Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Systemes à deux-échelles de temps'
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ALAOUI, EL AZHER ABDELKAMEL. "Identification de systemes a deux echelles de temps et application au chauffage optimal de batiments." Paris, ENMP, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ENMP0356.
Malloci, Ivan. "Sur les systèmes à commutation à deux échelles de temps : une application au contrôle de guidage de bande dans un laminoir à chaud." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL080N.
This Ph.D. thesis deals with a certain number of problems arising in practical implementation of control systems: multi time scale phenomena, sudden modifications on the system dynamics, discontinuities on the control signal due to controller switchings, the need of design a limited number of controllers in spite of a wide variation on the physical parameters. In order to illustrate the validity of the obtained results, we resort to a real problem concerning the steel production framework, the robust steering control of a hot strip finishing mill. First, a convex solution of the linear quadratic control design for discrete two time scale systems is proposed. Hence, we address the stability problem of two time scale switched systems. We show that stability of the slow and fast switched subsystems under arbitrary switching rules does not imply the stability of the corresponding two time scale switched system in the singular perturbation form. An additional constraint, independent of the value of the singular parameter and of the switching rule, is provided in terms of linear matrix inequalities. We also introduce a bumpless transfer method for switched systems aiming at reducing the discontinuities on the control signal. Dwell time conditions assessing the asymptotic stability of the closed loop switched system are established. The practical contribution of this thesis, the robust steering control design, exploits most of previous results. The objective is to guarantee the stability of the hot strip mill system and improve the quality of the rolled products
Malloci, Ivan. "Sur les systèmes à commutation à deux échelles de temps : une application au contrôle de guidage de bande dans un laminoir à chaud." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00439457.
Adhikari, Bikash. "Time-scale phenomena in the synchronization of multi-agent systems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0079.
Synchronization of multi-agent systems has received significant attention in the literature due to applications in different domains such as physics, biology, economics, medicine, telecommunication, etc. These multi-agent systems can be homogeneous (identical dynamics) or heterogeneous (non-identical dynamics). The major difficulties that arise in the control and analysis of the multi-agent systems are due to the heterogeneity and the network size. Heterogeneous networked systems have more complex dynamic behavior, and asymptotic synchronization may not be guaranteed. At the same time, the large network size increases the computational effort required to study the asymptotic behavior of the network. Also, the communication structure between the agents, which is important for synchronization, can be time-varying, adding more complexity to the problem. In this manuscript, we address these problems utilizing the time-scale phenomena in the synchronization of the multi-agent system. We propose a reduced-order model that approximates the synchronized behavior of the network with both fixed and time-varying topologies and provides a computationally efficient control design strategy based on the time-scale behavior of the networks. The first result presents the emergent dynamic based approximation of the heterogeneous linear multi-agent systems connected over time-varying topology. Using a coordinate transformation, the closed-loop network dynamics is reformulated into mean-field and error dynamics. Then by choosing a sufficiently large coupling gain, we represent the dynamics in new coordinates in standard singular perturbation form. This allows decoupling into reduced-order slow and fast dynamics using time-scale separation. Moreover, due to high gain, the network is practically synchronized, and its synchronized behavior can be approximated by reduced-orderslow dynamics independent of the control gains. The results are ensured for strongly connected networks under fairly mild assumptions by introducing a minimum dwell time between two consecutive switches.The second result proposes a novel three time-scale modeling of the clustered networks. Using a two-stage coordinate transformation, the network dynamics is reformulated into new coordinates, namely, mean-field, intra-cluster error, and inter-cluster error dynamics. Then with a suitable choice of parameters, we show that the network dynamics can be represented in a two-parameter standard singular perturbation form in the new coordinate system. The mean-field dynamics, which is the network's long-term behavior, evolve on the slowest time- scale. The intra-cluster error dynamics, which characterize the synchronization inside clusters, evolve on the fastest time scale. Finally, the inter-cluster error dynamics, which characterizes the synchronization between clusters, is fast with respect to the mean-field one and slow with respect to the intra-cluster one.In the final result, we present a computationally efficient control design strategy for the clustered network. We design a composite synchronizing controller with two terms: one responsible for the intra-cluster synchronization (internal) and the other achieving the synchronization between clusters (external). The internal controller does not require much computational effort since an analytic expression describes it. The external controller, however, is designed through a satisfaction equilibrium approach. In other words, the internal and external controllers are independently designed, and they ensure a guaranteed satisfactory cost for each cluster
Taousser, Fatima Zohra. "Analyse de stabilité des systèmes à commutations sur un domaine de temps non-uniforme." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VALE0038/document.
