Academic literature on the topic 'Tags RFID couplés'
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Journal articles on the topic "Tags RFID couplés"
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Aroca, Rafael V., André C. Hernandes, Daniel V. Magalhães, Marcelo Becker, Carlos Manoel Pedro Vaz, and Adonai G. Calbo. "Calibration of Passive UHF RFID Tags Using Neural Networks to Measure Soil Moisture." Journal of Sensors 2018 (2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3436503.
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This paper presents a system to monitor soil moisture using standard UHF RFID tags buried on the soil. An autonomous mobile robot is also presented, which is capable to navigate on the field and automatically read the sensors, even if they are completely buried on the soil. Thus, passive RFID tags are buried on the soil, allowing wireless moisture measurement without the need of batteries for long periods. The system dispenses external cables and antennas and may be composed of a single RFID tag buried on the soil or by several RFID tags buried at different depths on the soil. An antenna coupled to a RFID reader can be pointed to the place of installation of these tags, and by measuring the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and other parameters, it allows to estimate the amount of water on the soil. The estimation of volumetric water content (VWC) on the soil was successfully obtained and calibrated with R2>0.9 using neural networks trained with experimental data from a reference capacitive soil moisture sensor. In addition to the simplified installation procedure, the system allows manual or automatic reading through irrigation systems or other systems to control irrigation systems. The system has been evaluated in several experiments, and nine tags were buried on the field, being used for at least three years. Experimental results show that it is possible to read tags at 40 cm deep in the soil with the RFID reader antenna 10 cm far from the soil surface.
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Majewski, L. A., C. Balocco, R. King, S. Whitelegg, and A. M. Song. "Fast polymer nanorectifiers for inductively coupled RFID tags." Materials Science and Engineering: B 147, no. 2-3 (February 2008): 289–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2007.08.031.
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Ekşim, Ali. "Performance of Multiple-Antennas in ISO 18000-7 Standard with Using Limited Feedback Schemes." Journal of Communications Software and Systems 9, no. 1 (March 23, 2013): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.24138/jcomss.v9i1.161.
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Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a pervasive wireless technology to automatically identify, track, and locate objects or people. RFID technology falls into three categories with respect to tags' energy source: passive, semi-passive and active. Active RFID tags are preferred in many applications for their advantages: Visibility, security, quality and high distance communication. Active RFID systems present a couple of challenges that are vital and should be overcome before enjoying their benefits. One of the most important new challenges is energy-efficient data gathering. ISO/IEC 18000-7, operating at 433 MHz, is one of the active RFID standards. We realize that a tag consumes too much energy source to perform a satisfactory communication compliance with the standard in Rayleigh fading channel. Motivated by this need, in this paper, we aim to ameliorate a RFID system performance from the perspective of better communication and energy efficiency. Detailed and extensively simulations show that using multiple antennas with limited feedback schemes significantly diminish the frame error rates and increase the battery lifetime. Moreover, we have evaluated the performance of the limited feedback schemes when the wireless channels are correlated and multiple antennas are present at the reader.
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Thomaidis, Nikolaos Christoforos, and Vasileios Zeimpekis. "Investigation of operational parameters that affect the use of drones in goods’ stock count process: Evidence from experimental results." Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management 17, no. 1 (February 16, 2024): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/jiem.6446.
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Purpose: Recently, the complexity of managing warehouses has been amplified significantly due to factors that include increased requests for more frequent and smaller order fulfilment, reduction of operational cost, and improvement of customer experience. Product stock count is a critical process in order to address the aforementioned challenges. This articles presents experimental results from the adoption of drones coupled with RFID tags used for real time goods’ stock count.Design/methodology/approach: The research methodology adopted combines three different methods, namely Systematic Literature Review (SLR) for identifying parameters that affect the performance of drones in stock count process, survey via questionnaire and interviews to logistics managers to map needs and requirements in warehouse operations, as well as laboratory testing via Design of Experiment (24 full factorial design & ANOVA) methodology to investigate how certain parameters corelate and affect the reading accuracy of RFID tags as well as the time needed by a drone for stock count completion. Findings: The results of the experiments are encouraging, showing that the use of drones coupled with RFID tags may support faster, cost-effective, and safer stock count in warehouses. In both ambient and chilled storage environment an 100% RFID tag reading accuracy was achieved. Less stock-count completion time when compared to manual stock-count was achieved in both cases.Research implications: Understanding the effect of technical and operational parameters of RFID technology in conjunction with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)-drones may have the potential to radically transform the stock count process by considerably increase the efficiency and accuracy of the process.Practical implications: Real-time stock count via drones has significant cost-saving implications for organizations. The elimination of manual stock counting saves operational expenses and increases staff safety. Furthermore, real-time data collection of existing product stock allows managers to efficiently allocate resources, enhancing overall efficiency and performance.Originality/value: This research is among the first studies that aim to present evidence from experimental results that assess the use of drones coupled with RFID technology for real-time stock count. The results from laboratory experiments demonstrate the effect of certain operational parameters, such as drone speed, number of rack levels, and RFID tag location on products, during the execution of the stock count process in terms of RFID reading accuracy and stock-count completion time.
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Abdulkawi, Wazie M., and Abdel-Fattah A. Sheta. "Four-State Coupled-Line Resonator for Chipless RFID Tags Application." Electronics 8, no. 5 (May 25, 2019): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8050581.
