaromyces cerevisiae that may enhance the grape flavours. Unfortunately spontaneous fermentations may cause off-flavours and fermentation stuck. The selected yeast inoculum in must is one of the consolidated practices to eliminate the risks of spontaneous fermentation, but these yeast are not able to emphasise the characters of grape variety because they are from different ecosystems. Autochthonous yeasts e.g. yeasts isolated from a definite micro-environment are adapted to operate in a must whose characteristics are determined by the variety of the grapes and the “terroir” and, therefore, they able to enhance the peculiarities of a wine. As regards the cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) selected microorganisms will be used to reduce the cyanogenic glucosides (mainly linamarin and lotaustralin) toxic molecules. Consumption of cassava and its products may cause cyanide poisoning with symptoms of vomiting, nausea, dizziness, stomach pains, weakness, headache and diarrhoea and occasionally death. Cyanide intake from cassava is almost certainly the cause of Konzo (irreversible paralysis of the legs) in eastern, central and southern Africa. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has set the safe level of cyanogens in cassava flour at 10 ppm (FAO/WHO, 1991).
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BRAGA, ANIKA. "INTERVENTI NEL PROCESSO DI PRODUZIONE DELLE BEVANDE FERMENTATE PER UN MIGLIORAMENTO GUSTO - OLFATTIVO E IGIENICO - SANITARIO DEI PRODOTTI." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/421.
Full textAbstract:
I microrganismi selezionati sono impiegati non solo per il processo di trasformazione della materia grezza in prodotto fermentato, ma anche per migliorare la shelf-life, il gusto, l’aroma, la sicurezza e il valore nutrizionale dei prodotti. La globalizzazione del mercato ha portato a considerare non solo i prodotti tipici popolari europei, come per esempio il vino, ma anche i prodotti tipici dei paesi non europei come la cassava. Per quanto riguarda il settore enologico lo scopo della ricerca è quello di migliorare un tipico vino: l'Ortrugo dei Colli Piacentini con ceppi autoctoni di Saccaromyces cerevisiae. Nelle fermentazioni spontanee i lieviti sono associati all'area geografica, alle condizioni climatiche e alla varietà di vitigno. Alcuni ricercatori sostengono che il micro-ambiente è caratterizzato da specifi Saccaromyces cerevisiae che possono influenzare gli aromi dell'uva. Sfortunatamente le fermentazioni spontanee possono causare aromi indesiderati e arresti fermentativi. L'inoculo del mosto con lieviti selezionati è ormai una pratica consolidata per eliminare i rischi delle fermentazioni spontanee, ma questi lieviti non riescono a enfatizzare le caratteristiche della varietà di uva in quanto derivano da ecosistemi differenti. Nasce quindi l'esigenza di utilizzare ceppi starter autoctoni selezionati, isolati dalle microaree dove i vini sono prodotti in quanto tali ceppi sono potenzialmente meglio adattati a svilupparsi in uno specifico microambiente e meglio esaltano la tipologia di un particolare prodotto. Per quanto riguarda la cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) microrganismi selezionati possono essere utilizzati per ridurre la concentrazione di glucoside cianogenetico (linamarina e lotaustralina), molecole tossiche. il consumo di cassava e dei suoi prodotti può causare avvelenamento da cianide con sintomi di vomito, nausea, debolezza e occasionalmente la morte. L'introduzione di cianide tramite il consumo di cassava è quasi certamente la causa dell'insorgenza di neuropatie come per esempio il Konzo (irreversibile paralisi alle gambe) che colpisce particolari zone dell'Africa. La World Health Organisation (WHO)ha stabilito il livello di sicurezza di cianide nella farina di cassava a 10 ppm (FAO/WHO, 1991).Selected microrganisms are important as agents of the main processes of transformation of the raw materials in fermented product but also as responsible of the improvement in the shelf-life, texture, taste, aroma, as well as safety and nutritional value. The market globalization made us to consider not only popular food and/or beverage in Europe but also in non European countries. In this research I consider wine and cassava products. As regards wine the aim is to improve the Ortrugo wine typicalness by Saccaromyces cerevisiae autochtonous strains. In spontaneous fermentations the yeasts vary according to geography location, climatic conditions and/or grape variety. Some researchers believe that each micro-environment is characterised by specific Saccaromyces cerevisiae that may enhance the grape flavours. Unfortunately spontaneous fermentations may cause off-flavours and fermentation stuck. The selected yeast inoculum in must is one of the consolidated practices to eliminate the risks of spontaneous fermentation, but these yeast are not able to emphasise the characters of grape variety because they are from different ecosystems. Autochthonous yeasts e.g. yeasts isolated from a definite micro-environment are adapted to operate in a must whose characteristics are determined by the variety of the grapes and the “terroir” and, therefore, they able to enhance the peculiarities of a wine. As regards the cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) selected microorganisms will be used to reduce the cyanogenic glucosides (mainly linamarin and lotaustralin) toxic molecules. Consumption of cassava and its products may cause cyanide poisoning with symptoms of vomiting, nausea, dizziness, stomach pains, weakness, headache and diarrhoea and occasionally death. Cyanide intake from cassava is almost certainly the cause of Konzo (irreversible paralysis of the legs) in eastern, central and southern Africa. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has set the safe level of cyanogens in cassava flour at 10 ppm (FAO/WHO, 1991).
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Sessa, Salvatore. "Application of the Tail-Equivalent Linearization Method for Stochastic Dynamic Analysis with Asymmetric Hysteresis." Tesi di dottorato, 2008. http://www.fedoa.unina.it/3329/1/Sessa_Salvatore.pdf.
