Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Systemic functional grammar'
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Tong, Wun-sing, and 唐煥星. "The application of systemic functional grammar in Chinesepractical compositions." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31963225.
Full textZappavigna, Michele. "Eliciting Tacit Knowledge with a Grammar-targeted Interview Method." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1909.
Full textZhang, Dongbing. "Negotiating Interpersonal Meaning in Khorchin Mongolian: Discourse and Grammar." Thesis, University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/22835.
Full textPatpong, Pattama. "A systemic functional interpretation of Thai grammar an exploration of Thai narrative discourse /." Phd thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/23285.
Full textBibliography: p. 742-762.
Systemic functional linguistics as a framework for description -- An overview of the grammar of Thai -- Textual clause grammar: the system of THEME -- Interpersonal clause grammar: the system of MOOD -- Experiential grammar at clause rank: the system of TRANSITIVITY -- Thai narrative register: context, semantics and lexicogrammatical profiles -- Conclusions.
This research is a text-based study of the grammar of standard Thai, based on systemic functional linguistics. It is the first attempt to explore Thai in systemic functional terms, that is with the account of the grammar of Thai being interpreted as resource for making meaning that is part of language as a higher-order semiotic system. This account utilizes a corpus-based methodology and explores extensive evidence from natural narrative texts, specifically fourteen Thai folk tales. This systemic functional interpretation of Thai is also supported by an investigation of other text types (See Chapter 2). The research has both intermediate and long term implications. The description itself will be a resource for the Thai community and it will also contribute to the growing area of linguistic typology based on systemic descriptions. The long term implication of the research is that the description will be used as a model for text-based research into minority languages in Thailand. -- There are two introductory chapters to the study. The first chapter discusses some general issues concerned with systemic functional theory and data used in the development of the description of the grammar of Thai. The second chapter is a preview chapter which provides an overview of the grammar of Thai in terms of three strands of meaning: textual, interpersonal, and the experiential mode of ideational meanings. The systemic functional interpretation is based on an exploration of a number of texts with a wide generic spread (e.g. news reports, topographic texts, encyclopedia, and television interview). -- Chapter 3 to Chapter 7 constitute the main body of the thesis. Chapter 3 deals with the textual metafunction: it explores the THEME system as the enabling resource for the clause grammar for presenting interpersonal and experiential meanings as a flow of information in context. Chapter 4 is concerned with the interpersonal metafunction. It is focused on exploring the MOOD system, that is, the resource of clause grammar for enacting social roles and relationships in an exchange. Chapter 5 is concerned with the experiential mode of the ideational metafunction: it investigates the TRANSITIVITY system, which is the resource of the clause grammar for construing our experience of the world around and inside us. As this thesis is based mainly on narrative discourse, Chapter 6 profiles Thai narratives in terms of context, semantics, and lexicogrammar. Firstly, at the context stratum, the chapter describes the generic structure potential of Thai folk tales. Secondly, the chapter describes the realization of this generic structure by semantic properties. Finally, the chapter is concerned with quantitatively exploring the narratives on the basis of clause-rank systems, at the stratum of lexicogrammar, across the metafunctional spectrum midway up the cline of instantiation. In the final chapter, the study concludes by summarizing the preceding chapters, pointing out research implications and limitations, and suggesting some areas for further studies.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
xxxv, 762 ill. +
Sano, Motoki. "A linguistic exploration of persuasion in written Japanese discourse a systemic functional interpretation /." Access electronically, 2006. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/21.
Full textLeung, Ho Sze Louisa. "A functional analysis of the language of film reviews." HKBU Institutional Repository, 1998. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/107.
Full textGray, James Wesley. "Task-Based English Grammar Instruction: A Focus on Meaning." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/253376.
Full text0048
新制・課程博士
博士(人間・環境学)
甲第22540号
人博第943号
新制||人||224(附属図書館)
2019||人博||943(吉田南総合図書館)
京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科共生人間学専攻
(主査)准教授 高橋 幸, 教授 谷口 一美, 教授 STEWART Timothy William, 准教授 笹尾 洋介, 教授 田地野 彰
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Baker, Elizabeth J. "An inquiry into the development of critical text creators: Teaching grammar in the primary years." Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/411535.
Full textThesis (Masters)
Master of Education and Professional Studies Research (MEdProfStRes)
School Educ & Professional St
Arts, Education and Law
Full Text
McAndrew, Paula. "Investigating casual conversation: a systemic functional linguistic and social network model of analysing social reality." Australia : Macquarie University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/44619.
Full textThesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Division of Linguistics and Psychology, Dept. of Linguistics, 2002.
Bibliography: p. 285-291.
Introduction -- Language from a systemic functional perspective -- Social networks: a review of literature relevant to the Scotland Island study -- Methodology -- Analysing relational ties: a social network perspective -- A systemic functional approach to analysing social reality -- Discussion and conclusion.
This research is concerned with the study of language and the social order. Working within the systemic functional theory of language, and utilising the concept of a social network to model the social order, the primary aim is to put on display the relationship between the linguistic system and social order, between language and culture. Systemic functional grammar (Halliday, 1995; Halliday and Hasasn, 1985/9; Halliday and Matthiesen, 1997; Eggins and Slade 1997), with its emphasis on language as a social semiotic, is used to analyse the language used by a group of four women engaged in casual conversation in a small Australian island community. Here the analysis reveals how the women negotiate their social reality when speaking to each other. It shows how their social relations are shaped within a text (Hasan, 1996), and explores the notion that, despite the seemingly trivial, unconscious nature of casual interactions, power and solidarity are continually being negotiated by the participants (Halliday, 1994; Eggins and Slade, 1997). More specifically, this research examines the notion that through lexico-grammatical and semantic selections participants are able to negotiate dominant positions in interaction. Social Network analysis has been used to examine the relationship between the individual and the group. It offers a quantifiable analytical tool for describing the character of an individual's everyday social relationships (Milroy, 1987). A social network analysis is used in the present study to map the social relationships in the tight-knit network, or speech fellowship, of these women (creating a map of the context of situation in SFL terminology). Change in the social relationships and language choices is modeled by revisiting the participants 15 months later in a contextually similar environment and re-analysing the network and linguistic options. Systemic functional linguistics is then used to highlight the interdependency of language and social order. Through systematic accounts of language and the context in which it is embedded this reciprocal nature is displayed and language and social order can be seen, not as two distinct entities, but rather as one phenomena seen from two different perspectives (Halliday, 1978; Mathiessen, 1993).
