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Journal articles on the topic 'System leak'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Shin, Yong Hyeon, Seung Soo Hong, In Tae Lim, and Kwang Hwa Chung. "Leak Rate Calibration System." Key Engineering Materials 270-273 (August 2004): 1674–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.270-273.1674.

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2

Marziale, Michael L., and Stephen J. Paradis. "Acoustic leak detection system." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 91, no. 4 (April 1992): 2304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.403600.

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3

Marziale, Michael L., and Stephen J. Paradix. "Acoustic leak detection system." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 92, no. 6 (December 1992): 3456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.404124.

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4

Peacock, Martin J. "Acoustic leak detection system." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 95, no. 6 (June 1994): 3682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.409904.

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5

Urmey, William F., Wallace Elliott, and Daniel B. Raemer. "Vaporizer Fill System Leak." Anesthesia & Analgesia 67, no. 7 (July 1988): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/00000539-198807000-00021.

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6

Nemoto, K., K. Kuwano, T. Okutomi, M. Igarashi, H. Nakao, M. Terai, Y. Yanase, T. Yamashita, and M. Yamaji. "Development of a Low Heat Leak Current-Lead System." IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity 14, no. 2 (June 2004): 1222–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2004.830535.

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7

Hiroki, S., P. Ladd, K. Shaubel, G. Janeschitz, and R. A. Marrs. "Leak detection system in ITER." Fusion Engineering and Design 46, no. 1 (October 1999): 11–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-3796(99)00058-7.

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8

Walski, Thomas, David Kaufman, Anthony Gangemi, and William Malos. "System Metering Aids Leak Detection." Opflow 27, no. 7 (July 2001): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8701.2001.tb01605.x.

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9

Wang, Shuai, Bin Gong, Yang Liu, and Wankun Li. "Automatic gas leak detection system." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 514 (July 3, 2020): 022020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/514/2/022020.

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10

Sulaima, Mohamad Fani, F. Abdullah, Wan Mohd Bukhari, Fara Ashikin Ali, M. N. M. Nasir, and Abu Bakar Yahya. "Oil and Gas Offshore Pipeline Leak Detection System: A Feasibility Study." Applied Mechanics and Materials 699 (November 2014): 891–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.699.891.

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Pipelines leaks normally begin at poor joints, corrosions and cracks, and slowly progress to a major leakage. Accidents, terror, sabotage, or theft are some of human factor of pipeline leak. The primary purpose of Pipeline leak detection systems (PLDS) is to assist pipeline operators in detecting and locating leaks earlier. PLDS systems provide an alarm and display other related data to the pipeline operators for their decision-making. It is also beneficial because PLDS can enhance their productivity by reduced downtime and inspection time. PLDS can be divided into internally based or computational modeling PLDS Systems and external hardware based PLDS. The purpose of this paper is to study the various types of leak detection systems based on internally systemtodefine a set of key criteria for evaluating the characteristics of this system and provide an evaluation method of leak detection technology as a guideline of choosing the appropriate system.

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11

Wälchli, U., A. L. Stöckli, F. Rapp, M. A. Bösch, and A. Schmid. "Fundamental leak calibration system for gas leaks with a defined pressure difference over the leak element." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 14, no. 3 (May 1996): 1247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.579936.

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12

Shi, He, Jinzhe Gong, Angus R. Simpson, Aaron C. Zecchin, and Martin F. Lambert. "Leak detection in virtually isolated pipe sections within a complex pipe system using a two-source-four-sensor transient testing configuration." Journal of Hydroinformatics 22, no. 5 (July 16, 2020): 1306–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2020.170.

