Relevant bibliographies by topics / T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging

Academic literature on the topic 'T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging"

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Forgues, M., R. Mehta, D. Anderson, C. Morel, L. Miller, A. Sevy, L. Son, and M. Arriaga. "Non-contrast magnetic resonance imaging for monitoring patients with acoustic neuroma." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 132, no. 9 (August 17, 2018): 780–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215118001342.

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AbstractObjectiveTo assess the feasibility of non-contrast T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging as compared to T1-weighted post-contrast magnetic resonance imaging for detecting acoustic neuroma growth.MethodsAdult patients with acoustic neuroma who underwent at least three magnetic resonance imaging scans of the internal auditory canals with and without contrast in the past nine years were identified. T1- and T2-weighted images were reviewed by three neuroradiologists, and tumour size was measured. Accuracy of the measurements on T2-weighted images was defined as a difference of less than or equal to 2 mm from the measurement on T1-weighted images.ResultsA total of 107 magnetic resonance imaging scans of 26 patients were reviewed. Measurements on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were 88 per cent accurate. Measurements on T2-weighted images differed from measurements on T1-weighted images by an average of 1.27 mm, or 10.4 per cent of the total size. The specificity of T2-weighted images was 88.2 per cent and the sensitivity was 77.8 per cent.ConclusionThe T2-weighted sequences are fairly accurate in measuring acoustic neuroma size and identifying growth if one keeps in mind the caveats associated with the tumour characteristics or location.
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Bhalodiya, Jayendra M., Sarah N. Lim Choi Keung, and Theodoros N. Arvanitis. "Magnetic resonance image-based brain tumour segmentation methods: A systematic review." DIGITAL HEALTH 8 (January 2022): 205520762210741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20552076221074122.

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Background Image segmentation is an essential step in the analysis and subsequent characterisation of brain tumours through magnetic resonance imaging. In the literature, segmentation methods are empowered by open-access magnetic resonance imaging datasets, such as the brain tumour segmentation dataset. Moreover, with the increased use of artificial intelligence methods in medical imaging, access to larger data repositories has become vital in method development. Purpose To determine what automated brain tumour segmentation techniques can medical imaging specialists and clinicians use to identify tumour components, compared to manual segmentation. Methods We conducted a systematic review of 572 brain tumour segmentation studies during 2015–2020. We reviewed segmentation techniques using T1-weighted, T2-weighted, gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, diffusion-weighted and perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging sequences. Moreover, we assessed physics or mathematics-based methods, deep learning methods, and software-based or semi-automatic methods, as applied to magnetic resonance imaging techniques. Particularly, we synthesised each method as per the utilised magnetic resonance imaging sequences, study population, technical approach (such as deep learning) and performance score measures (such as Dice score). Statistical tests We compared median Dice score in segmenting the whole tumour, tumour core and enhanced tumour. Results We found that T1-weighted, gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted, T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging are used the most in various segmentation algorithms. However, there is limited use of perfusion-weighted and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Moreover, we found that the U-Net deep learning technology is cited the most, and has high accuracy (Dice score 0.9) for magnetic resonance imaging-based brain tumour segmentation. Conclusion U-Net is a promising deep learning technology for magnetic resonance imaging-based brain tumour segmentation. The community should be encouraged to contribute open-access datasets so training, testing and validation of deep learning algorithms can be improved, particularly for diffusion- and perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, where there are limited datasets available.
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Zhalniarovich, Y., A. Przeworski, J. Glodek, and Z. Adamiak. "Low-field magnetic resonance imaging of otitis media in two cats: a case report." Veterinární Medicína 62, No. 2 (February 13, 2017): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/94/2016-vetmed.

