Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Systeme dynamiques hyperboliques'
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Leclerc, Gaétan. "Nonlinearity, fractals, Fourier decay - harmonic analysis of equilibrium states for hyperbolic dynamical systems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS264.
Full textThis PhD lies at the intersection between fractal geometry and hyperbolic dynamics. Being given a (low dimensional) hyperbolic dynamical system in some euclidean space, let us consider a fractal compact invariant subset, and an invariant probability measure supported on this fractal set with good statistical properties, such as the measure of maximal entropy. The question is the following: does the Fourier transform of the measure exhibit power decay ? Our main goal is to give evidence, for several families of hyperbolic dynamical systems, that nonlinearity of the dynamics is enough to prove such decay results. These statements will be obtained using a powerful tool from the field of additive combinatorics: the sum-product phenomenon
Gossart, Luc. "Opérateurs de transfert de systèmes dynamiques partiellement hyperboliques aléatoires." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALM062.
Full textIn this thesis, we are interested in transfer operators associated with circle extensions of hyperbolic maps. We show a convergence in law of the flat traces of the reduced transfer operators, up to an Ehrenfest time, when the roof function is random
Lamare, Pierre-Olivier. "Contrôle de systèmes hyperboliques par analyse Lyapunov." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAM062/document.
Full textIn this thesis we have considered different aspects for the control of hyperbolic systems.First, we have studied switched hyperbolic systems. They contain an interaction between a continuous and a discrete dynamics. Thus, the continuous dynamics may evolve in different modes: these modes are imposed by the discrete dynamics. The change in the mode may be controlled (in case of a closed-loop system), or may be uncontrolled (in case of an open-loop system). We have focused our interest on the former case. We procedeed with a Lyapunov analysis, and construct three switching rules. We have shown how to modify them to get robustness and ISS properties. We have shown their effectiveness with numerical tests.Then, we have considered the trajectory generation problem for 2x2 linear hyperbolic systems. We have solved it with backstepping. Then, we have considered the tracking problem with a Proportionnal-Integral controller. We have shown that it stabilizes the error system around the reference trajectory with a new non-diagonal Lyapunov function. The integral action has been shown to be able to reject in-domain, as well as boundary disturbances.Finally, we have considered numerical aspects for the Lyapunov analysis. The conditions for the stability and design of controllers by quadratic Lyapunov functions involve an infinity of matrix inequalities. We have shown how to reduce this complexity by polytopic embeddings of the constraints.Many obtained results have been illustrated by academic examples and physically relevant dynamical systems (as Shallow-Water equations and Aw-Rascle-Zhang equations)
Coudène, Yves. "Ergodicite du feuilletage stable des flots hyperboliques definis sur un revetement abelien." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EPXX0014.
Full textBouloc, Damien. "Géométrie et topologie de systèmes dynamiques intégrables." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30099/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we are interested in two different aspects of integrable dynamical systems. The first part is devoted to the study of three families of integrable Hamiltonian systems: the systems of bending flows of Kapovich and Millson on the moduli spaces of 3D polygons with fixed side lengths, the Gelfand-Cetlin systems introduced by Guillemin and Sternberg on the coadjoint orbits of the Lie group U(n), and a family of integrable systems defined by Nohara and Ueda on the Grassmannian Gr(2,n). In each case we prove that the fibers of the momentum map are embedded submanifolds for which we give geometric models in terms of quotients manifolds. In the second part we carry on with a study initiated by Zung and Minh of the totally hyperbolic actions of R^n on compact n-dimensional manifolds that appear naturally when investigating integrable non-hamiltonian systems with nondegenerate singularities. We study the flow generated by the action of a generic vector in Rn. We define a notion of index for its singularities and we use this flow to obtain results on the number of orbits of given dimension. We investigate further the 2-dimensional case, and more particularly the case of the sphere S2, where the orbits of the action draw an embedded graph of which we analyse the combinatorics. Finally, we provide explicit examples of totally hyperbolic actions in dimension 3, on the sphere S3 and on the projective space RP3
Reygner, Julien. "Comportements en temps long et à grande échelle de quelques dynamiques de collision." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066471/document.