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A novel quad-state coupled-line microstrip resonator is proposed for compact chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) tags. The proposed resonator can be reconfigured to present one of four possible states: 00, 01, 10, and 11, representing, no resonance, resonance at f2, resonance at f1, and resonance at both f1 and f2, respectively. The frequency span between f2 and f1 can be easily controlled, thereby reducing the required spectrum. Moreover, the proposed technique allows the storage of a large amount of data in a compact size to reduce the cost per bit. A multi-resonator prototype consisting of six resonators is designed, analyzed, and experimentally characterized. This prototype is implemented on the RT Duroid 5880 substrate with a dielectric constant of 2.2, loss tangent of 0.0009, and thickness of 0.79 mm. The designed configuration can be reconfigured for 46 codes. Two complete the RFID tags, including the six resonators and two orthogonally polarized transmitting and receiving antennas, are implemented and tested. The first tag code is designed for all ones, 111111111111, and the second tag is designed as 101010101010 code. Experimental results show good agreement with the simulation.
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Lai, Yuan-Cheng, Shan-Yung Chen, Zelalem Legese Hailemariam, and Chih-Chung Lin. "A Bit-Tracking Knowledge-Based Query Tree for RFID Tag Identification in IoT Systems." Sensors 22, no. 9 (April 26, 2022): 3323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22093323.
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In an IoT (Internet of Things) system where each IoT device has one/many RFID tags, there might be many RFID tags. However, when multiple tags respond to the reader’s interrogation at the same time, their signals collide. Due to the collision, the reader must request the colliding tags to retransmit their IDs, resulting in higher communication overhead and longer identification time. Therefore, this paper presents a Bit-tracking Knowledge-based Query Tree (BKQT), which uses two techniques: knowledge, which stores all the tag IDs that can possibly occur, and bit tracking, which allows the reader to detect the locations of the collided bits in a collision slot. BKQT constructs a query tree for all possible tags, called a k-tree, by using knowledge while it constructs bit-collision cases and the corresponding actions for each node in this k-tree by using bit tracking. In the identification process, BKQT traverses this constructed k-tree and thus identifies the colliding tags faster by taking the actions according to the happening bit-collision cases. From the simulation results, BKQT can improve the identification time by 44.3%, 46.4%, and 25.1%, compared with the previous knowledge-based protocols, Knowledge Query Tree (KQT), Heuristic Query Tree (H-QT), Query Tree with Shortcutting and Couple Resolution (QTSC), respectively.
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Hamoy, Fatimah Nasra P., Diana G. Romero, Lea Cristina D. Macaraig, and Erwin P. Enriquez. "Inkjet Printing of UHF RFID Antennas Using Silver and Gold Inks." Key Engineering Materials 913 (March 18, 2022): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-5v0h1p.
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Compared with current methods, additive manufacturing processes could offer a more environment-friendly and cost-effective solution in producing long lasting RFID tags for identification and sensing applications. In this work we report the fabrication of UHF RFID antennas by inkjet printing on a flexible substrate. Silver and gold were chosen as ink materials since they are more resistant to weathering than other metals, particularly for applications that require long-term reusability. We compared the print performance of a commercial silver ink and our lab-developed gold nanoparticle (AuNP) ink on polyethylene naphthalate. The printing process for each ink is described using an adopted loop antenna design optimized for 866-868 MHz frequency range. Assembled passive and battery-assisted RFID tags using single-and double-layer sintered, printed antennas coupled with a readable UHF RFID chip showed tolerable detection distances using a commercial compact reader (with short read range specifications). Additionally, we observed a more consistent print behavior and quality, and consequently longer read ranges for the gold antennas (up to 40 cm with battery). Furthermore, the silver antennas oxidized over time resulting in decreased read ranges. Overall, our results show the viability of a printable gold RFID antenna with a tag working range that may be fit for close range non-contact reading.
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Huang, Song Lin, and Jian Zhong Cui. "The Design of Passive RFID Reader System Based on MF RC500." Advanced Materials Research 1022 (August 2014): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1022.135.
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RFID is a technology that uses radio frequency signals coupled to the space (alternating magnetic or electromagnetic), to achieve the purpose of non-contact transfer of information and automatic identification. In this paper, RFID reader system is designed based on the MF RC500. Compared with the automatic identification technology such as the barcodes, magnetic cards and IC cards, The RFID reader has many outstanding advantages: firstly, it is safe and suitable for high security terminal. The second, a plurality of electronic tags can be recognized simultaneously. The third, there is no mechanical wear. The fourth, it is convenient to use with non-contact operation and without human intervention when identifying.
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Caizzone, Stefano, Emidio DiGiampaolo, and Gaetano Marrocco. "Wireless Crack Monitoring by Stationary Phase Measurements from Coupled RFID Tags." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 62, no. 12 (December 2014): 6412–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2014.2360553.
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Deacu, Daniela. "RFID Loop Tags for Merchandise Identification Onboard Ships." Advanced Materials Research 1036 (October 2014): 969–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1036.969.