This thesis deals with the stability analysis of switched systems that evolve on non uniform time domain by introducing the time scale theory. We are interested mainly in dynamical linear switched systems defined on particular time scale T = P{tσk ,tk+1} = ∪∞k=0[tσk, tk+1]. The studied system switches between a continuous-time dynamical subsystem on the intervals ∪∞k=0[tσk, tk+1[ and a discrete-time dynamical subsystem on instants ∪∞k=0{tk+1} (a discrete time) with a time-varying discrete step. In a first part, sufficient conditions are given to guarantee the exponential stability of this class of switched systems. Then necessary and sufficient conditions for stability are given by determining a region of exponential stability. In the second part, the stability of this class of switched systems with nonlinear uncertainties, is treated using majoration of the solution, and after that by introducing the approach of a common Lyapunov function. The third part is devoted to the consensus problem under intermittent information transmissions where the closed-loop multi-agent system can be represented as a switched system using a combination of linear continuous-time and linear discrete-time systems
Köksal, Ersöz Elif. "A mathematical study on coupled multiple timescale systems, synchronization of populations of endocrine neurons." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066516/document.
This dissertation investigates synchronization properties of slow-fast oscillators inspired from neuroendocrinology and neuronal dynamics, focusing on the effects of canard phenomena and dynamic bifurcations on the collective behavior. We start from a 4-dimensional system which accounts for the qualitative and quantitative dynamical features of the secretion pattern of the neurohormone GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone) along a whole ovarian cycle. This model involves 2 FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillators with different timescales. Unidirectional coupling from the slow oscillator (representing the mean-field activity of a population of regulating neurons) to the fast oscillator (representing the mean-field activity of a population of the secreting neurons) gives a three timescale structure. The behavior of the fast oscillator is characterized by an alternation between a relaxation cycle and a quasi-stationary state which introduces canard-mediated transitions in the model; these transitions have a strong impact on the secretion pattern of the 4-dimensional system. We make a first step forward in multiscale modeling (in space) of the GnRH system, namely, we extend the original system to 6 dimensions by considering two distinct subpopulations of secreting neurons receiving the same signal from the regulating neurons. This step allows us to enrich further the GnRH secretion pattern while keeping a compact dynamic framework and preserving the sequence of neurosecretory events captured by the 4-dimensional model, both qualitatively and quantitatively. An initial analysis of the extended 6-dimensional GnRH model is presented in Chapter 2, where we prove using a 5D minimal model the existence of canard trajectories in coupled systems with folded singularities. Coupling causes separation of trajectories corresponding to each secretor by driving them to different sides of the maximal canard (associated with either a folded-node or a folded-saddle singularity). We explore the impact of the relationship between canard structures and coupling on the collective secretion pattern of the 6-dimensional model. We identify two different sources of canard-mediated (de)synchronization in the secretory events, which depend on the type of underlying folded singularity. In Chapter 3, we attempt to model complex behaviors of the GnRH secretion not captured by the 4-dimensional model, namely, a surge with 2 bumps and partial desynchronization before the surge, by using the 6-dimensional model previously constructed. Regulatory-dependent asymmetric coupling functions and heterogeneity in the secretor subpopulations are essential for obtaining such a 2-bump surge. During the pulsatile regime, we find that the slowly varying regulatory signal causes a dynamic bifurcation, which is responsible for loss of synchrony in asymmetrically coupled nonidentical secretors. We introduce analytic and numerical tools to shape and quantify the additional features embedded within the whole secretion pattern
Gravier, Julie. "Deux mille ans d'une ville en système : proposition d'une démarche appliquée au cas de Noyon." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H093/document.