Full textThis thesis contains three independent parts, each one of which is dedicated to the study of a particle system, following either a deterministic or a stochastic dynamics, and in which interactions only occur at collisions. Part I contains a numerical and theoretical study of nonequilibrium steady states of the Complete Exchange Model, which was introduced by physicists in order to understand heat transfer in some porous materials. Part II is dedicated to a system of Brownian particles evolving on the real line and interacting through their ranks. The long time and mean-field behaviour of this system is described, then the results are applied to the study of a model of equity market called the mean-field Atlas model. Part III introduces a multitype version of the particle system studied in the previous part, which allows to approximate parabolic systems of nonlinear partial differential equations. The small noise limit of of this system is called multitype sticky particle dynamics and now approximates hyperbolic systems. A detailed study of this dynamics provides stability estimates in Wasserstein distance for the solutions of these systems
Le, Ba Khiet. "Stabilité des systèmes dynamiques non-réguliers et applications." Limoges, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIMO4054.
Full textThis manuscript deals with the stability of non-smooth dynamical systems and applications. More precisely, we aim to provide a formulation to study the stability analysis of non-smooth dynamical systems, particularly in electrical circuits and mechanics with dry friction and robustness. The efficient tools which we have used are non-smooth analysis, Lyapunov stability theorem and non-smooth mathematical frameworks : complementarity and differentials inclusions. In details, we use complementarity formalism to model some simple switch systems and differential inclusions to model a Dc-Dc Buck converter, Lagrange dynamical systems and Lur'e systems. For each model, we are interested in the well-posedness, stability properties of trajectories, even finite-time stability or putting a control force to obtain finite-time stability, and finding numerical ways to simulate the systems. The theoretical results are supported by some examples in electrical circuits and mechanics with numerical simulations. It is noted that the method used in this monograph can be applied to analyze for non-smooth dynamical systems from other fields such as economics, finance or biology. .
Monson, Björn. "Pavages de la droite réelle, du demi-plan hyperbolique et automorphismes du groupe libre." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4060/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we construct tilings of the real line and the hyperbolic half-plane using train-track maps of IWIP free group automorphisms. One the one hand, we use a substitution defined by P. Arnoux, V. Berthé, A. Siegel, A. Hilion coming from a train-track map of a IWIP free group automorphism to generate substitutive aperiodic tilings of the real line. We show, thanks to a theorem of J. Los about connectivity of train-track representatives of an IWIP automorphism, that the topological type of those tiling spaces is the same up to a choice of train-track representative. Thus we associate, up to an homeomorphism, a tiling space of the real line to a class of an IWIP outer automorphism of Fn, then we extend this result to a conjugacy class of an IWIP element in Out(Fn). On the other hand, we construct from elements of tiling spaces of the real line previously defined, a set of weakly aperiodic for the affine group tilings of the hyperbolic half-plane. We study topological et dynamical properties of the tiling space generated by those hyperbolic tilings. Finally, in the last section we endow tiling spaces previously constructed with a smooth structure thanks to their inverse limit structure
Villedieu, Philippe. "Approximations de type cinétique du système hyperbolique de la dynamique des gaz hors équilibre thermochimique." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30276.
Full textDutilleul, Tom. "Dynamique chaotique des espaces-temps spatialement homogènes." Thesis, Paris 13, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA131019.
Full textIn 1963, Belinsky, Khalatnikov and Lifshitz have proposed a conjectural description of the asymptotic geometry of cosmological models in the vicinity of their initial singularity. In particular, it is believed that the asymptotic geometry of generic spatially homogeneous spacetimes should display an oscillatory chaotic behaviour modeled on a discrete map’s dynamics (the so-called Kasner map). We prove that this conjecture holds true, if not for generic spacetimes, at least for a positive Lebesgue measure set of spacetimes. In the context of spatially homogeneous spacetimes, the Einstein field equations can be reduced to a system of differential equations on a finite dimensional phase space: the Wainwright-Hsu equations. The dynamics of these equations encodes the evolution of the geometry of spacelike slices in spatially homogeneous spacetimes. Our proof is based on the non-uniform hyperbolicity of the Wainwright-Hsu equations. Indeed, we consider the return map of the solutions of these equations on a transverse section and prove that it is a non-uniformly hyperbolic map with singularities. This allows us to construct some local stable manifolds à la Pesin for this map and to prove that the union of the orbits starting in these local stable manifolds cover a positive Lebesgue measure set in the phase space. The chaotic oscillatory behaviour of the corresponding spacetimes follows. The Wainwright-Hsu equations turn out to be quite interesting and challenging from a purely dynamical system viewpoint. In order to understand the asymptotic behaviour of (many of) the solutions of these equations, we will in particular be led to: • carry a detailed analysis of the local dynamics of a vector field in the neighborhood of degenerate nonlinearizable partially hyperbolic singularities, • deal with non-uniformly hyperbolic maps with singularities for which the usual theory (due to Pesin and Katok-Strelcyn) is not relevant due to the poor regularity of the maps, • consider some unusual arithmetic conditions expressed in terms of continued fractions and use some rather sophisticated ergodic properties of the Gauss map to prove that these properties are generic
Trinh, Ngoc Tu. "Étude sur le contrôle / régulation automatique des systèmes non-linéaires hyperboliques." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1195/document.
