Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Syntheze de nanoparticules'
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Mucha, Sebastian. "Synthesis, characterisation, modelling, and applications of carbon quantum dots of various shapes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UMONS045.
Full textThe discovery of room-temperature light emission from carbogenic impurities in 2004 triggered intensive research on carbon dots (CDs). CDs are considered innocuous alternatives for heavy metal-containing luminescent nanostructures. They possess low cytotoxicity, efficient (and tuneable) one-photon excited fluorescence (OPEF), high photoresistance, and low-cost production. Nevertheless, their two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) and the corresponding two-photon absorption (TPA) must be better characterized. In addition, the chemical tuning strategies for both OPEF and TPEF were not fully understood yet. These aspects limit the application potential of CDs.To pursue the PhD project, three types of novel CDs are considered. We investigate those CDs with particular attention paid to 1) elaboration of new synthesis and purification procedures, 2) structural characterization of molecular precursors and CDs, 3) studies on absorption and fluorescence properties in one- and two-photon regimes, 4) examination of their application potential in biochemical assays, and 5) understanding of their structure-property relations.The PhD work is divided into four main parts.The first section describes acetone-derived polymer dots (PDs) (hydrophilic and hydrophobic fractions). They were produced by a new gram-scale method via base-mediated aldol reaction. All PDs reveal quasi-spherical morphology and polymeric design. However, they differ in the contribution of hydroxyl and carbonyl groups, and aliphatic chains. PDs exhibit greenish-blue OPEF with an excitation-dependent trend. We consider that emission arises from the ensemble of sub-fluorophores with the crosslink-enhanced effect.In the second part, we focus on hydrophilic PDs. They demonstrate an intense green TPEF and a strong TPA performance in the first biological window. They show no cytotoxic effects nor photobleaching. Interactions between serum albumins and PDs are then explored. Both OPEF and TPEF signals of PDs appear to be enhanced in the proteinous environment. Meanwhile, PDs do not change the secondary protein structure. Finally, we confirm that PDs can be used as selective and efficient agents in reversible and non-destructive probing of albumins in simulated physiological conditions.The third section reports on folic acid-based carbon nanodots (FA CNDs). These nanostructures were synthesized through the hydrothermal treatment of FA molecules. Nitrogen-doped FA CNDs possess heterogeneous internal structures, consisting of sp2-/sp3-hybridized carbon domains. They are rich in polar groups (e.g. carboxyls and hydroxyls). FA CNDs exhibit efficient blue OPEF and TPEF in aqueous media; their TPA spectrum covers the red/NIR region. Finally, FA CNDs are applied in the bioimaging of myelin figures in cooperation with other scientists.The fourth section is addressed to phloroglucinol-derived (PG) CNDs. We elaborated protocols to produce three fractions of PG CNDs using solvothermal and thermal decomposition methods. PG CNDs have a heterogeneous design (with sp2- and sp3-carbon domains) which is rich in oxygenous groups. PG CNDs provide monochromatic and intense OPEF and TPEF signals (tuneable in the blue-orange colour range) - responsive to hydrogen bonds between CNDs and solvent molecules. PG CNDs appear to be also effective two-photon absorbers in the wide wavelength range. Finally, we recognize two chemical strategies to tune the emission of PG CNDs: i) the contribution of oxygenous groups with the conjugated π-domains andii) the hydrogen-bond network.We are convinced that this PhD research is an essential piece of the puzzle in the further development of CDs as OPEF and TPEF emitters
Pelletier, Frédéric. "Synthèse et étude de nanomatériaux hybrides magnétiques à base Fer-Bismuth." Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1887/.
Full textResearch in the field of nanoscience is focused to a greater and greater degree on the synthesis and study of hybrid nanoparticles combining several inorganic materials in the same particle. The popularity of these new materials is due to the huge potential brought by the combination of different properties within the same object giving access to new properties (synergy) and multifunctional nanoplatforms for fields as diverse as biomedicine, catalysis and electronics. In search of innovative features, we are interested in the synthesis of new hybrid magnetic materials combining iron and bismuth, two metals entirely immiscible in the bulk. Firstly, we used Mössbauer spectroscopy and wavelet transform of the EXAFS signal to study iron (0) nanoparticles synthesized by reduction, via an amine-borane, method, used to obtain the building-blocks needed to design the desired hybrid nanomaterials. Subsequently, we characterized the chemical and structural nature (TEM, WAXS, EXAFS and XANES) and magnetic properties of the hybrid FeBi nanomaterials synthesized by complementary methods: SQUID and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Combining attractive magnetic properties, good resistance to oxidation and the particular physical properties of bismuth, this system is a credible candidate for applications in the biomedical field. Consequently, investigation of the transfer of such nanomaterials in water by means of ligands derived from galactose was conducted
Jullien, Eva. "Design de dérivés de s-tétrazines à haut potentiel de réduction." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DENS0026/document.
Full textThis Ph-D work focuses on the design and study of novel s- tetrazine derivatives, with a high reduction potential for pollutant detection by fluorescence quenching. The first part of this thesis describes the different physico -chemical and electrochemical phenomena that have been studied during these three years, reported on new compounds derived from s- tetrazine core, whose properties are presented in Chapter 2 of the first part. The second part presents the influence of substituents on the intrinsic properties of s-tetrazine through the synthesis of new tetrazine derivatives functionalized by sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen substituants and electrochemical and spectroscopic studies. Applications of tetrazine derivatives are developed in the last part especially the detection of electron rich pollutants, such as benzene derivatives and bisphenol A, by fluorescence quenching. Furthermore, s-tetrazine derivatives have been grafted on the surface of silica nanoparticles of monodisperse size, previously synthesized by the Stöber method. The ability of the tetrazine ring to keep its properties once immobilized on the surface of the nanoparticle have been studied and optimized. This may allow the design of a solid sensing device capable of detecting electron rich pollutants
Jamal, Al Dine Enaam. "Synthèse et caractérisation des nanoparticules intelligentes." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0054/document.