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The tail-equivalent linearization method (TELM) is used to investigate the stationary response of a system having a highly asymmetric hysteretic behavior and subjected to a discretized white-noise excitation. The equivalent linear system is defined by equating its tail probability with the first-order approximation of the tail probability of the nonlinear response. The equivalent linear system is determined in a non-parametric form in terms of its impulse response function, which depends on the response threshold of interest. The method is able to capture the non-Gaussian and asymmetric distribution of both the point-in-time response and the extreme response over a time interval (the first-passage probability) for large thresholds (small exceedance probabilities), which are of interest in reliability analysis.
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Tsai, Ming-Shu, and 蔡明樹. "Development of an Advanced Alongwind Equivalent Static Design Wind Loads for Tall Buildings." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06885000154122586688.
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博士淡江大學
土木工程學系博士班
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The wind loading of a tall building can be divided into three components: alongwind, acrosswind and torsional wind loads. For the alongwind load, it is induced by the mean wind speed pressure and the turbulence characteristics of the approach flow. It is generally accepted that analytical model basing on quasi-steady theorem and strip theory can adequately predict the alongwind loading, and thus it was adopted by many building wind codes. As for the acrosswind and torsional wind loads, they are mainly induced by the wake flow. The mechanisms are complicated and can not be adequately modeled by analytical or semi-empirical models. For the present Taiwan building wind code, the Gust Response Factor used in the alongwind design wind load is fixed-value calculated, based on the structure natural frequency and turbulence characteristics. Nevertheless, for a flexible tall building, the dynamic resonant part of the response plays a significant role in the design wind load. It is observed that the spatial distribution of the resonant part loading is different from the mean wind load and dynamic background part wind load. Hence, this project investigates the appropriateness of the current alongwind design wind load practice for a flexible tall building, and provides an alternative with a more precise procedure. This search also implemented a series of wind tunnel testing to measure the tall buildings’ wind loads in turbulent boundary layers designated by the current Taiwan building wind code. A modified procedure for alongwind design wind load is proposed with the following conditions: (1)The mean and dynamic wind forces on the windward face follow the strip theory strictly; the wind forces on the leeward face assumed to be uniform; (2)The spatial correlation effect on the background part of equivalent static wind load is amended by a correlation reduction factor; (3)The resonant part is distributed based on the distribution of the inertia force. In order to investigate a more clearer picture on wind load characteristics of rectangular shaped tall buildings, pressure models were established and tested in a boundary layer wind tunnel. Three turbulent boundary layer flows with power law index α=0.32, 0.25, 0.15, respectively, were created. The geometry variations of the pressure models in wind tunnel test are: aspect ratio 3, 4, 5, 6, 7; side ratios 1/5, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, 1/1, 2/1, 3/1, 4/1, 5/1. Numerical study is then performed on 6 different prototype buildings in 3 kinds of flow fields. The geometry variations of the buildings are: aspect ratio = 3, 6; side ratios D/B = 1/3, 1/1, 3/1 and the buildings’ heights are 90m and 180m. The equivalent static wind load based on the semi-empirical formulation is compared with the current Taiwan wind code and wind tunnel measurement. The outcome reflects that, in terrain A and B, the present design wind load model is closed to wind tunnel’s and is much more accurate than the present Taiwan wind code. But the present design wind load model is lower than wind tunnel results in terrain C. It’s shown that the assumptions of the wind load and the semi-empirical model using the assumptions are more precise procedures to evaluate alongwind design wind load of tall buildings.
Books on the topic "TAIL EQUIVALENT"
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Oliveira, Ricardo Puziol de, Isabela Zara Cremonezi, Daniele Peralta, Marcos Vinícius de Oliveira Peres, and Juliano Katayama Groff. ANÁLISE DA DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE DIAS CHUVOSOS NA REGIÃO SUL DO BRASIL EM TERMOS DE PROBABILIDADE. Bookerfield Editora, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53268/bkf21060901.
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A análise da distribuição dos períodos chuvosos baseada na precipitação diária é cada vez mais importante para a população de uma dada região e tais análises podem ser utilizadas para a finalidade de tomada de decisões e/ou previsões. Neste sentido é importante avaliar o desempenho de várias distribuições de probabilidade para melhor descrever o comportamento do comprimento de dias chuvosos. Na literatura, os modelos de probabilidade tradicionais como as distribuições de probabilidade geométrica (G), Poisson truncada em zero (ZTP), logarítmica (LG) e binomial negativa truncada em zero (ZTNB) são os mais comuns nesse tipo de análise. Este artigo identificou duas distribuições discretas univariadas obtidas pelo método de Nakagawa e Osaki (1975), as distribuições de probabilidade truncadas em zero Lindley (ZTDL) e quasiLindley (ZTQLD), como boas possíveis alternativas para as distribuições ZTP, ZTNB e G. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que as distribuições ZTDL e ZTDQL são muito promissoras para a modelagem dos comprimentos de períodos chuvosos com ajustes equivalentes/superior aos modelos ZTP, ZTNB e G.
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Las dinámicas de la violencia contra las mujeres y el amor en los jóvenes. Teseo, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.55778/ts502916514.