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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Wong, Lai-wing. "The application of systemic functional linguistics to the teaching of evaluative writing at matriculation level Xi tong gong neng yu yan xue zai yu ke ping lun xie zuo jiao xue de ying yong /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37609531.
Full textHo, Miu-chun Michelle. "The application of systemic functional linguistics to teaching individual brief narrative speaking to junior secondary students Xi tong gong neng yu yan xue zai chu zhong ji shi duan jiang jiao xue de ying yong /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37520350.
Full textHo, Miu-chun Michelle, and 賀妙珍. "The application of systemic functional linguistics to teaching individual brief narrative speaking to junior secondarystudents =." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37520350.
Full textWong, Lai-wing, and 王麗榮. "The application of systemic functional linguistics to theteaching of evaluative writing at matriculation level =." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37609531.
Full textTeixeira, Carlos Honorato. "A experiência executiva da liderança pela interpretação do significado: uma tipologia baseada na gramática sistêmico-funcional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-11072012-160119/.
Full textThe economic and social context of this new millennium has been impacted by the marketing globalization, emergence of new powers, social conflicts, challenges in sustainability and one of the deepest crises of financial capitalism in the Western Hemisphere in many years. It all suggests the lack and needing for new leadership to lead countries and organizations for these turbulent environments. In this context, this study seeks to advance the leadership studies frontier, combining the latest approaches and discussions in leadership\'s field, discussing the expression and manifestation of meaning by executives in their own careers. We apply the approach of systemicfunctional grammar to study executive\'s autobiographical essays, as a tool to construing the experience through meaning. Students from eight classes from a graduate course - Executive MBA - wrote their own autobiographical essays and by construing the expression of meaning in their careers, we analyzed the frequency of verbal processes. Based on that information, on the expression of the meaning, and sorting all verbs used in four categories, two by two, taken-for-granted or agentic; and transactional or transformational traits, we propose a new typology of leadership characteristics relating to the meaning expressed.
Tong, Wun-sing. "The application of systemic functional grammar in Chinese practical compositions : the teaching of news reporting = Xi tong gong neng yu yan xue zai shi yong wen jiao xue shang de ying yong yan jiu - yi xin wen gao xie zuo jiao xue wei li /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25755559.
Full textFinch, Mary. "Adolescent writing development: Improving succinctness using the extended noun phrase." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/90736/4/Mary_Finch_Thesis.pdf.
Full textWalker, Anthony William. "Language Diversity and Classroom Dialogue : Negotiation of Meaning by Students in an Internationalised Postgraduate Classroom." Thesis, Griffith University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367748.
Full textThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Education and Professional Studies
Arts, Education and Law
Full Text
Plum, Guenter Arnold. "Text and Contextual Conditioning in Spoken English: A genre approach." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/608.
Full textPlum, Guenter Arnold. "Text and Contextual Conditioning in Spoken English: A genre approach." University of Sydney. Linguistics, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/608.
Full textWee, Constance Wei-Ling Languages & Linguistics Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences UNSW. "Mobilising action through management email texts: the negotiation of evaluative stance through choices in discourse and grammar." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Languages & Linguistics, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43514.
Full textMokhathi-Mbhele, Masechaba Mahloli M. L. "Independent clause Sesotho personal names as texts in context: a systemic functional linguistics approach." Thesis, University of Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3348.
Full textThis study sought to examine independent clause Sesotho personal names as authentic social discourse using the Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) theory. It sought to analyze their structure and map them to social functions to demonstrate that they are enacted messages in socio-cultural context of Basotho. It used a form-meaning approach to interpret Sesotho names in socio-cultural contexts of use (cf. Halliday 1994, 2001, Eggins, 1996, 2004 and Martin & Rose 2007) as an alternative to the current formalist approach to onomastica interpretation. The SFL analysis was compared and contrasted mainly with the formalist syntactic specific and semantic specific analyses currently in use by Guma, Sesotho Academy and subsequent authors of Sesotho grammar and other linguists. The purpose of displaying these names as texts in social context enfolded the intent to reflect a systemic interface of lexico-grammar and social activity. The study used the clause-text-culture paradigm to explore Sesotho names as texts or semantic units. The idea was to access their ‘meanings beyond the clause’ (Martin & Rose 2007). Data was collected from national examinations pass lists, admission and employment roll lists from Public, Private, Tertiary, Orphanage institutions. Other data was identified in Telephone directories and Media. The purely linguistic lexico-grammatic analysis of the structure of names was supplemented by interview data from real interpretations from families, owners and senior citizens who have social and cultural knowledge of the meanings of some names. The study has established that Sesotho personal names can present as an independent clause feature. Sesotho personal names can also be described as lexico-grammatical properties and are meaningful in social contexts. They are used to exchange information as statements, demands and commands, and as questions and as exclamations. This means that these names can be categorized according to Halliday’s Mood types which make them function as declaratives, imperatives, interrogatives and exclamatives depending on the awarder’s evaluation. The study also finds that in negotiating attitudes, modality is highly incorporated. The study concludes that Sesotho names conform to the logical structures of the nominal group and the verbal group and these groups reciprocate in use. The verbal group is the core constituent in these names and it serves as a foundation for the nominal and verbal groups particularly because they function as reciprocating propositions. This includes the names with the sub-modification features. This extends the formalist description of Sesotho independent clause in that the identified sub-modifications which are opague and taken for granted by formalist analysts of Sesotho, are explicated as essential elements embedded in the formmeaning relation in SFL. The main contribution is that this is the only study on SFL and onomastica. There is no study that has been conducted using SFL to describe African names. It presents that Sesotho personal names are texts that have been negotiated in socio-cultural contexts. It provides a major departure from most studies that have used the Chomskian formulations or other sociolinguistic theories to describe the naming systems. It displays the art and importance of language use based on experience and culture in the naming system. The study also contributes to fields such as education, history, and others. Lastly, the study has established a new relation of onomastica and SFL theory and onomastica can now be added to the areas “being recognized as providing a very useful descriptive and interpretive framework for viewing language as a strategic, meaning-making resource.” (Eggins 1996:1).
Poulsen, Christine. "Gender in secondary students' creative writing: Changes in representation over time." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/118187/2/Christine%20Poulsen%20Thesis.pdf.
Full textMohammed, Tawffeek Abdou Saeed. "A taxonomy of problems in arabic-english Translation: a systemic functional Linguistics approach Tawffeek abdou." University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4103.