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Abstract Leak detection in complex pipeline systems is challenging due to complex wave reflections. This research proposes a new technique for leak detection in targeted pipe sections within complex water supply pipe systems using controlled hydraulic transient pressure waves. To ‘virtually isolate’ a targeted pipe section for independent analysis, a two-source-four-sensor transient testing configuration is used to extract the transfer matrix of the targeted pipe section, and it is independent of the system boundary conditions. The imaginary part of the difference between two elements in the transfer matrix is sensitive to leaks. The result should be zero if no leak is present, while a leak will introduce a sinusoidal pattern. An algorithm is developed to extract the leak information, which is applicable to multiple leaks. Two numerical case studies are conducted to validate the new leak detection technique. Case 1 is on a single pipe system with two leaks and deteriorated pipe sections, and pulse pressure waves are used as the excitation. Case 2 is on a simple pipe network with one leak, and pseudo-random binary signals are used as the excitation. The successful determination of the leak location and impedance validates the concept.

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13

Hunaidi, Osama, and Alex Wang. "A new system for locating leaks in urban water distribution pipes." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 17, no. 4 (July 1, 2006): 450–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14777830610700928.

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PurposeTo introduce a new, low‐cost and easy‐to‐use leak detection system to help water utilities improve their effectiveness in locating leaks. The paper also presents an overview of leakage management strategies including acoustic and other leak detection techniques.Design/methodology/approachThe design approach was based on the use personal computers as a platform and enhanced signal processing algorithms. This eliminated the need for a major component of the usual hardware of leak pinpointing correlators which reduced the system's cost; made it easy to use, and improved the effectiveness of locating leaks in all types of pipes.FindingsEffectiveness of the new leak detection system for pinpointing leaks was demonstrated using real world examples. The system has promising potential for all water utilities, including small and medium‐sized ones and utilities in developing countries.Practical implicationsThe leak detection system presented in the paper will help all water utilities, including small and medium‐sized ones and utilities in developing countries, to save water by dramatically improving their effectiveness in locating leaks in all types of pipes.Originality/valueThe paper presents information about a new effective system for locating leaks in water distribution pipes. Effective leak detection tools are needed by water utilities worldwide.

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14

Tafuri, Anthony N., James J. Yezzi, Daniel J. Watts, and John M. Carlyle. "LEAK DETECTION AND LEAK LOCATION IN UNDERGROUND PIPELINES1." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1997, no. 1 (April 1, 1997): 379–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1997-1-379.

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ABSTRACT The use of passive acoustic techniques to detect and locate leaks in underground pipelines that carry pressurized liquids is being investigated in a joint research program between the Department of Defense (DoD), the Department of Energy (DOE), and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Acoustic techniques permit more cost-effective, timely, and accurate leak detection and location than currently established techniques, such as methodologies based on volumetric changes and others based on pressure loss. An experimental facility for determining the capabilities and limitations of improved leak detection and leak location methods based on advanced acoustic principles is being developed at the EPA's research facility in Edison, New Jersey. Four representative pipeline systems will be installed and evaluated: one typical of the petrochemical industry, one typical of a navy/air force hydrant refueling system, one typical of an army central heating system, and a fourth typical of pipelines associated with low-level liquid wastes at DOE facilities. Results of acoustic experiments on an existing 2-inch-diameter test line have indicated that the fundamental theory behind passive acoustic leak detection and location is solid. Several different acoustic leak detection and location methods have been explored to date; data have been produced by all of the techniques, proving their usefulness.

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15

Rajtar, J. M., and R. Muthiah. "Pipeline Leak Detection System for Oil and Gas Flowlines." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 119, no. 1 (February 1, 1997): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2836545.

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Petroleum fluids in production systems are frequently transported by surface steel pipelines of low diameter working at low pressures and under a two-phase flow regime. These pipelines operate without permanent, continuous supervision for leaks. The leaked volume is usually high before the leak is noticed and stopped. High leak volumes pollute the environment and increase production costs. This paper describes the expected performance of the acoustic emission leak detection system for low pressure flowlines in oil and gas gathering installations. The developed system detects acoustic emission signals generated by leaks. Specific features of the system are discussed. The system was tested in a closed field scale two-phase flowloop. Example results of tests are reported. The paper is completed with conclusions and discussion of potential applications of the system.

