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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Tacit Knowledge'

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Published: 4 June 2021
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1

Gill, S. P. "Tacit knowledge and dialogue for knowledge transfer." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599421.

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This dissertation investigates the limitations to representing knowledge. It is concerned with the process of the formation and transfer of knowledge in design. It focuses on the component termed 'knowledge engineering'. This is an essential part of the process of designing knowledge-based systems. In this work, knowledge engineering is defined as: the process of selecting relevant information for a system and considering how that information is made available to the system as well as to the user. Traditional knowledge engineering supposes that all knowledge can be represented in a propositional form. This rests on the idea that knowledge is universal, non-contextual, time-independent, and depersonalised. It is argued in this dissertation that this idea can be traced back to Plato's discussion of reason over emotions, and survives in the current computer metaphor within which the mind-body distinction has become a discipline called 'cognitive science'. The research explores the limitations of this idea by exploring thoroughly the nature of context dependency and experience within the process of knowledge transfer. The work expands upon the premise that knowledge exists in praxis/experience and has a personal and social dimension. It draws upon a framework of various 'human-centred' European traditions of both design and application studies on computer-based applications. This research provides a framework for the analysis of knowledge transfer in dialogue within design, and thereby for the analysis of processes which make up design. Concepts and design decisions are forms of knowledge formation and involve knowledge transfer. The framework identifies factors determining the situational meaning of a concept, and thereby a design decision.
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2

Gill, Satinder P. "Dialogue and tacit knowledge for knowledge transfer." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360777.

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3

Barber, Alexander. "Tacit-knowledge of linguistic theories." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ29883.pdf.

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4

Barber, Alexander. "Tacit-knowledge of linguistic theories." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41974.

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What is the best way to understand 'applies to' when it is said of a linguistic theory that it applies to a particular language-user? We can answer by saying that a linguistic theory is applicable to an individual language-user just in case that individual tacitly-knows the theory. But this is an uninformative answer until we are told how to understand 'tacit-knowledge'. The end goal of this thesis is to defend the claim that we should take tacit-knowledge to be, simply, knowledge. Towards this end I argue against the satisfactoriness of competing ways of understanding 'tacit-knowledge'. For example, the instrumentalist position is neutral on whether linguistic theories are actually known by the ordinary language-users who tacitly-know them; instead, linguistic theories are to be such that knowing them would enable someone to do whatever it is that the tacit-knower can do. Other competing positions hold that, though tacit-knowledge is a psychological relation of some sort, it is not genuine knowledge. I also attempt to meet specific objections to the claim that a typical language-user (as opposed to a linguistic theorist) could plausibly be said to know a linguistic theory. An objection on which I focus is based on the claim that typical language-users do not possess the requisite concepts for having genuine knowledge of a linguistic theory. The aim in attempting to meet these objections is to open up the way for the linguistic theorist to exploit a paradigm of explanation: explanation of behaviour by knowledge attribution. Attributing knowledge of linguistic theories would be potentially explanatory of linguistic behaviour in exactly the same way that attributions of knowledge in non-linguistic spheres are potentially explanatory of behaviour. Finally, because my emphasis is specifically on semantic theories, I attempt to explicate and defend the claim that a semantic theory could and should have the form of a theory of truth.
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5

Plazas, Andrea. "Exploring Tacit Knowledge in Organizations." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/959.

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There has been a growing prevalent interest to explore the role of knowledge in organizations. Bhardwaj and Monin (2006) identified the knowledge of individuals' as a valuable source of competitive advantage. An organizations well-rounded institutional memory- the organizations collective experiences (Rothwell & Poduch, 2004), fosters competitive advantage. There is a prevailing need to scrutinize the role of tacit knowledge in organizations and how it's hard to articulate nature makes it difficult for organizations to acquire and preserve institutional memory value. The aim of this review is to illustrate that tacit knowledge contributes significantly to the institutional memory value, expansion and preservation. In an effort to simplify this relationship between tacit knowledge and institutional memory, a comprehensive literature search was performed. I first discuss the role of knowledge in organizations and use the literature on tacit knowledge as a guide to explain the importance of its elicitation for institutional memory expansion and preservation. I then propose: (1) the use of tacit knowledge elicitation as a mediator, and (2) recommend training and a learning organization environment as moderators, for the contribution to take place. Finally, I suggest that organizations: (a) Elicit tacit knowledge sharing at their human capital development training programs (b) develop and implement this trainings at managerial levels, and (c) a "know-why" method to elicit and capture tacit knowledge in a reference guide, to consequently add value to the institutional memory, I conclude with a discussion of implications and limitations for the proposed perspective, and provide suggestions for future research.
B.S.
Bachelors
Sciences
Psychology
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6

Clarke, Timothy. "The development of a tacit knowledge spectrum based on the interrelationships between tacit and explicit knowledge." Thesis, Cardiff Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10369/909.

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Tacit knowledge is a valuable asset to organisations which is not readily being recognised. Years of experience and understanding of an organisations processes, operations and clients, is being lost on a daily basis through the turnover of employees, whether through natural wastage or in these times of recession a cutting back of the workforce. The loss of this information (tacit knowledge) can be critical to the day to day running of the organisation and in many cases it is irreplaceable. Organisations need to capture this knowledge and turn it into explicit knowledge to enhance the future knowledge capital of the organisation. The undertaking of this thesis is to explore the relationship between tacit knowledge and explicit knowledge and their interaction when converting tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge. A review is carried out of current methodologies available to organisations for the management of tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge. Following the review, cases studies are carried out to test a series of interventions designed to promote understanding of knowledge management and the conversion of tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge. From the findings of the case studies, it can be found that tacit knowledge is not a single entity that can be converted into explicit knowledge, but it can be broken down into elements, which have to be considered independently in order to facilitate the knowledge transfer process. From evaluation of the research for this thesis, a Tacit Knowledge Spectrum Model is developed to represent the elements of tacit knowledge. The Model gives a clear view of the complexity of tacit knowledge and the inter-relationship of the elements that make up tacit knowledge. By creating a better understanding of tacit knowledge and its elements and their interaction with explicit knowledge, organisations will be better placed to manage tacit knowledge and their knowledge capital.
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7

Dawes, Keith Harold Australian Graduate School of Management Australian School of Business UNSW. "Tacit assumptions of senior managers." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Australian Graduate School of Management, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/35253.

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This thesis documents an investigation into the role that tacit knowledge takes in the mental life of senior managers. The research resulted from the author???s work in New South Wales in facilitating assessment and development centres over a five year period, carried out in collaboration with senior managers from several organizations. A frequent comment made by senior managers was that there seemed to be a gulf between the data obtained objectively from behaviourally measured managerial competencies and the senior managers??? own perceptions of their managerial behaviour. Having earlier researched the role of thought processes out of awareness, the author developed the overall aim of the present study ??? to develop some form of training procedures for senior managers that would enhance the use of tacit processes in their managerial behaviours. The present dissertation begins with a literature review related to the development of understanding of the role of tacit processes in the mental life of senior managers. First a review is presented of investigations of organisational behaviour reported in the literature on tacit knowledge, including issues such as learning, teams, leadership, distributed cognition and culture. Study of the role of tacit knowledge was found to be present in the study of management behaviours and during the process of the present research, related publications increased in frequency. Finally a review is presented of psychological research into the nature of tacit knowledge. This focuses on a range of historical and current views and on the author???s own earlier study of implicit learning carried out in the early 1990???s. Study One is focused on examination of the process of coding tacit assumptions. This begins with documentation of the ontology, epistemology and methodology underpinning this research. Grounded theory, a well-recognised method of qualitative analysis, was selected as most appropriate for this study and its philosophy, rationale and methods are presented. The aim of Study One was to examine the effect of repeated interviews on the codifying of tacit assumptions of senior managers. The initial research was with 13 senior managers, who were interviewed either once or on multiple occasions. The initial interviews of two of these senior managers were analysed as pilot studies, and these analyses are presented in the present dissertation. The main body of this research comprises multiple interviews (five each) carried out with two of the original thirteen senior managers. The results confirmed the importance of the method of investigation but failed to provide any depth of understanding. Apart from consolidating cognitive closure on a set of managerial competencies, attempting to render tacit knowledge explicit (making the tacit conscious) provided no other significant benefit to the senior managers. The extension of some of these previously tacit assumptions into current cognitive functioning, when coded, assisted in the retention of organisational knowledge but offered no real benefit to the senior managers themselves, no depth of self-knowledge. Study Two arose from a more realistic understanding of tacit processes. The aim of Study Two was to find a way of harnessing the influences of tacit assumptions without trying to surface them ??? to make them ???conscious.??? This is consistent with the writings of such researchers as Nonaka (1991), Baumard (1999) and Spender (2005). By adapting an existing method focusing on subtle mental processes (developed by Norm Kagan in the context of teaching counselling skills and developed further for research first by Diment, Walker and Hammer and then by Sheehan and McConkey ), the author has further developed a technique (The Explicit/Tacit Interface Technique ??? ET~IT) that accesses the tacit processes in the service of the senior manager???s aims. A multiperspective analysis was applied to the feedback interviews of six subjects. This generated a set of characteristics of the ET~IT that hold promise for it to become a useful management development tool. Cohen and Levinthal???s (1990) concept of ???absorptive capacity??? is discussed as a possible starting point for indicating individual differences in successful interfacing with tacit processes. Finally recommendations for further improvement, consideration of constraints and their minimization and methods for evaluating future research into the tacit assumptions of senior managers are presented. Study Two concludes with discussion of how the results can be used as part of senior management development.
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8