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Otitis media is a common disease in clinical veterinary practice. Although low-field magnetic resonance imaging reports for otitis media in dogs exist, in cats detailed information is missing. Radiography is helpful in diagnosing chronic inflammation, but may be insufficient during the initial phase of inflammation. For this reason, this report describes the magnetic resonance findings in two cats with otitis media. In both cases, middle ear empyema was detected. Magnetic resonance imaging of middle ear disorders in cats should contain pre- and post-contrast T1-weighted sequences in the dorsal and transverse planes, a T2-weighted sequence in the dorsal and transverse planes and a fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence in the dorsal or transverse planes. On pre-contrast T1-weighted images, the empyema had an intensity similar to that of brain tissue with a delicate hyper-intensity in the middle. On post-contrast T1-weighted images, the material had non-uniform enhancement in the dorsolateral compartment and circumference enhancement in the ventromedial compartment of the tympanic bulla with a hypo-intense centre. On T2-weighted images, the mass had heterogeneously increased signal intensity to brain tissue, but was less intense than cerebrospinal fluid. In the fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence, the pathological lesion was distinctly hyper-intense in comparison to other tissues with a narrow area of increased signal intensity in the middle of the ventromedial tympanic bulla compartment. Magnetic resonance imaging is commonly used for the visualisation of different disorders of the membranous labyrinth and allows the differentiation of chronic hematomas, empyemas and middle and internal ear neoplasia. The recommended magnetic resonance protocol of the middle ear should include pre- and post-contrast T1 sequences in the dorsal and transverse planes, the T2 sequence in the dorsal and transverse planes and the fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence in the dorsal or transverse planes.
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IMAEDA, T., R. NAKAMURA, T. MIURA, and N. MAKINO. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Scaphoid Fractures." Journal of Hand Surgery 17, no. 1 (February 1992): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-7681(92)90007-o.

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The use of a 1.5 tesla superconducting M.R. imager and surface coil was found to enhance the ability of M.R.I, to depict the fine anatomy of the wrist. Five healthy volunteers and 28 patients with scaphoid fractures underwent M.R.I., which made possible a definitive diagnosis of scaphoid fractures at an early stage. A fresh fracture was identified by decreased or iso signal intensity on the T1-weighted image and increased signal intensity on the T2-weighted image. This increase continued until bony union was apparent on radiographs. On the T2-weighted image, high signal intensity was characteristic of fresh fractures and suggested that bony union was possible. When bony union was complete, the intensity of the signal for the scaphoid on both T1 and T2-weighted images returned to normal. M.R.I. should thus prove useful in the diagnosis of scaphoid fractures.
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Glodek, J., Z. Adamiak, M. Mieszkowska, and A. Przeworski. "Low-field magnetic resonance imaging of changes after femoral osteosynthesis failure: a case report." Veterinární Medicína 62, No. 11 (November 16, 2017): 625–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/145/2016-vetmed.

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We describe here a case study of a 16-month-old female European shorthair cat examined about 6 months after the osteosynthesis of a femoral fracture. Clinical examination revealed a non-weightbearing left limb, pain upon manipulation of the hip joint, complete immobilisation of the stifle joint and muscle atrophy in the left thigh. Low-field magnetic resonance images were acquired in sagittal, transverse and dorsal planes with T1-weighted spin echo, T2-weighted fast spin echo, T1-weighted gradient echo, gradient echo short tau inversion recovery and T1-weighted XBone sequences. Total examination time was 59 min 20 s. The obtained images revealed the presence of osteophytes on the surface of the femoral head, subluxation of the hip joint, atrophy and fatty infiltration of the quadriceps femoris muscle. The symmetry and size of callus in the fracture site were also evaluated. Based on the results of the magnetic resonance imaging exam, the patient was diagnosed with hip osteoarthritis, atrophy and fatty degeneration of the quadriceps femoris muscle with homogeneous and symmetrical distribution of callus in the fracture site. The results of this study confirm the high diagnostic value of low-field magnetic resonance imaging in diagnostics of musculoskeletal injuries in cats.
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IMAEDA, T., R. NAKAMURA, T. MIURA, and N. MAKINO. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Kienböck’s Disease." Journal of Hand Surgery 17, no. 1 (February 1992): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-7681(92)90006-n.

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With a 1.5 tesla superconducting M.R. imager and surface coil, M.R. imaging achieved high resolution analysis of the wrist on five normal wrists and 26 wrists with Kienböck’s disease. The purpose of this study was to establish new criteria for diagnosis, staging and prognosis of Kienböck’s disease, based on signal characteristics on T1-and T2-weighted images. Focal loss of signal intensity of the lunate on T1-weighted image was an indication of Kienböck’s disease. A decreased signal containing a high spot and increased signal intensity of the lunate on T2-weighted images indicated a better prognosis. After osteotomy of the radius, the signal intensity of the lunate returned to normal and Lichtman’s stage II cases had better results than those in stage III. M.R. imaging is ideal for evaluating the lunate in Kienböck’s disease.
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Sutherland, Garnette R., Taro Kaibara, Carla Wallace, Boguslaw Tomanek, and Marlene Richter. "Intraoperative Assessment of Aneurysm Clipping Using Magnetic Resonance Angiography and Diffusion-weighted Imaging: Technical Case Report." Neurosurgery 50, no. 4 (April 1, 2002): 893–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006123-200204000-00044.