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Radio frequency identification (RFID) is one of the most actual techniques employed to control the circuit of merchandises, as an alternative to the classical barecode. RFID tags should be cheap and easy to reproduct on a multitude of dielectric supports. There are several types of RFID systems, depending on whether tag and/or reader are active or passive. For cost reasons, merchandise identification should use active reader and passive tag, as the latter might be manufactured on a cheap FR4 support or printed directly on paper, by using a conductive ink. Passive tags can be shaped as straight dipoles, meandered dipoles, or loops. When a small area is required, loops are more appropriated. Codes are made different one from another by using on the same tag antennas with different resonance frequencies. Another advantage of loops is that they can be placed one inside other, so the occupied area is even smaller compared to other multi-resonant tags. Firstly, a single loop is analyzed, in order to model the resonant behaviour, correlated to the loop geometry and size. Open and closed loops are studied; the lowest resonance frequency for a given loop length is achieved for the open loop. In that case, the loop is resonating as a dipole. Next, a tag with three concentric loops is investigated. Separately, a small loop is used on the tag, in order to couple the received power in a resistor. When the tag is close to the reader, the latter is triggered if power is absorbed simultaneously on the three expected frequencies. The proposed tag was simulated and manufactured. Results show a good agreement between measured and simulated data. Finally, a block diagram for the reader was proposed.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tags RFID couplés"
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Mudakkarappilli, Sudersanan Jithin. "Accurate experimental and numerical characterization of the forward and reverse RFID links for strongly coupled tags including nonlinearity of chip impedance." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Gustave Eiffel, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UEFL2029.
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Le contexte de cette thèse aborde les scénarios RFID UHF impliquant la mise en jeux d'un grand nombre de tags. Ces tags sont d'une part distribués de manière aléatoire et d'autre part concentrés dans un volume électriquement réduit. Dans cette situation, la proximité des éléments rayonnants entraîne un couplage électromagnétique important entre les antennes des tags, impactant le lien radio entre le lecteur et chaque tag. Par conséquent, on observe généralement une dégradation des indicateurs de performance clés du système, tels que la distance maximum de lecture ou le taux de lecture. Ce travail de recherche présente une analyse de performance d'un système RFID dans un contexte de forte densité de tags en incluant des aspects statistiques. À cette fin, un modèle est proposé pour les liaisons montante et descendante, incluant les effets de couplage entre les tags. Ce modèle est validé par des simulations et des mesures. Avant de se concentrer sur l'analyse complexe d'un ensemble de tags, une caractérisation complète d'un tag RF fabriqué au laboratoire est présentée. Ce tag RFID est composé d'une antenne gravée sur un substrat epoxy et utilise une puce Higgs-9. L'impédance de l'antenne est simulée et mesurée. L'impédance non linéaire de la puce est caractérisée par un impédancemètre. L'ensemble du tag est composé de l'antenne et de la puce et il est testé dans le cadre du protocole RFID. Compte tenu de la complexité du problème posé, l'ensemble des tags RFID est également modélisé par un ensemble de dipôles chargés afin de simplifier l'analyse electromagnétique. Ce modèle simplifié reste valide à condition qu'une corrélation élevée entre le comportement d'un ensemble de dipôle et celui des tags réels puisse être prouvée. La dégradation des performances due au couplage dans la liaison descendante est analysée en termes de surface équivalente radar différentielle ou SER différentielle, car elle est indicative de la discrimination possible des états de modulation présents sur le signal rétrodiffusé par le tag. La SER différentielle est calculée à l'aide des coefficients de réflexion estimés du tag environné. Les coefficients de réflexion du tag sont estimés pour deux niveaux de charge différents. La SER différentielle est également mesurée directement par le protocole RFID. Dans la dernière partie de ce travail de recherche nous prenons en compte l'impact des non-linéarités de l'impédance complexe de la puce en plus des effets du couplage dans la liason descendante. Sachant que l'impédance complexe de la puce est une fonction de la puissance au niveau de la puce, une procédure de mise en correspondance est présentée pour estimer précisement l'impédance complexe de la puce à partir d'une base de données issue de mesures. A partir du modèle de couplage il est possible d'estimer la puissance délivrée aux puces d'un ensemble de tags distribués aléatoirement incluant les phénomènes de non linéarités. Les déductions tirées de ce travail, combinées à des données statistiques pertinentes, pourraient être utilisées par les ingénieurs concepteurs RFID pour évaluer les performances d'un scénario RFID en prenant en compte le couplage mutuel et l'impédance non linéaire de la puceThe context of this thesis is primarily centered around UHF RFID scenarios which involve a large number of tags randomly distributed and confined in an electrically reduced volume. The proximity of the radiating elements would result in significant electromagnetic coupling between the tag antennas, impacting the communication link between the reader and the tags. Consequently, the key performance indicators of the system such as read-range and read-rate get degraded. This research work presents a performance analysis of such an RFID system by including statistical aspects. To this aim, a model for the forward and reverse links including coupling effects between the tags is presented, which is validated by electromagnetic simulations and measurements. Prior to delving into the analysis involving a set of tags, a comprehensive characterization of the home-made RFID tag integrated with a Higgs-9 chip which is used in the study is performed. The antenna impedance is simulated and measured, while the nonlinear chip impedance is characterized by an impedance analyzer. The whole tag composed of the home-made antenna and the chip is tested under the RFID protocols. Considering the complexity of the problem at hand, the set of RFID tags under study is also modeled by a set of loaded dipoles in order to simplify their electromagnetic model provided that a high correlation between their behaviour could be proved. At this stage, the monostatic RCS is studied with an objective of highlighting the degradation in the response of an isolated tag to that of the same tag while surrounded by other tags. The coupling effects on the impedance and the radiation pattern of a tag are thus included in this monostatic RCS response. Afterwards, the forward link is analyzed in terms of the power absorbed by the chip and the maximum read-range of an interrogated tag while being surrounded by neighboring loaded tags. Interestingly a clear correlation is observed between the power absorbed by the chip obtained by simulation and the maximum read-range which is obtained by simulation and measured under RFID protocol. Multiple random configurations of tags have been tested and as a result of this part, a circuit-level observable is correlated to a direct system-level observable. The performance degradation due to coupling in the reverse link is analyzed in terms of the differential RCS, as it is indicative of the modulation depth from the tag. The differential RCS is calculated using the estimated reflection coefficients of the surrounded tag for two different load levels and is also measured directly under RFID protocol. As the last part, this research work takes into account the impact of nonlinear evolution of the complex chip impedance, along with coupling effects in the reverse link. Knowing that the chip impedance is a function of the input power, a mapping procedure is presented for the chip impedance estimation. The coupling model provides the power delivered to the chip, which is then mapped to obtain the nonlinear chip impedance of each tag in a set of randomly distributed tags. The inferences drawn from this work when combined with relevant statistical data could be used by RFID design engineers to assess the performance of an RFID scenario while being exposed to both mutual coupling and nonlinearities
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CAIZZONE, STEFANO. "Sensing and communication potentialities of coupled RFID tags." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/203634.