Full textWorking with Arab students pursuing a degree in English Language and Translation at the Taiz University, Republic of Yemen, has brought to the researcher‟s attention a number of errors or problems encountered in Arabic to English translation. This study aims to investigate the problems encountered by student translators (STs), novice translators (NTs) as well as more experienced translators (Ts) while translating from Arabic into English. The study starts with the assumption that Arabic and English belong to different families of languages and thus there is rarely a word-for-word equivalence in both languages. The present study is cross-sectional in nature. It is based on empirical data collected from several categories of translators. In other words, the data was collected from fourth-year students in the department of English and Translation in the Faculty of Arts, Taiz University, as well as five NTs who have previously graduated from this department and are currently working in a number of accredited translation offices in Taiz. The study also investigates the challenges faced by Ts. For this purpose, a novel, a tourist brochure, an editorial, and three academic abstracts all translated by established publishing houses and translation centres in and outside Yemen are examined. These texts are analyzed to determine to what extent the problems faced by STs and NTs reoccur in published translations produced by Ts. For its conceptual framework, the study adopts an eclectic approach that does not stick rigidly to a particular paradigm but rather draws upon multiple linguistic and translation theories. However, it is mainly based on Halliday‟s Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) and the problems have been classified along his taxonomy of meaning metafunctions into ideational, interpersonal and textual. Extra-textual problems are also analyzed. Several SFG-based translation models such as Hatim and Mason‟s (1990) sociometic model, House‟s (1977, 1997) translation quality assessment model, Hervey et al. (1992) register analysis model and Baker‟s (1990) equivalence model are also employed in the study to help the researcher examine the problems encountered in Arabic-English translation within those four categories. In addition, Nord‟s functional model to translation which is based on Skopos theory is also taken into consideration although to a minimum extent. In addition to the analysis of translations produced by various categories of translators, the study uses several triangulation research tools such as questionnaire, Thinking Aloud Protocols (TAPs), retrospective interviews, and classroom observation. These tools are employed to assist the researcher to identify the possible causes for the problems the STs, NTs, and Ts experience from the perspective of the participants themselves. The current translation programme at Taiz University is also analyzed to determine to what extent it contributes to the poor performance of the student translators and would-be translators. The study concludes that STs, NTs and even Ts encounter several problems at the ideational, interpersonal and textual levels. They also encounter problems at the extra-textual stratum. The study attributes these problems to structural and cultural differences between the two languages, the reliance on the dictionary rather than the meaning in use of lexical items, the differences in the cohesion and coherence systems of Arabic and English, the negligence of the role of context in translation as well as unfamiliarity with text-typologies and genre conventions. In other words, participants follow a bottom-up approach in translation and come close to the source text translating it literally. This approach is very damaging because it ignores the fact that the three metafunctions might be realized differently in the two languages. Furthermore, the study concludes that the manner in which translation is taught at Taiz University as well as the syllabus contribute mainly to the lack of translation competence of the student translators and would-be translators. The programme is inadequate and it needs urgent review and improvements. The present syllabus does not keep abreast with the latest theoretical and practical developments in the discipline of translation as well as neighbouring disciplines such as contrastive linguistics, text-analysis, discourse analysis, corpus linguistics and the like. As for methodology, the study concludes that it is the transmissionist (teacher-centred) teaching approach rather than the transformational (learner-centred) which is commonly used in teaching translation. As a result, the read-and-translate approach dominates the scene and no tasks, activities, or projects are given to the STs. The study provides some recommendations, which if implemented, can be useful in enabling Yemeni and Arab universities to improve the competence among student translators in order to improve translation teaching at academic level. A major contribution of this study is the description and classification of translation problems in Arabic-English translation on the basis of meaning systems. Unlike traditional descriptive error analysis, which is widely used to analyze the translation product, SFG-based text analysis provides a systematic description of translation problems which allows a precise articulation of the nature of problems that would otherwise be explained simply as translations which “sound unnatural or awkward” (Kim 2008; Yallop 1999). As far as the researcher knows, no study in the Arab world has yet tackled translation problems from this perspective. Other studies have tackled deviated forms produced by students or translators using an error analysis technique rather than a holistic approach based on solid theoretical knowledge. In other words, while most other studies focused on specific „errors‟ and error analysis and ended at that, the present study does not only looks at „errors‟ as „difference‟ (from contrastive analysis) but rather from several perspectives. It is also more comprehensive by triangulating several sources of data and pooling them together for a more informed understanding.
Arnold, Julie L. "Building linguistic subject knowledge for writing instruction: Teacher responses to professional learning." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/127244/1/Julie_Arnold_Thesis.pdf.
Full textPraxedes, Filho Pedro Henrique Lima. "A corpora-based study of the development of efl brazilian learners' interlanguage from simplification to complexification in the light of systemic-functional grammar." Florianópolis, SC, 2007. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/89636.
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O estudo propõe-se a analisar, através da gramática sistêmico-funcional, registros de uma IL português-brasileiro/inglês desenvolvida em sala de aula. A análise e discussão dos resultados objetivam a descrição preliminar do continuum simplificação-complexificação dessa IL segundo as dimensões sistêmica e funcional da GSF quanto à léxico-gramática de transitividade, modo e tema. Da descrição, fazem parte os seguintes aspectos: (a) os registros cujo assunto não é relacionado à sala de aula apresentam níveis mais baixos de complexificação funcional; (b) aqueles cujo assunto é relacionado à sala de aula pontuam mais alto; (c) não apenas o assunto, mas aspectos a ver com a interação e o meio são também responsáveis pela complexificação funcional; (d) os sujeitos passam por sete e oito níveis de proficiência dependendo do registro; (e) os estágios de IL se interpenetram; (f) a IL1 não apresenta fases protolingüísticas; (g) ela é caracterizada pela predominância dos sistemas de modo e as ILs 2 em diante apresentam mais sistemas de transitividade; (h) a IL dos sujeitos para de complexificar-se funcionalmente no nível moderado e (i) a fossilização sistêmica pode não existir. É levantada a hipótese pela qual as condições ótimas de aprendizagem para sua inexistência têm a ver com uma instrução na L2 por meio de um conteúdo comunicativo baseado em registros e sobre a L2 por meio da GSF.
Jansson, Pernilla. "Hard Muscle, Slim Body : A Systemic Functional Analysis of the Covers of Men’s and Women’s Fitness Magazines." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-113170.
Full textKindenberg, Björn. "Mellan fält och genre : En textanalys av hur ämneskunskaper beskrivs inom genrepedagogisk litteratur." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för språkdidaktik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-158989.