Full textIn this study we are interested in the dynamics of a class of nonlinear systems described by partial differential equations (PDE) of the hyperbolic type. The aim of the study is to construct control laws by dynamic feedback of the output in order to stabilize the system around an equilibrium point on the one hand and to regulate the output to the set-point. We consider the class of systems governed by hyperbolic PDEs with two independent variables (one time variable and one spatial variable). For the well-posed dynamic system not only the initial state but also certain boundary conditions must be prescribed in coherence with the PDEs. We assume that observation and control are punctual. In other words, the action of the control intervenes in the system via the boundary conditions and the observation is carried out at the points of the border. Our study is motivated by the observation that many physical processes are modeled by this type of PDE equations. Examples include processes such as traffic flow in transportation, gas flows in a pipeline network, heat exchangers in process engineering, telegraph equations in transmission lines, civil engineering irrigation channels, to cite but a few.We begin the study with a scalar nonlinear PDE. In this case we propose a stabilizing integral controller which ensures the regulation of the output with zero static error. We prove the local stabilization of the nonlinear system by the integral controller by constructing an appropriate Lyapunov functional. The design of the proportional and integral (PI) controllers that we propose is extended in a framework of two PDE systems. We prove the stabilization of the closed-loop system with a new Lyapunov functional. The synthesis of stabilizing PI controllers is carried out in a framework of networks formed by a finite number of two PDE systems: star network and serial network in cascade. Controls and observations are located at the different connection nodes. For these configurations we present a set of stabilizing PI controllers that regulate the output to the set-point. The PI controllers that we design are validated by numerical simulations from the nonlinear PDE models. The contribution of the thesis compared to the existing literature consists in the development of new Lyapunov functionals for the class of systems looped by a PI controller. Indeed, a large number of results have been obtained from the stabilization of hyperbolic systems by static feedback of the output. However, there are still few results with the stabilization of these systems by the output dynamic feedback. The study of the thesis is devoted to the development of the Lyapunov functional to obtain stabilizing PI controllers. The direct Lyapunov approach that we have proposed has the advantage of allowing to study the robustness of the output dynamic feedback laws in the form of PI controllers with respect to the nonlinearity. Another contribution of the thesis consists of the Malab program construction allowing to carry out numerical simulations for the validation of the conceived controllers. For the numerical resolution of hyperbolic PDEs, we have discretized our systems using the Preissmann numerical scheme. Each time moment we have a system of non-linear algebraic equations to be solved in a recurring way. The contribution of numerical simulations allows us to better understand the application methodology of the infinite dimension control theory
Le, Floch Philippe. "Contributions a l'etude theorique et a l'approximation de systemes hyperboliques non lineaires : application aux equations de la dynamique des gaz." ePalaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988EPXXX001.
Full textCroisille, Jean-Pierre. "Contribution à l'étude théorique et à l'approximation par éléments finis du système hyperbolique de la dynamique des gaz multidimensionnelle et multiespèces /." Châtillon-sous-Bagneux : Office national d'études et de recherches aérospatiales, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb354820586.
Full textMaïzi, Nadia. "Réduction au sens de la norme de Hankel de modèles dynamiques de dimension infinie." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 1992. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00410522.
Full textMercier, Magali. "Étude de différents aspects des EDP hyperboliques : persistance d’onde de choc dans la dynamique des fluides compressibles, modélisation du trafic routier, stabilité des lois de conservation scalaires." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10246/document.