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Abstract OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: To use intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging, including magnetic resonance angiography and diffusion-weighted imaging, to monitor the surgical treatment of a patient with an intracranial aneurysm. TECHNIQUE: Intraoperative imaging was performed with a ceiling-mounted, mobile, 1.5-T magnet (developed in collaboration with Innovative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Systems, Inc., Winnipeg, MB, Canada) that included high-performance 20-mT/m gradients. Pre- and postclipping, intraoperative, T1-weighted, angiographic and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images were obtained from a patient with an incidental, 8-mm, anterior communicating artery aneurysm. RESULTS: T1-weighted images demonstrated brain anatomic features, with visible shifts induced by surgery. Magnetic resonance angiography demonstrated the aneurysm and indicated that, after clipping, the A1 and A2 anterior cerebral artery branches were patent. Diffusion-weighted studies demonstrated no evidence of brain ischemia. CONCLUSION: For the first time, intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging has been used to monitor the surgical treatment of a patient with an intracranial aneurysm.
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Batta, Akash, Karthik Vinay Mahesh, Nandita Prabhat, Ritu Shree, Manoj K. Goyal, Chirag K. Ahuja, Alex Rebello, et al. "Newer magnetic resonance imaging techniques in neurocysticercosis." Neuroradiology Journal 33, no. 6 (August 26, 2020): 538–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1971400920949394.

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Introduction The definitive diagnosis of neurocysticercosis continues to be challenging. We evaluate the role of newer magnetic resonance imaging techniques including constructive interference in steady state, susceptibility-weighted imaging, arterial spin labelling and magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis. Aims and objectives To study the utility of newer magnetic resonance imaging sequences in the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis. Patients and methods Eighty-five consecutive patients with neurocysticercosis attending a tertiary care hospital and teaching centre in northern India were included in the study. The diagnosis of neurocysticercosis was made by the Del Brutto criteria. All patients received treatment according to standard guidelines and were followed at 3-month intervals. The following magnetic resonance sequences were performed at baseline: T1 and T2-weighted axial sequences; T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery axial sequences; diffusion-weighted imaging; susceptibility-weighted imaging; pre and post-contrast T1-weighted imaging; heavily T2-weighted thin sections (constructive interference in steady state); arterial spin labelling ( n = 19); and magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( n = 24). Results The mean (±SD) age was 29.4 ± 12.9 years and 76.5% were men. Seizures were the commonest symptom (89.4%) followed by headache (24.3%), encephalitis (9.4%) and raised intracranial pressure (9.4%). Scolex could be visualised in 43.7%, 55.5% and 61.2% of neurocysticercosis patients using conventional, susceptibility-weighted angiography and constructive interference in steady state imaging sequences, respectively. Susceptibility-weighted angiography and constructive interference in steady state images resulted in significantly higher ( P < 0.01) visualisation of scolex compared to conventional sequences. Conclusion Newer magnetic resonance imaging modalities have a lot of promise for improving the radiological diagnosis of neurocysticercosis.
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Kassamali, R. H., and S. J. Karia. "Axial T1 weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the sacrum." BMJ 348, jan07 10 (January 7, 2014): f7712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f7712.

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Shen, Wei, Xiuqun Gong, Jessica Weiss, and Ye Jin. "Comparison among T1-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Modified Dixon Method, and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Measuring Bone Marrow Fat." Journal of Obesity 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/298675.

