Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Tabaru language'
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Gilliot, Claude. "Exégèse, langue et théologie en Islam : l'exégèse coranique de Tabari (m. 311-923) /." Paris : J. Vrin, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35308364k.
Full textEmmrich, Thomas. "Tabu und Meidung im antiken China : Aspekte des Verpönten /." Bad Honnef : Bock und Herchen, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36671063t.
Full textUría, Varela Javier. "Tabú y eufemismo en latín /." Amsterdam : A. M. Hakkert, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37027611r.
Full textVesna, Jusufović. "Еротографија у српској књижевности XVIIIи XIX века." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Filozofski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2014. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=85919&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textU ovom radu pažnja je usmerena je na istraživanje korpusa literarnog materijala erotske sadržine, odnosno književno-umetničkih tekstova s elementima erotskog,koji su obuhvaćeni periodom od početka osamnaestog do kraja devetnaestog veka. Cilj rada je redefinisanje relevantanog korpusa erotske građe u okviru proznih i poetskih književnih tekstova izabranog vremenskog perioda, te njihovo priključivanje jedinstvenom erotografskom literarnom sistemu. Zadatak i važnost ovog poduhvata leži u neophodnosti utvrđivanja pozicije erotografije u srpskoj književnosti, čije istraživanje, razume se, još uvek nijezavršeno.
Johansson, Linda. ""Fula ord" : En undersökning i ungdomars språkbruk." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Humanities (HUM), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-3675.
Full textUppsatsens huvudfrågor var att undersöka vilken attityd ungdomar har till användandet av de som benämns som fula ord samt varför de använder dem. Ett ord som kallas för fult innebär att de är ett tabubelagt ord. Det är ett ord som är kraftfullt, framkallar reaktioner vilket innebär att det inte bör sägas. De som personer som använder dessa ord mest är arbetarklassen och ungdomar, framförallt killarna. Dock har tjejerna börjat jämna ut skillnaderna genom att använda de ”fula orden” allt mer.
Orsakerna till att de så kallade fula orden används är för det första för att uttrycka känslor. Det kan vara när en plötslig känslomässig förändring sker eller när man utsätts för fysisk smärta. Sedan kan det också vara en språklig anledning som tas till för att chockera och förstärka ens budskap. Lägg där till att de kan användas för att visa på vänskap och samhörighet, men också för att visa på makt.
Ungdomars attityd gentemot att använda de som kallas för fula ord varierar, men de flesta använder dem om än i olika omfattning. De anser inte att de ska användas i offentliga sammanhang som i nyhetsprogram i media, men att det är okej i den privata sfären. Det är också i den privata sfären som de flesta använder dem oavsett kön, ålder eller klass. Det egna användandet beror dock till stor del på den uppfostran man har fått samt vilken attityd gentemot dem man har. När killar och tjejer jämförs påvisas inga större skillnader, även om tjejerna i större omfattning använder sig av eufemism. Det ska bero på att tjejer oftare strävare efter ett mer vårdat språk.
Medias påverkan på attityden och användandet av de så kallade fula orden är omtvistad. De används i allt större omfattning idag i underhållningsprogram och på internet, även om de mer allvarliga delarna av medias utbud oftast inte brukar dem. Dock förekommer de allt mer i skrift idag, då många privatpersoner skriver både krönikor, bloggar och allt mer SMS.
Uppfattningen att många av de ”fula orden” blivit allt mer stereotypa och mindre chockerande resulterar i att behovet av nya uppkommit. Det vanligaste sättet att bilda nya är att låna från andra språk rakt av eller att översätta dem till svenska. Behovet av att provocera och framkalla reaktioner finns dock kvar, även om möjligheten styrs av omgivningens attityd gentemot de så kallade fula orden.
Villessèche, Julie. "The Board and the Commission (1909-present) : study of a language criterion through film classification." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2084/document.
