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1

Sainis, Salil, Aakarshit Kalra, G. Dinesh Babu, and M. Nageswara Rao. "Weibull Analysis of the Effect of Interrupted Aging Treatments on the Fatigue Life of Components Made of Cast Aluminium Alloy 354." Advanced Materials Research 849 (November 2013): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.849.223.

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Cast aluminum alloy 354 is widely used in the automobile industry due to its attractive set of mechanical properties and excellent castability. The compressor wheel in turbochargers, for example, is used for the production of this alloy. Apart from mechanical properties like fracture toughness and tensile strength, the fatigue life of the component is also a critical issue while considering the performance. This study makes an attempt to improve the fatigue life of a component made out of this alloy by subjecting it to interrupted aging cycles similar to T6I4 and T6I6 (discussed in the published literature) instead of the normally used T61 standard aging treatment. Results show that subjecting the material to these interrupted aging treatments gives lower fatigue life than that obtained after subjecting it to standard T61 conditions.Also, T6I4 treatment yields better fatigue life as compared to T6I6.
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2

Risanti, D. D., and Sybrand van der Zwaag. "Effect of Low Temperature Aging on Internal Friction of AA2024." Advanced Materials Research 463-464 (February 2012): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.463-464.41.

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The anelastic behavior of AA2024 alloy is studied in the temperature range between room temperature and 325 °C. The internal friction technique is shown to be very sensitive to the microstructural changes that take place at these temperatures. Interrupted aging performed at low temperature induces increase in the peak height at ~230 °C indicating the slow release of vacancies aiding the aggregation of Mg and Cu which further transforms into semicoherent precipitates. Stretched specimens indicate increase in background which is attributed to anelastic or viscoelastic of dislocations. TDIF of T6I4 samples is strongly affected to the point of deformation, whilst TDIF of T6I6 samples is affected by the deformation but irrespective to the point of deformation.
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3

Babu, G. Dinesh, and M. Nageswara Rao. "Effect of Non-Conventional Aging Treatments on the Tensile Properties of Non-Hipped Castings of Aluminum Alloy 354." Advanced Materials Research 875-877 (February 2014): 1397–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.1397.

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Cast aluminum alloy 354 is used extensively for production of critical automobile components, owing to its excellent castability and attractive combination of mechanical properties after heat-treatment. With the advent of higher performance engines, there has been a steady demand to further improve the mechanical behavior of the castings made of the alloy, among others, through improvements in processing. The present study explores the possibility of improving tensile properties of the alloy by adopting certain non-conventional aging treatments. The non-conventional treatments include aging cycles similar to T6I4 and T6I6 referred to in the published literature, artificial aging in two steps instead of in single step and artificial aging preceded by various natural aging times. The results show that none of these non-conventional treatments leads to improvement of all tensile properties compared to the standard T61 treatment. Significant hardening takes place in the alloy due to natural aging. Changing the time of natural aging preceding artificial aging was found to have little effect on tensile properties.
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4

Babu, G. Dinesh, and M. Nageswara Rao. "Effect of Non-Conventional Aging Treatments on the Tensile Properties and Quality Indices of Hipped Components Made of Cast Aluminum Alloy 354." Advanced Materials Research 875-877 (February 2014): 1429–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.1429.

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Cast aluminum alloy 354 is used extensively for production of critical automobile component, owing to its excellent castability and attractive combination of mechanical properties. With the advent of higher performance engines, there has been a steady demand to further improve the mechanical behavior of the alloy, among others, through improvements in processing. The present study explores the possibility of improving mechanical behavior and quality levels of the alloy by adopting certain non-conventional aging treatments. Quality indices Q and QC have been used for quality rating. The non-conventional treatments include aging cycles similar to T6I4 and T6I6 referred to in the published literature, artificial aging in two steps instead of in single step and artificial aging preceded by various natural aging times. The results show that none of the non-conventional treatments leads to improvement of all tensile properties compared to the standard T61 treatment. However, some specific treatments could be identified which lead to a comparable combination of tensile properties and a shade higher quality level. Increasing the time of preceding natural aging does not help in improving the tensile properties after artificial aging.
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5

Sibal, Prateek, G. Dinesh Babu, and M. Nageswara Rao. "Use of Strain Energy Density W and Qo as Quality Indices for Rating the Quality of Cast Aluminium Alloy354 as a Function of Processing Parameters." Advanced Materials Research 704 (June 2013): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.704.189.

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Cast aluminium alloy 354 has found widespread application in the automotive industry for its excellent mechanical properties and good castability. The stringent emission norms and demands for improved fuel economy have pushed automobile technology to new frontiers. This has led to efforts to reduce weight while maintaining higher vehicle performance. Cast aluminium alloy 354 is a material that performs with reasonable effectiveness in the high stress automobile environment. The present study looks at the use of strain energy density W and the quality index Qo to determine the effect of process parameters like aging temperature and modification on the quality of the alloy 354 and also to monitor the effect of interrupted heat treatments T6I4 and T6I6 on the quality of the material. The strain energy density W calculated for the interrupted heat treatments on alloy 354 show a broad inverse relation with yield strength Rp. An improvement in the yield strength and the strain energy density of the alloy is observed when the alloy is subjected to modification. At artificial aging temperatures lower than the artificial aging temperature adopted in standard aging treatment an improvement in the Qo and W quality of the alloy 354 have been observed.
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6

Kaczmarek, Ł., M. Steglinski, J. Sawicki, J. Swiniarski, D. Batory, K. Kyzioł, Ł. Kołodziejczyk, W. Szymanski, P. Zawadzki, and D. Kottfer. "Optimization of the Heat Treatment and Tribological Properties of 2024 and 7075 Aluminium Alloys." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 58, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 535–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amm-2013-0032.