Full textOne of the major challenges in nanomedicine is to develop nanoparticulate systems able to serve as efficient diagnostic and/or therapeutic tools against sever diseases, such as infectious or neurodegenerative disorders. To enhance the detection and interpretation contrast agents were developed to increase the signal/noise ratio. Among them, Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide (SPIO) and Quantum Dots (QDs) nanoparticles (NPs) have received a great attention since their development as a liver contrasting agent 20 years ago for the SPIO. Furthermore, their properties, originating from the nanosized dimension and shape, allow different bio-distribution and opportunities beyond the conventional chemical imaging agents. The opportunity to coat those biocompatible NPs by a polymer shell that can ensure a better stability of the materials in the body, enhance their bio-distribution and give them new functionalities. It has appeared then that they are very challenging for medicinal applications. In this work, we have developed new responsive SPIO and QDs based NPs that are able to carry the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) and release it in physiological media and at the physiological temperature. Two families of NPs were synthesized, the first one consist in superparamagnetic Fe3O4 NPs that were functionalized by a biocompatible responsive copolymer based on 2-(2-methoxy) ethyl methacrylate (MEO2MA), oligo (ethylene glycol) methacrylate (OEGMA). The second family consists in the ZnO NPs coated by the same copolymer. For the first time, P(MEO2MAX-OEGMA100-X) was grown by activator regenerated by electron transfer–atom radical polymerization (ARGET-ATRP) from the NPs surfaces by surface-initiated polymerization. The core/shell NPs were fully characterized by the combination of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and by the physical properties of the nanostructures studied. We demonstrate the efficiency of the ARGET-ATRP process to graft polymers and copolymers at the surface of Fe3O4 and ZnO NPs. The influence of the polymer chain configuration (which leads to the aggregation of the NPs above the collapse temperature of the copolymer (LCST)) was studied. We have demonstrated that the magnetic properties of the core/shell Fe3O4-based nanostructures were only influenced by the amount of the grafted polymer and no influence of the aggregation was evidenced. This simple and fast developed process is efficient for the grafting of various co-polymers from any surfaces and the derived nanostructured materials display the combination of the physical properties of the core and the macromolecular behavior of the shell. The drug release experiments confirmed that DOX was largely released above the co-polymer LCST. Moreover, the cytocompatibility test showed that those developed NPs do not display any cytotoxicity depending on their concentration in physiological media. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the new nanomaterials developed can be considered for further use as multi-modal cancer therapy tools
Garcia, Cécile. "Synthèse de nanoparticules par voie électrochimique." Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30179.
Full textThis thesis deals with the synthesis of metallic (Ni-Co alloy) and oxide (Fe3O4), nanoparticles elaborated by an electrochemical process in ethanol medium. The study and the optimization made on the process lead to produce bimetallic nanoparticles of Ni/Co stabilized by surfactant with a rod-like morphology. A systematic experimental study shows clear relation between the synthesis parameters (current density, water percentage in ethanol, synthesis time, reagent concentration) and the morphology and structure of these Ni/Co nano-rods or wires. Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were also obtained using a new process based on direct electro-precipitation of an oxide in a dry solvent. This very simple process allows to produce quasi-monodisperse spherical nanoparticles (2-5 nm) in an ethanol medium without any stabilizing agent. To characterize these various nanoparticles, we systematically used transmission electron microscopy and wide-angle X-ray scattering
Lisiecki, Isabelle. "Synthese de nanoparticules de cuivre en systemes micellaires." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066412.
Full textThomas, Pierre. "Synthèse et caractérisation de nanoparticules métalliques : application à l'élaboration de nanocomposites." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30175.
Full textBabou, Kammoe Romuald Brice. "Synthèse de nanoparticules de carbonate de calcium." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27760/27760.pdf.
Full textNgo, Van Giang. "Nanoparticules hybrides oxydes métalliques/polymères : synthèse et caractérisation." Phd thesis, Toulon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00768240.
Full textBertail, Caroline. "Nouvelles voies de synthèse de nanoparticules d'oxydes luminescents." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003730.
Full textGavrilov-Isaac, Véronica. "Synthèse de nanoparticules magnétiques à énergie d'anisotropie modulable." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066439/document.
Full textMagnetic nanoparticles with spinel structure MFe2O4 (M = Fe, Co, Mn, Zn, Ni...) have been extensively studied for their various applications ranging from magnetic recording to biomeical applications(...)
Benoit, Roland. "Nanoparticules de bismuth : synthèse, caractérisation et nouvelles propriétés." Orléans, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ORLE2082.
Full textClément, Marie. "Calixarènes pour la synthèse radiolytique de nanoparticules métalliques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS449/document.
Full textDuring this thesis, the synthesis of different calix[8]arenes and mono- and bimetallic calixarenic complexes was performed in order to produce nanoparticles by radiolysis. The different steps of the synthesis were optimized and different functionalizations were tested to improve the solubility and the anchoring at the nanoparticles surface. Metallic nanoparticles were generated from silver and/or gold salts and stabilized by calix[8]arenes in ethanol. The obtained spherical nanoparticles were very small (less than 5 nm) and homogeneous in size. HAADF/STEM-EDS analyses performed on Au-Ag nanoparticles revealed their bimetallic character and the presence of very small aggregates of less than 1 nm. Catalyticefficiency of the silver nanoparticles was tested through nitreous compound reduction.These results show the calixarenes efficiency to stabilize small nanoparticles while allowing the catalytic activity. Mono- and bimetallic nanoparticles (Au and Au-Ag) were also synthesized by radiolysis from the calixarenic complexes. This synthetic pathway allowed the increase of the amount of metal used during the synthesis without increasing the size of the obtained nanoparticles (3-4 nm). This particularity can be related to fast exchange phenomena between clusters formed by the calixarenes and the metallic precursors complexes, that were shown by NMR spectroscopy. However, this NMR study needs to be pursued
Desbiens, Jessie. "Synthèse et caractérisation de nanoparticules de polymère dopées d'un complexe luminescent et de nanoparticules d'argent." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29213/29213.pdf.
Full textDesbiens, Jessie, and Jessie Desbiens. "Synthèse et caractérisation de nanoparticules de polymère dopées d'un complexe luminescent et de nanoparticules d'argent." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23691.
Full textLa synthèse et la caractérisation de nanoparticules de polymère dopées d’un complexe luminescent et de nanoparticules d’argent ont été réalisées. La polymérisation en mini-émulsion a permis d’obtenir des nanoparticules de polystyrène dopées d’un complexe luminescent. La concentration de complexe d’europium maximale pouvant être atteinte, sans qu’il y ait déstabilisation de l’émulsion, est de 2% (m/m). Il est également possible de préparer des nanoparticules de polymère contenant le complexe luminescent, ainsi que des nanoparticules métalliques. Pour ce faire, le complexe et les nanoparticules métalliques doivent être dispersés dans le monomère de départ. Il est donc nécessaire de modifier la surface des nanoparticules métalliques afin qu’il y ait une bonne affinité entre les nanoparticules métalliques et le polymère. Il est intéressant de confiner les nanoparticules métalliques dans la même particule de polymère que le luminophore afin d’observer leur impact sur la luminescence. Le rehaussement ou l’exaltation de la luminescence au voisinage de nanoparticules métalliques est un phénomène bien connu. Lorsqu’une nanoparticule métallique est excitée par une onde électromagnétique qui correspond à la fréquence de résonnance du nuage électronique de la particule, une augmentation du champ électrique est engendrée à proximité de la particule et a pour effet de rehausser la luminescence des luminophores à proximité. Les propriétés optiques des nanoparticules hybrides obtenues (polystyrène/complexe luminescent/argent) montrent, qu’effectivement, en présence d’argent, une augmentation de l’intensité lumineuse peut être observée.