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<p>¿Decir que el amor todo lo puede equivale a pensar que en el amor todo está permitido? Y en tal caso, ¿cuál es su límite? ¿Se puede pensar la violencia por fuera del amor? ¿Será que la violencia existe porque la forma en la que amamos la incluye?</p><p>La investigación, centrada en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (2012-2014), describe, por un lado, las dinámicas de la violencia contra las mujeres en relación con el amor, que se manifiesta en ciertas relaciones de noviazgo heterosexuales juveniles de clase media; y, por otro lado, los efectos que estas dinámicas generan sobre los cuerpos de los jóvenes que están de novios.</p><p>Se examinan comparativamente las interacciones, prácticas y discursos de violencia contra las mujeres y el amor según las perspectivas de los varones y mujeres que están de novios; se describen las representaciones que tienen sobre el cuerpo, el amor, el noviazgo y la violencia los varones y las mujeres que integran estos noviazgos; y se aborda cómo los jóvenes perciben los efectos de la violencia y el amor sobre sus cuerpos.</p>
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Leite, Maria José de Holanda. Co-produtos da extração de vermiculita na produção de mudas de espécies arbóreas da Caatinga. Editora Amplla, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51859/amplla.cpe535.1121-0.
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A degradação ambiental ocorre principalmente nas regiões áridas, semiáridas e subúmidas secas do planeta, e resulta de fatores climáticos e antrópicos tais como as atividades pecuárias, de agricultura e de mineração (LIMA, 2004). Especificamente na região semiárida do nordeste do Brasil, que se estende por mais de 980 km2 distribuídos em todos os Estados nordestinos (exceto o Maranhão) e no norte de Minas Gerais, o desequilíbrio ambiental atinge mais de 20 milhões de hectares, o que equivale a mais de 12% da região Nordeste e quase 22% da região semiárida nordestina (MEDEIROS et al., 2012; SILVA et al., 2004). Estes autores informam que este quadro é mais crítico no Ceará e na Paraíba, onde a degradação ambiental é observada em mais da metade dos seus territórios. Esta degradação tem um forte componente humano, pois 21,3 milhões de habitantes habitam essa região, além dos rebanhos constituídos de 23,9 milhões de bovinos, 8,8 milhões de caprinos e 8,0 milhões de ovinos que se alimentam da vegetação nativa (IBGE, 2007; MEDEIROS et al., 2012), sendo por isso considerada a região semiárida mais populosa e com maior grau de antropismo do planeta (DRUMOND et al., 2000). As atividades humanas, tais como a pecuária e a mineração praticadas de maneira inadequada, podem desencadear processos de degradação ambiental, caracterizada pelo empobrecimento da flora e da fauna, erosão do solo e deterioração da qualidade da água dos rios e dos reservatórios (AZEVÊDO, 2011). Especificamente no solo, a densidade e a porosidade da camada superficial são os atributos mais prejudicados e precisam ser melhorados para favorecer a regeneração da vegetação, pois desequilíbrios nesses atributos prejudicam o desenvolvimento do sistema radicular e no estabelecimento e crescimento das plantas (NUNES, 2012). A mineração é uma atividade de forte impacto ambiental, pois implica geralmente na remoção da camada superficial do solo na área da jazida e na deposição superficial de rejeitos (BARRETO, 2001). A exploração da vermiculita, um produto utilizado na construção civil, melhoria das propriedades físicas de solos agrícolas, produção de cerâmica e remediação de solos contaminados por petróleo (NASCIMENTO, 2008). Há várias jazidas em exploração na região Nordeste do Brasil, uma delas no município de Santa Luzia-PB. Em visita à Mineradora Pedra Lavrada, que extrai a vermiculita no município de Santa Luzia, constatou-se a presença de crateras resultantes da extração do minério e a deposição de rejeitos no entorno da unidade de beneficiamento. Estes rejeitos não têm valor comercial que justifique o seu processamento. Este material de menor valor, doravante denominado de coproduto, afeta diretamente o ambiente pela ocupação de áreas de Caatinga, causando poluição visual e soterrando a vegetação nativa. Além disto, provoca efeitos indiretos no ambiente quando é carreado pelo vento e pelas águas pluviais, poluindo a água e assoreando rios e reservatórios. Este material de menor valor comercial é gerado quando a rocha é moída, e a vermiculita é separada de acordo com a sua granulometria. Dos cinco co-produtos gerados, apenas os de menor granulometria (poeira fina e ultrafina) são compatíveis para a produção de mudas, pois as pedras e pedaços menos friáveis do minério não apresentam, por motivos óbvios, potencial para a nutrição de plantas. Estes dois co-produtos provêm de um material friável do grupo das micas que formam silicato hidratado de magnésio, ferro e alumínio e constitui uma fonte de Ca, K e Mg para as plantas (NASCIMENTO, 2008). A utilização destes co-produtos se mostrou adequada para compor até 50% do substrato de produção de mudas de maracujá Passiflora edulis Sims. f. flavicarpa Deg.) (LEITE, 2012) e pinhão manso (Jatropha curcas L.) (TRAJANO, 2010), propiciando ao substrato boas características de porosidade e capacidade de retenção de umidade, o que sugere a possibilidade de seu uso na produção de mudas de outras espécies. As mudas produzidas com estes co-produtos poderiam ser direcionadas para plantios em geral ou para a revegetação de áreas degradadas pela mineração, num círculo virtuoso em que a degradação ambiental provocada pela mineração em si e pela deposição dos co-produtos no ambiente seria parcialmente revertida pela utilização dos co-produtos gerados.
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Reséndiz Pacheco, Oscar, Eleonora Romero Vadillo, Madelein Galindo de la Cruz, David Morillón Gálvez, Miguel Ángel Alatorre Mendieta, and Rodolfo Silva Casarín. Impact of the Ocean on the Climate of Coastal Zones of Mexico. EPOMEX-UAC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26359/epomex.cemie052022.