Full textIn this work, we study hyperbolic systems of balance laws. The first part is devoted to compressible fluid dynamics, and particularly to the lifespan of smooth or piecewise smooth solutions. After presenting the state of art, we show an extension to more general gases of a theorem by Grassin.We also study shock waves solutions: first, we extend T. T. Li's approach to estimate the time of existence in the isentropic spherical case; second, we develop Whitham's ideas to obtain an approximated equation satisfied by the discontinuity surface. In the second part, we set up a new model for a roundabout. This leads us to study a multi-class extension of the macroscopic Lighthill-Whitham-Richards' model. We study the traffic on an infinite road, with some points of junction. We distinguish vehicles according to their origin and destination and add some boundary conditions at the junctions. We obtain existence and uniqueness of a weak entropy solution for the Riemann problem. As a complement, we provide numerical simulations that exhibit solutions with a long time of existence. Finally, the Cauchy problem is tackled by the front tracking method. In the last part, we are interested in scalar hyperbolic balance laws. The first question addressed is the control of the total variation and the stability of entropy solutions with respect to flow and source. With this result, we can study equations with non-local flow, which do not fit into the framework of classical theorems. We show here that these kinds of equations are well posed and we show the Gâteaux-differentiability with respect to initial conditions, which is important to characterize maxima or minima of a given cost functional
Croisille, Jean-Pierre. "Contribution à l'étude théorique et à l'approximation par éléments finis du système hyperbolique de la dynamique des gaz multidimensionnelle et multiespèces." Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066095.
Full textCoulombel, Jean-François. "Stabilite multidimensionnelle d'interfaces dynamiques. Application aux transitions de phase liquide-vapeur." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002134.
Full textchoc pour des systemes hyperboliques de lois de conservation
multidimensionnels. Ce probleme a ete traite par Andrew
Majda sous une hypothese, dite de stabilite uniforme, qui
intervient de facon cruciale dans son analyse. Cette hypothese
est cependant mise en defaut dans certains exemples, par exemple
dans l'etude des transitions de phase liquide-vapeur. Nous
examinons ici la stabilite des interfaces qui ne verifient
pas l'hypothese de stabilite uniforme, et montrons comment les
resultats de Majda s'etendent a de telles discontinuites.
On commence par montrer la stabilite lineaire des chocs plans
faiblement stables, a l'aide d'un symetriseur de Kreiss
degenere qui tient compte des modes neutralement instables.
Cette premiere etape etablit un compte precis des pertes de
derivees intervenant dans les estimations d'energie. Dans un
second temps, nous montrons que ces estimations d'energie demeurent
valables lorsque l'on etudie la stabilite des interfaces (non
planes) proches d'un choc plan. L'utilisation du calcul
paradifferentiel nous permet de traiter des perturbations
peu regulieres du choc plan initial. Sous une hypothese de
petitesse sur le comportement global des courbes bicaracteristiques, nous montrons une estimation d'energie semblable a celle etablie pour le probleme linearise a coefficients constants. Ce resultat devrait permettre de montrer la stabilite non lineaire des ondes de choc faiblement stables.
Sedro, Julien. "Étude de systèmes dynamiques avec perte de régularité." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS254/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is the development of a unified framework to study the regularity of certain characteristics elements of chaotic dynamics (Topological presure/entropy, Gibbs measure, Lyapunov exponents) with respect to the dynamic itself. The main technical issue is the regularity loss occuring from the use of a composition operator, the transfer operator, whose spectral properties are intimately connected to the aformentionned "characteristics elements". To overcome this issue, we developped a regularity theorem for fixed points (with respect to parameter), in the spirit of the implicit function theorem of Nash and Moser. We then apply this "fixed point" approach to the linear response problem (studying the regularity of the system invariant measure w.r.t parameters) for a family of uniformly expanding maps. In a second time, we study the regularity of the top characteristic exponent of a random prduct of expanding maps, building from our regularity theorem and cone contraction theory. We deduce from this regularity w.r.t parameters for the stationanry measure, the variance in the central limit theorem, and other quantities of dynamical interest
Pène, Françoise. "Applications des proprietes stochastiques des systemes dynamiques de type hyperbolique : ergodicite du billard dispersif dans le plan, moyennisation d'equations differentielles perturbees par un flot ergodique." Rennes 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN10161.
Full textMonclair, Daniel. "Dynamique lorentzienne et groupes de difféomorphismes du cercle." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01061010.
Full textLécureux-Mercier, Magali. "Étude de différents aspects des EDP hyperboliques : persistance d'onde de choc dans la dynamique des fluides compressibles, modélisation du trafic routier, stabilité des lois de conservation scalaires." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00452936.
Full textNguyen, Quang Long. "Adaptation dynamique de maillage pour les écoulements diphasiques en conduites pétrolières : Application à la simulation des phénomènes de terrain slugging et severe slugging." Paris 6, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01583888.