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This paper describes two stages of optimization of the properties of 2024 and 7075 aluminium alloys, in particular their resistance to pitting by first T6, T6I6 or T6I4 treatment, and second increase its tribological properties by depositing by RF PACVD method a gradient coating of high adhesion to the substrate. Quantitative microstructural characteristics reveals that it is possible to increase hardness (up to 190HV for 7075 alloy) with relatively high yield strength (520 MPa) and high ultimate elongation (about 20%) by optimizing dispersion of precipitates using two-stage artificial aging process. Next to eliminate forming of thin Al2O3 layer with relatively poor adhesion to the aluminium substrate, gradient a-C: H/Ti layers synthesis hybrid plasma chemical RF PACVD reactor equipped with pulsed magnetron sputtering system was used. Using such configuration enables forming a thick and highly adherent diamond-like carbon layer on aluminium surface with low coefficient of friction (0.05), at a substrate temperature below 470K. Due to application of Ti magnetron cathode it was possible to improve the adhesion strength up to 30mN of diamond-like carbon layer to the covered substrate. Influence of deposition parameters on microhardness profile as well as adhesion and morphology were determined by nanotest and AFM, respectively.
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7

Lipa, Sebastian, Łukasz Kaczmarek, Mariusz Stegliński, Hanna Radziszewska, Karol Kyzioł, and Daniel Kottfer. "Effect of core/shell precipitations on fatigue strength of 2024-T6I6 alloy." International Journal of Fatigue 127 (October 2019): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2019.06.006.

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8

Radziszewska, Hanna, Lukas Kaczmarek, and Zbigniew Gawroński. "Effect of Precipitation with Core-Shell Structure on Mechanical Properties of PN-EN 2024 T6I6 Alloy." Journal of Siberian Federal University. Chemistry 10, no. 1 (March 2017): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17516/1998-2836-0007.

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9

LI, Hai, Daozhao PAN, Zhixiu WANG, and Ziqiao ZHENG. "INFLUENCE OF T6I6 TEMPER ON TENSILE AND INTERGRANULAR CORROSION PROPERTIES OF 6061 ALUMINUM ALLOY." ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA 46, no. 4 (April 21, 2010): 494–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1037.2010.00494.

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10

Arfuso, Francesca, Elisabetta Giudice, Simona Di Pietro, Giuseppe Piccione, and Claudia Giannetto. "Modulation of Serum Protein Electrophoretic Pattern and Leukocyte Population in Horses Vaccinated against West Nile Virus." Animals 11, no. 2 (February 11, 2021): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11020477.

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This study aimed to evaluate the hematological and serum protein electrophoretic profiles of horses after inactivated West Nile virus (WNV) vaccine administration. Blood samples were collected from 10 horses before (T0), after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks (T1I, T2I, T3I, T4I, T5I and T6I) from the first WNV vaccine-dose administration, before the vaccine-booster (TPREII), and after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks (T1I I, T2II, T3II, T4II, T5II, T6II) from the WNV vaccine-booster. There was a significant increase in lymphocytes and a decrease in neutrophils after both the first vaccine-dose and vaccine-booster administration compared to the baseline values (p < 0.01). Monocytes showed higher values after 72 h, 1 week and 2 weeks from the vaccine-booster (p < 0.01). Higher serum total protein values were found in horses after both the first vaccine-dose and booster administration (p < 0.05). α1-lobulins increased after the vaccine-booster with the highest levels measured at T4II (p < 0.05); α-2- and β-globulin fractions increased throughout the post-vaccine period compared to the baseline values (p < 0.05); and higher γ-globulin values were found before the vaccine-booster (TPREII) and after 24 h, 72 h and 3 weeks from the vaccine-booster (T1II, T3II and T6II). The findings allow us to conclude that the WNV vaccine used in the current study does not alter the overall hemogram picture of horses although it is associated with modulation of leukocyte populations and the serum protein electrophoretic pattern.
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11

Lee, Deborah J., and W. E. Robinson. "Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Integrase: Resistance to Diketo Acid Integrase Inhibitors Impairs HIV-1 Replication and Integration and Confers Cross-Resistance to l-Chicoric Acid." Journal of Virology 78, no. 11 (June 1, 2004): 5835–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.78.11.5835-5847.2004.

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ABSTRACT The diketo acids are potent inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) integrase (IN). Mutations in IN, T66I, S153Y, and M154I, as well as T66I-S153Y and T66I-M154I double mutations, confer resistance to diketo acids (D. J. Hazuda et al., Science 287:646-650, 2000). The effects of these IN mutations on viral replication, enzymatic activity, and susceptibility to other HIV inhibitors are reported herein. By immunofluorescence assay and real-time PCR, all mutant viruses demonstrated a modest delay in viral spread compared to that of reference HIV. These viruses also showed a statistically significant defect in integration without defects in reverse transcription. Recombinant IN containing S153Y, T66I, and M154I-T66I mutations had an approximately twofold decrease in both disintegration and 3′-end-processing-strand transfer activities in vitro. In contrast, IN containing M154I demonstrated a greater than twofold increase in specific activity in both reactions. All mutant HIVs were resistant to l-chicoric acid, a dicaffeoyltartaric acid IN inhibitor, both in tissue culture and in biochemical assays, yet remained susceptible to the reverse transcriptase inhibitors zidovudine and nevirapine. Thus, IN mutations conferring resistance to the diketo acids can yield integration defects, attenuated catalysis in vitro, and cross-resistance to l-chicoric acid.
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12

Liang, Jiaming, Thibault Mesplède, Maureen Oliveira, Kaitlin Anstett, and Mark A. Wainberg. "The Combination of the R263K and T66I Resistance Substitutions in HIV-1 Integrase Is Incompatible with High-Level Viral Replication and the Development of High-Level Drug Resistance." Journal of Virology 89, no. 22 (August 26, 2015): 11269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01881-15.