LUTZ, THIERRY. "Synthese et caracterisation de nanoparticules metalliques dans des matrices amorphes." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998STR13076.
Full textMoukarzel, Waêl. "Synthèse et caractérisation de glycosilicones et leur application à la préparation et stabilisation de nanoparticules d'or." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1628/.
Full textCoupling a siloxane chain with various functional groups leads to polymers with new properties combining the flexibility of the chain with the properties of the functional groups. Accordingly, we wanted to study the grafting of saccharide groups on polysiloxane polymers. In the first part of this thesis, a new, smooth, efficient and fast method has been developed for the preparation of linear or hyperbranched polysiloxanes with lateral or terminal sugar groups. The preparation is done without the use of protecting groups for sugars. It avoids the use of acid or alkaline conditions for the deprotection thus preventing the decomposition of the siloxane chains before and after grafting the sugars. The polymers were characterized by 1H, 13C, 29Si NMR, IR and Size Exclusion Chromatography. These "glycosilicones" with grafting rate and weights adjustable at will, were subsequently used to efficiently stabilize preformed gold nanoparticles in aqueous solution even at high ionic strengths. The reducing properties of amino sugars used in this thesis for the synthesis of glycosilicones were used for a direct synthesis of nanoparticles under milder conditions than in conventional synthesis methods (such as reducing the gold salt with sodium borohydride). These amino sugars (glucosamine, glucamine) play the role of both reducing agents and stabilizers in aqueous media. The advantage of this method lies in the use of a single nontoxic reagent which can be useful for using these nanoparticles in biological tests. The one pot synthesis occurs at room temperature and leads to the formation of spherical nanoparticles with a good yield, but also induces anisotropic growth leading to the production of star shaped or multi-branched nanoparticles with very high yields. The size and number of branches of nano-stars were modulated by adjusting the experimental conditions. They were characterized regarding to their morphology, stability and optical properties by electron microscopy and UV spectroscopy
Mezni, Amine. "Synthèse et caractérisation de nanoparticules métalliques vers la nanomédecine." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2253/.
Full textThe main objective of our work was to synthesize monodisperse gold nanoparticles, stable under physiological conditions and hybrid nanoparticles such as Au@MO (where MO = ZnO or Fe3O4) for biomedical applications, magnétoplasmon or photocatalysis. The strategy is based on using the polyol process as a method of synthesis by soft chemistry. The study of the optical properties of nanoparticles was performed essentially by Raman spectroscopy. Firstly, we have prepared single-crystalline triangular gold nanoplates (Tr-AuNPs) with well-defined shape and tunable size by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) by controlling several parameters (the molar ratio of PVP to AuIII, temperature and the nature of the surfactant). Thereafter, we studied their properties and plasmon-enhanced Raman scattering surface which allowed us to clarify the dynamics of interactions PVP-Au. Preliminary hyperthermia mesearement on gold nanoparticles of 100 nm show an interesting heating power. The second part of our work, we have reported the synthesis of hybrid Au-Fe3O4 nanoparticles using a novel one-pot process, and have studied their plasmonic and SERS related properties as well as their phase transition properties. By combining SERS experiments and numerical simulations of the plasmonic near fields, we were able to investigate the fine structure of the Fe3O4 shell. By changing the laser intensity, we have investigated the transformation of the magnetite Fe3O4 shell into maghemite and hematite (a-Fe2O3). The last part of this work is devoted to the synthesis of hybrid Au-ZnO nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution, a controlled morphology and a high crystalline quality using the one pot polyol process, without adding any other reagents, template or complex metal ligand. Optical extinction measurements combined with numerical simulations showed that the Au-ZnO nanoparticles exhibit a localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) clearly red shifted with respect to that of bare Au nanoparticles (AuNPs)
Dadi, Rania. "Synthèse de nanoparticules d‘oxydes métalliques et leur activité antibactérienne." Thesis, Paris 13, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA131039.
Full textThis thesis aims are the synthesis of nanoparticles of metal oxides (CuO, ZnO and TiO₂) by soft chemistry "sol-gel" for applications in the biomedical field. Nanoparticles of ZnO and CuO are prepared from acetate precursors, and TiO₂ is produced in a fast micromixer reactor allowing size control of nanoparticles. Thin layers have been developed by dip-coating process.Metal oxides antibacterial activity has been studied on strains from European Pharmacopoeia; Gram-positive bacterium: Staphylococcus aureus, two Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and a fungus : Candida albicans. Different methods have been adopted for antibacterial activity evaluation in vitro: disk diffusion and well diffusion,bioluminescence (ATP measurements) and stall plate technique. Tests carried out showed an antibacterial activity of nanoparticles of ZnO and CuO in amorphous and crystalline form, and only in crystalline form for TiO₂. A mathematical model has been developed based on the results of the antibacterial tests and kinetic evolution of the bacterial population. It concluded that bacterial suppression is more efficient during the exponential phase, while its efficiency is lower during the stationary phase and latency. Cytotoxicity tests of NPs in suspension on gingival fibroblasts showed a decrease in cell viability, in part due to the presence of the solvent
Daou, Toufic Jean. "Synthèse et fonctionnalisation de nanoparticules d’oxydes de fer magnétiques." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/DAOU_Toufic_Jean_2007.pdf.
Full textIn the first part, magnetite nanoparticles with controlled size have been synthesized by co-precipitation followed by hydrothermal treatment. By varying different parameters like the pH, the nature of the bases and the Base/Fe ratio, we were able to obtain, nanoparticles with an average size of 12 (± 2) nm but especially of 39 (± 5) nm with global composition: Fe2. 95O4 which can be described by a core-shell system with stoechiometric magnetite as core and oxidized layer as shell. In the second part, we report, our results on the direct and strong bonding of functional organic molecules onto the surface of this nanoparticles using either phosphate, phosphonate or carboxylate groups as coupling agents. These studies have shown that the nanoparticles functionalised by a phosphate or phosphonate groups allowed stronger bonding on the surface of the nanoparticles, higher grafting rate than the carboxylate groups and especially the conservation of the magnetic properties. The grafting occurs mainly by interaction with the Fe3+ in octahedral sites present in the (111) denser plane. The magnetic properties are not modified with phosphonate and phosphate, whereas the carboxylate induce a canting of spin in the oxidized layer decreasing magnetization. Optimisation of grafting conditions has conducted to very stable suspensions in water and THF
Delecourt, Gwendoline. "Synthèse de nanoparticules monoplasmidiques pour le transfert de gènes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUS002.pdf.