Lam, Kee Yung. "The role of tacit knowledge in knowledge intensive project management." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/3396.

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The traditional doctrine of project management, having evolved from operations management, has been dominated by a rationalist approach in terms of planning and control. There is increasing criticism that this prescriptive approach is deficient for the management of dynamically complex projects which is a common characteristic for modern-day projects. In response to this and the relative lack of scholarly literature, this study uses an emergent grounded theory design to discover and understand the softer, intangible aspects of project management. With primary data collected from twenty semi-structured personal interviews, this study explores the lived experiences of project practitioners and how they 'muddle through' the complex social setting of a knowledge intensive financial services organisation. The model which evolved from the research portrays the project practitioner as being exposed to multiple cues, with multiple meanings around five causal themes: environmental, organisational, nature of the task, role and knowledge capability. In response to these cues, the practitioner reflects upon their emotions and past experiences in order to make sense of the uncertain situation to determine their necessary course of action. As a coping strategy the project practitioner takes on the role of bricoleur, by making do by applying combinations of the resources at hand, in order to facilitate the successful delivery of their projects.
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9

Maass, Nora, and Lovisa Stenberg. "Kunskap är makt -eller- Tacit Knowledge Management." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1539.

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Today we are living in a knowledge-society where knowledge sharing is of utmost importance for companies in order to keep their competitiveness. Therefore, it is a much debated issue - in both the academic and the corporate world - in what way one should handle the knowledge which continuously is created within companies. The aim of this study is to describe how practitioners share tacit knowledge within a large knowledge company. By that we aim to get an answer to how the chosen theoretical models regarding tacit knowledge relate to the empirical world. In this study we will focus on tacit knowledge in contrast to explicit one. Further we will not study knowledge sharing between organisations but concentrate on this process within them. We chose to approach the purpose of this study in a qualitative way by conducting interviews within a large knowledge-firm. The company was Systems Integration within the Ericsson-group where we held interviews with four persons familiar with knowledge. Furthermore, we have perceived that theories concerning the knowledge-sharing process are relatively fragmented. Therefore, we have built a model which links the different theories together in order to give a better overview of the whole process. Having conducted the study, we found that the case company to some extent handlesknowledge in line with the theories chosen. Furthermore, we came to the conclusion that some modifications in the model are necessary in order to achieve a successful knowledge-sharing process.

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10

Libetta, Leslie P. "Tacit knowledge and the computerisation of skill." Thesis, University of Bath, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328535.

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11

St, Germain Lorraine. "Investigation of tacit knowledge in principal leadership." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280453.

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This study investigated how the tacit knowledge of novice and expert principals was demonstrated in problem-solving situations. Participant profiles were developed and contrasted using the transformational leadership dimensions identified by Leithwood (Leithwood and Steinbach, 1993, 1995). A phenomenological approach was selected as the primary theoretical perspective. The qualitative methodology employed the protocol developed by Nestor-Baker (2002), along with a comparative method of interpreting the data (Patton, 2002). Three expert and three novice principals were each interviewed twice to determine how they used their tacit knowledge within self-identified, problem-solving incidents. Results were analyzed by horizonalizing the data and identifying those portions of the interview that formed the essence, or the invariant constituents of the experience (Moustakas, 1994, p. 121). The invariant constituents were clustered into leadership dimensions and individual textural-structural descriptions were generated for the participants. Experts possessed a greater accumulation of tacit knowledge than did novices. Experts tended to maintain a calmer approach, to see long-term ramifications immediately, and to have a better sense of timing for problem-solving. Experts demonstrated greater if-then thinking, had a better understanding of interpersonal relationships, employed Model II (Arygris and Schon, 1974) thinking, and used context more effectively than did novices. Experts used tacit knowledge more inclusively in contexts that required an understanding of the effects of social class than did novices. Novices used Model I thinking, tended to become emotionally affected by problems, delayed problem-solving, and experienced a disconnect between intellectually reflecting upon problems and reaching appropriate, timely, solutions. The identification of leadership dimensions by participants was found to be inconsistent. Expert secondary principals tended to think and act upon identifying and articulating a vision and fostering group goals. The secondary novice principal focused most upon providing individual support. The elementary school expert principal emphasized identifying and articulating a vision and providing individual support. The elementary novice principals focused most upon fostering the acceptance of group goals. The researcher concluded that experience alone does not signify expertise. The accumulation of tacit knowledge, along with experience, results in expert school principal leadership.
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12

Stahl, Jürgen. "Virtual Tacid [Tacit] Knowledge Managements : Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des virtuellen Managements von implizitem Wissen /." Saarbrücken : VDM, Müller, 2006. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2867063&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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13

Hall, Heather Leigh. "Knowledge management in times of change: Tacit and explicit knowledge transfers." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4963/.

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This study proposed a look at the importance and challenges of knowledge management in times of great change. In order to understand the information phenomena of interest, impacts on knowledge workers and knowledge documents in times of great organizational change, the study is positioned in a major consolidation of state agencies in Texas. It pays special attention to how the changes were perceived by the knowledge workers by interviewing those that were impacted by the changes resulting from the reorganization. The overall goal is to assess knowledge management in times of great organizational change by analyzing the impact of consolidation on knowledge management in Texas's Health and Human Services agencies. The overarching research question is what happened to the knowledge management structure during this time of great change? The first research question was what was the knowledge worker environment during the time of change? The second research question was what was the knowledge management environment of the agencies during the time of change? The last research question was did consolidation of the HHS agencies diminish the ability to transition from tacit to explicit knowledge? Additionally, the study investigates how the bill that mandated the consolidation was covered in the local media as well as the actual budget and employee loss impact of the consolidation in order to better understand the impacts on knowledge workers and knowledge documents as a result of major organizational restructuring. The findings have both theoretical and practical implications for information science, knowledge management and project management.
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14

Gamble, Jeanne. "Tacit knowledge in craft pedagogy : a sociological analysis." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14963.