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Introduction. An increasing number of studies are utilizing different magnetic resonance (MR) methods to quantify bone marrow fat due to its potential role in osteoporosis. Our aim is to compare the measurements of bone marrow fat among T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), modified Dixon method (also called fat fraction MRI (FFMRI)), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).Methods. Contiguous MRI scans were acquired in 27 Caucasian postmenopausal women with a modified Dixon method (i.e., FFMRI). Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) of T1-weighted MRI and bone marrow fat fraction of the L3 vertebra and femoral necks were quantified using SliceOmatic and Matlab. MRS was also acquired at the L3 vertebra.Results. Correlation among the three MR methods measured bone marrow fat fraction and BMAT ranges from 0.78 to 0.88 in the L3 vertebra. Correlation between BMAT measured by T1-weighted MRI and bone marrow fat fraction measured by modified FFMRI is 0.86 in femoral necks.Conclusion. There are good correlations among T1-weighted MRI, FFMRI, and MRS for bone marrow fat quantification. The inhomogeneous distribution of bone marrow fat, the threshold segmentation of the T1-weighted MRI, and the ambiguity of the FFMRI may partially explain the difference among the three methods.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging"

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Williams, Catherine F. M. "Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging techniques." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1998. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU602003.

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The aim of this project was to compare and evaluate other, non-EPI, diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) sequences, through imaging experiments, on a phantom and in vivo, (using a 0.95 T system) and computer simulations, and to develop improved DWI methodology which could be implemented on standard hardware. Pulsed gradient spin echo (PGSE) and diffusion-weighted STEAM are slow multiple shot sequences, with measurement times of several minutes. Both sequences are highly sensitive to patient motion, but motion artifact was virtually eliminated using navigator echo phase correction and EGG triggering when diffusion-sensitisation was in the phase-encoding direction. It was demonstrated that both sequences can provide high quality images and allow accurate and straightforward diffusion-coefficient measurement when an imaging time period in the region of 20-30 minutes is available and when diffusion-sensitisation is required in one or two directions. A third direction of diffusion-sensitisation may be feasible if more sophisticated immobilisation or phase correction techniques are employed. A choice between PGSE or STEAM for a given application should take account of the Ti and T2 values of the imaged tissues, since a higher SNR might be provided by STEAM when the T1T2 ratio is high. A diffusion-weighted CE-FAST sequence was implemented with the novel modification of acquisition of a navigator gradient-echo, which was shown to reduce motion artifact when diffusion-sensitisation was in the phase-encoding direction. However, it has been demonstrated by other workers that unknown signal losses due to motion-induced phase incoherence between signal components may remain. The SNR (normalised with respect to the square root of the imaging time) in the phantom and in white matter was similar to that obtained using PGSE, but an advantage of CE- FAST is that it can be performed in a fraction of the measurement time of PGSE. Diffusion-sensitivity was much higher than in other sequences and the diffusion- attenuation was found to agree with an analysis presented in the literature. However, a major disadvantage of the technique, which precludes its use for many DWI applications, is the requirement of accurate knowledge of Ti, T2 and flip angle in order to calculate the diffusion coefficient or tensor. Prior to a study of diffusion-weighted snapshot FLASH, the effects of magnetisation evolution during snapshot FLASH acquisition on image quality and parameter measurement accuracy were first investigated, through phantom experiments and computer simulations, in the context of a r2-weighted snapshot FLASH sequence. It was demonstrated that magnetisation evolution effects can lead to significant error in parameter measurement, but that this error can be eliminated by using crusher gradients to prevent evolved magnetisation from contributing to the acquired signal. However, qualitative effects are not entirely eliminated, since a significant degree of edge blurring may remain, and there is a 50% loss of SNR inherent to the crusher gradient technique. It was then shown, theoretically and experimentally, that in diffusion-weighted snapshot FLASH, the crusher gradient technique not only addresses the problem of magnetisation evolution, but also eliminates the effect of phase shifts arising during the diffusion-preparation sequence.
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McNab, Jennifer A. "High Resolution Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504436.

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Young, Victoria Eleanor Louise. "Enhancement of carotid magnetic resonance imaging with diffusion weighted imaging." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648278.

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Brand, Jonathan F., Lars R. Furenlid, Maria I. Altbach, Jean-Philippe Galons, Achyut Bhattacharyya, Puneet Sharma, Tulshi Bhattacharyya, Ali Bilgin, and Diego R. Martin. "Task-based optimization of flip angle for fibrosis detection in T1-weighted MRI of liver." SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622346.