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En México, desde el año 2000, la demanda de energía primaria ha tenido un crecimiento de un 25 %, paralelamente con la expansión económica, siendo el petróleo, el gas natural y el carbón los combustibles fósiles dominantes en la generación de esta energía, cubriendo aproximadamente un 90 % de la demanda. Entre estos combustibles, el petróleo ha sido el más empleado en nuestro país en las últimas dos décadas, con 96,4 millones de toneladas equivalentes de petróleo (Mtoe) (iea, 2016), por ende, el costo tarifario de energía eléctrica es muy alto. En las zonas costeras del país es indispensable un sistema de climatización (aire acondicionado) en cada una de las viviendas para lograr tener un confort térmico. La presencia de estos equipos es mucho más alta en regiones de sensación cálida extrema, donde el 48 % de las viviendas tiene al menos un equipo de aire acondicionado. En total se contabilizan poco más de 7 millones de equipos de aire acondicionado en uso, en viviendas particulares en el país. El número de equipos de aire acondicionado por región climática varía, identificando que la mayor concentración se da en la región cálida extrema. (inegi, 2018). El uso de estos equipos, ocasiona un gran impacto en las finanzas de los usuarios por el alto gasto por consumo de energía eléctrica. (Galindo, 2020). Esta demanda de energía tendrá consecuencias significativas en el abastecimiento energético para las futuras generaciones. Es por esto que se buscan formas innovadoras de ahorro de energía que ayuden a resolver la problemática del gasto excesivo en el consumo eléctrico en construcciones específicamente localizadas en la costa de la República Mexicana. Tal es el caso de la ventilación natural, que como su nombre lo indica, mediante la circulación de aire a temperatura ambiente, busca obtener el confort térmico de las personas dentro de un edificio de forma natural, sin necesidad de consumir energía complementaria convencional para que esto se lleve a cabo. Con base a lo antes mencionado, es de importancia mejorar la eficiencia energética de las viviendas, a través de estrategias para el uso adecuado de la energía, ya que actualmente las viviendas tipo de interés social, construidas en México, no consideran en sus propuestas arquitectónicas el diseño, ni los materiales adecuados para que su función sea la ideal, de acuerdo a las características del clima de cada región. El presente libro aporta una perspectiva del impacto de océano en el clima de las zonas costeras, con base a mapas y gráficos históricos del clima de los estados costeros del país, con la finalidad de analizar las zonas costeras del país e identificar los estados más idóneos para el aprovechamiento de los vientos locales o brisa marina, como recurso energético que pueda ser aprovechado en la arquitectura bioclimática y de esta manera aportar al diseño de viviendas que resulten menos dependientes de la energía convencional, así como de otras energías renovables. En el primer capítulo se describe la metodología para el desarrollo de los mapas climáticos, describiendo la información que fue seleccionada, también se hace mención de las herramientas y software aplicados en la realización de estos. En el segundo capítulo se presentan los mapas climáticos, así como sus gráficos correspondientes a la temperatura máxima promedio, temperatura mínima promedio, precipitación y evaporación.
Book chapters on the topic "TAIL EQUIVALENT"
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Broccardo, Marco, Umberto Alibrandi, Ziqi Wang, and Luca Garrè. "The Tail Equivalent Linearization Method for Nonlinear Stochastic Processes, Genesis and Developments." In Springer Series in Reliability Engineering, 109–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52425-2_6.
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Broccardo, M., and A. Der Kiureghian. "Non-stationary stochastic dynamic analysis by tail-equivalent linearization." In Safety, Reliability, Risk and Life-Cycle Performance of Structures and Infrastructures, 4981–87. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16387-722.
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Bažant, Zdeněk P., Jia-Liang Le, and Marco Salviato. "Probabilistic Theory of Quasibrittle Fracture." In Quasibrittle Fracture Mechanics and Size Effect, 140–86. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192846242.003.0006.
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The foregoing models of quasibrittle fracture are incomplete because the actual behavior is always random. The weakest-link model, leading the Weibull probability distribution of structure strength, is discussed first, as the simplest approach, and is shown to follow from the stability postulate of extreme value statistics. The power law mean size effect of Weibull distribution and constancy of its coefficient of variation are derived. Then it is emphasized that real quasibrittle structures have rarely sufficient size for considering the number of links to be infinite, and a geometry-independent equivalent number of links to be used in a finite weakest-link chain model is defined. The consequence is that the failure probability distribution of quasibrittle structures is a Gauss-Weibull graft, in which a Weibull tail penetrates deeper into Gaussian core as the structure size increases. The power-law tail of Weibull distribution is shown to arise on the atomistic scale, from the Kramers equation of transition rate theory, and is shown to be preserved, with increasing exponent, in the nano-macro scale transition. This physical argument demonstrates, and unrealistic size effect confirms, that the three-parameter Weibull distribution is incorrect and potentially dangerous, and that a nonzero threshold is impossible. Described briefly is also the recently emerged fishnet statistics of structural strength, which is motivated by the material architecture of nacre. It takes into account alternation of series and parallel links, is modeled by order statistics or quantile statistics and allows treating super-light-strong 3D architectures such as octet lattice. The chapter ends with the analysis of a combination of the material strength randomness with the randomness of a database of concretes with diverse properties.
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Hanlon, Robert T. "The creation of thermodynamics." In Block by Block: The Historical and Theoretical Foundations of Thermodynamics, 422–37. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198851547.003.0033.
