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Academic literature on the topic 'Systèmes d'aide à la décision – Tests – Analyse'
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Journal articles on the topic "Systèmes d'aide à la décision – Tests – Analyse"
Dupont, J., J. Smitz, A. N. Rousseau, A. Mailhot, and G. Gangbazo. "Utilisation des outils numériques d'aide à la décision pour la gestion de l'eau." Revue des sciences de l'eau 11 (April 12, 2005): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705326ar.
Full textCôté, Gilles, and Jean-Philippe Waaub. "L’évaluation des impacts d’un projet routier : l’utilité de l’aide multicritère à la décision." Cahiers de géographie du Québec 44, no. 121 (April 12, 2005): 43–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/022881ar.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Systèmes d'aide à la décision – Tests – Analyse"
Bellón, de la Cruz Beatriz. "Une approche multiscalaire par télédétection pour la cartographie et la caractérisation des systèmes agricoles à l’échelle régionale." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AGPT0002.
Full text: In a context of regional land-use planning, agricultural systems’ mapping - crop types and cropping practices – allows monitoring of what is being produced, where and how, and therefore represents a key element for regional assessment of the agricultural production and its environmental impact. The production of information on agricultural systems generally requires a lot of data and expertise. This information is thus very heterogeneous in quantity and quality in space and time, the availability and updates being extremely variable between countries and regions. Remote sensing, through its ability to retrieve synoptic spatial information on the state and dynamics of vegetation from satellite images, represents a valuable tool for agricultural monitoring. However, the conversion of images into regional-scale map products remains a field of research for many applications. This thesis presents original methodological developments in a semi-automatic multiscale approach based on the processing and analysis of optical satellite imagery for the mapping and characterization of agricultural systems at regional scale. The approach is composed of two main methods: (i) regional stratification into landscape units and classification of these units to produce a map of agricultural land-use systems; (ii) field-level segmentation and unsupervised classification of the segments by a “landscape-clustering” method to produce a cropping systems’ map. The methods were developed on a region of intensive agriculture, the Brazilian state of Tocantins, where the cultivated area, as well as the main agricultural land-use systems and cropping systems were successfully mapped from an annual NDVI-MODIS time series and a mosaic of Landsat images. The reproducibility of the approach was then assessed in Burkina Faso, where landscapes are shaped by the smallholder agriculture. Only the cultivated area could be mapped with satisfactory results, highlighting the limitations of these methods and the current offer in satellite imagery given the challenging specificities of this type of agriculture for remote sensing. The resulting maps were assessed with ground-truth data and agricultural statistics, and compared to other existing maps. The results of this thesis show the potential of the new method of regional stratification into landscape units which, based on NDVI time series and combined to the unsupervised “landscape-clustering” classification method, contributes to significantly improve discrimination of crop types and agricultural practices, and allows representing the agricultural systems at different levels of spatial organization. The originality of the developed methods lies mainly in the simplicity of their implementation. They are almost exclusively based on satellite data and require little “expert” intervention and external data, which gives them a high reproducibility potential. Thereupon, this thesis contributes, with these novel methods, to the development of generic tools to support large-scale monitoring of agriculture and to provide decision-support products for reasoned land-use planning
Abdali, Abdelkebir. "Systèmes experts et analyse de données industrielles." Lyon, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAL0032.
Full textTo analyses industrial process behavio, many kinds of information are needed. As tye ar mostly numerical, statistical and data analysis methods are well-suited to this activity. Their results must be interpreted with other knowledge about analysis prcess. Our work falls within the framework of the application of the techniques of the Artificial Intelligence to the Statistics. Its aim is to study the feasibility and the development of statistical expert systems in an industrial process field. The prototype ALADIN is a knowledge-base system designed to be an intelligent assistant to help a non-specialist user analyze data collected on industrial processes, written in Turbo-Prolong, it is coupled with the statistical package MODULAD. The architecture of this system is flexible and combing knowledge with general plants, the studied process and statistical methods. Its validation is performed on continuous manufacturing processes (cement and cast iron processes). At present time, we have limited to principal Components analysis problems
David, Albert. "Négociation et coopération pour le développement des produits nouveaux au sein d'une grande entreprise industrielle : Analyse critique et rôle des outils d'aide à la décision." Paris 9, 1988. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1988PA090040.
Full textBérard, Céline. "Le processus de décision dans les systèmes complexes : une analyse d’une intervention systémique." Phd thesis, Paris 9, 2009. https://bu.dauphine.psl.eu/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2009PA090079.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to contribute to a better understanding of decision processes in a complex system, by analysing how systemic interventions produce changes in the decision-making process followed by individuals. More precisely, this research analyses the potential effects of the use of a systemic model by decision-makers, on both the constitutive activities and the dimensions of decision processes, while taking into consideration their potential determinants. The research involves an experiment based on one simulated case about the intellectual property system of biotechnological innovations: experimental sessions consist in individual interviews with policy-makers, and the systemic intervention concerns the use of a simulation model based on the system dynamics approach. The results suggest: 1) a multiple, cumulative, conjunctive, and iterative progression; 2) an incremental, based on multiple perspectives, and creative decision-making procedure; 3) the multiplicity of involved actors, with diversified interests and roles; 4) rationalities which are political, limited, contextual, and even socio-cognitive. Moreover, the results show that decision-makers, who benefit from a systemic intervention, tend to consider more analytical elements and scientific disciplines during their decision analysis, and to involve additional internal and external actors
Skrzyniarz, Alexandre. "Analyse de problèmes de décision distribuée et conception d'heuristiques de résolution." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0180.