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ABSTRACTThe R263K substitution in integrase has been selected in tissue culture with dolutegravir (DTG) and has been reported for several treatment-experienced individuals receiving DTG as part of salvage therapy. The R263K substitution seems to be incompatible with the presence of common resistance mutations associated with raltegravir (RAL), a different integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI). T66I is a substitution that is common in individuals who have developed resistance against a different INSTI termed elvitegravir (EVG), but it is not known whether these two mutations might be compatible in the context of resistance against DTG or what impact the combination of these substitutions might have on resistance against INSTIs. E138K is a common secondary substitution observed with various primary resistance substitutions in RAL- and EVG-treated individuals. Viral infectivity, replicative capacity, and resistance against INSTIs were measured in cell-based assays. Strand transfer and 3′ processing activities were measured biochemically. The combination of the R263K and T66I substitutions decreased HIV-1 infectivity, replicative capacity, and strand transfer activity. The addition of the E138K substitution partially compensated for these deficits and resulted in high levels of resistance against EVG but not against DTG or RAL. These findings suggest that the presence of the T66I substitution will not compromise the activity of DTG and may also help to prevent the additional generation of the R263K mutation. Our observations support the use of DTG in second-line therapy for individuals who experience treatment failure with EVG due to the T66I substitution.IMPORTANCEThe integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) elvitegravir and dolutegravir are newly developed inhibitors against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). HIV drug-resistant mutations in integrase that can arise in individuals treated with elvitegravir commonly include the T66I substitution, whereas R263K is a signature resistance substitution against dolutegravir. In order to determine how different combinations of integrase resistance mutations can influence the outcome of therapy, we report here the effects of the T66I, E138K, and R263K substitutions, alone and in combination, on viral replicative capacity and resistance to integrase inhibitors. Our results show that the addition of R263K to the T66I substitution diminishes viral replicative capacity and strand transfer activity while not compromising susceptibility to dolutegravir. This supports the use of dolutegravir in second-line therapy for patients failing elvitegravir therapy who harbor the T66I resistance substitution.
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13

Fikkert, Valery, Bénédicte Van Maele, Jo Vercammen, Anke Hantson, Barbara Van Remoortel, Martine Michiels, Cristina Gurnari, et al. "Development of Resistance against Diketo Derivatives of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 by Progressive Accumulation of Integrase Mutations." Journal of Virology 77, no. 21 (November 1, 2003): 11459–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.21.11459-11470.2003.

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ABSTRACT The diketo acid L-708,906 has been reported to be a selective inhibitor of the strand transfer step of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integration process (D. Hazuda, P. Felock, M. Witmer, A. Wolfe, K. Stillmock, J. A. Grobler, A. Espeseth, L. Gabryelski, W. Schleif, C. Blau, and M. D. Miller, Science 287:646-650, 2000). We have now studied the development of antiviral resistance to L-708,906 by growing HIV-1 strains in the presence of increasing concentrations of the compound. The mutations T66I, L74M, and S230R emerged successively in the integrase gene. The virus with three mutations (T66I L74M S230R) was 10-fold less susceptible to L-708,906, while displaying the sensitivity of the wild-type virus to inhibitors of the RT or PRO or viral entry process. Chimeric HIV-1 strains containing the mutant integrase genes displayed the same resistance profile as the in vitro-selected strains, corroborating the impact of the reported mutations on the resistance phenotype. Phenotypic cross-resistance to S-1360, a diketo analogue in clinical trials, was observed for all strains. Interestingly, the diketo acid-resistant strain remained fully sensitive to V-165, a novel integrase inhibitor (C. Pannecouque, W. Pluymers, B. Van Maele, V. Tetz, P. Cherepanov, E. De Clercq, M. Witvrouw, and Z. Debyser, Curr. Biol. 12:1169-1177, 2002). Antiviral resistance was also studied at the level of recombinant integrase. Single mutations did not appear to impair specific enzymatic activity. However, 3′ processing and strand transfer activities of the recombinant integrases with two (T66I L74M) and three (T66I L74M S230R) mutations were notably lower than those of the wild-type integrase. Although the virus with three mutations was resistant to inhibition by diketo acids, the sensitivity of the corresponding enzyme to L-708,906 or S-1360 was reduced only two- to threefold. As to the replication kinetics of the selected strains, the replication fitness for all strains was lower than that of the wild-type HIV-1 strain.
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14

Washbrook, E., and K. R. Fox. "Alternate-strand DNA triple-helix formation using short acridine-linked oligonucleotides." Biochemical Journal 301, no. 2 (July 15, 1994): 569–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3010569.

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We have used DNAse I footprinting to examine the formation of intermolecular DNA triple helices at sequences containing adjacent blocks of purines and pyrimidines. The target sites G6T6.A6C6 and T6G6.C6A6 were cloned into longer DNA fragments and used as substrates for DNAse I footprinting, which examined the binding of the acridine (Acr)-linked oligonucleotides Acr-T5G5 and Acr-G5T5 respectively. These third strands were designed to incorporate both G.GC triplets, with antiparallel Gn strands held together by reverse Hoogsteen base pairs, and T.AT triplets, with the two T-containing strands arranged antiparallel to each other. We find that Acr-T5G5 binds to the target sequence G6T6.-A6C6, in the presence of magnesium at pH 7.0, generating clear DNAse I footprints. In this structure the central guanine is not recognized by the third strand and is accessible to modification by dimethyl sulphate. Under these conditions no footprint was observed with Acr-G5T5 and T6G6.C6A6, though this triplex was evident in the presence of manganese chloride. Manganese also facilitated the binding of Acr-T5G5 to a second site in the fragment containing the sequence T6G6.C6A6. This represents interaction with the sequence G4ATCT6, located at the boundary between the synthetic insert and the remainder of the fragment, and suggests that this bivalent metal ion may stabilize triplexes that contain one or two mismatches. Manganese did not affect the interaction of either oligonucleotide with G6T6.A6C6.
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15

Bullard, D. C., and J. C. Schimenti. "Molecular cloning and genetic mapping of the t complex responder candidate gene family." Genetics 124, no. 4 (April 1, 1990): 957–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/124.4.957.