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Chronic liver disease is a worldwide health problem, and hepatic fibrosis (HF) is one of the hallmarks of the disease. The current reference standard for diagnosing HF is biopsy followed by pathologist examination; however, this is limited by sampling error and carries a risk of complications. Pathology diagnosis of HF is based on textural change in the liver as a lobular collagen network that develops within portal triads. The scale of collagen lobules is characteristically in the order of 1 to 5 mm, which approximates the resolution limit of in vivo gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in the delayed phase. We use MRI of formalin-fixed human ex vivo liver samples as phantoms that mimic the textural contrast of in vivo Gd-MRI. We have developed a local texture analysis that is applied to phantom images, and the results are used to train model observers to detect HF. The performance of the observer is assessed with the area-under-the-receiver-operator-characteristic curve (AUROC) as the figure-of-merit. To optimize the MRI pulse sequence, phantoms were scanned with multiple times at a range of flip angles. The flip angle that was associated with the highest AUROC was chosen as optimal for the task of detecting HF. (C) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.
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MA, DAN. "Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1426170542.

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Frost, Stephen Robert. "Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with readout-segmented echo-planar imaging." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:94421cdc-6bcb-49c2-b9d9-64e016b875f8.

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Diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging is an important neuroimaging technique that has successful applications in diagnosis of ischemic stroke and methods based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Tensor measures have been used for detecting changes in tissue microstructure and for non-invasively tracing white matter connections in vivo. The most common image acquistion strategy is to use a DW single-shot echo-planar imaging (ss-EPI) pulse sequence, which is attractive due to its robustness to motion artefacts and high imaging speed. However, this sequence has limited achievable spatial resolution and suffers from geometric distortion and blurring artefacts. Readout-segmented echo-planar imaging (rs-EPI) is a DW sequence that is capable of acquiring high-resolution images by segmenting the acquisition of k- space into multiple shots. The fast, short readouts reduce distortion and blurring and the problem of artefacts due to motion-induced phase changes between shots can be overcome with navigator techniques. The rs-EPI sequence has two main shortcomings. (i) The method is slow to produce image volumes, which is limiting for clinical scans due to patient welfare and prevents us from acquiring very many directions in DTI. (ii) The sequence (like other diffusion techniques) is far from the optimum repetition time (TR) for acquiring data with the highest possible signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in a given time. The work in this thesis seeks to address both of these important issues using a range of approaches. In Chapter 4 a partial Fourier extension is presented, which addresses point (i) by reducing the number of readout segments acquired and estimating the missing data. This allows reductions in scan time by approximately 40% and the reliability of the images is demonstrated in comparisons with the original images. The application of a simultaneous multi-slice scheme to rs-EPI, to address points (i) and (ii), is described in Chapter 5. Using the slice-accelerated rs-EPI sequence, tractography data were compared to ss-EPI data and high-resolution trace-weighted data were acquired in clinically relevant scan times. Finally, a 3D multi-slab extension that addresses point (i) is presented in Chapter 6. A 3D sequence could also allow higher resolution in the slice direction than 2D multi-slice methods, which are limited by the difficulties in exciting thin, accurate slices. A 3D version of rs-EPI was simulated and implemented and a k-space acquisition synchronised to the cardiac cycle showed substantial improvements in image artefacts compared to a conventional k-space acquisition.
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Higgins, David Michael. "T1 measurement for quantitative myocardial perfusion assessment with magnetic resonance imaging." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421378.

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Cameron, Donnie. "Quantitative T1 magnetic resonance imaging in the myocardium : development and clinical applications." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2013. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=202753.

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Background: Qualitative magnetic resonance imaging methods, such as T2-weighted (T2W) imaging, are commonly used for cardiac tissue characterisation. However, these are sensitive to image artefact, and results are unreliable. Modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) provides robust, quantitative T1 imaging in the myocardium, but it is subject to limitations: its T1 measurement accuracy is dependent on heart rate, it exhibits banding artefacts, and a lengthy breath hold is required. In this thesis, some MOLLI variants were developed with the aim of mitigating these problems. Furthermore, MOLLI was applied to two different patient groups for comparison with a typical T2W method. Methods: MOLLI variants used alternative k-space trajectories, gradient-echo readouts, startup preparations, and sampling schemes, and were tested in silico, in vitro and in vivo—in healthy volunteers. In patients, conventional MOLLI was compared to T2W spectral attenuated inversion recovery (SPAIR) for oedema detection in both acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM). RESULTS: Simulation, phantom and volunteer data showed that a linear sweep up (skipped pulse pair) startup preparation enables improved T1 measurements. A MOLLI variant with a reduced sampling scheme performed similarly to conventional MOLLI, allowing for shorter breath holds. Different k-space trajectories did not significantly affect T1 measurement accuracy, but precision varied: possibly due to artefacts. For oedema identification, MOLLI performed significantly better than T2W-SPAIR in STEMI patients, and the two were comparable in TCM patients. In all patients, remote myocardium showed an elevated T1 relative to healthy volunteers, suggesting remote inflammation. Conclusions: It was shown that MOLLI T1 mapping can delineate oedema in acute STEMI and TCM patients, producing measurements that are more robust and reproducible than those made with T2W SPAIR. A number of improvements were suggested in this work, but there is still substantial scope for developing the MOLLI T1 mapping pulse sequence.
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Guinn, Amy Rebecca. "A New Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent for the Detection of Glutathione." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10432.