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Bibliography: leaves 201-218.
This thesis explores the relationship between tacit knowledge and a pedagogy that centres round a master-apprentice relationship, in order to locate tacit craft knowledge within a broader taxonomy of knowledge forms and their transmission practices. By its own definition tacit knowledge constitutes a unique class of phenomenon, namely that which is not presentable in language. It is thus a difficult concept to grasp and an even more difficult concept to represent in words. Evidence from a single qualitative case study on craft transmission practices m the institutional training centre of the Furniture Industry Training Board (known as the 'trade school') in Cape Town is presented and analysed in accordance with a conceptual scheme that derives from the earlier work of Basil Bernstein. Against the background of this analysis of craft pedagogy, the nature of the 'tacit' is explored through a detailed analysis of the evaluative requirements of the final trade test. Thereafter a conceptual model is developed to provide a theoretical explanation for the form that tacit craft knowledge takes. The findings show that strong external 'classification' and 'framing' relations (terms developed by Bernstein) constitute the trade school as a specialised context that is temporarily insulated from the work practices of mass production factories. It is a particular relation between work organisation, tool and materials usage, that retains the traditional craft or trade of cabinet making as the 'identity' recognised as legitimate in the trade school. Internal 'framing' displays two modalities. While strong macro pacing that resembles the daily routine in a factory is maintained throughout the five stages of the apprenticeship curriculum, very weak initial framing over selection, sequencing and macro pacing allows apprentices to develop their own rhythms of work and to make their own decisions about task realisation. However, just before the end of the final stage and before apprentices take their final trade test framing over selection, sequencing and pacing is strengthened and made explicit. Evaluation criteria are very strongly framed in all stages of the apprenticeship curriculum. In terms of the regulative discourse of the trade school the master-apprentice relation is undoubtedly an asymmetrical relation that is mediated through a surrogate kinship role taken on by the master-trainer to exercise a form of positional control. The qualities of character and conduct that are transmitted are those of the autonomous artisan representing a collective craft tradition. The outcome of a strongly classified and framed craft pedagogy that centres round a master/apprentice relationship is found to be an external performance that is grounded or embedded in an internally held competence. Such internalised competence refers to a capacity for visualisation that acts as a proxy for a relationship between 'parts' and 'whole' that cannot be rendered in words. This relationship is held in the body and constitutes what can be called the 'tacit' in craft. The identity of the craft worker or 'tradesman' rests crucially on this combination of external performance and internalised time-space relation. Given this understanding of craft it becomes possible to describe craft as a restricted form of context independent 'knowledge' rather than merely as 'skill'. The conceptual model that is developed in the later part of the thesis locates craft as a form of knowledge that is independent of context in the sense that all craft knowledge realises an order of relation between the features of the object being made that is given by a particular embodied principle of arrangement. It is on this basis that craft takes its place in a systematic taxonomy of knowledge forms, which, although functioning at a fairly high level of abstraction, is nevertheless consistent with the empirical findings of the study. Implications of thesis findings and conclusions for an understanding of knowledge and pedagogy more generally are presented in the final chapter.
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15

Hurst, Lauren R. "Identifying Tacit Knowledge Used by Secondary School Teachers." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1269962496.

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16

Lozinski, Michalene. "Identifying Tacit Knowledge Use Among Experienced School Psychologists." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1325718918.

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17

Nestor-Baker, Nancy Sue. "Tacit knowledge in the superintendency : an exploratory analysis /." The Ohio State University, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488191667184603.

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18

Corwin, Rhonda Jean. "Strategies to Retain Tacit Knowledge From Baby Boomers." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/460.

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Baby boomer employees who leave the workplace without sharing tacit knowledge create a knowledge gap within the organization. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore strategies local government leaders use to retain tacit knowledge of baby boomer employees. Six government leaders who worked in the Midwest United States participated in the study and shared their experiences and perceptions. Building upon systems theory, transformational leadership theory, and knowledge management theory, research was conducted to identify strategies to retain tacit knowledge from retiring baby boomers. Physical artifacts and participant interview data were collected and analyzed using traditional text analysis. Adjoining terms were highlighted and clusters of repeated and related words were coded into themes. Three themes emerged: (a) mentoring, (b) generational differences, and (c) lack of structured systems. Mentoring was the most critical strategy leaders used to retain tacit knowledge from baby boomer employees. Acquiring collaborative leaders who foster a knowledge-sharing environment, create a structured system for retaining knowledge, and encourage communication between multigenerational teams remained imperative to retain tacit knowledge. Implications for positive social change include taking advantage of the human capital and resources the baby boomer population characterized, and educating other government leaders to improve performance within government agencies. Other social change implications include the potential of leaders to train older workers to share tacit knowledge with new workers, and of managers to incorporate strategies to mentor new workers replacing the older workforce.
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19

Zappavigna, Michele. "Eliciting Tacit Knowledge with a Grammar-targeted Interview Method." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1909.

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Tacit knowledge represents a challenge to knowledge elicitation due to the assumption that this type of knowledge cannot be articulated. We argue that Polanyi's (1966:4) widely cited notion that “we know more than we can tell” represents a weak model of language that does not acknowledge the grammatical patterns in spoken discourse that we, as speakers, apply tacitly. We investigate the hypothesis that individuals articulate what they know through grammatical patterns, referred to as under-representation, without direct awareness. This thesis develops and pilots a grammar-targeted interview method aimed at unpacking specific grammatical features that occur in spoken discourse. The model of language from which these features are derived is Systemic Functional Linguistics. We report findings from three empirical studies of tacit knowledge in corporate organisations where we used the grammar-targeted interview technique to elicit tacit knowledge in the areas of knowledge management, requirements analysis and performance reviews. We compare this interview method with a content-targeted approach. The results show that the grammar-targeted technique produces less under-represented discourse thus allowing tacit knowledge held by the interviewees to be made visible. Based on the linguistic analyses undertaken in these field studies we propose that Polanyi’s expression “we know more than we tell” be reformulated to “we tell more than we realise we know”.
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20

Aufderheide, Derek, Jeremy Maloy, and Michael Corrigan. "Air Force Operational Contracting Knowledge Assessment: analyzing explicit and tacit contracting knowledge." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10729.

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MBA Professional Report
The Defense Acquisition Workforce Improvement Act (DAWIA) establishes education and training standards for acquisition personnel. These standards culminate into ascending levels of certification for acquisition professionals based on education, training, and experience. While the intent of DAWIA certification is to ensure acquisition professionals possess the requisite knowledge and experience to perform their duties, currently no method exists to effectively measure an individual's contracting knowledge. The Air Force Operational Contracting Knowledge Assessment (OCKA-AF) attempts to accurately assess an individual's tacit (experiential) and explicit (factual) operational contracting knowledge across the six phases of the contracting process. The assessment tool also identifies knowledge gaps between tacit and explicit knowledge. The OCKA-AF was deployed in the form of a web-based survey to two Air Force operational contracting squadrons and Air Force contracting students attending the Naval Postgraduate School. The survey results were analyzed, upon which recommendations were made to reduce existing tacit and explicit contracting knowledge gaps. Due to its knowledge assessment capability, the OCKA-AF may be beneficial to supervisors and senior contracting leadership in determining whether current training efforts are producing the desired results in knowledge capture or provide insight into areas requiring further training emphasis.
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Bajracharya, Pranisha, and Masdeu Natalia Roma. "Tacit Knowledge Transfer in Small Segment of Small Enterprises." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-6209.

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Background: Though small enterprises are regarded as engine for the modern economy, they are not pioneers when it comes to implementing new advances like tacit knowledge transfer procedures. Tacit knowledge is often referred as skill, know-how and expertise which are embedded in each individual in an organization. The critical skills and competences of employees are intangible assets and firms’ intellectual resources. In this context, the tacit dimension of knowledge is potentially important to be transferred among individuals, either in tacit or explicit form, to build the core capabilities of small enterprises.

Problem Discussion: The existent Knowledge Management (KM) research has been mainly focused on big companies, providing little information for small enterprises. Authors believe the lack of attention that those small enterprises are putting on the strategic management of their knowledge is worrying. Tacit knowledge is one of the less explored areas within KM due to the difficulty to codify, formulate or express it. Despite this fact, it is perceived as “some kind of Holy Grail that will enable magnificent things to happen as soon as the codes of tacit knowledge have been deciphered”.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to increase the understanding of the transference of tacit knowledge among individuals within small segment of small enterprises.

Method: To gather the information pertaining to tacit knowledge transfer in the small segment of small enterprises, authors have performed a qualitative and explanatory research by conducting several interviews with two small companies.