Full textBotha, Yolande Vanessa. "Specification in the English nominal group with reference to student writing / Yolande Vanessa Botha." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8242.
Full textThesis (PhD (Linguistics and Literary Theory))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012
Ko, Bo-Ai, and n/a. "Biliteracy in English and Korean: A Case Study of Writing Development during Primary Years." University of Canberra. n/a, 2008. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20081215.150126.
Full textTatu, Silviu. "The qatal//yiqtol (yiqtol//qatal) verbal sequence in Semitic couplets : a case study in systemic functional grammar with applications on the Hebrew Psalter and Ugaritic poetry /." Piscataway, N.J : Gorgias Press, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9781593339586.
Full textTatu, Silviu. "The qatal//yiqtol (yiqtol//qatal) verbal sequence in couplets in the Hebrew Psalter with special reference to Ugaritic poetry : a case study in systemic functional grammar." Thesis, Oxford Centre for Mission Studies, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430301.
Full textStenström, Evelina. "Gymnasievalet - en marknadsinriktad kamp om eleverna? : En kritisk diskursanalys av fyra gymnasieskolors webbtexter." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-21776.
Full textLundgren, Elin. "Kontexten och översättningen : En studie av kontextens inverkan vid översättandet av Vita Katherine till fornsvenska." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för språkstudier, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-185722.
Full textWibom, Linn. "“All Can Achieve Beauty” : A Diachronic Multimodal Text Analysis of Skin Care Advertisements 1920-2013." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-169823.
Full textMeyer, Heather. "Unilateral conversations the role of marked sentence initial elements in skilled senior secondary academic writing : a thesis submitted to Auckland University of Technology in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), 2009 /." AUT University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/831.
Full textOhlson, Jack. ""Det finns även personer som..." : En transitivitetsanalys av trans*personer i text." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-41074.
Full textYang, Dai Fei. "Improving Networked Learning in Higher Education: Language Functions and Design Patterns." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2465.
Full textYang, Dai Fei. "Improving Networked Learning in Higher Education: Language Functions and Design Patterns." University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2465.
Full textThe thesis of this study is that two seemingly disparate research disciplines can be coalesced to develop an effective pedagogical framework for educational design in the context of networked learning. That contention is grounded in, and inspired by, the rapid developments in educational technologies which have greatly changed the landscape in teaching and learning in higher education over the last decade. The study attempts to add to the corpus of contemporary learning theory which sees students not merely as passive recipients of knowledge, but as active participants in the learning process, having much greater control over their selection of technological learning tools, learning resources and learning methodologies. This is very much in line with the shift from the traditional focus on content design and knowledge transmission towards a more student-centred design for knowledge co-construction, a development which demands the type of new thinking about the design of learning tasks and learning resources contained in this study. Also set out are new lines of action for the fashioning of a collaborative learning environment, for community interaction and the sharing of knowledge, and for promoting good teaching and learning practice. The central argument of the study is that such pedagogical goals may be attained by juxtaposing the theories of Systemic Functional Linguistics (hereafter SFL) and pattern languages. These have not, thus far, been used in combination. SFL is a well established theory in the study of language, and is used in this thesis to help analyse and classify discourses produced and shared by teachers and students in networked learning. Pattern languages have their origin in architecture. Design patterns can be used as a means of representing and sharing important and specific empirical research results and design experiences. This new knowledge can be used to support and improve the quality of educational design. The study has two central components. The first uses the SFL theoretical framework to demonstrate how text is used as a key medium in networked learning. In other words, it is argued in this section that the quality of texts has a direct impact on the quality of learning and learning outcomes. The quality of text is assessed by means of a detailed discourse analysis of selected texts. This process involves deconstructing, identifying and capturing the linguistic resources and language strategies used in the texts. The detailed discourse analysis also illustrates and reveals how language is used in the construction of knowledge and the promotion of collaboration in teaching and learning. The second component centres on the argument that SFL provides valuable language knowledge which can be represented by using Alexander’s design patterns. New knowledge encoded in these design patterns can be used by teachers and designers as reusable and shared resources to help them improve their design work. The empirical research was carried out in three phases. The first involved a) the identification of text patterns of discourses used in networked learning based on detailed discourse analysis; b) Interviewing experienced academic staff to identify their perspectives on good online teaching practices and success factors. The second phase involved using the data which emerged from these interviews and discourse analysis to model illustrative patterns. (Here, illustrative means that due to the scope of the study, it is only possible to develop a limited number of patterns to illustrate the methods used for pattern development. It is not the intention to develop a full repository of design patterns in this study). In the third (validation) phase the patterns were reviewed by two groups of academic staff, with the aim of improving these patterns. Improved patterns were then tested on a group of educational design students for their usefulness and application. It is concluded from this research that it is possible to develop design patterns which ensure the best use of linguistic resources in both the teaching and learning process. Finally, it is argued that the combination of SFL and pattern languages provides a promising theoretical framework for the complex and demanding task of educational design. Future research could make use of such a framework to explore a fuller application of the pattern- based approach for the representation of new knowledge for educational design. Suggested additional research directions include finding new ways of capturing a new pedagogical approach to mobile learning and blended learning. Also, a promising direction could be the use of SFL Appraisal theory (Martin, 2000) for the investigation on how students construct interpersonal relationships (appraise peer work) in online joint projects. In the conclusion, it is contended that through its exploration of new ground in the use of SFL and pattern language theory in the construction of education design patterns, the study makes a significant contribution to knowledge in the field of networked learning.
Pinto, Eliana. "Ensinando e aprendendo inglês a partir de narrativas à luz da linguística sistêmico-funcional." Universidade de Taubaté, 2013. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=716.
Full textThis study aims at following the trajectory of an English teacher in a project in a state elementary school in a city of Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo, in conducting a teaching unit based on a fairy tale, in this case, `The Three Little Pigs. In this process the stories written by the students constitute the object of reflection and analysis for the teacher, who evaluates them in the light of learning opportunities built for students in the classroom. Participated in the project children aged 9 to 11, who wrote their own versions of The Three Little Pigs, in two different moments: the first version written in Portuguese in the first class, and a second version written in Portuguese and English in the 6th class (one before the last). These productions, as well as the story (in English) used in class, were analysed in the light of Systemic-Functional Grammar, as discussed by Halliday (1985/1994 and his followers), mainly by Christie (2005) and Gouveia (2008, 2009). The criteria for analysing stories involve the following categories: references (endophoric), theme and thematic progression, lexical density, the use of third person, systematic knowledge of the language in the production of narrative, experiential meanings involving the processes: mental, material, behavioral, existential, verbal, relational, and organizational stages of the narrative. The results reveal how the systemic features were identified and discussed in the literature in the stories analysed, and most of its fundamental stages and key elements for the text organization. Knowing these characteristics can help the decision of the foreign language teacher with reference not only as to what to teach, but also, and especially as to how to teach the content of the various programs of foreign language teaching in order to collaborate in developing learners written production.