Full textThis thesis wonders about the work of examiners within British and French filmclassifications: in the UK, the BBFC (British Board of Film Classification) is theinstitution in charge of film classification; in France, it is the Commission ofClassification of Cinematographic Works. The question here is: how have the work ofexaminers and institutional and societal evolutions shaped the creation and thedevelopment of a language criterion within British and French film classificationsystems? Indeed, stereotypically, those classifications are generally opposed: the BBFC is presented as a swearword-counting system, while the French classification is described as liberal. This thesis aims at explaining the origin of those stereotypes and at highlighting the true place of language within film classifications
Ngwaba, Chidinma. "Les termes de la gynécologie obstétrique en igbo : enquête sur un domaine tabou dans une langue sans documents écrits." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2107/document.
Full textThis study focuses on gynaecology-obstetrics terminology in Igbo. Our main objective is to take an inventory of Igbo terms in the area of gynaecology-obstetrics and classify them. This will enable us to examine and evaluate the adequacy of Igbo terms in relation to English and French terms. A second objective involves exposing the methodology used in Igbo term creation in the gynaecology-obstetrics domain.In our research we noticed that gaps exist in the area of gynaecology-obstetrics of the Igbo language when compared to English and French languages. We tried to fill in the gaps thereby validating the idea whereby the Igbo language like all other languages, is capable of naming concepts in any area. Our research specifically aims at collecting Igbo terms from the domain of gynaecology-obstetrics in a way that enables us explain or give information on the method of collection of such terms.The method used in the terminological study of the gynaecology-obstetrics domain in Igbo, should be suitable in studying a taboo domain of a language without written documents. An oral documentary research became necessary. Thus the Igbo terms were compiled by means oral documentation research using techniques that helped us bypass the hesitation or reluctance of many Igbo speakers to express themselves on our area of research.To constitute the nomenclature of the domain, we carried out field work. This involved the observation of and interviews with Igbo speakers namely: traditional doctors, orthodox doctors, midwives both traditional and orthodox, nurses, local chiefs and elderly persons. We thus interviewed 57 resource-persons and experts: 20 doctors, 3 nurses and 10 midwives (for the orthodox medicine component), 15 traditional doctors, 5 traditional midwives, 2 local chiefs and 2 elderly persons (for the traditional medicine component). We were equally inspired by socioterminology as exposed by Gaudin (2003, 2005) and the methodology of research as outlined in Halaoui (1990, 1991) from which we borrowed the methodology of research in terminology of African languages.Looking at our field work result, we noticed terminological gaps which we tried to fill using proposals from the people we interviewed. The work also involved the creation of terms for concepts and objects not already named in Igbo. This naming drew principally on the method described in Diki-Kidiri (2008). An analysis of the process underlying each coinage is included. The result obtained is a clear indication that the Igbo language can be used to name things.This work equally proposes a trilingual glossary: English-French-Igbo. The glossary covers such areas as: Anatomy of the female pelvis and the external genitalia, Anatomy of the internal genital organs – female, Anatomy of the male reproductive