Full textSince 20th century, breakthrough in gene therapy paves the way for new therapeutic strategies against genetic disorders, cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. Cells with genetic mutation may have their cellular machinery modulated via the introduction of polynucleotides in their nucleus. Nevertheless, DNA needs to be protected by a vector to cross biological barriers and to reach targeted cell nucleus. Various types of vectors have been developed like PEI-based vectors. However, those efficient polymeric vectors exhibit a toxicity which can be lowered by PEG functionalization. Nevertheless, the well-known PEGylation approach shows limits requiring news hydrophilic polymers. In this context, POxylation was studied as PEG alternatives in the design of new pDNA containing nanovectors. A new synthetic strategy was developed with a selective hydrolysis of block poly(2-R1-2-oxazoline-b-2-R2-2-oxazoline) copolymers. The functionalization of the synthetized PEI-b-POx copolymers with histidine moieties was achieved, along with galactose grafting to induce cellular targeting or histidine grafting to improve endosomal escape. These polymers were used to form polyplexes with DNA via extrusion method and further biological testing via in vitro and in vivo transfection essays were performed. An efficient transfection was obtained with a reduction of the cytotoxicity for PEI-b-POx copolymers compared to PEI
Awala, Hussein. "Synthèse des nanoparticules de zéolithe pour des applications environnementales." Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN2012.
Full textZeolite nanoparticles with diverse pore architectures, high external surface area, micro/mesoporosity, define particle size and morphology open the door for advanced applications. In addition to catalysis, separation and ion exchange processes, nanosized zeolites assembled in films and three-dimensional constructs are used as optical devices, separation membranes and reactors for immobilization of chemical sensitive compounds. In this work the synthesis procedure for nanosized zeolites (FAU and EMT- framework types) from organic-template-free precursor suspensions is developed. Besides, seed-assisted approach is applied for preparation of high silica BEA-type zeolite. In addition, environmentally friendly synthesis of nanosized zeolites at ambient condition using rice husk ash as a silica source is developed. The crystallization and transformation processes of eight zeolites in organic-free precursor suspensions are studied in details. Finally, the applications of nanosized zeolites for (1) purification of water (removal of heavy metals and pesticides), (2) stabilization of methylene blue, (3) inhibition of palm oil oxidation, (4) Bragg stacks chemical sensors, and (5) antireflection coatings are demonstrated
Daou, Toufic Jean Begin-Colin Sylvie Pourroy Geneviève. "Synthèse et fonctionnalisation de nanoparticules d'oxydes de fer magnétiques." Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2007. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/837/01/thèse_daou.pdf.
Full textMatioszek, Dimitri. "Conception de nouvelles espèces divalentes du groupe 14 (Ge, Sn) : réactivité et synthèse contrôlée de nano-objets." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1438/.
Full textThis work concerns the synthesis of single-element (Ge, Sn) and alloys (SiGe, GeSn, SnSi) nano-objects from group 14 derivatives specifically designed for this purpose. These species present a double challenge: they have to be stable enough to be handled easily and to remain labile to decompose in mild conditions of temperature. For this, two sets of low-coordinate germanium compounds (oxidation state II) have been prepared and characterized. The first one contains N-chelating ligands (aminotroponiminate and amidinate) which allow stabilization by intramolecular complexation. The oxidative reaction with an ortho-quinone and the complexation reaction with transition metals have confirmed their specific character of divalent sites. Their thermolysis in solution led to photoluminescent nanoparticles with a size in the range of 2. 5 to 5 nm surrounded by an organic layer that protected them from oxidation. The second set was devoted to the synthesis of di- and poly-metallated group 14 complexes (hypermetallyl-germylenes and -stannylenes) stabilized by inter- or intra-molecular complexation. They are potential precursors for group 14 nanoscale alloys with totally unique properties
TALEB, ABDELHAFED. "Organisation en 2d et 3d de nanoparticules : synthese et proprietes specifiques." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066632.
Full textOULD, ELY MOHAMED TEYEB. "Nanoparticules magnetiques a partir de precurseurs organometalliques : synthese et proprietes physiques." Toulouse 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU30269.
Full textSbargoud, Kamal. "Méthodologies de synthèse de nanoparticules de polymère multifonctionnelles : élaboration de nanoparticules fluorescentes à propriétés modulables et applications comme capteurs." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014VERS0041.
Full textThis thesis was devoted to the synthesis of multifunctional polymer nanoparticles with controllable compositions including fluorescent nanoparticles. The study was focused on functionalizations via click reactions, especially the copper-catalyzed coupling of azide and alkyne (CuAAC) on nanoparticles prepared by microemulsion polymerization. The CuAAC reaction is efficient and can be performed in aqueous medium in the absence of organic solvent. This strategy has allowed the synthesis of bi-functional nanoparticles (15-20 nm) with adjustable ratios by orthogonal functionalization or by step by step functionalization. The introduction of two fluorophores, one of them being pH-sensitive (dansyl/fluorescein and coumarin 2/fluorescein pairs), gave access to ratiometric pH sensors based on energy transfer (FRET) with a measurement range from pH 2 to pH 6. Nanoparticles bearing two coumarins (C2 and C343) in controllable ratios, and located either on the surface or in the core, have been prepared by CuAAC or by a strategy that included the incorporation of coumarin 343 in the particle core by copolymerization. These nanoparticles have been applied for light harvesting via energy transfer with an antenna effect of 5. 6. The last part of this thesis focused on the grafting of spiro-rhodamine derivatives for the detection of mercuric ions in aqueous solution. The embedment of pyrene within the particle core gave access to a ratiometric fluorescent nanosensor
Forestier, Thibaut. "Synthèse de nanoparticules à transition de spin en milieu confiné." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00408081.
Full textLa première stratégie basée sur la synthèse d'oligomères puis l'assemblage en unités supérieures s'est révélée difficile due à un manque de réactivité. La deuxième approche a consisté à utiliser le confinement moléculaire au sein d'une nanogouttelette pour synthétiser des oligomères de coordination de quelques nanomètres, et mettre en place une véritable “ingénierie moléculaire” en microémulsion. La dernière partie de ce travail est consacrée à la synthèse de particules à TS d'une centaine de nanomètre en milieu micellaire inverse permettant la discussion de l'influence de la taille des particules sur le comportement coopératif.
Laurent, Gautier. "Synthèse de nanoparticules multifonctionnelles pour la radiothérapie guidée par imagerie." Thesis, Besançon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BESA2025/document.