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The North British group of scientists, including Thomson, Rankine, an adopted Joule, Tait, and Maxwell created in the written word the field of thermodynamics in which temperature plays a central role. Thomson experienced the first glimpse of dQ/T; however, a valid definition of the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics remained absent. John Tyndall challenged the revisionist history of this group in which Joule was declared the first to discover heat–work equivalence and not the German Mayer. This led to the infamous Tait–Tyndall controversy.
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"MUDANÇAS COM A VIRTUALIZAÇÃO DA VIDA." In A Reinvenção da vida e da saúde em tempos de pandemia : o lugar da cultura. Centro de Pesquisa e Formação do Sesc São Paulo : USP - Universidade de São Paulo, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32749/nucleodoconhecimento.com.br/mudancas-com-a-virtualizacao.
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A virtualização da vida cotidiana foi um dos elementos centrais abordados no QOL como um todo; no entanto, neste campo, foi possível pôr uma lupa sobre tal processo. Neste segundo campo aberto facultativo, obtivemos um total de 282 registros narrativos, o que equivale a 25,2% do total de participantes, que produziram um corpus de 12.132 palavras, hierarquizadas visualmente na seguinte nuvem:
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Amijee, Fatema. "Something from Nothing." In Non-Being, 50–68. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198846222.003.0004.
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It strikes many as obvious that negative facts—such as that Justin Trudeau is not a woman—are not fundamental: negative facts must ultimately be explained in terms of positive facts (for instance, that Justin Trudeau is a man). Amijee focuses on a particular class of negative facts: contingent negative existentials (such as that there are no 10ft tall humans). If contingent negative existentials are not fundamental, then they must be explained. But the intuition that contingent negative existentials are explained is in tension with the widely held view that any universal generalization can be explained by its instances together with a totality fact. This is because a totality fact is itself a negative existential, and equivalent to a universal generalization. If the explanation for any contingent negative existential must appeal to another contingent negative existential, then not all contingent negative existentials can be non-fundamental.
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AZEVEDO, JACSON, and FRANCISCO NAIRON MONTEIRO JÚNIOR. "ATIVIDADE EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIVA UTILIZANDO UM CALORÍMETRO ELÉTRICO PARA APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA DO EQUIVALENTE MECÂNICO DO CALOR." In Ciência e democracia - o que essa relação depende de nós? Editora Realize, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46943/vii.conapesc.2022.01.001.
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O ensino de Física no Brasil vem passando por transformações com a implantação do Mestrado Nacional Profissional em Ensino de Física (MNPEF), programa de iniciativa da Sociedade Brasileira de Física (SBF). No âmbito desse programa, neste artigo, apresentamos alguns resultados significativos de uma atividade experimental investigativa implementada em uma escola pública, vinculada a rede estadual de Pernambuco, situada no nordeste brasileiro. Buscando aporte na teoria da aprendizagem significativa de David Ausubel (1918-2008) e no ensino por investigação, tomado como referencial metodológico, almejamos fornecer um relato parcial de uma experiência didática mais ampla envolvendo o tópico equivalente mecânico do calor. No entanto, embora parcial, tal relato transporta ensinamentos valiosos aos professores e professoras de Física, a saber, o uso de metodologias ativas nas salas de aula.
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Choi, Thomas Y. "Epilogue." In The Nature of Supply Networks, 280—C10P8. Oxford University PressNew York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197673249.003.0010.
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Abstract As supply chain professionals, we move goods and services to where they are needed. We bring happiness. Conceptually, there is happiness with the lowercase “h” and another with the uppercase “H.” The lowercase “happiness” is what we all seek as individuals. As we seek our happiness, we discover our states of individual happiness are interdependent. When many happinesses at the individual-node level are interdependent, they lead to a rugged landscape. We can only find small hills. Happiness with an upper case “H” would be equivalent to finding a single, tall peak. We can have as our collective goal a world at peace, a world devoid of sicknesses, and a world with no global warming, all worthy goals, but these are elusive goals. This Happiness is not a controlled state that can be attained by planning and execution but an emergent state that needs to be allowed to unfold over time. From our end, we just have to better control the interdependencies among happinesses at the individual company level.
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Araújo, Maria Damiana Rodrigues, Julianna Catonio da Silva, Luis Felipe Ferreira Costa, Maria Deyse Silva dos Santos, Larissa Vasconcelos Santos, Thallita Nayanna Bezerra Alves, Daniella Pereira dos Santos, Lúcia Jacinta da Silva Santos, Cícero Gomes dos Santos, and Márcio Aurélio Lins dos Santos. "Análise econômica e produtiva da cenoura sob diferentes lâminas de irrigação e doses de adubação." In TECNOLOGIAS AVANÇADAS E SUAS ABORDAGENS -V1. Seven Editora, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/tecavanaborda-038.
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A análise conjunta dos fatores de produção, tais como a quantidade de água e a dose de adubação necessária para que a cultura da cenoura possa mostrar seu máximo potencial produtivo ao longo do ciclo e que, por sua vez, representem melhor retorno econômico é de elevada importância. Objetivou-se avaliar a resposta da cenoura à lâminas de água e doses de adubação sintética (NPK). O experimento foi desenvolvido na área experimental da Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Campus de Arapiraca, no período de abril a julho de 2016. Adotou-se o delineamento estatístico em blocos ao acaso, num esquema fatorial 6x4, com 3 repetições, totalizando 72 unidades experimentais. Os tratamentos foram representados por 6 lâminas de irrigação, equivalentes a: 50, 75, 100, 125, 150 e 175% da Evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc), obtida diariamente através de 6 lisimetros de drenagem. O segundo tratamento foi representado por 4 doses de adubação química NPK, equivalentes a: 50, 75, 100 e 125% da recomendação de adubação para a cultura da cenoura. A unidade experimental foi representada por uma área de 1,0 m2. As lâminas de irrigação foram realizadas diariamente, assim como a adubação, via fertirrigação. No final do ciclo, foram coletadas quatro raízes de cenoura/ parcela para estimar a produtividade/ ha. O rendimento máximo estimado da cenoura foi de 95,85 t ha-1, a ser obtido com o emprego de 478,25 mm e 541,93 kg ha-1 de adubação.