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most powerful imaging techniques for research and clinical diagnosis. To expand upon the intrinsic capabilities of MRI, new contrast agents that can detect the presence of biomarkers in vivo are being developed. My Masters thesis research focuses on the design and synthesis of a new MRI contrast agent that can detect glutathione (GSH), a biomarker that has been implicated in a number of oxidative stress diseases. This new MRI contrast agent is based on chelated dysprosium (Dy), an inorganic metal, which provides negative contrast to surrounding tissue. Preliminary data has shown that attaching a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chain to the Dy chelate, effectively increasing its molecular weight, enhances the contrast ability of Dy. Using this new information, the contrast agent was designed to have a large molecular weight PEG chain attached to the Dy chelate through a disulfide, creating a thiol-sensitive linkage. In the presence of a thiol-containing molecule such as GSH, the Dy will be dePEGylated through a disulfide exchange reaction, removing the molecular weight effect of the PEG, and allowing for the detection of GSH by MRI. This new MRI contrast agent could provide insight into the progression and diagnosis of oxidative stress pathologies associated with GSH.
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McGraw, Tim E. "Denoising, segmentation and visualization of diffusion weighted MRI." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0011618.

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Books on the topic "T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging"

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Glockner, James F., Kazuhiro Kitajima, and Akira Kawashima. Magnetic resonance imaging. Edited by Christopher G. Winearls. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0015_update_001.

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides excellent anatomic detail and soft tissue contrast for the evaluation of patients with renal disease. MRI needs longer scan time than computed tomography (CT); however, no radiation is involved. Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are used to help provide additional image contrast during MRI. MRI is indicated for characterization of renal mass, staging of malignant renal neoplasms, and determination of vena cava involvement by the renal tumour. Magnetic resonance (MR) angiography is widely accepted as a non-invasive imaging work-up of renal artery stenosis. MR urography is an alternative to CT urography to assess the upper urinary tract but does not identify urinary calculi. Diffusion-weighted imaging is a functional MR technique being used to characterize parenchymal renal disease and renal tumours. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis is a rare but debilitating and potentially life-threatening condition which has been linked to exposure of GBCAs in patients with severe renal insufficiency. The risk versus benefit must be assessed before proceeding.
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Taouli, Bachir. Extra-Cranial Applications of Diffusion-Weighted MRI. Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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Taouli, Bachir. Extra-Cranial Applications of Diffusion-Weighted Mri. Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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Taouli, Bachir. Extra-Cranial Applications of Diffusion-Weighted MRI. Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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Extra-Cranial Applications of Diffusion-Weighted MRI. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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Moritani, Toshio, Sven Ekholm, and Per-Lennart A. Westesson. Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging of the Brain. Springer London, Limited, 2009.

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Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging of the Brain. Springer, 2004.

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Thoeny, Harriet C., and Dow-Mu Koh. Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging: Applications in the Body. Springer, 2012.

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Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging: Applications in the Body (Medical Radiology). Springer, 2010.

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Das, Raj, Susan Heenan, and Uday Patel. Magnetic resonance imaging in urology. Edited by Michael Weston. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659579.003.0134.