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The upcoming Internet of Things is realizing the vision of a fully connected
world: one of the key enablers for such technological revolution is the development
of low-cost long-lasting sensors, able to become the physical interface to
the real-world. In such a quest, the Radio Frequency Identication (RFID) is
establishing itself as the most promising technology for passive sensing, thanks
to its standardized communication protocol and its massive use in nowaday's
logistics, which has driven down the costs of commercial components. The extensive
research eort of the latest years on the topic has achieved remarkable
results, but there are some open issues that still inhibit a full adoption of the
technology, among which the current sacrice in communication capability experienced
along with the sensing process.
The present Work tries to tackle the current issues, by investigating the
potentialities of using two or more coupled RFID tags and exploiting the mutual
interaction between them to enable better solutions to the present questions.
Both theoretical and experimental aspects will be considered: the mathematical
formulation will show the eects of the interaction between tags, highlighting
the potentialities in terms of concurrent sensing and communication,
and also exhibiting new and visionary capabilities of communication from tag
to tag. The design of a specic sensor (a crack enlargement sensor) as well as
the analysis and synthesis of a generic wireless sensing platform based on RFID
couplets will be presented, exhibiting the desired properties of stable communication
during the sensing process. Moreover, suitable sensing parameters and
advanced measurement techniques will be introduced, allowing for improved sensitivity
and measurement-setup independence. Finally, the experimental part
will provide a better insight into some possible applications of RFID grids, as
sketched in the theory, and will demonstrate practical implementations of the
proposed functionalities.
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Mughal, Aiman. "Statistical analysis of the coupling effects between tags in the RFID links." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Gustave Eiffel, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UEFL2002.
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Différentes études empiriques montrent que l'effet du couplage mutuel et la position et l'orientation aléatoires des antennes tags dans un volume réduit entraînent une dégradation des indicateurs de performance d'un système RFID, tels que la distance et le taux de lecture. Cette thèse participe à l'analyse des performances d'un tel système RFID en explorant les phénomènes physiques à l'origine de la dégradation et en introduisant des techniques statistiques dans les investigations. Avant de procéder à l'étude du comportement de groupe, la sensibilité et l'impédance de deux puces RFID (Higgs-3 et Higgs-9) ont été mesurées. Deux tag RFID ont été utilisées, un tag commercial (ALN-9662) associé à la puce Higgs-3 et tag artisanal fabriqué au laboratoire pour s’adapter à la puce Higgs-9. La distance de lecture des deux tags a été mesurée ainsi que l'impédance de leur antenne. Les résultats des mesures ont été confrontés à des simulations électromagnétiques. Afin d'étudier différents cas de figure faisant intervenir des tags positionnés de manière aléatoire, un modèle électromagnétique et des outils de simulation (HFSS et NEC) ont été utilisés et les conclusions sont basées sur leurs résultats, tout en les validant dans quelques cas par des mesures. Pour simplifier davantage, les tags RFID sont modélisés par un ensemble de dipôles demi-onde, avec et sans le circuit d’adaptation sous forme de T-match, et le lecteur est remplacé par une onde plane. L'objectif est de confronter le comportement d'un tag isolé à celui du même tag entouré par d'autres tags et de conclure sur l'impact du type d'antenne, de la densité des tags, de l’impédance de charge et de la polarisation de l'onde sur l’observable de sortie. La liaison RFID est étudiée à travers son lien forward et reverse, et en utilisant un modèle multiport conventionnel pour les tags intégrant le couplage. Une analyse approfondie du bilan de puissance est effectuée et la puissance absorbée au niveau des charges (puces) et la puissance re-rayonnée au niveau des antennes sont évaluées. En ce qui concerne la liaison forward, le rapport entre la puissance absorbée par la puce d'un tag environné et celle d'un tag isolé est appelé puissance absorbée normalisée et constitue un outil utile pour estimer le pourcentage de tags inactifs dans un ensemble de tags. En ce qui concerne la liaison reverse, la surface équivalente radar (SER) des antennes chargées par une charge adaptée et par un court-circuit a été étudiée. La SER différentielle du tag isolé et celle du tag environné a également été évaluée et l'impact du couplage sur la puissance re-rayonnée a été étudié. Étant donné que dans un contexte aléatoire à haute densité, il est impossible de prédire les performances du système de manière réaliste avec une approche purement déterministe, plusieurs configurations de tags et de dipôles positionnés et orientés de manière aléatoire ont été simulées et les conclusions sont tirées à l'aide d'une analyse statistique. En d'autres termes, à la fin de cette étude, la dégradation des performances d'un tag particulier dans une configuration donnée de tags environnants doit être évaluée individuellement, mais les moments statistiques ainsi que les fonctions de répartition permettent de prédire le comportement d'une population de tags sous certaines conditions. Cette thèse aide le concepteur RFID à évaluer la