Full textMercier, Magali. "Étude de différents aspects des EDP hyperboliques : persistance d'onde de choc dans la dynamique des fluides compressibles, modélisation du trafic routier, stabilité des lois de conservation scalaires." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00705215.
Full textNguyen, Thi Nhu Thao. "Modélisation mathématique et simulation de la dynamique spatiale de populations de campagnols dans l’est de la France." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCD031.
Full textThe main objective of the thesis is to propose and analyze mathematical models based on partial differential equations (PDE) to describe the spatial dynamics of two species of voles (Microtus arvalis and Arvicola terrestris), which are particularly monitored in Eastern France. The models that we have proposed are based on PDE which describe the evolution of the density of the population of voles as a function of time, age and position in space. We have two complementary approaches to represent the dynamics. In the first approach, we propose a first model that consists of a scalar PDE depending on time, age, and space supplemented with a non-local boundary condition. The flux is linear with constant coefficient in the direction of age but contains a non-local term in the directions of space. Moreover, the equation contains a second order term in the spatial variables only. We have demonstrated the existence and stability of weak entropy solutions for the model by using, respectively, the Panov's theorem of the multidimensional compensated and a doubling of the variables type argument. In the second approach we were inspired by a Multi Agent model proposed by Marilleau-Lang-Giraudoux, where the spatial dynamics of juveniles is decoupled from local evolution in each plot. To apply this model, we have introduced a directed graph whose nodes are the plots. In each node, the evolution of the colony is described by a transport equation with two variables, time and age, and the movements of dispersion, in space, are represented by the passages from one node to the other. We have proposed a discretization of the model, by finite volume methods, and noticed that this approach manages to reproduce the qualitative characteristics of the spatial dynamics observed in nature. We also proposed to consider a predator-prey system consisting of a hyperbolic equation for predators and a parabolic-hyperbolic equation for preys, where the prey's equation is analogous to the first model of the vole populations. The drift term in the predators' equation depends nonlocally on the density of prey and the two equations are also coupled via classical source terms of Lotka-Volterra type. We establish existence of solutions by applying the vanishing viscosity method, and we prove stability by a doubling of variables type argument. Moreover, concerning the numerical simulation of the first model in one-dimensional space, we obtain a finite volume discretization by using the upwind scheme and then validate the numerical scheme.The last part of my thesis work is a project in which I participated during a Summer school CEMRACS. The project was on a subject of biomathematics different from that of the thesis (an epidemiological model for salmonellosis). A new generic multi-scale modeling framework for heterogeneous transmission of pathogens in an animal population is suggested. At the intra-host level, the model describes the interaction between the commensal microbiota, the pathogen and the inflammatory response. Random fluctuations in the ecological dynamics of the individual microbiota and transmission at the inter-host scale are added to obtain a PDE model of drift-diffusion of pathogen distribution at the population level. The model is also extended to represent transmission between several populations. Asymptotic behavior as well as the impact of control strategies, including cleaning and administration of antimicrobials, are studied by numerical simulation
Arnoldi, Jean-François. "Résonances de Ruelle à la limite semiclassique." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENM105/document.
Full textSince the work of Ruelle, then Rugh, Baladi, Tsujii, Liverani and others, it is kown that the convergence towards statistical equilibrium in many chaotic dynamical systems is gouverned by the Ruelle spectrum of resonances of the so-called transfer operator. Following recent works from Faure, Sjöstrand and Roy, this thesis gives a semiclassical approach for partially expanding chaotic dynamical systems. The first part of the thesis is devoted to compact Lie groups extenstions of expanding maps, essentially restricting to SU(2) extensions. Using Perlomov's coherent state theory for Lie groups, we apply the semiclassical theory of resonances of Helfer and Sjöstrand. We deduce Weyl type estimations and a spectral gap for the Ruelle resonances, showing that the convergence towards equilibrium is controled by a finite rank operator (as Tsujii already showed for partially expanding semi-flows). We then extend this approach to "open" models, for which the dynamics exhibits a fractal invariant reppeler. We show the existence of a discrete spectrum of resonances and we prove a fractal Weyl law, the classical analogue of Lin-Guillopé-Zworski's theorem on resonances of non-compact hyperbolic surfaces. We also show an asymptotic spectral gap. Finally we breifly explain why these models are interseting "toy models" to explore important questions of classical and quantum chaos. In particular, we have in mind the problem of proving lower bounds on the number of resonances, studied in the context of open quantum maps by Nonnenmacher and Zworski
Guillet, Christophe. "INSTABILITE DE SYSTEMES HAMILTONIENS AU SENS DE CHIRIKOV ET BIFURCATION DANS UN PROBLEME D' EVOLUTION NON LINEAIRE ISSU DE LA PHYSIQUE." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011975.
