Academic literature on the topic 'T.H. McAllister (Firm)'

Bach, S. J., Cook, S. R., Wang, Y., Stanford, K., Johnson, R. P. and McAllister, T. A. 2012. Short Communication: Escherichia coli O157 bacteriophages: lytic activity and effects on fermentation in ruminal batch culture. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 92: 545–550. The effect of three lytic Escherichia coli O157, rV5, wV8 and wV11 on in vitro pH, gas production and dry matter disappearance in bovine ruminal cultures were assessed. None of the bacteriophages altered any of the measured parameters in ruminal fluid from concentrate or forage-fed animals. All bacteriophages were able to persist in ruminal fluid from forage and concentrate-fed cattle over a 24-h period; however, lytic activity against E. coli O157:H7 in ruminal batch cultures was not evident.

Jin, L., Wang, Y., Iwaasa, A. D., Xu, Z., Schellenberg, M. P., Zhang, Y. G. and McAllister, T. A. 2013. Short Communication: Effect of condensed tannin on in vitro ruminal fermentation of purple prairie clover ( Dalea purpurea Vent)–cool- season grass mixture. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 93: 155–158. Four purple prairie clover [Dalea purpurea Vent (PPC)]–/grass mixtures containing 7.3, 14.0, 29.3 and 42.1 g kg−1dry matter (DM) of condensed tannin (CT) were incubated with rumen fluid. As the CT increased, in vitro true dry matter disappearance (IVTDMD), production of volatile fatty acids (VFA) and microbial protein synthesis were linearly increased (P<0.05) at 12 h, and IVTDMD and VFA were quadratically increased (P<0.01) at 48-h incubation. Molar proportion of acetate was linearly increased (P<0.01) but propionate and butyrate were decreased (P<0.05) at both 12 and 48-h incubation. Incorporation of PPC into cool-season grass pasture up to CT content of 42 g kg−1DM improved ruminal fermentability and microbial protein synthesis in mixed forages.

Yang, W. Z., Oba, M., Swift, M. L. and McAllister, T. A. 2014. Short Communication: Variation in response to processing, in vitro gas production and fermentation of western Canadian feed barley. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 94: 725–729. Sixty feed barley samples were collected from various locations in western Canada. Samples were either ground (1 mm) or dry-rolled to a processing index of 80%, and fermentability was assessed by measuring gas production (GP) and dry matter disappearances (DMD) at 0, 4, 8, 14 and 24 h of incubation using a batch culture technique. Physical and chemical composition, and GP and DMD varied substantially among samples. There were significant correlations among test weight and nutrient content of barley with GP and DMD of ground barley. The results indicate that the impact of nutrient content on in vitro DMD is more easily detected with ground than rolled barley.

Mapiye, C., Dugan, M. E. R., Turner, T. D., Rolland, D. C., Basarab, J. A., Baron, V. S., McAllister, T. A., Block, H. C., Uttaro, B. and Aalhus, J. L. 2013. Short Communication: Erythrocytes assayed early ante mortem can predict adipose tissue and muscle trans-18:1 isomeric profiles of steers fed red clover silage supplemented with flaxseed. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 93: 149–153. Steers were fed a red clover silage-based diet with or without flaxseed to evaluate over time the effects of flaxseed supplementation on erythrocytes (ERC) trans(t)18:1 isomers composition and their relationships to adipose tissue and muscle t18:1 profiles at slaughter. Concentrations of most ERC t18:1 isomers in steers fed flaxseed increased (P<0.01) markedly in the first 2 mo and increased gradually thereafter. Strong (P<0.01) correlations of t9-, t10- and t11-18:1 isomers were observed from month 2 to 6 between ERC and beef tissues collected at slaughter from steers fed flaxseed. Findings suggest that ERC sampled as early as 2 mo into the feeding period can be indicative of variation in beef t18:1 isomeric profile at a later slaughter date when feeding red clover silage with flaxseed.