Result: Tacit to tacit knowledge transfer has been identified as more relevant than tacit to explicit conversion in the small segment of small enterprises. Therefore the main drivers of the transference of tacit knowledge are learning at personal level and common culture. Time, cost and distance have been recognized as major problems for small enterprises when transferring tacit knowledge.

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22

Panahi, Sirous. "Social media and tacit knowledge sharing : physicians' perspectives and experiences." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/69149/1/Sirous_Panahi_Thesis.pdf.

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Tacit knowledge sharing amongst physicians is known to have a significant impact on the quality of medical decisions. This thesis posits that social media can provide new opportunities for tacit knowledge sharing amongst physicians, and demonstrates this by presenting findings from a review of relevant literature and a qualitative survey conducted with physicians. Using thematic analysis, the study revealed five major themes and over twenty sub-themes as potential contributions of social media to tacit knowledge flow amongst physicians.
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23

Woo, Jeong-Han. "Sharing tacit design knowledge in a distributed design environment." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4369.

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Throughout the life-cycle of a design project, architects rely heavily on their tacit design knowledge to support design decisions. Tacit knowledge is highly personal and implicit. As such, it encompasses expertise, intuitive understanding, and professional insight formed as a result of experience. Due to its implicit nature, tacit design knowledge is typically shared only among colleagues who work in the same office through face-toface interactions. With emerging Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) technologies, designers face new opportunities for capturing and reusing tacit design knowledge. However, there is no accepted CMC strategy for sharing tacit design knowledge in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry. This research investigates the impact of tacit design knowledge on design performance in a distributed design environment supported by CMC software. The software was developed and tested in three design studios in which design students sought advice from experts in remote locations. It provides tools for showing images, such as drawings and renderings, and for engaging in a written dialogue (chat session). The written and graphic artifacts of the conversation are stored in a Web-accessible database. The chat sessions included the identification, clarification, and explanation of real problems. Dialogue records provide evidence of a significant influence upon the students’ approach to conceptual design. Content analysis of the comments from the experts provides qualitative evidence for the software’s effectiveness. The participants shared past experience, professional recommendations, and intuitive expectations. In follow-up surveys, most participants reported that their experience with the software was very enjoyable and the software is well-designed to support sharing of design knowledge. This research also suggests that tacit design knowledge may be confidently captured and shared through careful strategic implementation of CMC technology in a distributed design environment. Demographic and attitudinal surveys of the participants suggest that enabling factors for sharing tacit design knowledge include knowledge sharing attitude, just-in-time expertise matching, and timing of the communication.
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Fuller, Lajuan Perronoski. "Trust| A Pathway to Overcome Tacit Knowledge Transfer Barriers." Thesis, Trident University International, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10788944.

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Organizations that value tacit knowledge transfer (TKT) have significant advantages over competitors. The knowledge management (KM) community has identified willingness to share and use information as a TKT barrier. Trust has been revealed as key for building effective organization relationships. This study examined stages of trust as a pathway to bridge barriers that affect TKT. It was theorized that, if stages of professional relationship trust existed, then employees would be willing to share and use tacit knowledge. This was the foundation and inspiration for learning methods to measure and improve TKT. This quantitative research used structural equation modeling to investigate the direct effects of calculus-based trust (CBT), knowledge-based trust (KBT) and identity-based trust (IBT) on willingness to share and use tacit knowledge. Each stage was investigated individually. Results indicated that CBT and KBT significantly influenced TKT among employees. Employees in the CBT and KBT stage were more willing to share and use tacit knowledge. The results confirmed that CBT and KBT were pathways that bridged gaps for learning how to overcome TKT barriers.

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Nousala, Susu, and susnousala@econ-km com. "Tacit knowledge networks and their implementation in complex organisations." RMIT University. Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20070209.095245.

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It is difficult for organizations to effectively manage personal knowledge so it can be mobilized, shared, and rewarded to benefit the organization. These difficulties occur particularly in large geographically dispersed, hierarchical organizations. The management of developing, identifying successful practices, building up and maintaining tacit knowledge, requires an understanding of how these ideas have emerged within the organization through a Tacit Knowledge Exchange (TKE) process. Identification and understanding of TKE characteristics is difficult as they are invisible (tacit). The TKE process in action requires the adoption of multiple methods and approaches employed simultaneously. A series of cases study instances were used as a basis for the methodology, each contributing specific aspects of the methodology. The initial three case study instances, each yielded specific characteristics regarding tacit knowledge exchange and networking. The findings from the initial three case study instances were tested in a large hierarchical, complex engineering organization. This final case study instance, prototyped a methodology to graphically codify, index and build up in-house tacit knowledge abilities through mapping staff knowledge. The final case study instance allowed for investigations into what these TKE characteristics of a complex organization would utilize To date, specific TKE characteristics have not been well understood. This research contributed to specific understanding of the identification TKE characteristics and network structures. The outcome of the research provided a graphical structure identifying who would be likely to possess the kind of knowledge they need to find. The interview process was an important facilitator to precondition the knowledge bearers for sharing, thus locating key
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Muniz, Andrew Everardo. "The retention of tacit knowledge in higher learning administration." Thesis, Baker College (Michigan), 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3568224.

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Higher education institutions (HEIs) could be among organizations without effective programs for preserving tacit knowledge (TK) when knowledge workers retire, quit, take a leave of absence, or are terminated. The theoretical underpinnings of this study were neuroscience related to brain learning physiology, transformational leadership theory, succession planning theory, and knowledge management theory. Research questions addressed (a) what is the level of awareness of the role of tacit knowledge in the administration of higher education, (b) what methods exist for capturing, sharing, and creating tacit knowledge that can be effectively integrated in succession planning, and (c) what unique elements exist in the administration of higher-education that either support or prevent tacit knowledge preservation, sharing, and creation through succession planning initiatives. Data collection involved interviews and document review at a Midwestern college. Findings included the need for trust and open communication and leader behavior to support optimal TK transfer. Participants were aware of TK and its importance and recognized a connection between TK and succession planning. Participants suggested high level activities; emphasized debriefing for verifying TK transfer, transfer of roles and responsibilities over time, continued access to mentors, and allocation of adequate time to deploy these steps in succession planning. The researcher developed a nine-step process model for integrating TK in institutions with a formal succession planning program. This process model includes organization-wide education and communication focused on the concepts of TK and involves steps for capture, measurement, and sustained retention of all forms of TK as part of institutional culture.

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Swart, Juani. "Self-awareness and collective tacit knowledge : an exploratory approach." Thesis, University of Bath, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341144.

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Takhtravanchi, M. "Tacit knowledge integration within the traditional construction procurement system." Thesis, University of Salford, 2017. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/42537/.