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Magnetic resonance imaging is essential for urological imaging. It offers excellent soft tissue contrast and resolution, allowing manipulation of tissue contrast with different image weighting and sequences. The multiplanar aspect of MRI allows image acquisition in different planes and degrees of obliquity to best exhibit pathology. The basic physics of MRI is explored initially with explanation of image weighting, sequences, and diffusion-weighted imaging. The chapter is then divided into renal, bladder, and prostate MRI imaging. The paragraphs on renal MRI outline renal mass analysis and include characterization and assessment of cystic and fat-containing lesions. Staging of renal carcinoma with MRI is also discussed, along with its advantages compared with CT staging. Throughout the text, the key diagnostic MRI features with each disease and organ, and the pitfalls and caveats of MRI imaging are emphasized.
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Book chapters on the topic "T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging"

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Oldendorf, William, and William Oldendorf. "Tissue Characterization: T1 and T2." In Basics of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 31–50. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2081-4_5.

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Barnes, Samuel, and E. Mark Haacke. "Susceptibility Weighted Imaging and MR Angiography." In Magnetic Resonance Angiography, 157–67. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1686-0_12.

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Li, Xingfeng. "Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Analysis." In Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Processing, 143–77. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7302-8_5.

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Li, Xingfeng. "MRI Perfusion-Weighted Imaging Analysis." In Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Processing, 1–37. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7302-8_1.

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King, Martin, Nick van Bruggen, Albert Busza, and Robert Turner. "Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging." In Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging in Neurochemistry, 179–211. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5863-7_8.

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Guadilla, Irene, Daniel Calle, and Pilar López-Larrubia. "Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging." In Preclinical MRI, 89–101. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7531-0_6.

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Barth, Markus, and Daniel B. Rowe. "Functional Susceptibility Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging." In Susceptibility Weighted Imaging in MRI, 561–75. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470905203.ch30.

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Neelavalli, Jaladhar, Yu-Chung Norman Cheng, and E. Mark Haacke. "Rapid Calculation of Magnetic Field Perturbations from Biological Tissue in Magnetic Resonance Imaging." In Susceptibility Weighted Imaging in MRI, 419–59. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470905203.ch24.

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Mehralivand, Sherif, Christopher Knaus, Peter L. Choyke, and Baris Turkbey. "Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Prostate." In Diffusion Weighted Imaging of the Genitourinary System, 167–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69575-4_8.

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Rowe, Daniel B., Jing Jiang, and E. Mark Haacke. "Complex Thresholding Methods for Eliminating Voxels That Contain Predominantly Noise in Magnetic Resonance Images." In Susceptibility Weighted Imaging in MRI, 577–603. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470905203.ch31.

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Conference papers on the topic "T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging"

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Castro, I., L. Humbert, T. Whitmarsh, A. Lazary, L. M. Del Rio Barquero, and A. F. Frangi. "3D reconstruction of intervertebral discs from T1-weighted magnetic resonance images." In 2012 IEEE 9th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2012.6235905.

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Hsiao, Chia-Chi, Huay-Ben Pan, Jo-Chi Jao, Woei-Chyn Chu, and Po-Chou Chen. "Optimal Concentrations of Contrast Agent Gadobutrol in T1-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging." In 2011 5th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2011.5780702.

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Dantas, Pedro da Cunha, Lucas Pablo Almendro, Ana Caroline Fonseca Silva, and André Douglas Marinho da Silva. "Magnetic resonance and its diagnostic accuracy of glioblastoma: narrative review." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.294.

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Introduction: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal Central Nervous System (CNS) malignant cancer, and the exclusion of differential diagnoses - eg primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) - often occurs via various Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) methodologies. Objective: To describe which best image sequences are critical for greater accuracy in the diagnosis of GBM and for their distinction from other CNS tumors. Methods: This is a literature narrative review, initiated by research in Pubmed database, using associated Key words: “Glioblastoma” and “Magnetic Resonance”; and filters: systematic reviews + last 5 years publications. Productions that didn’t meet the objective were discarded. Results: MRI has accuracy for diagnosing GBM using the combination T2 + FLAIR + T1 with pre and post-gadolinic contrast. Diffusion and perfusion-weighted MRI association show an improvement in specificity. Computed tomography is used when MRI is unviable, identifying calcifications or hemorrhages and determining the lesion location and surgical potential. Also, spectroscopic MRI, diffusion tensor imaging and PET 18F-FDG, and 11C-MET were reported as important additional diagnostic criteria. Diffusion MRI (DWI) is a non-invasive, convenient, economical, and quick procedure when compared to GBM biopsy. Therefore, adding reliable evidence for moderate differentiation between GBM and PCNSL through DWI. Conclusion: Reliable methods are needed for GBM accurate diagnosis and its differential diagnoses, using at least T2 + FLAIR + T1, and physiological exams to enhance specificity.
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Barker, Alex J., Brant Cage, Stephen Russek, Ruchira Garg, Robin Shandas, and Conrad R. Stoldt. "Tailored Nanoscale Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-81503.