system, Physiology of the reproductive system, Development of the embryo, Physiology and nutrition in pregnancy and lactation, Foetal surveillance, Labour, The new born infant, Infections of the reproductive organs, Infections of the reproductive tract, Sexually transmitted diseases, Structural anomalies, Cancers of the reproductive system and Disorders of the urinary system.Our work comprises three parts. Part 1: “The Igbo Language of Nigeria” consists of three chapters. Chapter 1: “Nigeria a Land with ethnicity and Linguistic diversity”, Chapter 2: “Description of the Igbo Language” and Chapter 3: “Problems of Igbo Terminology”. Part 2: entitled “A Distinctive Terminological Domain: Medicine” is made up of two chapters. Chapter 4: “Sickness and Heath among the Igbos” and Chapter 5: “Practicing Medicine in Nigeria”. Part 3 comprises two chapters. Chapter 6: “Field Work” and Chapter 7: “Creating Terms in Igbo: the Gynaecology-Obstetrics Domain”
Nnyọcha anyị a dabere n’ihe gbasara amụmamụ maka ọmụmụ nwa na nwa ohụụ n’asụsụ igbo.Ebum n’obi anyị nke mbụ bụ ịchọpụta ma hazie aha dị iche iche e nwere n’asụsụ igbo gbasaraọmụmụ nwa na nwa ohụụ na ngalaba amụmamụ maka ọmụmụ nwa na nlekọta nwa ohụụ. Nkea ga-eme ka anyị nwalee aha ndịa e nwere n’asụsụ igbo na ngalaba amụmamụ maka ọmụmụnwa na nlekọta nwa ohụụ na aha ndi e nwere na olu bekee m’obụ frenchi. Ebum n’obi anyị nkeabụọ bụ ikwupụta otu anyị si nwete ma depụta aha gbasara ọmụmụ nwa na nlekọta nwa ohụụn’asụsụ igbo. Anyị kwadoro usoro mkpụrụ edemede nke igbo izugbe.Mgbe anyi n’eme nnyocha a, anyị chọpụtara n’oghere dị n’asụsụ igbo n’ihe metutara mkpọpụtaaha ihe. Nke a mere n’enwere ọtụtụ ihe ndi n’enweghị aha n’asụsụ igbo na ngalaba amụmamụmaka ọmụmụ nwa na nlekọta nwa ohụụ. Ihe ndia nwechara aha n’asụsụ ndi ọzọ. Anyị gbalịrịịfachisi oghere ndia dị n’asụsụ igbo iji gosi n’asụsụ a bụ asụsụ igbo nwekwara ike ịkpọpụta ahaihe ndi ha aka akpọbeghị aha.Usoro anyị kwesiri ịgbaso mgbe anyị na-amụ gbasara mkpọ aha n’asụsụ igbo na ngalabaamụmamụ maka ọmụmụ nwa na nlekọta nwa ohụụ, kwesiri ka ọ bụrụ nke ga-adaba na ọmụmụihe gbasara asụsụ n’enweghị ihe ndeda gbasara ngalaba amụmamụ a na kwa ngalaba nwereọtụtụ nsọ ala. Nke a mere oji dị mkpa na anyị gara mee nchọpụta n’obodo jụọ ajụjụ ọnụ iji mataaha ndi a n’agbanyeghị na ọ dịghịrị ndi mmadụ mfe ikwu maka ngalaba ihe ọmụmụ a.viNdi anyị gakwuru maka ajụjụ ọnụ a bụ ndi dibịa bekee, ndi nọọsụ, ndi dibịa ọdịnala, ndi ọghọnwa, ndi nchịkọta obodo na ndi okenye. N’ihe niile, anyị na ihe dịka mmadụ 57 kparịtara ụka.Nke a gụnyere ndi ọkachamara. N’ime ha e nwere ndi dibịa bekee 20, ndi nọọsụ 3 na ndi ọghọnwa bekee 10 n’otu akụkụ. N’akụkụ nke ọzọ, e nwere ndi dibịa ọdịnala 15, ndi ọghọ nwaọdịnala 5, ndi nchịkọta obodo 2 na ndi okenye 2. Anyị dabekwara na sosioteminọlọjị nkeGaudin (2003, 2005) na kwa usoro Halaoui (1990, 1991). Usoro a gbasara ịjụ ndi igbo ụfọdụajụjụ ọnụ na iso ha nọrọ mgbe ha na-arụ ọrụ.Nchọcha anyị gụnyekwara ịkpọpụta aha dị iche iche n’asụsụ igbo nke sistemu njiamụnwa nkenwoke na nwaanyị, aha gbasara nwa e bu n’afọ na nke nwa a mụrụ ọhụụ. Anyị gbasoro usoroDiki-Kidiri (2008) maka mkpọpụta aha. Anyị mekwara nkọwa iji gosipụta otu anyị si kpọọ ahandịa. N’ikpe azụ anyị depụtara aha ndi niile anyị ji rụọ ọrụ na asụsụ bekee, frenchi na kwa igbo.Aha ndi anyị depụtara gbasara : Amụmamụ ọkpụkpụ ukwu nwaanyị na njiamụnwa, Amụmamụime njiamụnwa kenwaanyị, Amụmamụ ọganụ njiamụnwa kenwoke, Fiziọlọjị sistemunjiamụnwa, Ntolite nwa nọ n’afọ, Fiziọlọjị kenri na mmiriara n’afọ ime, Nledo nwa nọ n’afọna kwa nwaọhụụ, Imeomume, Mbido ndụ nwaọhụụ, Ọrịa ọganụ njiamụnwa, Ọrịa nwaanyị,Nkwarụ, Kansa njiamụnwa na kwa Ọrịa akpamamịrị
Almeida, Laura de. "À guisa de uma tipologia para os tabus lingüísticos - proposta para um glossário." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-19082008-115800/.