performance d'un scénario RFID et éventuellement à ajuster certains paramètres d'entrée tels que la densité des tags afin d'atteindre les objectifs visésDifferent empirical studies show that the effect of mutual coupling and the random position and orientation of tag antennas in a reduced volume result in a degradation of key performance indicators of an RFID system such as the read-range and the read-rate. This thesis takes part in the performance analysis of such an RFID system by exploring the physical phenomena behind the degradation and by introducing statistical techniques into investigations. Prior to the group behaviour investigations, the sensitivity and the impedance of two RFID chips (Higgs-3 and Higgs-9) have been measured. Two RFID tags have been used, a commercial one (ALN-9662) associated with the Higgs-3 chip and a home-made tag, which has been fabricated in laboratory to match the Higgs-9 chip. The read range of both tags has measured along with their antenna impedance. The measurement results have been confronted to electromagnetic simulations. In order to study various cases involving randomly positioned tags, an electromagnetic model and simulation tools (HFSS and NEC) have been used and the conclusions are based on their results while cross-validated in a few cases by measurements. To simplify any further, the RFID tags are modelled by a set of half-wave dipoles, with and without T-match, and the reader is replaced by a plane wave. The objective is to confront the behaviour of a single isolated tag to that of the same tag while surrounded by other tags and to conclude on the impact of the antenna type, the density of tags, the terminating load and the wave polarisation on the output under observation. The RFID link is studied through its forward and reverse links and by using a conventional grid model for tags including coupling. A thorough power budget analysis is conducted and the absorbed power at the level of the loads (chips) and the reradiated power at the level of the antennas are assessed. Regarding the forward link, the ratio of the absorbed power by the chip of a surrounded tag to that of an isolated tag is called normalised absorbed power and constitutes a useful tool to estimate the percentage of inactivated tags in the set. Regarding the reverse link, the Radar Cross Section (RCS) of loaded antennas with short-circuit and matched loads have been studied. The differential RCS of the isolated tag and that of the surrounded one has also been evaluated and the impact of coupling on the backscattered power have been studied. As in a high-density random context, predicting the system performances in a realistic way with a deterministic approach is impossible, several configurations of randomly positioned and oriented tags and dipoles have been simulated and the conclusions are drawn using statistical analysis. In other words, at the end of this study, the performance degradation of a particular tag in a given configuration of surrounding tags needs to be evaluated individually but the statistical moments as well as cumulative distribution functions allow to predict the behaviour of a population tags under given conditions. This thesis helps the RFID designer to assess the performance of an RFID scenario and eventually adjust some input parameters such as the density of tags in order to attain the desired objectives
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PIRRAMI, LORENZO. "Capacitive coupled RFID tag using a new dielectric droplet encapsulation approach." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2710631.
Full textAbstract:
Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a well-known and fast-growing technology
used to identify people, animals and products. RFID tags are used to replace bar
codes in a wide range of applications, to mention just a few, retail, transportation,
logistics and healthcare.
The two main driving aspects for most of research and development projects
concerning RFID tags are the reduction of assembly costs and the downsizing of
microchips. In that respect and considering an Industry 4.0 scenario, the study of a
new assembly approach for passive and high frequency RFID tags has been proposed
and studied in this thesis.
In this new approach, which is based on the inkjet printing technology, a specifically
designed radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) will be delivered, inside a
liquid dielectric droplet, onto the antenna and no longer placed and oriented precisely
as it happens nowadays with pick-and-place and flip chip machines. After a landing
phase, the liquid droplet (with the encapsulated chip) will self-aligns with respect
to the contact thanks to capillary forces driven by specifically designed wetting
conditions on the substrate of the antenna. Finally, with few additional steps, the
complete RFID tag is created.
This research project brings to light a considerable simplification and a very high
potential of parallelization, compatible with large volume manufacturing methods, in
comparison to nowadays existing technologies. This may substantially drive down
the fabrication costs. An in-depth analysis of electrical performances have been
carefully undertaken and compliance with the ISO/IEC 144443 standard has been
verified. Mathematical models have been developed showing fundamental limits for
the maximum tag reading range and power requirements of the RFID reader.
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Adjali, Imad. "Approche statistique pour la quantification des performances d'antennes fortement couplées : application à la RFID dans le contexte d'une densité élevée de tags." Thesis, Paris Est, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PESC2011.