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Abstract Male transmission ratio distortion (TRD) is a property of mouse t haplotypes requiring the t complex responder locus (Tcr). Tcr maps to the central region of t haplotypes, and is embedded within a series of large duplicated tracts of DNA known as "T66 elements." In previous work, a family of genes (the "T66" genes) was identified within this region that encodes male germ cell-specific transcripts. Genetic and molecular data indicate that one of these genes represents Tcr. Here, we describe the molecular cloning of the four members of the T66 gene family, the genetic mapping of these genes to three adjacent t haplotype loci, and comparative restriction enzyme analysis of the genes. The results indicate that these genes are highly similar to one another, and were created by recent, complex duplication events. This suggests that a minor alteration(s) could have been responsible for conferring "mutant" responder activity upon Tcr, while the other homologs retained "wild-type" biochemical function. In addition, we have identified and mapped three T66 genes in wild-type t complexes. They reside in two separate loci at the opposite ends of the proximal t complex inversion, and are separated by at least 3 cM.
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16

Abram, Michael E., Rebecca M. Hluhanich, Derrick D. Goodman, Kristen N. Andreatta, Nicolas A. Margot, Linda Ye, Anita Niedziela-Majka, et al. "Impact of Primary Elvitegravir Resistance-Associated Mutations in HIV-1 Integrase on Drug Susceptibility and Viral Replication Fitness." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 57, no. 6 (March 25, 2013): 2654–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.02568-12.

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ABSTRACTElvitegravir (EVG) is an effective HIV-1 integrase (IN) strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) in advanced clinical development. Primary INSTI resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) at six IN positions have been identified in HIV-1-infected patients failing EVG-containing regimens in clinical studies: T66I/A/K, E92Q/G, T97A, S147G, Q148R/H/K, and N155H. In this study, the effect of these primary IN mutations, alone and in combination, on susceptibility to the INSTIs EVG, raltegravir (RAL), and dolutegravir (DTG); IN enzyme activities; and viral replication fitness was characterized. Recombinant viruses containing the six most common mutations exhibited a range of reduced EVG susceptibility: 92-fold for Q148R, 30-fold for N155H, 26-fold for E92Q, 10-fold for T66I, 4-fold for S147G, and 2-fold for T97A. Less commonly observed primary IN mutations also showed a range of reduced EVG susceptibilities: 40- to 94-fold for T66K and Q148K and 5- to 10-fold for T66A, E92G, and Q148H. Some primary IN mutations exhibited broad cross-resistance between EVG and RAL (T66K, E92Q, Q148R/H/K, and N155H), while others retained susceptibility to RAL (T66I/A, E92G, T97A, and S147G). Dual combinations of primary IN mutations further reduced INSTI susceptibility, replication capacity, and viral fitness relative to either mutation alone. Susceptibility to DTG was retained by single primary IN mutations but reduced by dual mutation combinations with Q148R. Primary EVG RAMs also diminished IN enzymatic activities, concordant with their structural proximity to the active site. Greater reductions in viral fitness of dual mutation combinations may explain why some primary INSTI RAMs do not readily coexist on the same HIV-1 genome but rather establish independent pathways of resistance to EVG.
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17

Buzato, João B., Thiago A. Marques, and Maria Antonia P. Colabone Celligoi. "Cellulase production by a new Amazon rainforest isolate: Trichoderma sp. T676." New Biotechnology 29 (September 2012): S90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2012.08.252.

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18

Driver, David I., Deanna Greenstein, Madison Farmer, Judith Rapoport, and Nitin Gogtay. "Poster #T66 PREMORBID IMPAIRMENTS IN CHILDHOOD-ONSET SCHIZOPHRENIA." Schizophrenia Research 153 (April 2014): S312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-9964(14)70883-7.

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19

Korzeniowski, M., and B. Białobrzeska. "Analysis of Using Acoustic Microscopy to Evaluate Defects in Spot Welding Joints." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 61, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 1009–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2016-0172.

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AbstractThe article presents the possibilities of using acoustic microscopy to evaluate defects in resistance spot welding joints. For this purpose, the welded joints were made from two grades of aluminium plates EN AW5754 H24 and EN AW6005 T606, which were then subjected to non-destructive testing using acoustic microscopy and conventional destructive testing using traditional light microscopy techniques. Additionally, the study examined the influence of the typical contaminants found in industrial conditions on the quality of the joint.
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20

McMaster, G., A. Rice, R. Bertrand, M. McDade, A. M. Fletcher, and A. D. Small. "T66 Effect of repositioning gamma camera on measured LVEF." Nuclear Medicine Communications 28, no. 3 (March 2007): A36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006231-200703000-00140.

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21

Rau, E.-Ming, Inga Marie Aasen, and Helga Ertesvåg. "A non-canonical Δ9-desaturase synthesizing palmitoleic acid identified in the thraustochytrid Aurantiochytrium sp. T66." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 105, no. 14-15 (July 22, 2021): 5931–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-021-11425-5.