Ringius, Victoria. "Facebook – en plats för en ilsken mobb med ett meddelande att sprida : en textanalytisk undersökning av hur ett företag bemöter negativ kritik på Facebook." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-18276.
Full textSchierbeck, Ella. ""Som person är du nyfiken, framåtlutad och tycker om att ha många kontakter" : En analys av genreförändring i platsannonser för kommunikatörer från 1997-2017." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Svenska, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-34771.
Full textFerm, Hanna. "Klimatförändring: Slumpmässig händelse eller konsekvens av aktiv handling? : En analys av transitivitet och ergativitet i läromedel inom geografiämnet." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Svenska, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-41756.
Full textVallezi, Nanci de Souza. "Ameaça em O Ateneu, de Raul Pompéia: um enfoque da gramática sistêmico-funcional." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13658.
Full textConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
The objective of this research is to evaluate the language of threat in the O Ateneu, by Raul Pompéia , from the standpoint of the Systemic Functional Grammar and its ramifications, covering Linguistics Criticism and Appraisal . The title focuses on the power relationship of Aristarco, representing the school, concerning the new student Sérgio. As I started studying some theoretical-methodology proposals of Systemic Functional Grammar, arose the curiosity to examine in the title which I already had examined from the literature point of view in my Coursework lexico-grammatical choices made by the author to emphasize the threat that involves the environment of the O Ateneu. The threat, socially defined as having strong ideological links with assessments of violence and control by the threatening, have, until recently, received little attention in academic circles. The theory states that, while there are violent ways of command linked to high levels of threat, mitigation and implicit forms are disguised or masked completely, creating an incomplete understanding of the genre. The critical analysis, relies on Systemic Functional Grammar, focusing on the system of Transitivity and Appraisal. The research aims to answer the questions: (a) which lexical- grammatical choices are made at the O Ateneu, to express a threat? (b) How can the Transitivity contribute to this expression? (c) How can the Appraisal contribute to this expression? The results show that the threat in O Ateneu, in general, happens implicitly, it means by attitude tokens, and they are perceptible to the reader due to its fit, which gives coherence to the text, and by performing the prosody throughout the narrative. In this process, Pompéia resorts to irony, that, according to critical discourse analysis, encourages readers to become aware and evaluate what would otherwise be accepted without question
O objetivo desta pesquisa é examinar a linguagem da ameaça, na obra O Ateneu, de Raul Pompéia, sob o enfoque da Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional e suas ramificações, que abrangem a Linguística Crítica e a Avaliatividade. A obra enfoca a relação de poder de Aristarco, representando a escola, em relação ao aluno novato, Sérgio. Ao entrar em contato com algumas propostas teórico-metodológicas da Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional, surgiu-me a curiosidade de examinar na obra - que já analisara do ponto de vista da literatura no meu trabalho de Conclusão de Curso - as escolhas léxico-gramaticais feitas pelo autor para imprimir o cunho da ameaça que envolve o ambiente de O Ateneu. A ameaça, sociamente definida como tendo fortes elos ideológicos com avaliações de violência e controle por parte do ameaçador, têm, até recentemente, recebido pouca atenção nos meios acadêmicos. A teoria afirma que, enquanto se têm ligado formas violentas de comando a altos níveis de ameaça, as formas mitigadoras e implícitas são disfarçadas ou completamente mascaradas, criando uma compreensão incompleta do gênero. A análise de cunho crítico, apoia-se na Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional, enfocando o sistema da Transitividade e da Avaliatividade. A pesquisa visa a responder às perguntas: (a) Que escolhas léxico-gramaticais são feitas em O Ateneu, para expressar uma ameaça? (b) De que modo pode a Transitividade contribuir nessa expressão? (c) De que modo pode a Avaliatividade contribuir nessa expressão? Os resultados mostram que a ameaça em O Ateneu acontece, em geral, de maneira implícita, ou seja, por tokens de Atitude, e são perceptíveis ao leitor devido ao seu enquadre, que atribui coerência ao texto, e por meio da realização prosódica construída ao longo da narrativa. Nesse processo, Pompéia recorre à ironia, que, segundo a análise do discurso crítica, encoraja os leitores a se conscientizarem e avaliarem o que seria, de outro modo, aceito sem questionamento
Nemeth, Ulrika. "Jakten på den godkända texten : Läspraktiker och internetanvändning på gymnasieskolan." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för språkdidaktik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-55499.
Full textPereira, Danielle Toledo. "Escolhas temáticas no discurso de guias de turismo e monitores de museus no Brasil e na Espanha." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2005. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13886.