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Fistioc, Mihaela C. "On beauty, concept formation, and toleration : a reading of Kant's account of the judgment of taste." In Tolerancia = Toleration = Tolerância v 5, Filosofía iberoamericana y aspectos diversos de la tolerancia = Ibero-American Philosophy and Varied Aspects of Tolerance, 315–28. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18800/9789972429880.024.
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Mi tema de hoy es el relato de Kant sobre la experiencia de la belleza tal como surge de su Crítica del poder del juicio. Mi objetivo es triple. Primero, quiero ofrecer una lectura del relato de Kant sobre la experiencia de la belleza en términos de formación de conceptos. En segundo lugar, quiero mostrar que mi lectura del relato de Kant da sentido a su afirmación de que la belleza es un símbolo de lo moralmente bueno. Tercero, y en conexión con esta relación entre la belleza y el bien moral, quiero sugerir que, a pesar de las apariencias, Kant ve la experiencia de la belleza como un ejercicio de tolerancia. Como punto de terminología debo señalar que, la mayoría de las veces, Kant describe la experiencia de la belleza en términos del juicio del gusto. También habla de «juzgar lo bello», y el texto deja claro que las dos formulaciones son equivalentes.
Conference papers on the topic "TAIL EQUIVALENT"
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Alibrandi, Umberto. "TAIL EQUIVALENT LINEARIZATION METHODS FOR SEISMIC RESPONSE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS." In 1st International Conference on Uncertainty Quantification in Computational Sciences and Engineering. Athens: Institute of Structural Analysis and Antiseismic Research School of Civil Engineering National Technical University of Athens (NTUA) Greece, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.7712/120215.4278.739.
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Alibrandi, Umberto, and Khalid M. Mosalam. "Tail Probability Equivalent Linearization Method for Stochastic Dynamic Analysis of marine Risers." In Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Reliability Engineering and Risk Management. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-11-2726-7_cos06.
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Jekel, Charles F., and Vicente Romero. "Bootstrapping and Jackknife Resampling to Improve Sparse-Sample UQ Methods for Tail Probability Estimation." In ASME 2019 Verification and Validation Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/vvs2019-5127.
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Abstract Tolerance Interval Equivalent Normal (TI-EN) and Superdistribution (SD) sparse-sample uncertainty quantification (UQ) methods are used for conservative estimation of small tail probabilities. These methods are used to estimate the probability of a response laying beyond a specified threshold with limited data. The study focused on sparse-sample regimes ranging from N = 2 to 20 samples, because this is reflective of most experimental and some expensive computational situations. A tail probability magnitude of 10−4 was examined on four different distribution shapes, in order to be relevant for quantification of margins and uncertainty (QMU) problems that arise in risk and reliability analyses. In most cases the UQ methods were found to have optimal performance with a small number of samples, beyond which the performance deteriorated as samples were added. Using this observation, a generalized Jackknife resampling technique was developed to average many smaller subsamples. This improved the performance of the SD and TI-EN methods, specifically when a larger than optimal number of samples were available. A Complete Jackknifing technique, which considered all possible sub-sample combinations, was shown to perform better in most cases than an alternative Bootstrap resampling technique.
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Keller, Jeffrey, Mark Tischler, Robert M., Daniel Wachspress, and Ondrej Juhasz. "Linearized Inflow and Interference Models from High Fidelity Free Wake Analysis for Modern Rotorcraft Configurations." In Vertical Flight Society 75th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0075-2019-14638.
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Linearized inflow models have been used to represent dynamic wake effects for control law development and flight dynamics simulation of conventional main rotor / tail rotor helicopters. With the current focus in the industry toward high-speed concepts and electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft, modern rotorcraft designs are trending away from the conventional main rotor / tail rotor configuration for which low-order dynamic inflow models have been applied and validated. Configurations currently in design and flight testing stages include coaxial, coaxialcompound, tiltrotor, multi-rotor, and augmented lift concepts that involve strong rotor-rotor and rotor-airframe aerodynamic interactions. To support current trends in rotorcraft designs, it is necessary to revisit the low-order inflow model structure and application with respect to modern rotorcraft analysis and flight simulation methods. Research and development in recent years has focused on methods to extract equivalent linearized inflow / interference models from high-fidelity nonlinear rotorcraft aeromechanics models. This paper describes continuing work to develop an automated method for linearized inflow model extraction from high-fidelity rotorcraft aerodynamic / wake models. Emphasis is placed on the formulation of generic inflow model structures for single and coaxial rotor systems that capture relevant physical phenomena without over-parameterizing the low-order state-space inflow model.
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Assi, Gustavo R. S., Peter W. Bearman, Michael A. Tognarelli, and Julia R. H. Rodrigues. "The Effect of Rotational Friction on the Stability of Short-Tailed Fairings Suppressing Vortex-Induced Vibrations." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-49522.