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Cette thèse se place dans un contexte applicatif spécifique de la RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) UHF (Ultra-High Frequency) pour lequel un grand nombre de tags RFID est concentré dans un volume réduit. Ce contexte conduit à des configurations pour lesquelles les antennes associées aux tags sont fortement couplées. Dans ces conditions de fort couplage et de forte densité de tags, une antenne peut voir son impédance d’entrée désadaptée et son diagramme de rayonnement distordue. La conséquence de cette diminution des performances de l’antenne tag est la réduction globale du taux de lecture des tags liée à la dégradation du bilan de liaison individuel entre certains tags et l’antenne lecteur. Afin d’appréhender ce problème fortement aléatoire du fait de la distribution à priori inconnue des tags, il est nécessaire de développer une méthode statistique robuste. Pour atteindre des temps de simulation raisonnables malgré un grand nombre de réalisations de distributions aléatoires de tags, l’approche choisie dans cette thèse est de modéliser les antennes tags et le couplage entre antennes par des antennes dipôles grâce à des modèles analytiques basés sur la méthode IEMF. Ces dipôles peuvent être chargés sur des impédances adaptées ou non pour s’approcher du cas réel d’antennes tags chargées par l’impédance d’entrée des puces RFID. Les modèles analytiques sont validés par des méthodes numériques et des mesures. Les analyses statistiques des données concernent la désadaptation en impédance et le gain dans la direction du lecteur. Des analyses statistiques sont également effectuées sur des simulations de tags commerciaux avec une corrélation satisfaisante avec les résultats de dipôles. A terme, ce travail de thèse portant sur le « comportement de groupe » d’antennes doit fournir les outils d’analyse et de synthèse nécessaires pour évaluer la robustesse d’un design d’antenne RFID dans un environnement proche caractérisé par une forte densité de tags et un fort couplageThis context of this thesis is that of UHF RFID use cases where a large number of RFID tags is concentrated in a limited volume. This context leads to scenarios in which the tag antennas can be strongly coupled electromagnetically. Under the conditions of high coupling and high density of tags, an antenna can be mismatched and its radiation pattern distorted. As a result of the antenna’s loss of performance, a global reduction of the tags reading rate can be observed as well as a drop of the reading distance for some of the tags. In order to tackle this highly random problem flowing from the unknown distribution of tags, the approach developed in this work is to assume that the electromagnetic coupling between antennas can be modeled by analytical formulas of self and mutual impedances valid for straight resonant dipoles. These dipoles can be loaded by complex impedances corresponding to the chip input impedances of real commercial RFID tags. The analytical models are validated by numerical simulations and experimental results. Statistical studies are performed for a large number of dipole distributions in terms of impedance mismatch and embedded gain variations in the direction of the reader. A statistical analysis of simulated commercial tags is also performed showing a good correlation with the dipole statistics. In the future, this work on the “group behavior” of antennas should provide the analysis and synthesis tools required for a robust evaluation of the tag performances in an environment characterized by a high tag density
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Butt, Munam. "Systemization of RFID Tag Antenna Design Based on Optimization Techniques and Impedance Matching Charts." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23064.
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The performance of commercial Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags is primarily limited by present techniques used for tag antenna design. Currently, industry techniques rely on identifying the RFID tag application (books, clothing, etc.) and then building antenna prototypes of different configurations in order to satisfy minimum read range requirements. However, these techniques inherently lack an electromagnetic basis and are unable to provide a low cost solution to the tag antenna design process. RFID tag performance characteristics (read-range, chip-antenna impedance matching, surrounding environment) can be very complex, and a thorough understanding of the RFID tag antenna design may be gained through an electromagnetic approach in order to reduce the tag antenna size and the overall cost of the RFID system. The research presented in this thesis addresses RFID tag antenna design process for passive RFID tags. With the growing number of applications (inventory, supply-chain, pharmaceuticals, etc), the proposed RFID antenna design process demonstrates procedures to design tag antennas for such applications. Electrical/geometrical properties of the antennas designed were investigated with the help of computer electromagnetic simulations in order to achieve optimal tag performance criteria such as read range, chip-impedance matching, antenna efficiency, etc. Experimental results were performed on the proposed antenna designs to compliment computer simulations and analytical modelling.
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Teixeira, Silva Fernando. "Emballage intelligent : faisabilité de l’utilisation d’un biocapteur couplé à un tag RFID UHF pour le suivi de la température." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT124/document.
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L’emballage intelligent (EI) est une technologie émergente basée sur la fonction communicative des emballages. La radio-identification (RFID) est considérée comme le concept le plus prometteur de l’EI. La RFID fait référence aux technologies et systèmes qui utilisent les ondes radio (sans fil) pour transmettre et identifier de manière exclusive et/ou suivre des objets avec une information précise en temps réel.Cette thèse est basée sur une recherche innovante des propriétés électriques (capacité, permittivité réelle et perte) de la protéine de soja isolée, de la gélatine et du caséinate de sodium, et vise leur utilisation comme capteurs de température, associés à l’étiquette RFID. Les variables étaient la température (20°C jusqu’à 80°C) et l’humidité (90% HR) qui sont normalement utilisées pour la cuisson de la viande. La gélatine s’est révélée être le capteur le plus sensible. Après cette partie, plusieurs étapes ont été menées :• L’analyse de l’impact de l’épaisseur du film de gélatine sur la capacité et la détermination de plusieurs paramètres tels que la sensibilité, l’hystérésis et la répétabilité;• La couverture de gélatine sur l’étiquette RFID, testée à 90% HR et à température variable (de 