Full textThis research, part of the DIRECT Project (LAEL/PUC-SP), aims at analyzing the characteristics of city tour and museum guides in two different sociocultural contexts: Brazil and Spain. In this way, it investigates the cultural context and the situational context of the corpora of this study. The theory focuses on Systemic Functional Grammar (Halliday, 1994). Although this grammar offers various elements that could also reveal characteristics in the discourse of these professionals, Theme was chosen because it makes possible the study of the organization of the message, the point of departure the speaker selects for grounding what he is going to say (Halliday (1994: 34). Besides, it is possible to compare how two different languages and cultures organize their message. This research has three goals: (1) to identify similarities and differences in the discourse of city tour and museum guides; (2) to identify similarities and differences in the discourse of Brazilian and Spanish city tour and museum guides; (3) to establish if there is one or two genres according to the general structure of the discourses and to Thematic options. Thus, this study is composed of 04 corpora: one of visits to two Brazilian museums; one of visits to two Spanish museums; one of two city tours in Brazil; one of two city tours in Spain. The visits were recorded in cassette tapes and transcribed. The theory about genre follows the ideas of Hasan (1989), Swales (1990), Bathia (1993), Fries (1995), Eggins & Martin (1997) and Ramm (2000). The Theme was studied through the ideas of Halliday (1994), Eggins (1994), Berry (1995), Thompson (1996), Barbara & Gouveia (2001) and Gouveia & Barbara (2001). Results show that city tour and museum guides organize their discourse in a very similar way and that there are some idiosyncratic differences, what is expected as the study deals with two sociocultural contexts
Esta pesquisa, parte do Projeto DIRECT (LAEL/PUC-SP), tem o objetivo de analisar as características do discurso de guias de turismo e monitores de museus em dois contextos sócio-culturais diferentes: Brasil e Espanha. Investiga-se, portanto, o contexto de cultura e o contexto de situação que envolvem os corpora aqui tratados. A base teórica do trabalho está na Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional (Halliday, 1994). Embora esta gramática ofereça vários elementos que também poderiam ressaltar características no discurso dos guias e monitores, escolheu-se o Tema por permitir que se estude a organização da mensagem, o ponto de partida que o produtor do texto, aqui o guia e o monitor, seleciona para embasar o que vai dizer. Além disso, é possível fazer uma comparação na forma como essa organização do discurso é feita em duas línguas e culturas diversas. A análise tem três objetivos: (1) identificar as semelhanças e diferenças do discurso de guias de turismo e monitores de museus; (2) identificar as semelhanças e diferenças do discurso de guias e monitores brasileiros e espanhóis; (3) estabelecer, através da análise da estrutura geral dos discursos e das escolhas Temáticas, se há um ou dois gêneros. Para tanto, a pesquisa está composta por 04 corpora: um de visitas realizadas a dois museus brasileiros; um de visitas realizadas a dois museus espanhóis; um de dois city tours realizados no Brasil; um de dois city tours realizados na Espanha. A coleta dos dados foi feita através de gravação das visitas em fita cassete e sua posterior transcrição. A teoria sobre gênero segue as idéias de Hasan (1989), Swales (1990), Bathia (1993), Fries (1995), Eggins & Martin (1997) e Ramm (2000), e a de Tema, Halliday (1994), Eggins (1994), Berry (1995), Thompson (1996), Barbara e Gouveia (2001) e Gouveia e Barbara (2001). Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que os guias e monitores organizam seu discurso de forma muito semelhante e que as diferenças entre o Brasil e a Espanha são poucas e idiossincráticas, já que são contextos sócio-culturais e línguas diferentes
Galloulckydio, Flavia Corrêa. "Estrutura temática do gênero reportagem na revista Veja e no jornal A Nova Democracia: o caso Santiago." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9456.
Full textThis research investigates the thematic choices of journalistic texts, specifically news, talking about the same event, but which are produced and published in different editorial lines. Our main goal with this study is to provide information so that paradigms still based on the dichotomy text and grammar at the basic school can be overcome, as well as to contribute to the promotion of a more critical and reflective teaching, so that students can socially act with autonomy. That is the reason why we have chosen as corpus two articles of ideologically antagonistic vehicles: the newspaper A Nova Democracia and Veja magazine. Considering that the context of culture and the context of situation are crucial to the language choices of the texts, we examine the thematic organization of the periods that make up the stories. The theoretical framework we have chosen is the systemic-functional grammar (SFG) of Halliday (1978; 1994; 2004), specifically focusing on the Theme function, which belongs to the Thematic Structure in Textual Metafunction, one of the levels of analysis of the SFG, which organizes the sentence as message and systematizes the ideational meanings. The specific objective of this study is therefore to analyze the extent to which ideological differences affect the thematic choices of texts. Having this goal in mind, we have dedicated ourselves to the analysis of Ideational Themes and their meanings because they are responsible for indicating the way how the authors prioritized information in the periods that make up and organize the messages contained in the texts. As a research method, we have noted and manually classified quantitative data. The results show that both texts have a high frequency of participant but semantically distinct Ideational Themes. As for processes and circumstances Ideational Themes, they show significant syntactic and semantic discrepancies, which reveal different representations of narrators facing the same event.
Paso, E. (Eija). "Työkyky merkitsee:työkyvyn merkityksen ja maailman rakentuminen lehtiteksteissä." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2007. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514283789.