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Abstract Thraustochytrids are oleaginous marine eukaryotic microbes currently used to produce the essential omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 n-3). To improve the production of this essential fatty acid by strain engineering, it is important to deeply understand how thraustochytrids synthesize fatty acids. While DHA is synthesized by a dedicated enzyme complex, other fatty acids are probably synthesized by the fatty acid synthase, followed by desaturases and elongases. Which unsaturated fatty acids are produced differs between different thraustochytrid genera and species; for example, Aurantiochytrium sp. T66, but not Aurantiochytrium limacinum SR21, synthesizes palmitoleic acid (C16:1 n-7) and vaccenic acid (C18:1 n-7). How strain T66 can produce these fatty acids has not been known, because BLAST analyses suggest that strain T66 does not encode any Δ9-desaturase-like enzyme. However, it does encode one Δ12-desaturase-like enzyme. In this study, the latter enzyme was expressed in A. limacinum SR21, and both C16:1 n-7 and C18:1 n-7 could be detected in the transgenic cells. Our results show that this desaturase, annotated T66Des9, is a Δ9-desaturase accepting C16:0 as a substrate. Phylogenetic studies indicate that the corresponding gene probably has evolved from a Δ12-desaturase-encoding gene. This possibility has not been reported earlier and is important to consider when one tries to deduce the potential a given organism has for producing unsaturated fatty acids based on its genome sequence alone. Key points • In thraustochytrids, automatic gene annotation does not always explain the fatty acids produced. • T66Des9 is shown to synthesize palmitoleic acid (C16:1 n-7). • T66des9 has probably evolved from Δ12-desaturase-encoding genes.
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Ozunlu, Nihan, Hatice Tekeli, and Gul Baltaci. "Lateral Scapular Slide Test and Scapular Mobility in Volleyball Players." Journal of Athletic Training 46, no. 4 (July 1, 2011): 438–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-46.4.438.

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Context: The stability of the scapula in relation to the entire moving upper extremity is the key in the throwing sequence. The importance of scapular positioning in volleyball players has been well documented in the literature, but no one has compared scapular positioning between volleyball players and sedentary people. Objective: To compare measurements of scapular mobility obtained using the lateral scapular slide test between volleyball players and sedentary participants without shoulder impairments and to compare changes in scapular mobility in players according to the number of years of sport participation. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: University research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 121 people at a single university volunteered. Of these, 67 were sedentary (age = 24.3 ± 2.34 years, height = 1.69 ± 0.09 m, mass = 65.1 ± 11.91 kg); 54 were volleyball players from 4 professional teams and were separated into 2 groups according to their years of sport participation. The first group was named young players (n = 31; age = 17.7 ± 2.58 years, height = 1.83 ± 0.10 m, mass = 68.3 ± 12.21 kg, sport participation ≤ 9 years), and the second group was named old players (n = 23; age = 26.9 ± 3.39 years, height = 1.95 ± 4.38 m, mass = 90.7 ± 5.75 kg, sport participation ≥ 10 years). Main Outcome Measure(s): Study participants completed a rating scale for pain and a questionnaire about demographic and shoulder problems. One assessor performed the lateral scapular slide test and additional flexibility measurements around the shoulder girdle. Flexibility (external rotation, internal rotation) and scapular position (1, 2, 3) were compared among groups (young players, old players, sedentary people) and between sides (dominant, nondominant). Results: In sedentary participants, we found differences for position 1 (t66 = 3.327, P = .002), position 2 (t66 = 2.491, P = .004), position 3 (t66 = 2.512, P = .006), and internal rotation (t66 = 2.592, P = .001) between the dominant and nondominant sides. In old players, we found differences for position 2 between the dominant and nondominant sides (t22 = 2.956, P = .004). For position 2 (F2,118 = 4.265, P = .02) and position 3 (F2,118 = 4.702, P = .01), we found differences between young and old players. For internal rotation, we found differences between sedentary and old players (F2,118 = 6.578, P = .002) and between young and old players (F2,118 = 3.723, P = .01). Conclusions: Clinicians evaluating overhead athletes need to remember that asymmetric scapular posture between the dominant and nondominant sides in unilateral overhead athletes might be normal and not necessarily related to injury.
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Yi, Xian Zhong, Sheng Zong Jiang, Yuan Qiang Ji, and Wei Chang. "Tahe Oilfield Ground Stress Analysis Model and its Application in the Barefoot Hole Wall Collapse." Applied Mechanics and Materials 316-317 (April 2013): 838–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.316-317.838.

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The T606 well in Tahe oilfield, deep core sample physical mechanical properties were tested to provide the experimental theoretical basis for casing failure analysis under the stress field. Afterwards, established the Tahe oilfield ground stress model based on the increasing fracturing data and related field ground stress models. The ground stress model is applied to calculate the critical level value of barefoot hole wall collapse in Tahe oilfield six and seven area. By regulating the production parameters and keeping borehole liquid level height above the critical level value, open hole collapse can be prevented.
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Yabuno, Yusuke, Toshihiro Uchihashi, Towa Sasakura, Hiroyuki Shimizu, Yoko Naito, Kohshiro Fukushima, Kaori Ota, Mikihiko Kogo, Hiroshi Nojima, and Norikazu Yabuta. "Clathrin heavy chain phosphorylated at T606 plays a role in proper cell division." Cell Cycle 18, no. 16 (July 4, 2019): 1976–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15384101.2019.1637201.

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25

Smart, Sophie, Deborah Agbedjro, STRATA-G. Consortium, Antonio Pardinas, James Walters, Daniel Stahl, Robin Murray, and James MacCabe. "T66. PREDICTING TREATMENT RESISTANT SCHIZOPHRENIA AT FIRST-EPISODE OF PSYCHOSIS." Schizophrenia Bulletin 45, Supplement_2 (April 2019): S229—S230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbz019.346.