20°C à 80°C) en condition pilote. L’impact sur la bande de lecture a été analysé.Le potentiel de la gélatine en tant que capteur a été démontré à une épaisseur de 38 µm à laquelle la capacité était stable de 20°C à 80°C et à Ultra-Haute Fréquence (300-900 MHz). L’échantillon de 125 µm a subi une dégradation électrothermique entre 60°C et 80°C. Pour surmonter ce phénomène, 600 MHz ont été appliqués. Un équilibre entre l’épaisseur et la fréquence devrait être considéré pour augmenter la sensibilité qui était de 0,14 pF/°C (125 µm à 600 MHz) et 0,045 pf/°C (38 µm à 868 MHz), influençant les résultats lors de la simulation de cuisson de la viande. La réutilisation du même capteur a conduit à une perte de masse réduisant la sensibilité. L'étiquette RFID couverte d’un film de gélatine sur l'antenne a pu donner de différence significative (p <0,05) dans la bande de lecture théorique (BLT) à 868, 915 et 960 MHz. Également dans cette layout, la BLT a été la même pour la même température croissante et décroissante (pas de hystérésis) dans la zone critique (60°C-80°C et 60°C-20°C) à 915 MHz. Ces résultats prometteurs ouvrent une porte à une nouvelle conception de capteurs de température basés sur les biomatériaux, renouvelable at à faible coût, couplé avec des étiquettes RFID passives pour l’emballage intelligentIntelligent packaging (IP) is an emerging technology based on the communication function of packages. Radio frequency Identification (RFID) is considered the most promising concept of IP. RFID refers to technologies and systems that use radio waves (wireless) to transmit and uniquely identify and/or track objects with accurate information in a real time.The present thesis is based on an innovative study of the electrical (capacitance) and dielectric properties (real permittivity and loss factor) of soybean isolated protein, gelatin and sodium caseinate aiming at their use as a sensor of temperature coupled with RFID tags. The environmental variables were temperature (range from 20°C up to 80°C) and humidity (90% RH) that are normally used for meat cooking. Gelatin was the most sensitive sensor. After this first part, several steps have been set up:• Analysing the impact of gelatin film thickness on electrical capacitance and the determination of several parameters such as sensitivity, hysteresis and repeatability;• The coating of gelatin on a RFID tag tested at 90% RH and variation of temperature (20°C up to 80°C) in a pilot condition. The impact on the reading range was analysed.The potential of gelatin as a sensor was demonstrated at thickness of 38 µm and 125 µm. For the first case, the capacitance was stable at 20°C up to 80°C and at Ultra High Frequency band (300-900 MHz). Sample with 125 µm has suffered the electro-thermal breakdown between 60-80°C. To overcome this phenomenon, 600 MHz was applied. A balance between thickness and frequency should be consider to increase the sensitivity that was 0.14 pF/°C (125 m at 600 MHz); this value was higher than 0.045 pF/°C (38 m at 868 MHz) influencing the results in the simulation of meat cooking. Reuse of the same sensor has led to mass loss reducing the sensitivity. The feasibility of gelatin sensor-enable RFID tag was demonstrated. The tag covered by gelatin film in the whole antenna was suitable because it was able to deliver different Theoretical Reading Range (TRR) (p<0.05) for 868 MHz, 915 MHz and 960 MHz. At this layout also, the TRR was the same (without hysteresis) for the rising and descending temperature at the critical zone (60°C- 80°C and 60°C-20°C) at 915 MHz. These promisor results open a window for new conception of temperature sensor based on biomaterial that confers advantages, such as low cost and eco-friendly property sought to be interfaced to passive RFID tags for intelligent packaging
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Kuo, Hung-Chang, and 郭宏彰. "Study of AC/DC Charge Pump of RFID Tag with Inductively-coupled Broadband Antenna." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83672886672709859607.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
電信工程系所
95
Radio frequency identification (RFID) has received much attention.The RF to DC conversion efficiency is crucial for long range application in UHF band.The front end of the passive tag combined with the broadband antenna at 915MHz is investigated. Two subjects of high efficient charge-pump and antenna matching are focused in this study. This AC/DC charge-pump circuit is manufactured by TSMC 0.18um process.The multiplier factor is 8.575 for ten stage conversion.It can perform well at 0~80℃ and at 915MHz~2.4GHz.The dc voltage is regulated to 850mV with input power lying between -6~6dBm.Its Rising Time and Falling Time are 1.3776ms and 8.6546ms, respectively.Based on the Inductively-coupled mechanism, its bandwidth achieves 626MHz.The antenna gain is 2.701 dbi centered at 915MHz.Under complex conjugate matching between antenna and charge pump, the measured range can reach 4.3m with stable DC output voltage equal to 1.3V.
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Huang, Sheng-Chi, and 黃聖棋. "A Knowledge-based Query Tree Protocol with Shortcutting and Couple Resolution for RFID Tag Identification." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20627864300805481845.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
資訊管理系
98
In Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems, the reader identifies tags through communication over a shared wireless channel. When multiple tags transmit their IDs simultaneously, their signals collide, increasing the identification delay. One important approach of the RFID tag identification protocol is Query Tree protocol (QT). In general RFID applications, a RFID system has a database, which owns all tag IDs that possibly occur. Thus, we consider the case that the RFID system has this knowledge and propose a Query Tree protocol with Shortcutting and Couple-resolution techniques (QTSC). From the database of RFID system, QTSC constructs a knowledge-based query tree, which stores each query that can identifies each tag stored in the database. Then, QTSC not only uses the shortcutting technique, which searches this knowledge-based query tree to skip many redundant queries, but also adopts the couple-resolution technique to couple two tags by simultaneously transmitting two ID prefixes from the reader for reducing the identification delay time. Our simulation results show that QTSC obviously outperforms QT and the previous method, namely, Knowledge-based Query Tree protocol (KQT).
Book chapters on the topic "Tags RFID couplés"
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Zuffanelli, Simone. "Radiation Properties of Edge-Coupled Split-Ring Resonators (EC-SRRs) and Derived Structures." In Antenna Design Solutions for RFID Tags Based on Metamaterial-Inspired Resonators and Other Resonant Structures, 47–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62030-5_2.