Full textNous décrivons ensuite géométriquement à partir d'un système Hamiltonien presque intégrable à trois degrés de liberté à deux paramètres dû à Chirikov, un mécanisme de diffusion mettant en jeu un réseau de plans résonnants parallèles et voisins et un plan résonnant transversal au réseau. Ainsi, nous montrons qu'en dessous d'un certain seuil atteint par le paramètre prépondérant, on peut construire une orbite de transition dérivant en action à travers ce réseau modulationnel. Un des scénarii envisagés, le mécanisme de diffusion modulationnelle, basé sur l'existence de connexions hétéroclines entre tores partiellement hyperboliques issus de deux plans résonnants distincts est valide lorsqu'une condition de chevauchement est vérifiée.
Nous étudions enfin le modèle bidimensionnel décrivant un écoulement laminaire avec convection mixte entre deux plaques planes puis dans un tube vertical. Avec des conditions aux bords réduites, nous montrons via le théorème de la variété centrale qu'il existe dans le premier cas une bifurcation de pitchfork pour une valeur critique du nombre de Rayleigh.
Boukili, Hamza. "Schémas de simulation d'un modèle à trois phases immiscibles pour application à l'explosion vapeur." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0077.
Full textThis PhD work consists of modeling a three-phase flow: liquid (L), gas (V) for the same component (water) and solid (S) for a second component (high temperature metal). Such a mix is characterized by the risk of occurrence of vapour explosion, where major transfers happen: in this bi-component environment dynamic transfers are important (speed / pressure) and thermodynamic exchanges (heat and mass transfers) also are at stake. More specifically, heat transfers occur between phases S, L and V, while the mass transfer can only occur between the phases L and V. The vapour explosion type applications (EV) generate shock waves propagating within the medium and can impact the structures. Finally, it is essential to note that the actual simulation time, and different time scales are short. The mission is, therefore, to compute an EDP model with closure laws, capable of dealing with strongly unsteady three-phase non-miscible flows, with generation of shock waves and high thermal and mass transfer, and consistent with the second principle of thermodynamics. The second step is to propose a Finite Volume numerical method adapted to the approximation of this model, and in the presence of shock waves. Numerical test cases are given in order to verify the properties of the considered schemes, attention is paid to the consistency between the numerical results and the expected physical behavior of the simulated flow
Leguil, Martin. "Cocycle dynamics and problems of ergodicity." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC159/document.
Full textThe following work contains four chapters: the first one is centered around the weak mixing property for interval exchange transformations and translation flows. It is based on the results obtained together with Artur Avila which strengthen previous results due to Artur Avila and Giovanni Forni. The second chapter is dedicated to a joint work with Zhiyuan Zhang, in which we study the properties of stable ergodicity and accessibility for partially hyperbolic systems with center dimension at least two. We show that for dynamically coherent partially hyperbolic diffeomorphisms and under certain assumptions of center bunching and strong pinching, the property of stable accessibility is dense in C^r topology, r>1, and even prevalent in the sense of Kolmogorov. In the third chapter, we explain the results obtained together with Julie Déserti on the properties of a one-parameter family of polynomial automorphisms of C^3; we show that new behaviours can be observed in comparison with the two-dimensional case. In particular, we study the escape speed of points to infinity and show that a transition exists for a certain value of the parameter. The last chapter is based on a joint work with Jiangong You, Zhiyan Zhao and Qi Zhou; we get asymptotic estimates on the size of spectral gaps for quasi-periodic Schrödinger operators in the analytic case. We obtain exponential upper bounds in the subcritical regime, which strengthens a previous result due to Sana Ben Hadj Amor. In the particular case of almost Mathieu operators, we also show exponential lower bounds, which provides quantitative estimates in connection with the so-called "Dry ten Martinis problem". As consequences of our results, we show applications to the homogeneity of the spectrum of such operators, and to Deift's conjecture
Picart, Delphine. "Modélisation et estimation des paramètres liés au succès reproducteur d'un ravageur de la vigne (Lobesia botrana DEN. & SCHIFF.)." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00405686.