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26

Manning, D. P., and C. Jones. "The superior slip-resistance of footwear soling compound T66/103." Safety Science 18, no. 1 (August 1994): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0925-7535(94)90040-x.

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27

Simensen, Vetle, André Voigt, and Eivind Almaas. "High‐quality genome‐scale metabolic model of Aurantiochytrium sp. T66." Biotechnology and Bioengineering 118, no. 5 (March 11, 2021): 2105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.27726.

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28

Jakobsen, Anita N., Inga M. Aasen, and Arne R. Strøm. "Endogenously Synthesized (−)-proto-Quercitol and Glycine Betaine Are Principal Compatible Solutes of Schizochytrium sp. Strain S8 (ATCC 20889) and Three New Isolates of Phylogenetically Related Thraustochytrids." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 18 (July 27, 2007): 5848–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00610-07.

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ABSTRACT We report that endogenously synthesized (−)-proto-quercitol (1d-1,3,4/2,5-cyclohexanepentol) and glycine betaine were the principal compatible solutes of Schizochytrium sp. strain S8 (ATCC 20889) and three new osmotolerant isolates of thraustochytrids (strains T65, T66, and T67). The compatible solutes were identified and quantified by use of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and their identity was confirmed by mass spectroscopy and measurement of the specific optical rotation. The cellular content of compatible solutes increased with increasing NaCl concentration of a defined medium. (−)-proto-Quercitol was the dominating solute at all NaCl concentrations tested (0.25 to 1.0 M), e.g., cells of S8 and T66 stressed with 1.0 M NaCl accumulated about 500 μmol (−)-proto-quercitol and 100 μmol glycine betaine per g dry weight. To our knowledge, (−)-proto-quercitol has previously been found only in eucalyptus. The 18S rRNA gene sequences of the four (−)-proto-quercitol-producing strains showed 99% identity, and they displayed the same fatty acid profile. The only polyunsaturated fatty acids accumulated were docosahexaenoic acid (78%) and docosapentaenoic acid (22%). A less osmotolerant isolate (strain T29), which was closely phylogenetically related to Thraustochytrium aureum (ATCC 34304), did not contain (−)-proto-quercitol or glycine betaine. Thus, the level of osmotolerance and the osmolyte systems vary among thraustochytrids.
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29

Sosa, Pedro Valdes. "T66. Reinstating electrophysiology into global brain projects via CBRAIN and LORIS." Clinical Neurophysiology 129 (May 2018): e27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2018.04.067.

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30

Bona, C. A., M. Tuffrey, and R. D. Barnes. "Distribution of Theta Antigens in Ovum Fusion Derived AKR → CBA/H-T6T6 Tetraparental Mouse Chimaeras." Tissue Antigens 4, no. 1 (October 9, 2008): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0039.1974.tb00221.x.

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31

Menezes, Marcos Paulo Carrera, Maria Norma Ribeiro, Roberto Germano Costa, and Ariosvaldo Nunes de Medeiros. "Substituição do milho pela casca de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) em rações completas para caprinos: consumo, digestibilidade de nutrientes e ganho de peso." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 33, no. 3 (June 2004): 729–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982004000300022.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da substituição do milho pela casca de mandioca (CM), em rações completas para caprinos em crescimento, sobre o consumo e a digestibilidade de nutrientes e o ganho diário de peso, com análise econômica das rações. Foram utilizadas 24 fêmeas Saanen, com peso vivo médio inicial de 24,20 ± 2,28 kg e idade média de 10 meses. Os animais receberam ração completa com 59% de feno de Coastcross (Cynodon dactylon L.) (7,08% PB) e os tratamentos consistiram na substituição do milho pela casca de mandioca, em níveis crescentes (T0 = 0%; T33 = 33%; T66 = 66%; T100 = 100%). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com quatro tratamentos e seis repetições. O consumo médio diário de matéria seca (MS), matéria orgânica (MO), proteína bruta (PB), carboidratos não fibrosos (CNF) e carboidratos totais (CHOT) apresentou relação linear decrescente, enquanto o consumo de FDA apresentou relação quadrática com a substituição do milho pela CM. Já para o consumo de FDN, não houve diferenças significativas. Os coeficientes de digestibilidade da MS, MO, PB, FDN, FDA e EB apresentaram efeito linear decrescente. Os ganhos médios diários foram: 97,70; 83,33; 45,90 e 23,84 g/animal/dia, respectivamente, para os tratamentos T0, T33, T66 e T100. A análise econômica das rações experimentais mostra que não houve prejuízos na utilização, até o nível de 33% de substituição do milho pela CM.
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32

Svarovskaia, Evguenia S., Rebekah Barr, Xuechun Zhang, Godwin C. G. Pais, Christophe Marchand, Yves Pommier, Terrence R. Burke, and Vinay K. Pathak. "Azido-Containing Diketo Acid Derivatives Inhibit Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Integrase In Vivo and Influence the Frequency of Deletions at Two-Long-Terminal-Repeat-Circle Junctions." Journal of Virology 78, no. 7 (April 1, 2004): 3210–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.78.7.3210-3222.2004.