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Mejdoub, Hanae, Mohammed El Ghazaoui, Hassan Qjidaa, and Rachid El Alami. "Design of a Smart RFID Tags Antenna Using an Inductively Coupled Loop." In Advances in Computational Intelligence and Robotics, 433–50. IGI Global, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-3775-2.ch022.
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The objective of this chapter is to study the performance of the RFID (radio frequency identification) technology and especially the passive UHF RFID (ultra high frequency RFID) tags by means of simulation. In this chapter, the authors discuss the design of a smart RFID tags antenna using an inductively coupled loop at 915 MHz in order to achieve complex impedance matching between the antenna impedance and the chip selected with high performance. The antenna is printed on a Rogers RT/duroid 5880 substrate with a relative permittivity of 2.2 and thickness of 1.575 mm. Studies demonstrate that the inductively coupled loop matching technique is a good candidate to adapt the antenna impedance to chip impedance. They have achieved an adaptation of 99.90%, a very wide bandwidth of 409.6 MHz, a broadside and asymmetrical radiation pattern in the E-plane, a read range of 21.19 m, and an antenna gain of 4.17 dB with the inductively coupled loop matching technique.
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Burmester, Mike, and Jorge Munilla. "RFID Grouping-Proofs." In Security and Trends in Wireless Identification and Sensing Platform Tags, 89–119. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-1990-6.ch004.
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Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a challenging wireless technology with a great potential for supporting supply and inventory management. In this chapter the authors consider a particular application in which a group of tagged items are scanned to generate a record of simultaneous presence called a grouping-proof. Grouping-proofs can be used, for instance, to guarantee that drugs are shipped (or dispensed) accompanied by their corresponding information leaflets, to couple the user’s electronic passport with his/her bags, to recognize the presence of groups of individuals and/or equipment and more generally to support the security of supply and inventory systems. Although it is straightforward to design solutions when the verifier is online since it is sufficient for individual tags to authenticate themselves to the verifier, interesting security engineering challenges arise when the trusted server (or verifier) is not online during the scan activity. So, the field of grouping-proofs is very active, and many works have been published so far. This chapter details the setting for RFID grouping-proofs and discuss the threat model for such applications. The authors analyze some of the grouping-proofs proposed in the literature describing their advantages and disadvantages. Then, general guidelines for designing secure grouping-proofs are proposed. Finally, some examples of grouping-proofs that are provably secure in a strong security framework are presented.
Conference papers on the topic "Tags RFID couplés"
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Michel, Andrea, Ada Galuppo, Marcos Rodriguez Pino, Giuliano Manara, and Paolo Nepa. "Electromagnetic Coupler for the Detection of a UHF RFID Tag Inside a Metal Pipe." In 2024 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and INC/USNC‐URSI Radio Science Meeting (AP-S/INC-USNC-URSI), 2709–10. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ap-s/inc-usnc-ursi52054.2024.10686303.
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Gao, Jinlan, Johan Siden, and Hans-Erik Nilsson. "An analytical model for electromagnetically coupled UHF RFID sensor tags." In 2013 IEEE International Conference on RFID (IEEE RFID 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rfid.2013.6548137.
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Scholz, Peter, Christian Reinhold, Werner John, and Ulrich Hilleringmann. "Analysis of Energy Transmission for Inductive Coupled RFID Tags." In 2007 IEEE International Conference on RFID. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rfid.2007.346167.
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Liu, Yulong, and Terry Tao Ye. "Coupled Planar Coil (CPC) Antenna as a Displacement Sensor for NFC or HF RFID Tags." In 2020 IEEE International Conference on RFID (RFID). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rfid49298.2020.9244820.
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Alhassoun, Mohammad, and Gregory D. Durgin. "A Comparative Study of Coupler-Based Retrodirective Arrays for Next-Generation RFID Tags." In 2019 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rfid-ta.2019.8892047.
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Bhadra, Sharmistha, Mike McDonald, Douglas J. Thomson, Michael S. Freund, and Greg E. Bridges. "An inductively coupled passive tag for remote basic volatile sensing." In 2014 IEEE International Conference on RFID (IEEE RFID 2014). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rfid.2014.6810725.
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Saetia, Christopher, and Gregory D. Durgin. "Low-Power, Retrodirective Tunneling RFID Tag Design with Rat-Race Coupler and Reflection Amplifiers." In 2024 IEEE International Conference on RFID (RFID). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rfid62091.2024.10582509.
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Alhawari, A. R. H., A. Ismail, A. S. A. Jalal, R. S. A. Raja Abdullah, and M. F. A. Rasid. "U-shaped inductively coupled feed RFID tag antenna for gain enhancement." In 2013 IEEE International Conference on RFID-Technologies and Applications (RFID-TA 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rfid-ta.2013.6694498.
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Bashri, M. S. R., M. I. Ibrahimy, and S. M. A. Motakabber. "A planar wideband inductively coupled feed patch antenna for UHF RFID tag." In 2013 IEEE International Conference on RFID-Technologies and Applications (RFID-TA 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rfid-ta.2013.6694504.
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Pachler, Walther, Jasmin Grosinger, Wolfgang Bosch, Philipp Greiner, Gunter Hofer, and Gerald Holweg. "An on-chip capacitive coupled RFID tag." In 2014 8th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eucap.2014.6902573.
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