Full textLaurent, Karine. "Étude de nouveaux schémas numériques pour la simulation des écoulements à rapport de mobilités défavorable dans un contexte EOR." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLC081/document.
Full textIn dynamic reservoir simulation, one of the most troublesome artifacts for the prediction of production is the grid orientation effect. Although this normally arises from any numerical scheme, it happens to be amplified by the instability of the physical model, which occurs when the mobility contrast between the water (pushing fluid, used in the processes of secondary recovery) and the oil (pushed fluid, containing the hydrocarbons) exceeds a some critical threshold. We then speak of flows with adverse mobility ratio. This GOE issue has received a lot of attention from the engineers. Numerous works dating back to the 1980s have resulted in the so-called nine-point scheme. Currently implemented in the IFPEN software PumaFlow, this scheme performs relatively well in square meshes and depends on a scalar parameter whose value varies from one author to another, on the grounds of heuristic considerations. In this thesis, we propose a new methodological approach in order not only to optimally adjust this free parameter, but also to extend the scheme to rectangular meshes. The strategy that we advocate is based on an error analysis of the problem, from which it is possible to define a notion of angular error and to guarantee that the behavior of the obtained scheme is the "least anisotropic" possible through a minimization of its deviation from some ideal behavior. This minimization procedure is then applied to two other families of numerical schemes: (1) a multidimensional scheme proposed by Kozdon, in which the free parameter is a function; (2) another nine-point scheme involving two scalar parameters. The latter provides the best results regarding GOE reduction when the ratio of the mesh steps is far away from 1. Finally, an extension of the method to more sophisticated physical models is envisaged
Guillemaud, Vincent. "Modélisation et simulation numérique des écoulements diphasiques par une approche bifluide à deux pressions." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00169178.
Full textDans un premier temps, on élabore un cadre thermodynamique théorique pour décrire les écoulements liquide-vapeur. Dans ce cadre, on réalise la fermeture du modèle de Baer et Nunziato. De nouvelles modélisations sont proposées pour les termes d'interaction entre les phases. Ces nouvelles modélisations dotent le modèle bifluide à deux pressions d'une inégalité d'entropie. On étudie ensuite les propriétés mathématiques de ce modèle. Sa partie convective hyperbolique se présente sous une forme non-conservative. On étudie tout d'abord la définition de ses solutions faibles. Divers régimes d'écoulement sont alors mis à jour pour le mélange diphasique. Ces différents régimes d'écoulement présentent des analogies avec le comportement fluvial et torrentiel des écoulements en rivière. Les stabilités linéaire et non-linéaire de l'équilibre liquide-vapeur sont ensuite établies. Pour affiner notre description des interactions diphasiques, on étudie pour finir l'implémentation d'un modèle de turbulence, ainsi que l'implémentation d'une procédure de reconstruction pour la densité d'aire interfaciale.
On s'intéresse ensuite à la simulation de ce modèle. Suivant une approche à pas fractionnaires, une méthode numérique est élaborée dans un formalisme Volumes Finis. Pour réaliser l'approximation de la partie convective, diverses adaptations non-conservatives de solveurs de Riemann standard sont tout d'abord proposées. A l'inverse du cadre non-conservatif classique, l'ensemble de ces schémas converge vers une unique solution. Un nouveau schéma de relaxation est ensuite proposé pour approcher la dynamique des transferts interfaciaux. L'ensemble de la méthode numérique se caractérise alors par la préservation des équilibres liquide-vapeur. Dans un premier temps, cette méthode numérique est employée à la comparaison des différentes modélisations bifluides à une et deux pressions. On l'applique ensuite à la simulation des écoulements liquide-vapeur dans les circuits hydrauliques des réacteurs à eau sous pression en configuration accidentelle.
Al, Zohbi Maryam. "Contributions to the existence, uniqueness, and contraction of the solutions to some evolutionary partial differential equations." Thesis, Compiègne, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021COMP2646.
Full textIn this thesis, we are mainly interested in the theoretical and numerical study of certain equations that describe the dynamics of dislocation densities. Dislocations are microscopic defects in materials, which move under the effect of an external stress. As a first work, we prove a global in time existence result of a discontinuous solution to a diagonal hyperbolic system, which is not necessarily strictly hyperbolic, in one space dimension. Then in another work, we broaden our scope by proving a similar result to a non-linear eikonal system, which is in fact a generalization of the hyperbolic system studied first. We also prove the existence and uniqueness of a continuous solution to the eikonal system. After that, we study this system numerically in a third work through proposing a finite difference scheme approximating it, of which we prove the convergence to the continuous problem, strengthening our outcomes with some numerical simulations. On a different direction, we were enthused by the theory of differential contraction to evolutionary equations. By introducing a new distance, we create a new family of contracting positive solutions to the evolutionary p-Laplacian equation
Jaoui, Rémi. "Flots géodésiques et théorie des modèles des corps différentiels." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS147/document.
