Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Systèmes d'ordre fractionnaire'
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Bai, Jing. "Commande des Systèmes Multi-agent d'Ordre Fractionnaire." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECLI0019/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the distributed coordination of fractional-order multi-agent systems under fixed directed communication graph. Firstly, formation producing with absolute damping and communication delay of fractional-order multi-agent systems is studied. A control law is proposed and some sufficient conditions are derived for achieving formation producing. However, in some scenarios, it might be desirable that all agents achieve formation and move as a group, instead of rendezvous at a stationary point. Therefore, secondly, formation producing with relative damping and communication delay is considered. Thirdly, consensus tracking of fractional-order multi-agent systems with a time-varying reference state is studied. A common control law and a control law based on error predictor are proposed, and it is shown that the control laws are effective when a communication graph has directed spanning trees. Meanwhile, it is proved that the convergence of systems is faster using the control law based on error predictor than by the common one. Finally, the above control laws are extended to achieve formation-tracking problems. In fact, in many cases information can be sent from a reference state to only its neighbor agents not to all the agents. In order to solve the above problem, an effective control law is given to achieve consensus with a constant reference state. Then, an effective general control law and an effective particular one are proposed to achieve consensus with a time-varying reference state. Furthermore, the above control laws are extended to achieve the formation tracking problems
Tenoutit, Mammar. "Définition et réglage de correcteurs robustes d'ordre fractionnaire." Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT2268.
Full textThe application of fractional calculus in automatic control have received much attention these last years, mainly in robust control. This PhD dissertation is a contribution to the control of integer order systems using a fractional order PID controller.The classical PID, well known for its applications to industrial plants, has been adapted to the fractional case as a PInDf controller, thanks to a fractional order reference model, characterized by its robustness to static gain variations.This new controller has been generalized to time delay systems as a fractional SMITH Predictor. In standard case, these controllers are adapted to first and second order systems, with or without a time delay. For more complex systems, two design methodologies have been proposed, based on the method of moments and on output feedback approach.For systems whose model is obtained by an identification procedure, the closed loop has to be robust to estimation errors. So, a worst-case model, derived from the covariance matrix of the estimator and the frequency uncertainty domains, has been proposed for the design of the controller.The different numerical simulations demonstrate that this methodology is able to provide robustness to static gain variations and to identification uncertainties
Wang, Zhibo. "Estimations non-asymptotiques et robustes basées sur des fonctions modulatrices pour les systèmes d'ordre fractionnaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourges, INSA Centre Val de Loire, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ISAB0003.
Full textThis thesis develops the modulating functions method for non-asymptotic and robust estimations for fractional-order nonlinear systems, fractional-order linear systems with accelerations as output, and fractional-order time-delay systems. The designed estimators are provided in terms of algebraic integral formulas, which ensure non-asymptotic convergence. As an essential feature of the designed estimation algorithms, noisy output measurements are only involved in integral terms, which endows the estimators with robustness against corrupting noises. First, for fractional-order nonlinear systems which are partially unknown, fractional derivative estimation of the pseudo-state is addressed via the modulating functions method. Thanks to the additive index law of fractional derivatives, the estimation is decomposed into the fractional derivatives estimation of the output and the fractional initial values estimation. Meanwhile, the unknown part is fitted via an innovative sliding window strategy. Second, for fractional-order linear systems with accelerations as output, fractional integral estimation of the acceleration is firstly considered for fractional-order mechanical vibration systems, where only noisy acceleration measurements are available. Based on the existing numerical approaches addressing the proper fractional integrals of accelerations, our attention is primarily restricted to estimating the unknown initial values using the modulating functions method. On this basis, the result is further generalized to more general fractional-order linear systems. In particular, the behaviour of fractional derivatives at zero is studied for absolutely continuous functions, which is quite different from that of integer order. Third, for fractional-order time-delay systems, pseudo-state estimation is studied by designing a fractional-order auxiliary modulating dynamical system, which provides a more general framework for generating the required modulating functions. With the introduction of the delay operator and the bicausal generalized change of coordinates, the pseudo-state estimation of the considered system can be reduced to that of the corresponding observer normal form. In contrast to the previous work, the presented scheme enables direct estimation for the pseudo-state rather than estimating the fractional derivatives of the output and a bunch of fractional initial values. In addition, the efficiency and robustness of the proposed estimators are verified by numerical simulations in this thesis. Finally, a summary of this work and an insight into future work were drawn
Vigué, Pierre. "Solutions périodiques et quasi-périodiques de systèmes dynamiques d'ordre entier ou fractionnaire : applications à la corde frottée." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0306/document.