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Two potential molecular imaging vectors are investigated for material properties and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast improvement. Monodisperse magnetite (Fe3O4) nanocrystals ranging in size from 7 to 22 nm are solvothermally synthesized by thermolysis of Fe(III) acetylacetonate (Fe(AcAc)3) both with and without the use of heptanoic acid (HA) as a capping ligand. For the resulting Fe3O4 nanocrystals, X-Ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), and superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry (SQUID) is used to identify the average particle size, monodispersity, crystal symmetry, and magnetic properties of the ensembles as a function of time. The characterization study indicates that the HA synthesis route at 3 hours produced nanoparticles with the greatest magnetic anisotropy (15.8 × 104 J/m3). The feasibility of Fe8 single molecule magnets (SMMs) as a potential MRI contrast agent is also examined. SQUID magnetization measurements are used to determine anisotropy and saturation of the potential agents. The effectiveness of the Fe3O4 nanocrystals and Fe8 as potential MRI molecular probes is evaluated by MRI contrast improvement using 1.5 mL phantoms dispersed in de-ionized water. Results indicate that the magnetically optimized Fe3O4 nanocrystals and Fe8 SMMs hold promise for use as contrast agents based on the reported MRI images and solution phase T1/T2 shortening.
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Van Steenkiste, Gwendolyn, Dirk H. J. Poot, Ben Jeurissen, Arnold J. den Dekker, and Jan Sijbers. "High resolution T1 estimation from multiple low resolution magnetic resonance images." In 2015 IEEE 12th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI 2015). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2015.7164048.

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Senra Filho, Antonio Carlos da S., Juliano Jinzenji Duque, and Luiz Otavio Murta. "Isotropic anomalous filtering in Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging." In 2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2013.6610427.

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Guan, J. T., G. Guo, Y. Q. Geng, X. H. Xu, and X. J. Yu. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Diffusion Weighted Imaging Appearance of Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma." In 2008 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering And Informatics (BMEI). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2008.32.

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Hu, Yong, Shijun Sung, Neha Bajwa, Daniel Ennis, and Zachary D. Taylor. "THz imaging as an adjunct for T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging." In 2017 42nd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irmmw-thz.2017.8067264.

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Zaghouani Ben Alaya, H., and F. Ferhi. "AB1189 Role of diffusion weighted imaging in diabetic foot magnetic resonance imaging." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2018, Amsterdam, 13–16 June 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-eular.5409.

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Chen, P. C., J. C. Jao, D. J. Lin, C. C. Hsiao, and H. B. Pan. "Effect of gadobutrol on VX2 magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging." In 2012 34th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6345949.

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Reports on the topic "T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging"

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Gareau, Paul, and Brian K. Rutt. Prediction of Malignancy in Breast Tumors Using Diffusion Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada390993.

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Wu, Xin. The efficacy and safety of anti-CD20 antibody treatments in relapsing multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0075.

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Review question / Objective: The objectives of this systematic review were to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the three existing anti-CD20 antibodies for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis and to aid clinicians in choosing medications. Eligibility criteria: We set the inclusion criteria as follows: (1) study type: RCT; (2) language restriction: only available in English; (3) participants: patients ≥18 years of age diagnosed with relapsing MS, whether with a relapsing–remitting course or a secondary progressive course; (4) intervention: anti-CD20 antibody treatments including ocrelizumab, ofatumumab, rituximab, and corresponding control including placebo and active treatments; (5) outcomes: clinical outcomes including annualized rate of relapse (ARR), the number of patients free of relapse, and the number of patients with confirmed disease progression (CDP); magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) outcomes including gadolinium-enhancing lesion change in T1, change in the volume of lesions on T2, the number of patients with no new or newly enlarged lesions in T2 and the brain volume change (BVC); safety outcomes including adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs). Included RCTs were not requested to supply all the outcomes mentioned above. We set the exclusion criteria as follows: (1) study type: retrospective studies, cohort studies, case reviews and case reports; (2) patients diagnosed with primary progressive MS.
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