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16

Mahmood, Sarmad Nozad, Asnor Juraiza Ishak, and Salam T. Hussain. "GSM based gas leak monitoring system." Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences (PEN) 7, no. 2 (July 25, 2019): 670. http://dx.doi.org/10.21533/pen.v7i2.529.

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17

El-Zahab, Samer, Eslam Mohammed Abdelkader, and Tarek Zayed. "An accelerometer-based leak detection system." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 108 (August 2018): 276–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2018.02.030.

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18

Ball, John M. "Automated system for measuring leak standards." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 6, no. 5 (September 1988): 2860–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.575613.

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19

Jiao, Jiao Na, and Jian Jun Yu. "The Research on Leak Detection System of City Gas Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 3067–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.3067.

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Researches on leak detection system of gas network are significant to fault pipelines diagnosis. In the daily operation of city gas pipeline network, pipeline leakage is the most risky failure type. This paper attempts to review and analyze the existing gas network leak detection systems, meanwhile, design a new kind of leak detection system for daily monitoring and leakage detection of gas network. The greatest advantage of this system is to be able to do all kinds of leak experimental research, especially has great reference value for the leak detection task in colleges and universities.

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20

Yapri, Jason, and Rinkel Hananto. "Leak in OpenSSL." Journal of Applied Information, Communication and Technology 7, no. 1 (March 18, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.33555/ejaict.v7i1.70.

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The term “hacker” has been spread around the world and has always been considered as a threat when we use the internet. We often hear hackers deface websites’ contents and break into system to steal private and confidential information, such as account’s username and password, credit card numbers and others. This is definitely an unethical behavior of irresponsible people who mostly aims to gain profit. However the term hacker, on the contrary actually originates from an expert computer technicians who tries to access the system to debug and fix security problems of the system. Nowadays there are dozens of websites out there and some of those websites have low level of security. Hacker can easily break through their system and steal their private confidential data but just because these websites have low level security, that doesn’t mean that it is ethical to break into someone’s system and read their data. It goes the same when someone entering other people’s house because the door was left open by the owner. As web development grows rapidly, security has become an essential part to make the website more secure and reliable. This is when a group of people decided to make a collaborative project on the implementation of SSL (Secure Socket Layer) and TLS (Transport Layer Security) that is available to be used by everyone. This project is called as OpenSSl and has been used by most of the websites in the internet today. What if this OpenSSL, which has been trusted and implemented by 2/3rd of the websites all around the world can be breached? Definitely it will attract dozens of hackers all around the world to do something unimaginably dangerous.

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21

Stojic, Silvio, Antoine Hanekom, and Russell Colman. "Risk reduction through advanced leak management." APPEA Journal 50, no. 1 (2010): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj09036.

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Leaks of hydrocarbon to the atmosphere can be a major facility safety risk and personnel occupational health and safety (OHS) risk for oil and gas producing and processing facilities. Normally closed valves that pass or leak in-line are also a major contributor to product loss and facility risk. Component failures of these types have two common and challenging features: they are hard to find among the tens of thousands of potential leak sources, and the leakage rates either to the atmosphere or in-line can vary from minor to potentially catastrophic. In the past seven to eight years, advanced methods for finding and managing leaks resulting from poor component integrity have been developed. This paper covers some of ATMECO’s accumulated knowledge developed over many leak surveys of both onshore and offshore oil and gas facilities. Typical statistical profiles of leaks from uncontrolled facilities are presented. The types of component failure that lead to leaks are discussed along with probabilistic analyses relating to the next likely failure. Technologies of leak detection are reviewed, highlighting benefits and problems. Also discussed are the prerequisite data capture and management systems needed for a competent, robust and auditable system to manage component integrity. Gas imaging technology is becoming one of the core hydrocarbon leak detection tools and also assists greatly in the analyses of leaks and in providing valuable input to remedial actions. Survey design requirements for continuing and cost-effective component leak risk management are reviewed. Recommendations are provided about the preferred methods and management structures for programs designed to minimise component integrity risks.