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ABSTRACT We previously found that azido-containing β-diketo acid derivatives (DKAs) are potent inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase (IN) (X. Zhang et al., Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 13:1215-1219, 2003). To characterize the intracellular mechanisms of action of DKAs, we analyzed the antiviral activities of two potent azido-containing DKAs with either a monosubstitution or a disubstitution of azido groups, using single- and multiple-replication-cycle assays. Both azido-containing DKAs significantly inhibited HIV-1 infection in 293T, CEM-SS, and H9 cells (50% inhibitory concentration = 2 to 13 μM) and exhibited low cytotoxicity (50% cytotoxic concentration = 60 to 600 μM). Inhibition of HIV-1 IN in vivo was demonstrated by the observation that previously described L-708,906 resistance mutations in HIV-1 IN (T66I and T66I/S153Y) also conferred resistance to the azido-group-containing DKAs. In vitro assays and in vivo analysis indicated that the DKAs did not significantly inhibit the 3′ processing and selectively inhibited the strand transfer reaction. In addition, quantitative PCR indicated that two-long-terminal-repeat (2-LTR) circles were elevated in the presence of the azido-containing DKAs, confirming that HIV-1 IN was the intracellular target of viral inhibition. To gain insight into the mechanism by which the DKAs increased 2-LTR-circle formation of 3′-processed viral DNAs, we performed extensive DNA sequencing analysis of 2-LTR-circle junctions. The results indicated that the frequency of deletions at the circle junctions was elevated from 19% for the untreated controls to 32 to 41% in the presence of monosubstituted (but not disubstituted) DKAs. These results indicate that the structure of the DKAs can influence the extent of degradation of viral DNA ends by host nucleases and the frequency of deletions at the 2-LTR-circle junctions. Thus, sequencing analysis of 2-LTR-circle junctions can elucidate the intracellular mechanisms of action of HIV-1 IN inhibitors.
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33

Liu, Bin, Helga Ertesvåg, Inga Marie Aasen, Olav Vadstein, Trygve Brautaset, and Tonje Marita Bjerkan Heggeset. "Draft genome sequence of the docosahexaenoic acid producing thraustochytrid Aurantiochytrium sp. T66." Genomics Data 8 (June 2016): 115–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gdata.2016.04.013.

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34

Sánchez, Marcos, Sergio Cicero, Borja Arroyo, and José Alberto Álvarez. "Coupling Finite Element Analysis and the Theory of Critical Distances to Estimate Critical Loads in Al6060-T66 Tubular Beams Containing Notches." Metals 10, no. 10 (October 20, 2020): 1395. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10101395.

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This paper validates a methodology for the estimation of critical loads in tubular beams containing notch-type defects. The methodology is particularized for the case of Al6060-T66 tubular cantilever beams containing U-shaped notches. It consists in obtaining the stress field at the notch tip using finite element analysis (FEA) and the subsequent application of the theory of critical distances (TCD) to derive the corresponding critical load (or load-bearing capacity). The results demonstrate that this methodology provides satisfactory predictions of fracture loads.
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35

Antunes, Ana Márcia Barbosa da Silva, Carlos Antônio Reis Pereira Baptista, Miguel Justino Ribeiro Barboza, and André Luís Moreira de Carvalho. "On the effect of interrupted ageing (T6I4) on the mechanical properties of AA6351 and AA7050 alloys." REM - International Engineering Journal 74, no. 1 (January 2021): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0370-44672019740154.

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36

Niemes, Simon, Michael Sturm, Robert Michling, and Beate Bornschein. "High Level Tritiated Water Monitoring by Bremsstrahlung Counting Using a Silicon Drift Detector." Fusion Science and Technology 67, no. 3 (April 2015): 507–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/fst14-t66.

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37

Zhang, Ping, Youqiang Wang, Yinong Xie, and Yabo Zhou. "A study on the dynamic shock performance of 7055-T6I4 aluminum alloy based on experimental and simulation." Vacuum 157 (November 2018): 306–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2018.08.042.

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38

Kopas, Peter, and Milan Sága. "In-phase multiaxial fatigue experimental analysis of welded cylindrical 6063-T66 aluminium alloy specimens." Manufacturing Technology 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21062/ujep/x.2013/a/1213-2489/mt/13/1/59.

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39

Du Rietz, Ebba, Sarah-Naomi James, Tobias Banaschewski, Daniel Brandeis, Philip Asherson, and Jonna Kuntsi. "T66. Arousal Profiles in Young Individuals With ADHD as a Function of Recording Context." Biological Psychiatry 83, no. 9 (May 2018): S154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.02.402.

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40

Brigo, Alessandro, Keun Woo Lee, Gabriela Iurcu Mustata, and James M. Briggs. "Comparison of Multiple Molecular Dynamics Trajectories Calculated for the Drug-Resistant HIV-1 Integrase T66I/M154I Catalytic Domain." Biophysical Journal 88, no. 5 (May 2005): 3072–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1529/biophysj.104.050286.

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41

Vahabi, S., and J. Akhlaghi. "T606 COMPARISON OF LOCAL ANESTHETIC EFFECTS OF TRAMADOL AND LIDOCAINE USED SUBCUTANEOUSLY IN MINOR SURGERIES WITH LOCAL ANESTHESIA." European Journal of Pain Supplements 5, S1 (September 2011): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1754-3207(11)70280-2.

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42

Uhríčik, Milan, Peter Kopas, Peter Palček, Tatiana Oršulová, and Patrícia Hanusová. "Multiaxial Fatigue Experimental Analysis of 6063-T66 Aluminum Alloy of the Base Material and the Welded Material." Quality Production Improvement - QPI 1, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 334–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cqpi-2019-0045.

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Abstract This article deals with determining of fatigue lifetime of aluminum alloy 6063-T66 during by multiaxial cyclic loading. The experiments deal with the testing of specimens for identification of the strain-life behavior of material, the modeling of combined loading and determining the number of cycles to fracture in the region of low-cycle fatigue. Fatigue tests under constant amplitude loading were performed in a standard electromechanical machine with a suitable gripping system. Based on the experimental results the fatigue design curves are compared to the fatigue data from the base material and the welded material and also multiaxial fatigue models, which are able to predict fatigue life at different loads.
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43

Zhao, Yue. "Study on oil-water distribution law of Saertu reservoir in T66 block of Aogula oilfield." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 781, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 022027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/781/2/022027.