Full textThe original properties of nanoparticles make them extremely attractive in the field of oncology. In fast, gold nanoparticles coated by macrocyclic ligands allow imaging and therapy with only one object. Therefore, multifunctional platforms are very promising for image-guided therapy, winch constitutes an important step towards personalization of treatment. This consists of stimulating the therapeutic activity of the nanoparticles when their accumulation is high within the tumor zone and low in healthy tissues. A higher selectivity of the treatment is therefore expected. Biodistribution study by SPECT/CT has shown free circulation, renal elimination and a moderate retention by the liver of the nanoparticles. However, this retention is not due to the opsonisation processus. The MRI study of rats' brain carrying a gliosarcoma has shown an accumulation of nanoparticles Au@FADOTAGA-Gd in the tumor. Moreover, the co-labeling of these nanoparticles by Ge and 64Cts2+was successfully performed. As a result, PET/MRI images, a much researched combination but rarely achieved, were acquired on the same animal alter intravenous injection of the co-labeled nanoparticles. The radiosensitizing character of nanoparticles Au@TADOTAGA was confirmed by the follow up of tumor growth alter a treatment by MRT (microbeam irradiation) 15 minutes after intratumoral injection of nanoparticles. The therapeutic gain of this treatment has been validated by MRT 24 hours after intravenous injection of nanoparticles to rats carrying gliosarcoma (radioresistant tumor in radiosensitive organ)
Garnero, Cyril. "Synthèse organométallique de nanoparticules de FeCo pour l'intégration sur inductance." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ISAT0032/document.
Full textThe continuous development of telecommunication requires permanent enhancement of electronic component performances. Among them, common mode filters play a key role to cancel perturbations and thus noise in electrical transmissions. For telephony purposes, these filters must exhibit optimized properties up to high frequency ranges (GHz). These properties depend strongly on the constitutive inductors, and therefore can be significantly enhanced by the addition of a soft magnetic layer, providing that the magnetic material chosen is insulating with a high magnetic permeability and a ferromagnetic resonance frequency above the GHz.In the framework of the project “Investissement d’Avenir TOURS 2015” initiated by STMicroelectronics, we prepared composite materials loaded with FeCo nanoparticles (NPs). We developed a new chemical synthesis of FeCo NPs based on the decomposition of organometallic precursors ([Fe(N(Si(CH3)3)2)2]2 and Co(N(Si(CH3)3)2)2,THF). NP’s size (1 to 80 nm), shape (sphere, cube, and octahedron) and composition (50< Fe %< 70) can be tuned by adjusting the reaction conditions. Without requiring any annealing treatment, these FeCo NPs are highly crystalline in the body centered cubic structure and exhibit magnetic properties close to the bulk ones. A careful study, combining EELS, Mössbauer spectoscopy, zero field 59Co NMR and XRD with anomalous dispersion effect, evidenced the stabilization of the chemically ordered FeCo B2 structure under specific reaction conditions. This is the first time that such ordered structure is reported in chemically synthesized nanoparticles.In order to significantly enhance the inductors properties, a sandwich structure has been designed where the inductors are integrated on a mesoporous silicium substrate filled with FeCo NPs while an epoxy resin/FeCo Nps composite materials is deposited on top. In this aim, two FeCo nanoparticles based composite materials has been developed: - mesoporous silicium substrate exhibiting a loading of 10.1 gFeCo.m-2 were obtained through colloidal solution impregnation. The nanoparticles filled the 25-30 nm pores all along their 18 μm depth. - epoxy resin filled with nanoparticles (30% in mass) were prepared. SEM and TEM analysis confirmed that the nanoparticles are well dispersed in the polymer. After integration onto planar inductors, an increase of 17 % of the inductance value has been observed.During this project, exotic shape NPs such as FeCo octapods could be obtained. Their 3D structure, characterized by electron tomography leads to exotic magnetic configurations which were studied by electron holography
Mansas, Clémentine. "Synthèse de nanoparticules coeur-coquille pour capter le césium radioactif." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT207/document.
Full textThe research work described below is based on the synthesis and the study of core-shell nanoparticles able to entrap radioactive cesium. A sorption process of radionuclides on porous silica monoliths has already been described to capture radioactive cesium and to anchor it on a solid phase. Those materials were therefore functionalized with Prussian Blue Analogous (PBA) nanoparticles or more precisely K2CuFe(CN)6 (CuPBA) that are well known to be highly selective towards Cs. However, those materials did not allow optimal Cs sorption because of strong aggregation of PBA nanoparticles within the monoliths. Thereby, the solution developed is the use of core-shell nanoparticles in order to avoid the PBA aggregation. The core of these nanoparticles is made with PBA and protected by a porous silica shell.A reverse microemulsion is chosen as main synthetic route to synthesize and control the size and shape of these nanoparticles. That synthetic route allows in-situ synthesis of CuPBA nanoparticles in the microemulsion with an excellent stability of the particles in the water droplets. Microemulsions, characterized with SAXS, show droplets radius varying from 0.5 to 3 nm with regard to the water content defined by w parameter (w=[H2O]/[surfactant]). The growth of the silica shell is then achieved after the synthesis of CuPBA, using a classical basic conditions sol-gel process. The morphology of the core-shell nanoparticles is controlled with HRTEM/STEM-HAADF and the structural and chemical analysis are followed by XRD and FTIR-ATR. Finally, this study enables, for the first time, the synthesis of these core-shell nanoparticles. Then, recent sorption experiments highlighted that these core-shell nanoparticles can be used to entrap cesium with interesting capacity ((Qmax(core-shell NPs)=125 mg/g)). Moreover, these nanoparticles are useful for decontamination process and they open the way in the study of the self-irradiation and self-containment of radionuclides
Yammine, Elham. "Synthèse de nanoparticules de latex de polystyrène à patchs magnétiques." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0397.
Full textMagnetic patchy particles are of great interest for assembly into novel colloidal structures. The state of the art showed us that the vast majority of synthesized and studied systems concerns particles with a single magnetic patch, thus limiting the structures accessible by particles assembly. Therefore, the main goal of the present study was to develop spherical polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles with two or many superparamagnetic nanoparticles on their surface. Our multistep process involved first the fabrication of Magnetic Janus particles (MJPs) by seeded-growth emulsion polymerization and subsequent incubation in suitable mixtures of good and bad solvents to make their polystyrene lobe “sticky”. MJPs are then ready to coalesce into self-assembled structures with small aggregation numbers. In order to obtain magnetic patches with a size range of 100 nm, we prepared colloidal supraparticles highly loaded with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles through a multistep procedure, including evaporation-induced emulsion, silica coating and purification, leading to a narrowing of the size distribution. The optimal parameters of the seeded-growth emulsion polymerization (surfactant mixture composition, coupling agent type, surface grafting density) and of the assembly (solvent quality, good solvent content, particle concentration, temperature and incubation time) were previously determined with silica nanoparticles as models with similar particle diameter as well as surface chemistry. We demonstrated that under the same conditions MJPs synthesis became trickier, mainly because of the small amount of available supraparticules. This led us to implement new seeded-growth emulsion polymerization conditions. Finally, batches of latex nanoparticles with two or three magnetic patches were obtained, but required further purification steps before investigating their assembly behavior under magnetic field
Er, Mine. "Synthèse de nanoparticules d'argent a l'aide d'un procédé plasma-liquide." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCD001.