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22

Wang, Qi, Kai Xing Hong, Xiang Xian Chen, and Hai Huang. "Design of a Pipeline Leak Detection System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 631-632 (September 2014): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.631-632.529.

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This paper develops a pipeline leak detection software based on the vibration analysis method. It introduces the hardware designs, experimental methods and the based theory, experimental methods, and the leak detection algorithm. The system uses the generalized cross-correlation (GCC) algorithm to analyze those signals including vibration, temperature, flow and pressure. Then the system takes use of matlab to analyze those signals to choose the best weighted methods. At last, the software uses LabVIEW to generate the fronted user interface. Key words: Leak detection; Generalized Cross-correlation; Vibration analysis; LabVIEW

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23

Biro, Peter. "Unusual Cause for a Circle System Leak." Anesthesia & Analgesia 83, no. 1 (July 1996): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/00000539-199607000-00046.

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24

Lin, Wuu-Wen. "Novel distributed fiber optic leak detection system." Optical Engineering 43, no. 2 (February 1, 2004): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.1637615.

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25

Biro, Peter. "Unusual Cause for a Circle System Leak." Anesthesia & Analgesia 83, no. 1 (July 1996): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000539-199607000-00046.

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26

Convey, H. J., and M. J. Booth. "Development of a water leak detection system." Computing & Control Engineering Journal 13, no. 1 (February 1, 2002): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cce:20020106.

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27

Yassin, Kamal, and James J. Gibbons. "A Hidden Leak in the Circle System." Anesthesia & Analgesia 73, no. 2 (August 1991): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/00000539-199108000-00029.

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28

Pinchbeck, D. "The Optical Fibre Cryogenic Leak Detection System." Measurement and Control 19, no. 7 (September 1986): 46–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002029408601900715.

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29

Morozov, S. A., S. N. Kovtun, A. A. Budarin, P. A. Dvornikov, A. A. Kudryaev, F. V. Kondratovich, P. S. Shutov, D. M. Shvetsov, and N. P. Konoplev. "Development of an acoustic leak monitoring system." Atomic Energy 103, no. 6 (December 2007): 925–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10512-007-0149-1.

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30

Tylman, Wojciech, Jakub Kolczyński, and George J. Anders. "Fully automatic AI-based leak detection system." Energy 35, no. 9 (September 2010): 3838–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2010.05.038.

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31

Muhammed, Raashid, F. Abu-Jarad, and M. I. Al-Jarallah. "Multichannel leak detection system for electrochemical etching." International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part D. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 15, no. 1-4 (January 1988): 291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1359-0189(88)90151-3.

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32

Yang, Shuting, Robert Talbot, Michael Frish, Levi Golston, Nicholas Aubut, Mark Zondlo, Christopher Gretencord, and James McSpiritt. "Natural Gas Fugitive Leak Detection Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle: Measurement System Description and Mass Balance Approach." Atmosphere 9, no. 10 (October 1, 2018): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos9100383.