Full textThe continuation of periodic and quasi-periodic solutions is performed on several models derived from the violin. The continuation for a one degree-of-freedom model with a regularized friction shows, compared with Coulomb friction, the persistence of limit cycle bifurcations (a maximum bow speed and a minimum normal force allowing Helmholtz motion) and of global properties of the solution branch (increase of amplitude with respect to the bow speed, decrease of frequency with respect to the normal force). The Harmonic Balance Method is assessed on this regularized friction system and shows interesting convergence properties (the error is low, monotone and rapidly decreasing). For two modes the continuation shows higher register solutions with a plausible stability. A stronger inharmonicity can greatly modify the bifurcation diagram. A new method is proposed for the continuation of quasi-periodic solutions. It couples a two-pulsations HBM with the Asymptotic Numerical Method. We have taken great care to deal efficiently with large systems of unknowns. A model of friction that takes into account temperature of the contact zone is reformulated with a fractional derivative. We then propose a method of continuation of periodic solutions for differential systems that contain fractional operators. Their definition is usually restricted to causal solutions, which prevents the existence of periodic solutions. Having chosen a specific definition of fractional operators to avoid this issue we establish a sufficient condition on asymptotically attractive cycles in the causal framework to be solutions of our framework
Hu, Wei. "Identification de paramètre basée sur l'optimisation de l'intelligence artificielle et le contrôle de suivi distribué des systèmes multi-agents d'ordre fractionnaire." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECLI0008/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the parameter identification from the viewpoint of optimization and distributed tracking control of fractional-order multi-agent systems (FOMASs) considering time delays, external disturbances, inherent nonlinearity, parameters uncertainties, and heterogeneity under fixed undirected/directed communication topology. Several efficient controllers are designed to achieve the distributed tracking control of FOMASs successfully under different conditions. Several kinds of artificial intelligence optimization algorithms andtheir modified versions are applied to identify the unknown parameters of the FOMASs with high accuracy, fast convergence and strong robustness. It should be noted that this thesis provides a promising link between the artificial intelligence technique and distributed control
Nasser, Eddine Achraf. "Modélisation fractionnaire et identification d'impédance d'accumulateurs électrochimiques." Thesis, Poitiers, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019POIT2307.
Full textThe impedance of an electrochemical accumulator is mainly characterized by three phenomena: the electronic conduction, the charge transfer and the ionic diffusion. The modeling of these phenomena involves non-rational transfer functions that cannot be directly simulated in the time domain. Then, their approximation by fractional models (also known as non-integer order models) becomes relevant to estimate the impedance characteristics from not only frequency measurements (spectroscopy), but also time measurements (chronopotentiometry). Moreover, the long-time required by the spectroscopy to measure at low frequencies, as well as the complexity of the equipment used can be avoided by using chronopotentiometry. Models identification strategies have been developed and validated experimentally on a Ferri ferrocyanide electrochemical cell, on Lithium-ion and on Nickel Metal-Hydride accumulators. The characterization tests of these elements are carried out at different states of charge and obtained results show the interest and the relevance of the methodology
Dawood, Ihssan. "Modélisation du transfert de métaux lourds dans les sols non saturés (modèle fractionnaire hydrogéochimique)." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00422621.