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Knowledge management is a broad concept that has been investigated in many disciplines. Tacit knowledge management is more important in construction industry where common issues exist between the design and construction phase. However, most knowledge is embedded in the minds of professions and based on experiences they achieved from project. The successful completion of a project requires a rigorous understanding of each stage of project lifecycle that can be enhanced through integrating knowledge between project members, in terms of capturing and sharing knowledge between project members, and transferring it to the next project. Due to the temporary nature of construction projects, people who work on these project tend to disperse after completion of the project. This means the knowledge and experiences they achieved through project will be wasted, if it is not captured and shared structurally across project. Within this context, the failure to integrate knowledge will result in increasing the possibility of ‘reinventing the wheel’, which means spending more time and cost. The rational that led to this study came as a result of increasing interest in the need for tacit knowledge integration, in terms of capturing, sharing and transferring knowledge, especially within construction project undertaken through the traditional procurement system, because this system is based on the separation of the design and construction phase. The aim of this research is to develop a framework on how to integrate tacit knowledge in terms of capturing, sharing and transferring, within a construction project undertaken through the traditional procurement system. This is done through conducting documentary survey, experts’ survey and case studies sample within the UK construction industry. The documentary survey was used to form researcher’s background information and develop a conceptual framework which would be then taken to real life situation to investigate, gather relevant information and understand the perceptions and values of stakeholders in using knowledge integration within construction projects. Furthermore, an experts’ survey (expert’s interviews) was used to collect qualitative data through interviews with four experts. These experts were from both academia and industry, and they were selected based on their experiences and engagement in the traditional-based construction projects. Multiple-case holistic design was selected for conducting this research, in order to provide credibility to the research outcome. There is only one unit of analysis that is needed to study in order to explore the approaches and techniques that were used by construction organisations for tackling challenges in the process of tacit knowledge integration. Two case studies were selected to reflect the building sector within construction industry. The projects were complex, large and costs over £5m. The selected case studies differ in that one of them is completed project and the other is an ongoing project at construction phase. As most of the problems and errors occurred in project lifecycle are related to designing phase, the cases were selected from same organisation involved at designing phase in order to analyse and compare the process of knowledge integration. Furthermore, an online open-end questionnaire was conducted to collect experts’ opinion on the developed framework. The questionnaire was distributed among 180 experts. In this research the target population was professionals who were involved and experienced in the traditional-based construction project in the UK construction industry. Research findings highlighted three main challenges for integrating tacit knowledge within the traditional construction project which are Organisational Culture, Contractual Boundaries and Knowledge management system (strategies and policies). The Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for tackling these challenges and required techniques for structurally implementing the process of tacit knowledge integration are identified. Furthermore, it is concluded that BIM technology can be used and enhanced the process of tacit knowledge integration, if the two-stage process traditional procurement is adopted. This means construction contractors should be involved in project before the completion of designing phase. Building on the research findings, this research offers a framework, with a guideline, on how to integrate tacit knowledge, in terms of capturing, sharing and transferring, within the traditional construction project.
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Farrar, Nicholas Stewart. "Tacit knowledge, learning and expertise in dry stone walling." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2006. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/4729/.

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This is a detailed study of learning in the context of dry stone walling. It examines what happens in the learning situation. The aim of this work was: 'To understand the nature of expertise in dry stone walling, how it is understood by those practising the craft, and how it is transmitted to others'. The main research questions were, therefore: What happens when dry stone wallers are learning their craft? How do they acquire expertise in dry stone walling? How is this learning communicated? This process necessitated developing a way of engaging with the practitioners, eliciting descriptive data about what they were doing, and why they were doing it, through interviews (or conversations) with both individuals and groups, whilst they practiced their skill. Twenty three wailers were interviewed as they worked, building walls. The material obtained was analysed under seven different themes: 'Knowing how' The use of tacit knowledge or intuition 'Flow' Constant decision making, reflection and learning from mistakes Individual and subjective variations and experiences The relevance of emotion The use of 'rules of thumb' or maxims. Learning walling does not fit simply into any of the seven themes. It is contextualised, complex and individual. It demonstrates tacit knowledge and intuition. It involves emotion, sometimes consciously, sometimes not. It involves memory, problem solving, and learning from mistakes, and reflection. Maxims or 'rules of thumb' were a key element in the learning process at all stages. Linear stages of learning were not evidenced. Deep understanding of the practice is evidenced, and the wider learning and teaching implications are explored.
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Facione, Anethra Adeline. "Baby Boomers Retiring: Strategies for Small Businesses Retaining Explicit and Tacit Knowledge." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2651.

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More than 35% of the U.S. workforce is composed of Baby Boomers who are eligible to retire within the next 5 years. Despite the potential loss of critical expertise, a gap in knowledge retention exists in small consulting businesses. The purpose of this case study was to explore effective strategies for retaining the tacit and explicit knowledge of retiring employees, to avoid operational knowledge drain. Exploration ensued through semistructured interviews at 2 small consulting businesses in the Washington, DC metropolitan area that are adept at innovatively retaining requisite knowledge. The conceptual frameworks of Bass' transformational leadership and Nonaka's knowledge creation led to the identification of strategies to retain tacit and explicit knowledge of retiring Baby Boomers. Seven small business leaders addressed questions on knowledge types, knowledge stimulation and sharing methods, and retention strategies to provide meaningful responses to the knowledge retention phenomenon. Data analysis included the Colaizzi and modified van Kaam methods of mining, categorizing, organizing, and describing participants' statements. Subsequently, the themes that emerged during the analysis identified reward, communication, and motivation as strategies for knowledge-share and transfer. Succession planning, mentoring, documentation, training, and knowledge sharing also emerged as effective methods for knowledge retention. The findings will contribute to social change by illuminating the roles effective leaders practice to influence and foster knowledge management, offering insight to other small businesses having difficulties remaining sustainable as the operational knowledge of Baby Boomers becomes unavailable as they retire.
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Heiker, Iwdal Oskar, and Helena Farah. "Affärsänglar - Ett företags räddning eller fördärv?" Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18545.

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Sammanfattning Behovet av kapital är väldigt stort för ett företag vid uppstarten av verksamheten. Svårigheten att få externt kapital uppstår oftast vid denna fas, då kan nämligen en affärsängel bidra med kapital och vara till stor hjälp för företaget. Affärsängel är en privatperson eller en samling av privatpersoner som investerar finansiellt kapital. Dessa änglar tillför också affärsmässig kunskap till onoterade företag, där de finner tillväxtpotential. För att ett företag skall kunna använda riskkapital som en finansieringskälla på bästa sätt, måste de först uppfatta vad en affärsängel har för egenskaper samt hur de agerar. Syftet med denna uppsats, är att studera hur aktiva affärsänglar resonerar rörande sina investeringar i livscykelns–hypotes. Vidare att studera hur informations-asymmetrin mellan den aktiva affärsängeln och entreprenörer påverkas före och under investeringsprocessen. Vi har utfört en kvalitativ undersökning genom intervjuer med fyra olika affärsänglar i Sverige, för att få en uppfattning om en affärsängels investeringsstrategier samt relationen mellan en affärsängel och entreprenören. Affärsänglar som har valts, är erfarna av denna typ av investering. Detta val på grund av att vi skall få en bred och djupare förståelse om hur affärsänglar går till väga, samt vilka värderingar som affärsänglarna fokuserar på vid sina investeringsbeslut. Den valda teorin som är hämtad från tidigare studier, artiklar och relevanta böcker, vilka är relaterade till investeringens livscykelteori samt informationsasymmetrins teorier, hur dessa påverkar en affärsängels investerings beslut samt strategier i deras dagliga arbete. Med dessa teorier i beaktande har vi samlat in empiriskt material från affärsänglar, vilket redovisas i det empiriska kapitlet. Analysen har skapats i ljuset av empirin och de teoretiska referensramarna, detta för att skapa en trovärdig och realistisk syn på hur en affärsängel agerar under sina investeringsbeslut. I slutsatsen beskrivs de mest väsentliga faktorerna som ligger till grund för affärsänglarnas investeringar.
Abstract The need for capital is very large for a company at the startup of operations. The difficulty to obtain external capital usually occurs at this stage, since it would permit an angel to provide capital and be very helpful for the company. Angel is an individual or a collection of individuals who invest financial capital. These angels also bring business knowledge to unlisted companies where they see growth potential. For a company to use equity as a financing source in the best way, they must first understand what an angel investor has the properties and how they act. The purpose of this thesis is to study how active business angel’s argue regarding their investments in the life cycle hypothesis. Furthermore, to study how information asymmetry between the active business angel and the contractors is affected before and during the investment process. We conduct a qualitative survey through interviews with four business angels in Sweden, to get an idea of a business angel investment strategies and the relationship between an angel and entrepreneur. The business angels that have been selected are experienced in this type of investment. This choice is due to us to have a broad and deep understanding of how business angels go about it, and the values that business angels are focusing on in their investment decisions. The chosen theory is taken from previous studies, articles and relevant books, which are related to the investment's life cycle theory and information asymmetry theories, how they affect a business angel’s investment decisions and strategies in their daily work. With these theories in mind, we've gathered empirical data from business angels, which are reported in the empirical chapter. The analysis has been created in light of empirical and theoretical frameworks in order to create a credible and realistic view of how an angel investor acting in their investment decisions. In conclusion described the most significant factors underlying business investment angels.
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Perjanik, Nicholas Steven. "Tacit Knowledge Capture and the Brain-Drain at Electrical Utilities." Thesis, Walden University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10118978.