Full textThe main objective of this research is to present a typology of the linguistics taboos existent in the Brazilian Linguistic Atlases. The corpus of this paper is made up of the answers presented by the interviewers in six Brazilian Linguistics Atlases, that is to say, Atlas Prévio dos Atlas Prévio dos Falares Baianos (APFB), Atlas Lingüístico de Sergipe I (ALS I), Atlas Lingüístico de Sergipe II (ALS II), Esboço para um Atlas Lingüístico de Minas Gerais (EALMG), Atlas Lingüístico da Paraíba (ALPB) e o Atlas Lingüístico do Paraná (ALPR). It will be based on the questionnaire \"Questionário Semântico-lexical (QSL)\" that consists of \"Questionários 2001- Projeto Atlas Lingüístico do Brasil (ALiB)\", from which we will use only the questions referring to the semantics field worked on. We selected six semantic fields to work on in this analysis, which are: atmosphere phenomena, human body, religion and beliefs, diseases, cycles of life and living and social behavior. Based on Guérios (1979), we will make a preliminary study of the linguistic taboo manifestation in the Portuguese language and we will present the means of substitution of the linguistic variants found in the linguistic atlases. A glossary having terminological files about the linguistics taboo typology will be presented at the very end. Finally, this paper tends to contribute, to a small extent, to the richness of these linguistic taboos.
Englin, Annika. "Svordomar är kraftuttryck : En språkvetenskaplig undersökning om hur attityder till svordomar och bruket av svordomar i tal och i text ser ut bland studenter på en högskola i Mellansverige." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-19500.
Full textFakhreddine, Mehra. "L’Interdit linguistique en langue espagnole et cultures hispaniques : étude pragma-linguistique de l'euphémisme et du dysphémisme." Thesis, Perpignan, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PERP0048.