Ding, S., Oba, M., Swift, M. L., Edney, M., O'Donovan, J. T., McAllister, T. A. and Yang, W. Z. 2015. Short Communication: The effect of seed hardness and malting characteristics on in situ dry matter digestibility of barley grain in beef heifers. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 299–303. An in situ study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between ruminal dry matter digestibility (DMD) and seed hardness or malting characteristics of barley grain. Samples were selected for low and high values of seed hardness index (53 vs. 65; N = 18), beta-glucan content in wort (122 vs. 316 ppm; N = 18), diastatic power (146 vs. 203°L; N = 18), and friability (46 vs. 81%; N = 18) in malt, and incubated in the rumen of three beef heifers for 4, 12 and 48 h. In situ DMD did not vary with beta-glucan concentration or friability. However, barley grain with low seed hardness had lower (P = 0.02) in situ DMD than those with high seed hardness after 4 h of incubation. The barley samples with low diastatic power also had (P = 0.02) higher DMD than with high diastatic power after 4 h, a trend (P = 0.07) that continued after 12 h of incubation. Seed hardness and malting characteristics may have the potential to predict DMD of barley grain in the rumen. However, observed differences in in situ DMD were relatively minor, and we did not detect a relationship between malting characteristics and in situ DMD at longer incubation times. This suggests that the identified grain physical and malt parameters may impact the rate, but not the extent of barley grain digestion in the rumen.

The research aims at the role of market orientation, learning orientation, strategic agility, strategic planning, and customer relationships, with innovation as a mediating variable. This research method is descriptive quantitative. The data in this study will be tested with several stages of testing, namely descriptive statistical tests, data quality tests, model evaluation tests, varience inflation factor tests, and hypothesis testing. The results showed that a) market orientation towards innovation had a statistical T value of 0.092<1.96 and a P value of 0.927>0.05; b) learning orientation towards innovation has a T statistic value of 4.228> 1.96 and a P value of 0.000 <0.05; c) strategic agility towards innovation has a statistical T value of 1.328<1.96 and a P value of 0.167>0.05; d) strategic planning for innovation has a statistical T value of 1.740<1.96 and a P value of 0.460>0.05; e) customer relationship to innovation has a T statistic value of 8.315> 1.96 and a P value of 0.000 <0.05; f) innovation on firm performance has a T statistic value of 8.315> 1.96 and a P value of 0.000 <0.05; g) market orientation towards firm performance has a statistical T value of 0.090<1.96 and a P value of 0.929>0.05; h) learning orientation towards firm performance has a statistical T value of 3.861> 1.96 and a P value of 0.000 <0.05; i) strategic agility on firm performance has a statistical T value of 1.454<1.96 and a P value of 0.147>0.05; j) strategic planning for firm performance has a statistical T value of 0.784<1.96 and a P value of 0.455>0.05; k) customer relationship to firm performance has a T statistic value of 5.791> 1.96 and a P value of 0.000 <0.05. In conclusion, learning orientation and customer relationship have a significant positive effect on innovation. Meanwhile, market orientation, strategic agility, and strategic planning do not have a significant positive effect on innovation. Innovation has a significant positive effect on firm performance. Learning orientation and customer relationship have a significant positive effect on firm performance. Meanwhile, market orientation, strategic agility, and strategic planning do not have a significant positive effect on firm performance. Keywords: Firm Performance, Innovation, Learning Orientation, Market Orientation Strategic Agility, Strategic Planning Customer Relations

Berard, N. C., Wang, Y., Wittenberg, K. M., Krause, D. O., Coulman, B. E., McAllister, T. A. and Ominski, K. H. 2011. Condensed tannin concentrations found in vegetative and mature forage legumes grown in western Canada. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 669–675. There has been limited effort to examine condensed tannin (CT) concentrations of forage legume species grown in western Canada. Using the butanol-HCl technique, extractable CT concentrations were measured in Trifolium hybridum L., T. ambiguum M. Bieb, T. pratense L., T. repens L., Dalea purpurea Vent., Onobrychis viciifolia Scop., Lotus corniculatus L., Medicago sativa L., and Astragalus cicer L. collected from research and variety trial plots across the Canadian prairies. Above ground plant biomass was harvested at the vegetative and mature physiological stages for two growing seasons. Dalea purpurea, a native legume, had the highest mean CT concentration of 68.6±22.6 g kg−1 DM, with minimum and maximum values ranging from 37.9 to 92.9 g kg−1 DM. Onobrychis viciifolia had the second highest mean CT concentration (46.0 g kg−1 DM) with a range of 16.3 to 94.4 g kg−1 DM. The third highest mean CT concentration of 15.1 g kg−1 DM was found in L. corniculatus with a range of 0.0 to 25.7 g kg−1 DM. Forage biomass had higher CT concentrations (P<0.05) when harvested at the mature stage for all species except O. viciifolia, which had higher CT concentrations in the vegetative state. The potential benefit of inclusion of these species in ruminant diets at the observed concentrations requires further exploration.