Full textThe main objectives of this thesis are to develop a plasma liquid immersion (PLI) method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles is first investigated with respect to chemical parameters (concentration of precursor and of stabilizing agent, and initial pH of the precursor solution) in the aim of optimizing PLI process and silver nanoparticles in order to synthesize spherical, small-sized, and uniformly-distributed silver nanoparticles. This investigation is performed using a MARX pulse generator. Secondly, synthesis of silver nanoparticles is investigated with respect to physical parameters (pulse duration, applied voltage, and applied voltage over the interelectrode distance for a constant ratio). For this investigation, a solid-state BEHLKE switch is used in the generation of plasma pulses. The study showed that the synthesis and morphology of silver nanoparticles are process dependent. Differences in the generation of plasma discharges are observed, when using two types of pulse generators, and are further explained. Optimized silver nanoparticles, synthesized using the MARX pulse generator, are spherical and uniformly distributed with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 10nm. These silver nanoparticles were produced by injecting only 40mJ energy into pulsed plasma discharges of the PLI process with 2W in power consumption. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles at similar synthesis conditions using the BEHLKE pulse generator resulted in the production of larger-sized polyhedral-shaped silver nanoparticles
Picard-Lafond, Audrey. "Synthèse de nanoparticules riches en carbone par polymérisation en dispersion." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27902.
Full textThe interest in carbon nanomaterials is expanding due to their potential for various applications. The network of sp²-hybridized carbon atoms, common to all materials of this family, generates excellent electronic and optical properties which are modulated by the shape, the size and the dimensionality of the carbon network. Among these nanomaterials, carbon nanoparticles (CNP) have a singular potential due to their photoluminescence properties, their photostability and their low toxicity. Accordingly, the application of CNP in biomedicine, optoelectronics and photocatalysis is greatly studied. However, the current synthetic methods and separation techniques represent limitations to their implementation. The use of high temperatures (>100 °C) hinders the precise control over shape and size of the CNP, the synthetic yields are low and the materials’ surface is chemically inert. In this project, the objective is to establish a route for CNP synthesis which surpasses the limitations of the current preparation methods. In other words, we are trying to develop a method allowing a precise control of the particles’ shape and size, while avoiding the use of high temperatures. The strategy is based on the dispersion polymerization of alkyne-rich organic units, used as a metastable carbon source. On one hand, the polymerization of alkyne-rich monomers allows the one-step synthesis of polyynes which, due to their instability, react spontaneously to produce a material composed mainly of sp²-hybridized carbon atoms. On the other hand, dispersion polymerization ensures a morphological control of the particles during their synthesis. Adding to the main objective, surface functionalization of the particles is intended by exploiting the reactivity of residual alkynes in the carbon structure. Also, we try to exchange the alkyne-rich monomer in order to improve the photoluminescence properties of the particles obtained from the developed process.
Dumestre, Frédéric. "Synthèse par voie organométallique de nanoparticules magnétiques de forme contrôlée." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30202.
Full textDelalande, Michaël. "Synthèse chimique, structure et propriétés magnétiques de nanoparticules d'alliage FePt." Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10277.
Full textFePt nanoparticles are of significant importance because of their potential application in magnetic storage devices beyond Tbit/in2. This work deals with the study of the structural and magnetic properties of chemically synthesised FePt particles. We show that structural and magnetic properties of the as-grown particles indicate a core-shell structure for nanoparticles prepared with various methods : an iron-depleted core (Fe30Pt70) surrounded by a iron-rich shell. Combining structural, magnetic and chemical data, we suggest this structure originates from the difference in the kinetics of incorporation of Pt and Fe, which are mainly controlled by the two ligands (oleic amine and acide). We then investigated a novel combinations of ligands (replacing the amine by pentadecanenitrile), and indeed obtained nanoparticles with a more homogeneous composition. As-synthesised FePt nanoparticles are in the chemically disordered structure and thermal annealing at 650°C is required to obtain the L10 phase. We proved that iron atoms of the shell are available to form of the ordered phase in core-shell nanoparticles. However, thermal annealing of assemblies of nanoparticles results in large sintering. We then started to explore an alternative process relying on irradiation by light ions at moderate temperatures. First results are encouraging as irradiation at 300°C leads to both a more homogeneous composition and a higher magnetisation of the nanoparticles
Guyonnet, Alexandre. "Synthèse et passivation de nanoparticules anisotropes à base de cuivre." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021BORD0058.
Full textNanoparticles, based on oxides, chalcogenides or metals, of controlled size, shape, composition,surface condition, are at the heart of very lively research activity. Much remains to be discovered as to thecompositions and structures accessible at the nanometric scale. Many applications (biosensors, solar cells, touchscreens, therapeutic vectors, etc.) benefit from the contribution of these new nanostructures.In this thesis, we propose to explore new syntheses of nanoparticles derived from copper andrecoverable for their opto-electronic and catalytic properties. We are interested in the preparation of anisotropicobjects in polyol or aqueous medium. Synthesis in a polyol medium, which is too rapid, hardly leads to theformation of anisotropic nanoparticles. It leads to the formation of hollow copper oxide microparticles. Their sizecan be modulated by accelerating the growth kinetics. Synthesis in aqueous medium, in the presence of an aminoligand, makes it possible to form copper nanoparticles with a relatively high form factor (~ 3000).Two strategies have been studied to stabilize anisotropic copper nanoparticles with respect tooxidation: (i) use of sulfur precursors to passivate the surface (ii) association of copper with a corrosion-resistantmetal. The first strategy accelerated a marked improvement in the chemical and thermal stability of copperwires. The second strategy did not lead to the formation of wires in which the two metals are truly allied.However, with zinc, ultralong copper nanowires with a high form factor (> 7000) were obtained, which made itpossible to deduce a growth mechanism in which zinc plays the role of a catalyst
Forestier, Thibaut Létard Jean-François. "Synthèse de nanoparticules à transition de spin en milieu confiné." S. l. : Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://ori-oai.u-bordeaux1.fr/pdf/2008/FORESTIER_THIBAUT_2008.pdf.