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Experiments have been carried out on a free-to-rotate short-tail fairing fitted to a rigid length of circular cylinder to investigate the effect of rotational friction on the stability of this type of VIV suppressor. Measurements of the dynamic response are presented for models with low mass and damping which are free to respond in the cross-flow and streamwise directions. It is shown how VIV can be reduced if the fairing presents a rotational friction above a critical limit. In this configuration the fairing finds a stable position deflected from the flow direction and a steady lift force appears towards the side the fairing has deflected. The fluid-dynamic mechanism is very similar to that observed for a free-to-rotate splitter plate of equivalent length.
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Johannessen, Thomas B. "On the Use of Linear and Weakly Nonlinear Wave Theory in Continuous Ocean Wave Spectra: Convergence With Respect to Frequency." In ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-57355.
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The basic principle of wave superposition in the analysis of irregular linear wave problems such as the analysis of the wave surface itself or forces on large volume or slender structures, has been used for more than fifty years. Also the extension of the perturbation solution to second and in some cases third order is well known. In the nonlinear extension of the perturbation scheme, the basic idea is that nonlinear interaction between two or, in the third order case, three wave components can take place. The solution may therefore be found for two or three wave components and extended to the interaction of all wave components without further calculation. Whereas this superposition idea is an efficient and accurate method to determine wave loads and properties, the convergence properties with respect to the high frequency tail of the spectrum is often neglected. Many of the terms arising in practical applications increase rapidly as the frequency increases so that their convergence properties in a continuous wave spectrum are strongly dependent on the tail of the wave spectrum. The lack of convergence with respect to frequency will typically lead to a choice of: • Using an equivalent regular wave to represent the problem knowing that a regular wave cannot represent all the relevant physical and statistical properties of the wave field; • Make a sensible truncation of the wave spectrum knowing that the chosen truncation frequency affects the results; • Resort to an engineering solution such as the Wheeler (1970) stretching technique for crest kinematics above the crest. It is the object of the present paper to investigate the requirements to linear and second order problems to converge with respect to frequency. Using the Lindgren (1970) properties of a wave crest in a linear wave field and linear Monte Carlo simulations, it is found that requirements to convergence in a spectrum with an ω−4 and ω−5 tail is very strict indeed. It is further found that it is convenient to distinguish between problems where the linear component itself is not defined and problems where the linear component is defined but where the higher order component is not defined. It is shown that the latter problem may be overcome and an example of this is given.
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Shi, Zeyu, Xiongliang Yao, Jiaolong Zhao, Longquan Sun, and Yue Tian. "Research on Trailing Cavity of Underwater Vehicles Based on Potential Flow Theory." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-78676.
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In the exceeding water process of underwater vehicles, the existing of trailing cavity will have distinct effects on the hydrodynamic characteristics of vehicles. Recent researches mostly leave gravity effect out of consideration, while the gravity will affect trailing cavity characteristics and then affect the hydrodynamic characteristics of vehicles. In this study, we research the effect of gravity on the trailing cavity of underwater vehicles. Firstly, a complex boundary model which taken partial cavity into consideration is established based on potential flow theory and a program according to this model is written. Because all flow parameter has nothing to do with the radial location, the research problem can be simplified as a two-dimensional problem and studied in polar coordinates. With regularization of the length of the navigation calculation model, infinity to flow velocity and the distance pressure, research domain can be represented by plane in the containing slit. The program is proved to be effective by comparison the results with the data in existing papers. Finally, we calculate the trailing cavity forms of a cone and an underwater vehicle under different cavitation numbers and Froude numbers to study the rules of trailing cavity forms changing with cavitation number and Froude number. Under the same number of Froude, the cavity size of the rear part of vehicle gradually decreases with the increasing cavitation number, and the maximum radius of the cavity equals to the biggest size of the tail radius of the vehicle. Under the same cavitation number bodies, vehicle trailing cavity length gradually increases with the increase of Froude number, but radius of the cavity of the vehicle changed little, the largest radius is equivalent to the tail radius of the vehicle.
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Padhy, Smruti, and Arzad Kherani. "Tail equivalence for some time-shared systems." In the 1st international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1190095.1190142.
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Zafar, Sayem, and Mohamed Gadalla. "Evaluation of an Integrated Fuel Cell-PV Panel System as a Hybrid UAV Powerplant." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-87708.
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A model study was conducted to investigate the integration of a hybrid, fuel cell-PV panel power system for a small unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). A hybrid power system is proposed as a substitute to the existing batteries to enhance the endurance of such systems. A UAV with wing area equivalent solar panel and 900Ah proton exchange membrane fuel cell, with stored pressurised hydrogen, is modeled. Maximum take-off weight of 100 N was used to make the UAV man-portable. The flight performance was simulated using available and calculated data. Aerodynamic analysis was conducted and the wing and tail geometries were determined to house the PV panels. The corresponding required power was then established from the drag and weight values. Measurements were made for the maximum required power for endurance. The results showed favorable increase in a small UAV’s flight performance when an integrated hybrid fuel cell-PV panel system is used. An endurance increment of 2384 seconds was achieved using a hybrid, fuel cell-PV panel, power system when compared to fuel cell only power system. The research proved the effectiveness of using fuel cell-PV panel hybrid system as a small UAV power plant. It also highlighted the effectiveness of using renewable sources to increase the endurance of a small UAV.
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Maes, Marc A., Markus Dann, and Michael Havbro Faber. "Hierarchical Bayes Analysis of Rare Events Using High-Dispersion Poisson Mixtures." In ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-57197.