Full textTiivistelmä Tutkimus käsittelee merkitysten rakentumista lehtiteksteissä. Tutkimus kohdistuu erityisesti sellaisten sanojen merkityksiin, joilla viitataan työkykyyn. Leksikaaliset valintojen lisäksi valotetaan diskursseja, jotka aktivoituvat aiheesta kirjoitettaessa. Kielitieteellinen lähestymistapa perustuu kriittiseen diskurssianalyysiin ja systeemis-funktionaaliseen kieliteoriaan. Tässä kehyksessä kieli nähdään resurssina, jolla tuotetaan merkityksiä. Lisäksi kiinnostus kohdistuu kielen, vallan ja sosiokulttuuristen käytänteiden suhteeseen. Tutkimusaineisto koostuu 126 tekstistä, jotka on julkaistu vuosina 1999 ja 2000 Helsingin Sanomissa, Suomen laajalevikkisimmässä sanomalehdessä. Analyysi käsittelee yleisesti työkykydiskursseja ja keskittyy lisäksi viiteen tapaustutkimukseen. Yleisimmin teksteissä aktivoituvat seuraavat diskurssit: 1) Asiantuntijuusdiskurssissa monet tekstit kytkevät työkyvyn valtaan ja tietoon, jota tarvitaan työkyvyn arvioinnissa. Lähteet, joilla on erikoistietoa, pääsevät säännöllisesti osallistumaan diskurssiin. 2) Työkyvyn alenemisdiskurssissa tavallisimpina aiheuttajina näyttäytyvät sairaus, ikä ja työhön liittyvät ongelmat. 3) Työkyvyn edistämisdiskurssissa keinoina mainitaan yleisimmin kuntoutus ja työkykyä ylläpitävä toiminta ja myös työnteon kehittäminen. 4) Työn diskurssissa aktivoituu puhe työasenteista. Työkyvyn maailmaan liitetään monia kielteisiä aspekteja, kuten työttömyys, syrjäytyminen, työuupumus ja työn nopea muuttuminen. 5) Eläkediskurssissa esillä ovat monet kiistanalaiset kysymykset siitä, kenellä on oikeus saada eläkettä, pitäisikö järjestelmää uudistaa ja miten ihmiset saataisiin pysymään pitempään työelämässä. Keskeisiä osanottajia näiden lehtitekstien maailmassa ovat asiantuntijat: tutkijat, konsultit, lääkärit ja muut terveydenhuollon ja kuntoutuksen ammattilaiset kuten myös poliitikot. Osallistujien suhteet perustuvat yleensä institutionaalisiin rooleihin ja asiantuntijan ja asiakkaan suhteeseen, esimerkiksi lääkäreiden ja potilaiden, työnantajien ja työntekijöiden sekä virkailijoiden ja asiakkaiden suhteeseen. Asiakkaat esitetään usein passiivisina institutionaalisen toiminnan kohteina tai toisinaan jopa toiminnan uhreina, joilla on vaikeuksia saada työtä, eläkettä tai muita tukia. Työkykydiskurssi näyttäytyy ristiriitaisten näkemysten taistelukenttänä. Kiistat kirjoittuvat teksteihin, joissa kiistellään esimerkiksi työkyvyn edistämisen perinteisistä keinoista (esim. lääkehoidosta, fyysisestä kuntoutuksesta, kuntoilusta) ja muista hyvinvoinnin kohentamisideoista (esim. uudistuksista työpaikalla, koulutuksesta). Valtataistelu näyttäytyy myös kiistoissa siitä, kuka on luotettavin päättämään, onko henkilö työkykyinen vai työkyvytön. Yhtäältä työkyky kytkeytyy terveyteen ja muihin yksilöllisiin ominaisuuksiin ja toisaalta työelämän nopeaan muuttumiseen. Työkyky-ilmauksille kirjoittuu monia merkityksiä. Työkyky on muuttuva olio, ja se kuuluu asiantuntijoiden tietoon. Se on institutionaalisen toiminnan kohde ja kehittämiskohde. Työkyky näyttäytyy asennekysymyksenä ja myös poliittisena ja taloudellisena kysymyksenä. Tutkimus tarjoaa näkemyksen siitä, miten yhteiskunnallisesti merkittävää ilmiötä voi lähestyä kielitieteen keinoin, ja osoittaa, miten mediatekstit ohjailevat tapoja puhua ajan ilmiöistä. Työkyvyn merkitys rakentuu kulttuurisessa ja sosiaalisessa kontekstissa, joka näyttäytyy tässä aineistossa erityisen suomalaisena. Diskurssi on jatkumoa aiempien vuosisatojen teksteille, ja se on yhä muuttuvaa. Työkyvyn rinnalla voidaankin puhua työhyvinvoinnista
Westin, Daniel. "Varsågod, här är din drömman! : Bilden av ideal manlighet i Veckorevyn: en ideationell analys och kritisk diskursanalys." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30341.
Full textSyftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka den ideala bilden av manlighet i det svenska kvinnomagasinet Veckorevyn. Vidare undersöks hur Veckorevyns egna kravställande policy överensstämmer med konstruktionen av den ideala bilden av manlighet. Det analyserade materialet innehållet tre texter från samma upplaga av Veckorevyn nummer 2, 2016. Två texter som explicit refererar till manlighet och en text som beskriver Veckorevyns egna feministiska policy. Veckorevyns feministiska policy handlar om tidningens arbete mot skeva könsroller och att förändra sexistiska attityder gentemot unga kvinnor. Uppsatsen bygger på ett socialkonstruktivistisk perspektiv i definitionen av genus och språk. Metoden bygger på Michael Hallidays sociala lingvistiska angreppssätt SFG, systemisk-funktionell grammatik, i analysen av textmaterialet samt Faircloughs kritiska diskursanalys. Resultatet av textanalysen indikerar att bilden av manlighet som presenteras i Veckorevyn är nära förknippat med stereotypa idéer av män som sexuellt självsäkra och självständiga. Det analyserade materialet innehåller en hög andel materiella och relationella processer, vilket konstruerar en konkret, fördefinierad och mindre förhandlingsbar bild gentemot läsaren. Den kritiska diskursanalysen visar en hög frekvens av olika diskurser som samexisterar i texterna kopplade till tidningens läsarideal av unga kvinnor: kommersiell/konsument-diskurser (t.ex. reklam), hälso- och förbättringsdiskurser and män-kvinno-diskurser. Alla diskurser är nära sammanlänkade med begär och konsumtion. Dessa begärs-diskurser misslyckas med att relatera till Veckorevyns egna kravställande feministiska policy. Policyn undermineras i det analyserade materialet då både män och kvinnor länkas till stereotypa drag av sexualitet och begär. Detta ligger även i linje med tidigare forskning av Anja Hirdman (2001:257). Resultaten av den kritiska diskursanalysen indikerar att diskurserna av Veckorevyns egna anti-sexism- och feministiska policy kolliderar med en stereotyp kommersiell- och konsumentbaserad begärsdiskurs. Dessa resultat relaterar även till tidigare forskning av Veckorevyn av Anja Hirdman (2001). Sammantaget bidrar dessa indikationer till att ge en bild av Veckorevyns textproduktion riktat mot ett läsarideal av unga kvinnor som komplex, motsägelsefull och multidiskursiv plattform av idéer och värderingar. I likhet med Litosseliti (2006:121), kan Veckorevyns egna feministiska policy, som en del av en postfeministisk diskurs, bidra till att producera nya former av sexism med anledning av Veckorevyns motstridiga och stereotypa diskurser.
Saparas, Marcelo. "Representações metafóricas em títulos de filmes americanos e suas traduções para o português: um enfoque sistêmico-funcional." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13597.