Full textThis thesis is dedicated to studying the interactions between two different approaches regarding differential equations: the model-theory of differentially closed fields on the one side and the dynamical analysis of real differential equations, on the other side. In the first chapter, we present a formalism from differential algebra, in terms of D-varieties à la Buium over the field of real numbers (endowed with the trivial derivation), that allows one to realise both approaches at the same time. The main result is a criterion of orthogonality to the constants, based on the topological dynamic of its associated real analytic flow. The second chapter is dedicated to the algebraic differential equations describing the (unitary) geodesic flow of a real algebraic variety endowed with an algebraic, non-degenerated symmetric 2-form. Using the previous criterion, we prove a theorem of orthogonality to the constants "in negative curvature'', that relies on the results of Anosov and of his followers, regarding the topological dynamic - the weakly mixing topological property - for the geodesic flow of a compact Riemannian manifold with negative curvature. In dimension 2, we conjecture a more precise description - its generic type is minimal and has a trivial pregeometry- for the structure associated to the unitary geodesic equation. In the third chapter, we present some motivations and partial results on this conjecture
Chiapolino, Alexandre. "Quelques contributions à la modélisation et simulation numérique des écoulements diphasiques compressibles." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0757/document.
Full textThis manuscript addresses the theoretical modeling and numerical simulation of compressible two-phase flows. In this context, diffuse interface methods are now well-accepted but progress is still needed at the level of numerical accuracy regarding their capture. A new method is developed in this research work, that allows significant sharpening. This method can be placed in the framework of MUSCL-type schemes, widely used in production codes and on unstructured grids. Phase transition is addressed as well through a relaxation process relying on Gibbs free energies. A new instantaneous relaxation solver is developed and happens to be accurate, fast and robust. Moreover, in view of the intended industrial applications, an extension of the thermodynamics of the phases and of the mixture is necessary. A new equation of state is consequently developed. The formulation is convex and based on the “Noble-Abel-Stiffened-Gas” equation of state. In another context, the dispersion of non-miscible fluids under gravity effects is considered as well. This problematic involves large time and space scales and has motivated the development of a new multi-fluid model for “two-layer shallow water” flows. Its numerical resolution is treated as well
Dehornoy, Pierre. "Invariants topologiques des orbites périodiques d'un champ de vecteurs." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00656900.
Full textRamsamy, Priscilla. "Modélisation de la morphodynamique sédimentaire par une méthode distribuant le résidu." Thesis, Antilles, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ANTI0206/document.
Full textThe present work, proposes a high order Residual Distribution (RD) numericalscheme to solve the non conservative hyperbolic problem, coupling Shallow Water and Grass equations. It uses Total Value Diminishing Runge Kutta and stabilisation Upwind methods, with or without limiters. It also has some good properties.A part of the work realised in this thesis, is about the conception and the developpement of a 2D-space Python program, under the form of a software,using a set of moduls created for the occasion. the code developpement, whichis said to approach the _uid-sediment model, coupling Shallow-Water and sedimentequations, has been made with an Object orientation and in orderto be e_cient on parallel architecture (using multithreads OpenMP parallelism). One of the features of the scheme in this case, is due to its application on quadrangles.A 1D-space program, also writen as a software, has been estabished. In order to be portable and e_cient, It has been developped multilinguals (Python- Fortran : by numpy.ctypes for Python and by standart interface FORTRAN for C). The RD scheme with or without Flux Limiters, has been implemented like predictor-corrector one. Comparisons with other schemes results have been realised, in order to show its e_ciency, moreover its high order accuracy has been focus on, and the C-proprerty has been tested. The tests show that MUSCL MinMod _ux limiters, is the most adaptated for a dune test case, between all tested.In the scalar case, numerical tests have been realised, for validating the secondorder of accuracy
Weynans, Lisl. "Methode particulaire multiniveaux pour la dynamique des gaz, application au calcul d'ecoulements multifluides." Phd thesis, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00121346.
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