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Natural gas is an abundant resource across the United States, of which methane (CH4) is the main component. About 2% of extracted CH4 is lost through leaks. The Remote Methane Leak Detector (RMLD)-Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) system was developed to investigate natural gas fugitive leaks in this study. The system is composed of three major technologies: miniaturized RMLD (mini-RMLD) based on Backscatter Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS), an autonomous quadrotor UAV and simplified quantification and localization algorithms. With a miniaturized, downward-facing RMLD on a small UAV, the system measures the column-integrated CH4 mixing ratio and can semi-autonomously monitor CH4 leakage from sites associated with natural gas production, providing an advanced capability in detecting leaks at hard-to-access sites compared to traditional manual methods. Automated leak characterization algorithms combined with a wireless data link implement real-time leak quantification and reporting. This study placed particular emphasis on the RMLD-UAV system description and the quantification algorithm development based on a mass balance approach. Early data were gathered to test the prototype system and to evaluate the algorithm performance. The quantification algorithm derived in this study tended to underestimate the gas leak rates and yielded unreliable estimations in detecting leaks under 7 × 10 − 6 m3/s (~1 Standard Cubic Feet per Hour (SCFH)). Zero-leak cases can be ascertained via a skewness indicator, which is unique and promising. The influence of the systematic error was investigated by introducing simulated noises, of which Global Positioning System (GPS) noise presented the greatest impact on leak rate errors. The correlation between estimated leak rates and wind conditions were investigated, and steady winds with higher wind speeds were preferred to get better leak rate estimations, which was accurate to approximately 50% during several field trials. High precision coordinate information from the GPS, accurate wind measurements and preferred wind conditions, appropriate flight strategy and the relative steady survey height of the system are the crucial factors to optimize the leak rate estimations.

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33

Trykov, Yevgeniy L., Andrey A. Kudryaev, Konstantin I. Kotsoyev, and Aleksey A. Ananyev. "Efficient method for the global noise filtering in measuring channels of the VVER NPP leak monitoring systems." Nuclear Energy and Technology 7, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nucet.7.65446.

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In accordance with Ref. (GOST R 58328-2018 “Pipelines of Nuclear Power Plants. Leak Before Break Concept”), NPPs with VVER-1200 reactors operate an acoustic leak monitoring system (ALMS) and a humidity leak monitoring system (HLMS), each performing the leak monitoring functions locally, independently of the other. The diagnostics results are conveyed to the upper level control system (LCS) to be further displayed for the main control room (MCR) operating personnel. There is also an integrated diagnostics system (IDS) intended to confirm the diagnosis and to update the leak rate values and coordinates based on analyzing the leak monitoring system readings and I&C signals. The system measuring channel readings are composed of background noise, the source for which are processes on the part of the reactor facility’s key components and auxiliary systems, and the leak signal in response to the leak occurrence. A major factor that affects the capability of leak monitoring systems to detect the leak is the quality of the background noise filtering. A new efficient global noise filtering method is proposed for being used as part of the integrated diagnostics system (IDS).

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34

Han, Hui Ling, Peng Sun, Feng Bo Han, Xin Ge Wang, Qing Xia, Jian Guo Liang, and Shi Cong Liang. "The Research of Intelligent Gas Leak Ultrasonic Testing System." Advanced Materials Research 1006-1007 (August 2014): 884–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1006-1007.884.

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This paper presents the basic principle of gas leak ultrasonic produce, the use of ultrasonic transducer array collecting leak ultrasonic signal, the signal filtering and power spectrum estimation of signal processing algorithms, intelligent gas leak detection system is developed. The detector is convenient to use, can realize quick check gas leak, application of virtual instrument for leakage signal analysis and processing, implementation of gas leak detection and estimation of leakage.

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35

Soares, Alexandre Kepler, Dídia I. C. Covas, and Luisa Fernanda R. Reis. "Leak detection by inverse transient analysis in an experimental PVC pipe system." Journal of Hydroinformatics 13, no. 2 (October 4, 2010): 153–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2010.012.

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Leakage reduction in water supply systems and distribution networks has been an increasingly important issue in the water industry since leaks and ruptures result in major physical and economic losses. Hydraulic transient solvers can be used in the system operational diagnosis, namely for leak detection purposes, due to their capability to describe the dynamic behaviour of the systems and to provide substantial amounts of data. In this research work, the association of hydraulic transient analysis with an optimisation model, through inverse transient analysis (ITA), has been used for leak detection and its location in an experimental facility containing PVC pipes. Observed transient pressure data have been used for testing ITA. A key factor for the success of the leak detection technique used is the accurate calibration of the transient solver, namely adequate boundary conditions and the description of energy dissipation effects since PVC pipes are characterised by a viscoelastic mechanical response. Results have shown that leaks were located with an accuracy between 4–15% of the total length of the pipeline, depending on the discretisation of the system model.