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As a consequence of an aging workforce, electric utilities are at risk of losing their most experienced and knowledgeable electrical engineers. In this research, the problem was a lack of understanding of what electric utilities were doing to capture the tacit knowledge or know-how of these engineers. The purpose of this qualitative research study was to explore the tacit knowledge capture strategies currently used in the industry by conducting a case study of 7 U.S. electrical utilities that have demonstrated an industry commitment to improving operational standards. The research question addressed the implemented strategies to capture the tacit knowledge of retiring electrical engineers and technical personnel. The research methodology involved a qualitative embedded case study. The theories used in this study included knowledge creation theory, resource-based theory, and organizational learning theory. Data were collected through one time interviews of a senior electrical engineer or technician within each utility and a workforce planning or training professional within 2 of the 7 utilities. The analysis included the use of triangulation and content analysis strategies. Ten tacit knowledge capture strategies were identified: (a) formal and informal on-boarding mentorship and apprenticeship programs, (b) formal and informal off-boarding mentorship programs, (c) formal and informal training programs, (d) using lessons learned during training sessions, (e) communities of practice, (f) technology enabled tools, (g) storytelling, (h) exit interviews, (i) rehiring of retirees as consultants, and (j) knowledge risk assessments. This research contributes to social change by offering strategies to capture the know-how needed to ensure operational continuity in the delivery of safe, reliable, and sustainable power.

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Lawton, Jacquiann T. "Tracking tacit knowledge a toolkit for architecture pedagogy and practice /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0025039.

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Shaw, Nicholas. "A Knowledge Management System (KMS) Using a Storytelling-based Approach to Collect Tacit Knowledge." Diss., NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/1033.

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Since the 1990s, Knowledge Management Systems (KMS) have been largely unsuccessful in the collection of tacit knowledge. The process, whether through direct input by the holder of the tacit knowledge or through an intermediary such as the collection of tacit knowledge through interviews and videos, has not succeeded. Reasons encompass the organizational (such as culture of the organization), the technological (example: poor tools), and the individual (example: knowledge is power, i.e. where experts with rare knowledge results in knowledge hoarding instead of transfer). The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that tacit knowledge could be successfully and consistently collected from the participants themselves and placed into a KMS using a storytelling-based approach. This study extended past research that collected stories for KMS’ using interviews and videos by having participants directly entering their data, as stories, into a KMS. This was a new approach and it was posited that having participants use stories to enter their tacit knowledge themselves into a KMS would overcome their reluctance to provide tacit knowledge thus overcoming barriers to providing tacit knowledge into a KMS The validation methodology was based upon three elements: the deep-dive research element, the issues and solution element, and the dissertation proposition element. The deep-dive research element was the extensive research for the study into knowledge management, storytelling, and other various methods for collection of tacit knowledge. The issues and solution element consisted of issues about tacit knowledge that were identified from the deep-dive research element, i.e. general arguments constructed about knowledge management which were backed by data from research into knowledge management systems and storytelling. Theoretical solutions to the issues regarding the capture of tacit knowledge were then constructed which included the storytelling-based approach and a KMS framework for the collection of tacit knowledge. Lastly was the dissertation proposition element which consisted of a thorough analysis of the survey data against each of the dissertation propositions. There were three propositions. Proposition 1 was sharing of knowledge and the storytelling-based approach. Proposition 2 was about the framework, the scenarios, guiding questions, and Communities of Practice (CoP), and Proposition 3 was about participant knowledge and interaction with forums. Each proposition was evaluated independently. The study was successful and validated propositions 1 and 2. For proposition 1, 81% of the participants responded positively to the eight study questions directed towards this proposition. For all eight questions across all 21 participants, the mean was 29.952 against a target test mean of 24 with a range of 27.538-32.367. For proposition 2, 76.19% of participants scored this section positive. For all six questions across all 21 participants, the mean was 23 against a target test mean of 18 with a range of 21.394-24.606. However, the results for proposition 3 were inconclusive and must be considered a failure. Most of the respondents either scored ‘no change’ to at least 50% of the questions or they stated they had never been to a forum. For all four questions across all 21 participants, the mean was 12.905 against a target mean of 12 with a range of 11.896-13.914. Based upon propositions 1 and 2, the null hypothesis was disproved. Participants liked the storytelling-based approach, providing their tacit knowledge, and they liked the framework.
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PraveenShivakumar and Krishna Kanth Vijapurapu. "Tacit Knowledge Preservation at Vendor Organizations in Offshore Outsourcing Software Development." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1995.

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Context. Tacit knowledge preservation (TKP) is a critical activity in outsourcing business since there is a high possibility of losing business if the personnel turnover rate is high. Objective: This study investigates TKP techniques from both knowledge management (KM) and software engineer (SE) perspectives followed by a discussion on the practicability of these techniques in software industries. The main aim of this research study is to provide a set of recommendations that assists preserving tacit knowledge in offshore outsourcing vendor organizations. Methods: This research combines a systematic literature review with an industrial survey. A systematic literature review (SLR) was employed to identify the TKP techniques in both KM and SE literature. Quasi-gold standard approach was employed as search strategy in SLR. Further, a survey was conducted with industrial practitioners working in offshore outsourcing software development (OOSD) to validate the findings from SLR and to know the additional TKP techniques. Results: A total of 51 TKP techniques were extracted from SLR and no additional techniques were identified from the survey. These 51 techniques were grouped and categorized into two subgroups namely Socialization and Externalization. A recommendation system and model was proposed to make the TKP process mandatory for every software project in an organization. Conclusions: The research provided a wide set of techniques for preserving tacit knowledge but the major contribution is from KM field whereas a little from SE field. The results of SLR and industrial survey revealed that though a sufficient amount of TKP techniques are available the practicability of these techniques in SE organizations is limited in nature. Therefore, we recommend a Software Engineers Rating (SER) system and model to make the TKP process mandatory in every software project that benefits the organization and also to an employee.
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Ambrosini, Veronique. "Tacit routines as a source of competitive advantage." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391573.

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Naidoo, Aneshveran. "Emerging market entry strategy and decision-making : the influence of tacit knowledge and explicit knowledge." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/59733.

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This research posits that tacit knowledge, explicit knowledge and hubris influence the decision-making process of managers when deciding to enter an emerging market. The literature on emergent market strategy and the decision-making process is abundant but tends to focus on the extant explicit information available. However, the prevalence of literature on the influence of tacit knowledge or experience needs to be further developed. Given the focus on Africa as an area for economic development and the complexity that comes with doing business in Africa, this study seeks to explore what homage is given to tacit knowledge and experience by strategy makers during the process of strategy development, how this knowledge is harboured and developed. The study also seeks to explore the transferability of the knowledge between countries, and if this knowledge can become an inhibitor in developing strategy. A review of the relevant literature is undertaken and a model is developed to map out this decision-making process. A qualitative tool is developed and eight interviews with managers responsible for emergent market strategy development are held to obtain an understanding of how tacit knowledge and explicit knowledge feature on the decision-making process. Key learnings from the study includes a disparity between literature on the importance of tacit knowledge and the growing tendency to formalise the country entry process; the prevalence of heuristics and hubris in the decision-making process, and absence of a review process to validate strategies and decision making.
Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
vn2017
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MBA
Unrestricted
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38

Pathirage, Chaminda P. "A structured approach to manage the tacit knowledge of construction employees." Thesis, University of Salford, 2007. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26857/.