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This research deals with communication problems caused by cultural differences, especially what Tannen (1984 apud BYRNES, 1986) named 'conversational style'. Several studies show the importance of this factor, since it is not only a linguistic surface structure issue, but it also involves ingrained habits and customs of a linguistic community that wind up emerging within communication. The relationship between language and culture has been the object of extensive research, and it is now consensus that foreign language teachers should not only be concerned with the teaching of standard rules of grammar, but they should also encourage their students to become aware of the systematicity in such communication rules. In this context, considering that discourse is more of a development of a rhetorical argumentation than an expression of someone s thought, the conversational style can be understood as a tool used by speakers in such development or, in other words, in the interlocutor s persuasion. A fact that drew my attention was the frequent difference between titles of American movies and their translation into Portuguese, which I believed to be due to cultural issues. Therefore, in this context, involving rhetorical argumentation and persuasion resources, these titles could be considered metaphorical expressions that would culminate in the creation of some dominant metaphors. The objective of this research is to examine the construction of these dominant metaphors in the persuasive process of titles in Portuguese. To this end, it aims to answer the following research questions: a) What dominant metaphors do the titles in Portuguese suggest? b) What lexicogrammatical choices do the titles rely on? c) How is persuasion supported by the titles in both languages made? Methodologically, a(n) (Critical) Analysis of Discourse approach supplemented by methods of metaphor Analysis supported by Systemic Functional Grammar, a multi-functional theory (HALLIDAY, 1985), indicated by critical scholars of language as the most suitable one for this purpose (FOWLER, 1991; FAIRCLOUGH, 1992; CHARTERIS-BLACK, 2004)
Esta pesquisa trata de problemas de comunicação causados por diferenças culturais, em especial devidos ao que Tannen (1984 apud BYRNES, 1986) chamou de estilo conversacional . Várias pesquisas mostram a importância desse fator, já que ele não é meramente uma questão linguística de superfície, mas envolve em si arraigados usos e costumes de uma comunidade linguística, que acabam se externalizando na comunicação. A questão da relação entre língua e cultura tem sido objeto de muita pesquisa, e hoje é consenso de que professores de línguas não deveriam apenas se preocupar em ensinar as regras que explicam a norma gramatical de uma sentença, mas estimular seus alunos a tomarem consciência da sistematicidade das regras de comunicação. Nesse contexto, considerando que o discurso é muito mais um desenvolvimento de uma argumentação retórica, do que a expressão do pensamento de alguém, pode-se entender o estilo conversacional como sendo um instrumento utilizado pelos falantes nesse desenvolvimento ou, em outras palavras, na persuasão do interlocutor. Um fato que me chamou a atenção foi a frequente diferença entre os títulos de filmes americanos e sua tradução para o português, que pareceu-me ser devido a questões de natureza cultural. Portanto, nessa conjuntura, envolvendo argumentação retórica e recursos de persuasão, esses títulos sugerem ser expressões metafóricas que culminariam na criação de algumas metáforas dominantes. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa é examinar a construção dessas metáforas dominantes no processo persuasivo dos títulos em português. Para tanto, visa a responder às seguintes perguntas de pesquisa: (a) que metáforas dominantes sugerem os títulos em português? (b) de que escolhas léxico-gramaticais se valem os títulos americanos de filmes e sua respectiva tradução para o português? (c) como é feita a persuasão com apoio nos títulos nas duas línguas? Metodologicamente, uma abordagem de análise (crítica) do discurso e suplementada por métodos da análise da metáfora e tem o suporte da Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional, uma teoria multifuncional, de Halliday (1985), indicada por estudiosos críticos da linguagem como a mais adequada para esse fim (FOWLER, 1991; FAIRCLOUGH, 1992; CHARTERIS-BLACK, 2004)
Santos, Ana Lúcia dos. "Usos dos verbos ser e estar no português brasileiro: uma abordagem funcional." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2016. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19180.
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variation of uses of ser and estar verbs by brazilian speakers. It presupposes that the systemic units of a language acquire new functions when they are used in interpersonal relationships. The problem arises from the different functions acquired by these verbs that are not covered by systemic grammar rules of the portuguese language. The main goal of this paper is contribute with brazilian portuguese gramatical studies, and the specific goals are: 1. Describing the use of ser and estar verbs in the lexical dimension; 2. Verifying the uses of ser and estar verbs in the propositional dimension; 3. Finding the distinct functions updated in the pragmatic-discursive dimension, on resemantization and grammaticalization in the use of these verbs. The background of this research is that systemic and traditional grammar descriptions are not able to explain the variations of ser and estar in the brazilian portuguese actual use. This research is founded on moderate current of linguistic functionalism, according to Givón (1993), to whom language structure is not separated from its function. The adopted methodological procedure is qualitative, and the corpus was collected in both, writing and oral brazilian speakers uses. The analyses were carried out from the three dimensions proposed by Givón (1993) – lexical, propositional and pragmatic-discursive. The results indicate that, in the lexical dimension, the choice between ser or estar made in the vocabular content complies with lexical system; in the propositional dimension, these verbs partake of personal or impersonal sentences, as lexical verbs or by giving these sentences the notions of spatial location, companion, time, mode, equanimity, possession or quality; in the propositional dimension, duo to communicative purposes of language users, these verbs are grammaticalizated, becoming copula and auxiliary verbs, and ressemantizated, i. e., they acquire new meanings and functions that differ from those from vocabular content. It means that it is impossible to refer to pragmatic-discursive dimension without considering propositional and lexical dimensions. This research opens up new prospects of ser and estar studies given the variety of uses of these verbs
Esta dissertação está situada na área da gramática de língua portuguesa e trata da variação de uso dos verbos ser e estar por falantes brasileiros. Tem-se por pressuposto que as unidades sistêmicas de uma língua adquirem novas funções quando efetivamente usadas nas relações interpessoais. O problema tratado decorre das diferentes funções adquiridas por esses verbos que não são previstas pelas regras gramaticais sistêmicas da língua portuguesa. O objetivo desta pesquisa é contribuir com os estudos gramaticais do português brasileiro, e os objetivos específicos são: 1. Descrever o uso dos verbos ser e estar na dimensão lexical; 2. Verificar os usos dos verbos ser e estar na dimensão proposicional; 3. Buscar as diferentes funções atualizadas na dimensão pragmático-discursiva, relativas à ressemantização e à gramaticalização, no uso dos referidos verbos. Justifica-se a pesquisa realizada, pois as descrições sistêmicas e as da gramática tradicional relativas aos verbos ser e estar não dão conta das variações desses verbos no uso efetivo do português brasileiro. A pesquisa realizada está fundamentada na vertente moderada do funcionalismo linguístico, segundo Givón (1993), para quem a estrutura da língua não está desvinculada de sua função. O procedimento metodológico adotado é qualitativo, e o material de análise foi coletado tanto no uso escrito, quanto no uso oral de falantes brasileiros. As análises foram realizadas a partir das três dimensões propostas por Givón (1993) – lexical, proposicional e pragmático-discursiva. Os resultados obtidos indicam que, na dimensão lexical, a escolha entre ser ou estar é feita no conteúdo vocabular e atende ao que é previsto no sistema lexical; na dimensão proposicional, esses verbos participam de orações, pessoais ou impessoais, como plenos ou exprimindo, dentro das proposições, as noções de localização espacial, companhia, tempo, modo, equanimidade, posse ou qualidade; e, na dimensão pragmático-discursiva, em virtude das intenções comunicativas dos usuários da língua, esses verbos sofrem gramaticalizações, tornando-se copulativos ou auxiliares, e ressemantizações, ou seja, adquirem novos sentidos e funções que diferem dos previstos inicialmente no conteúdo vocabular. Desse modo, entende-se que é impossível se fazer menção à dimensão pragmático-discursiva, concernente ao discurso, sem considerar as dimensões proposicional e lexical. A pesquisa realizada abre novas perspectivas de investigação dos verbos ser e estar a partir da variedade de ocorrências desses verbos