Rasmussen, J., Gilroyed, B. H., Reuter, T., Badea, A., Eudes, F., Graf, R., Laroche, A., Kav, N. N. V. and McAllister, T. A. 2014. Efficiency of protein as a nitrogen source for wheat and morphological changes in roots exposed to high protein concentrations. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 603–613. Proteins of animal origin can enter the environment through application of agricultural by-products to arable or pastured land. In this study, wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. AC Andrew) was exposed to treatments with nitrogen (N) supplied as animal protein (bovine serum albumin; BSA), inorganic N or a combination of these sources at different iso-nitrogenous concentrations. Plant growth was assessed by monitoring both wet and dry mass of shoots and data showed that protein treatments did not differ (P>0.05) from controls lacking N. Analysis of N also showed that plants supplied with protein N displayed lower N (1.2–2.4%) concentration as compared with those supplied with inorganic N (up to 12.4%) with N remaining <2.4% even when the supply of protein was increased. Root morphology was altered in plants exposed to protein N concentrations >71 mM, with the development of knob-like outgrowths with unknown function or significance. This study provides evidence that wheat plantlets grown under sterile conditions are unable to utilize BSA as efficiently as NH4NO3 as a N source, but their roots exhibit a morphological response to protein.

Abstract Effective tumor immune responses rely on trafficking of rare tumor-specific T cells to tumor-draining lymph nodes (TdLN) where they undergo activation and expansion, and subsequently to tumor tissues to gain access to neoplastic targets. Here, we evaluated the trafficking of naïve CD8 T cells to TdLN. Lymphocyte entry into TdLN was diminished by ~50% in mice bearing B16 melanoma, suggesting a localized mechanism of immune escape. Intravital microscopy revealed that while normal proportions of lymphocytes initiated tethering and rolling in high endothelial venules (HEV) of TdLN (34%), the fraction of lymphocytes that transitioned from rolling to firm arrest was reduced compared to unchallenged lymph nodes (8 and 20%, respectively). Diminished trafficking in TdLN was attributed to suboptimal presentation of the CCL21 chemokine in HEV. We further determined that inflammatory cues triggered by systemic thermal therapy (STT, 39.5 ± 0.5°C, 6 h) could restore normal T cell entry in TdLN, paralleling our previous findings in non-tumor-challenged mice. Improved homing was due to a reduction in rolling velocity and an increase in proportion of T cells undergoing firm arrest. STT was further shown to enhance the display of trafficking molecules required for firm arrest, i.e., CCL21 and ICAM-1 in HEV. These findings suggest that therapeutic targeting of HEVs for improved entry of naïve T cells in TdLN may be a novel strategy to overcome immune evasion.