Full textAny discourse obeys the rule of prohibition; the euphemism is a means of diversion by excellence, to avoid "ominous words" to mean "auspicious words." It acts as a "deodorant language" as Jamet and Jobert say. In short, the euphemism is the opposite of a harsh language, the dysphemism. The advantage of the latter, is not breaking with the associations of the taboo word, but rather is that it strives to evoke with greater intensity. Yet the euphemism and dysphemism, far from being reduced to mundane processes that are the subject of a simple lexical substitution of the prohibited term, they are above all eminently enunciative phenomena whose value depends on the context. Thus, the euphemism or dysphemism does not exist in itself, but according to the communication situation and its recognition by the receiver. Our thinking is part of a pragma-linguistic analysis of the Spanish language of euphemism and dysphemism. Our major objective is to question the process of both euphemism and dysphemism: on one side, according to a semantic-lexical approach that is limited to a substitution of the taboo through linguistic procedures of euphemism or dysphemism, and on the other side, according to a pragmatic approach in which the taboo sign acquires its value based on its contextual surroundings, and in which the euphemism or dysphemism are considered acts of language. We want to illustrate that by this choice at the discursive plan the euphemism and the dysphemism are subject to different communicative focus than the strictly linguistic or semantic plan
Ribeiro, Alexandre do Amaral. "Quando negar e legitimar : reflexões sobre preconceito e politicas linguisticas." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/270857.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: A pesquisa apresentada nesta tese aponta para a necessidade de se rever metodologias, princípios e pressupostos que sustentam a Lingüística, considerando o seu papel e função em uma sociedade, reconhecidamente, de identidades e saberes fluidos. Tomando como objeto de estudo o Preconceito Lingüístico, entendido no contexto da condição pós-moderna e de um mundo globalizado, procura repensar a Lingüística e as políticas lingüísticas, na perspectiva dos traços de ambivalência que marcam a pós-modernidade. Dentre suas hipóteses, formula que as políticas lingüísticas podem ser tão preconceituosas quanto quaisquer formas de preconceito, correndo mesmo o risco de ratificá-los, de legitimá-los. A luta contra o preconceito pode não passar de um engodo ideológico. Formas de preconceito podem estar implícitas, portanto, no discurso em defesa de uma língua, assim como nos discurso que admitem a pluralidade lingüística. Por isso, ao mesmo tempo em que reúne elementos para entender a inserção da Lingüística e do preconceito lingüístico na pósmodernidade, reivindica a proposição futura de uma Crítica da Razão Lingüística como uma base necessária para ampliação dos estudos da linguagem
Abstract: The research for this thesis points to the necessity of reviewing methodologies, principles and presuppositions which sustain the mainstream Linguistics, considering its role and function in a society seen as society of fluid identities and knowledges. Taking Linguistic Prejudice as study object and understanding it in the context of postmodern society and of a globalized world, we try to rethink Linguistics and politics of language in the perspective of post modern typical ambivalent characteristics. Among our hypotheses, we suggest that linguistic politics may have as much prejudice as any other forms of prejudice, so that it is possible to ratify and legitimate them through these politics. The struggle against prejudice may be nothing but a mistake, an ideological fantasy. Therefore, at the same time this thesis puts together elements which allow to understand the insertion of Linguistics in the post-modernity, it claims for a future proposition of a Critique of Linguistic Reason as a necessary base to broaden up language studies
Doutorado
Doutor em Linguística
Regis, Jean-Paul. "Etude sociolinguistique des tabous en anglais contemporain." Paris 7, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA070042.
Full textViktor, Alexandra. "Fläskbatongen och skinkmackan : En undersökning av vilka ord som förekommer vid benämning av manliga och kvinnliga könsorgan." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Svenska, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-43630.
Full textSwingler, David Diniz. "Tabu linguístico: mapeamento das atitudes relacionadas a palavrões e à influência que os fatores sociais, conversacionais, emocionais e de identidade exercem no seu uso cotidiano." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2016. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/8575.
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There is nothing new about the use of swearwords in human language. In fact, it is believed that swearing is as old as language itself. Studies about swearing, as well as personal experience, show us that this type of language produces a emotional impact that can have both positive and negative effects. Despite its ubiquitous presence in the speech of Brazilians, few linguistic studies have been produced on the subject. Therefore, the present work aims at mapping out the attitudes of college students that frequent Praça da Alegria in regards to swearwords and the influence that social, conversational, emotional, as well as identity factors have in their day-to-day use. According to the existing literature on language attitudes, it is not unusual to encounter gaps or inconsistencies in relation to the language attitudes professed by individuals and what they actually do when they speak (language behavior). Studies show that this contradiction result from the influence of external factors such as context, interlocutor type, place, etc., as well as internal factors such as beliefs, emotions, intentions, etc. Thus, in order to understand the relation between attitudes held about swearwords and swearing in day-to-day social interaction, we have conducted this sociolinguistic research. The present study is of a qualitative nature and is based primarily on an Interactional Sociolinguistic and Ethnography of Communication framework. The corpus used is comprised of data collected from 29 college students at the Universidade Federal da Paraíba (the Federal University of Paraíba) in a recreational area known as Praça da Alegria, using three methods: questionnaires, direct (non-participant) observation and semi-structured interviews. After that, the data was analysed in accordance to the concepts found in Language Attitude theory, as well as Accommodation Theory; and then triangulated in order to guarantee more precise and reliable results. As a result, it was found that: 1) the idea of the meaning of the term swearword, in fact, varied from person to person, nevertheless, there was, in general, a difference between the meaning of the terms swearword and offensive word; 2) the degree of offensiveness of a word is subject to individual opinion; 3) the more offensive a word was considered to be, the less frequently it was said to get used; and 4) social, conversational, emotional and identity factors, in fact, influenced considerably the individuals decision to use or not use this type of language.