This doctoral research seeks to understand the evolution of a city along the entire duration of its existence. The research is built upon the case-study of Noyon, a French city founded in the 1st century AD. Our approach can be synthesised in three steps. First of all, we assess the functional intra-urban structure so as to establish the trajectory of the city over 2 000 years. Then, we identify the relative position of the city within the system of cities it interacts with. This position is studied in terms of political, administrative and economic features. Finally, by confronting the intra-urban trajectory and the relative position of the city, we can investigate to what extent the history of a city and the history of the other cities of the system are united. The vastly long term considered raises two main issues. Firstly, the societies studied, over 2 000 years, are highly distinct. Comparing them involves to question the consistency of the definition of spatio-temporal entities, in order to study their trajectories. Secondly, this method requires to work with archaeological, textual and iconographic data, which are sporadic and scarce, especially when studying large scales processes. This turns a large part of our research into an investigation where many clues have to be collected in order to retrace some long-disappeared spatial configurations and facts. All of this requires new methodologies, along with a need to unambiguously delineate the paths relative to knowledge building, in order to offer a reproducible study of cities in systems over the long term
Xuan, Juan. "??tude de micelles de copolym??res ?? blocs r??pondants ?? deux stimuli." Thèse, Universit?? de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/90.
Tanasa, Valentin. "Development of theoretical and computational tools for the design of control strategies for nonlinear sampled-data systems." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00763971.
David, Laurent. "L’acquisition du present perfect chez deux enfants britanniques : une approche socio-cognitive du système aspecto-temporel anglais." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA159/document.
Previous studies in language acquisition have claimed that the verbal forms in early child language are limited to the expression of the here and now (Weist, 1991). However, a study of the verbal temporal system in French children’s speech (Parisse & Morgenstern, 2012) has shown that the children are able to refer to past events from an early age before they produce specific grammatical markers. Studies on the acquisition of aspect have established a strong correlation between the production of telic verbs and perfective aspect, without distinguishing between the present perfect and past tense. Slobin (1994) has shown that the first uses of the present perfect serve specific communicative functions that relate to the expression of result and experience. To our knowledge, no developmental study of the acquisition of the present perfect has been conducted so far. We conducted a study of how two British children use the present perfect in connection with their first uses of the markers referring to the here and now and their early productions of past tense. We examined the early uses of the markers in relation to the uses identified in the child directed speech in two dense oral corpora. Analyses based on qualitative and quantitative data were conducted on the adult and the child’s speech in the context of the interactions between the two (Tomasello, 2003). Our results suggest that the early productions of the present perfect result from the frequency of the marker found in the input and the cognitive development of the children. The study shows that they first rely on a visible resultant state in T0. Gradually, the children come to use the resultant state attached to the production of the marker to verbalise presupposed expectations or intentions in T0. By doing so, the children ask their caregivers to address specific needs that are expressed in the current situation
Jund, Sébastien. "Méthodes d'éléments finis d'ordre élevé pour la simulation numérique de la propagation d'ondes." Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00188739.
Saaidia, Noureddine. "Sur les familles des lois de fonction de hasard unimodale : applications en fiabilité et analyse de survie." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR14794/document.
In reliability and survival analysis, distributions that have a unimodalor $\cap-$shape hazard rate function are not too many, they include: the inverse Gaussian,log-normal, log-logistic, Birnbaum-Saunders, exponential Weibull and power generalized Weibulldistributions. In this thesis, we develop the modified Chi-squared tests for these distributions,and we give a comparative study between the inverse Gaussian distribution and the otherdistributions, then we realize simulations. We also construct the AFT model based on the inverseGaussian distribution and redundant systems based on distributions having a unimodal hazard ratefunction
Gilbert, Hugues. "Théorèmes d'existence pour des systèmes d'équations différentielles et d'équations aux échelles de temps." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3245.