Firm diversification is the level of development a firm undertakes both through the number of firms it manages and the level of its business segments (at least two business segments). Based on agency theory, companies with multi-segments are suspected of placing too large investment in their line of business with low investment opportunities. Meanwhile, according to market power theory, only conglomerate companies are able to diversify well. Previous research stated that even if conglomerate companies diversify, it may lead to firm performance’s loss. This study aims to determine the influence of diversification level, investment opportunities, firm size, leverage, and number of segments on the firm performance of manufacturing companies. The conclusion of this study shows that there is insufficient evidence that diversification level and number of segments has a negative influence on company performance. Also, there is insufficient evidence that leverage has a positive influence on company performance. Meanwhile, there is sufficient evidence that investment opportunities and firm size have a positive influence on firm performance. Keywords: Firm Performance, Diversification Level, Investment Opportunity, Company Size, Leverage, Number of Segments. References: Amyulianthy, R., & Sari, N. (2013). Pengaruh diversifikasi terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Binus Business Review, 4(1), 215–230. Aprilia, W., Rodhiyah, & Widiartanto. (2015). Analisis pengaruh kinerja keuangan perusahaan terhadap return saham perusahaan sektor jasa transportasi yang terdaftar di bursa efek Indonesia. Winindya Aprilia Jurusan Administrasi Bisnis , Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Jl . Prof . H Sudharto , SH . Tem. 1(1), 155. Berger, P. G., & Ofek, E. (1995). Diversification’s effect on firm value. Journal of Financial Economics, 37(1), 39–65. Bowerman, B. (2016). Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Company, P., Jensen, C., & Meckling, H. (1976). Theory of the firm : managerial behavior , agency costs and ownership structure 1 . Introduction and summary In this paper WC draw on recent progress in the theory of ( 1 ) property rights , firm . In addition to tying together elements of the theory of e. 3, 305–360. Delinalie Chandra, Y. T. (2015). Pengaruh level diversifikasi, leverage, return on asset, umur perusahaan, dan sektor industri terhadap nilai perusahaan yang terdaftar di bei periode 2009–2011. Jurnal Akuntansi, 4(1). Harto, P. (2005). Kebijakan diversifikasi perusahaan dan pengaruhnya Terhadap kinerja: studi empiris pada Perusahaan publik di indonesia. Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305–360. Kurniasari, S. E., & Tahun, E. T. (2014). Pengaruh Diversifikasi Usaha terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan yang Dimoderasi oleh Kepemilikan Manajerial. Universitas Dian Nuswantoro Jurnal, 1–9. Lucyanda, J., & Wardhani, R. H. K. (2017). Pengaruh diversifikasi dan karakteristik perusahaan terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Media Riset Akuntansi, 4(2), Hal-1. Salindeho, A. O., Saerang, I. S., & Maramis, J. B. (2018). Pengaruh Diversifikasi Usaha Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Dan Return Saham Study Kasus Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Automotive and Effect of Business Diversification of Financial Performance and Return Stock Case Stock in Automotive and Component Manufacturing. Jurnal EMBA, 6(3), 1078–1087. Setionoputri, A., Meiden, C., & Siagian, D. (2009). Pengaruh Diversifikasi Korporat Terhadap Excess value Perusahaan Manufaktur, Perdagangan Grosir dan Eceran, serta Properti dan Real Estat yang Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2005-2007. Bidang Akuntansi Private: Akuntansi Keuangan Dan Pasar Modal (AKPM), 1–25. Spence, M. (2002). Signaling in retrospect and the informational structure of markets. American Economic Review, 92(3), 434–459. Sucipto, D. (2003). Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan. Jurnal Akuntansi: Universitas Sumatera Utara. Sumendap, R., Tommy, P., & Maramis, J. B. (2018). Analisis Perbandingan Kinerja Keuangan Berdasarkan Diversifikasi Segmen Bisnis Pada Industri Manufaktur Yang Go Public Comparative Analysis of Financial Performance Based on Diversification of Business Segments in Manufacturing Industry That Go Public. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 6(4), 2198–2207.

Abstract Although Edith Penrose’s book entitled The Theory of the Growth of the Finn was pub lished about 20 years after Ronald Coase’s famous article on The Nature of the Finn, these two authors share the same object of study, namely the ‘real-world’ firm, and both emphasise the disadvantages arising from the lack of a genuine economic theory of the firm. Nevertheless they ignored each other for a long time, and it is only recently that a minor connection between them has appeared. In the new preface of the third edition of her book, Penrose (1995) recalls the publication of Coase’s article without any comment. In the same way, Coase (1988) only quotes Martin Slater’s foreword to the second edition of Penrose’s book.

Abstract Peter Dennis N[itchell was born on 29 September 192() in a two-story semi-detached house at H) Rustic Avenue in the middle-class London suburb of Mitcham, Surrey. His fother, Christopher Gibbs Mitchell, was 31 and his mother, Kate Beatrice Dorothy (nee Taplin) Mitchell, was 27. They had married in 1914 just before World War l broke out An older son, Christopher John (Bill) Mitchell, was born in 1916.The Mitchell family was from DorSE&gt;t, but it is not dear how many generations may have lived there or what occupation they followed. Family lore was that they were descended from seventeenth-century French Huguenot immigrants named Nfichelle and the name had beenanglicized to Mitchell. Although some of the family suspect that a few of their ancestors were engaged in smuggling,l Peter Mitchell liked to think that at least some of his forebears had been pirates in the English Channel.2 What is certain is that Peter Mitchell’s grandfather, Christopher Mitchell, was trained as a stone mason but rose to be manager of a quarry in Portland, the Portland Stone Works. Christopher Mitchell was ambitious and an able businessman whose investments included the firm Minimax, which made fire extinguishers and of which he later became director. Probably in the 188ns he moved to Peckham, London, and became a clerk of works employed by the London County Council. His quMrying expertise led to his forming a pMtnership with Matthew Ascot Rowe, who had made his fortune in the United States. The firm Rowe and Mitchell brought granite from quarries in Alderney to London to make road surfacing for the various London boroughs. Christopher Mitchell married Margaret Way of Weymouth and had two sons, Christopher Gibbs Mitchell, born in 1889, and Godfrey Way Mitchell, born in 1891.