O uso de palavrões não é algo novo no comportamento linguístico humano. Na verdade, acredita-se que eles são tão antigos quanto a própria linguagem. Estudos mostram que esse tipo de linguagem produz um forte impacto emocional que pode gerar tanto efeitos positivos, quanto negativos. Apesar de sua ubíqua presença na fala dos brasileiros, poucos estudos linguísticos foram produzidos sobre o assunto no Brasil. Portanto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo mapear as atitudes dos estudantes universitários frequentadores da Praça da Alegria relacionadas a palavrões e à influência que os fatores sociais, conversacionais, emocionais e de identidade exercem no seu uso cotidiano. De acordo com a literatura existente sobre atitudes linguísticas, não é incomum que constatemos uma lacuna no que diz respeito às atitudes professadas pelos indivíduos sobre certas línguas ou aspectos da linguagem, e o seu uso propriamente dito (comportamento linguístico). Estudos mostram que essa incoerência resulta da influência de fatores externos tais como contexto, tipo de interlocutor, local, etc., bem como fatores internos tais como crenças, emoções, intenções, etc. Assim sendo, a fim de melhor entender a relação entre atitudes sobre palavrões e o seu uso em interações sociais do dia-a-dia, realizamos essa investigação sociolinguística. O presente estudo é predominantemente qualitativo e foi fundamentado principalmente no aporte teórico da Sociolinguística Interacional e da Etnografia da Comunicação. O corpus utilizado foi composto de dados coletados entre 29 estudantes universitários em uma área de lazer conhecida como Praça da Alegria, situada na Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), por meio de três métodos: questionário, observação não-participante e entrevista semiestruturada. Posteriormente, foram analisados os dados relacionados aos conceitos referentes as atitudes linguísticas e a Teoria da Acomodação, que por fim foram triangulados no intuito de garantir resultados mais precisos e confiáveis. Como resultado dessa pesquisa, foi constatado que: 1) a noção do significado do termo palavrão, de fato, varia de pessoa para pessoa, não obstante, existe, de modo geral, uma diferença entre a noção dos termos palavrão e palavra ofensiva; 2) o grau de ofensividade de uma palavra é sujeito à opinião do indivíduo; 3) quanto mais ofensiva uma palavra, menos usada ela é; e 4) os fatores sociais, conversacionais, emocionais e de identidade, de fato, influenciam consideravelmente na decisão do indivíduo de usar (ou não) esse tipo de linguajar.
Lidbäck, Jonathan. "Functions of taboo expressions in YouTube discourse: The case of iDubbbzTV." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-77931.
Full textSyftet med denna studie är att identifiera samband mellan användandet av tabuuttryck i ett valt YouTubeklipp samt publikens egna respons och användande av dessa uttryck. Datan som används i denna studie är både muntligt och skriftligt språk. Denna data hämtas från videoklippet samt kommentarsfältet från den valda videon. Denna kvalitativa studie av tabuordsanvändande i YouTubediskurs visar att flera fall av tabuuttryck används i samband med skämt eller återkopplingar. Vissa tabuuttryck används i ett förstärkande syfte som både kan användas i negativ och positiv bemärkelse. Det har också visat sig att tolkningar av tabuuttryck kan variera beroende på förkunskap angående kontext och co-text.