Full textCai, Chunhao. "Analyse statistique de quelques modèles de processus de type fractionnaire." Thesis, Le Mans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LEMA1030/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the statistical analysis of some models of stochastic processes generated by fractional noise in discrete or continuous time.In Chapter 1, we study the problem of parameter estimation by maximum likelihood (MLE) for an autoregressive process of order p (AR (p)) generated by a stationary Gaussian noise, which can have long memory as the fractional Gaussiannoise. We exhibit an explicit formula for the MLE and we analyze its asymptotic properties. Actually in our model the covariance function of the noise is assumed to be known but the asymptotic behavior of the estimator ( rate of convergence, Fisher information) does not depend on it.Chapter 2 is devoted to the determination of the asymptotical optimal input for the estimation of the drift parameter in a partially observed but controlled fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. We expose a separation principle that allows us toreach this goal. Large sample asymptotical properties of the MLE are deduced using the Ibragimov-Khasminskii program and Laplace transform computations for quadratic functionals of the process.In Chapter 3, we present a new approach to study the properties of mixed fractional Brownian motion (fBm) and related models, based on the filtering theory of Gaussian processes. The results shed light on the semimartingale structure andproperties lead to a number of useful absolute continuity relations. We establish equivalence of the measures, induced by the mixed fBm with stochastic drifts, and derive the corresponding expression for the Radon-Nikodym derivative. For theHurst index H > 3=4 we obtain a representation of the mixed fBm as a diffusion type process in its own filtration and derive a formula for the Radon-Nikodym derivative with respect to the Wiener measure. For H < 1=4, we prove equivalenceto the fractional component and obtain a formula for the corresponding derivative. An area of potential applications is statistical analysis of models, driven by mixed fractional noises. As an example we consider only the basic linear regression setting and show how the MLE can be defined and studied in the large sample asymptotic regime
Rammal, Rim. "Caractérisation des sorties plates pour le diagnostic de systèmes entiers ou non entiers : application pour le diagnostic d’un système hydraulique et d’un système thermique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021BORD0021.
Full textThe differential flatness is a property of dynamic systems that allows the transformation of a very complex system into a simpler one called flat system. Roughly speaking, a dynamic system is said to be flat if, and only if, there exists a vector, called flat output vector and formed by the state and input variables, such that all the system states, inputs and outputs can be expressed in function of this new vector and its successive time derivatives. The differential flatness property has many applications in automatic control theory, such as trajectory planning, trajectory tracking and the designing of robust controllers. Moreover, the flatness property has recently entered the field of fault detection and isolation. In short, fault detection and isolation is a sub-domain of automatic control engineering that deals with monitoring a system, identifying when a fault has occurred, and determining the type of fault and its location. Fault detection is performed by analyzing the difference between sensor and actuator measurements and their expected values, derived from any model and called redundant values. It is common to say that an error is detected if the deviation or residue exceeds a certain predefined threshold. Fault isolation, in turn, must make it possible to locate the fault in the machine. The most recent method of fault detection and isolation, based on the flatness property, calculates redundant variables from the measurement of the flat output of the system and its successive time derivatives. Then, the residues are deduced from the difference between the measured variables and the redundant variables. Fault detection by this method is guaranteed. However, the use of a single flat output does not allow, in some cases, to isolate some faults. The idea proposed by the developers of the method was to use several flat outputs to increase the number of the residual signals, which would increase the chances of isolating more faults. However, it was also noticed that the choice of these flat outputs is not arbitrary. That is, there are flat outputs that, when used together, increase the isolability of faults and others that do not. One of the objectives of this manuscript is to characterize the flat outputs in order to obtain a better fault isolability. This characterization is then verified by simulations and experiments on a hydraulic system, the three-tank system.Over the last decade, numerous studies have shown that there are systems such as thermal systems, viscoelastic systems and chemical systems that can be modeled by fractional differential equations. Therefore, classical methods of fault detection and isolation, originally developed to deal with integer order systems, were not suitable for fractional order systems, and fault detection and isolation methods specific to fractional order systems had to be developed. A second objective of this manuscript is to extend the characterization of flat outputs, proposed for the class of integer order flat systems to the class of fractional order linear flat systems, and then to apply this characterization to the detection and isolation of faults that may appear on the sensors and actuators of these systems. The effectiveness of this characterization is also verified by simulations on a bi-dimensional thermal system
Nguyen, Le Ha Vy. "Stability and stabilization of several classes of fractional systems with delays." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112387/document.
Full textWe consider two classes of linear time-invariant fractional systems with commensurate orders and discrete delays. The first one consists of multi-input single-output fractional systems with output or input delays. The second one consists of single-input single-output fractional neutral systems with commensurate delays. We study the stabilization of the first class of systems using the factorization approach. We derive left and right coprime factorizations and Bézout factors, which are the elements to constitute the set of all stabilizing controllers. For the second class of systems, we are interested in the critical case where some chains of poles are asymptotic to the imaginary axis. First, we approximate asymptotic poles in order to determine their location relative to the axis. Then, when appropriate, necessary and sufficient conditions for H-infinity-stability are derived. This stability analysis is then extended to classical delay systems of the same form and finally a unified approach for both classes of neutral delay systems with commensurate delays (standard and fractional) is proposed. Next, the stabilization of a subclass of fractional neutral systems is studied. First, the set of all stabilizing controllers is derived. Second, we prove that a large class of fractional controllers with delays cannot eliminate in the closed loop chains of poles asymptotic to the imaginary axis if such chains are present in the controlled systems
Flores, Carlos. "Architecture de contrôle pour le car-following adaptatif et coopératif." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEM048/document.