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Modeling the occurrence of rare events such as multiyear ice or iceberg encounters, ship collisions, and several types of accidental events is often challenging because considerable dispersion is found to be associated with discrete count data. This may be due to fluctuations in the processes generating the events, or they may arise because of a complicated mixture of causal events or there may be other unexplained discontinuities. In such cases, the traditional use of the Poisson distribution is inadequate, especially when the event frequency is subsequently used to formulate design criteria based on extreme values. In this paper, the use of discrete Poisson mixtures is suggested as opposed to the simple Poisson process and continuous Poisson mixtures. One objective is to ensure that the uncertainty regarding event occurrence is well represented in both the central and tail parts of count data. The analysis of discrete Poisson mixtures involves the estimation of the number k of mixture components, the k Poisson occurrence rates, and the k weights of the mixture. Until recently such an analysis was considered daunting at best. However, the analysis can be re-cast as an equivalent Hierarchical Bayes (HB) net using an auxiliary variable vector Z of variable dimension. A Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis can then be used to obtain the posterior distributions of the dimensionality of the mixture, the mixture weights and the occurrence rates themselves. Also, posterior distributions can be found for iceberg collision risks and iceberg scour rates. The approach is illustrated for an iceberg risk estimation.
Reports on the topic "TAIL EQUIVALENT"
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Agrawal, Rajeev, Armand Makowski, and Philippe Nain. On a Reduced Load Equivalence under Heavy Tail Assumptions. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada440808.
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Welch, David, and Gregory Deierlein. Technical Background Report for Structural Analysis and Performance Assessment (PEER-CEA Project). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/yyqh3072.
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This report outlines the development of earthquake damage functions and comparative loss metrics for single-family wood-frame buildings with and without seismic retrofit of vulnerable cripple wall and stem wall conditions. The underlying goal of the study is to quantify the benefits of the seismic retrofit in terms of reduced earthquake damage and repair or reconstruction costs. The earthquake damage and economic losses are evaluated based on the FEMA P-58 methodology, which incorporates detailed building information and analyses to characterize the seismic hazard, structural response, earthquake damage, and repair/reconstruction costs. The analyses are informed by and include information from other working groups of the Project to: (1) summarize past research on performance of wood-frame houses; (2) identify construction features to characterize alternative variants of wood-frame houses; (3) characterize earthquake hazard and ground motions in California; (4) conduct laboratory tests of cripple wall panels, wood-frame wall subassemblies and sill anchorages; and (5) validate the component loss models with data from insurance claims adjustors. Damage functions are developed for a set of wood-frame building variants that are distinguished by the number of stories (one- versus two-story), era (age) of construction, interior wall and ceiling materials, exterior cladding material, and height of the cripple walls. The variant houses are evaluated using seismic hazard information and ground motions for several California locations, which were chosen to represent the range seismicity conditions and retrofit design classifications outlined in the FEMA P-1100 guidelines for seismic retrofit. The resulting loss models for the Index Building variants are expressed in terms of three outputs: Mean Loss Curves (damage functions), relating expected loss (repair cost) to ground-motion shaking intensity, Expected Annual Loss, describing the expected (mean) loss at a specific building location due to the risk of earthquake damage, calculated on an annualized basis, and Expected RC250 Loss, which is the cost of repairing damage due to earthquake ground shaking with a return period of 250 years (20% chance of exceedance in 50 years). The loss curves demonstrate the effect of seismic retrofit by comparing losses in the existing (unretrofitted) and retrofitted condition across a range of seismic intensities. The general findings and observations demonstrate: (1) cripple walls in houses with exterior wood siding are more vulnerable than ones with stucco siding to collapse and damage; (2) older pre-1945 houses with plaster on wood lath interior walls are more susceptible to damage and losses than more recent houses with gypsum wallboard interiors; (3) two-story houses are more vulnerable than one-story houses; (4) taller (e.g., 6-ft-tall) cripple walls are generally less vulnerable to damage and collapse than shorter (e.g., 2-ft-tall) cripple walls; (5) houses with deficient stem wall connections are generally observed to be less vulnerable to earthquake damage than equivalent unretrofitted cripple walls with the same superstructure; and (6) the overall risk of losses and the benefits of cripple wall retrofit are larger for sites with higher seismicity. As summarized in the report, seismic retrofit of unbraced cripple walls can significantly reduce the risk of earthquake damage and repair costs, with reductions in Expected RC250 Loss risk of up to 50% of the house replacement value for an older house with wood-frame siding at locations of high seismicity. In addition to the reduction in repair cost risk, the seismic retrofit has an important additional benefit to reduce the risk of major damage that can displace residents from their house for many months.
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Vocabulari multilingüe de càncer de mama per a pacients. IULA, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31009/iula.2022.01.
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El projecte Vocabulari multilingüe de càncer de mama per a pacients és un dels resultats de la col·laboració entre l’Institut de Lingüística Aplicada (IULA-CER) de la Universitat Pompeu Fabra i l’Institut Català d’Oncologia (ICO), vinculat a la Generalitat de Catalunya. La versió del vocabulari que publiquem aquí té com a llengua principal el català, amb definicions i equivalents en anglès i castellà. Una de les peculiaritats més significatives d’aquest diccionari és que, tal com indica el seu nom, està destinat a pacients (i també a familiars i cuidadors de pacients) de càncer de mama. El fet que els destinataris no siguin especialistes s’ha tingut en compte tant en la selecció de les entrades com en la redacció de les definicions. S’ha demostrat que són molts els beneficis que comporta el fet que les pacients tinguin informació fiable i comprensible de la seva pròpia malaltia. Disposar d’aquest vocabulari els permetrà comprendre millor la informació que es vehicula per unitats terminològiques que s’utilitzen en textos mèdics, millorar la comunicació amb els professionals sanitaris i poder compartir amb ells la presa de decisions al llarg de la malaltia.