Bertels, Julie. "Influence de la valence émotionnelle de stimuli auditifs sur l'orientation de l'attention." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210337.
Full textEn particulier, les Etudes 1, 3 et 4 m’ont permis d’examiner l’influence de la valence émotionnelle de ces stimuli sur l’attention sélective à une localisation spatiale, évaluée au travers des réponses à une cible subséquente.
Dans la situation de compétition pour les ressources attentionnelles spécifique au paradigme de déploiement de l’attention (Etudes 1 et 3), nous avons observé un engagement préférentiel des ressources attentionnelles vers la localisation spatiale des mots tabous, lorsque ceux-ci étaient présentés à droite, par rapport à la localisation spatiale des mots neutres présentés conjointement. Ces biais attentionnels ont été observés quelle que soit l’attention portée volontairement aux stimuli, la nature de la tâche à réaliser sur la cible, ou la charge cognitive liée à la tâche. De tels biais ont également été observés envers la localisation spatiale des mots négatifs et positifs, mais de manière moins robuste. Lorsque deux stimuli rivalisent pour l’orientation des ressources, la valence choquante serait donc cruciale pour l’orientation de l’attention spatiale. De plus, les mots tabous induisent un ralentissement général des temps de réaction (TRs) à la cible subséquente, quelle que soit sa localisation spatiale.
Au contraire, lorsque des mots-indices sont présentés isolément dans le paradigme d’indiçage spatial émotionnel (Etude 4), la valence émotionnelle négative des mots, mais pas leur valence choquante, paraît cruciale pour l’observation d’effets spatiaux :les stimuli les plus négatifs moduleraient l’orientation spatiale automatique de l’attention suscitée par leur présentation périphérique. Plus précisément, ils empêcheraient l’application de processus attentionnels inhibiteurs des localisations déjà explorées. En outre, la présentation d’un indice périphérique négatif accélère le traitement d’une cible subséquente, quelle que soit sa localisation spatiale.
L’influence de la dimension émotionnelle des mots parlés sur l’attention sélective à une dimension (non-émotionnelle) de ces stimuli a été investiguée grâce au paradigme de Stroop émotionnel (Etude 2). Contrairement à mes autres études, aucun déplacement attentionnel spatial n’était impliqué dans cette situation puisque les participants devaient répondre à chaque essai à une dimension non-émotionnelle (l’identité du locuteur) du stimulus (potentiellement émotionnel) présenté. J’ai ainsi observé une influence de la dimension émotionnelle taboue ou négative des mots sur le traitement de la dimension pertinente d’un mot neutre subséquent, mais pas sur le traitement de la dimension pertinente de ces mots eux-mêmes, suggérant l’occurrence d’effets lents, inter-essais, des mots tabous et négatifs, mais pas d’effet rapide.
Ces données appuient donc l’existence, dans une population tout-venant, d’un mécanisme de traitement involontaire du contenu émotionnel des mots parlés qui influence non seulement l’orientation spatiale et dimensionnelle de l’attention mais également, de manière plus générale, la latence des réponses fournies par le sujet.
Doctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Hroudová, Šárka. "Jazyk španělské nadávky." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-313662.
Full textNedbalová, Žofie. "Tabu a eufemizace v komunikaci českých Neslyšících." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-384313.
Full textJunková, Anna. "Tabu a noa v komunikaci. Realizace jazykových tabu v tištěných médiích." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-300150.
Full textEgortchenko, Daria. "Eufemismy v současné ruštině." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-329083.
Full textSukhanek, Oleksandr. "Jazyková situace v původem českých komunitách na Jižní Ukrjině (zejm. na Krymu a ve vesnici Novgorodkovka)." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-340419.
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