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The importance of knowledge as a key determinant of organisational competitiveness and better performance is increasingly appreciated by both academics and practitioners. The UK construction industry is perceived as one of the knowledge based value creating sectors of the economy; however, it faces many challenges, especially in terms of performance, due to its intrinsic nature. Different knowledge based solutions to overcome this problem have been proposed in the past. Previous work on knowledge management in the construction industry has focused heavily on the delivery of technological solutions. Therefore, this study argues that personalisation strategies supporting the process-based view of knowledge, to enhance generation and utilisation of employees' tacit knowledge, would be much more relevant to overcome performance problems in the construction industry. In this context, the following research problem is articulated for empirical investigation: What is the role of tacit knowledge in achieving better performance, and how could tacit knowledge be managed in construction employees? The research problem was investigated by developing a conceptual framework, drawing from the literature and pilot interviews, addressing the process of tacit knowledge management. The social constructionism philosophy with the case study approach was adopted for this study. The conceptual framework was refined and validated empirically through a single longitudinal case study, comprising two phases: an exploratory phase and an explanatory phase. Interviews and structured surveys were used as the principal data collection techniques. The primary data analysis techniques used for the study were content analysis, cognitive mapping and descriptive statistics. The case study findings challenge the prevailing focus on codification strategies of knowledge management in construction organisations, which do not recognise the process-based view of knowledge. Further, it reveals the main sources of tacit knowledge generation and acquisition, both internal and external to an organisation, and factors affecting tacit knowledge utilisation at individual, group and organisational levels. The study introduces a systematic process and five stage maturity approach for tacit knowledge management. It concludes by stressing the importance of strengthening the sources of tacit knowledge acquisition, addressing the factors that affect tacit knowledge utilisation, and evaluating performance of process and outcomes of tacit knowledge management in construction organisations.
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Okupe, Adun. "Tacit knowledge revealed : developing a plain language inventory for airline leadership." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2015. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/807286/.

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The dearth of context-based research in leadership studies and the absence of satisfactory research on the behaviour of leaders in the airline industry provided the rationale for this study. Data was collected from twenty-one senior executives in the airline industry who provided rich stories from their leadership experiences in the airline industry. Twenty-seven airlines are represented in the study. The data collected was analysed using Sternberg’s Tacit Knowledge Framework, which has been used to research leadership behaviour in sales and in the United States Military. Thus, the airline industry provided a context to extend the use of the Tacit Knowledge Framework. Tacit knowledge was identified in the responses from the participants, and captured in tacit knowledge items boxes, which are presented in chapters seven to nine. The tacit knowledge items formed the basis of the tacit knowledge inventory for airline leadership, a major contribution of this research study, presented in Appendix Seven. In this way, the thesis extended and deepened Sternberg’s Tacit Knowledge Framework. The results from the study highlight the important characteristics of airline leadership, to include self-reflection, resilience, ability to motivate team members, ability to communicate effectively with diverse audiences, and the importance of political intelligence. The study also reveals the need for airline leadership to be able to adapt to the changing environment and also shape the environment. It is expected that this timely research will contribute to leadership development of executives in the airline industry and will stimulate further leadership and management research into the airline industry.
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Wood, Nicola. "Transmitting craft knowledge : designing interactive media to support tacit skills learning." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2006. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/3202/.

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This research has used a practice-led approach to explore, from the perspective of an interactive media designer, the problem of how to understand and transmit the practical knowledge of skilled craft practitioners. It has involved two practical research projects, each exploring the skills of both expert and novice craft practitioners in the fields of traditional bowl turning and clog making. In the first project I experimentally used a systems-orientated approach to explore the tacit knowledge within the practice of an experienced traditional bowl turning practitioner. This involved eliciting craft knowledge from the expert, using a low-fidelity prototype learning resource as a means of representing that knowledge, and observing learners applying the knowledge through using the resource to support their learning. In the second project I undertook a series of video-recordings with a traditional clog maker, during which I developed a less intrusive elicitation technique based on increasingly focussed observation and interviewing. This overcame the defensiveness encountered with the first practitioner with whom I used an elicitation approach based on his descriptions of his practice. In the light of the outcomes from the practical work, I reconsidered the current context for craft knowledge and developed a framework to understand craft learning. Drawing on three important theorists: Michael Polanyi and his theory of tacit knowledge, John Dewey and his theory of experiential learning, and Donald Schon and his theory of reflection, I reassessed the learning I had previously observed and proposed a new model of how craft knowledge is learned. I propose that the guidance offered by the expert can be seen as a series of bridges that provide the novice with a means of accessing the personal knowledge of the expert. These bridges are not necessarily the way to undertake a task, but a way that the expert feels to be helpful at that time. As a novice increasingly learns from the feedback from their own actions, they can progress their skill by moving through different modes of reflection. This research makes three specific contributions to knowledge. In the field of multimedia design it establishes a methodology for transmitting craft knowledge, refining principles previously published through my MA research, and it establishes techniques for eliciting craft knowledge which are interwoven with the process of developing the transmission resource. In the field of learning and pedagogy it establishes a framework for understanding craft skills learning drawing on recognised theory and validated through appraisal of the practical work undertaken.
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Takpuie, Deon. "Factors impacting on tacit knowledge transfer within Scrum software development teams." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13322.

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Over time, there has been a high failure rate of information systems development (ISD) projects, although Agile development has brought recent improvements. Knowledge management is also known to be one of the critical factors to Agile and project success; however, there are some knowledge transfer studies in Agile development. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to present a theoretical model examining what makes individuals successful at transferring knowledge in teams using Scrum, Agile’s most popular methodology. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted at two Scrum companies in Cape Town. Participants interviewed ranged from project managers and Scrum masters to software developers, business analyst and testers. The interviews were all transcribed, then analysed using thematic analysis. The findings produced new relationships between characteristics already well known to impact knowledge transfer as well as newly defined characteristics impacting knowledge transfer in Scrum teams: empathy and articulation skills of the source. The results have shown that the recipient should perceive the person wanting to transfer knowledge as having these characteristics to enable successful knowledge transfer: empathy, motivation, capability, credibility, articulate and ability to communicate enough. The contribution of this study to practice is a list of attributes for HR managers to help improve the knowledge transfer of Scrum team members. The contribution to Scrum research is a new theoretical model that suggests which characteristics a person needs to transfer knowledge successfully in Scrum teams, adapted from Joshi, Sarker and Sarker’s (2007) knowledge transfer model. This model can also be extended in the future by looking more deeply into the new relationships between constructs, such as how motivation together with capability of the source affect knowledge transfer in Scrum teams.
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Ismail, Arif. "Factors that impede the transfer of tacit knowledge within and between projects." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23640.

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The purpose of the report is to look at some of the factors that impede the transfer of tacit knowledge within and between projects.The research involved the collection of quantitative data through non-probability purposive sampling. The data based on survey questionnaires obtained from the largest retail financial institution in South Africa, namely Absa Bank; was analysed using various descriptive statistical techniques.The report provides evidence that the lack of recognition of the value of tacit knowledge transfer; the lack of recognised, deliberate processes; the lack of a designated role, responsible for facilitating the transfer of tacit knowledge and the lack of rewards are core factors, the absence of which makes tacit knowledge transfer less likely to be successful within and between projects. The findings also show that trust and a collaborative culture are support factors. Further research would benefit from a broader number of factors and a broader base of companies and industries explored. The research offers the recommendation of placing emphasis and effort on core factors rather than support factors. This understanding could inform decision making and increase the success rate of the transfer of tacit knowledge within and between projects. The research provides a graphical representation of the factors that impede the transfer of tacit knowledge within and between projects. Future research recommendations are made that can benefit this research.
Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2006.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
unrestricted
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43

Rudlid, Patrick, and Sandra Johansson. "Knowledge Management : En modell för hur kunskap kan identifieras och överföras." Thesis, Linnaeus University, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-6999.

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Att hantera kunskapen inom organisationer blir allt viktigare för att kunna förbättra den organisatoriska konkurrenskraften. Detta kan bland annat uppnås genom ett ökat utnyttjande av kunskapskapitalet. Kunskapskapitalet brukar vanligtvis handla om att utforska tacit kunskap, det vill säga den kunskapen som finns i de anställdas sinnen.

Från år 2010 och fyra år framåt förväntas en stor utmarsch av 40-talister från den svenska arbetsmarknaden. Detta kommer att få konsekvenser på arbetsplatserna. Konsekvenserna kommer bland annat att bli i form av underskott i kunskapskapitalet.