In this thesis, we present existence theorems for systems of third order nonli- near differential equations, for systems of first order nonlinear time scales equa- tions and inclusions and for systems of second order nonlinear time scales equa- tions under some boundary conditions. In chapter three, we introduce a concept of solution-tube to get existence theorems for systems of third order differential equations. This new definition generalizes to systems the notions of lower- and upper-solution to third order differential equations introduced in [34]. In the last part of this chapter, we study third order systems when the right member f sa- tisfies a Wintner-Nagumo growth condition. To obtain an existence result in this case, we use the theory of differential inclusions. This result generalizes in many ways a theorem due to Grossinho and Minhós [34]. The next chapter concerns the existence of solutions for two kind of systems of first order time scales equations. Existence results for these problems are obtained with new notions of solution-tube adapted to these systems. Our first theorem ge- neralizes to systems and to an arbitrary time scale a result for difference equations due to Mawhin and Bereanu [9]. Our result permits to deduce the existence of so- lutions for systems which could not be treated in a result of Dai and Tisdell [17]. The second theorem of this chapter generalizes under few conditions some results of [60]. The fifth chapter presents a new existence theorem for a system of first order time scales inclusions. As far as we know, there is no result in the littera- ture for this kind of system of inclusions. Therefore, this chapter opens new doors in the branch of time scales inclusions. Again, our new result is obtained with the introduction of an hypothesis of solution-tube adapted to the problem studied. In the last chapter, existence of solutions for systems of second order time scales equations are obtained. The first result of this chapter generalizes theo- rems of [36] since the hypothesis used by these authors to get a priori bounds for solutions is a particular case of our definition of solution-tube for this type of problems. Let us mention also that our notion of solution-tube generalizes to systems the definitions of lower- and upper-solution used for second order time scales equations by [4] and [55]. We also generalize to systems, results obtained for second order time scales equations. Finally, we conclude this chapter with a new existence result for systems of second order time scales equations with a right member depending on the ∆-derivative.
Li, Cong. "Evolution of cooperation in evolutionary games with the opting-out strategy and under random environmental noise." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24642.
In this thesis, we study the effects of a stochastic environment and the use of an opting-out strategy on the evolution of cooperation in evolutionary games. The thesis contains 8 articles, among which 6 are already published in peer-reviewed journals. Apart from the introduction, the thesis is divided into two parts, Part 1 made with 5 articles and Part 2 with 3 articles. Part 1 studies randomized payoffs in evolutionary games. Article 1 introduces stability concepts for 2x2 matrix games in infinite populations undergoing discrete, non-overlapping generations in a stochastic environment and gives conditions for an equilibrium, either on the boundary or in the interior of the simplex of all strategy frequencies, to be stochastically locally stable or unstable. Article 2 extends the results of Article 1 to the case where fitness is an exponential function of expected payoff in random pairwise interactions and shows that, unexpectedly, environmental random noise can break a periodic cycle and promote stability of an interior equilibrium. Article 3 discusses the effects of weak selection. While stability conditions in a random environment return to conditions in the deterministic case as selection intensity diminishes, random fluctuations in payoffs can accelerate the speed of convergence toward a stable equilibrium under weaker selection. Article 4 applies stochastic evolutionary stability theory to a randomized Prisoner's dilemma game and shows that increasing the variance in payoffs for defection is conducive to the evolution of cooperation. Article 5 studies randomized matrix games in finite populations and gives conditions for selection to favor the evolution of cooperation in the context of a randomized Prisoner's dilemma. Part 2 considers a repeated Prisoner's dilemma game with an opting-out behavior adopted by every player in pairwise interactions. Article 6 studies the evolutionary dynamics of cooperation and defection in this context and shows possible long-term coexistence, assuming an infinite population and fast (actually, instantaneous) equilibrium in the pair frequencies. Article 7 reports experimental results with 264 university students using the opting-out strategy that support the theoretical prediction of a long-term coexistence of cooperation and defection. Article 8 extends the analysis of the model with the opting-out strategy to the case of a finite population and provides a rigorous proof of the two-time scales for the frequencies of cooperation and defection on one hand and the frequencies of strategy pairs on the other.
Soares, Cíntia Dalila. "Évolution dans des populations structurées en classes." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22666.