Full textRecent widespread adoption of vehicle automation and introduction of vehicle-to-vehicle connectivity has opened the doors for techniques as Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) and platooning, showing promising results in terms of traffic capacity and safety improvement, while reducing fuel consumption and CO_2 emissions. However, robustness and strict string stability, despite communication delays and string heterogeneity is still an on-going research field. This thesis deals with the design, study and validation of control systems for cooperative automated car-following, with the purpose of extending their benefits and encourage their employment, focusing on robustness and string stability, despite possible V2V communication delays and string heterogeneity. A feedforward/feedback hierarchical control structure is developed, which modularity is fundamental for the proposal of approaches that target different but complementary performance objectives. The architecture not only permits the adoption of a full speed range spacing policy that target multiple criteria, but can also be employed in a state machine-based CACC framework for urban environments with emergency braking and platoon re-joining capabilities in case of pedestrian interaction. Different feedback control design algorithms are presented for the gap-regulation, for which the fractional-order calculus is demonstrated to provide more accurate closed loop frequency responses and satisfy more demanding requirements. Desired performance is ensured in spite of string heterogeneity through the proposal of two feedforward methods : one based on predecessor-only topology, while the second includes the leader vehicle information on feedforward to gain tracking capabilities. Proposed control algorithms are validated through time and frequency-domain stability studies, simulation and real platforms experiments
Benchellal, Amel. "Modélisation des interfaces de diffusion à l'aide d'opérateurs d' intégration fractionnaires." Poitiers, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008POIT2256.
Full textThe research presented in this thesis deals with the approximation of diffusion systems with fractional models. This work is based on the definition of a fractional integration operator, which allows to generalise the numerical simulation procedure of conventional differential systems to those of fractional ones. The first part was devoted to the study of a model with two fractional integration operators. This model offers a very good approximation in both frequency and time domains. The identification results obtained from the heat transfer simulation show that this model is able to adapt to the geometry of studied diffusion processes. For a more compact and parsimonious model, a new fractional integrator with a variable order according to the frequency has been defined. It allows to define a model with one fractional integrator, which offers the same approximation qualities of the previously model. Finally, a simplification of this last operator is proposed while retaining the same approximation qualities. Several models defined were validated on real data: the case of modelling of skin effect machines and the case of pilot heat transfer
Ledouit, Simon. "Modélisation des relations information-mouvement mises en oeuvre lors de l'interception d'un mobile." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4120/document.
Full textThe goal of the present thesis was to understand the operative perception-action relations underlying the kinematic patterns of movement observed in manual and locomotor lateral interception. The introduction sets the stage for this endeavor, calling upon the theoretical concepts of direct perception and information-movement coupling, understood as a particular form of the online control of movement. Whereas a large body of work has demonstrated that interception is based on a prospective control strategy, debate persists as to the double question of (i) what information is that used to regulate the movement and (ii) how this information is used in the regulation of movement. To address these questions our general methodology was based on interception tasks presented in virtual reality settings. In the first experimental chapter we demonstrate that neither of the two variables proposed in the literature could by themselves explain the kinematic patterns observed. Integrating an modeling approach based on attractor dynamics, the second experimental chapter provides first evidence for reliance on a variable of intermediate rather than integer order. In the third experimental chapter we take our modeling approach one step further and demonstrate that reliance on information of a trajectory-dependent fractional order allows capturing the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the interception behavior observed. In the final chapter we discuss the suggested potential of opening up the information space to non-integer orders for the understanding of perception-action relations
Riu, Delphine. "Modélisation des courants induits dans les machines électriques par des systèmes d'ordre un demi." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00598516.
Full textN'Doye, Ibrahima. "Généralisation du lemme de Gronwall-Bellman pour la stabilisation des systèmes fractionnaires." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00584402.
Full textFioravanti, André. "H∞ analysis and control of time-delay systems by methods in frequency domain." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00627352.
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