Syftet med uppsatsen är ta fram en modell som illustrerar hur kunskap kan identifieras och överföras. För att kunna besvara syftet har en abduktiv ansats och en kvalitativ datainsamlingsmetod använts i studien. Totalt har två observationer och fyra intervjuer genomförts. Studien har genomförts på fallföretaget Electrolux Laundry Systems i Ljungby och datainsamlingen har skett inom enheten Hydraulpressningsgruppen.

I studien kommer begreppet kunskap och dess olika typer att redas ut. Vidare kommer det beskrivas hur kunskap kan identifieras, konverteras och överföras.

Vi har utformat en analys som är baserad på den teoretiska referensramen. Analysen är utformad för att spegla syftet och problembakgrunden i studien. Den bygger på tre övergripande delar, kunskapsbegreppet, kunskapsidentifiering och kunskapsöverföring.

Resultatet av studien är en modell som skapar en förståelse för hur kunskapsidentifiering och kunskapsöverföring kan gå till. Studien har även kommit fram till att det finns hinder som kan försvåra en effektiv kunskapshantering.


Managing knowledge is becoming increasingly important to improve the organizational competitiveness. This can be achieved by a greater use of the knowledge capital. This usually means to explore the tacit knowledge which exists in the minds of the employees. In Sweden, from 2010 and four years onwards, a great walkout is expected among the people being born in the 40s.

The purpose of this essay is to create a model that illustrates how knowledge can be identified and transferred.

The methodology used in this study aims to attain the purpose by using a qualitative method in which interviews and observations are combined.

The study has been carried out at the case company, Electrolux Laundry Systems in Ljungby, Sweden.

The authors have developed an analysis which is based on the theoretical framework. This analysis consists of three main parts, knowledge identification, knowledge transfer and a model for knowledge management.

The conclusion in this essay is a model that creates an understanding of how knowledge can be identified and transferred. The study also found that there are obstacles that might constrain an effective knowledge management.

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44

Funk, Benjamin Joseph. "Harnessing tacit and explicit knowledge : an empirical investigation of knowledge-centric drivers of service management performance." Thesis, London Business School (University of London), 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497795.

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45

Majavu, Mluleki Justice. "Application of a knowledge management system for tacit knowledge in the railway sector in South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2434.

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Thesis (MTech (Business Information Systems))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.
This research reports on a study conducted in the railway industry in South Africa, the purpose being to help the railway industry by showing how a knowledge management system can be used in the task of extracting tacit knowledge. In the light of the fact that railways in many countries throughout the world function as an effective mass transportation system for passengers, this study aims to design and propose a model that will help the railway industry in South Africa in the task of implementing a knowledge management system to facilitate the process of extracting tacit knowledge from experienced employees and making it explicit knowledge in order to sustain railway system operations. This study looked at the process of designing a model that is presented as a recommendation to be used for a knowledge management system in the railway sector in South Africa. The aim of this study is not to provide a technical solution but to give a viable and workable reply to the main research question of this study: How can a knowledge management system be implemented or deployed to the railway sector?
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46

Knaack, Rainer. "Decisive leadership by tacit knowledge how to react as an organisation on change and fluctuating knowledge." Saarbrücken VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2007. http://d-nb.info/986349097/04.

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47

Geromin, Martina. "Tacit knowledge sharing at Higher Education Institutions and its impact on the creation of competitive niches." Thesis, University of Bath, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.681041.

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Driven by the insight that knowledge is power and, therefore, it is the core element for a company to be successful I examined which strategies enhance knowledge-sharing practices and processes among the HEI’s co-workers in order to create new competitive niches. This is especially important in times of ongoing change at an international level as HEIs seem to be increasingly in competition among one another for funds and students' intake. I based my study on the theoretical framework of Nonaka & Takeuchi’s SECI model of knowledge creation (1995) where, according to the authors, the knowledge-sharing takes place in four modes: socialization, externalization, combination and internalization. The main focus of my thesis is the socialization dimension, hence, the face-to-face communication between co-workers and their shared experiences and skills: the ‘tacit to tacit’ knowledge-sharing; the interaction between the different co-workers in the socialization process. Since all knowledge derives from tacit knowledge originally, tacit knowledge is, according to Nonaka/Takeuchi (1995), a person's own personal knowledge and his/her experience and skills; whereas explicit knowledge, on the other hand, is the formal and codified knowledge open to everybody via documents in a systematic language. The study of both literature and empirical data has shown that a special attention must be given to the resource-based view on strategy as it emphasizes the importance of the socialization mode by connecting the respective co-workers with one another in order to create something new. It is such a strategy that focuses on the best deployment of the knowledge resources in order for the institution to take advantage of their co-workers’ embedded, natural, context-specific, difficult to express and attached to the knower’s tacit knowledge. As a result, the key properties of a knowledge-enabling environment (in this thesis called ‘ba’) have been analyzed where tacit knowledge receives its attention by creating space and time for the tacit, hidden, embedded knowledge to emerge. Further field studies in different realities would now be helpful to further extract common patterns for the creation of a sense-making framework of strategy where the tacit dimension of each co-worker is seen to be a unique and remarkable asset for HEIs in order to gain a position of competitive advantage in the market place.
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48

Wilson, Dylan Garrett. "An Empirical Study of the Tacit Knowledge Management Potential of Pair Programming." NCSU, 2004. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03292004-213121/.

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This work describes an experiment comparing knowledge sharing in two distinct team structures. Given the increasing importance of knowledge in the workplace, especially software engineering, we are interested in paradigms that can assist in knowledge management. To this end, we conducted an experiment to determine how the paired or solo programming model affects knowledge sharing during a software project. We show a pattern of results that suggest pair programming has a positive effect on knowledge sharing. We also find development time is somewhat higher when using paired programming, but product quality is unaffected by programming method though these results are not statistically significant.
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49

Wang, Yuanmao. "Tacit Knowledge in Community of Practice : Implications of using Social Communication Tools." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, fysik och matematik, DFM, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-27822.

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Knowledge plays an increasingly important role in business, company, and organization,it is the ability for organization to learn and assimilate new knowledge in orderto make plans or business progresses. However, when comes to the tacit knowledge,in most cases, as Polanyi (1969) said ”we can know more than we can tell”, whichmeans in our daily lives, most of the knowledge stored in our brain can not be expressedout to others easily, we call this kind of knowledge ”tacit”. Therefore, tacitknowledge holds most part of our knowledge - and at the same time - harder to identifyand share.There is an popular approach called ’Community of Practice (CoP)’ which aimsat creating and sharing knowledge through informal practicing and learning. Thus,in this study, a qualitative research is desired to be made on the approach of communityof practice as well as its effects on tacit knowledge sharing. The purpose of thisstudy is to understand the pattern of sharing tacit knowledge among communitieswith social communication technologies (Tencent QQ) embedded, and to explorethe mechanisms of generating and transferring tacit knowledge with ”community ofpractice”.
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O'Shea, Noreen. "The role of tacit knowledge in the formulation of small company strategy." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496793.

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The purpose of this research project was to determine the role and contribution of tacit knowledge in the formulation of small company strategy. A literature review was carried out to identify the gaps in knowledge regarding these issues. Using a case study methodology, evidence from 3 small firms was collected around the recounting of specific strategic episodes, where the different types of knowledge being used were identified. Four criteria were used to analyse the evidence - plausibility, credibility, internal and external validity. The findings relating to each firm were presented in 3 case study reports. A comparative analysis of the findings enabled the following conclusions to be reached. The managers in the 3 small companies were capable of providing credible accounts of the ways in which they practice strategy-making to accompany the development of their firms. They have devised and developed a series of drivers which have accompanied their strategic practice. These drivers have been present since company creation; they have continued to shape the trajectories taken by each company and they are associated with specific learning patterns. They directly influence the processes the managers use to formulate strategy. Each manager has developed a specific approach to formulating strategy. The use of intuition, alongside more rational mechanisms to analyse and validate decisions was identified in the 3 cases. Intuition plays an integrating, synthesising role in paving the way for possible directions and orientations within the options envisaged. The managers in the small firms call on a wide range of personal and professional knowledge and experience when formulating strategies for their companies. In activating their strategy formulation processes, they rely on mobilising their specific versions of tacit knowing.
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