Full textDe, jesus almeida freitas Alexy. "Synthèse de nanoparticules cristallines en solution : rôle des états transitoires." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLX003/document.
Full textSoft chemistry is attractive thanks to its easy implementation. However, the related phenomena are poorly understood to this day. Usually, crystal size and their nucleation rate are described using classical nucleation theories. By construction, they neglect (i) any potential intermediate state (ii) any consideration of microstructure. In addition, the nucleation rates measured are in disagreement with the prediction, by a factor of at least 1010. Taking into account the intermediate states and investigate their impact on the structure (not only the size) should be a good way to improve crystallisation theories.The characterisation of those intermediate states remains challenging : they are labile, nanometer-sized, and are formed in less than a second. To address our problem, europium-doped yttrium vanadate (YVO4:Eu) is an excellent candidate : it is microstructured and its crystallisation - polycrystalline or monocrystalline depending on the pH – occurs via an amorphous intermediate state.Our work precises the different microstructures observed. We then measure three different nucleation rates in situ X-ray scattering, with different degrees of polycristallinity associated. We propose a simple model predicting the poly/monocrystallinity from the competition between nucleation and crystal growth and the following new idea : the amorphous precipitate confines the reaction. In addition to this role, it also serves as reactor (contains 80% of the reactants) and as template (as it sets the particles’ final size). All three amorphous are structurally similar, its structure alone cannot explain the differences in structural kinetics we observe. We thus focus on chemical processes in play. In particular, we demonstrate that the reaction kinetics depends mainly on the number of hydroxyl ions engaged in the amorphous network.The methods and concepts developed here are independant on the chemical system used, and it is highly probable that they will prove valid for other compounds : other oxide nanoparticles, or crystals in general
Grosshans, Vièles Sarah. "Nanoparticules dérivant de précurseurs moléculaires dans des solides mésoporeux : synthèse et propriétés." Mulhouse, 2007. https://www.learning-center.uha.fr/opac/resource/nanoparticules-derivant-de-precurseurs-moleculaires-dans-des-solides-mesoporeux-synthese-et-propriet/BUS4012223.
Full textThe organized mesoporous silica (OMS) have many properties, making them excellent candidates as supports of nanoparticles dispersed in matrices. In particular, their regular porosity (site and arrangément) should favor the formation of nanoparticles with narrow size distributions and spatially well dispersed in the pares/charnels of the matrix. The aim of this PhD is to generate metallic nanoparticles into mesoporous silica matrices having controlled and organized porosity (OMS type MCM-41 or SBA-15) or without (xerogel). Our strategy consisted in the incorporation of molecular metallic precureurs in the pores of the silica matrix using varions methods and Men in generating metallic nanoparticles by reduction under controlled atmosphere. In a first part, the elaboration of OMS type MCM-41 materials with cobalt was carried out by direct synthesis using cobalt soap combined with C16TMABr, templating agent which is usually used for the synthesis of MCM-41. The cell parameter and the pores' sire of the samples depend on the amount of cobalt soap incorporaed. Indeed, the cobalt soap behaves like a co-surfactant in the synthesis of these samples, sine it forms with C16TMABr mixed micelles. Alter a suitable reducing heat traatment on calcined samples, cobalt nanoparticles were formed. In a second part, methods of incorporation by impregnation or grafting during a post-synthesis treatment of the cobalt cluster Co4(CO)Io(µ-NH(PPh2)2) were studied. These two methods lead to the formation of the Co2P phase. However, the conditions of heat traatment implemented did not result in nanoparticles confined into OMS. In a last part, bimetallic palladiummolybdenum clusters were incorporated by impregnation in two silica matrices ordered or rot. A suitable heat traaement led in botte cases to the formation of nanoparticles of new bimetallic phase (PdI,7Moo44P). The use of OMS matrix type SBA-15 materials, brings about formation of particles confined and dispersed in the pores of the mesoporous hosts. However, luger particles are obtained in the case of a xerogel matrix, featuring polydisperse and disordered pores
Mayap, Talom Renée. "Copolymères à base d'ADN : synthèse, auto-assemblage, applications." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1557/.
Full textIn this workk, we built a library of copolymers based on DNA. For that purpose, we used various strategies of synthesis to link polymers (hydrophobic, diblocs) with oligonucleotides. Different techniques (DLS, TEM, SANS, Cryo-TEM. . . ) allowed us to study and characterize the self-assembled structures in aqueous solution of these biohybrids. We worked out the potential applications of these biohybrids. We have shown that tribloc nanoparticles can encapsulate hydrophobic molecules. Using oligonucleotide recognition, it was possible to adsorb DNA copolymers nanoparticles on a surface and decorate these of golden nanoparticles. These results pave the way to new applications of nanohybrids
Buchy, Eric. "Conception de bioconjugués squalénisés dotés de propriétés d'auto-assemblage : vers une méthode générale de vectorisation nanoparticulaire." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS267.
Full textSqualenoyl conjugates of semaxanib and sunitinib, two potent antiangiogenic (pyrrolyl)methylidenyl-substituted oxindole multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitors, were synthesized with a hemiaminal-based pH-sensitive linker. The prodrugs were prepared according to a three-step sequence involving (i) N-alkylation with chloromethoxy-triisopropylsilane; (ii) desilylation; and (iii) acylation with trisnorsqualenic acid. These squalenoyl prodrugs were found to selfassemble into nanoassemblies in aqueous media without the need for any surfactant. The nanosized aggregates were characterized by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy, and appeared to be stable in water for several days, as determined by particle-size measurement. In vitro biological studies showed that squalenoyl sunitinib nanoassemblies are notably cytotoxic against the human umbilicalvein endothelial cell line (HUVEC), which is involved in the tumor vessel formation
Aimable, Anne. "Synthèse hydrothermale en continu et en conditions supercritiques du matériau d’électrode positive des batteries Li-ion LiFePO4 : du matériau au procédé." Dijon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DIJOS070.
Full textLiFePO4 appears as the best candidate in order to be used as a positive electrode material for lithium batteries, especially since the pionnering works of Goodenough in 1997. In this study, the continuous hydrothermal synthesis of LiFePO4 in supercritical water was investigated. The first approach was based on an experimental design, in order to determine optimal conditions leading to a pure and crystalline material, with nanometric grain sizes, and interesting electrochemical properties. The higher capacity obtained is 75 mAh. G−1, which was also obtained from materials synthesized by other ways without any carbon, but below the expected value of 170 mAh. G−1. These low performances were explained by a large agglomeration, and a non optimized formulation of the electrode. In the second part of this study, a novel approach was engaged, based on an engineering aspect. The objective was to control the different steps of the synthesis : germination, growth and agglomeration. At first, heat transfer were studied inside the apparatus, and some changes were brought to improve its running. Then, CFD calculations were performed in the mixing device to model heat transfer and reactive flows in supercritical conditions
Angelo, Da Silva Monique. "Tensioactifs hydroxylés comme agent de croissance pour la synthèse de nanoparticules anisotropes d’or." Rennes, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENCR0019.