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36

NAITO, Susumu, Shuji YAMAMOTO, Makoto TAKEMURA, and Jun ITO. "ICONE19-43150 NEW SMALL SODIUM LEAK DETECTION SYSTEM, (I) MOVING FLUID IONIZATION DETECTOR." Proceedings of the International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE) 2011.19 (2011): _ICONE1943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicone.2011.19._icone1943_52.

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37

Waleed, Danial, Syed Hamdan Mustafa, Shayok Mukhopadhyay, Mamoun F. Abdel-Hafez, Mohammad Abdel Kareem Jaradat, Kevin Rose Dias, Fahad Arif, and Jawwad Imtiaz Ahmed. "An In-Pipe Leak Detection Robot With a Neural-Network-Based Leak Verification System." IEEE Sensors Journal 19, no. 3 (February 1, 2019): 1153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2018.2879248.

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38

OKAZAKI, Koki, Keitaro MUTO, Susumu NAITO, Kunihiko NAKAYAMA, and Jun ITO. "ICONE19-43508 NEW SMALL SODIUM LEAK DETECTION SYSTEM : (II) EXPERIMENTS OF MOVING FLUID IONIZATION DETECTOR AND LASER LEAK DETECTOR IN FAST BREEDER REACTOR MONJU." Proceedings of the International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE) 2011.19 (2011): _ICONE1943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicone.2011.19._icone1943_203.

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39

Kim, Youngseok, Haewook Jung, Jaesuk Ryou, and Jaehyuk Choi. "A Basic Experimental Study on Analysis of Leak Signal and Monitoring Method for Water Supply Pipe." Applied Sciences 11, no. 5 (February 26, 2021): 2097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11052097.

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Water supply systems are essential elements for human life and industry, and water leaks and water supply cut-off may cause major problems. Local water leaks and pipe failures in the water supply system are inevitable problems due to the aging of pipes. Therefore, leakage detection and prevention are required to monitor the integrity of the water supply system. This paper is a fundamental study on the applicability of the smart bolt, which was developed as a monitoring system to detect water leakage in water supply monitoring. Detection experiments were conducted using a smart bolt with a built-in strain sensor and an accelerometer. Through finite element analysis using ANSYS 2019 R2 and tensile strength testing, the strength of the smart bolt was confirmed to have the acceptable tensile strength. The smart bolt used in this study was verified to meet the allowable criteria of torque and tensile stress for a municipal water supply system. The frequency responses of the simulated leakage pipe system, according to the leakage of the valve and the main pipe, were analyzed, and a leak signal at the valve leak point was detected in the 60-Hz band. The main pipe leaking point was observed to produce a leak signal with a much higher-order mode than that of the valve leak point. Therefore, the smart bolt can be applied to detect warning leak signs from water supply valves and to monitor for loosening of the bolts.

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40

Ellis, Jason A., Richard Leung, and Christopher J. Winfree. "Spinal infusion pump-catheter leak detected by high-resolution 3D computed tomography." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 15, no. 5 (November 2011): 555–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2011.6.spine11177.