Full textThis PdH dissertation is about distributed decision making helping frameworks. We address problems in which decision has to made with defavorable contexts such as uncertaincy and perception errors. Decision makers have a partial view of the environment and must meet an agrement about the identity of an object with timme constraints. Our contribution is based on distributed artificial intelligence and multi-agents systems. We rely on a three layer model (individual, social and normative) to describe a framework in which a conflict-free consensus emerges. The individual leval is based on probabilistic decision trees and perception integration. The social level models inter-agent conflict dependancies (based on three structures comparison), and the normative level allows fine tunning of the system and user request representation. Consensus is achieved by sorting assumptions with the help of aggregation of agents quality measurements
Spiliopoulos, Panayotis. "Analyse et simulation du marché pour le lancement d'un nouveau produit : réalisation d'un SIAD." Paris 9, 1987. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1987PA090044.
Full textOne of the managers' concerns is the adaption of innovation strategies and the development of new products and or activities. The objectives of this work are to illustrate the advantages of multicriteria modelling and to propose a new product decisions methodology which could be supported by a dss. Our methodology is based on the multicriteria modelling of consumers preferences. A utility functions'estimation model and an individual choice model are proposed and developed. Aggregating the results obtained by the choice model allows us to simulate the product's market. Writing a software for automating this methodology eventually lead us to build a trully interactive package
Bruel, Jean-Yves. "Contribution à la conception d'un système multi-modèles d'aide à la décision en analyse financière." Toulouse 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU10050.
Full textThe necessity of delimiting a financial or and economic situation in a simple clear rapid way without being an expert has led us to define the multimodal financial analyser. In order to facilitate the working out of the diagnosis, this new tool, which is fully integrated with all the office automation software and the great databases, makes it possible to achieve a complete continuous chain. Starting from any common raw data concerning a firm, an economic sector or a group, the chain rapidly and effortlessly results in a synthesis related either to algorithmic methods or heuristic ones
Pihier, Stéphane. "Coût d'intermédiation et stratégie des caisses d'épargne et de prévoyance." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100154.
Full textSimmulation and decision assistance model design from commercial and financial data of a French private savings banks. The purpose of this model is to study: savings banks cost formation and productivity analysis its use within a strategy based on smart cards as an alternate system of agencies operation management
Loisel, Julie. "Détection des ruptures de la chaîne du froid par une approche d'apprentissage automatique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASB014.
Full textThe cold chain is essential to ensure food safety and avoid food waste. Wireless sensors are increasingly used to monitor the air temperature through the cold chain, however, the exploitation of these measurements is still limited. This thesis explores how machine learning can be used to predict the temperature of different food products types from the measured air temperature in a pallet and detect cold chain breaks. We introduced, firstly, a definition of a cold chain break based on two main product categories: products obligatorily preserved at a regulated temperature such as meat and fish, and products for which a temperature is recommended such as fruits and vegetables. The cold chain break leads to food poisoning for the first product category and organoleptic quality degradation for the second one.For temperature-regulated products, it is crucial to predict the product temperature to ensure that it does not exceed the regulatory temperature. Although several studies demonstrated the effectiveness of neural networks for the prediction, none has compared the synthetic and experimental data to train them. In this thesis, we proposed to compare these two types of data in order to provide guidelines for the development of neural networks. In practice, the products and packaging are diverse; experiments for each application are impossible due to the complexity of implementation. By comparing synthetic and experimental data, we were able to determine best practices for developing neural networks to predict product temperature and maintain cold chain. For temperature-regulated products, once the cold chain break is detected, they are no more consumable and must be eliminated. For temperature-recommended products, we compared three different approaches to detect cold chain breaks and implement corrective actions: a) method based on a temperature threshold, b) method based on a classifier which determines whether the products will be delivered with the expected qualities, and c) method also based on a classifier but which integrates the cost of the corrective measure in the decision-making process. The performances of the three methods are discussed and prospects for improvement are proposed
Aït, Younes Amine. "Problèmes liés à la construction d'un pseudo-critère : développements théoriques et implémentation informatique." Paris 9, 2001. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2001PA090052.
Full textBooks on the topic "Systèmes d'aide à la décision – Tests – Analyse"
Linux ou Windows: Guide d'aide à la décision. Paris: Dunod, 2003.
Find full textLes nouveaux tableaux de bord. Éditions d'organisation, 2003.
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