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44

van der Meulen, O., Frans Soetens, and Johan Maljaars. "Experimental Analysis of Stability of Aluminium Beams in Case of Fire." Journal of Structural Fire Engineering 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/2040-2317.5.2.161.

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Fire is often the dominant design criterion for aluminium structures. Present design rules for aluminium constructions in fire neglect both the decrease in susceptibility to local buckling and the effects of creep, that are intrinsic to aluminium. They may therefore either overestimate or underestimate the temperature of failure, depending on the load and exposure period. As part of a larger research program aimed at remedying this situation, the present paper reports the results of an experimental study on 28 aluminium SHS members of alloy AA6060-T66 loaded in bending, with different cross-sections, temperatures, and rates of heating. The experimental set-up employs an electric heating tube or ‘sock’ on the inside of the specimen as well as heated supports and load application point, which give a high degree of control of temperature in time.
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45

Young, Michael, and Susan Rausch. "Be a Winner: Arkansas' Approach to Involving Law Enforcement Officers in Drug Education." Journal of Drug Education 21, no. 2 (June 1991): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/f4an-axl7-t616-4w1e.

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46

Morgenstern, Tanya, Deanna Grimes, and Richard Grimes. "Assessment of readiness to initiate antiretroviral therapy." HIV Clinical Trials 3, no. 2 (April 2002): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1310/t6y6-brcw-ar7a-wva3.

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47

Verhaak, P. F. M., and M. A. R. Tijhuis. "The Somatizing Patient in General Practice." International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 24, no. 2 (June 1994): 157–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/45h7-h8xf-t636-ub0x.

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Objective: The exploratory study described in this article followed two groups of patients over a twelve-month period. Subjects were drawn from a pool of patients who had consulted their general practitioner during the three-month selection period. One group consisted of patients who had consulted their general practitioner at least once about a physical complaint that the GP regarded as predominantly psychosocial; these patients did not articulate complaints of an explicitly mental or social nature. The second group was characterized by the fact that its members voiced precisely such mental or social complaints. Method: The study investigated the extent to which the two groups (which were comparable in the severity of their complaints) differ with respect to patient characteristics such as the severity of their possible psychological problems, the frequency with which they visited their GPs, and the types of complaints—e.g. mental, psychosomatic and purely physical—they presented. Results: It was found that patients in the first group, whose somatic complaints were seen to have a psychosocial basis, are not the dependent types generally mentioned in theories about somatization. In fact, they adopt a more independent attitude to the GP than do patients voicing mental complaints. There are indications that for “somatizing” patients, underlying mental problems are less important than for “psychologizing” patients. Conclusions: Both the somatizing patients and the psychologizing patients continued very frequent visits to their GP during the 12-month research period, although chiefly to address physical complaints that the GP also assessed as such.
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48

Ortiz, José Richard, and Pedro Comalat Rodes. "Habilidad combinatoria de 8 líneas élites dominicanas de maíz (Zea Mays L.)." Agronomía Mesoamericana 4 (June 21, 2016): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/am.v4i0.25169.

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Twenty eight inter-crosses from a diallel set of 8 Dominican inbred lines of maize were evaluated in 1990. The specific objectives were to determine general(gca) and specific (SCA) combining ability and to predict the best two and three-way hybrids. The inheritance of yield was determined by diaIlel analysis. General and specific (sca) combining ability and specific mean squares were statistically significant in yield, being the additive genetic variation much larger than the non additive variation. The parental T66 and NO3 showed the highest gca values and DK12xT66 (9.02 t/ha),NO2xNO3 (8.57t/ha) and DK12xT66 (8.36 t/ha) the best sca values. The results partially agree with previous studies. The best three and two way hybrids predictions were (NO3xT66)x NO3 and(NO2xT66) (NO3xDK14) with grain yield of 8.80 and 8.30 t/ha.
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Müller, M., S. Groblschegg, D. Samper, C. Bonezzi, and I. Steigerwald. "T616 CHANGES IN QUALITY OF LIFE PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE, CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN TREATED WITH TAPENTADOL PROLONGED RELEASE (PR)." European Journal of Pain Supplements 5, S1 (September 2011): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1754-3207(11)70290-5.

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50

Goethals, Olivia, Reginald Clayton, Marcia Van Ginderen, Inge Vereycken, Elisabeth Wagemans, Peggy Geluykens, Koen Dockx, et al. "Resistance Mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Integrase Selected with Elvitegravir Confer Reduced Susceptibility to a Wide Range of Integrase Inhibitors." Journal of Virology 82, no. 21 (August 20, 2008): 10366–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00470-08.

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ABSTRACT Integration of viral DNA into the host chromosome is an essential step in the life cycle of retroviruses and is facilitated by the viral integrase enzyme. The first generation of integrase inhibitors recently approved or currently in late-stage clinical trials shows great promise for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, but virus is expected to develop resistance to these drugs. Therefore, we used a novel resistance selection protocol to follow the emergence of resistant HIV in the presence of the integrase inhibitor elvitegravir (GS-9137). We find the primary resistance-conferring mutations to be Q148R, E92Q, and T66I and demonstrate that they confer a reduction in susceptibility not only to elvitegravir but also to raltegravir (MK-0518) and other integrase inhibitors. The locations of the mutations are highlighted in the catalytic sites of integrase, and we correlate the mutations with expected drug-protein contacts. In addition, mutations that do not confer reduced susceptibility when present alone (H114Y, L74M, R20K, A128T, E138K, and S230R) are also discussed in relation to their position in the catalytic core domain and their proximity to known structural features of integrase. These data broaden the understanding of antiviral resistance against integrase inhibitors and may give insight facilitating the discovery of second-generation compounds.
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