Full textGold nanorods (AuNRs) have attracted great interest owing to their particular optical properties, strongly dependent on the size and aspect ratio (thickness/length), and thus their potential applications in optics and medicine (therapy, cancer diagnosis. . . ). In this context, the development of new strategies for the synthesis of anisotropic nanorods with high yields and selectivities remains a challenge towards an effective control of the size and morphology. Among the different preparation routes, the seed mediated method is most commonly used, especially in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a growth-driving agent. To our knowledge, few works have been reported in the literature in presence of other growth driving agents. In this context, we have developed a novel family of growth driving agents, N,N-dimethyl-N-cetyl-N-hydroxyalkylammonium salts (HAAX), producing gold nanorods with high yields and selectivities in water. These surfactants have good solubility in water and are easily synthesized in good yields and different structural parameters could be modulated such as : i ) the length of the lipophilic chain (C12 , C16 , C18), ii ) the nature of the counter ion by anionic metathesis (X- = F-, Cl-, Br-, I-, HCO3 - and BF4 -), and more particularly iii) the hydroxylated polar head. The gold nanoparticles obtained by the seed mediated method were characterized by UV -vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy, showing the influence of the surfactant on the morphology and on the size (aspect ratio). Thus, this family of easily tunable ammonium salts allows access to various shapes and sizes of gold nanoparticles according to the desired target and opens interesting perspectives in terms of applications
Zitoun, David. "Synthèse et magnétisme de nanoparticules de cobalt/rhodium et cobalt/ruthénium." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30078.
Full textDe, Vos Caroline. "Synthèse de nanoparticules d'or et d'argent par microplasma à pression atmosphérique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/257288.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Patry, Maxime. "SYNTHÈSE ET CARACTÉRISATION D’UN MIROIR LIQUIDE À BASE DE NANOPARTICULES D’ARGENT." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28918/28918.pdf.
Full textAufaure, Romain. "Synthèse et fonctionnalisation de nanoparticules d'or à l'aide de molécules phosphorées." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD013/document.
Full textIn the ever growing fields of nanoscience the control of the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) owing to their large variety of applications has emerged as an important domain. Among all methodologies Turkevich-Frens synthesis using citrates that act as ligand and reducing agent remains a method of choice for the obtaining of water soluble GNPs. Nevertheless, in post-synthesis, citrates are often exchanged with other ligands to enhanced stabilization and allow further functionalisation. In our work we present a new class of bi-functional molecules (1-hydroxy-1,1-methylene bisphosphonates HMBP) that can both reduce Au(III) and act as an efficient stabilizer of the formed GNPs in water. The first size controlled GNPs “one pot” synthesis was achieved by using an alkene conjugated HMBP, the (1-hydroxy-1-phosphonopent-4-enyl)phosphonic acid (HMBPene). We moreover, rationalized the mechanism of the GNPs synthesis using this type of molecule. We then, evaluated several methodologies for the post-functionalization of our nanoplateform and developed a « Click » chemistry approach to nanoparticle coating by tetrazine cycloaddition. Other nanoplatforms were synthesized using pegylated hydroxyl methylene bisphosphonates. This new class of bisphosphonate coated GNPs showed an improved stability in biological media and brought reactive groups available for post-functionalization as well, illustrated by the coupling of a fluorescent dye. The last part of this was dedicated to our latest results on GNPs synthesis for biomedical applications with HMBP compounds
Ménard, Mathilde. "Synthèse de nanoparticules hybrides de type coeur-coquille à visées théranostiques." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAE050/document.
Full textThe aim of this PhD work was to synthesize and test new nano-objects for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. For this purpose, we developed hybrid nanoparticles made of an inorganic core surrounded by a human serum albumin (HSA) organic coating. The inorganic core is a composite by itself as it is made of an iron oxide core (IO) surrounded by a mesoporous silica (MS) shell. The IO core ensures, through its magnetic properties, diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and therapy by magnetic hyperthermia, whereas the MS shell allows the loading of anticancer drugs for chemotherapy within its porosities. The pore sizes of the silica shell were modulated to enhance the drug loading content and the IO core size was also tuned to improve magnetic hyperthermia as well as T2 MRI imaging properties of the final core-shell system. The use of a thick shell of HSA as gatekeeper for controlled drug delivery triggered by its degradation with proteases was also studied. In parallel the synthesis of drug loaded HSA nanocapsules using MS as sacrificial template was performed. Finally, the biological activities of these nanoparticles were tested on various cancer cell lines
Peres, Laurent. "Synthèse et propriétés catalytiques de nanoparticules de platine de formes contrôlées." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ISAT0002.
Full textSolution chemistry allows obtaining nanoparticles with well-controlled structural characteristics. It offers therefore the possibility to exploit the specific properties associated to the nano-objects characteristics (size, shape, crystal phase …), in diverse applications. Among them, catalysis plays an important role for the ecologic/energetic transition. Indeed, for numerous reactions, the use of nanoparticles allows to reduce the amount of metals employed. Moreover, some metals present new properties at this scale. As a surface phenomenon, catalysis thus implies more and more the use of size and shape controlled nanocrystals. Indeed, literature has shown that it is possible to modulate catalyst activity and selectivity depending on the crystallographic orientation of the nanocrystal facets.In the first part of this thesis, platinum nanoparticles have been produced using a simple Pt(II) salt as a principal precursor. Depending on the parameters employed, various shapes have been obtained. We have tried to understand the formation mechanism of the different platinum nanoparticle morphologies obtained: concave cubes enclosed by (110) facets, multipods enclosed by a mix of (111) and (100) and cubes enclosed by (100) facets. The second chapter aims at studying the impact of the nano-object shape in a model catalytic reaction. Concaves cubes and multipods have been tested in the hydrogenation of an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde, the cinnamaldéhyde, as a model reaction to probe chemoselectivity. Free nanoparticles in solution and nanoparticles supported on silica and graphène have been used. Finally, the extension of a method for the epitaxial growth of nanocrystals on thin films, allowed the elaboration of, crystallographically oriented, shape controlled platinum nano-objects (concave cubes, wires) by a direct solution-growth, over different thin films of specific nature and crystalline orientation