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Implanted intrathecal drug delivery systems may malfunction as a result of fracture of the intrathecal catheter. A suspected catheter fracture not seen on plain radiographs of the catheter system will typically prompt a contrast-enhanced imaging study of the pump. Injection of iodinated contrast medium into the pump system with routine fluoroscopy can sometimes fail to reveal subtle leaks. The authors present a case demonstrating the utility of high-resolution, 3D-CT for intrathecal pump-catheter system interrogation when routine fluoroscopy is unrevealing. In this case, a catheter leak was suspected on the basis of the patient's history, but no obvious fracture was noted on plain radiographs. An intraoperative fluoroscopic study that included multiple injections of contrast medium into the catheter system failed to conclusively show a catheter leak. The authors therefore performed a post-injection 3D-CT study, which clearly demonstrated a leak from the intrathecal catheter just deep to the thoracolumbar fascia. The leak was visible on source images and was especially obvious after 3D reconstruction. This led to surgical revision of the catheter and subsequent resumption of normal pump function. The authors therefore suggest that if a leak is suspected in an implanted intrathecal catheter and routine contrast fluoroscopy is unrevealing, post-injection 3D-CT scanning should be performed to further investigate the possibility of a subtle leak.

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41

Wang, Li Kun, Bin Xu, Hong Chao Wang, Shi Li Chen, Jia Yong Wu, and Dong Liang Yu. "Oil Pipeline Leak Detection System Based on Acoustic Wave Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 220-223 (November 2012): 1628–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.220-223.1628.

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Principle of the pipeline leak detection system is presented, and the leak detection method based on acoustic wave and wavelet analysis is studied in this paper. The dynamic pressure transmitter based on piezoelectric dynamic pressure transducer is designed. The characteristic of dynamic pressure transmitter when pipeline leak happened is analyzed. The dynamic pressure signal is suitable for pipeline leak detection for quick-change of pipeline internal pressure, while the static pressure is suitable for slow-change of pipeline internal pressure. The signal is analyzed by wavelet analysis method to detect the singularity, and the singularity is used to recognize and locate the leak. This paper indicated that the dynamic pressure signal could be adjust to this detection that the pressure changes in the pipeline. Field tests in 68.2 km pipeline segment show that the method detects pipeline leak rapidly and precisely.

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Urbonavicius, Audrius. "IoT Leak Detection System for Building Hydronic Pipes." International Journal of Engineering and Manufacturing 9, no. 5 (September 8, 2019): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijem.2019.05.01.

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Sun, Xi, Tongwen Chen, and Horacio J. Marquez. "Boiler Leak Detection Using a System Identification Technique." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 41, no. 22 (October 2002): 5447–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie010949+.

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Thornberg, Steven M. "Stepped linear piston displacement fundamental leak calibration system." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 6, no. 4 (July 1988): 2522–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.575540.

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Louati, Moez, Mohamed S. Ghidaoui, Mohamed Mahdi Tekitek, and Pedro Jose Lee. "Wave-Leak Interaction in a Simple Pipe System." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 146, no. 4 (April 2020): 04020013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)hy.1943-7900.0001714.

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Koebert, Robert F., and Richard Munster. "One-way Leak in Mass Spectrometer Sampling System." Anesthesiology 67, no. 4 (October 1, 1987): 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-198710000-00039.

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Lichtenegger, Klaus, Babette Hebenstreit, and Christian Pointner. "Leak Air in a Double-Wall Chimney System." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 410 (February 8, 2013): 012059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/410/1/012059.

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Zavrina, Perkinson. "Assessment on Microcontroller established Vapor Leak Sensor System." International Journal of VLSI & Signal Processing 5, no. 1 (April 25, 2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/23942584/ijvsp-v5i1p101.

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Brown, Timothy G. "Basic Leak Detection Is Necessary for Any System." Opflow 11, no. 10 (October 1985): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8701.1985.tb00418.x.

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Osipok, Tatyana, Semyon Zaides, and Hin Nguyen. "Determination of aircraft hydraulic system pipeline leak cause." MATEC Web of Conferences 329 (2020): 03078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032903078.

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Abstract:

The purpose of this article is to determine the cause of leak of the aircraft hydraulic system pipeline detected during pre-flight flight preparation. Results of spectral analysis of material, mechanical testing, analysis of defect structure by optical fractography and metallographic analysis are presented.

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